Sarile, Cherubin Venice B.

NCM 118 RLE

BSN - 4A CI: Ms. Lenie Agpalasin
10/9/2023 Area/Shift: EAMC 4 North (2-10 PM)
DRUG STUDY

Patient: Nebran, Lyn C. - Bed 4016A

Generic name/ Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Brand name Action

Generic Name: Bactericidal: Intra-abdominal Contraindicated with ● Black, tarry stools BEFORE:
Ceftriaxone Inhibits Infections caused by allergy to ● chest pain ● Do Skin Testing into the intradermal
Sodium synthesis E.coli, Klebsiella cephalosporins or ● chills area
of bacterial cell pneumoniae Penicillins. Use ● cough ● Protect Drug from light
wall causing cell cautiously with renal ● fever ● Do not mix ceftriaxone with other
Brand Name:
death. failure, lactation, ● painful or difficult urination antimicrobial drug
Rocephin pregnancy ● shortness of breath
● sore throat DURING:
Dosage: 1 g ● sores, ulcers, or white spots ● Use a separate syringe when giving this
on the lips or in the mouth drug
Frequency: ● swollen glands ● Have Vitamin K available in case
Every 12 hours ● unusual bleeding or bruising hypoprothrombinemia occurs
● unusual tiredness or
weakness AFTER:
Route: IV
● Discontinue if hypersensitivity occurs
Monitor Blood levels in patients taking
Classification: this
Antibiotic drug
cephalosporin
Generic name/ Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities
Brand name Action

Generic Name: Disrupts DNA and Indicated for intra- Contraindicated in ● Dizziness BEFORE
Metronidazole protein synthesis abdominal infections patient who have a ● Headache ● Assess pts. Infection
in susceptible history of ● stomach upset ● Watch carefully for edema because it may
organisms ● Nausea cause sodium retention
Brand Name: hypersensitivity to
● Vomiting ● Assess skin for severity areas of local adverse
Flagyl, Metric 1, parabens ● loss of appetite reactions
Noritade ● Diarrhea ● Record number and character of stools
Precautions: history of ● Constipation ● Assess pt’s and family’s knowledge of drug
Dosage: 500 blood dyscrasias, ● Metallic taste in your therapy
mg/tab seizures/neurologic mouth
problems, severe DURING
● Give drug with meals to minimize GIdistress
Frequency: hepatic impairment
● Tablet may be crushed for pt’s. with difficulty
1 tab 3x a day swallowing

Route: Oral AFTER

● Tell pt. that metallic taste and dark or red brown
Classification: urine may occur
Antibiotic ● Instruct pt. to take oral form with meals to
minimize reactions
● Instruct to complete full course of therapy
● Tell pt. not to use alcohol or drugs that contain
alcohol.
● May cause dizziness/ lightheadedness
 Generic name/ Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities
Brand name Action

Generic Name: Inhibits acetylcholine Relief of smooth ● Myasthenia gravis ● dryness of the mouth, with ● Assess for eye pain
Hyoscine-N-Butyl at receptor sites in muscle pain of the ● Megacolon. difficulty in swallowing ● Monitor urine output and encourage
bromide autonomic nervous gastrointestinal ● Untreated narrow- ● thirst patient to void
system and its ● dilation of the pupils with loss of
system, which angle glaucoma ● Monitor BP for possible
associated pain or accommodation and
Brand Name: controls secretion, discomfort. ● Prostate photophobia hypertension
Buscopan free- acids in hypertrophy w/ ● increased intraocular pressure ● Assess for parkinsonism and EPS
stomach; block urinary retention ● flushing and dryness of the skin ● Assess for urinary hesitancy
Dosage: 10 mg central muscarinic ● Mechanical ● bradycardia followed by ● Assess for constipation
receptors, which stenosis of GIT tachycardia, with palpitations and ● Assess for tolerance over long term
Frequency: decreases ● Tachycardia. arrhythmias therapy
● urinary urgency with the inability
Every 8 hours involuntary ● May cause
to do so, as well as reduction in
movement. dizziness/lightheadedness so
the tone and motility of the
Route: IV instruct the patient to avoid
gastro-intestinal tract, leading to
driving/operating machinery after
constipation
taking the drug
Classification: ● occasionally vomiting, dizziness
Antispasmodics and staggering may occur
● retrosternal pain may occur due
to increased gastric reflux
 Generic name/ Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities
Brand name

