A

SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT

ON “Evaluation of Recruitment and Selection process”

(Submitted in partial fulfilment of Summer Training Project for MBA course)

DR. APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Akanksha Singh
2211310700034
Mohd Azharuddin Mussayib
(Assistant professor)

ALLENHOUSE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

(2022-2024)

i
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that “RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION” is the result of the project
work carried out by me under the guidance of Assistant Prof. Mohd Azharuddin
Mussayib in partial fulfilment for the award of Master’s Degree in Business
Administration by ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY.

I also declare that this project is the outcome of my own efforts and that it has not been
submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any other degree or
Diploma or Certificate.

Akanksha Singh
MBA 2nd year
3rd Semester

ii
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report titled “RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION” being
submitted by Akanksha Singh in partial fulfilment of the requirements for
the award of the Degree of Master of Business Administration, is a bonafide
record of the project work done by Akanksha Singh, 2211310700034
MBA 3rd Semester, Allenhouse Institute of Management.

Mohd Azharuddin Mussayib

Assistant Professor

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I would like to thank ALLENHOUSE INSTITUTE OF

MANAGEMENT for giving me the platform to work with such a prestigious
company in the HR sector. I am thankful to my faculty guide Mohd Azharuddin
Mussayib Assistant Professor and for providing me help and support throughout the
Project Report period who helped, inspired and mentored me and without their help this
project report would not have taken its current shape. Under their brilliant untiring
guidance. I could complete the project being undertaken on the “RECRUITMENT
AND SELECTION PROCESS” successfully in time. Their meticulous attention and
invaluable suggestions have helped me in simplifying the problem involved in the work.
I would also like to thank the overwhelming support of all the people who gave me an
opportunity to learn and gain knowledge about the various aspects of the industry.

I once again express my heartfelt in debt to all-aforesaid. Any omission or error in

acknowledgment is inadvertent. For such oversights and lapses, I tender unconditional
apology.

Akanksha Singh

iv
 PREFACE

Human resource is an important corporate asset and the overall performance of company
depends on the way it is put to use. In order to realize company objectives, it is essential
to recruit people with requisite skills, qualification and experience. While doing so we
need to keep present and future requirements of company in mind.
Successful recruitment methods include a thorough analysis of the job and the labour
market conditions. Recruitment is almost central to any management process and failure
in recruitment can create difficulties for any company including an adverse effect on its
profitability and inappropriate levels of staffing or skills. Inadequate recruitment can lead
to labour shortages, or problems in management decision making.
Recruitment is however not just a simple selection process but also requires management
decision making and extensive planning to employ the most suitable manpower.
Competition among business organisations for recruiting the best potential has increased
focus on innovation, and management decision making and the selectors aim to recruit
only the best candidates who would suit the corporate culture, ethics and climate specific
to the organisation.

The process of recruitment does not however end with application and selection of the
right people but involves maintaining and retaining the employees chosen. Despite of
well-drawn plan on recruitment and selection and involvement of qualified
management team, recruitment processes followed by companies can face
significant obstacles in implementation. Theories of HRM may provide insights on the
best approaches to recruitment although companies will have to use their inhouse
management skills to apply generic theories within specific organizational contexts

v
INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE

vi
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Bharti Airtel Limited (Bharti Airtel or ‘the Company’) (formerly Bharti Tele- Ventures Limited

- BTVL) was incorporated on July 7, 1995 under the laws of India for promoting investments

in telecommunication services. Bharti Airtel together with its subsidiaries is here in after

referred to as ‘the Group’. The Group is a leading telecommunication service provider in India.

The Groups principal shareholders include Bharti Telecom Limited, Singapore

Telecommunication International Pvt. Limited and Vodafone International Holdings By. The

shares of the Company are listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the Mumbai Stock

Exchange (BSE), India. With effect from April 24, 2006, the name of the Company has been

changed from Bharti Tele-Ventures Limited (BTVL) to Bharti Airtel Limited (Bharti Airtel).

Bharti Airtel Limited, commonly known as Airtel, is an Indian telecommunications company

that operates in 20 countries across South Asia, Africa and the Channel Islands. It operates a

GSM network in all countries, providing 2G or 3G services depending upon the country of

operation. Airtel is the fifth largest telecom operator in the world with about 230.8 million

subscribers across 19 countries at the end of June 2011. It is the largest cellular service provider

in India, with over 169.18 million subscribers as of June 2011.Airtel is the 3rd largest in-

country mobile operator by subscriber base, behind China Mobile and China Unicom

vii
 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER TITTLE PAGE

NO.
CHAPTER 1 Introduction of the Industry

CHAPTER 2 Introduction of the Company

CHAPTER 3 Introduction of the

Department of Organization
under study
CHAPTER 4 Literature Review
CHAPTER 5 Research Methodology

CHAPTER 6 Data Interpretation and Findings

CHAPTER 7 Conclusions & Recommendations

CHAPTER 8 Limitations of the Study

ANNEXURE
a. Questionnaire
b. Tables & schedules collected
c. References (including
bibliography &
webliography)

viii
 CHAPTER 1

Introduction of the Industry

1
TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY

Currently, India is the world’s second-largest telecommunications market with a total

telephone subscriber base of 1,173.89 million in June 2023 and has registered strong growth in

the last decade. The Indian mobile economy is growing rapidly and will contribute substantially

to India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) according to a report prepared by GSM Association

(GSMA) in collaboration with Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In 2019, India surpassed the

US to become the second-largest market in terms of the number of app downloads.

The liberal and reformist policies of the Government of India have been instrumental along

with strong consumer demand in the rapid growth of the Indian telecom sector. The

Government has enabled easy market access to telecom equipment and a fair and proactive

regulatory framework, that has ensured the availability of telecom services to consumers at

affordable prices. The deregulation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) norms have made the

sector one of the fastest-growing and the top five employment opportunity generator in the

country.

2
MARKET SIZE

India is the world’s second-largest telecommunications market. The total subscriber base,

wireless subscriptions as well as wired broadband subscriptions have grown consistently Tele-

density stood at 84.43%, as of June 2023, total broadband subscriptions grew to 861.47 million

until June 2023.

During FY23, the gross revenue from the telecom sector stood at Rs. 3.1 lakh crore (US$ 37.33

billion).

The aggregated data consumed as of December 31, 2022, was 14,024,519 GB. Total volume

of wireless data usage increased by more than 7 folds from 4206 petabytes in Q1, FY18 to

32397 petabytes in Q1, FY22. The contribution of 2G, 3G and 4G data usage to the total volume

of wireless data usage was at 0.14%, 0.93% and 98.93%.

3
The total number of internet subscribers reached 865.90 million in October-December 2022.

The wireless segment accounted for 96.25% (i.e. 833.49 million) of the total telephone

subscriptions In December 2022. The number of internet subscribers during FY23 stood at

881.25 million.

Over the next five years, rise in mobile-phone penetration and decline in data costs will add

500 million new internet users in India, creating opportunities for new businesses.

By 2025, India will need ~22 million skilled workers in 5G-centric technologies such as

Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), robotics and cloud computing.

4
INVESTMENT/MAJOR DEVELOPMENT

With daily increasing subscriber base, there have been a lot of investment and development in

the sector. FDI inflow in the telecom sector stood at US$ 39.27 billion between April 2000-

June 2023.

Some of the developments in the recent past are:

 As of March 2023, Jio partners with EESL to provide 1 million smart prepaid meters

in Bihar.

 In May 2023, STT GDC invested US$ 242.33 million (Rs. 2,000 crore) in two more

data centres in Pune.

 As of March 2023, the wireless subscriber base of Jio stood at 430.23 million, followed

by Bharti Airtel (235.78 million), Vodafone Idea 124.82 million, BSNL 21.77 million

and Intech Online Pvt. Ltd. 0.23 million.

 Total broadband subscriptions in the country grew from 149.75 million in FY16 to

846.57 million in FY23 (April-March). The number of wired broadband subscriptions

stood at 33.49 million in FY23 (Until March 2023). Wireless broadband subscribers

stood at 813.08 million in FY23. As of June 2023, the top five service providers were

as follows: Reliance Jio Infocom Ltd stood at 438.58 million, followed by Bharti Airtel

(241.52 million), Vodafone Idea (124.89 million), and BSNL (20.93 million).

 As per TRAI, average wireless data usage per wireless data subscriber was 17.11 GB

per month in December 2022 from 61.66 MB in March 2014.

5
 The aggregated data consumed as on 31st December 2022 was 14,024,519 GB. The

total wireless data usage in India grew at a rate of 0.96% from 40,126 PB in September

2022 to 40,512 PB in December 2022. The contribution of 2G, 3G and 4G data usage

to the total volume of wireless data usage was at 0.14%, 0.93% and 98.93%.

 In September 2022, Vodafone Idea partnered with Indian Council for Research on

International Economic Relations (ICRIER) called Invicta to set up a telecom Centre

of Excellence.

 In Q1 FY22, Indian technology, media and telecom (TMT) sector lead the M&A market

in India bagging deals worth US$ 11.5 billion.

