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c. carbonatobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) chloride or
carbonatobis(ethy lenediamine)cobalt(1+) chloride
b. tetrachloroplatinate(II) or tetrachloroplatinate(2–)
c. tris(dimethyldithiocarbamato)iron(III) or tris(dimethyldithiocarbamato)iron(0)
d. hexacyanomanganate(II) or hexacyanomanganate(4–)
b. diamminediaquadichlorocobalt(III) or diamminediaquadichlorocobalt(1+)
c. diamminediaquabromochlorocobalt(III) or diamminediaquabromochlorocobalt(1+)
d. triaquabromochloroiodochromium(III) or triaquabromochloroiodochromium(0)
e. dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)platinum(IV) or dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)platinum(2+)
or dichlorobis(1,2-ethanediamine)platinum(IV) or dichlorobis(1,2-
ethanediamine)platinum(2+)
f. diamminedichloro(o-phenanthroline)chromium(III) or diamminedichloro(o-
phenanthroline)chro mium(1+) or diamminedichloro(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(III)
or diamminedichloro(1,10-phenanthroline)chromium(1+)
g. bis(2,2-bipyridine)bromochloroplatinum(IV) or bis(2,2-
bypyridine)bromochloroplatinum(2+)
or bis(2,2-bipyridyl)bromochloroplatinum(IV) or bis(2,2-
bipyridyl)bromochloroplatinum(2+)
h. dibromo[o-phenylene(dimethylarsine)(dimethylphosphine)]rhenium(II) or
dibrom o[o-phenylene(dimethylarsine)(dimethylphosphine)]rhenium(0) or
dibrom o[1,2-phenylene(dimethylarsine)(dimethylphosphine)]rhenium(II) or
dibrom o[1,2-phenylene(dimethylarsine)(dimethylphosphine)]rhenium(0)
i. dibromochlorodiethylenetriaminerhenium(III) or
dibrom ochlorodiethylenetriaminerhenium(0) or dibromochloro(2,2-
diam inodiethylamine)rhenium(III) or dibromochloro(2,2-
diam inodiethylamine)rhenium(0)
9.6 a. dicarbonylbis(dimethyldithiocarbamato)ruthenium(III) or
dicarbonylbis(dimethyldithiocarbamato)ruthenium(1+)
b. trisoxalatocobaltate(III) or trisoxalatocobaltate(3–)
c. tris(ethylenediamine)ruthenium(II) or tris(ethylenediamine)ruthenium(2+)
d. bis(2,2-bipyridine)dichloronickel(II) or bis(2,2-bipyridine)dichloronickel(2+)
9.7 a. Bis(en)Co(III)-µ-amido-µ-hydroxobis(en)Co(III)
4+
N N
H2
N N N
Co Co
N O N
H
N N
b. Diaquadiiododinitritopalladium(IV)
I H2O
I I
I I
I ONO
I I
H 2O I I OH2
Pd Pd
ONO ONO ONO ONO
H2O OH2
enantiomers
c. Fe(dtc)3
S S
–
S CH3
S
S S S S
Fe Fe = C N
S S S S S
S H
S S
At low temperature, restricted rotation about the C—N bond can lead to additional
isomers as a consequence of the different substituents on the nitrogen. These isomers can
be observed by NMR.
