1

FINAL RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

POLICE INVESTIGATION REFORMS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
(COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PESHAWAR AND MERGED DISTRICTS)

SUBMITTED BY
IJAZ AHMAD
CLASS NO: 170735
SUPERVISED BY
Mr. MUHAMMAD DAUD ZAHID

DEPARTMENT OF SHARIAH AND LAW

ISLAMIA COLLEGE UNIVERSITY PESHAWAR
SESSION 2017-2022
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APPROVAL SHEET
Final Research Assignment of Mr. Ijaz Ahmad has been approved

SIGNATURE: ______________________________
SUPERVISOR: MR. MUHAMMAD DAUD ZAHID
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF SHARIAH AND LAW
ISLAMIA COLLEGE PESHAWAR

COUNTER SIGNED BY: ______________________________

COORDINATOR
DEPARTMENT OF SHARIAH AND LAW
ISLAMIA COLLEGE PESHAWAR
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DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to my PARENTS,
citadels of hope and determination, whose golden
hearts remain eternally etched in my mind.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
All Worships and Praises are Only to ALLAH the almighty (Lord the Creation), the
potency of the universe, ever help in shadow and difficulties. I would like to express
my humbles thanks and innumerable salutation to the holy Prophet Muhammad
(P.B.U.H), the beacon for enlightenment, the Spring of Knowledge, the courier of
peace, prevalent patron of the mankind ever had and forever torch of assistance for
Humanity.

I highly obliged to Sir Iftikhar Ahmad Khan, Head of the Department of Shariah and
Law, Islamia College University Peshawar for his counseling inspiration and helpful
during the course work. I am very Thankful to Sir Muhammad Daud Zahid, for giving
me idea, Guidance, Suggestions and technical advice has been instrumental for this
research Assignment.

I reckon it supreme pleasure to avail the prospect to express the heartiest appreciation and
profoundest sense of loyalty to my teachers of Shariah and Law Department, Islamia
College Peshawar for their invigorating guidance, enthusiastic interest and ample help
during study period.

I would like to wish wholehearted thanks to my brothers, Mr. Mumtaz Ali, Dr. Hayat
Ullah, Mr. Habib Ullah, my PARENTS and my friends for their kind behavior,
scholastic guidance and assistance.

Thank You All..!!

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION..........................................................................................................ii
DEDICATION............................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .............................................................................................IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................VI
LIST OF TABLES ..........................................................................................ix
DEFINITION OF TERMS ..........................................................................................xi
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................xiv
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of the study
1.3 Statement of Problem
1.4 Baluchistan Police Act of 2011
1.5 KP Police Act of 2017
1.6 Research Question.
1.7 Objective of Study
1.8 Scope and Limitation
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 The Irish Constabulary Model
2.1.2 The London Model
2.1.3 The Irish and British Models
2.1.4 The Napier’s Police Organization
2.1.5 The Rationale for Napier’s Model
2.2 Politics of Police Reform
2.3 Police Image and the Media in Pakistan
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Methodology
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3.2 Population
3.3 Sampling Technique
3.4 Data Collection
3.5 Data Analysis and Presentation
CHAPTER 4
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Data Analysis and Interpretation
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of Findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
References
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LIST OF TABLES
Table name
Table 4.1 is the police force well trained for investigation
Table 4.2 is the police force well equipped for investigation?

Table 4.3 is there any minimum education required for an investigation officer?

Table 4.4 Are you well equipped for technical cases?

Table 4.5 what are the hurdles in investigation?

Table 4.6 Are you overburdened with investigation?

Table 4.7 Are you understaffed?

Table 4.8 what is conviction ratio?

Table 4.9 what are the issues in structure of police investigation?

Table 4.10 is there any reward (financial and ranking) for successfully investigating a case?

Table 4.11 does transfer and posting affect your performance from one section to another?

Table 4.12 how police investigation reforms can be made successful?

Table 4.13Are you satisfied with police investigation reforms in KPK?

Table 4.14 Are you satisfied with your working environment?

Table 4.15 Are you satisfied with your service structure?

Table 4.16 Have any legal reforms related to investigation process been made by the
government?

Table 4.17 what you suggest for effective police investigation?