 In February 2022, Bharti Airtel acquired 10% strategic stake in a Singapore-based start-

up, Aqilliz.

 In January 2022, Google made a US$ 1 billion investment in Airtel through the India

Digitization Fund.

 In October 2021, Vodafone Idea stated that it is in advanced talks to sell a minority

stake to global private equity investors including Apollo Global Management and

Carlyle to raise up to Rs. 7,540 crore (US$ 1 billion) over the next 2-3 months.

 In October 2021, British satellite operator Inmarsat Holdings Ltd. announced that it is

the first foreign operator to get India’s approval to sell high-speed broadband to planes

and shipping vessels. Inmarsat will access the market via Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.

(BSNL) after BSNL received a license from the Department of Telecommunications.

6
 In October 2021, Dixon Technologies announced plans to invest Rs. 200 crore (US$

26.69 million) under the telecom PLI scheme; this investment included the acquisition

cost of Bharti Group’s manufacturing unit.

 In September 2021, Bharti Airtel announced an investment of Rs. 50 billion (US$ 673

million) in expanding its data centre business to meet the customer demand in and

around India.

 In August 2021, Tata Group company Nelco announced that the company is in talks

with Canadian firm Telesat to sign a commercial pact for launching fast satellite

broadband services in India under the latter’s Lightspeed brand, a move which will pit

the combined entity against Bharti Enterprises-backed One Web, Elon Musk’s SpaceX

and Amazon.

 In March 2021, Vodafone Idea Ltd. (VIL) announced that the acquired spectrum in five

circles would help improve 4G coverage and bandwidth, allowing it to offer ‘superior

digital experience’ to customers.

 In March 2021, Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) and

Telecommunications Standards Development Society, India (TSDSI) signed a deal to

boost adoption of ATSC standards in India in order to make broadcast services available

on mobile devices. This allows the TSDSI to follow ATSC standards, fostering global

digital broadcasting standard harmonisation.

 In the first quarter of FY21, customer spending on telecom services increased 16.6% y-

o-y, with over three-fourths spent on data services. This spike in consumer spending

came despite of the COVID-19 disruption and lack of access of offline recharges for a

few weeks

7
  India had over 500 million active internet users (accessed Internet in the last one month)

as of May 2020.

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

The Government has fast-tracked reforms in the telecom sector and continues to be proactive

in providing room for growth for telecom companies. Some of the key initiatives taken by the

Government are as follows:

 The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has issued a Telecom Tariff (69th

amendment) order 2022 on “Tariff for SMS and Cell Broadcast alerts disseminated

through Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) platform during disasters/non-disasters”.

Department of Telecom (DoT) has requested TRAI to provide tariff for SMS and Cell

Broadcast alerts/messages to be disseminated by TSPs through CAP platform during

disasters/non-disasters.

 The Government of India intends to establish one hundred labs for creating applications

using 5G services in engineering universities as part of the Union Budget 2023, in order

to realize a new range of possibilities, business models, and job potential.

 As of March 2023, the PLI scheme for Large-Scale Electronics Manufacturing (LSEM)

attracted investment of US$ 726.77 million (Rs. 5,998 crore) and led to a total

production of US$ 33.55 billion (Rs. 276,903 crore), including exports of US$ 15.61

billion (Rs. 1,28,886 crore).

8
 In Union Budget 2023-24, the Department of Telecommunications was allocated Rs.

97,579.05 crore (US$ 11.92 billion). Of this, US$ 48.88 million (Rs. 400 crore) is for

Research and Development, US$ 611.1 million (Rs. 5,000 crore) is for Bharat net.

 RailTel, a mini-Ratna PSU launched Prime Minister Wi-Fi Access Network Interface

(PM-WANI) to access its Public WIFI services across 100 railway stations having

2,384 WIFI hotspots in 22 states.

 Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) officially launched Telecom Technology

Development Fund (TTDF) Scheme on October 01st, 2022.

 The government plans to update extant regulatory framework with the Indian

Telecommunication Bill, 2022

 Up to July 2022, 5,84,747 km length of Open Fiber Control (OFC) is laid connecting

1, 87,245 Gram Panchayats. In 1,81,888 Gram Panchayats the service is ready on fibre

and satellite.

 Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi launched 5G services on October 1, 2022

 On December 2022, 42 companies have committed an investment US$ 502.95 million

(Rs. 4,115 crore) comprising 28 MSMEs and 14 non-MSMEs (eight domestic and seven

global companies) have been approved under the Production-linked Incentive (PLI)

Scheme

 Dedicated government schemes Bharat Net Project Scheme, Telecom Development

Plan, Aspirational District Scheme, initiatives in North-Eastern Region through

Comprehensive Telecom Development Plan (CTDP), etc. resulted in a 200% increase

in rural internet subscriptions between 2015 to 2021

9
 To drive the development of 6G technology, the Department of Telecommunications

(DoT) has developed a sixth generation (6G) innovation group.

 In October 2021, Telecom Secretary Mr. K. Rajaraman inaugurated the Quantum

Communication Lab at the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), Delhi, and

unveiled the indigenously developed Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) solution by C-

DOT. QKD can support a distance of >100 kms on standard optical fibre.

 In August 2021, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) initiated discussions

with banks to address financial stress in the telecom sector, particularly Vodafone Idea

Ltd. (VIL) that urgently requires fund infusion to stay afloat.

 FDI cap in the telecom sector been increased to 100% from 74%; out of 100%. In

October 2021, the government notified 100% foreign direct investment (FDI) via the

automatic route from previous 49% in the telecommunications sector. FDI of up to

100% is permitted for infrastructure providers offering dark fibre, electronic mail and

voice mail.

 Following are the achievements of the Government in the past four years:

 Department of Telecommunication launched ‘Tarang Sanchar’ - a web portal

sharing Information on mobile towers and EMF Emission Compliances.

 Payments on unified payments interface (UPI) hit an all-time high of 3.65

billion (by volume), with transactions worth ~Rs. 6.54 trillion (US$ 87.11

billion) in September 2021. As of July 2023, 473 banks were live on unified

payment interface (UPI).

 Over 75% increase in internet coverage—from 251 million users to 446 million.

10
ROAD AHEAD

Revenue from the telecom equipment sector was expected to grow to US$ 26.38 billion by

2020. The number of internet subscribers in the country expected to double by 2021 to 829

million and overall IP traffic expected to grow four-fold at a CAGR of 30% by 2021.

According to a Zenith Media survey, India is expected to become the fastest-growing telecom

advertisement market, with an annual growth rate of 11% between 2020 and 2023.

The Indian Government is planning to develop 100 smart city projects, and IoT will play a vital

role in developing these cities. The National Digital Communications Policy 2018 envisaged

attracting investment worth US$ 100 billion in the telecommunications sector by 2022. App

downloads in the country increased from 12.07 billion in 2017 to 19.00 billion in 2019. Indians

downloaded over 28 billion apps on their mobiles in 2022 and accounted for 5% of the 625

billion downloads globally. A major force behind meeting the telecom industry's present and

future technological needs is the Atmanirbhar Bharat programme. There had been UPI a push

towards developing indigenous 5G technology to help India move towards 5G rapidly. India is

also planning for 6G in advance and started investing in the development of 6G technology

already.

India is the world's second-largest telecommunications market. As of June 2023, tele-density

stood at 84.43%. Total broadband subscriptions grew to 861.47 million until June 2023 and the

total telephone subscriber base stood at 1,173.89 million in June 2023.

As of June 2023, wireless subscriptions stood at 1,143.57 million, and wireless tele-density

reached 82.25%. As of June 2023, the wireless subscriber base of Jio stood at 438.58 million,

11
followed by Bharti Airtel (373.72 million), Vodafone Idea (229.65 million), and BSNL (99.47

million).

Total broadband subscriptions in the country grew from 149.75 million in FY16 to 846.57

million in FY23 (April-March). The number of wired broadband subscriptions stood at 33.49

million in FY23 (Until March 2023). Wireless broadband subscribers stood at 813.08 million

in FY23. As of June 2023, the top five service providers were as follows: Reliance Jio Infocom

Ltd stood at 438.58 million, followed by Bharti Airtel (241.52 million), Vodafone Idea (124.89

million), and BSNL (20.93 million).

The total number of internet subscribers reached 865.90 million in October-December 2022.

The wireless segment accounted for 96.25% (i.e. 833.49 million) of the total telephone

subscriptions In December 2022.

India is also the second-largest country in terms of internet subscribers. India is one of the

biggest consumers of data worldwide. As per TRAI, average wireless data usage per wireless

data subscriber was 17.11 GB per month in December 2022 from 61.66 MB in March 2014.

India was the second-largest market for Google Play in 2019 and was estimated to grow at a

compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11% between 2018 to 2022. In 2020, India accounted

for 14% of the global app installs. Indians downloaded over 28 billion apps on their mobiles in

2022 and accounted for 5% of the 625 billion downloads globally. App downloads in the

country increased from 12.07 billion in 2017 to 19 billion in 2019. The Government of India

intends to establish one hundred labs for creating applications using 5G services in engineering

universities as part of the Union Budget 2023, in order to realize a new range of possibilities,

business models, and job potential.

