Calculus

Previous year Questions

from 2020 to 1992

2021-22

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 2020
tan 2 x
1. Evaluate lim(tan

x) . [10 Marks]
x→
4
2
2. Find all the asymptotes of the curve (2x + 3) y = ( x − 1) [10 Marks]

1
 1
 tan
−1
3. Evaluate  1 − x  dx. [15 Marks]
0
x
4. Consider the function f ( x ) =  (t 2 − 5t + 4)(t 2 − 5t + 6)dt
0
(i) Find the critical points of the function f ( x )
(ii) Find the points at which local minimum occurs.
(iii) Find the points at which local maximum occurs.
(iv) Find the number of zeros of the function f ( x ) in [0,5] [20 Marks]
2 2 2
5. Find an extreme value of the function u = x + y + z subject to the condition 2x + 3 y + 5 z = 30 by
using Lagrange’s method of undetermined multiplier. [20 Marks]

2019
  cos 2 x 
6. Let f : 0,  → R be a continuous function such that f ( x) = , 0  x  . Find the value of
 2 4x − 
2 2
2

f  [10 Marks]
2
Let f : D( R ) → R be a function and (a, b)  D . If f ( x, y ) is continuous at (a, b), then show the
2
7.
functions f ( x, b) and f (a, y ) are continuous at x = a and at y = b respectively. [10 Marks]
  
8. Is f ( x) =| cos x | + | sin x | differentiable at x = ? If yes, then find its derivative at x = x = If no, then
2 2 2
a proof of it. [15 Marks]
9. Find the maximum and the minimum value of the function f ( x) = 2 x − 9 x + 12 x + 6 on the interval [2,3]
3 2

[10 Marks]

−1 x1/3 + y1/3 1
10. If u = sin 1/2 then show that sin u is a homogeneous function of x and y of degree −
2
hence
x +y
1/2
6
 2u  2u 2  u
2
tan u  13 tan 2 u 
show that x 2 + 2 xy + y =  +  [12 Marks]
x 2 xy y 2 12  12 12 
1  x+ y 
11. Using the Jacobian method, show that if f '( x) = and f (0) = 0 then f ( x) + f ( y ) = f  
1+ x 2
 1 − xy 
[8 Marks]

2018
z
12. Determine if lim(1 − z ) tan exists or not. If the limit exists, then find its value. [10 Marks]
z →1 2

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 n −1
1
13. Find the limit lim
n → n 2
 n2 − r 2 . [10 Marks]
r =0

14. Find the shortest distance from the point (1, 0) to the parabola y2 = 4x [13 Marks]
x2 y 2
15. The ellipse + = 1 revolves about the x -axis. Find the volume of the solid of revolution. [13 Marks]
a 2 b2
 xy , y  0
2
f f
16. Let f ( x, y ) =  . Determine which of (0,1), (0,1) and exists and which does not exist.
− xy , y  0
2
x y
[12 Marks]
17. Find the maximum and the minimum values of x − 5 x + 4 on the interval [2,3] .
4 2
[13 Marks]
a x
xdydx
18. Evaluate the integral  [12 Marks]
0 x/a x + y
2 2

2017
19.
2 2

Integrate the function f ( x, y) = xy( x2 + y 2 ) over the domain R : −3  x − y  3, 1  xy  4 
[10 Marks]
20. Find the volume of the solid above the xy - plane and directly below the portion of the elliptic
y2
paraboloid x 2 + = z which is cut off by the plane z =9 [15 Marks]
4
 xy ( x 2 − y 2 )
 , ( x, y )  (0,0)
21. If f ( x, y ) =  x 2 + y 2

 0 , ( x, y ) = (0,0)
2 f 2 f
calculate and at (0,0). [15 Marks]
xy yx
3
2 xdx
22. Examine if the improper integral  , exists. [10 Marks]
0 (1 − x
2 2/3
)
 dxdy
23. Prove that     where D is the unit disc. [10 Marks]
3 D x 2 + ( y − 2)2