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DEFINITION OF TERMS
Police Reforms
Reforms entail implementing measures to correct undesirable situations within a society or
organization (World Bank, 2009). In the context of this study police reform is used to refer to the
measures that are taken to improve the relation between the police and the members of the
public, strategies taken to reduce insecurity and initiatives taken to professionalize the service
and improve the welfare of police officers.
Police
This means any person who is appointed to serve in the police services under police act. For the
purpose of this study police officers will be taken to mean all who are attached police stations in
Peshawar tribal area.
Police Station
It is the basic unit for police service delivery in an area.
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ABSTRACT
This examination zeroed in on the examination of police changes in KPK. Accessible writing
demonstrated that police change in KPK had become an unmistakable arrangement issue that
was being executed. Thus, worries on the examination of police changes approached during the
usage cycle. To address these worries, the examination in this manner pointed toward looking at
the examination that was influencing execution of changes inside KPK. The particular goals
were to examine the vital highlights of police changes. A graphic overview research
configuration including utilization of surveys was utilized. The investigation focused on a
populace of police. Scientist utilizing delineated irregular testing for gathering information.
Quantitative information was broke down utilizing spellbinding frequencies with the guide of
Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS). The investigation uncovered that police changes
had not inspired observable acknowledgment from cops. The examination likewise uncovered
that they face challenges while tackling the case since they have less staff and they have
additional weight to address cases. The examination suggested that administration should make a
few strides and give them a legitimate preparing to tackle cases on schedule.
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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Police changes involve executing measures to address unfortunate circumstances inside a general
public or association (World Bank, 2009). With regards to this reference police change is utilized
to improve the connection in between the police and the individuals from people in general.
Techniques have been taken to decrease uncertainty and activities taken to professionalize the
assistance and improve the government assistance of cops. The police are the cutting edge power
for keeping up peace in any advanced cultivated society. The founder of Pakistan and the great
leader of the nation addressed to the first CA of Pakistan on 11August1947, the first duty of a
Government are to maintain law and order, so that life, property and religious beliefs of its
subjects are fully protected by the State. State esteem is dependent on to how well it establishes
public order and ensures safety of its citizens. The crisis of law and order has declined over the
years in Pakistan. While the country law enforcing agency (police) is expected to show more
efforts tackling these serious issues facing the land of pure. This department has pivotal role in
establishing peace and security. It beefs up the law of the land and protects the life and property
of the common man. Similarly, police services have largely been criticized in Pakistan. It is very
necessary to reform police department. Reforms are suggested by experts and policy makers.
Those reforms included politicizing the institute and providing that needfulequipment. The
government should establish a firm accountability system to overcome those menaces faced by
people. Shockingly, the foundation of the police in the country is far from reality and proper
duty. Unfortunately, in the pre Partition time, the police were utilized as an apparatus to stifle the
individuals who scrutinized the British Raj. Sticking to the pioneer custom, the police in Pakistan
have been abused by the decision first class to broaden their control over the majority and secure
their inclinations. The police departments in Pakistan are generally corrupt organization. It has been
politicized there is a clear disconnect between police and the general public. Previous researches have
been done to show that police is the least trusted department in Pakistan. The history of Pakistan shows
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that a few efforts have been done to reform the police. Due to political dilemma in Pakistan, those efforts
made no significant impacts. There is traditional institutional framework in police that promotes
corruption. Similarly, the recruitment process is not totally based undemocratic norms. Recruitments and
postings are made on through political basis. There is no proper meritocracy in department. At the same
time, the police department also faces the problems. Lack of need-bias resources and archaic professional
training further aggravates the situation. In this alarming time, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa police is making a
difference in this regard. The police in Pakistan, consequently, have been an objective of analysis
notwithstanding obvious execution and important penances delivered by them to keep up peace.
Throughout some undefined time frame, numerous endeavors have been made to acquire
underlying changes the organization however they couldn't be completely appeared. A huge
advance was taken by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) in figuring the new Police Act of 2017 which
has added to building a positive police picture among the populace. Likewise, Sind and different
territories have taken measures to change the police. The reason for this article is to follow the
advancement of police changes and examine different adaptations of the Police Act being
continued in Pakistan, with the end goal of recognizing the explanations for failure or low
execution of the police division overall and offer a couple of proposals based on this
examination.

Policing is the lynchpin in the arrangement of lawfulness in any general public, filling in as the
cutting edge power to manage circumstances emerging from inside security clashes, other than
managing hoodlums and criminals. The organization of the police is thusly held in high regard
by the state and by the residents which determine the feeling of the insurance & security from
actual presence by the establishment. The sensation of law and order is additionally intensified
when police builds up an affinity of polished methodology, genuineness, commitment, brief
activity and prepared accessibility at the period of scarcity. Sadly, in Pakistan, the police couldn't
develop for itself a feeling of trust among the majority; actually, it has been under analysis from
practically all the cultural quarters because of their supposed defilement, misusing of individuals,
political predisposition and nepotism. Individuals in metropolitan urban areas like Karachi,
Lahore, Peshawar and Rawalpindi don't have a sense of safety even within the sight of police as
they see them as a feature of the issue

To do facilitate logical investigation of Police changes, the basic is to take a relative examination
of the current two thousand two Police Order (PO 2002) and when really proposed in 2002. The
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assessment of what the police of Khyber PakhtoonKhawah (KP Police) did while instituting
2017 Police Act is additionally essential.

1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

As we know there was Imperialism resulted into colonies by some big powers. In the sub-
continent England was prospered in her mission. Freedom is suppressed by the big powers to get
power in this regard. Pakistan was a colony of England. Some departments and laws were
inherited to Pakistan from England. The Police Act1861 was one of them. The primary and
foremost step to find an alternative inside the Irish kind police (colonial) was in vain made inside
a few months of the newly born country (Pakistan). Under the supervision of revolutionary and
able leadership of Governor preferred the founder of Pakistan (Muhammad Ali Jinnah), the Sind
meeting moved an invoice (XXV - 1948) in Feb-1948 for building a cutting-edge police pressure
for the city (former capital of Pakistan), Karachi. In the assertion of items & reasons,
Muhammad AyubKhuhro, leader minister, who efficaciously projected the bill, had to take a
look at: Sir, the bill is a lengthy one; however maximum of the bill is so far in operation in the
city of India (Bombay) and some other cities. Therefore, we are also taking commissioner of
police for the city of Karachi like Bombay and will be giving such powers as given to the
commissioner of police of Bombay. That is the principle concept at the back of it. And the forces
that will appreciate are like appreciate of curfew, parades, gatherings of public, consent which is
of those, directing palms & licenses. He assumes that it is higher time that Karachi metropolis
must have a bill like that and there should be a normal Police Commissioner for this town
Karachi. This meeting handed that bill by seventh Feb-1948 and acetified reproduction assented
via the Speaker. Quite, felony marketing consultant of the Governor trendy have highlighted
some corrections’ at the validated replica of the bill and then forwarded the bill to the office of
Governor of Sind. The reason is still not clear why did he do that, however it seems that the
politics of police reforms did not allow the billTogo back to the Governor prescribed limits, he
due to his speedy worsen health changed into highly unable to take care of government subjects.
(He passed away on 11 Sep, 1948)

Pakistan has made efforts for changing circumstances. It carried out reforms and reviewed the
British policies over the years. On August 14, 2002, an order bearing the number 22 issued by
the government of Pakistan promulgated the new Police Order, replacing the Old Police Act. The
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2002 Police Order redefines the police’s role, its duties and responsibilities. It also reconstructs
the police for efficient prevention and detection of crime. The main objective of this act was
regenerated as it could “function according to the Constitution, law, and democratic aspirations
of the people of Pakistan”. Its aims to create a police service which is professional, service-
oriented and accountable to the people. Later the KP Police Act 2017 beefed up the Police
department in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Major and minor reforms have been done in KP and Punjab
police whom we will illustrate further in the research

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The assertion of the issue is that there are a ton of escape clauses looked by the police while
doing the examination in various sort of case in the settle locale viz-a-viz in the recently
combined areas.