+ + +
H2O Cl NH3
Cl Cl Cl
cis trans
mer fac
b. -oxo-bis(pentammine-chromium(III)) ion
4+
H3N H3N H3N NH3
O
Cr Cr
H3N NH3
– – –
O O H2O
O O O O O O
Mn Mn Mn
H2O O O OH2 O O
9.9 a. cis-diamminebromochloroplatinum(II) Pt
Br NH3
O
O O C O
C C C CO
c. tri--carbonylbis(tricarbonyliron(0))
Fe Fe
OC CC CO
O O
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 9 Coordination Chemistry I: Structures and Isomers 127
9.10 O
CH2 C
H2 N O – = N O
O O N N
N N N N O N N O
M M M M
O O O O N O O N
N N O O
fac mer
9.11 M(AB)3
B B A A
A A A A B A A B
M M M M
B B B B A B B A
A A B B
fac mer
9.12 a. [Pt(NH3)3Cl3]+
+ Cl
+
NH 3
Cl Cl
fac mer
b. [Co(NH3)2(H2O)2Cl2]+
+ + + +
NH3 Cl NH3 NH3
Cl Cl NH3 NH3
+ +
OH2 H 2O
H 2O NH3 H 3N OH2
Co Co
Cl NH3 H3N Cl
Cl Cl
enantiomers
c. [Co(NH3)2(H2O)2BrCl]+
+ + + +
OH2 Cl NH3 NH3
+ + + +
OH2 H2O OH2 H2O
Cl Cl Br Br
enantiomers enantiomers
d. Cr(H2O)3BrClI
OH2 H2O
H2 O OH2 H2 O OH2
Cr Cr
Cl I I Cl
Br Br
enantiomers
I Cl Br
e. [Pt(en)2Cl2]2+
2+ 2+ 2+
N N Cl
N N N N N N
Pt Pt Pt
Cl N N Cl N N
Cl Cl Cl
f. [Cr(o-phen)(NH3)2Cl2]+
+ +
+ +
N N
N N
N Cl N NH3
N NH3 H 3N N
Cr Cr
Cr Cr Cl NH3 H3N Cl
Cl NH3 H3N Cl
NH3 Cl
Cl Cl
enantiomers trans Cl ligands trans NH3 ligands
g. [Pt(bipy)2BrCl]2+ 2+ 2+
2+
Br N N
N N N Br Br N
Pt Pt Pt
N N Cl Cl
N N
Cl N N
enantiomers
Br Br P P
P P P As Br As As Br
Re Re Re Re
As As As P Br As As Br
Br Br P P
As As As As
Br P P Br Br P P Br
Re Re Re Re
Br P P Br Br As As Br
As As P P
i. Re(dien)Br2Cl
Cl Cl Br
N Br Br N N Cl
Re Re Re
N Br Br N N Br
N N N
Br Cl
N Cl N Br
Re Re
N N N N
Br Br
9.13 a. M(ABA)(CDC)
C A B B
A D C B C A A C
M M M M
B A D A D A A D
C C C C
b. M(ABA)(CDE)
C A A
A D C B B C
M M M
B A D A A D
E E E
B B
C A A C
M M
D A A D
E E
A A
C A A C
M M
D B B D
E E
9.14
A A A
C B A B B A
M M M
B C B C C B
A C C
A A C C
A B B A A A A A
M M M M
B C C B B B B B
C C C C
B B B B
A C C A A A A A
M M M M
B A B B B C C B
C C C C
9.15 a. The “softer” phosphorus atom bonds preferentially to the soft metal Pd (see Section 6.6.1).
b, c. Abbreviating the bidentate ligands N P :
Cl Cl P P
P P P N Cl N N Cl
Ni Ni Ni Ni
N N N P Cl N N Cl
Cl Cl P P
N N N N
Cl P P Cl Cl P P Cl
Ni Ni Ni Ni
Cl P P Cl Cl N N Cl
N N P P
Cl Cl
S P S N
M M
O N O P
Cl Cl
N N P P
Cl P P Cl Cl N N Cl
M M M M
Cl O O Cl Cl O O Cl
S S S S
N N P P
Cl P P Cl Cl N N Cl
M M M M
Cl S S Cl Cl S S Cl
O O O O
N –
9.18 There are 18 isomers overall, six with the chelating ligand in a mer geometry and 12 with
the chelating ligand in a fac geometry. All are enantiomers. They are all shown below, with
dashed lines separating the enantiomers.
N N N N N N
P Br Br P P Br Br P P NH 3 H3N P
M M M M M M
As OH2 H2O As As NH3 H 3N As As OH2 H2 O As
N N N N N N
P N N P P N N P P N N P
M M M M M M
As OH2 H2O As As NH3 H3N As As Br Br As
Br Br Br Br OH2 OH2
9.19 a. b. c. d.
9.20 All are chiral if the ring in b does not switch conformations.
O Mo S Mo
9.22 a, b. 1. Mo O Mo O
Mo S Mo O
O W O W
Cs C3v
O Mo S Mo
2. Mo O Mo S
Mo S Mo O
S W O W
Cs Cs
S Mo Mo S O Mo Mo O
Mo O O Mo Mo S S Mo
3.
Cr O O Cr Cr O O Cr
Se W W Se Se W W Se
C1 C1 C1 C1
Se Mo Mo Se O Mo Mo O
Mo O O Mo Mo Se Se Mo
Cr O O Cr Cr O O Cr
S W W S S W W S
C1 C1 C1 C1
S Mo S Mo
Mo Se Mo Se
Cr O W O
O W O Cr
Cs Cs
c. Yes, provided the structure has no symmetry or only Cn axes. Examples are the
structures with C1 symmetry in part a.