2016
1
1 
24. Evaluate: I =  3 x log   dx [10 marks]
0 x
x 2 y2 z 2
25. Find the matrix and minimum values of x 2 + y2 + z 2 subject to the conditions + + = 1 and
4 5 25
x + y−z =0 [20 marks]
 2x 4 − 5x 2 y2 + y5
 , x , y)  (0,0)
26. Let f ( x , y) =  ( x 2 + y2 )2 find a   0 such that f ( x , y) − f (0,0)  0.01

 0 , x , y) = (0,0)
2 2
whenever x + y   [15 marks]
27. Find the surface area of the plane x + 2 y + 2z = 12 cut off by x = 0, y = 0 and x 2 + y2 = 16
[15 marks]
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 x + y, if x 2  y  2x 2
28. Evaluate  f ( x , y )dxdy, over the rectangle R = [0,1;0,1] where f ( x , y ) = 
R  0, elsewhere
[15 marks]

2015
x 
tan 
 x  2a 
29. Evaluate the following limit lim  2 −  [10 Marks]
x →a  a
 /2 3
sin x
30. Evaluate the following integral:  3
sin x + 3 cos x
dx [10 Marks]
 /6
31. A conical tent is of given capacity. For the least amount of Canvas required, for it, find the ratio of
its height to the radius of its base. [13 Marks]
32. Which point of the sphere x 2 + y2 + z 2 = 1 is at the maximum distance from the point (2,1,3)
[13 Marks]
2
33. Evaluate the integral  ( x − y) cos2 ( x + y) dxdy where R is the rhombus with successive
R
vertices as ( ,0),(2 , ),( ,2 ),(0, ) [12 Marks]

34. Evaluate  y − x 2 dxdy where R = [ −1,1;0,2] [13 Marks]

R
 x2 − x y
 , ( x , y)  (0,0)
35. For the function f ( x , y) =  x 2 + y Examine the continuity and differentiability.

 0 , ( x , y) = (0,0)
[12 Marks]

2014
Prove that between two real roots e cos x + 1 = 0, a real root of e x sin x + 1 = 0 lies.
x
36. [10 Marks]
1
log e (1 + x )
37. Evaluate:  dx . [10 Marks]
0
1 + x2
1
38. By using the transformation x + y = u, y = uv evaluate the integral   xy (1− x − y )2 dxdy taken over
the area enclosed by the straight lines x = 0, y = 0 and x + y = 1 . [15 Marks]
39. Find the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius a .
[15 Marks]
Find the maximum or minimum values of x + y + z subject to the condition ax + by + cz = 1 and
2 2 2 2 2 2
40.
lx + my + nz = 0 interpret result geometrically [20 Marks]

2013
 1 1 
Evaluate   2 x sin − cos dx 
1
41. [10 Marks]
0
 x x 
42. Using Lagrange’s multiplier method find the shortest distance between the line y = 10 − 2 x and the
x2 y 2
ellipse + =1 [20 Marks]
4 9
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  xy 3
, ( x, y )  ( 0, 0 )
43. Compute f xy ( 0, 0 ) and f yx ( 0, 0 ) for the function f ( x, y ) = 
x+ y
2

0 , ( x, y ) = ( 0, 0 )

Also distance the continuity of f xy and f yx at ( 0, 0 ) . [15 Marks]

 xydA where D is the region bounded by the line y = x −1 and the parabola y = 2x + 6 .
2
44. Evaluate
D
[15 Marks]

2012
 3 1 1
 x cos + y cos
3

Define a function f of two real variables in the plane by f ( x, y ) = 

y x
45. for x, y  0
 x +y
2 2


 0, otherewis
Check the continuity and differentiability of f at ( 0, 0 ) . [12 Marks]
1 1
46. Let p and q be positive real numbers such that + = 1 show that for real numbers ab  0
p q
a p bq
ab + . [12 Marks]
p q
47. Find the point of local extreme and saddle points of the function f for two variables defined by
f ( x, y ) = x3 + y 3 − 63 ( x + y ) + 12 xy [20 Marks]
n
(log(n + i) − log n)2
Defined a sequence sn of real numbers by sn = 
lim
48. does n→ sn exist? If so compute
i =1 n + 1
the value of this limit and justify your answer [20 Marks]

q
p and q so that the integral 
1 p 1
49. Find all the real values of x  log  dx converges [20 Marks]
0
 x