My exploration issues is to discover that generally in settle regions the police power are dealing
with issues because of specific obstacles while doing examination so they will confronted more
issues in the recently combined locale and to look at the likenesses and dissimilarities of both of
the territories.

I have picked the issue that what the job of examination in the show. To discover that why the
convection proportion is less, because of the absence of an efficient and expert examination and
up how much helpless examination is liable for less convection proportion in criminal cases.

1.4 BALUCHISTAN POLICE 2011 ACT

The assembly of Baluchistan has passed in 2011 the (Baluchistan Police Act, 2011), in which the
assembly granting more authority to the organization along with the area judge magistrate, while
directing the Baluchistan police Forces. Moreover in light of the Police Act 1861, the updated
demonstrationreplaced the order of police 2002. This fresh demonstration enables the secretary
of home to post anyone and moves suggestions of the Chief Minister and Services and General
Administration Department.This spread over to all regions of the Baluchistan. Nonetheless,
practically speaking, these forces are presently being practiced while orders of posting of seniors
cops by the IGP up to the position of Additional IGP are given by the CPO.
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1.5 KP 2017 ACT OF POLICE

The Government of Khyber PakhtoonKhawa additionally enacted its own 2017 act of police
revoking the 2002 act of police, by significant degrees with help & endorsement from most of
the cops and political regime. Allies pronounced another police’s changes introduced yet no one
focused on the way as the administration way of policing eradicated. This revised act of police
2017 has granted the IG superior by giving him to make postings and moves up to the position of
AIG. Truth be told, a few eyewitnesses accept the KPK Police Branch has been granted
opinionated, responsible and free to play out act upkeep obligations with no impressive political
interference. The proclamation of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police Act 2017, however, envoys
various strides towards operational, authoritative and monetary self-sufficiency of the I G of
Police & foundation of organizations, its miss the mark in numerous territories while thoroughly
analyzed with the Khyber PakhtoonKhawa 2002 orderof Police. Moreover, in Khyber
PakhtunKhawa, the 2002 order of Police zeroed in on the decentralization of power at different
levels, the current law brings together each expert in individual of I G of Police. The ancient
requests have presented vast ranging authoritative, monetary and functional forces on the
(Capital police officer) C P O, (City Police Officer) CPO and (District Police Officer) DPO.

City was proclaimed like different General Area under the 2002 Police Order, and the CPO
delighted under the head’s authority of connected division. That has been discarded in the new
rule. This sort of game plan is alleged to tackle profitable in respect with substantial ability Of
CPO. The A I G presiding various branches has not granted responsibilityof postings and moves.
According to the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa2017 act of police, the much herald idea of partition of
examination vigilanthas been covered. Extra IG Inquiry is not, at this point the head of Inquiry.
SPs of Inquiry in their respective posting will presently answer to DPO. DPO has authorized
mindful to assess yearly execution of Superintendent of Police examination along DIG as the
Corroborating Officer and IG the 2ndCorroborating Officer. At this takeoff, an entire idea of
useful specialty through which contemporary regulating rotates is relied upon to reach a
conclusion.
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1.6 Research Question.

i) What are the main reforms in Police Investigation in Merged Districtsand District Peshawar?
ii) What are the main issues faced by Police during Investigation in district Peshawar and
Merged Districts?

1.7 Objective of Study

The main objectives of the study are:
i) To find out and analyze the differences in police investigation reforms in district Peshawar and
Tribal Merged Districts.
ii) To find out the extent to which things help to reform police in tribal Merged Districts and
district Peshawar.
iii) To find out what type of reform may help to achieve the purpose of investigation and to make
recommendations for reforming police investigation.

