Introduction to DELTA

PLC environment
A WALKTHROUGH FOR BEGINNERS
 Introduction

▪ Industrial automation is the use of computers, robots and information technologies for handling different
processes and machineries in an industry to increase operational efficiency with repetitive tasks specifically
▪ Automation itself can be defined as the use of control systems by which a process or procedure is performed with
minimal human interference through the use of technological or mechanical devices.
Effect of Automation on
productivity

Before Automation After Automation

production efficiency time

Types of PLCs

▪ Fixed/Compact PLC
Within a single case. It has a fixed number of I/O modules and external I/O cards. So, it does not have the
capability to expand the modules. Every input and output would be decided by the manufacturer

▪ Modular PLC
This type of PLC permits multiple expansion through modules, hence referred to as Modular PLC. I/O
components can be increased. It is easier to use because each component is independent of each other.
Manufacturers of PLCs

According to the physical size, a PLC is divided into Mini, Micro, and Nano PLC. Some of the
manufacturers of PLCs include:
▪ Delta
▪ ABB
▪ Siemens
▪ Allen Bradley
▪ Mitsubishi
▪ Honeywell
▪ Hitachi
▪ General Electric (G.E)
Why we use PLC

▪ Handy extending principles.

▪ Ease of programming in the plant.
▪ Widely applied in field.
▪ High reliability and minimal maintenance.
▪ Ability to communicate with computer systems in the plant.
▪ Moderate to low initial investment cost.
▪ Available in modular designs.
Delta PLC
Content Layout with Table

Inputs
Normally open contacts Auxiliary
Normally closed contacts Inputs Outputs Timers Counter
Relays

X0 Y0 M0 T0 C0
Outputs
X1 Y1 M1 T1 C1
Coil
X2 Y2 M2 T2 C2
Auxiliary Relays X3 Y3 M3 T3 C3
General purpose
Special Purpose X4 Y4 M4 T4 C4

Timer X5 Y5 M5 T5 C5
X6 Y6 M6 T6 C6
Counter X7 Y7 M7 T7 C7
Count up
Pin Configuration and uses
Device configuration:

Click here to
Create new file.
Device configuration:

Here you have to

select that either you
are getting program
on PLC or VFD

And here select the

model type what ever
you have.
 How to Run the Program:

Step:1 (Simulator)

Step:2 (Ladder
Step:4 (Online Mode) Instruction)

Step:3 (Write to PLC)

Step:5 (Run)
Inputs
Normally Open Contacts
▪ LD (Load contact)
Initially the contacts are open (not touching each other)
until the button is pressed and then the connected device
remains on until turned off using other switch.
Other Inputs may include AND, ANI, OR ,ARI,
ANB, ORB, MDS, MRB and MPP
Normally Closed Contacts
▪ LDI (Load contact)
Initially the contacts are closed (touching each
other) until the button is pressed and then the
connected device remains off until turned on
using other switch.
Outputs

Coil Output (Basic

output/Logic displayer)

Out command is used for the output coil

Other outputs may include SET and RST

Auxiliary Relays

The term internal, auxiliary relay or marker is used for what can be considered as internal relay in PLC. It behaves like
relays with their associated contacts, but in reality are not actual relays but simulation
by the software of the PLC.
Special purpose
Special purpose relays are use to special work to indicates faults
General purpose and alarm generate for safety purpose without any given inputs.
General purpose relays are used to store data to operate
output, such that latching.
▪ M1003
ON only for 1 scan after RUN. Initial pulse is contact
A. It will get positive pulse in the RUN moment. Pulse width
equals scan period.
▪ M1004
On when error occurs.
▪ M1009
When 24VDC is not sufficient that causes LV signal,
will be ON.
▪ M1011
10mclock pulse, 5ms On/5msOffs
Basic program:
Start (Push button)
Latching:
Stop (Push button)

Output latching to
hold the output
 Basic program:
Interlocking:
Revers Motor interlock

Output latching to
hold the output

Forward Motor
interlock
Timers
Timer is used to switch the output to a high state and then bring it back to a low state after allotted time duration, but it
depends on our requirement whether we want the output to go from high to low or low to high.

