Preposition.

At dawn

In morning

At noon

In afternoon

In evening

At night

At dusk

At for smaller places or at specific points. For eg. At my office. At the store. It just tells the location
but not tells if inside or not.we also use it with holidays without day for eg at chrismas.

At is for smaller places and times. Like “at 8 am”

On is used for floors,something on road.

Typically, we use "on" when referring to being assigned or sent to perform a task or errand.

In is used for larger things, over means no touch and to a higher place.

Across means cutting through while along means going with. Both are opposite positionally.

Across is used for flat things like ice lake,desert,lake while we also cross in “over” but in over we do
it to a height. Like over the fence, over the bridge(bridge is above), while for places that have both
planes and heights we use through. Like through the woods,city.

Beside means by the side of,

We also use over when we cover but in above we don’t cover.

“By” we use when we go past someone and a method.

By or until in time say the opposite.

I will be home by 8 means I am not home now but I will be by 8.

I will be home until 8 means I am home now but I will not be after 8.

When disease we say from. She was suffering from flu.

Between for 2 and among for more.

When you are filling you say “you fill a cup ‘with’ corn”

Knock at the door is what you hear and knock on the door is what you do.

A prepositional phrase is just a preposition and a noun with it.

Along with can also mean in addition to.

Off is for small distance.

Examples
He did not do well in his exam.

He is grateful to his mother.

Soldiers are at war.