Chapter 21: Immune System Exercise

1. Name the tissues that make up the immune system. Bone marrow, spleen, mucous membranes,
thymus, skin, lymph nodes and vessels.

2. What is the major function of the immune system? Defense system that protects the body from
foreign agents such as pathogens, pollens, toxins and cancer cells.

3. What are the two types of defense mechanisms that make up the immune system?
Nonspecific immunity and Specific immunity

4. What are the three lines of defense of the first line of defense? mechanical barriers, chemical
barriers, and reflexes

5. What are the two types of mechanical barriers of the first line of defense? Intact skin and
mucous membranes

6. Give some examples of chemical barriers. Examples include: stomach secretions, salvia, sweat,
enzymes and secretions of the sebaceous and sweat glands of the skin.

7. What are the five types of defense that makes up the second line of defense? Phagocytosis,
inflammation, fever, protective proteins, and natural killer cells

8. Specific immunity protects the body against specific pathogens. What are the three types of
immune cells that are important in specific immunity? T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and
macrophages

9. What are the two ways that a person can develop artificially acquired immunity? Vaccine and
injection of immune globin

10. What are the two types of allergic reaction? delayed onset allergy and immediate-reaction
allergy (immediate hypersensitivity reaction)