2011
x2 y
50. Find lim if it exists [10 Marks]
( x , y ) →(0,0) x 3 + y 3

51. Let f be a function defined on such that f ( 0 ) = −3 and f ' ( x )  5 for all values of x in How
large can f ( 2 ) possibly be? [10 Marks]
52. Evaluate:
 x2 − 4
 , x2 1
(i) lim f ( x) Where f ( x) =  x − 2 (ii)  nxdx . [20 Marks]
x →2
  , x=2

0

2010
53. A twice differentiable function f ( x ) is such that f ( a ) = 0 = f ( b ) and f ( c )  0 for a  c  b prove
that there be is at least one point  , a    b for which f '' ( )  0 [12 Marks]

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 1+ x
Dose the integral 
1
54. exist if so, find its value [12 Marks]
−1 1− x

55. Show that a box (rectangular parallelepiped) of maximum volume V with prescribed surface area is
a cube. [20 Marks]
Let D be the region determine by the inequalities x  0, y  0, z  8 and z  x + y compute
2 2
56.

 2 xdxdydz .
D
[20 Marks]

57. If f ( x, y ) is a homogeneous function of degree n in x and y, and has continuous first and second
order partial derivatives then show that
2 f 2 f 2  f
2
2 f 2  f
2
(i) x +y = nf (ii) x + 2 xy +y = n ( n − 1) f [20 Marks]
x y x 2   y y 2

2009
58. Suppose the f ' is continuous on 1, 2 and that f has three zeroes in the interval (1, 2 ) show that f '' has
least one zero in the interval (1, 2 ) . [12 Marks]
59. If f is the derivative of same function defined on  a, b prove that there exists a number   a, b 
such that  f ( t )dt = f ( )( b − a )
b
[12 Marks]
a

60. If x = 3  0.01 and y = 4  0.01 with approximately what accuracy can you calculate the polar
coordinate r and  of the point P ( x, y ) Express you estimates as percentage changes of the value
that r and  have at the point ( 3, 4 ) [20 Marks]
A space probe in the shape of the ellipsoid 4 x + y + 4 z = 16 enters the earth atmosphere and its
2 2 2
61.
surface beings to heat. After one hour, the temperature at the point ( x, y, z ) on the probe surface is
given by T ( x, y, z ) = 8x 2 + 4 yz − 16 z + 1600 Find the hottest point on the probe surface. [20 Marks]
Evaluate I =  xdydz + dzdx + xz dxdy where S is the outer side of the part of the sphere
2
62.
s

x + y + z = 1 in the first octant.

2 2 2
[20 Marks]

2008
x
63. Find the value of lim ln(1 − x) cot . [12 Marks]
x →1 2
1
64. Evaluate  ( x ln x)3dx . [12 Marks]
0

65. Determine the maximum and minimum distances of the origin from the curve given by the equation
3x2 + 4 xy + 6 y 2 = 140 . [20 Marks]
a
xdxdy
66. Evaluate the double integral x
y
2
+ y2
by changing the order of integration [20 Marks]

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67. Obtain the volume bounded by the elliptic paraboloid given by the equations
z − x2 + 9 y 2 & z = 18 − x2 − 9 y 2 [20 Marks]

2007
68. Let f ( x), ( x  (− ,  )) be defined by f ( x) = sin | x | is f continuous on (− ,  ) if it is continuous then
is it differentiable on (− ,  ) ? [12 Marks]
69. A figure bounded by one arch of a cycloid x = a ( t − sin t ) , y = a (1 − cos t ) , t  0, 2  and the x-axis is
revolved about the x-axis. Find the volume of the solid of revolution [12 Marks]
70. Fin a rectangular parallelepiped of greatest volume for a give total surface area S using Lagrange’s
method of multipliers [20 Marks]
 z  z
2 2
71. Prove that if z =  ( y + ax ) + ( y − ax ) then a 2 2 − 2 = 0 for any twice differentiable  and is a
y x
constant. [15 Marks]
72. Show that e x is bounded on 0,  ) for all positive integral values of n . Using this result show that
−x n

e
−x
x n dx exists. [25 Marks]
0

2006
 1
 , if |x|  2
73. Find a and b so that f '(2) exists where f ( x) =  |x| [12 Marks]
a + bx 2 if |x|  2

