In [24]:

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

datos = np.loadtxt("datos.txt")
x = datos[:, 0]
y = datos[:, 1]

yerr= datos[:, 2]

plt.errorbar(x, y, yerr, fmt="o", color='blue',

ecolor='black', elinewidth=1, capsize=3)

plt.title('Datos', fontsize=25)
plt.xlabel('Eje $x$')
plt.ylabel('Eje $y$')

plt.show()

In [4]:

Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD
 import numpy as np

datos = np.loadtxt("datos.txt")
x = datos[:, 0]
y = datos[:, 1]
sigma = datos[:,2]
a = np.arange(7, 8, 0.02, dtype =float)
b = np.arange(0.5, 1.2 , 0.013, dtype =float)
agrid, bgrid = np.meshgrid(a, b)
χ_cuadrado = sum((y - (agrid + bgrid*(x) ))**2 / (sigma)**2)
χ_cuadrado

Out[4]: array([ 105.92717207, 754.07382313, 437.03527721, 29.26236354,

367.88519807, 29.86840098, 517.278748 , 413.06188466,
65.19969916, 314.47379361, 630.35632653, 200.44364913,
756.73221005, 462.58345885, 857.17527376, 1138.34573482,
172.97522813, 12.03240983, 51.65497928, 799.18725433,
97.17851638, 203.37935135, 467.82799096, 39.24277125,
32.65709033, 639.73317688, 158.52797617, 47.78727665,
64.32682993, 58.79991752, 239.03905592, 89.39347234,
63.07162113, 261.92086006, 102.44161244, 206.92345405,
32.76236814, 565.62933872, 38.01842601, 102.26470079,
168.16013641, 235.12294888, 504.453226 , 189.83779387,
15.85071471, 247.89806566, 296.47517674, 34.04639835,
50.63013471, 85.45312133])

In [5]:
minimo = np.argmin(χ_cuadrado)
a_val = a[minimo]
b_val = b[minimo]
a_val, b_val

Out[5]: (7.339999999999993, 0.7210000000000002)

In [7]:
np.min(χ_cuadrado)

Out[7]: 12.032409830788836

In [3]:
M=(np.column_stack((np.ones(np.size(x)),x)))

Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD
 M

Out[3]: array([[1. , 5.469],

[1. , 7.979],
[1. , 8.204],
[1. , 1.22 ],
[1. , 6.02 ],
[1. , 5.255],
[1. , 4.639],
[1. , 4.714],
[1. , 6.327],
[1. , 9.257],
[1. , 8.155],
[1. , 9.444],
[1. , 9.196],
[1. , 4.148],
[1. , 8.258],
[1. , 9.463],
[1. , 6.28 ],
[1. , 2.523],
[1. , 5.924],
[1. , 8.604],
[1. , 0.485],
[1. , 8.548],
[1. , 7.202],
[1. , 2.96 ],
[1. , 4.854],
[1. , 8.443],
[1. , 6.025],
[1. , 1.571],
[1. , 5.261],
[1. , 1.876],
[1. , 6.704],
[1. , 5.487],
[1. , 1.564],
[1. , 9.325],
[1. , 5.43 ],
[1. , 6.526],
[1. , 6.713],
[1. , 8.189],
[1. , 0.136],
[1. , 8.478],
[1. , 4.351],
[1. , 4.775],

Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD
 [1. , 7.153],
[1. , 8.402],
[1. , 1.133],
[1. , 6.124],
[1. , 2.214],
[1. , 0.397],
[1. , 2.807],
[1. , 2.937]])

In [226…
M.shape

Out[226… (50, 2)

In [4]:
Y = np.reshape(y, (50,1))
Y

Out[4]: array([[12.482],
[14.695],
[16.623],
[ 8.363],
[12.628],
[11.689],
[12.267],
[12.121],
[11.938],
[15.822],
[15.306],
[16.387],
[14.828],
[11.961],
[15.335],
[16.554],
[13.094],
[ 9.367],
[11.808],
[15.459],
[ 6.391],
[16.184],
[13.805],
[10.529],
[10.229],

Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD
 [14.818],
[14.463],
[ 9.213],
[11.929],
[10.286],
[14.031],
[13.057],
[10.62 ],
[15.505],
[12.036],
[13.076],
[12.798],
[16.414],
[ 7.095],
[14.435],
[11.511],
[12.243],
[13.396],
[13.422],
[ 8.693],
[12.123],
[ 7.83 ],
[ 7.333],
[10.373],
[10.664]])

In [3]:
C = (sigma**2) * np.eye(50)
C

Out[3]: array([[1.006009, 0. , 0. , ..., 0. , 0. , 0. ],

[0. , 0.25 , 0. , ..., 0. , 0. , 0. ],
[0. , 0. , 1.212201, ..., 0. , 0. , 0. ],
...,
[0. , 0. , 0. , ..., 1.418481, 0. , 0. ],
[0. , 0. , 0. , ..., 0. , 0.346921, 0. ],
[0. , 0. , 0. , ..., 0. , 0. , 0.25 ]])

In [6]:
#Solución de máxima probabilidad
Θ = (np.linalg.inv(np.mat(np.transpose(M))*np.mat(np.linalg.inv(C))*np.mat(M)))*((
np.mat(np.transpose(M))*np.mat(np.linalg.inv(C))*np.mat(Y)))
Θ

Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD
 Out[6]: matrix([[7.59867088],
[0.89430915]])

In [7]:
#Matriz de covarianza
ΣΘ = (np.linalg.inv(np.mat(np.transpose(M))*np.mat(np.linalg.inv(C))*np.mat(M)))
ΣΘ

Out[7]: matrix([[ 0.05027995, -0.00725228],

[-0.00725228, 0.00128337]])

In [8]:
#incerteza para parámetros a y b:
a_inc=np.sqrt(ΣΘ[0,0])
b_inc=np.sqrt(ΣΘ[1,1])

a_inc, b_inc

Out[8]: (0.22423191280722105, 0.035824098828766776)

In [6]:
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

datos = np.loadtxt("datos.txt")
x = datos[:, 0]
y = datos[:, 1]
x1 = np.sort(x)

plt.scatter(x, y, color='royalblue')
plt.title('Datos', fontsize=25)
plt.xlabel('Eje $x$')
plt.ylabel('Eje $y$')

plt.plot(x1, 7.339999999999993 + 0.7210000000000002*x1, ':', lw = 3, color = 'black',

label='modelo_χcuadrado')
plt.plot(x1, 7.59867088 + 0.89430915*x1, lw = 2.5, color = 'red', label='modelo_matricial')
plt.legend()

plt.show()

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 In [ ]:

Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD