AUTHOR’S NAME:

Anusha Fatima TC 02 | Momna Imran TC 07

Department: Telecommunication’s Engineering

ELECTRICITY Submitted to: Ms. Sadaf Bashir

DATE: July 3rd,2022

OUTPUT FROM
COAL
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ABSTRACT:
Coal holds a dominant position in the world’s primary energy
mix. This report discusses the output of electricity in the
world’s most populated counties. These include China.
Germany, India, United States and Australia. It summarizes that
China is the largest producer of electricity from coal, while
Germany has the lowest production of electricity from coal.
Key Words: electricity, coal, output, China, India Germany, United States,
Australia
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TABLE OF CONTENT

1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
2. Electricity output from coal (Overview)……….……………………………………………………….. 3
2.1 China …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
2.2 Australia ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
2.3 India ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
2.4 Germany …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4
2.5 United States …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3. Worldwide Study …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.1 Method ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
3.2 Materials ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3 Findings ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3.1 China ………………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3.2 Australia ………………………………………………………………………………… 4
3.3.3 India ………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
3.3.4 United States …………………………………………………………………………… 5
3.3.5 Germany ………………………………………………………………………………… 5
3.4 Discussion ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
4. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
4.1 Limitations ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
4.2 Evaluation …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
5. References ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
6. Appendix ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
6.1 Appendix A ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
6.2 Appendix B ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
6.3 Appendix C …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
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1. Introduction
The economic and industrial growth all over the world has led to the extensive usage of
electricity. Here, major part of the electricity is generated by coal. The domination of
coal consumption leads to serious environmental damages. The outburst of nationwide
severe air pollution haze has become a stubborn threat to public health. But the
growing demand, for both industrial and domestic uses has made it difficult to use
renewable resources for electricity generation.

2. Electricity output from coal (Overview)

Coal plays a vital role in electricity generation worldwide. Coal-fired power plants
currently fuel 37% of global electricity and figures from the IEA show that coal will still
generate 22% of the world’s electricity in 2040, retaining coal’s position as the single
largest source of electricity worldwide.
2.1 China
The economic growth in China is backed up by fuel supply. China is one of the
largest developing economies with high potential in future electricity demand.(J.
Yuan, et al., 2016). China’s new leadership has dedicated to pursue a new economic
normal, and people had witnessed a structural change in electricity consumption in
2014 (ibid).
2.2 Australia
Australia's legacy coal-fired assets continue to dominate the country's power
generation mix. Acoording to the annual Energy statistics, released by the Australian
government, coal accounts for 54% of the electricity output.[2]
2.3 India
Energy is a key indicator of growth and productivity and the economic growth
implemented in India has led to an increased demand of electricity output.
Currently, 75% of domestic coal is used for power generation (S. Bhattacharya,
2013).
2.4 Germany
Germany is a major coal producer. However, since 1990, overall German coal
consumption has decreased by a third[4]. Eventhough electricity production
decreased following 1990, it has gradually started to rise again
2.5 United States
Coal has been used to generate electricity in the United States since an Edison
plant was built in New York City in 1882 [5]. Hence, approximately in the early
20th century, coal became the largest producer of electricity.

3. Worldwide study
3.1 Method
5 teams consisting of 15 people, were deployed to the 3 major coal-fuelled
powerplants in the 5 countries. They contacted the Electric output ministry of the
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respective country for previous statistics of electricity output by coal. They then
administered the demand and supply chain of the output, for 3 months, reporting
every week to the headquarters.
3.2 Material
Scales and power meters were required by our teams, at each power stations in the
abovementioned countries. These were supplied by the headquarters which caused
a few limitations for the readings to be provided.
3.3 Findings
Following were the electricity outputs by coal observed in the countries
3.3.1 China
HongKong
20%
Beijing
45%

Shanghai
35%

3.3.2 Australia
Perth
14%

Melbourne
48%

Brisbane
38%

3.3.3 India

Bombay
23%

Delhi
50%

Calcutta
27%

3.3.4 United States

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Chicago New York

35% 33%

Los Angeles
32%
3.3.5 Germany
Munich
20%

Berlin
55%
Hamburg
25%

3.4 Discussion
The results obtained by the 5 teams in the 5 countries, were gathered, analysed and
summarized to obtain the following result of how much electricity is outputted by
the countries using coal.

Eelectricity output % from coal

90
80
70
60
Percentage

50
40
30
20
10
0
Countries

China Australia India United States Germany

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4. Conclusion
4.1 Limitations:
Even though, the government and Ministry for Electricity production, of every
country was helpful towards our team, the utensils and instruments used were
something new for the technical teams at the plants. This posed hindrance during
the study. The problem was solved by sending our technical staff at each station.
4.2 Evaluation
conclusively, it was observed that the major part played for electricity output in
each of the 5 countries was by coal. The sharp increase in the usage of coal followed
the economic and industrial reforms of the countries. 80% of the electricity output
in China is by coal, followed by Australia; 78%; then India, around 67%. Next in line
is United States; 49%, with Germany accounting for the least, that is 44%.

5. References:
1. J. Yuan et al., Coal use for power generation in China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling,
pp.1-4, 2016.
2. R.Walton, “Coal generated 54% of Australian power, renewables up to 24% in 2020”,
https://www.power-eng.com/coal/coal-generated-54-of-australian-power-renewables-up-to-
24-in-2020/ (Accessed July 3, 2022).
3. S. Bhattacharya, The Coal Handbook: Towards Cleaner Production, “Coal Resources,
Production and use in India”, pp. 169-199, 2013.
4. A. Jungjohann, C. Morris, The German Coal Conundrum, “The Status of Coal Power in
Germany’s Energy Transition”, pp. 1-3, 2014.
5. “Coal Power in the United States”,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_power_in_the_United_States (Accessed July 3, 2022).

6. Appendix
6.1 Appendix A
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6.2 Appendix B

6.3 Appendix C