1.8 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The examination was led inside the setting of police examination changes and focused on
respondents from KPK police as it were. In accordance with the need to guarantee finish of the
examination inside the foreordained courses of events and spending plan while keeping up its
importance, the investigation was restricted to one zone for example KPK. A few regions of
concern with respect to the examination theme additionally arose during the writing audit;
however the specialist just centered on exploring the advancement and difficulties of police
examination changes in area Peshawar and ancestral locale Khyber. The objective populace of
this investigation was police from region Peshawar and ancestral locale Khyber
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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction
This is very necessary to understand the basis difference in between a pilgrim police and a
police implied for a free country. The former has equipped at raising semi-mobilized, semi-
proficient, and the ability of collections of men for taking everything under control by repressing
a daily basis violent and threatening local population. The latter pointed toward building
excellent experts trusted to anticipate and identify crime in mass, different-ethnic and generally
cognizant networks, by and fair-minded implementation of laws. The early one realized in what
way to manage, the latter to serve in efficient way. Another significant motivation behind why
hard hand and viable power upon illegal equity organization has sensedsimple was to secure the
benefits of European working class liable for exchange & organization in Bharat. With this mind,
that researcher who researched and worked hard to chargedcriminal cases had adequately
subjected tothe Officer (district officers). In addition to this fact that the association of particular
dimensions in a single administration officialswere mistaken in principle and terrible on a
fundamental level, it was additionally in opposition to the pre-British and antiquated Indian
practices under which there existed a virtual partition between the legal executive and the leader.
This – unsound – position of District Officer was seriously reprimanded even by numerous
Britons, yet it was felt to be "significant" to the support of British guideline in India. As the
superseding objective of police association planned in 1861 was to keep up the soundness of the
Raj, the intention was commendably accomplished through copying the Irish Constabulary
model – by setting police under course and control of the leader authority through the workplace
of the District Officer who went about as the specialist of the pilgrim government.
2.1.1 The Irish Constabulary Model
As Britain extended its domain, a policing model considered ideal for provincial principle came
to be distinguished. The model depended basically on the experience the English had while they
attempted to authorize request in Ireland (which dismissed guideline from Westminster) through
Irish Constabulary set up under the Constabulary Acts of 1822 and 1836. What called attention
to bythe Maw by (Nineteen nightly), Irish Law enforcement looked for authenticity at (W M)
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instead of amongst the native populace. This was an option in contrast for a multitude of work
with no local area order at all. On an underlying level it was exceptionally brought together with
a perceived hierarchy of leadership from the lower constable, to boss and to assessor general.
There thusly were mindful to the boss and master.
Secondly, huge trait of this model is that it solidly settled the rule that the constables were liable
to the main head as opposed to the law, the central head himself being mindful to focal
administration. Jeffries (nineteen fifty two, 31) likewise noticed which show that the Irish
diagram was measured as the perfect component for tackling the particular arrangement for
peace issues: It is clear enough that according to the perspective of the Colonies there was a lot
of fascination in a course of action which gave which we would nowadays call a Para military
association, equipped, & prepared for working as a specialist of the principal regime in the
country in which the populaces were pre-predominantly rustic, interchanges were weak, social
circumstances were to a great extent crude, and the plan of action to brutality by individuals from
the public who were against the public authority' was not rare. It was normal that such a power,
as opposed to one coordinated on the lines of the simply nonmilitary personnel and confined
powers of Great Britain ought to have been taken as a reasonable model for transformation to
pioneer conditions.
2.1.2 The London Model
The Metropolitan Police Act 1829 set up the rules that formed present day English policing. In
the first place, policing was to be preventive and the essential methods for policing were obvious
watching by formally dressed cops. Second, order and control were to be kept up through a
concentrated, semi military authoritative construction. Third, police were to show restraint,
indifferent and proficient. Fourth, the authority of the English constable got from three authority
sources – the crown (not the ideological group in force), the law, and the assent and co-activity
of the populace.
At long last, the supervision of the Home Secretary was to work in those matters such as
foundation, organization, &punitive guidelines, leaving the heading of policing as such in the
possession of the 2Combined Commissioners and now the Commissioner for the Metropolitan
Police. All- in- all, the secretary for state was not unequivocally or certainly both given the
position to coordinate police activities. Controlling in Britain for as long as one hundred and
seventy three years have kept on laying on the expansive standards, and the act of police ensures
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the freedom of the workplace of boss head. In keeping up duty of heading and control of the
powers assigned to him, this Act of police puts high an incentive on the rules that the main
policeman ought to be liberated from the customary cycles of majority rule regulator and impact
corresponding to choices in public cases.
2.1.3 The Irish and British Models
Thought about utilizing the 3 measures which authenticity, design & capacity, Maw by exhibits
that both the English &Foreign models of policing are very same. Regarding authenticity, while
the British framework is to establish on the law and on neighborhood management responsibility,
an outsider position utilizing the law to outfit the motivation legitimizes and the provincial model
the pioneer framework, the constabularies not rarely taken the part of justice, corrections officer
& agent. And the request forced by this police didn't naturally fair with the rules regulations and
law and with that this was routinely united. Arnold by his limited way, an equivalent could be
assumed of the design.
However the powers of police in England is highly decentralized, regular citizen, and has not
coordinated in a armed style, albeit high-ranking officials would in general be enlisted from the
armed, and pilgrim framework highlighted a armed design, along with, staff frequently haggard
from the military, typically(positively on account of senior officials) outsiders, furnished, and
living in independent quarters. The two models are likewise particular as far as their capacities.
While the police powers under the English framework acknowledged obligation regarding a
scope of non-wrongdoing assignments, their duties regarding general organization were no place
as significant as in the provincial model. In addition, the part of the previous in keeping
everything under control and shielding the government of political dissent, however barely
overlooked, but has not ever accomplished the need this had in the settlements.
Moreover Arnold contends, inside the provincial framework the qualification among politics&
wrongdoing regulator works are generally bogus in nature. The frontier system wrongdoing &
governmental issue was practically indistinguishable: genuine wrongdoing was a certain
insubordination of government power and a potential preface which defiance political
obstruction was considering either a wrongdoing or probably event for this. The assets and
abilities created in fighting one were openly utilized to crush the others. No big surprise, at this
point, that in India, where a little involving power forced outsider guideline joining managerial,
legal and police works, the police association that arose would in general follow Irish example,
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while in nations like (UNITED STATES) US and Australia whose stayed underneath pilgrim
instruction however the native populace was less in number make them minority or potentially
regulating pioneers were the need, theBritish Indians urban areas of the cities of Calcutta
(presently Kolkata), Madras (presently Chennai) and Bombay (presently large city Mumbai),
elective regulating frameworks like the white people framework arose.
2.1.5 The Justification for Napier’s Model
The association of Napier silly is an intentional takeoff from the Irish Constabulary model,
which the creator of the fresh plan had allegedly attempted to follow. This was an ordinarily
strange game plan that stunned the scholars yet which made 'sense' considering the points and
characters which is of the – provincial – organization (Griffith-1971). The historical decision of
East India Company on Police Reforms. This might appear very unfathomable that the heads of
British, with open-minded foundations, didn't trust in the guideline of detachment of forces. In
reality the greater part of them did; yet as logical thinkers this was their thought about vision that
by simply increasing and not by evaluation or amending the police motions taken on daily basis
by the command of head would the injunction of the sovereigns be set up with limit of life &
straightforwardness. There is specific advancement in perspectives, be that as it may, began with
the report of bird committee of eighteen thirty eight.

