MACHINE LEARNING APPLIED TO RETINAL

IMAGE PROCESSING FOR GLAUCOMA

DETECTION

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
Nitish Kumar Singh(23BCS12331)
Kaushik Prakash Dey(23BCS12739)
Aman Kumar Jha(23BCS12840)
Sahil Samal(23BCS12495)

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

Bachelors of Engineering
IN
Computer Science with specialization in Artificial Intelligence

Chandigarh University
February - June 2024
CHAPTER 1.

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 11

SNO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

1. IDENTIFICATION OF CLIENT

2. IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEM

3. IDENTIFICATION OF TASK

4. TIMELINE

5. ORGANISATION OF REPORT
List of Tables

Table 3.1………………………………………………………………………………….

Table3.2………………………………………………………………………………….

Table3.3 …………………………………………………………………………….……
List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Gantt Chart of Project Timeline

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Identification of Client /Need / Relevant Contemporary issue

Glaucoma, a prevalent eye disease, poses a significant threat to vision health worldwide. The early
detection and management of glaucoma are crucial to preventing irreversible vision loss. In recent
years, the integration of machine learning models into healthcare systems has shown promising
results for early diagnosis and effective management of various medical conditions, including
glaucoma.

The urgency to develop an efficient glaucoma detection system is driven by several factors,
including:

 Prevalence of Glaucoma: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally,

affecting millions of individuals. Early detection is essential for timely intervention and
preventing further vision impairment.

 Technological Advancements: The advancements in machine learning algorithms and

computer vision techniques provide an opportunity to create accurate and efficient models
for glaucoma detection, improving diagnostic capabilities beyond traditional methods.

 Clinical Challenges: Traditional methods of glaucoma detection often rely on subjective

assessments, leading to challenges in consistent and early identification. Machine learning
models offer the potential for more objective and reliable diagnostic outcomes.

 Public Health Impact: The socio-economic impact of untreated glaucoma is substantial,

with implications for healthcare systems and the quality of life for affected individuals.
Developing an effective glaucoma detection model aligns with broader public health goals.

A glaucoma detection system may be sought for various reasons by different stakeholders:

 Clinical Efficiency: Healthcare professionals can benefit from a reliable glaucoma

detection model, streamlining the diagnostic process and enabling early intervention to
preserve patients' vision. A glaucoma detection model aids in efficient patient care, enabling
timely diagnosis and personalized treatment plans.

 Public Health Initiatives: Governments and public health agencies may leverage glaucoma
detection models to implement targeted screening programs, reducing the overall burden of
vision impairment within the population.

 Research and Development: Researchers in the field of ophthalmology can use machine
learning models for glaucoma detection to advance our understanding of the disease,
contributing to the development of more effective treatment strategies. The integration of
machine learning into glaucoma research facilitates the exploration of new diagnostic
markers and treatment modalities, contributing to advancements in the field.

The development and implementation of a robust glaucoma detection model align with the broader
goals of improving eye health, reducing vision loss, and enhancing overall healthcare efficiency.
 1.2. Identification of Problem

Glaucoma is an optic nerve disease that can also be caused by Diabetes due to the increase in the
intraocular pressure. When the disease is not detected in time, it can cause severe vision loss.
Through the use of artificial intelligence this process can be automated. In order to reach as many
people as possible, mobile technologies can be used for where ophthalmologists are scarce.

The core problem revolves around the development of a robust and accurate model capable of
identifying early signs of glaucoma in patients. The problem statement for the glaucoma detection
project is to create a machine learning model that can effectively predict the likelihood of glaucoma
based on various ocular features and diagnostic data.
1.3. Identification of Tasks

• Dataset Collection: The goal of dataset collection is to obtain a comprehensive and

representative set of data that can be used to draw conclusions, make predictions, or
develop machine learning models. The dataset will include historical records of glaucoma
diagnosis and progression.

• Processing the Dataset: The data collected will be used to draw various insights and be
used to forecast the energy consumption for the upcoming years. So, the data will be
processed and formatted in a way so as it is possible to achieve the desired output. Different
methods will be created to do so.

• Literature Review: The next objective is to passthe dataset to different machine learning
algorithms. Then compare the different machine learning algorithms based on the output
generated by them. The factors to be used for comparing the models would be accuracy
and recall value.

• Problem Formulation: After formatting the data various graphical insights will be drawn
from the dataset. The insights can include energy consumption in different seasons,
different months, etc. Confusion Matrix and similar insights will also be created to make
the visualization of the model easier.

• Selecting the suitable ML model: After comparing all the models a prediction model will
be chosen with best accuracy which will help to forecast energy consumption in the
upcoming years. These predictions can be used to reduce energy costs and for other
purposes by the organization.

• Testing and training the dataset: The model will be tested and trained on the collected
dataset. Various parameters will be used to further increase the model accuracy.
 1.4. Timeline

Figure 1.1

1.5. Organization of the Report

Chapter 1 Problem Identification: This chapter introduces the project and describes the problem
statement discussed earlier in the report.
Chapter 2 Literature Review: This chapter prevents review for various research papers which
help us to understand the problem in a better way. It also defines what has been done to already
solve the problem and what can be further done.
Chapter 3 Design Flow/ Process: This chapter presents the need and significance of the proposed
work based on literature review. Proposed objectives and methodology are explained. This
presents the relevance of the problem. It also represents logical and schematic plan to resolve the
research problem.
Chapter 4 Result Analysis and Validation: This chapter explains various performance
parameters used in implementation. Experimental results are shown in this chapter. It explains the
meaning of the results and why they matter.
Chapter 5 Conclusion and future scope: This chapter concludes the results and explain the best
method to perform this research to get the best results and define the future scope of study that
explains the extent to which the research area will be explored in the work.

Team Roles
Member Name UID Roles

Nitish Kumar Singh 23BCS12331 • COLLECTION AND MAKING

OF THE DATASET

• CLUSTERING AND
DISTRIBUTION OF THE
DATASET.

• VISUALISATION OF THE
DATASET

Kaushik Prakash Dey 23BCS12739 • COLLECTION OF DATASET

• VISUALISATION OF THE
DATASET

• TESTING AND TRAINING OF

THE DATASET

Aman Kumar Jha 23BCS12840 • ANALYSING THE DATASET

• APPLYING ALGORITHMS IN
THE DATASET

• SCRAPPING THE DATASET

Sahil Samal 23BCS12495 • CLASSIFICATION

DATASET
OF

• SEARCHING OF
ALGORITHMS

• TESTING TRAINING OF
DATASET