10/25/2015 Aam Aadmi Party ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Aam Aadmi Party

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the unrelated Pakistani political party with the same name, see Aam Aadmi Party (Pakistan).

Aam Aadmi Party (translation: Common Man's Party;

abbreviated as AAP) is an Indian political party, formally Aam Aadmi Party
launched on 26 November 2012 and is currently the AAP
ruling party of Delhi. It came into existence following
differences between the activists Arvind Kejriwal and
Anna Hazare regarding whether or not to politicise the
popular India Against Corruption movement that had
been demanding a Jan Lokpal Bill since 2011. Hazare
preferred that the movement should remain politically
unaligned while Kejriwal felt the failure of the agitation
route necessitated a direct political involvement.

The party made its electoral debut in the 2013 Delhi Leader Arvind Kejriwal
legislative assembly election, where it emerged as the Founder India Against Corruption
second­largest party, winning 28 of the 70 seats. With no Volunteers
party obtaining an overall majority, the AAP formed a Founded 26 November 2012
minority government with conditional support from the Headquarters Ground Floor, A­119,
Indian National Congress. A significant part of its agenda Kaushambi (NCR),
was to quickly introduce the Jan Lokpal bill in the Union Ghaziabad­ 201010
Territory. When it became clear after the election that the
Newspaper Aap Ki Kranti[1]
other major parties would not support this bill, the AAP
government resigned. It had been in power for 49 days. Student wing Chhatra Yuva Sangharsh
Samiti (CYSS)[2]
In the 2015 Delhi Legislative Assembly election, AAP Youth wing Aam Aadmi Party Youth
won 67 of the 70 seats available. Its chief opponent, the
Wing[3]
Bhartiya Janta Party, was reduced to three seats, while
Women's wing AAP Ki Mahila Shakti[4]
the Indian National Congress was reduced to zero.[6]
Peasant's wing Kisan Kranti Manch
Ideology Swaraj
Contents Anti­corruption
Political position Centre­left[5]
1 Background Colours Green
2 Ideology and issues ECI Status State party
3 Agenda
4 Support National convener Arvind Kejriwal
5 Protests Seats in 4 / 545
6 Delhi Assembly election, 2013 Lok Sabha
6.1 Election Results (currently 542 members + 1
7 Government of Delhi Speaker)
8 General election, 2014 Seats in 0 / 245
9 Delhi Assembly election, 2015 Rajya Sabha
10 Other elections (currently 244 members)
10.1 Kerala ward elections
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10.1 Kerala ward elections Seats in the Delhi 67 / 70

11 Controversies Legislative
12 See also Assembly
13 References
Website
14 External links
www.aamaadmiparty.org
(http://www.aamaadmiparty.org)

Background Politics of India

Political parties
Elections
The AAP has its origins in the India Against Corruption
movement organised by Anna Hazare, Arvind Kejriwal
and some other social activists who had been involved in Team Anna, a strand of the anti­corruption
movement for a Jan Lokpal Bill that had gained momentum in India during 2011 and 2012.[7] Hazare had
wanted to keep the movement politically neutral but Kejriwal considered that direct involvement in politics
was necessary because attempts to obtain progress regarding the Jan Lokpal Bill through talks with existing
political parties had, in his opinion, achieved nothing. A survey conducted on a Facebook page that
purported to be operated by India Against Corruption[8] and other social networking services had indicated
that there was wide support for politicisation.[9][10] Hazare rejected the poll, saying "elections require huge
funds, which will be tough for activists to organise without compromising on their values". He also said it
would be difficult to ensure that candidates are not corrupted once elected.[11][12]