12
The aggregated data consumed as on December 31, 2022 was 14,024,519 GB. The total

wireless data usage in India grew at a rate of 0.96% from 40,126 PB in September 2022 to

40,512 PB in December 2022. The contribution of 2G, 3G and 4G data usage to the total

volume of wireless data usage was at 0.14%, 0.93% and 98.93%.

During FY23, the gross revenue from the telecom sector stood at Rs. 3.1 lakh crore (US$ 37.33

billion).

The gross revenue stood at Rs. 88,166 crore (US$ 10.68 billion) in the third quarter of

FY22. Strong policy support from the Government has been crucial to the sector’s

development. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) cap in the telecom sector increased to 100%

from 74%. In October 2021, the government notified 100% foreign direct investment (FDI) via

the automatic route from the previous 49% in the telecommunications sector. FDI inflow in the

telecom sector stood at US$ 39.27 billion from April 2000-June 2023.

In May 2023, STT GDC invested US$ 242.33 million (Rs. 2,000 crore) in two more data

centres in Pune.

As of March 2023, Jio partnered with EESL to provide 1 million smart prepaid meters in Bihar.

In February 2022, Bharti Airtel acquired 10% strategic stake in a Singapore-based start-up,

Aqilliz.

In January 2022, Google made a US$ 1 billion investment in Airtel through the India

Digitization Fund.

13
According to a Zenith Media survey, India is expected to become the fastest-growing telecom

advertisement market, with an annual growth rate of 11% between 2020 and 2023.

The Government of India, through its National Digital Communications Policy, foresee

investment worth US$ 100 billion in the telecommunications sector by 2022. The government

is encouraging global telecom network manufacturers such as Ericsson, Nokia, Samsung and

Huawei to manufacture all their equipment in India with 100% local products. The Rs. 12,195

crore (US$ 1.65 billion) production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme already triggered the entry

of several global players manufacturing mobile devices and components. European telecom

gear vendors like Ericsson and Nokia are eager to expand their existing operations in India for

a global supply chain under the PLI scheme. Similarly, global vendors like Samsung, Cisco,

Ciena, Jabil, Foxconn, Sanmina and Flex have shown interest in setting up manufacturing in

India for telecom and networking products under the newly announced PLI scheme.

As of March 2023, the PLI scheme for Large-Scale Electronics Manufacturing (LSEM)

attracted investment of US$ 726.77 million (Rs. 5,998 crore) and led to a total production of

US$ 33.55 billion (Rs. 2,76,903 crore), including exports of US$ 15.61 billion (Rs. 128,886

crore).

In March 2021, TEPC (Telecom Equipment Export Promotion Council) organised India

Telecom 2021—a platform for convergence of technologies and business exchange.

In July 2021, Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL), on behalf of the Department of

Telecommunication, invited global tender for the development of Bharat Net through the

Public-private Partnership model in 9 separate packages across 16 states for a concession period

of 30 years. Under this project, the government provided a maximum grant of Rs. 19,041crore

(US$ 2.56 billion) as viability gap funding.

14
In August 2021, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) officials stated that it is

working on a package, which includes reducing the revenue share licence fee to 6% of the

adjusted gross revenue (AGR) of the operators from the current 8%. This would be done by

reducing the 5% universal service obligation levy by two percentage points and providing relief

of about Rs. 3,000 crore (US$ 403.63 million) annually to the operators.

In October 2021, Telecom Secretary Mr. K. Rajaraman inaugurated the Quantum

Communication Lab at the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), Delhi, and

unveiled the indigenously developed Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) solution by C-DOT.

QKD can support a distance of >100 kms on standard optical fibre.

The Union Cabinet approved Rs. 12,195 crore (US$ 1.65 billion) production-linked incentive

(PLI) scheme for telecom & networking products under the Department of Telecom.

15
Advantages of Telecommunication

Improved Communication

Telecommunication has made communication simpler and quicker. It permits individuals to

communicate with each other over distinctive areas, disposing of the requirements for physical

travel.

Expanded Productivity

Telecommunication has expanded efficiency by permitting representatives to work from

domestically. This kills the requirement for physical nearness within the office, sparing time

and decreasing costs.

Cost-effective

Telecommunication is cost-effective since it disposes of the requirement for physical travel,

decreasing transportation costs. It too permits companies to spare cash on office space and

framework.

Adaptability

Telecommunication offers adaptability in terms of work courses of action. It permits

representatives to work from domestic or any area, making it simpler to adjust work and

individual life.

16
Accessibility

Telecommunication permits individuals in inaccessible areas to get to administrations and data

that would something else be inaccessible. This has made a difference to bridge the hole

between urban and rustic regions.

Disadvantages of Telecommunication

Reliance on Innovation

Telecommunication is subordinate to innovation. Any disturbance in innovation can lead to a

breakdown in communication, causing bother and misfortune of efficiency.

Limited Individual Interaction

Telecommunication diminishes individual interaction, driving a need for social interaction and

relationship-building openings.

Security Dangers

Telecommunication is powerless to security dangers such as hacking, phishing, and

information robbery. This will compromise private data and lead to monetary misfortunes.

Technical Troubles

Telecommunication requires specialized information and mastery. Specialized troubles can

emerge, causing delays and disturbances in communication.

17
Health Risks

Telecommunication uncovered people to electromagnetic radiation, which can lead to well-

being dangers such as cancer and other well-being issues.

Applications of Telecommunication

Commerce

Telecommunication is broadly utilized within the commerce division for communication

between representatives, clients, and partners. It empowers companies to associate with

individuals from diverse parts of the world, making it simpler to conduct commerce exchanges,

arrange bargains, and facilitate operations.

Healthcare

Telecommunication is progressively utilized in healthcare for telemedicine, inaccessible

understanding checking, and other applications. It permits specialists to communicate with

patients in real-time, gets to therapeutic records, and screen imperative signs from a separate.

Education

Telecommunication is utilized in instruction for remote learning and online courses. It

empowers students to go to classes remotely and get instructive assets from anywhere in the

world.

18
Entertainment

Telecommunication is utilized within the excitement industry for broadcasting tv and radio

programs, spilling motion pictures and music, and facilitating online gaming stages.

Government

Telecommunication is utilized by government offices for communication between divisions,

crisis reaction, and open security. It empowers governments to communicate with citizens amid

emergencies and spread imperative data rapidly.

Transportation

Telecommunication is utilized in transportation for activity control, coordination, and armada

administration. It empowers companies to track vehicles, screen shipments, and optimize

routes.

19
20
Issues and Challenges of Telecom Sector

 High Right-of-Way (ROW) cost: Sometimes, state governments charge a huge

amount for permitting the laying of fiber, etc.

 Lack of fixed line penetration: India has very little penetration of fixed-line in its

network whereas most of the developed countries have a very high penetration of

fixed lines (telephone line that traveled through a metal wire or optical fiber as part of

a nationwide telephone network).

 Only around 25% of Towers in India are connected with fibre networks, whereas in

developed nations, it is in excess of 70%.

 5G Network requires towers to be connected to with very high-speed systems. Those

high speeds are not possible on the present radio systems.

 Declining Average Revenue Per User (ARPU): ARPU decline now is sharp and

steady, which, combined with falling profits and in some cases serious losses, is

prompting the Indian telecom industry to look at consolidation as the only way to

boost revenues.

 Recently, the Supreme Court allowed the government’s plea to recover adjusted

gross revenue of about Rs 92,000 crore from telcos, that further adds to their stress.

21
 Limited Spectrum Availability: Available spectrum is less than 40% as compared

to European nations and 50% as compared to China.

 Low Broadband Penetration: Low broadband penetration in the country is a matter

of concern. As per white paper presented on broadband at the last International

Telecommunication Union (ITU), broadband penetration in India is only 7%.

 Over the Top (OTT) applications such as WhatsApp, OLA and so on do not need

permission or a pact with a telecommunications company. This hampers the revenue

of telecommunication service providers.

 Huge fluctuations in the duties on Telecom Equipment which contribute to

connecting the whole system from the central server to the consumer.

 Timeframe of policy execution: Government have withdrawn a lot of things to

benefit telecom sector but by the time it gets executed to the market, it becomes too

late.

 Lack of Telecom Infrastructure in Semi-rural and Rural areas: Service providers

have to incur huge initial fixed cost to enter semi-rural and rural areas.

 Pressure on Margins Due to Stiff Competition: With competition heating up post

entry of Reliance Jio, other telecom players are feeling the heat of substantial drop in

tariff rates both for voice and data (more significant for data subscribers).

22
Steps Taken by the Government

A new National Digital Communications Policy - 2018 (NDCP-2018) was unveiled in Oct

2018, to replace National Telecom Policy-2012, to cater to the modern needs of the digital

communications sector of India. The policy aims to attract USD 100 billion worth of

investments and generate 4 million jobs in the sector by 2022.