Express  x m (1 − x n ) p dx in terms of Gamma function and hence evaluate the integral
1
74.
0

 (1− x )dx
1
6 2
x [12 Marks]
0

a sin 2 x  b log cos x 1

75. Find the values of a and b such that lim
x →0 = . [15 Marks]
x4 2
 y  y
2 z 2 z 2  z
2
76. If z = xf   + g   show that x 2 + 2 xy + y =0. [15 Marks]
x xx 2 xy y 2
−y
e
77. Change the order of integration in  dydx and hence evaluate it. [15 Marks]
x y
x2 y 2 z 2
78. Find the volume of the uniform ellipsoid + + =1 [15 Marks]
a 2 b2 c 2

2005
0 if xy = 0
79. Show that the function given below is not continuous at the origin f ( x, y ) =  [12 Marks]
1 if xy  0
xy
80. Let R 2 → R be defined as f ( x, y ) = , ( x, y )  ( 0, 0 ) , f ( 0, 0 ) = 0 prove that f x and f y exist
(x + y )
2 2

at (0, 0) but f is not differentiable at (0, 0) . [12 Marks]

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 ( x, y, z )
81. If u = x + y + z, uv = y + z and uvw = z then find [15 Marks]
(u, v, w)
x m−1 + x n−1
Evaluate 
1
82. dx in terms of Beta function. [15 Marks]
0 (1 + x) m + n

 zdV where V the volume is bounded below by the cone x + y = z and above by the
2 2 2
83. Evaluate
v

sphere x + y + z = 1 lying on the positive side of the y -axis.

2 2 2
[15 Marks]
Find the x-coordinate of the center of gravity of the solid lying inside the cylinder x + y = 2ax
2 2
84.
between the plane z = 0 and the paraboloid x + y = az .
2 2
[15 Marks]

2004
85. Prove that the function f defined on [0, 4] f ( x) =  x  greatest integer  x, x  [0, 4] is integrable on
4

0, 4 and that  f ( x)dx = 6 . [12 Marks]

0

x2 x2
86. Shaw that x −  log (1 + x )  x − x  0.
2 2 (1 + x )
[12 Marks]
87. Let the roots of the equation in  ( − x) + ( − y) + ( − z) = 0 be u, v, w proving that
3 3 3

(u, v, w) ( y − z )( z − x)( x − y)
= −2 . [15 Marks]
( x, y, z ) (u − v)(v − w)( w − u )
88. Prove that an equation of the form x n =  where n  N and   0 is a real number has a positive
root.
[15 Marks]
x +y
2 2
 ab
89. Prove that  dx = [4 + (a 2 + b 2 )(a −2 + b −2 )] when the integral is taken round the ellipse
p 4
x2 y 2
+ = 1 and p is three length of three perpendicular from the center to the tangent. [15 Marks]
a 2 b2
 xy
 2 , ( x, y )  ( 0, 0 )
If the function f is defined by f ( x, y ) =  x + y
2
90. then show that possesses both the
0 , ( x, y) = ( 0, 0 )

partial derivative at but it is not continuous thereat. [15 Marks]

2003
91. Let f be a real function defined as follow:
f ( x) = x, −  x  1
f ( x + 2) = x, x  R
Show that f is discontinuous at every odd integer. [12 Marks]
e + a sin x,
x
x0
92. For all real numbers x, f ( x) is given as f ( x) =  . Find values of a and b for
b( x − 1) + x − 2, x  0
2

which is differentiable at x = 0 . [12 Marks]

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93. A rectangular box open at the top is to have a volume of 4m3 . Using Lagrange’s method of
multipliers find the dimension of the box so that the material of a given type required to construct
it may be least. [15 Marks]
1  2
dx sin x
94. Test the convergent of the integrals(i)  1 (ii)  dx [15 Marks]
0 3
x 1+ x 2 0
x2
( )
a y
ydxdy
95. Evaluate the integral   (a − x) [15 Marks]
0 y2 ax − y 2
a