Hazare and Kejriwal agreed on 19 September 2012 that their

differences regarding a role in politics were irreconcilable. Kejriwal
had support from some anti­corruption movement activists, such as
Prashant Bhushan and Shanti Bhushan, but was opposed by others
such as Kiran Bedi and Santosh Hegde. On 2 October,[13] Kejriwal
announced that he was forming a political party and that he intended
the formal launch to be on 26 November, coinciding with the
anniversary of India's adoption of its constitution in 1949.[9][10]
Arvind Kejriwal in the IAC
The party's name reflects the phrase Aam Aadmi, or "common movement
man", whose interests Kejriwal proposed to represent. A party
constitution was adopted on 24 November 2012, when a National
Council comprising 320 people and a National Executive of 23 were
also formed. Both the Council and the Executive were expected to
have more members in due course, with the intention being that all
districts and all classes of people would have a voice.[10] Various
committees were proposed to be formed to draft proposals for
adoption by the party in a process that was expected to take several
months. Although one aim was to limit nepotism, there were
complaints at this initial meeting that the selection of people invited
to attend was itself an example of such practices[14] The party was
Manish sisodia and Kumar Vishwas
formally launched in Delhi on 26 November[15] and in March 2013 seen with Anna Hazare in the India
it was registered as a political party by the Election Commission of Against Corruption Movement
India.[16][a]

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Ideology and issues

The AAP says that the promise of equality and justice that forms a part of the constitution of India and of its
preamble has not been fulfilled and that the independence of India has replaced enslavement to an
oppressive foreign power with that to a political elite. The party claims that the common people of India
remain unheard and unseen except when it suits the politicians. It wants to reverse the way that the
accountability of government operates and has taken an interpretation of the Gandhian concept of swaraj as
a tenet. It believes that through swaraj the government will be directly accountable to the people instead of
higher officials. The swaraj model lays stress on self­governance, community building and
decentralisation.[18][19]

Kejriwal has said that the AAP refuses to be guided by ideologies and that they are entering politics to
change the system, Kejriwal said "We are aam aadmis. If we find our solution in the left we are happy to
borrow it from there. If we find our solution in the right, we are happy to borrow it from there."[20]

In early 2014, there was some media speculation that an alliance might form between the AAP and
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPIM). Prakash Karat, the CPIM leader, thought that there were some
ideological similarities between the two parties, such as their agendas relating to social justice and
decentralisation of power. The AAP's Prashant Bhushan explicitly refuted any joining of forces, claiming
that there was corruption within the CPIM.[21][22] A columnist, T. C. A. Srinivasa Raghavan, has said that
AAP is right­wing when it comes to morality and left­wing when it comes to economics.[23]

Agenda
As of November 2013, the AAP was proposing to introduce four primary policies:[24]

Jan Lokpal legislation.

Political decentralisation.
Right to Reject.[b]
Right to Recall.

Support
On 26 November 2012, the formal launch day of the AAP, the former law minister, Shanti Bhushan,
donated ₹10 million (US$150,000). Prashant Bhushan, his son, was a member of the party's National
Executive Committee.[27]

On 18 May 2013, a group of Indian­Americans from 20 different cities in the USA held a convention in
Chicago and extended support to the AAP. The convention was attended by two AAP leaders, Kumar
Vishwas and Yogendra Yadav, and Kejriwal addressed it via video conferencing.[28] Aruna Roy and Medha
Patkar, who had differences with Kejriwal on certain issues, supported him after his 15­day fast against
inflated electricity bills.[29]

On 22 March 2014, the Janata Dal (Secular) party of Delhi announced it would merge with the Aam Aadmi
Party, citing Arvind Kejriwal's tenure as Chief Minister of Delhi.[30]
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Protests
On 23 March 2013, Kejriwal began an indefinite fast in an attempt to mobilise people against inflated
power and electricity bills at a house in Sundar Nagri, a low­income group resettlement colony in North­
East Delhi.[31] During the protest he urged Delhi citizens not to pay the "inflated" water and electricity
bills.[32] The AAP also demanded an audit of power and electricity supply in Delhi by the Comptroller and
Auditor General of India also supported by Civil Society Groups like National Alliance of People’s
Movement (NAPM).[33] The AAP claimed that the protest gathered support from 100,000 people in Delhi
on a single day and from more than 300,000 people up to 28 March 2013.[34] Anna Hazare urged Kejriwal
to end the fast on 29 March and he did so on 6 April.[29]