This Commission was entrusted for the investigation of the allure of presenting in police in
Bharat changes like that Shell had presented in 1829 in London. By the wake of focusing on that
the central reason for police shortcoming was its insufficient management, the Committee
suggested that command on police be awarded only to an authorized rather than the Collector but
only high officials. A hot debate followed by the Bird report. Additionally, there came a searing
prosecution of the framework by the eighteen fifty five Torture Commission, which presumed
that the income experts in Madras were terribly abusing the police forces to blackmail income by
the helpless workers. These noteworthy advancements drove the head (directors) of the East
India Company to inspect once again the irritated subject of police change in Bharat.
The Directors gave orders in 1856, subsequent to looking at the accessible proof underlining that
further hierarchical improvement of police all through the sub-landmass would continue on the
fundamental reason that the Magistrate at district level would seize to have any part in the
undertakings of police department. According to the fundamental standards of an advanced
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association, the directors decided to submit the police department only to a European director of
police dependable just to the departmental chain of importance. That is what might be named as
the main arrangement mandate of 24 of Sep, 1856 for the rearrangement of law enforcement
agency all through India under British control, all the heads (Directors) saw that the police
department in Bharat had heartbreakingly flopped in achieving the errands for that purpose it was
set up. Recognizing inadequate and unreasonable control by the Magistrate at District level as
one of the significant reasons for police department disappointment. Moreover the administration
of the police department of each region must remove from the control of the Magistrate and
focused on a European official with no different obligations and dependable to the General of
Police Superintendent for the entire administration.
The logical drivers for police changes work at an assortment of levels that are country explicit in
certain examples while some are because of worldwide improvements which sway on police
associations across country states (Savage, 2007). Nonetheless, openness of framework
disappointments inside the police foundation in its prior courses of action has assumed a basic
part in supporting the mission for police changes (on the same page). As per Alemika (2007),
there has been an expanding interest for police change hastened by the need to have proficient,
responsive and responsible police administrations. In the United Kingdom, police changes were
catalyzed by openness of framework disappointments that included police debasement and
unnatural birth cycles of equity (Savage, 2007; Punch, 2003; Hahn, 2003).
Definitive wellsprings of data on police changes in Africa demonstrate that absence of or
nonappearance of rule of law authorization endeavors to battle an assortment of violations both
traditional and non-customary has been a significant impetus of police changes (Opolot, 2007).
Political will and readiness to attempt police changes has likewise been referred to as one of the
inspiring elements. Expounding on police change in South Africa for instance Ranch (1993)
contended that, "the African National Congress and other vote based powers, from one
perspective, were seriously underprepared and under-resourced for handling the issue of police
changes."
2.2 Politics of Police Reform
An inept comprehending of the issues faced by the country and the directions that are required to
absolve these issues has contributed to the circular path of the police reforms. Acute fighting’s
among the great powerful groups especially in bureaucracy makes worse understanding and
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continues the status quo, even in the wake of scaring off law and order enigmas. The major
obstacles to police reforms are the absence of the rule of law and the politicization of the police.
Due to the polarization of police, police operations, recruitments, postings, transfers, promotions
and disciplinary proceedings are controlled by politicians and bureaucrats. Police reform will
remain simple political art of composition. Political leadership is required to disengage Pakistan
from rhetoric situation. Simply the widespread abuse of political authority has defamed the
system of governance. Once their influence is eradicated from such departments, it would be
strengthened the institution and they will perform according to departmental SOPs. Lack of
community policing has further aggravated in this regard. There is no proper displacement as
compared to the developed countries. Mutual understanding between officers and citizens is too
weak to corporate with each other. The police officer is working as a catalyst. It moves like
neighborhoods and communities towards solving their own problems. Police encourages citizens
to help and take care of each other. Lack of oversight of policeman also contributes to public
safety problems and creates aggressive environment. Pakistan’s police have very bad image due
to careless behavior in the cases and especially when they deal with the crime scene. They do not
follow the SOPs properly. They only do what are the formalities of institutions. Their careless
work ruins family’s life. Police is not betokening especially what is going on in the crime scene.
Pakistan lacks an automation process. There is weak institutionalism. Institutions are not
equipped with required equipment which is used in investigation. There are a number of issues
affecting quality of investigation. P.S do not have proper investigation rooms. Nonscientific
methods of investigation and interrogation are used due to lack of requisite training and technical
equipment. The KP Police has upgraded its Forensic Science Laboratory1. However, many cases
have to be referred to Forensic Science Laboratory at Lahore. Another major handicap of
investigation is lack of funds corresponding to load of investigation work. Staff is also generally
reluctant to go to work in Investigation section being difficult, accountable and responsible job.
From the last 70 years police have got minimal investment at least due to frequent interruptions
of democratic dispensation in Pakistan. Military rulers have not given importance on building
police capacity. Similarly financial restrictions are cited as an obstacle to reform the police.
Especially governing elite has failed to demonstrate the necessary political will to reform the
 22

police. Because of the lack of political support, many reformat measures have not been taken in
this department

2.3 Police Image and the Media in Pakistan

Police inclusion in media debasement and favoritism & disappointment regarding law
enforcement agency to handle the country of pure undeniable degrees of wrongdoing has
attempted for disintegration of power's validity. In spite of the fact that there has been some
inclusion of fruitful police tasks against wrongdoing, on the grounds that the quantity of
achievements is insignificant, the inclusion has neglected to enhance the picture of law
enforcement agency. Public authorities have started different endeavors at law enforcement
agency change in most recent years, however those endeavor has not gotten huge inclusion in
journalism and mass communication, thus people thinks minimal regarding them. Let’s assume,
the 2002 order of police hasviewed as a significant achievement at strategy domain, mass
communication inclusion of activities were insufficient, better case scenario. The impression of
public regarding police in the Pakistan is to a great extent dependent on two elements: media
depictions and individual cooperation with residents.
TV programming offers looks at police oppression and abuse of honest individuals as an issue of
schedule. The general population, which as of now sees the police as ruthless because of their
antagonistic individual encounters, turns out to be much additionally embittered after watching
programs that fortify their sentiments. In the most recent decade, the country saw the rise of
some non-governmental TV slots, some public & non-governmental radio broadcasts, and
collection of mass media.
The heap of online media instruments, like Face book, YouTube,Whatsapp& web journals have
shaped that easy for people in common to document, look, & comments on law enforcement
agency. Mobile phones catch pictures & filmingfacilitatedexpose unsuitable practices of police,
like, pay off, exploitation of people, & occasions while police in place of the crime. Regularly,
this hook is shipped off bulletin source also, that seldom has left last the opportunity to increase
broadcast sources. Many driving news directs in Pakistan highlight elite week after week
broadcasting on wrongdoing, as well as First Information Report private channels. A significant
numbers of those projects include wrongdoing renovations, featuring together the violations &
theirs dealing by law enforcement agency. Aside with producing community familiarity with the
privileges of residents, this proves additionally improved the picture of law enforcement agency
 23

in the country of pure somewhat. Undoubtedly, the media can go about as a compelling contact
between the general population and the law enforcement agency.

