31

Pyknometer-Take 100 mL. of the sample raction thus, 20°, meaning the specific gravity at 20° c
II. By
revenuefiask: add about 50 mL. of distilled water 20°
in a istil. Collect 100 mL, of the distill¡te, Find out referred to water at 20° c.
and
specific gravity of this distillate by weighing in
the
pyknometer at room temperature, For calculating the In order to determine the specific gravity at a given
specific gravity at 60°F. the necessary temperature temperature t referred to water at its maximum density
correction should be applied according to Jenks tempe- 4° c., sometimes called the true specific gravity or den
correction tables and the corresponding alcoho- sity, the value determincd at (° should be multiplied
rature
strength both in terms of 'per cent proof and 'per
lic yolume/volume can be known with the help of
cent by the density ot water at t°, taken form Table A. Thus
spirit tables, the value for 20° must be multiplied by 0.998234 to
20°
obtain the value at 20°
Determination of Alcohol
4°
Measure a suitable- quantity of the sample into a
coO mi. beer flask and dilute to 150 mL with distilled liuuids Analysis of Fermented Liquors
containing more than 25 percent of alcohol, as
ionors or medicinal preparations, use 25-mL., with, The taste of the fermented alcoholic preparation
of alcohol, as wines the
depends on the flavour, colour and "bouquet'ofofsuch
liguids containing a less percentage
nSe 100 mL. With some wines orshoukt other preparations 0everage. During examination
that are distinctly acid, the acidity be neutraliscd following observations are recorded.
with dilute sodium hydroxide before distilling, or a pinch
(0.1 0.2)gram of precipitated calcium
carbonate may (1) .Colour
he added to the flask. Distill rather slowly at first, about
flask with a long narrow (2) Odour
95 ml, into a 100 mL. graduated
tip of the pipette attached
neck, so arranged that the some (3) Appearance--clear or turbid
to the condenser is inserted little distance into the solutions
neck of the flask. Fillto the mark (at the proper tem (4) Sugars--tested with Fehling's
and take sediments of the
perature) with distilled water, mix thoroughly, or at any (5) Presence of Yeastthe examined under the
the specific gravity with a pyknometer at 20°c, liquor are collected and
20° c microscope for the presence of yeast cells
table (characteristic shape).
convenient temperature t°C, and convert to 20°Cby
4° hydrometer
alcohol, from (6) Apparent Specific Gravity-(If of
"A. Obtain the corresponding value for the distillate may reads below 1000° it shows the presence
table 'B'. If desired the Tefraction of alcoholic distilled product).
be determined by the Immersion refractometer and the
gravity of
alconol figure taken from table C. It is often a good
other and
(7) Real alcoholic strengthspecifc
distilled product is determin
Plan to use both methods as a check on_each the single bulk
Snow the possible presence of methyl alcohol. ed by pyknometer method.
value--determined in case of beer
(8) pH
weight in the distillate samples only.
1ne percentage of alcohol by
course be taken diectly acetic acid-5 mL.
Pyknometer method can of (9) Total acidity in terms of distilled water and
table. An alcohol table giving with
Om -the appropriate apparent specinc of the liquor is diluted phenolphtha
PlCentages of alcohol by yolume attemperatures from titrated against N/20 KOH PusingmL. of tke N/20
aities for a convenient range of lein as indicator. Assume
liquor would
35° KOH are used i.e. 100 mL, of the
official methods" 100 mL,
20 l0 Will be found in fhe 1935 require Px100 mL. X N or gms per
35° 20
of Agricultural Chemists. in terms
the of official of liquor Px l00 x0.003 (expresscd
Since in Association
the preparation weights
weightings
of the table 'B' al!of distillates
haveand ofbeen reduced to vacuo, thepyknometer should for of acetic acid).
eXact workwaterbe contained inforthethe buoyant effect0.00106
of the
Chloral hydrate-the substance is mixed with
corrected
air. This may be done in each case by adding that the (10) liquors especially Toddy to increase the
gram for each gram distillate Fugiwara test.
of water or of this toxicity. lt is detected by
Since, however, after addi
corPyknomet
rection er
apparently contains.distilláte and the water 20 mL. of the liquor is distilled
hydrate converts
is applied to both the gravity figure is very tion of NaOH. The chloral over. To 2 mI
slweigihtghinandgs, can
its effect on the specific into chloroform and distills
ordinary Work. the distillate in a test tubc add 2 ml
be neglected for all concentrated caus
it is ad- of pyridine and 1 mL, of colour indicates
In of a liquid
the Specific gravity at tic soda solution. Bo:l, a read
visable stating
determina- liquor.
the presence of chloral hydrate in the
which
10n wasto made,
rCcord the temperature water
temperature of the of a
WIth whichit is as well as the done in the form
compared. This is