Timer has to types:

ON delay
OFF delay

TMR is the timer Timer number Timer set value

command Example: (T0,T1,T3)
or any
 Timer types:
ON Delay:
On delay timer is use to operate after some time.

After 5sec the timer contact will be high and the output high too. When the timer block gets the power through the switch so it will
start the timing which we set 5sec
 Timer types:
OFF Delay:
OFF delay timer is use to Stop output after some time.

After 5sec the timer contact will be high andbehaves normally When the timer block gets the power through the switch so it will
open due to normally close contact, so the output will be off . start the timing which we set 5sec and the output also operate.
Star / Delta Task:
Timer Task:
Star-Delta: This contact isused to
stop whole process.

This main contactor

will always open when
we start the process.

When X0 will high

star contactor will
be high for 10s.

After 10s Delta

contactor will
energize.
Traffic light Program:
 Timer Task:
Traffic light.
NC T2 is used for
When X0 is high, red light ‘llbe
resetting timer T0
ON for 10 sec.
(to continue the
loop)

After 10 sec T0 ‘ll turn ON then

yellow light ‘ll be ON for 2sec.

After 2 sec T1 ‘ll turn ON then green

light ‘ll be ON for 10sec.
 Timer Task:
➢ Flashing Light.

NC T2 is When input of X0 is
used for high, T0 ‘ll be ON for
resetting T0 2 sec.
to continue
the loop. LED ON for 2 sec.

After that T0 ‘ll high

and T2 ‘ll ON for 2
sec.
Car Washing Task:
 Car Washing: Conveyer Conveyer Conveyer Conveyer Conveyer
stop stop stop stop stop
interlock interlock interlock interlock interlock

After completion of
Brushing T1 starts again
conveyor

After completion of
Cleaning T2 starts again
conveyor

After completion of
dryer T3 starts again
conveyor

After completion of
water sprinkle T0 starts
again conveyor
 Car Washing:(Cont.)
Timer interlock to stop
the soapy water

Soapy Water
sprinkler sensor

Timer used for the

delay
Timer interlockto
stop the brusher

Brusher Sensor

Timer used for the

delay
 Car Washing:(Cont.)
Timer interlock to stop
the clean water

Cleaning Sensor

Timer used for the

delay
Timer interlock to
stop the dryer

Dryer Sensor

Timer used for the

delay
 Car Washing:
M0 is use to hold the
This start input to low the X0 timer T4 when ever the
when ever the process start car cross dryer sensor
resume for the next car

T4 is stop bit to
stop conveyor after
some delay
Counters

▪ A counter is a PLC instruction that either increments (counts up) or decrements (counts down) an
integer number value when prompted by the transition of a bit from 0 to 1 (“false” to “true”).

When Sensor X1 is high, then

Counter C0 counts one.

After Counter counts 5 then C0 will

high and LED will turnON.
 Comparator:
▪ Comparator is hardware electronic device that takes two numbers as input in binary form and
determines whether one number is greater than, Less than or Equal to the other number.
Data source
device 1

LD※
instruction is
used for direct
connection with
BUS.

Data source
device 2
Comparator’s Table:
Description of Comparator Blocks:
Equal:
Equal Block is used to compare the two values stored in source A and source B and
gives Output as “1” if both are equal and “0” if both are not equal.
Description of Comparator Blocks:
LES:
Lesser than block s used to compare the two values stored in Source A and
source B and gives output as “1” if Source A value is Lesser than Source B value
and “0” if Source A value is Greaterthan or equal to source B value.
Description of Comparator Blocks:
GRT:
Greater than block is used to compare the two values stored in Source A and
source B and gives Output as “1” if Source A value is Greater than Source B
value and “0” if Source A value is lesser than or equal to source B value.
 Comparator and Counter:

X0 will high then C0

When the value of C0 is
equal to K1 then Y0 will
turn ON.
counts one then
comparator compares
the value of C0 and
gives the output with
respect to values C0.

When the value of C0 is

equal to K2 then Y1 will
turn ON.

When the value of C0 is

equal to K3 then Y2 will
turn ON.
Arithmetic Logic:
Arithmetic logic blocks are used to perform mathematical
operations. E.g. Add , Sub , Mul and Div.