1) Accepting the truth, the law enforcement agency in the country right now wants to
dispatch the personal Frequency Modulation radio broadcast.

2) It is viewed as an unassuming exertion to improve the picture of the police, be that as it

may, if fruitful, it would incredibly assist the power with imparting general society. A few types
of media inclusion can feature police weaknesses and underscore territories that are needing
improvement. Regularly this encourage led to change, though likewise enhancing the picture of
law enforcement agency. A popular arrangement since 1980s named AndhraUjaala (Darkness
and Light), that broadcasted on Television of the country of pure, has a great representation that
is conceivable.
This arrangement focused on the upright cop which was attempting to manage his work sincerely
while adequately procuring community appreciation & regard, however which experienced a bad
& clumsy low-ranking staff. As a result uncontrolled destitution, great expansion, & gas, &
blackouts, community uncertainty in country is at the ascent. The law enforcement agency are
relied upon a deal with public wrongdoing while at the same time managing public fights, whose
themselves show threats to the picture of law enforcement agency. At a same time, the mass
communication is regularly keener on satisfying the general population than covering the truth of
what really distresses the police: restricted assets and helpless preparing. There are significant
manners by that the mass media and law enforcement agency could cooperate to best relationship
to the general population. Moreover news sources will attempt to uncover basic liberties
infringement and police abundances, they likewise should attempt to bring issues to light of the
requirement for police change and effectively uphold the positive work that is being finished.
 24

Chapter 3
Research Methodology
3.1 Methodology
This examination received the quantitative exploration technique to research police change in
area Peshawar and ancestral locale Khyber. Spata (2003), states that near examination may
inspect contrasts and likenesses between the factors of the investigation. It looks at contrasts
between individuals who may have a place with a similar prevailing society. The analyst
gathered information from the police. The information was estimated that how we can improve
the police
3.2 Population
The objective populace of this investigation was police from locale Peshawar and ancestral area
Khyber
3.3 Sampling Technique
Random examining procedure was accordingly used to draw respondents from the investigation
populace. As per Kothari (2004) defined arbitrary examples gave natty gritty data and more solid
information in any investigation.
3.4 Data Collection
Instrument and Procedure The investigation included a survey. Information was gathered from
both territories. The optional sources incorporate course readings, diaries, magazines and the
Internet. The essential source was the survey. The Study of police researching change in locale
Peshawar and ancestral territory of MergedDistrict.
3.5 Data Analysis and Presentation
Reactions from the gathered information were genuinely investigated and deciphered utilizing
the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) into frequencies with the comparing rates
and tables to show the aftereffects of the examination. Quantitative projects like the SPSS
empower the information passage of essentially quantitative information. The analyst received
direct section of information into the framework and not by utilizing programming, for example,
a data set administration programming or bookkeeping page bundle, where the resultant
documents might have been brought into SPSS. The scientist characterized the information
utilizing SPSS interface
 25

CHAPTER 4
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

1) Table 4.1
2) Are the police well trained for investigation?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 8 26.7 26.7 26.7

No 22 73.3 73.3 100.0

Total
30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 26.7 % police investigation officers said that the police is well
trained for investigation while 73.3 % officers said that police in not well trained because there is
not that much resources and police are not well trained for investigation.

Table 4.2
Are the police well equipped for investigation?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 9 30.0 30.0 30.0

No 21 70.0 70.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 30 % policemen related to investigation said that the police are well
equipped for investigation while 70 % said that police in not well equipped for investigation.
 26

Table 4.3

Is there any minimum education required for an investigation officer?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 24 80 80 80

No 6 20 20 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 80 % police investigation officers said that they have a minimum
education required for investigation officer while 20 % other policemen related to investigation
said that there is no minimum education required for investigation officer.

Table 4.4

Are you well equipped for technical cases?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid No 19 63.3 63.3 63.

Yes 11 36.7 36.7 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 63.3 % police investigation officers said that they are not well
equipped for technical cases while 36.7 % other policemen related to investigation said that they
are well equipped.
 27

Table 4.5

3) What are the hurdles in investigation?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Sufficient funds 4 13.3 13.3 13.3
Weak training of
9 30.0 30.0 43.3
investigation
Loss of private witness 8 26.7 26.7 70.0

Under staffed 9 30.0 30.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 13.3 % policemen of investigation wing said that they face hurdle
in sufficient fund for investigation, 30.0% policemen related to investigations said that they face
hurdles because of the weak training of investigation, 26.7 % said that the loss of private witness
make hurdle for them in investigation and 20.0% police investigation officers said because of
understaffed they have to face hurdles during investigation.

Table 4.6

4) Are you overburdened with investigation?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 21 70.0 70.0 70.0

No
9 30.0 30.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding shows that 70.0 % policemen of investigations said that they are overburden
while investigation while 30.0% police related to investigations said they do not face overburden
with investigation.
 28

Table 4.7

Are you understaffed?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 24 80.0 80.0 80.0

No 6 20.0 20.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 80 % police investigation officers said that they are understaffed
and 20 % said that they are not understaffed.

Table 4.8

5) What is conviction ratio?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Less
24 80.0 80.0 80.0

high
6 20.0 20.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding shows that 80% investigation officers said that the conviction ratio is too less
and other said that conviction ratio is okay but they said Government should take action.
 29

Table 4.9

6) What are the issues in structure of police investigation?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Man power and social
8 26.7 26.7 26.7
support
Finical Resources 11 36.7 36.7 63.3
Weak Training. 6 20.0 20.0 83.3
Technical know how 5 16.7 16.7 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 26.7 % police investigation officers said that the they face issue
because of man power and social support, 36.7% investigation police officers said that the issue
is finical resources of investigation, 20% police investigation officers said that weak training
about investigation and 16.7% investigation officers said that we don’t know the technical know-
how that is the major reason of police investigation.