Generic Name: Acts on the mu opioid receptors to Relieve ● Hypersensitivity to ● Sweating ● Note for any hypersensitivity
Tramadol produce pain relief. Opioid moderate to tramadol or other ● Dizziness reaction.
receptors are located in the brain moderately severe opioid analgesics; ● Nausea ● Monitor vital signs and assess
Brand name: and there are three types, of which pain. ● Suicidal patients, ● Vomiting for orthostatic hypotension or
Conzip, Durela, the mu opioid receptor is one. acute alcoholism; ● dry mouth signs of CNS depression.
Qdolo, Ralivia, Normally, when a painful stimulus head injuries; raised ● Fatigue ● Assess bowel and bladder
Ryzolt, Seglentis, occurs, a neuron communicates to intracranial ● Asthenia function; report urinary
Tridural, Ultracet, the brain and the person feels pain. pressure; severe ● Somnolence frequency or retention.
Ultram, Zytram When a person takes Tramadol, it renal impairment; ● Confusion ● Encourage patient to cough and
acts on the mu opioid receptor, lactation. ● Constipation breathe deeply every 2 hr to
Dosage: 50 mg blocking the neuron from ● Flushing prevent atelectasis and
communicating pain to the brain. ● headache, pneumonia.
Frequency: ● Vertigo ● Inform the patient that she may
Every 8 hours ● Tachycardia experience dizziness, sedation,
● Palpitations drowsiness, impaired visual
Route: IV ● Miosis acuity (avoid driving or
● Insomnia performing tasks that require
Classification: ● Orthostatic alertness); nausea, loss of
Opioid analgesic hypotension appetite (lie quietly, eat frequent
● Seizures small meals).
● CNS stimulation
e.g. hallucinations.

● Potentially Fatal:
Respiratory
depression.
 Generic name/ Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects/ Adverse Nursing Responsibilities
Brand name effect

Generic Name: Omeprazole reduces or ● GERD ● Hypersensitivity to Side Effects: ● Observe the 14 Rights of
Omeprazole controls the release of ● Duodenal ulcer Omeprazole ● Dizziness Medication
gastric acid and creates ● Short-term treatment ● Metabolic Alkalosis ● Headache ● Obtain baseline vital signs.
a protective coat on the of active benign ● Hypocalcemia ● Nausea ● Advise patient to take the
Brand Name:
gastric mucosa. This gastric ulcer (Zegerid only) ● Abdominal pain medication 30-60 minutes
Losec, Prilosec eases the discomfort ● Pathologic before meal
from excess gastric hypersecretory Adverse Effects: ● Evaluate Fluid intake and output
Dosage: 40 mg acid. conditions ● Diarrhea ● Instruct patients to report
(Zollinger-Ellison ● Hypomagnesemia adverse reactions, and stools
Frequency: once syndrome) ● Cough that are black & tarry and
daily ● To reduce risk of GI ● Rash changes in urinary elimination.
bleeding for critically ● Educate patient to avoid alcohol
ill patients and foods that may cause an
Route: IV ● Heartburn occurring increase in GI irritation
more than twice a
Classification: week
Proton pump
inhibitor
Patient: Selosa, Arsenia B. - Bed 4016B
Generic name/ Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects/ Adverse Nursing Responsibilities
Brand name effect

Generic Name: piperacillin binds to ● Appendicitis ● Hypersensitivity to Side Effects: 1. Observe the 14 Rights of
Piperacillin-Tazobac PCN-binding protein, which and peritonitis piperacillin/tazobactam ● Diarrhea Medication
tam inhibits the final step of ● Hypersensitivity to any ● Headache 2. Obtain baseline vital signs.
peptidoglycan synthesis, penicillin ● Constipation 3. Obtain baseline CBC with
while Tazobactam ● Nausea differential, BMP, LFT, urinalysis,
Brand Name: inactivates bacterial ● Insomnia aPTT
Zosyn beta-lactamase. ● rash 4. Monitor daily pattern of bowel
activity and stool consistency
Dosage: 4.5g Adverse Effects: 5. Monitor serum electrolytes,
● Antibiotic-associate especially renal function test
Frequency: every 6 d colitis
● Seizure
hours
● Hypersensitivity
reactions
Route: IV

Classification:
Penicillin
 Generic name/ Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects/ Adverse Nursing Responsibilities
Brand name effect

Generic Name: Paracetamol exhibits ● Management of mild to ● Hypersensitivity to Side Effects: 1. Observe the 14 Rights of
Paracetamol analgesic and antipyretic moderate pain or paracetamol. ● Nausea Medication
activity by inhibiting moderate to severe ● Repeated ● Vomiting 2. Assess the patient’s pain
prostaglandin synthesis. pain with adjunctive administration in ● Constipation level before
Brand Name:
It produces analgesia by opioid analgesics. patients with anemia, administering the
Ifimol, Naprex elevating the pain ● Fever cardiac, pulmonary, Adverse Effects: medication.
threshold and antipyresis renal and hepatic ● Bloody or black, tarry 3. Assess fever; note the
Dosage: 500 mg through action on the damage. stools presence of associated
hypothalamic ● bloody or cloudy signs (diaphoresis,
Frequency: every 6 heat-regulating center. urine tachycardia, and
hours ● pain in the lower malaise).
back and/or side 4. Assess the patient’s
(severe and/or allergies and previous
Route: IV sharp) reactions to medications
● pinpoint red spots on before administering
Classification: the skin acetaminophen.
Analgesics ● skin rash, hives, or 5. Monitor the patient’s
(Non-Opioid) & itching response to the
Antipyretics medication.
6. Administer the
medication in the
appropriate dosage, as
prescribed by a
healthcare provider.
7. Advise patients to seek
medical attention if they
experience signs of
overdose, such as
nausea, vomiting, loss of
appetite, sweating,
confusion, or yellowing
of the skin or eyes.