RAF - Doer of the act

Who or What did the fi l?

1/7
A word that make no NASB - Detail of the act MUSLIM CHART
sense unless another Answer who, what, where,
when how and why PLURAL PAIR SINGULAR
word come after it Forms of status Status
Light Heavy Light Heavy Light Heavy
JARR - After of

Raf = U/UN RAF

By ending of
Harf ( ) sound Nasb = A/AN NASB

A word that stuck in

time/has a tense (past Jarr = I/IN JARR
By ending of
present or future)
How to tell a combination
Pair – AANI | AYNI | AYNI
status

Pronouns Masculine & Pair Plural – OONA | EENA | EENA

Fi l ( ) Notes Feminine Plural – AATUN | AATIN | AATIN

To tell a status,
always look for EC
first before ES Normally ISMs are heavy (end with extra sound)

To make it light Reduce double accent to single accent

Status Light vs Heavy Remove extra from its ending combination

Tell the role ism Start with its irrelevant whether its heavy or light
1. If it come after La = absolute NO (negation)
plays in an action
2. If the word is partly flexible
sentence
3 Kind of Words 4 reasons for ISMs to be light 3. If it is a mudhaf
in Arabic 4. If it is the one being called (Ya)

Fully flexible/Normal
Show status in all 3 cases
Singular Ending sound UN/AN/IN or U/A/I
Arab names and 3-letter words with
sukoon in the middle

Non-flexible
Don t sho w their status Word that end with Alif or
Flexibility
Pointers

Raf Nasb & Jarr look the same

Partly flexible
4 types of It tell status
Ism ( ) properties some time s (Raf & Always Light and No Kasrah. End with U/A/A
Nasb)

2 categories 1. Proper names of places

Singular (UN/AN/IN) or (U/A/I)
Number 2. Non-Arab names (Most names in the Quran)
Pair (AANI/AYNI/AYNI)

Plural Normal Masculine Used only for people (human/jins/angels)

(OONA/EENA/EENA)
A name of a person, place, thing,
All inclusive ( masculine + feminine)
idea, adjective, adverb (-ly) and
more (e.g. pronouns) Normal Feminine Exclusively used for woman
Or Any word beside fi l & harf (AATUN/AATIN/AATIN)
Can be used for people or things

Human Broken Plural Human (including Angels & Jinns) : May be treated SINGULAR & FEMININE or AS IT IS

Non-human Broken Plural Non-human : Must be treated as SINGULAR & FEMININE

To check on Flexibility Group of people
Ism Jama (PL/MAS) Nation People Generation
Does it end Non-Flexible
Yes Hand Shoulder
with or R/N/J
Ear Feet ,
Real feminine 1. Certain ending or or Cheek Lip
No All words are considered
MASCULINE unless it fits Eyes , Ankle

Is this a name this categories Fake feminine 2. Proper names of places Elbow Heel
of a place or Yes
Partly Flexible Gender
U/A/A
person? 3. Body parts in pairs Sky Person/Soul
Earth War
Otherwise 4. Broken plurals Wind Bucket
Sun Well
Fully Flexible 5. Because the Arab said so (BASS)
Hellfire House
Blazing Fire Cup
1. Particular name of people or places
Fire Wine
To check on Number Path Staff
2. Words that start with
Common (Generic) Path
Is it an
Yes
Plural/ Type
ISM JAMA? Masculine In RAF when its an INDEPENDENT pronoun ( )

Proper (Specific) 3. Pronouns In NASB when its an ATTACHED pronoun ( ) to FIL or HON
No
In JAR when its an ATTACHED pronoun ( ) to ISM or HOJ

Does it has a When there is , there shall 4. Pointers

Normal M/F
plural No never be a tanween in the ISM
Singular/Pair
meaning?