Table 4.10

Is there any reward (financial and ranking) for successfully investigating a case?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 24 80.0 80.0 80.0

No 6 20.0 20.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 80 % police investigation officers said they have reward when they
complete any investigation 20% investigation officers said that there is no reward after
completing case.
 30

Table 4.11

7) Does transfer and posting affect your performance from one section to another?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 17 56.7 56.7 56.7

No 13 43.3 43.3 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 56.7 % investigation officers said the posting and transfer affect
their performances while 43.3 % officers related to investigations that transfer and posting do not
effect on their performances.

Table 4.12

8) How police investigation reforms can be made successful?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Personal level 14 46.7 46.7 46.7
Institutional level 8 26.7 26.7 73.3

Professional level 8 26.7 26.7 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 46.7 % police investigation officers said that the police
investigation reforms can be successful on personal level, 26.7 % said that on the institutional
level and 26.7 % said on the professional level.
 31

Table 4.13

9) Are you satisfied with police investigation reforms in KPK?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 22 73.3 73.3 100.0

No 8 26.7 26.7 26.7

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 73.3 % said they are satisfied with police investigation reform in
KPK while 26.7 % said that they are not satisfied.

Table 4.14

10) Are you satisfied with your working environment?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Yes 24 80.0 80.0 80.0

No 6 20.0 20.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 80 % said the working environment are good and they are very
satisfied with this while 20 % that the working environment is not satisfactory for them.
 32

Table4.15

11) Are you satisfied with your service structure?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

valid Yes 17 56.7 56.7 56.7

No 13 43.3 43.3 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding shows that 56.7 % officers said they are satisfied with their service structure
while 43.3 % police officers said that they are not satisfied with service structure.

Table 4.16
12) Have any legal reforms related to investigation process been made by the
government?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid To coordinate with
15 50.0 50.0 50.0
legal team
To coordinate with
11 36.7 36.7 86.7
judiciary
Technical team 4 13.3 13.3 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 50 % police investigations officers they have legal reform they can
coordinate with legal team 36.7 % officers said that they can coordinate with judiciary while
13.3 % police officers said that they have a technical team.
 33

Table 4.17
13) What you suggest for effective police investigations and Government should take this
steps?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid Training of Investigation 7 23.3 23.3 23.3
Provide FSL in regional level in
4 13.3 13.3 36.7
KPK

Police updates for modern

4 13.3 13.3 50.0
investigation

all of these 15 50.0 50.0 100.0

Total 30 100.0 100.0

The above finding show that 23.3% police investigation officers said that government should
give training for investigation, 13.3 % said that government should provide FSL in regional level
in KPK, 13.3 %said that police should update for modern investigation and 50% said that
government should provide all of these facilities.
 34

CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY OF FINDING, CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction;
These primary targets of the examination were to look at the police examination changes in
Peshawar and ancestral zone with a perspective on recommending proper techniques to help the
cycle push ahead. This part along these lines presents a rundown of discoveries, ends and
proposals just as giving zones of additional examination.
5.2 Summary of Findings
The examination was about examination of police examination change in KPK. The outcome
was that police people are not all around prepared like the police ought to, some said that police
are very much prepared yet the majority of the police people are not concur with it since they
find and we are not that much prepared to deal with the circumstances and the specialized cases
other primary explanation is that police are not exceptional for examination they acknowledge
that they are not exceptional for examination. They say that they have numerous defects. They
can't do examination like the examination ought to be. The significant finding of this information
are they have a base prerequisite for the post of examination official however the standard is
simply rule written in the paper and they are not exceptional to address and explore specialized
cases. The discovering shows that they need a few courses for update and present day specialized
cases then they can satisfy their examination. In any event, when they have a case so they face a
great deal of obstacles to address it some social impacts reference and labor on other hand they
have frail preparing to tackle the cases appropriately. They are understaffed and the fundamental
explanation the deficiency of witness so they face a great deal of obstacles to address and
examine the cases appropriately. The principle finding of this examination of police change is
that they are understaffed so the explanation they can't settle the case and they are overburden
since absence of staff in police headquarters. They have a great deal of cases and they can't
address on time due to weight and absence of staff in station. They have a less conviction
proportion due to courts they have less conviction proportion and they government is answerable
for that too. At the point when they address case they get advancement and compensation from
the specialists. They have legitimate changes identified with examination measure been made by
the public authority to facilitate with lawful group to arrange with legal executive and specialized
 35

group. So by and large the discoveries of information that they need some change to examination
the cases.
5.3 Conclusion
Scientist reasoned that the police power while examination they need assets to tackle cases. They
have less staff, less innovation, they don't have current update in police headquarters to address
and research the cases. The examination uncovered that they have vey less staff and they are
overweight as a result of it and they can't tackle cases on schedule and they don't have
specialized group to settle the cases. They need legitimate group appropriate and all around
prepared staff to address and examine the cases.

From the information assembled in the examination, they need an appropriate lawful group to
address cases and very much prepared examination official to confront the obstacles during
cases. Other hand they face issue while examination cases with social impacts, loss of private
observer, labor, preparing and finical assets so they can't settle cases in a legitimate manner.
They face a great deal of troubles so they need a decent police change to take care of all their
concern and fulfill the general population also.
5.4 Recommendations
This study shows the following recommendations on the power of the findings.
a) The administration and the civil society both should get on buildingconstantwakefulnessdrives
on law enforcement agency reforms, both the officers and the members of the public. This is
significant as it will give more information on the significance of police changes to the country
on the loose. Customized media items pointed toward instructing officials on the particulars of
police changes ought to likewise be given need.
b) The relevant authorities should also explore ways of strengthening community policing as it
was discovered that it was not addressing the attitude problem between the police and the public.
LEGISLATIVE
• 2002 Police Order (P O 2002) should implement and actualize in hard way, and must be
removed a small mistake, all through the country of pure for the purpose to guarantee that the
country is represented by reasonable and identical arrangement of rules. It ought to stretch out to
the whole of agencies, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) at the appointed time. A
commissioner at arrangement of policing can likewise be taken into consideration inside this
 36