9.23 The 19F doublet is from the two axial fluorines (split by the equatorial fluorine). F
+
The 19F triplet is from the equatorial fluorine (split by the two axial fluorines). O
Os F
The two doubly bonded oxygens are equatorial, as expected from VSEPR O
considerations. Point group: C2v F
9.24 Examples include both cations and anions:
– – – – –
[Cu(CN)2] , [Cu2(CN)3] , [Cu3(CN)4] , [Cu4(CN)5] , [Cu5(CN)6]
[Cu2(CN)]+, [Cu3(CN)2]+, [Cu4(CN)3]+, [Cu5(CN)4]+, [Cu6(CN)5]+
Based primarily on calculations (rather than experimental data), Dance et al. proposed
linear structures such as the following:
–
[Cu(CN)2] : NC—Cu—CN
–
[Cu2(CN)3] : NC—Cu—CN—Cu—CN
–
[Cu3(CN)4] : NC—Cu—CN—Cu—CN—Cu—CN
+
[Cu2(CN)] : Cu—CN—Cu
+
[Cu3(CN)2] : Cu—CN—Cu—CN—Cu
+
[Cu4(CN)3] : Cu—CN—Cu—NC—Cu—CN—Cu
Where 2-coordinate copper appears in these ions, the geometry around the Cu is linear, as
expected from VSEPR.
9.25 The bulky mesityl groups cause sufficient crowding that the phosphine ligands can show
chirality (C3 symmetry) and can be considered as similar to left-handed (PL) and HC 3
9.26 The point group is D3h. A representation based on the nine 1s orbitals
of the hydride ligands is:
D3h E 2C3 3C2 h 2S3 3v
Re
9 0 1 3 0 3
A1 1 1 1 1 1 0 z2
E 2 –1 0 2 –1 0 (x, y), (x2–y2, xy)
A2 1 1 –1 –1 –1 1 z
E 2 –1 0 –2 1 0 (xz, yz) = H
NN NN
NN
O Cr O O Cr O
O Cr O
OO OO OO O
O OO OO
O Mn O O Mn
Mn O O Mn O O O
O O O O
O O OO O
O OO O OO O
O Cr O O Cr O
O Cr O
NN NN
NN
9.28 N
N N
O O
N Co N
N N
N O O N
N N
O O
O O
Co Co
O
O
O N O
N N
N N
N N N N
N N
N N
O N O
O O
Co Co
O O
O O
N N
N O O N
N N
N Co N
O O
N N
9.30 All four metal-organic frameworks studied (MOF-177, Co(BDP), Cu-BTTri, Mg 2 (dobdc) ) are
significantly more effective at adsorbing carbon dioxide relative to adsorbing hydrogen. This is
attributed, in part, to the higher polarizability of CO 2 relative to that of H 2 . The formation of an
induced dipole in these gases by exposed cations within MOFs is an important prerequisite for
adsorption. The two MOF properties that most strongly correlate with CO 2 adsorption capacity
are MOF surface area and MOF accessible pore volume. As these values (tabulated below)
increase, the CO 2 adsorption capacity increases.
The graphs in Figure 1 of the reference clearly indicate that Mg 2 (dobdc) adsorbs the most CO 2
at 5 bar. The arrangement and concentration of open Mg 2+ cation sites on the Mg 2 (dobdc)
surface is hypothesized to render this MOF more susceptible to CO 2 adsorption. This MOF,
along with Cu-BTTri, which also features exposed metal sites, are identified as the best prospects
for CO 2 H 2 separation.
9.31 The synthesis and application of amine-functionalized MOFs for CO 2 adsorption is the general
topic of the reference. While the M 2 (dobdc) series of MOFs were proposed as excellent
candidates for this functionalization (on the basis of their relatively large concentration of
exposed metal cation sites), their amine-functionalization proved difficult. This was attributed to
the relatively narrow MOF channels that may hinder amine diffusion into M 2 (dobdc) .
One hypothesized solution was to prepare a MOF with the M 2 (dobdc) structure-type, but with
larger pores. The wider linker dobpdc (below, along with dobdc for comparison) was used in the
hope of obtaining MOFs with larger pores.
O O
O O
O
O O
O
dobdc
O O
dobpdc
9.32 This reference discusses application of porphyrin-containing MOFs where the porphyrin provides
a binding site for Fe(III) and Cu(II). The precursor to the porphyrin linker (TCPP) is provided
below; the resulting carboxylates of this linker permit its incorporation into the MOF.
HOOC COOH
N
H
N N
H
N
HOOC COOH
In terms of similarities and differences, MOF-545 can be metallated with both Fe(III) and Cu(II)
via a premetallation strategy, while MOF-525 requires alternate procedures for incorporation of
Cu(II) (premetallation) and Fe(III) (postmetallation), respectively.
Transcriber’s Notes:
Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.