On 10 June 2013, Kejriwal supported the agitation by Delhi auto rickshaw drivers, who were protesting the
Delhi government's ban on advertisements on auto rickshaws. Kejriwal claimed the government's ban was
because the drivers supported his party and carried AAP's advertisements on their vehicles. He said that the
AAP would put 10,000 advertisements on auto rickshaws as a protest.[35] In retrospect, after Kejriwal had
been elected and then resigned his position, a union representing the drivers expressed dissatisfaction
saying "Arvind Kejriwal, who had won the elections because of the support of the auto drivers, has betrayed
them by not fulfilling any of the promises made before the elections".[36]

On 22 April 2015, AAP organised a rally in Delhi against land acquisition bill.[37]

Delhi Assembly election, 2013

Main article: Delhi Legislative Assembly election, 2013

The 2013 Delhi state assembly elections were the party's first electoral contest. The Election Commission
approved the symbol of a "broom" for use by the AAP in that campaign.[38] The party said that its
candidates were honest and had been screened for potential criminal backgrounds.[39] The AAP published
its central manifesto on 20 November 2013, promising to implement the Jan Lokpal Bill within 15 days of
coming to power.[40]

In November 2013, a sting operation conducted by Media Sarkar, alleged that several leaders of AAP,
including Kumar Vishwas and Shazia Ilmi had agreed to extend their support to some people seeking
assistance with land deals and other financial arrangements in return for donations in cash to AAP.[41] Ilmi
offered to withdraw her candidature as a result but the party refused to accept her offer, describing the
footage as fabricated and a violation of the Model Code of Conduct.[42] The Election Commission ordered
an inquiry regarding the legitimacy of the video.[43]

AAP emerged as the second­largest party in Delhi winning 28 of the 70 Assembly seats; the Bharatiya
Janata Party as the single­largest party won 31 while its ally Shiromani Akali Dal won 1, Indian National
Congress won 8 and two were won by others.[44][45] On 28 December 2013, the AAP formed a minority
government in the hung Assembly, with what Sheila Dikshit describes as "not unconditional" support from
Indian National Congress.[46] Arvind Kejriwal became the second­youngest Chief Minister of Delhi.[47] As
a result of the Delhi elections, AAP became a recognised state party in Delhi.[48]
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Election Results

Delhi Assembly Elections

Election year # of total votes % of overall vote # of seats
28 / 70
2013 23,22,330 29.49%

67 / 70
2015 48,79,127 54.3%

Government of Delhi
After coming to power in Delhi, Arvind Kejriwal announced reduction in electricity bills for up to 400
units, driven by subsidy. He also ordered an audit of power distribution companies. The AAP government
also announced that the homes with metered connections will receive 20 kilolitres of free water per month,
but will have to pay 10 per cent more if they exceed that limit. The government scrapped Foreign Direct
Investment in multi­brand retail, thus preventing development by international businesses such as Tesco
and Walmart. It established an anti­graft helpline for the citizens to report corrupt officials.[49]

The government's plan to conduct Janata Durbars (public hearings with ministers) were abandoned due to
mismanagement. Vinod Kumar Binny, an AAP Member of the Legislative Assembly was expelled after
rebelling against the party.[49]

On 20 January 2014, Kejriwal and his ministers staged protests at Rail Bhavan against the Union
Government Home Ministry. These came after his Law Minister, Somnath Bharti, had been dissatisfied
with the response from the Delhi police to allegations relating to a neighbourhood popular with immigrants
from Uganda and Nigeria. Kejriwal was demanding that the police should come under direct control of the
Delhi government and that officers who had refused to do as Bharti had requested should be suspended. He
said that the protest will not hamper his work as he had brought along files and would carry on working
from the venue of the protest.[50] He later claimed that it was the first time in Indian political history that a
Chief Minister had protested on the streets to raise his Government's demands for a fair inquiry. After two
days, he ended his fast when the Lieutenant Governor, Najeeb Jung, intervened by sending on leave two of
the policemen involved and setting up a judicial enquiry.[51][52]