Telecom Commission was re-designated as the "Digital Communications Commission”.

In 2017, Department of Telecom (DoT) came up with a gazette notification, advising the state

governments to give quicker ROW permission and charge very little amount to service

providers. Though, only some states responded.

The government has provided benefits to telecom sector by withdrawing some duties.

The government has fast-tracked reforms in the telecom sector and continues to be proactive

in providing room for growth for telecom companies.

The Department of Information Technology intends to set up over 1 million internet-

enabled common service centres across India as per the National e-Governance Plan.

FDI cap in the telecom sector has been increased to 100% from 74%. Out of 100%, 49% will

be done through automatic route and the rest will be done through the FIPB approval route.

FDI of up to 100% is permitted for infrastructure providers offering dark fiber, electronic

mail and voice mail.

The Government of India has introduced Digital India programme under which all the sectors

such as healthcare, retail, etc. will be connected through the internet.

23
 CHAPTER 2

Introduction of the Company

24
 Bharti Airtel

Bharti Airtel Limited, commonly known as Airtel, is an Indian

multinational telecommunications services company based in New Delhi. It operates in 18

countries across South Asia and Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. Currently, Airtel

provides 5G, 4G and LTE Advanced services all over India. Currently offered services include

fixed-line broadband, and voice services depending upon the country of operation. Airtel had

also rolled out its Voice over LTE (VoLTE) technology across all Indian telecom circles. [5] It

is the second largest mobile network operator in India and the second largest mobile network

operator in the world.[4] Airtel was named India's 2nd most valuable brand in the first ever

Brand ranking by Millward Brown and WPP plc.

Airtel is credited with pioneering the strategic management of outsourcing all of its business

operations except marketing, sales and finance and building the 'minutes factory' model of low

cost and high volumes. The strategy has since been adopted by several operators. [7] Airtel's
[8]
equipment is provided and maintained by Ericsson, Huawei, and Nokia Networks whereas

IT support is provided by Amdocs. The transmission towers are maintained by subsidiaries and

25
joint venture companies of Bharti including Bharti Inflate (merged with Indus Towers) and

Indus Towers in India.[9] Ericsson agreed for the first time to be paid by the minute for

installation and maintenance of their equipment rather than being paid upfront, which allowed

Airtel to provide low call rates of ₹1 (1.3¢ US)/minute.

History

In 1984, Sunil Mittal started assembling push-button phones in India, [11] which he earlier used

to import from a Singaporean company, Singtel, replacing the old-fashioned, bulky rotary

phones that were in use in the country then. Bharti Telecom Limited (BTL) was incorporated

and entered into a technical tie-up with Siemens AG of Germany for the manufacture of

electronic push-button phones. By the early 1990s, Bharti was making fax machines, cordless

phones and other telecom gear.[12] He named his first push-button phone as 'Mitbrau'.

In 1992, he successfully bid for one of the four mobile phone network licenses auctioned

in India.[12] One of the conditions for the Delhi cellular licenses was that the bidder have some

experience as a telecom operator. So, Mittal clinched a deal with the French telecom group

Vivendi. He was one of the first Indian entrepreneurs to identify the mobile telecom business

as a major growth area. His plans were finally approved by the Government in 1994 [11] and he

launched services in Delhi in 1995, when Bharti Cellular Limited (BCL) was formed to offer

cellular services under the brand name Airtel. Within a few years, Bharti became the first

telecom company to cross the 2 million mobile subscriber mark. Bharti also brought down the

STD/ISD cellular rates in India under the brand name 'India one'.[11]

26
In 1999, Bharti Enterprises acquired control of JT Holdings, and extended cellular operations

to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. In 2000, Bharti acquired control of Sky cell

Communications, in Chennai. In 2001, the company acquired control of Spice Cell in Kolkata.

Bharti Enterprises went public in 2002, and the company was listed on Bombay StockExchange

and National Stock Exchange of India. In 2003, the cellular phone operations were re-branded

under the single Airtel brand. In 2004, Bharti acquired control of Hexacom and entered

Rajasthan. In 2005, Bharti extended its network to Andaman and Nicobar. This expansion

allowed it to offer voice services all across India.

Airtel launched "Hello Tunes", a caller ring back tone service (Ringing Tone), in July 2004

becoming the first operator in India to do so. The Airtel theme song, composed by A.R.

Rahman, was the most popular tune in that year

27
 Operations in 17 countries across Asia and Africa

 Customer base of >342 million in India

 Total wireless and wireline subscriber base stood at 373.72 million and 6.54 million,

respectively, as of June 2023

 Consolidated total income stood at US$ 4.36 billion (Rs. 36,009 crore) in the fourth

quarter of FY23

 Connecting India’s leading 1,000+ corporates

28
 Bharti Airtel

Type Public

 BSE: 532454
Traded as
 NSE: BHARTIARTL

 BSE SENSEX Constituent

 NSE NIFTY 50

Constituent

ISIN INE397D01024

Industry Telecommunications

Founded 7 July 1995; 28 years ago [1]

Founder Sunil Mittal

Headquarters Nelson Mandela Road, Vasant

Kunj, New Delhi, India [1]

Area served Worldwide

Key people  Sunil Mittal (Chairman)

 Gopal Vittal (MD & CEO)

29
Products  Fixed line telephone

 Mobile telephony

 Broadband

 Satellite television

 Payment’s bank

 Digital television

 Internet television

 IPTV

Revenue ₹140,081.40

crore (US$18 billion) (2023) [2]

Operating ₹17,230.50

income crore (US$2.2 billion) (2023) [2]

Net income ₹8,345.90

crore (US$1.0 billion) (2023) [2]

Total assets ₹446,633.20

crore (US$56 billion) (2023) [2]

Total equity ₹77,562.90

crore (US$9.7 billion) (2023) [2]

Owners  Bharti Telecom (39.94%)

 Singtel (10.51%)

 Indian Continent

Investment

Limited (4.56%)

30
  Free float (45%) [3]

Members 491.26 million[4]

(March-2022)

Number of 67,774 (As of Jun 2023 or

employees Q1FY24) [4]

Subsidiaries  Airtel India

 Airtel Hindustan

 Airtel Payments Bank

 Airtel digital TV

 Airtel Sri Lanka

 Airtel Africa

 Airtel-Vodafone (50%)

 Robi (28.18%)

 Wynk Music

Website https://www.airtel.in

31
 Acquisitions and mergers

MTN Group merger negotiations

In May 2006, it emerged that Airtel was exploring the possibility of buying the MTN Group, a

South Africa-based telecommunications company with operations in 21 countries in Africa and

the Middle East. Financial Times reported that Bharti was considering offering US$45 billion

for a 100% stake in MTN, which would be the largest overseas acquisition ever by an Indian

firm. However, both sides emphasized the tentative nature 32of the talks. The Economist

magazine noted, "If anything, Bharti would be marrying up", as MTN had more subscribers,

higher revenues and broader geographic coverage.[23] However, the talks fell apart as MTN

Group tried to reverse the negotiations by making Bharti almost a subsidiary of the new

company.[24]

In May 2009, Airtel confirmed that it was again in talks with MTN and both companies agreed

to discuss the potential transaction exclusively by 31 July 2009.[25] Airtel said "Bharti Airtel

Ltd is pleased to announce that it has renewed its effort for a significant partnership with MTN

Group".[26] The exclusivity period was extended twice up to 30 September 2009. Talks

eventually ended without agreement.[27]

A solution was proposed where the new company would be listed on two stock exchanges, one

in South Africa and one in India. However, dual-listing of companies is not permitted by Indian

law.[28]

32
Acquisition of Zain's Africa operations

Further information: Zain Group

In June 2010, Bharti struck a deal to buy Zain's mobile operations in 15 African countries, in

India's second-biggest overseas acquisition after Tata Steel's $13 billion buy of Corus in 2007.