Here S1 data is adding

with S2 data so here S1
is “Augend “.

Now this block is

performing add And “D” is used to
operation. If Sub will be show the addition
written here to perform result.
a Subtraction and etc.

Here S2 is addend
Arithmetic Operations:
ADD:

SUB:

MUL:

DIV:
Mov Command:
Mov block is used to move a value from one register to another. Like D0 to
D1.

And this is a command

“Mov” which will be
And this is
perform this operation
Destination where
to mov the source the
the value will be
value at destination.
stored.

This is source
Programming of MOV Command:

Here first we are

performing add
operation in this block
and take the stored
value in D0 to mov D1.

And here in this

“Mov” block to
Move D0 value to
D1.
 Analog Programming:
➢ Before analog scaling first we know about the resolution of PLC, resolution can be different for
PLC brands.
➢ Resolution is the number of data which PLC can read, we talk about the siemens PLC so the resolution of
Delta is 0 to 32000,
➢ After finding the resolution then start the scaling.

➢ Why we use analog scaling.

Scaling is just to make for human understandable data. Its depends on the nature of work and requirement
of user.
 Analog Scaling:
First we need to use mode selection for the different sensors

M1002 bit will be turn ON for a C means 4mA to 20mA (ACH2) 8

short time and then it will be OFF. means -10 to +10v (ACH1)
0 means analog which is -10 to +10v (ACH0)
D1115 is mode selection data
register

D1110 is ACH0 where RTD sensor

is connected, there is no need to
scaled RTD sensor because it will
gives directly temperature values.

D1111 is ACH1 where Super

Sonic sensor is connected

D1112 is ACH2 where PT100

sensor is connected
 Analog Scaling:
➢ For tank level

This comparator used for the This comparator used for the
M1000 automatically When sensor data
minimum value maximum value
turn ON when start PLC below 0, then move 0
to same register

When sensor data

above 32000, then
move 32000 to same
register

In this step set the rang of physical

quantity such as temperature, water
level etc.

*If you set the rang in 0 t0 100 the

calculation is: (32000/100)=320

The subtraction operation is just to

invert data for the water level tank.

If your rang is 0 – 100 then subtract

from 100
Analog Scaling:
➢ For temperature

M1000 automatically When sensor data

turn ON when start below 0, then move 0
PLC to same register
This comparator used for the This comparator used for the
minimum value maximum value

When sensor data

below 0, then move 0
to same register

In this step set the rang of physical

quantity such as temperature, etc.

*If you set the rang in 0 t0 200 the

calculation is: (32000/200)=160
Advantages Of Delta

Delta's high-performance, high-speed DVP series PLCs are the most efficient and incorporates
communication capabilities.

Advantages include:
▪ Numerous built-in convenient commands for easy operation access
▪ Communication function monitoring.
▪ The module-type unit affords tremendous space-saving, allowing simple, clip-on expansion
possibilities.
▪ The PLCs high performance and extensive I/O units represent a high-value solution for machine
control and industrial automation.
▪ Rugged and designed to withstand vibrations, temperature, humidity and noise.
▪ It has shorter project implementation time
And many more…
Can Automation has drawbacks too?
There are certain growth areas still left to be perfected in automation but there overall advantage
exceeds these drawback by a long mile. These disadvantages can be:
▪ PLC is new technology so that should require training
▪ There is a difficulty with changes or replacement
▪ Need extra security equipment such as relays.
▪ PLC is not considered necessary when it has applied to industrial systems that do not need to change
the wiring
▪ PLC is designed by semiconductor, which depends on the thermal characteristics
▪ It is always difficult to find an error and require a skillful workforce
Software for programming Delta PLC

▪ WPLSoft is a program-editing software made for the Delta DVP-PLC series used under WINDOWS.
And this course is covering complete programming of PLC Model DVP-14SS2 of Delta PLC. After
doing this course, you can easily program the other PLC series. This software is used for all the PLC
series.
▪ ISPSoft is the latest program development tool for Delta's programmable logic controllers (PLC)
that complies with the IEC 61131-3 standard to integrate multiple tasks for project management.
▪ We can program Delta HMI using DOPSoft .
Thankyou!
For further understanding refer to the following link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DKh7qbtH2p4