96. Find the volume generated by revolving by the real bounded by the curves ( x2 + 4a 2 ) y = 8a3 ,
2 y = x and x = 0 about the y -axis. [15 Marks]

2002
b−a b−a
97. Show that  sin −1 b − sin −1 a  for 0  a  b  1 . [12 Marks]
1 − a2 1 − b2


Show that   e − ( x + y2 )
dxdy =
2
98. [12 Marks]
0 0
4
 p 1
 x sin , x  0
99. Let f ( x) =  x . Obtain condition on p such that (i)f is continuous at x = 0 and (ii) f is

0 x=0
differentiable at x = 0 [15 Marks]
100. Consider the set of triangles having a given base and a given vertex angle show that the triangle
having the maximum area will be isosceles [15 Marks]
101. If the roots of the equation ( − u) + ( − v) + ( − w) = 0 in  are x, y, z . show that
3 3 3

( x, y, z ) 2(u − v)(v − w)( w − u )

=− . [15 Marks]
(u, v, w) ( x − y)( y − z )( z − x)
2 2
 x 3  y 3
102. Find the center of gravity of the region bounded by the curve   +   = 1 and both axes I the
a b
first quadrant the density being  = kxy where k is constant. [15 Marks]

2001
103. Let be defined on by setting f ( x) = x if x is rational and f ( x) = 1 − x if x is irrational show that is
1
continuous at x = but is discontinuous at every other point. [12Marks]
2
1
sin  
104. Test the convergence of 
1
 x dx . [12 Marks]
0
x
Find the equation of the cubic curve which has the same asymptotes as 2 x ( y − 3) = 3 y ( x − 1) and
2 2
105.
which touches the axis at the origin and passes though the point (1,1) . [15 Marks]
106. Find the maximum and minimum radii vectors of the section of the surface
( x2 + y 2 + z 2 ) = a 2 x 2 + b2 y 2 + c 2 z 2 by the plane lx + my + nz = 0 [15 Marks]

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  ( x + y + z + 1) dxdydz over the region defined by x  0, y  0, z  0, x + y + z  1
2
107. Evaluate
[15 Marks]
108. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the cardioid r = a(1 − cos  ) about the initial line
[15 Marks]

2000
2 2
109. Use the mean value theorem to prove that  log1.4  .
7 5
[12 Marks]
1 l m
Show that  x
2 l −1 2 m −1
110. y dxdy = r 2(l + m) for all positive values of and laying the circle
4  ( l + m + 1)
x2 + y 2 = r 2 . [12 Marks]
2 2 2
x y z
111. Find the center of gravity of the positive octant of the ellipsoid 2
+ 2 + 2 = 1 if the density varies
a b c
as xyz [15 Marks]
2, x is irrational
112. Let f ( x) =  show that if is not Riemann integrable on [a, b] [15 Marks
 1, x is rational
d n  log x  n n!  1 1 1
113. Show that n   = ( −1) n +1  log x − 1 − − .... −  [15 Marks]
dx  x  x  2 3 n

114. Find constant a and b for which F ( a, b ) =  log x − ax 2 + bx 2 dx is a minimum [15 Marks]
0

1999
x
115. Determine the set of all points where the function f ( x) = is differentiable. [20 Marks]
1+ x
116. Find three asymptotes of the curve x3 + 2 x 2 y − 4 xy 2 − 8 y 3 − 4 x + 8 y − 10 = 0. Also find the intercept of
one asymptote between the other two. [20 Marks]
117. Find the dimensions of a right circular cone of minimum volume which can be circumscribed about
a sphere of radius a . [20 Marks]
118. If f is Riemann integral over every interval of finite length and f ( x + y ) = f ( x) + f ( y ) for every
pair of real numbers x and y show that f ( x) = cx where c = f (1) [20 Marks]
3
sin t 3 a 2
119. Show that the area bounded by cissoids x = a sin 2 t , y = a and its asymptote is
cost 4
[20 Marks]
m n
m n   
120.
x 2
y 2
Show that  x y over the positive quadrant of the ellipse 2 + 2 = 1 is
m −1 n −1
a b  2  2
a b 4 m n 
  + + 1
2 2 
[20 Marks]