Bharti Airtel completed its $10.7 billion acquisition of African operations from the Kuwaiti

firm on 8 June 2010, making Airtel the world's fifth largest wireless carrier by subscriber

base.[29] Airtel has reported that its revenues for the fourth quarter of 2010 grew by 53% to

US$3.2 billion compared to the previous year, newly acquired Zain Africa division contributed

US$911 million to the total. However, net profits dropped by 41% from US$470 million in

2009 to US$291 million in 2010 due to a US$188 million increase in radio spectrum charges

in India and an increase of US$106 million in debt interest. [citation needed]

Warid Bangladesh and Robi

Further information: Warid Bangladesh and Robi (company)

In 2010, Warid Telecom sold a majority 70.90% stake in the company to Bharti Airtel for

US$300 million.[30] The Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission approved

the deal on 4 January 2010.[31] Bharti Airtel Limited took management control of the company

and its board, and rebranded the company's services under its own "airtel" brand from 20

December 2010.[32][33] Warid Telecom sold its remaining 30% share to Bharti Airtel's

Singapore-based concern Bharti Airtel Holdings Pte Limited in March 2013. [34]

On 16 November 2016, Airtel Bangladesh was merged into Robi as a product brand of Robi,

where Robi Axiata Limited is the licensee of airtel brand in Bangladesh.[35] Robi is a joint

33
venture between Malaysian telecom operator Axiata holding 61.82% and Bharti Airtel holding

28.18%.[36]

Telecom Seychelles

On 11 August 2010, Bharti Airtel announced that it would acquire a 100% stake in Telecom

Seychelles for US$62 million taking its global presence to 19 countries. Telecom Seychelles

began operations in 1998 and operates 3G, fixed-line, ship to shore services, satellite telephony,

among value added services like VSAT and Gateways for International Traffic across

Seychelles under the Airtel brand. The company has over 57% share of the mobile market of

Seychelles.[37] Airtel announced plans to invest US$10 million in its fixed and mobile telecoms

network in Seychelles over three years, whilst also participating in the Seychelles East Africa

submarine cable (SEAS) project. The US$34 million SEAS project is aimed at improving

Seychelles' global connectivity by building a 2,000 km undersea high-speed link to Dar es

Salaam in Tanzania.[38]

Wireless Business Services Private Limited

On 24 May 2012, Airtel announced an agreement to acquire a 40% stake in Wireless Business

Services Private Limited (WBSPL) at an investment of ₹9.07 billion

(US$110 million).[39] WBSPL was a joint venture founded by Qualcomm and held BWA

spectrum in the telecom circles of Delhi, Haryana, Kerala and Mumbai.[40] Qualcomm had

spent US$1 billion to acquire BWA spectrum in those 4 circles.[41] The deal gave Airtel a4G

presence in 18 circles.[39] On 4 July 2013, Airtel announced that it had acquired an additional

5% equity share capital (making its stake 51%)[42] in all the four BWA entities of Qualcomm,

thereby making them its subsidiaries.[43] On 18 October 2013, Airtel announced that it had

acquired 100 percent equity shares of WBSPL for an undisclosed sum,[44][45] makingit a wholly

owned subsidiary.

34
Airtel India

Bharti Telecom (BTL) is a holding company of Bharti Airtel with Bharti Enterprises and

Singtel owning 50.56 percent and 49.44 percent, respectively, in BTL, which in turn owns

35.80 percent of Bharti Airtel.[72]

Airtel India is the second largest provider of mobile telephony after Jio and the second largest

provider of fixed telephony in India and is also a provider of Broadband and subscription

television services. It offers its telecom services under the Airtel brand, and is headed by Sunil

Bharti Mittal.

Broadband

Airtel provides broadband internet access through fibre, DSL, internet leased lines and MPLS

(multiprotocol label switching) solutions[buzzword], as well as IPTV and fixed line telephone

services. Until 18 September 2004, Bharti provided fixed line telephony and broadband

services under the Touchtel brand. Bharti now provides all telecom services including fixed

line services under the common brand Airtel. As of June 2019, Airtel provides Telemedia

services; in 99 cities.[73] As on 30 June 2019, Airtel had 2.342 million broadband subscribers. [74]

Airtel Broadband provides broadband and IPTV services. Airtel provides both capped as well

as unlimited download plans. However, Airtel's unlimited plans are subject to free usage policy

(FUP), which reduces speed after the customer crosses a certain data usage limit. In most of

the plans, Airtel provides only 64KByte/second beyond FUP which is equal to other

35
competitors' tariffs. The maximum speed available for home users under the new V-Fiber

program is up to 300Mbit/s and with DSL is 16Mbit/s.

In May 2012, Airtel Broadband and some other Indian ISPs temporarily blocked file sharing

websites such as Vimeo, Mega video, and The Pirate Bay, without giving any legal information

to customers.

In June 2011, The Economic Times reported that the Telemedia business was merged with

Mobile and DTH businesses.

Digital television

Airtel digital TV

The Digital Television business provides Direct-to-Home (DTH) TV services across India

under the brand name Airtel digital TV. It started services on 9 October 2008 and had about

16.027 million customers at the end of June 2019.

Banking

Airtel Payments Bank

Airtel Payments Bank was launched in January 2017.

36
Business

Airtel Business consists largely of six products: cloud and managed services, digital signage,

NLD/ILD connectivity (VSAT / MPLS / IPLC and Ethernet products), Wi-Fi dongles, voice

solutions[buzzword] (like toll-free numbers, TracMate, and automated media reading) and

conferencing solutions (VoIP, audio, video, and web conferencing), serving industry verticals

like BFSI, IT/ITeS, manufacturing, hospitality and government.

Airtel Business, the B2B arm of Bharti Airtel, has rolled out a first of its kind dedicated digital

platform to serve the growing connectivity, communication and collaboration requirements of

emerging businesses, including SMEs and startups. The digital platform will offer

solutions[buzzword] to emerging enterprises to enable ease of business and faster time to market.

Airtel Digital Ltd

Airtel Digital Ltd, is a subsidiary of Airtel, that manages its digital assets such as Wynk Music,

Airtel Xstream, Airtel Thanks, Mitra Payments platform used by a million retailers, Airtel Ads,

Airtel IQ, Airtel Secure, and Airtel Cloud.

37
Joint ventures and agreements

Airtel-Vodafone

On 1 May 2007, Jersey Airtel and Guernsey Airtel, both wholly-owned subsidiaries of the

Bharti Group, announced they would launch mobile services in the British Crown
[94][95]
Dependencies islands of Jersey and Guernsey under the brand name Airtel- Vodafone

after signing an agreement with Vodafone. Airtel-Vodafone operates a 4G networkin Jersey

and Guernsey.

Airtel-Ericsson

In July 2011, Bharti signed a five-year agreement with Ericsson, who will manage and optimize

Airtel's mobile networks in Africa. Ericsson will modernize and upgrade Airtel's mobile

networks in Africa with the latest technology including its multi-standard RBS 6000 base

station. As part of the modernization, Ericsson will also provide technology consulting,network

planning & design and network deployment. Ericsson has been the managed services and

network technology partner in Asian operations.

38
International presence [

Coverage map of Bharti Airtel across 17 countries.

Current operations

Joint venture/Minority shareholder

Former operations

Airtel is the third- largest mobile operator in the world by subscriber base and has a commercial

presence in 17 countries and the Channel Islands.

Its area of operations include:

 The South Asia:

o Airtel India, in India

o Airtel Sri Lanka, in Sri Lanka

o Robi, in Bangladesh

 Airtel Africa, which operates in 14 African countries:

o Chad, Democratic Republic of the

Congo, Congo, Gabon, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Niger, Nigeria, Rwa

nda, Seychelles, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia

39
Airtel operates in the following countries:

Operator
Country Remarks
name

Airtel Bangladesh was merged into Robi Axiata

Bangladesh Robi Limited in which Bharti Airtel holds a 28.18%

stake.[82]

Airtel Chad is the No. 1 operator with 69%

Chad airtel Chad
market share.[82]

Democratic Airtel is the market leader with almost 5 million

airtel DRC
Republic of the Congo customers at the end of 2010. [citation needed]

Airtel Gabon has 829,000 customers and its

Gabon airtel Gabon
market share stood at 61%. [citation needed]

Airtel is the second largest mobile operator with

India airtel India
348.3 million customers as of May 2021.[83]

Kenya Airtel Kenya

Airtel Kenya is the second largest operator and

40
 has 8.6 million subscribers.[84]

airtel Airtel is the market leader in Madagascar with

Madagascar
Madagascar 39% market share and 2.5 million customers.[82]

Airtel Malawi is the market leader with a market

Malawi airtel Malawi
share of 72%.[82]

Airtel Niger is the market leader with a 68%

Niger airtel Niger
market share.[82]

Airtel Nigeria is the third largest operator in

Nigeria airtel Nigeria Nigeria with a 26.92% market share and 50.2

million customers.

Republic of the airtel Congo Airtel Congo is the market leader with a 55%

Congo B market share.[82]

airtel Airtel launched services in Rwanda on 30 March

Rwanda
Rwanda 2012.[85]

Airtel is the leading comprehensive

airtel
Seychelles
telecommunications services provider with over
Seychelles
55% market share of mobile market in

41
 Seychelles.[86]

Airtel Sri Lanka commenced operations on 12

airtel Sri
Sri Lanka January 2009. It had about 1.8 million mobile
Lanka
customers at the end of 2010.[87]

airtel Airtel Tanzania is the market leader with a 38%

Tanzania
Tanzania market share.[82]

Airtel Uganda stands as the No. 2 operator with

Uganda airtel Uganda
a market share of 38%.[82]

Airtel Zambia is the second market leader in

Zambia airtel Zambia Zambia with a 40% market share of the mobile

network sector.[88]

Channel Airtel operates in the Channel Islands under the

Airtel-
Islands†: Jersey brand name Airtel–Vodafone in a joint venture
Vodafone
Guernsey agreement with Vodafone.