system for all significant urban communities with populaces of one million or more. The 1997
Anti-Terrorism Act ought to change which further to explain meanings of these violations that it
covers and to make classes for wrongdoings that are right now outside the Act's degree. The
initiative of the FIA (Federal investigation agency) ought to be approved for seek after
grumblings made against government representatives, paying little mind to their position or
status. The organization should be engaged to deal with cases in anticorruption, illegal
intimidation financing, tax evasion, cybercrime, and protected innovation rights. The foundation
of a legitimate system to make National counter terrorism authority (NACTA) completely
practical will be a significant advance forward. It should report straightforwardly to the PM.
Safeguarding residency safety for all government and commonplace police bosses, nevertheless
the heads of Federal Investigation Agency FIA, National Counter Terrorism Authority NACTA,
and the Intelligence Bureau IB, would assist with preventive political tension on these
workplaces. By now the information gathered by the knowledge office of the country during
cross examination cannot be used against accused in lawful cases. There should be a legal
arrangements to make the data reasonable, given to the capture is made by the law approval
offices and reasonable treatment of law is followed, will extremely give advantage to the
criminal equity framework. Moreover, legal procedure for wiretaps (including court
endorsement) will help police department in inspections and indictment. The Modification of the
Evidence Act and (HC, High Court Rules) is fundamental for collecting in disguise initiations,
keeping up the protection of the characters of witnesses, and in encouraging a less problematic
method for the acceptability of contemporary sorts of proof, (e.g., cell call information) in
psychological warfare cases.
Institutional
An advancement of the contemporary arrangements of advancing and employing police force
would support with ensuring workable and rational freedoms for progression. And the
framework would be straightforward and liberated from political interference
To check police degradation, the government needs to build up an autonomous police complaint
cell under the initiative of a trustworthy resigned (SC Supreme Court and High Court HC) judges
to ensure accountability at all levels of the power. Moreover the Common societies and non-
governmental organizations should adoptinactive part in ensuring the freedom of all such
oversight bodies.
 37

There is need an improvement in working conditions, times, and salary and pay rates, and
changing to hierarchical culture will contribute with creation a power that is observed by peoples
and hence the most successful in keeping up security and dependability. The NHMPachievement
(National Highways and Motorway Police) is especially useful in this regard.
Training and scholastic program all over the police institutes ought to be rebuilt to address the
requirements of weak assemblies, including women, kids, and minorities. This will support and
increase their efficiency, and strengthen the connection in between the police department and the
locals. Departmental class books need to be written in the rule, easy to comprehend style of
current reference pamphlets, as opposed to in the thick style right now being used.

• Moreover the public authority should commission an investigation of the feasibility of the fresh
VIP Underground Service to ensure top state officials and diminish the security trouble on police
force and knowledge offices.

• The Parliament of Pakistan Bi cameral in nature include National Assembly NA and Senate
need to select insight advisory groups to the display of the knowledge offices, including the
Intelligence Bureau IB, and Counterterrorism Strategy.

• The unique unit of the psychological warfare specialists along by mastery & assets which the
police right now need should be made. There ought to befresh situations for those specialists for
the fundamental police forces headquarters level.

• The foundation of exceptional divisions at every territory focal police offices will serve to
encourage quick harmonization with private cell organizations to get immediate admittance to
PDA information of suspected fear based oppressors when the police gain data on telephone
digits.

• Pakistan de radicalization program should be extended and reinforced and give the police a lead
jobs. Post discharge observing of restoration ought to be led to guarantee the program prosperity,
& normalized strategies to be presented at police officers the nation over.
 38

• As the feature of the de radicalization approach, the police force in Pakistan would seek after a
conduct variant program when managing detainees. This incorporates the healthier management
of detainees and better situations in police headquarters & jails.

• The encounters of Indonesia and Turkey offer important models for the counterterrorism in
Pakistan, strategies and change endeavors.

•The effective counterterrorism practice in criminal justice sector at Rabat memorandum need to
utilize to manage technique in Pakistan, and to upgrade coordination both domestic and
international.

• Supported participation between the armed & police force will help empower Pakistan regular
citizen rules implementation groups to assume liability for inward security. Uncommon
preparing trades & the enlistment of troopers into the police force power at inferior levels can
profit police force preparation in ground and practical activities.
Resources Allocation
•It is very basic to suitably understand the variables that add to psychological warfare. Where
public authority & the private area ought to devote more prominent assets to extend quantitative
and factual examination on the reasons for illegal intimidation.

• Police should be given the modernization probable to battle hoodlums &emotional oppressors.
Policeforce for example needs to be given independent offices which are for the block attempt of
fear based oppressors correspondences, (portable global positioning frameworks) & call info
analysis. It is interested in creating public data sets on automobiles and weapons are long past
due.

• Within intelligence bureau capacity working need to be focused on to take into account the
necessities of insight drove monitoring actions in choosing regions of the country.

• The as of late presented autonomous indictment administration ought to be reinforced and

completely upheld by all law authorization organizations.
 39

• The public authority should attempt extreme underlying change to for all time end pressure
between the police and Levies Force in Baluchistan. More local people ought to be utilized as
police in Baluchistan as opposed to building up more law requirement preparing offices in the
area.

• Women need to be advised to join the police, and a proper environment must be provided so
that they may join police in easy way. Moreover as noteworthy, in any cases, there must bemore
female friendly laws and sex improved law implementation staff, irrespective of the gender
whether men or women.

• There is a proper need of the reforms of police, they need to be fully equipped with modern
technology, proper training must be provided to them, they will be made apolitical, and
interference free institute so that they will reach to international standard. This will help the
country of pure Pakistan in building the police to an extent so that they will equipped for
challenges and difficulties of twenty first century.
 40

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