Yes 5. The one who

being called (Ya)

Is this Human
Non Singular/
or Non- 6. Ism Mowsool
Human Femine
human? (Alazi family)

Human 7. If the is proper

then the is proper
As it is or
Singular
Feminine

-AMI-
 Mowsoof (Noun) Always first and only ONE 2/7
A word that make no Never a Pronoun or a Pointer
sense unless another
word come after it
4 properties match ISM MOWSOOF
Sifah (Adjective)
Mowsoof Sifah
Can be more than one

Long distance OK
OF fragment Never a proper name, pronoun or pointer
Harf ( )
1st word ( ) – Light, No
A word that stuck in followed by Jarr
When the ending is in DHOMAH ( ),
time/has a tense (past
(Before of) + it indicates the Mudhaf Ilaih is dropped
present or future)
(After of) – NO Long Distance

2nd word ( ) –Jarr (IN/I)

Idafah The type of Mudhaf is always

Fi l ( )
behind In front of after before below above
determined by its MIL
Pronoun attached to an ISM
right in with, at, around, behind/
with between
always Jarr & never Mudhaf front of by, beside surrounding beyond

The word Allah can Special – does not

besides, which, each, every, some, especially other
NEVER be Mudhaf always create an OF meaning other than any all, whole some of from than

5 Special ISMs – status

shown by ending letter Father Brother In-law Mouth Possessor of

HoJ makes next ISM (Majroor) in Jarr status

Harf of Jarr (HOJ) NO Long distance

3 Kind of Words
in Arabic
to/ on/upon/ about/ in/ for/
until from like oath swear with
towards against away from about have

HoN makes next ISM (Mansoob) in Nasb status

Harf of Nasb( HON) Long distance OK

More than a word so that,

as though, certainly,
less than a sentence alas maybe, however because
as if
that
for sure
hopefully

Fragments
Ism ( ) using ISMs Refer to POINTER Table Pg 7
right after (add IS)

Fragment & must match in all 4 properties

Either a sentence
or a fragment No distance between &

Sentence NO after
A name of a person, Pointer NON FLEXIBLE & ALWAYS PROPOER
place, thing, idea,
adjective, adverb (-ly) and
Can never be a or
more (e.g. pronouns)
Or Any word beside fi l &
harf When pointing at Non Human Plurals, use or

Used to give more details and more nuance in a sentence

ISM Mowsool fragment takes the place of a singe ISM and a fragment that will be part of a sentence

Ism Mowsool & Silah Always PROPER, NON-FLEXIBLE and status based
Ism Mowsool
Made of 2 parts on context
( ) the one who, ( ) the ones who (Refer to
ISM Mowsool Table Pg 7)

Silah Could be ISM, Fragment, ,

Followed after Ism Mowsool. NO LONG DISTANCE

End when there is a break in the chain

Jumlah Ismiyyah Usually a sentence begin with an ISM in RAF status
Pointers followed by No
Normally used to give emphasis, refutation and when
there is claim contrary to the statement Independent Pronouns are usually followed by IS

How to tell the status of Has the word IS/ARE/AM in it Finding the invisible IS HoN and its ISM is usually followed by IS

In default status Proper followed by common (IS in between)

ISM Mowsool is sifah of RAF ISM FIRST break in the chain

ISM Mowsool at the start of Jumlah
Ismiyyah Mubtada
Have 2 parts Before IS (the word that begins) ISM in RAF status or HON fragment or +its ISM
ISM Mowsool is after Mubtada
or ISM Isharah in Jumlah Ismiyyah Must be present (Mandatory)
2nd ISM in RAF status
ISM Mowsool is / in
Jumlah Fi liyyah
Jumlah Fi liyyah
Khabar Another Jumlah Ismiyyah
ISM Mowsool after HON (information)
For look for a Jumlah Fi liyyah or NASB ISM
ISM Mowsool is sifah of NASB ISM Mutalliq bil Khabar
After IS (related to the information) ISM in HOJ fragment
ISM Mowsool is of ISM in
Jumlah Ismiyyah Idafah with a Tharf
At least one must exist
- denote time & space
ISM Mowsool is in Jumlah
Fi liyyah If the Khabar is Jumlah Fi liyyah,
there will be no MBK

ISM Mowsool after HOJ behind In front of after before below above

ISM Mowsool is sifah of JAR ISM

Sequencing Normal Sequence , ,
right in with, at, around, behind/
ISM Mowsool is Normal Sequence is broken to create special meaning with between
front of by, beside surrounding beyond

-AMI-
 Used when there is no claim contrary to this statement 3/7
Minimum FIL and FA IL
must be present