42
 Bharti Airtel Ltd.’s key competitors and market peers.

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL)

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL) is a provider of network management and

telecommunications services. The company offers a wide range of telecom services including

wire line, GSM mobile, internet, broadband, carrier service, MPLS-VPN, VoIP services,

wireline, national long distance, and international long distance services. It also provides radio

broadband services (Bharat Air Fibre), including UAN service, VPN service, toll-free

numbers/services, and televoting services. Apart from this, BSNL offers enterprise business

services, including voice and mobility, internet data centre, enterprise data services and

broadband, and managed services. The company has an operational presence across India.

BSNL is headquartered in New Delhi, India.

Reliance Jio Infocom Ltd (RJIO)

Reliance Jio Infocom Ltd (RJIO), a subsidiary of Reliance Industries Limited, is a

telecommunication service provider and mobile network operator. The company offers

products such as sim cards, mobile devices and internet dongles. It also provides services that

Business Applications, Connectivity, Internet of Things, Jio Business Solution, Jio Cloud Jio

is about creating connected intelligence for 6 billion global minds to unleash the power of a

young nation. The three-pronged focus on broadband networks, affordable smartphones and

the availability of rich content and applications has enabled Jio to create an integrated business

strategy from the very beginning, and today, Jio is capable of offering a unique combination of

telecom, high speed data, digital commerce, media and payment services.

43
Vodafone Idea Ltd (VI)

Vodafone Idea Ltd (VI), formerly Idea Cellular Ltd, is a provider of telecommunication

services. The company provides mobile services, broadband and passive infrastructure

services. It offers 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G wireless services and high-speed broadband. VI also

offers entertainment services such as IVR-based content, sports (score updates) and WAP-

based games, Live TV and movies, voice and SMS-based services such as voice and SMS chat,

caller tune, expert advice, star talk, and subscriptions and membership services. The company

provides enterprise services, digital services, content services, and IoT solutions to the public

sector and government, small and medium enterprises and start-ups. It serves consumers

throughout India.VI is headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

MTN Group Ltd (MTN)

MTN Group Ltd (MTN) provides integrated telecommunication services that offers data, voice,

digital, wholesale, FinTech and enterprise services. The company also provides cloud services,

including cloud marketplace, data centre hosting, domain management, server virtualization,

directory services, and web hosting; IoT services such as IoT connectivity, data analytics, IoT

vertical applications, and device management; and security services, including vulnerability

assessment, managed firewall, device security, penetration testing, end point protection and

email security. It has business presence in South Africa, Nigeria, East Africa, Ghana, West and

Central Africa, the Middle East and North Africa. MTN is headquartered in Roodepoort,

Gauteng, South Africa.

44
SWOT Analysis Of Airtel

SWOT analysis is a framework for analysing and identifying a company’s strengths,

weaknesses, opportunities and threats. It helps in identifying where a company is lacking, and

what are the opportunities for a company so that it can work accordingly and minimize its risk.

A company will not have complete control over all the factors like it can work on itsweaknesses

by identifying them and can grow themselves with its strengths, but opportunitiesand threats

are not in their control as these factors are not predictable.

To understand it in detail, let us look at SWOT analysis for Airtel

1. Strengths Of Airtel

The strengths of a company are the features that have worked towards attracting more users

 Advertising: Celebrity brand ambassadors have boosted the brand to a great extent.

Airtel also has high brand visibility in forms of social media ads, television ads, and

others such as banners, etc.

 Customer Base: Airtel is one of the most popular cellular service providers in India

with more than 352 million subscribers. As of 2019, Airtel had 403 million users

worldwide. Airtel also has an international submarine cable system connecting India to

Singapore. Airtel also has a strong customer base in countries like Srilanka,

Bangladesh, and Africa.

45
 Extensive infrastructure: From its partnership with Idea and Vodafone To building

the Indus, Tower Airtel has extended its infrastructure all over the country which is

helping it in gaining new customers

 Other Services: Airtel also provides users with services like Data and Application

Based Services, Data Center based services, Cloud-Based Services, and Digital Media

services

 Unique marketing: Airtel as a company invests highly in marketing strategies and tries

to develop creative marketing campaigns to grab the attention of consumers. The

company has several other creative marketing campaigns which have left an impression

on the market. They are huge in the social media marketing space and this has won

them many customers. If you wish to learn social media to stay relevant as well, head

on over to IIDE’s Social Media Management Course and get started.

 Strategic Alliances: Airtel has some great companies as stakeholders, namely Sony

Ericsson, Nokia, and Singtel, and even Apple. Such strategic alliances have always

proven to boost brand equity and help in developing the company.

 Strong Hold over Rural Markets: Airtel has established a strong customer base in

rural parts of India by strategically investing in network infrastructure in those areas.

46
2. Weaknesses Of Airtel

Weaknesses are aspects of a business or brand that have a scope for improvement. So let’s

check some of Airtel’s major weaknesses:

 Outsourcing Operations: Outsourcing operations has helped Airtel in reducing its

prices. This causes the risk of the company having to be dependent on some other

companies which may affect its operations

 African operations: Airtel had bought Zain’s African Business back in 2013 at a huge

price of approximately 9 billion dollars, but airtel is yet to announce any profits from

that investment.

 High Debt: Airtel has been under huge debt. This is because their acquisitions have

been turning out to be bad investments and also high credit and low margins.

 Competitive market: Airtel faces a significant challenge due to the oligopolistic nature

of the Indian telecom market, with intense competition from Jio and Vodafone Idea.

The market has become cutthroat, making it challenging for Airtel to navigate.

47
3. Opportunities For Airtel

Opportunities for a company are the sectors in which a company may progress considering the

current market situations and weaknesses of other companies.

 Strategic Partnership: As far as MNP (Mobile Number Portability in India) is

concerned partnering with smartphone companies is going to be the smartest strategy.

This guarantees fixed cash flows in the future and would also ensure an increased

customer base.

 Market development: Considering the brutal competition in the telecommunications

industry & shrinking margins, venturing into new markets/developing economies will

prove to be a success for the company.

 Untapped scope of the current market: Although it currently provides 4G coverage,

such networks should be provided even in rural areas. Also developing more

infrastructure to provide better connectivity. The company should aim towards

providing these services to most of its regions, these would, as a result, help the

company to achieve higher profits and an increase in customers.

 5G: The current advancements in technology and 5G trials could also prove an

excellent success for the company. 5G and LTE services are not yet very common in

the country especially in rural cities, Airtel can extend their services in this direction

to get new customers.

48
4. Threats To Airtel

Threats to a company are the reasons that are causing or may cause a decrease in the number

of customers.

 Jio 5G: Jio has been providing the customers with faster network services and has

also developed much more in the 5G Technology. Jio’s ethernet cable services labeled

Jio Fibre has gained a lot of attraction due to its low pricing and the great internet speed

with rare to no fluctuations in internet speeds

 Government Regulatory Framework: As a result of the normal auctioning of

spectrum & change in government policies, there is a possible threat to the stability of

this market, as companies with deeper pockets are more likely to gain from these

auctions.

 Competition: The continuously changing prices in the Indian market and the rising

margins are adversely affecting Airtel’s business by a huge amount. Reliance Jio had

started free data and calling a few years back which caused a huge disruption in the

telecom sector, causing other companies to reduce their prices.

 MNP(Mobile Number Portability): MNP is a set of rules that provides the customers

with an option to change the company while keeping the number, since airtelhas higher

pricing in comparison to some other service providers there is a huge possibility of

customers changing for cheaper service alternatives.

49
Conclusion

Airtel has been around for more than two decades and is a powerful brand that has received its

discussion and attention. Airtel’s popularity has been sustained over time despite rapidly

changing consumer needs and ever-developing technology patterns. Airtel has been on the list

of the top leading firms in its industry. It is maintaining its prominent position in the telecom

industry by critically analysing and reviewing the best strategies through SWOT analysis. It

has greatly improved from wired communication to wireless communication and is aiming

towards providing faster and better connectivity.

Companies such as Airtel are heavily relying on their success through marketing and are always

looking for talented marketers. If this interests you, you should learn how to create impactful

and targeted digital marketing campaigns by learning the up and coming field that is taking the

world by storm. All you have to do is be a part of IIDE’s Online Digital Marketing Course

which upskills you in all aspects of the rising digital marketing field.

50
 CHAPTER 3

Introduction of the Department of Organization under study

51
Recruitment is the process of attracting individuals on a timely basis in sufficient numbers and

with appropriate qualification, to apply for jobs within an organization. The process of

searching prospective employees with multidimensional skills and experience that suits

organization strategies in fundamental to the growth of the organization, this demands more

comprehensive strategic perspective recruitment. Organizations require the services of large

number of personnel, these personnel occupy the various positions created to the process of

organization. Each position of the organization has certain specific contributions to achieve the

organizational objectives. The recruitment process of the organizational has to be strong

enough to attract and select the potential candidates with right job52 specification. The

recruitment process begins with human resource planning and concludes with the selection of

required number of candidates, both HR staff and operating managers have responsibilities in

the process.

“Recruitment is the development and maintenance of adequate manpower resources. It

involves the creation of a pool of available labor upon whom the organization can draw when

it needs additional employees”.