Also in January 2014, the party's office in Ghaziabad was attacked by right­wing activists protesting against
Prashant Bhushan, who has expressed a personal opinion against the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act in
Jammu & Kashmir by talking of a referendum in that state to decide whether the people want the army to
handle internal security. This caused the AAP to determine that its prominent members would in future
refrain from expressing opinions on anything that was not agreed by a broad consensus within the party.[53]

Financial support for the party from non­resident Indians have halved while it has been in government,
possibly reflecting disenchantment. It has also admitted that its systems may have significantly overstated
members introduced through a nationwide recruitment campaign that was affected by hoaxers.[49]

In February 2014, the AAP tried to introduce a Jan Lokpal Bill in the Delhi Assembly, However, Jung said
that the AAP government tabling the bill without his agreement would be "unconstitutional" because the
correct procedures for introduction had not been followed. This view was supported by Congress and the
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BJP, and Jung advised the Assembly Speaker not to allow the tabling.[54] The AAP government stated that
it was following all the procedures and there was no need to obtain prior approval from the centre or Lt
Governor to table the bill, and tried to table the bill. When BJP and INC blocked the introduction of the bill,
the AAP government resigned and Delhi was placed under President's rule instead.[55] Kejriwal alleged that
there was a nexus among Congress, BJP and the industrialist Mukesh Ambani, and the two parties had
"ganged up" against AAP after it filed an First Information Report against Ambani.[56] In March, the party
declared that it would seek re­election.[57]

General election, 2014

Main article: Indian general election, 2014

The party fielded 434 candidates in the 2014 Indian general election, in which it did not expect to do well.
It recognised that its support was based primarily in urban areas and that different strategies might be
required for regions such as Uttar Pradesh where caste­based politics are the norm. The party pointed out
that its funding was limited and that there were too many demands for local visits from Kejriwal. The
intention was to field a lot of candidates to maximise the likelihood that it could achieve official recognition
by the ECI as a national party.[58][59] The outcome was that four AAP candidates were elected, all of whom
were from Punjab.[60] As a result of the performance in these elections, AAP became a recognized state
party in Punjab.[61] The party obtained 2% of all votes cast and 414 of its candidates forfeited their deposit
by failing to secure one­sixth of the vote in their constituencies.[62] Although the party secured 32.9 per cent
of the votes in Delhi, it failed to win any seats there.[63]

Immediately after elections, Shazia Ilmi (a founder and PAC member) resigned from party, alleging that the
party was being run by a coterie and lacked internal democracy.[64][65]

The criticism of Arvind Kejriwal's style of leadership continued with National Executive member Yogendra
Yadav's writing a letter to his party members, charging his party members to be "falling prey to personality
cult”.[66] He said:

“Let me reiterate that Arvind bhai is no ordinary leader and there are no two opinions about his
continuing as the national convener; nor have I ever doubted his status as first among equals
within the party’s leadership. The real question is whether there are limits to personal
discretion of the leader.”

After the National Executive meet on 8 June, party and Arvind Kejriwal acknowledged these differences
and announced launch of "Mission Vistar" (Mission Expand) to include more people in local as well as
national decision making.[67]

Delhi Assembly election, 2015

Main article: Delhi Legislative Assembly election, 2015

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The Delhi state assembly elections for the Sixth Legislative Assembly
of Delhi were held on 7 February 2015 as declared by Election
Commission of India.[68] The Aam Aadmi Party scored a landslide
victory by winning 67 of the 70 seats. The BJP was able to win only
three seats and the Congress party drew a blank, with all its candidates
defeated. Arvind Kejriwal became the Chief Minister for the second
time.[69] AAP had started campaigning in Delhi right from November
2014 and declared candidates for all 70 seats inducting new faces for as
many as 27 candidates.[70] AAP convener Arvind Kejriwal was the
chief minister candidate and successfully contested elections from the
New Delhi seat again.[71]
Vote Share of different parties
Arvind Kejriwal had declared the election as a straight fight between in the election.
AAP and the Bharatiya Janata Party because according to him the
Indian National Congress seemed to had lost its presence.[72] BJP Aam Aadmi Party (53.4%)
declared former IPS officer and India Against Corruption activist Kiran BJP (32.2%)
Bedi as its chief ministerial candidate [73] who, according to Shanti INC (9.7%)
Bhushan, one of the founding members of Aam Aadmi Party, was the BSP (1.3%)
biggest challenge for Arvind Kejriwal.[74]
INLD (0.6%)
Kejriwal's statement "Paise lekar sting kar lo" created controversies by IND (0.5%)
asking volunteers to take bribes from other parties and do a sting. Shiromani Akali Dal (0.5%)
Kejriwal claimed that BJP had been trying to bribe AAP volunteers.[75] NOTA (0.4%)
The situation rose The Election Commission of India, which issued
notice to Kejriwal to desist from breaking the laws governing the Other (1.4%)