(Emphasis- ) always
followed by FIL

Has TENSE, ACTION and INSIDE DOER ( )

PAST TENSE – show LIGHT Present Tense Harf

Fil changes at ending of words
Light Harf + Present Tense = Light Present Tense
PRESENT/FUTURE TENSE To make a present
– show changes at Change ending DHAMMAH  FATHAH
tense LIGHT
beginning & ending of words
Drop the except for and
Can also indicate the number of
time an action took place By attaching harf and to present tense, it can be
- Past Tense : the action took forced into FUTURE TENSE
place once
- Present tense : the action take Lightest Harf + Present Tense = Lightest Present Tense
A word that make no sense
place multiple times To make a present
unless another word
tense LIGHTEST Change ending DHAMMAH  SUKOON
come after it If a pronoun is attached to a
FIL the pronoun is in NASB
Drop the except for and
status and is a
LIGHTEST Present Tense Harf

Harf ( )

Commanding & Forbidding Can t command/forbid someone who s not there (3rd person)

A word that stuck in time/has a Can t command/forbid yourselves (1st person)

tense (past present or future)
Can t command/forbid in the past tense

CAN command/forbid someone who is in front of (2nd person)

Forbidding is easier than commanding
3 Kind of Words Jumlah Fi liyyah Command/Forbid isn t always forbidding or commanding,
Fi l ( )
in Arabic may be advise, permission, sarcasm, suggestion, motivation

In dua command/forbid is known as /

( )+ 2nd Person Lightest
Forbidding Present Tense

Only applicable for 2nd Person

Commanding Present Tense

Conditional Statements Condition ( )+ = Start with (whoever) or

(If-Then) Answer ( ) (whatever) or (if) +
Ism ( )
=
Command ( ) + Reward/
Punishment ( ) =
A name of a person, place, thing,
idea, adjective, adverb (-ly) and more =
(e.g. pronouns)
Or Any word beside fi l & harf PASSIVE ( ) – DOER is not
A TRANSITIVE takes an known and focus on the DONE TO
object (someone/something) ( - always RAF), cannot
To Convert A Present Tense into Command Transitive vs Intransitive and is called have a

ACTIVE ( ) – DOER is
Start from 2nd Person Present Tense AN INTRANSITIVE DOES
known
NOT takes an object
(someone/something cannot
be added) and is called ONLY has ACTIVE ( )
Make the FIL Lightest Tense
Incomplete FIL ISM is always RAF

Need to have a detail in NASB status or HOJ fragment to make

complete sense
Drop the from the beginning
: + ISM in Raf status
Treated like a
Add a helper Alif if you can t pronounce the : ISM in NASB status
word
: ISM in HOJ fragment
or Idafah with a Tharf
if 3rd letter has Dhammah, Aliff takes / = He was/he is, to be
DHAMMAH or else Aliff takes KASRA
/ = To become
= Past tense FIL that means he is not
To Convert Active into Passive FIL
+ Present tense = used to
Identify the
Tense ISM in RAF status

OUTSIDE DOER Come after FIL, distance is OK

PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE
INSIDE DOER is pronoun embedded in FIL Only look for an OUTSIDE DOER ( )
Fa il if the FIL ( ) is in singular form or
Leave the LAST Leave the LAST Always in RAF status
HARAKAH alone HARAKAH alone
DOER of the action Start with ISM in RAF status – quote

Maf ul Jumlah Ismiyyah that Start with HoN fragments

What or Who -
Leave the Make UUUU-E
Leave the Another Jumlah Fi lliyyah
SUKOON alone soundalone
SUKOON When or Where -

Answer the question about FIL and determine type of Maf ul Why -

Details about the action and always in NASB status How -

Change to make Make UUUU-E
Change to make Muta aliq Bil Fil
U-AAAA sound sound
UUUU-E sound HOJ fragment related to the FIL and give more information How badly -

-AMI-
 4/7

When a DOER
attaches to FIL,
(Alif) after FIL will
disappear
(e.g. )

When a DOER
attaches to FIL there
will be a in
between FIL and the
attached pronoun
(e.g. )

-AMI-
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-AMI-
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-AMI-
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-AMI-