1998
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 2
121. Find the asymptotes of the curve (2x − 3 y + 1) ( x + y) − 8x + 2 y − 9 = 0 and show that they intersect the
curve again in their points which lie on a straight line. [20 Marks]
122. A thin closed rectangular box is to have one edge n times the length of another edge and the volume of the
box is given to be v . Prove that the least surface s is given by ns3 = 54 ( n + 1) v2
2
[20 Marks]
dn 
() () 
2 2
123. If x + y = 1, Prove that n
( x n yn ) = n !  yn − n yn−1x + n y n −2 x 2 + + ( −1)n x n  [20 Marks]
dx  1 2

x p−1
dx = B ( p, q )

124. Show that 0 (1 + x ) p+q
[20 Marks]

dxdydz 2 x , y, z for which

125. Show that  =
8
Integral being extended over all positive values of
(1 − x 2 − y2 − z 2 )
the expression is real. [20 Marks]
2 2 2 2 2 2 1
126. The ellipse b x + a y = a b is divided into two parts by the line x = a, and the smaller part is rotated
2
3 3  
 
through for right angles about this line. Prove that the volume generated is  a 2b  −  [20 Marks]
 4
 3


1997
d −1
127. Suppose f ( x ) = 17x12 − 124x 9 + 16x 3 − 129x 2 + x − 1 determine ( f ) if x = −1 it exists.
dx
[20 Marks]
128. Prove that the volume of the greatest parallelepiped that can be inscribe in the ellipsoid
x2 y2 z2 8abc
+ + =1 [20 Marks]
a2 b2 c2 3 3
129. Show that the asymptotes of the cut the curve
( x 2 − y2 )( y2 − 4x 2 ) + 6x 3 − 5x 2 y − 3xy2 + zy3 − x 2 + 3xy − 1 = 0 again in eight points which lie on a
circle of radius 1. [20 Marks]
130. An area bounded by a quadrant of a circle of radius a and the tangent at its extremities revolve about one of
the tangents. Find the volume so generated. [20 Marks]
 
− xy sin x
131. Show how the changes of order in the integral   e sin x dxdy leads to the evaluation of  dx
00 0 x
hence evaluate it. [20 Marks]
 1 
132. Show that in n  n +  = 2n −1 2n where n  0 and n denote gamma function. [20 Marks]
 2 2

1996
133. Find the asymptotes of all curves 4( x 4 + y4 ) − 17x 2 y2 − 4x (4 y2 − x 2 ) + 2( x 2 − 2) = 0 and show that
2 2
they pass thought the point of intersection of the curve with the ellipse x + 4 y = 4 . [20 Marks]
134. Show that any continuous function defined for all real x and satisfying the equation f ( x ) = f (2x + 1) for all
x must be a constant function. [20 Marks]

Reputed Institute for Maths Optional of UPSC, IAS, IFoS (IFS), Civil Services and State PCS Exams Page 11
135. Show that the maximum and minimum of the radii vectors of the section of the surface
x2 y2 z2
( x 2 + y2 + z 2 )2 = + + by the plane  x +  y +  z = 0 are given by the equation
a2 b2 c2
a 2 2 b2  2 a2 2
+ + =0. [20 Marks]
1 − a 2r 2 1 − b2r 2 1 − c2r 2
x y z u u u
136. If u = f  , ,  prove that x + y +z =0 [20 Marks]
a b c x y z
  −y
e
137. Evaluate   dxdy . [20 Marks]
00 y
2
138. The area cut off from the parabola y = 4ax by chord joining the vertex to an end of the latus rectum is
rotated though four right angles about the chord. Find the volume of the solid so formed. [20 Marks]

1995
1 3
139. If g is the inverse of f and f '( x ) = 3
prove that g ( x ) = 1 + [ g( x )] [20 Marks]
1+ x
n 2 n2 n2 n2 (n − 1)2
140. Taking the nth derivative of ( x ) in two different ways show that1 + 2 + 2 2 + + ... to
1 1 .2 12.22.32
(2n)!
(n + 1)term = [20 Marks]
(n !)2
141. Let f ( x , y) which possesses continuous partial derivatives of second order be a homogeneous function of x
and y off degree n prove that x 2 fxx + 2xyfxy + y2 fyy = n(n − 1) f . [20 Marks]
 x 2 y2  x 2 y2
142. Find the area bounded by the curve  + = − . [20 Marks]
 4 9  4 9