model code of conduct for elections in India.[76] The Delhi court finally
allowed Kejriwal to put forth his plea on the matter.[77]

AAP released its "70­point Action Plan" manifesto on 31 January 2015, a week before the election.[78] The
party secured an absolute majority in the assembly, winning 67 of the 70 seats; its chief opponent, the
Bhartiya Janta Party, won 3 seats and the Indian National Congress won none.[6] The President Rule was
subsequently rescinded and Arvind Kejriwal became the Chief Minister of Delhi with six Cabinet Ministers
(Manish Sisodia, Asim Ahmed Khan, Sandeep Kumar, Satyendar Jain, Gopal Rai and Jitender Singh
Tomar)[79][80]

Other elections
Kerala ward elections

In May 2015, the AAP won a seat in the municipal bye­election from Cherthalai­Arthungal in Alappuzha
district of Kerala. The AAP candidate, Tomi Ellessery, defeated the CPM candidate by 3 votes.[81]

Controversies

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Major differences surfaced within the party leadership soon after the party's thumping victory in the Delhi
Assembly Elections of 2015. It created deep fissures between the founding members who were together in
the party since its pre inception days when they had unitedly championed the India Against corruption
movement. The entire episode first began in February 2015 when Yogendra Yadav and Prashanth Bhushan
wrote a joint letter to National Executive highlighting Aravind Kejriwals unilateral decision making
approach which they alleged had compromised the party's core principles of Swaraj.[82] Issues like lack of
inner party democracy and gender inequalities were brought out in the letter.[83] After continued allegations,
counter allegations and several failed attempts of reconciliation between the two sides, Yogendra Yadav
and Prashanth Bhushan were first removed from PAC and later from the national executive after the partys
national council passed a resolution to expel them for their alleged anti­party activities.[84][85][86] Yadav and
Bhushan accused the party for murdering the democracy and resorting to intimidation and hooliganism at
the meeting.[87][88] However Kejriwal and party leaders refuted the charges made by Yadav and
Bhushan.Eventually in April 2015 Yogendra Yadav, Prashant Bhushan, Anand Kumar and Ajit Jha were
removed from the party.[89]

Jitender Singh Tomar, the then law minister of Aam Aadmi Party government led by Arvind Kejriwal was
controversially arrested on June 9, 2015 by Delhi Police on an FIR filed following the complaints of the Bar
Council of Delhi that the Degree Certificates submitted by Jitender Singh Tomar were forged.[90] Jitendra
Singh Tomar subsequently resigned after being remanded to judicial custody.[91] Aam Aadmi Party and
Arvind Kejriwal had earlier defended Jitender Singh Tomar over the alleged forged certificates.[92]

See also
Swaraj (book)
Fifth Legislative Assembly of Delhi
Sixth Legislative Assembly of Delhi
List of recognised political parties in India
Aam Aadmi Party (Pakistan)

References
Notes

a. The Election Commission of India gazetted the AAP as a "registered unrecognised party" on 9 April 2013.[17]
b. There is confusion in India between the terms "right to reject" (RTR) and "none of the above" (NOTA), with
media sources frequently using them synonymously. The Supreme Court of India ruling in September 2013 that a
NOTA option must be implemented does not affect the AAP agenda for RTR. Votes registered as NOTA will
simply not count towards an election outcome,[25] whereas the AAP's RTR concept is intended to allow a
situation whereby if sufficient people vote to reject then the election is voided and a new election would be
held.[26]

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