Thus, we can say that:

 Recruitment is the activity that links employer and job seekers. 

 It is a process of finding and attracting capable applicants for employment. It begins

when new recruits are sought and ends when their applications are submitted. The result

is a pool of application forms which new employees are selected. 

52
  It is the process to discover sources of manpower to meet the requirements of staffing

schedule and to employ effective measures for attracting that manpower in adequate

numbers to facilitate effective selection of an efficient working force. 

 Recruitment of candidates is the function preceding the selection, which helps to create

a pool of prospective employees for the organization so that the management can select

the right candidate for the right job from this pool. The main objective of the recruitment

process is to expedite the selection process. 

In sourcing:

Companies recruit the candidates and, employ them, train and develop them and utilize the

human resources of these candidates. This strategy is called In-sourcing. Companies

formulate and implement this strategy when the corporate strategy is stable.

Out sourcing:

Some service companies depend for their human resources on such external organization

whose core business is to provide human resources. This strategy is called Out-sourcing. Out-

sourcing strategy is more suitable for both the fast growing and diversifying companies.

 To search for talent globally and not just within the company.

 To design entry, pay that competes on quality but not on quantum.

 To anticipate and final people for positions that do not exists yet.

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Selection:

Selection process is a decision-making process. This step consists a number of activities. A

candidate who fails to qualify for a particular step is not eligible for appearing for the

subsequent step. Employee selection is the process of putting right men on the right job. It is a

procedure of matching organizational requirements with the skills and qualifications of people.

Effective selection can be done only where there is effective matching. By selecting best

candidate for the required job, the organization will get quality performance of employees.

Moreover, organization will face less absenteeism and employee turnover problems. By

selecting right candidate for the required job, organization will also save time and money.

Proper screening of candidates takes place during selection procedure. All the potential

candidates who apply for the given job are tested.

Recruitment and selection in Bharti Airtel:

Recruitment: Recruitment techniques are the means or media by which the management

contacts prospective employees or provides necessary information or exchange of ideas order

to stimulate them to apply for jobs.

1. Direct method:

Under direct recruitment scouting, employees contacts, and waiting lists are used. in scouting,

representatives of the organization are sent to educational and training institutions. these

travelling recruiters exchange information with students, clarify their doubts, simulate them to

apply for jobs conduct campus interviews and short list candidates for further screening.

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2. Indirect method:

Advertisement in newspaper, journals, on the radio and television are used to publicize

vacancies. A well thought out and clear advertisement enables candidates to assess their

suitability so that only those possessing the requisite qualification will apply.

3. Third party method:

Various agencies can be used to recruit personnel. Public employment exchanges,

management consulting firms, professional societies, temporary help societies, trade unions,

labor contractors are the main agencies.

4. Internet recruitment:

Various job sites are now available on the internet. The organization can create profile on such

sites so that various resumes of applicants can be viewed and matched with the requirements

of the job and as much as applicants can be called because almost 25% of net users in India

search for jobs through internet.

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Steps in recruitment process in Bharti Airtel

Step 1:

Whenever there is a vacancy in the company first it will be known by the project manager. The

project manager informs about the vacancy to the general manager.

Step 2:

Once the general manager comes to know about vacancy in the company, he will inform it to

the chairman to get the approval of recruitment.

Step 3:

After getting the recruitment approval the process will be carried by the HR manager.

Moreover, the recruitment of the company internally, that is the existing employee will be

given first priority.

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Internal sources

1) Present permanent employees the company considers the candidates from their sources for

telecom industry because,

 Availability of most suitable candidates

 The policy of the organization to motivate the present employees.

2) Retired employees

Generally, the organization takes the candidates for the employment from the retired

employees due to obligation. Sometimes the company re-employee the retired employees as a

token of their loyalty to the organization.

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External sources:

1. Job centers:

This is a network covering most cities acting as agent for potential employers. They are the

private employee exchange; job centers help the candidates in knowing more about the

company throughout the country.

2. Outplacement consultants

These are the consultants just like the employment exchange. In this job consultants can register

their name and when there is a sent for interview. Actively seeking to place and may provide

training required. Available when recruitment needed.

3. Internet:

Internet is the modern mode of recruitment. If a company wants to place or fill a vacancy

within a short period of time through the external source then internet is the best source.

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Reasons for selecting the sources:

1. Referrals:

 Referrals are the existing employees working in the same organization. Bharti Airtel

select referrals as their source since it is an economical way of recruiting.

 This is also a fastest means of recruitment.

 In case of emergency to place an employee in particular position can be done easily

through referrals. Since referrals they bring candidates for the job from outside.

2 Internet:

 Internet is a modem source used for recruiting the candidates.

 The time consumed in giving the information and making it to reach the people is less.

Internet is selected as a source of recruitment for the following reasons also.

 It is a fastest means of source.

 Coverage is high

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3. Consultants:

 Consultants are a source through which a greater number of candidates can be recruited

and selected.

 Consultants help organization at the when there is an emergency.

It is also selected for the following reasons

Cost effective.

 Time taken is less.

 It is easy source since it will have the candidates all the time which will help during

emergency period.

 Factors that are considered while recruiting in Bharti Airtel:

 Determining which characteristics that differentiate people are most important to

performance.

 Measuring those characteristics.

 Deciding who should make the selection process.

 Time effective and economical.

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Factors affecting recruitment:

Internal External

Supply and demand

Recruitment policy

HR planning Labor market

Size of the firm Socio, political and legal factors

Growth and expansion Competitors

Internal factors:

Recruitment policy:

The recruitment policy of an organization specifies the objective of the recruitment and

provides a frame work for the implementation of recruitment strategy. It may involve

organizational system to be developed for implementing recruitment strategies and procedures

by filling up vacancies with best qualified people. The recruitment policies of an organization

are affected by the following factors

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Organizational objectives.

 Personnel policies of the organization

 Govt. policies on reservation

 Preferred source of recruitment

 Need of the organization.

 Recruitment costs and financial implications.

2. Human resource planning:

Effective human resource planning helps in determining the gaps present in the existing

manpower of the organization. It also helps in determining the number of employees to be

recruited and what qualifications they may possess.

3. Size of the firm: The size of the firm is an important factor in recruitment process. If the

organization is planning to increase its operations and expand its business, it will think of hiring

more personnel which will handle its operations.

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4. Cost:

Recruitment incur cost to the employer; therefore, organization try to employ that source of

recruitment which will bear a lower cost of recruitment to the organization for each candidate.

5. Growth and expansion: Organization will employ or think of employing more personnel if

it is expanding its operations.

External factors:

1. Supply and demand:

The availability of manpower both within and outside the organization is an important

determinant in the recruitment process. If the company has a demand for more professionals

and there is limited supply in the market for the professionals demanded by the company, then

the company will have to depend upon internal sources by providing them special training and

development programmers.

2. Labor market:

Employment conditions in the community where the organization is located will influence the

recruiting efforts of the organization. If there is surplus of the manpower at the time of

recruitment, even informal attempts at the time of recruiting like notice board display of the

requisition or announcements in the meeting etc. will attract more than enough applicants.

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3. Socio, political and legal factors:

Various govt. regulations prohibiting discrimination in hiring and employment have direct

impact on recruiting practices. E.g. if Govt. introduces legislations for reservation in

employment for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, physically handicapped etc. it becomes an

obligation for the employer. Also trade unions play an important role in recruitment. This

restricts management freedom to select those individuals who it believes would be best

performers.

4. Competitors: The recruitment policies of the competitors also affect the recruitment function

of the organization. To face the competition, many a times the organization has to change their

recruitment policies according to the policies being followed by the competitors.

Selection process:

General criteria that are followed during the process of selection in Bharti Airtel:

1. Internal selection:

 The candidates who are being selected internally need not undergo the selection

process. Since the company already knows the employee’s ability.

 Only if the existing employee is good technical ability he will be selected and the

selection will be done to fill the vacancy.

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Moreover, if there is a vacancy in the company first, they will try to fill it internally. The

team leaders who work under the project managers will be given priority, since he knows what

the works is, how to deal the clients, etc.

 Criteria’s that are followed for internal selection in Bharti Airtel:

 The revenues the existing employee made.

 His efficiency.

 The employee’s technical ability.

 Work experience of the employee.

 Doing the selection internally is cost effective.

 Time is not wasted.

2. External selection process:

The selection process in company refers to the person come through external source of

recruitment has to undergo the below selection process; this selection process has a series of

hurdles which the applicants have to go through.

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Tests:

1. Technical test and Interview:

The test refers here is technical test. Bharti Airtel conduct test for the qualified candidates after

they are screened on the basis of the application blanks so as measure the candidate’s ability in

technical side. Also, the short-listed candidates are supposed to go through the technical

interview in which the technical knowledge of the candidate is checked. The candidates who

crack this interview have to go through the panel interview.

2. Panel interview

This is an interview where the panel members will interview the candidate, here the real

capacity of the applicant will be revealed. A series of questions will be asked as quickly as

possible and the applicant has to satisfy the panel members through his answers.

