IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

(3.0 CHrs = 2.0 Th+1.0 Lab)

Dr. Shakil Ahmad

NUST Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE)
In the name of Allah the Most Gracious the Most Merciful School of Civil & Environmental Engineering (SCEE)
National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST)
Islamabad, Pakistan

Course Description
Name: Dr. Shakil Ahmad (Associate Professor) Irrigation Engineering is studying about the technology &
Office: Room No. 113, NIT Building methods behind augmenting the growth of crop. This course is
Office Hrs: Mon – Fri (09:00 – 17:00) designed to give the concepts of canal irrigation system and its
management. Students are also given the concept of canal design,
Contact Hrs: Mon – Fri (16:00 – 17:00) Open Door
regulation, operation, control and flow measurement in an
Policy, or Appointment by Email
irrigation system.
Phone: (051) 90854614
Course Objectives
Email: shakilahmad@nice.nust.edu.pk
1. To understand the irrigation requirements of crops
2. To understand canal irrigation system and design canal
3. To design impervious floor of the weir on permeable foundation
4. To understand canal flow measurement, regulation and operation
 Week
Topics
/Lecture
1 Water Resources of Pakistan
Methods of Irrigation; Water Requirements of Crops,
2–4
Optimization of CWR by Artificial Intelligence (AI)
5–7 Canal Irrigation System & Design of Earthen Canals
8 – 10 Diversion Head Works
11 – 12 Canal Flow Measurements, AI in Flow Metering
13 Cross Drainage Works
14 – 15 Canal Regulation Works
16 Canal Operation, AI in Canal Operation
17 Canal Lining: Modern Concepts
18 End Semester Exam

1. Water Resources of Pakistan 2. Water Requirements of Crops; Methods of Irrigation

◦ Planning & Development of Irrigation Projects ◦ Definition of Irrigation
◦ Domestic, Industrial, Agricultural & Other Water Usages ◦ Need, Importance & Scope of Irrigation
◦ Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) ◦ Types/Methods/Modes of Irrigation
Canal, Lift, Flooding, Sprinkler & Drip Irrigation
◦ Provincial Irrigation Setups
◦ Merits & Demerits of Irrigation
◦ Groundwater Usage for Irrigation
◦ Water Requirement of Crops
◦ Irrigation Efficiencies Crop Period or Base Period
◦ Reservoir Sedimentation Duty & Delta of Crops
◦ Land-use in Pakistan Irrigation Efficiencies
◦ WAPDA’s Water Vision 2025 Consumptive Use of Water or Evapotranspiration
Net Irrigation Requirements
3. Canal Irrigation System & Design of Earthen Canals 4. Diversion Head Works
◦ Alluvial & Non-alluvial Canals ◦ Weir, Barrage & Head Works
◦ Distribution System of Canal Irrigation in Pakistan ◦ Layout of Diversion Head Works
◦ Channel Losses ◦ Components of Diversion Head Works & their Functions
◦ Design of Irrigation Channels ◦ Design of Weirs Components on Permeable Foundations
Kennedy’s & Lacey’s Silt Theories using Established Theories
Comparison of Various Methods Bligh’s Theory
◦ Govt Effort for Improvement of Irrigation System Creep Theory
Lane Weigthed Theory

5. Canal Flow Measurement: Uncertainty and Error 6. Cross Drainage Works

Canal Flow Measurement ◦ Cross Drainage Works
Monitoring of Flows-Telemetry System ◦ Types & Functions
Precision & Accuracy
Uncertainty
Errors
Types of Errors
◦ Spurious Errors
◦ Random Errors
◦ Systematic Errors
7. Canal Regulation Works 8. Canal Operation
◦ Canal Head Regulator o Scheduled/Routine/Emergency Operations
◦ Cross Head Regulator o Types of Operations
◦ Measures Adopted to Control Silt Entry into Canals • Rotational
Silt Ejectors & Excluders • Open Access
◦ Canal Drops/Falls • Arranged Demand
◦ Flumes o Water Service Distribution
◦ Canal Outlets
◦ Maintenance of Irrigation Canals

9. Canal Lining: Modern Concepts No. Practicals

◦ Causes & Effects of Water Logging 1 Characteristics of Flow over Sharp Cornered Broad Crested Weir
Characteristics of Flow over Round Cornered (Streamlined) Broad Crested
◦ Modern Concepts in Canal Lining 2
Weir
3 Characteristics of Flow over Crump Weir
4 Sluice Gate: Under Free Flow Condition Assess Q(H) & Compare with Qin
Sluice Gate: Under Submerged Condition Assess Q(H Upstream, H
5
Downstream) & Compare with Qin
6 Flow Measurements in Parshall Flume Q(H) & Comparison with Qin
7 Flow Measurements in Venturi Flume Q(H) & Comparison with Qin
8 Flow Measurements in WSC Flume Q(H) & Comparison with Qin
9 Characteristics of Flow over Gravel Bed
10 Characteristics of Flow over Corrugated Bed
11 WINFLUME: Getting Familiar with the Software
12 Design of Long-Throated Flume using WINFLUME
 1. Punmia B.C. , “Irrigation & Water Power Engineering”, 1. Santosh Kumar Garg, “Irrigation Engineering & Hydraulic Structures”,
Khanna Publishers, Dehli
Standard Publishers, Delhi
2. R.K. Sharma & T.K. Sharma, “Irrigation Engineering”, S. Chand &
2. Iqbal Ali, “Irrigation & Hydraulic Structures (Theory, Design & Company, New Delhi
Practice)”, Allied Book Company, Lahore 3. Asawa G.L., “Irrigation Engineering”, New Age International Publishers
4. Basak N.N., “Irrigation Engineering”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
New Delhi
5. Dilip Kumar Majumdar, “Irrigation Water Management (Principles &
Practices)”, Prentice Hall of India, Ltd
6. Gupta B.L. & Amir Gupta, “Irrigation Engineering”, Satya Praheshan,
New Delhi
7. Michael A.M., “Irrigation Theory & Practical”, Vikas Publishing Pvt Ltd
8. MASSCOTE FAO 63
9. Many more

Taxonomy
Nature of Examinations /
S.No CLO Domain PLO Instructions Weightage (%)
Level Assessments
1. Theoretical
Assignments 5-10%
Apply established silt theories to design
1 Cognitive 3 2 Quizzes 10-15%
canal 66.67%
Mid Semester Exam (MSE) 25-35%
Apply established theories to design End Semester Exam (ESE) 40-50%
2 impermeable floor of the weir on Cognitive 3 2
2. Practical Work
permeable foundation
Practice flow measurements using Laboratory Attendance 20%
3 Psychomotor 3 -
various models of hydraulic structures Laboratory Report 20%
Lab Work 33.33%
Laboratory Quizzes 30%
Lab Exam Laboratory Rubrics 30%
Cognitive Psychomotor
Total 100%

Spreadsheet Rubrics