143. Let f ( x ), x  1 be such that the area bounded by the curve y = f ( x ) and the lines x = 1, x = b is equal to
1 + b2 − 2 for all b  1 . Does f attain its minimum? If so, what is its values? [20 Marks]
1  2 3  n − 1  (2 ) n − 1
144. Show that          ...  = . [20 Marks]
n n n  n  n 2

1994
1 2
(b − a 2 ) if 0  x  a
2
1 2 x 2 a2
145. f ( x ) Is defined as follows: f ( x ) = b − − if a  x  b . Prove that f ( x ) and f '( x ) are
2 6 3x
1  b3 − a3 
  if x  b
3  x 
continuous but f ''( x ) is discontinuous. [20 Marks]

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146. If  and  lie between the least and greatest values of a,b, c prove that
f ( a ) f (b) f (c ) f ( a ) f '( ) f (  )
1
 ( a )  (b)  (c ) = K  ( a )  '( )  (  ) where K = (b − c )(c − a )( a − b) [20 Marks]
2
 ( x )  (b)  (c )  ( x )  '( )  (  )
147. Prove that all rectangular parallelepipeds of same volume, the cube has the least surface [20 Marks]
z
dx 
148. Show that means of beta function that 
1− 
= (0    1) . [20 Marks]
t (z − x ) (x − t) sin 
dxdydz
149. Prove that the value of  taken over the volume bounded by the co-ordinate planes and
( x + y + z + 1)3
1 5
the plane x + y + z = 1 is  log 2 − [20 Marks]
8 
.
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
150. The sphere x + y + z = a is pierced by the cylinder ( x + y ) = a ( x − y ) prove by the cylinder

8a 3  5 4 2 
( x 2 + y2 )2 = a2 ( x 2 − y2 ) is  + =  [20 Marks]
3  4 3 3 

1993
1
151. Prove that f ( x ) = x 2 sin , x  0 and f ( x ) = 0x = 0 for is continuous and differentiable at x = 0 but its
x
derivative is not continuous there. [20 Marks]
152. If f ( x ), ( x ), ( x ) have derivative when a  x  b show that there is a value c of x lying between a and
f (a)  (a)  (a)
b such that f (b)  (b)  (b) = 0 [20 Marks]
f (c )  (c )  (c )
153. Find the triangle of maximum area which can be inscribed in a circle [20 Marks]
   
Prove that  e −ax dx = ( a  0) deduce that 0 x 2n e − x dx =
2 2
154. [1.3.5...(2n − 1)] [20 Marks]
0
2 a 2n +1
 1 
155. Defined Gamma function and prove that n  n +  = 2n −1 2n [20 Marks]
 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
156. Show that volume common to the sphere x + y + z = a and the cylinder x + y = ax is
2a2
(3 − 4) . [20 Marks]
9

1992
157. If y = eax cos bx prove that y2 − 2ay1 + ( a 2 + b2 ) y = 0 and hence expand e2x cos bx in powers of x
Deduce the expansion of eax and cosbx . [20 Marks]
158. If x = r sin  cos  , y = r sin  sin  , z = r cos then prove that
dx 2 + dy2 + dz 2 = dr2 + r2d 2 + r2 sin2  d 2 . [20 Marks]

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 x2 y2 z2
159. Find the dimension of the rectangular parallelepiped inscribed in the ellipsoid + + = 1 that has
a2 b2 c2
greatest volume. [20 Marks]
128a3
160. Prove that the volume enclosed by the cylinders x 2 + y2 = 2ax , z 2 = 2 axis [20 Marks]
15
2
161. Find the centre of gravity of the volume formed by revolving the area bounded by the parabolas y = 4ax
2
and x = 4by about the x-axis [20 Marks]
1
p
162. Evaluate the following integral in terms of Gamma function  (1 + x ) (1 − x )q dx , [ p  −1, q  −1] and
−1
1   2 2
prove that       =  [20 Marks]
3 3 3

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