3. Direct interview:

This is the final round of the entire selection process. In this round the personal details of the

candidates, his expectation towards the company will be known and according to the

applicant’s attitude towards the job the applicant will be selected.

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Objective of the interview:

 To know the information about the candidates.

 To provide the candidates with the facts of the job and the organization.

 To judge the suitability of candidates to the job.

 To see the inner self and feelings of the candidates.

4. Medical:

 After the final interview the applicants who have crossed, the above stages are sent to

physical examination either to the company physician or to a medical officer approved

for the purpose. Such examination serves the following purposes:

 It determines whether the candidate is physically fit to perform the job. Those who

are unfit are rejected.

 It reveals existing disabilities and provides a record of the employee’s health at the time

of selection. This record will help in settling company’s liability under the Workmen

Compensation Act for claim for an injury.

 It prevents the employment of people suffering from contagious disease.

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  It identifies candidates who are otherwise suitable but require specific jobs due to

physical handicaps and allergies.

Types of interviews that are adopted during selection process in Bharti Airtel:

Members involved in external selection process:

Selection process Members

Tests Technical Engineers

Technical interview HR manager and Senior Technical Persons

Panel interview HR managers, HR persons, Project Manager

Direct interview Direct interview

Budget allocated for recruitment and selection process in Bharti Airtel:

The budget for the recruitment and selection process for company will be allotted every year.

Around 25% of the profit is been allotted for the recruitment and selection process as a whole

in a year for the company (Bharti Tele ventures Pvt., (Ltd) including Bharti Airtel. Since

candidates will be recruited every year for other designations also.

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OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1- The objective of the study is to analyze and evaluate selection process for BHARTIAIRTEL

2- To know the perception of employees regarding recruitment and selection process.

3- The main objective is to select right candidates to the right jobs to reduce the cost of the

employment and losses occurred due to error made by the employees which are not appropriate

to the corresponding job

4- The objective of this study is to find out the most efficient employee for the organization.

Bharti Airtel Limited.

5- To suggest ways to improve Recruitment and Selection in Bharti Airtel Limited.

6- To know whether employees are working according to their predetermined duties and

responsibilities or not.

7- To Study the implication of HR Manager in finding out what are various ways and means to

improve working capacity of the employees that have been adopted by the Company.

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 CHAPTER 4

Literature Review

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People are integral part of an organization today. No organization can run without its human

resource. In today’s highly complex and competitive situation, choice of right person at the

right place at the right time has far implications for an organization’s functioning. An employee

well selected and well placed would not only contribute to the efficient running of the

organization but also offer significant potential for future replacement. Thus, hiring is an

important function. The process of hiring begins with human resource planning which helps to

determine the number and type of people an organization needs. Job analysis and job design

enables to specify the task and duties of jobs and qualifications expected from prospective job.

HRP, job analysis and job design help to identify the kind of people required in an organization

and hence hiring. It should be noted that hiring is an ongoing process and not confined to

formative stages of an organization. Employees leave the organization in search of greener

pastures; some retire and some die in the saddle. More importantly an enterprise grows,

diversifies, take over the other units until all necessitating hiring of new men and women. In

fact, the hiring function stops only when the organization ceases to exist. Recruitment:

According to Flippo, “Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and

stimulating and encouraging them to apply for jobs in an organization.” It is the activity which

links the employer and the job seekers. According to Yoder, “Recruitment is a process to

discover the sources of manpower to meet the requirements of the staffing schedule and to

employ effective measures for attracting that manpower in adequate number to facilitate

effective selection of an efficient working force”.

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 CHAPTER 5

Research Methodology

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Research design

Research design is a system or plan for an investigation/study that controls the accumulation

and analysis of the data. It is a guide or blueprint as indicated by which research is to be

conducted. The research design is given below:

NATURE OF RESEARCH

The research design pursued for this study is descriptive research for breaking down the 65

gathered information, different statistical tools and methods we are additionally used for the

reason to analyses and interpret the collected data.

Descriptive

Descriptive research incorporates overviews and certainty findings enquiries of various kinds.

The significant reason for descriptive research is descriptions of the situation at it exists at

present. The technique for research used in descriptive research are overview strategy for all

kinds, including correlation and comparative methods.

sources of data collection

Some common data collection methods include surveys, interviews, observations, focus

groups, experiments, and secondary data analysis. The data collected through these methods

can then be analyzed and used to support or refute research hypotheses and draw conclusions

about the study's subject matter.

SAMPLING METHOD

Method

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The two main sorts of data for presenting the study have been Primary and Secondary data

Primary Source – The data required for the study has been collected form –

Questionnaire - Survey among the officials employees.

Personal Interview – with the company representative regarding requirement and selection.

Secondary Source – The secondary data has been collected form :

Books

Secondary sources can include: Most books about a topic. Analysis or interpretation of data.

Scholarly or other articles about a topic, especially by people not directly involved.

Journals

A research journal is a periodical that contains articles written by experts in a particular field

of study who report the results of research in that field. The articles are intended to be read by

other experts or students of the field, and they are typically much more sophisticated and

advanced than the articles found in general magazines.

Modes of Analysis : The instrument used for data collection was in the form of questionnaire.

The questionnaire was used as it facilitates the tabulation sampling method:- survey is done by

random sampling method.

Sample size – 20

Sample Area – Kanpur

Analysis of the data to be collected . the data collected was subjected to simple frequency

distribution and percentage Analysis .

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 CHAPTER 6

Data Interpretation and Finding

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79
 Yes

Response Percentage

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 Findings

After the data analysis and interpretation, the findings are:

 Both internal as well as external sources of recruitment used.

 Consultancies (40%) and advertisement (25%) are the two main external sources of

recruitment.

 The recruitment and selection process are decentralized.

 About 80% of the employees are satisfied with recruitment and selection process. 

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 CHAPTER 7

Conclusions & Recommendations

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 Conclusions

Recruitment as being one of the major topics is required by most of the organization. Hence

the study helped in understanding the various aspects of recruitment and selection process. In

the BHARTI AIRTEL the sources of recruitment are effective, the internal selection of the

organization also in an economical means which also reduce costs, only after looking the

efficiency of the existing employee towards the company and his sincerity that employee will

be selected, in BHARTI AIRTEL the effective selection process is adopted in the last 5 years.

It can be retained as such. Also, the employees of Bharti Airtel are satisfied with the recruitment

and selection process Also they are well aware about the various sources and methods of

recruitment and selection.

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 Recommendations

From the findings I can suggest Bharti Airtel, Noida Branch following things for the more

effectiveness of recruitment and selection process:

 More emphasis should be given on internet and advertisement so that more and more

candidates apply for the jobs and it will be easy to find the right employee among them.

 Company should try to use the internal recruitment process first because it incurs less

cost and acts as a motivational factor to the employees.

 Also, company should adopt latest techniques like stress test, psychometric test and
personality test to find the right candidate suitable for the job. 

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 CHAPTER 8

Limitations of the Study

 The employees were busy with their daily schedule and it was very much difficult for

them to give time.

 Personal biasness of various employees may have supplied wrong data.

 Time and money were also an important constraint .

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 Bibliography

1. https://www.ibef.org/industry/telecommunications

2. https://www.ibef.org/industry/telecommunications/showcase/bharti-airtel-ltd

3. https://www.ibef.org/industry/telecommunications/infographic

4. https://www.ibef.org/industry/indian-telecommunications-industry-analysis-presentation

5. https://www.studocu.com/in/document/dr-apj-abdul-kalam-technical-university/masters-of-

business-administration/telecom-industry

6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharti Airtel

7- https://iide.co/case-studies/swot-analysis-of-airtel/#SWOT_Analysis_Of_Airtel

8- https://www.globaldata.com/company-profile/bharti-airtel-ltd/competitors

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 Questionnaire

Answer the following questions:

Q1. Which of these sources of recruitment are used in Bharti Airtel?

a) Internal

b) External

c) Both.

Q2.Does external recruitment brings out the desirable employees in to the organization?

a) Yes

b) No

Q3. Which of the following external sources of recruitment are used in Bharti Airtel?

a) Advertisement

b) Internet

c) Campus drives

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d) Consultancies

e) All of the above.

Q4. Does your company follow different recruitment process for different grades of

employees?

a) Yes

b) No.

Q5.Which form of recruitment is used in Bharti Airtel?

a) Centralized

b) Decentralized

Q6. Are you satisfied with the recruitment process?

a) Yes

b) No.

Q7. Which form of selection is used in Bharti Airtel?

a) Centralized

b) decentralized

Q8. Which of the following methods does your company uses during selection process?

Writtenor aptitude test

a) Group discussion

b) Personal interview

c) Group discussion and personal interview

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d) All of the above.

Q9.Do you think innovative techniques like stress test, psychometric test and personality test

should be used for selection?

a) Yes

b) No

Q10.What is the basis for selection?

a) Merit

b) Experience

c) Both.

Q11. Are you satisfied with the selection process?

a) Yes

b) No

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