PLOT PLAN

IT is used to locate equipment and supporting infrastructure and to establish the sequence of major
engineering and construction activities. It is used to estimate cost of a project and scheduling through
construction.

The plot plan is used to produce equipment arrangement studies that facilitate the interconnection of
above and below ground process and utility piping systems and to estimate piping material quantities.

The plot plan is used to develop grading and drainage plans. Holding ponds, diked areas. Foundation and
structural designs, and all bulk material estimates.

The plot plan is used to produce area classification drawings, to locate switchgear and the incoming
substation and motor control center. To route cables and to estimate bulk materials.

The plot plan is used to locate analyzer houses and cable trays. Assist in the location of the main control
house and estimate bulk materials.

The plot plan is used to schedule the orderly completion of engineering activities.

The plot plan is used to schedule the erection sequence of all plant equipment which includes rigging
studies for large lifts, constructability reviews, marshalling, and laydown areas throughout the entire
construction phase.

The plot plan is used to estimate the overall cost of the plant

The plot plan is used for safety, operator and maintenance reviews and to develop an as-built record of
the plant arrangement.

PLOT PLAN DELEVELOPMENT

To develop a plot plan, the following documents will be needed

1. Equipment list
2. The process flow diagram (PFD)
3. The block flow diagram (BFD)
4. Specifications (this document highlights maintenance, operator access, clearances and
equipment spacing)
5. Process design data (surveyor plan) the process design data gives site information on a map or
an overall existing plot plan. The existing plot plan or site map shows such geographic details as
roads, rivers or seashore, land contours and inhabited areas. It also indicates the location and
the extent of real estate available for the new facility or expansion. The process design data
indicates weather conditions (eg average seasonal temperatures, rainfall records and prevailing
winds). It also gives the plant elevation datum and reference coordinates for plant location.
 TYPES OF PLOT PLANS

Plot plan can be divided into 2 in terms of equipment arrangement.

1. The grade mounted horizontal inline arrangement

2. Structure mounted vertical arrangement found in main chemical plants (equipment
maintenance is achieved through the use of hitch points, trolley beam or travelling cranes

EQUIPMENT LOCATION

Various Requirements dictate the location of the equipment

1. Plant layout specification: this document highlights spacing requirements for equipment and
access width and elevation clearances for operator and maintenance access.
2. Economic piping: equipment should be located in process sequence and close enough to suit
safety needs, access requirements and piping flexibility. The plot plan should be sub-divided
into smaller groups of process-related equipment. These groups should contain an assembly
of related equipment and controls that function as a subsystem within the main process
unit. The components within the subsystem should be arranged to suit the most economic
piping runs and the whole assembly should be positioned within the plot area to provide the
most economic interconnection between related process subsystems.
3. Process Requirements: equipment often must be located in a specific position to support
the plant’s process operation (eg for pressure drop, line pocketing and gravity feed)
4. Common operation: equipment that requires continuous operator attention or shares
common utility and maintenance facilities should be locate in the same area. For example,
compressors generally require 24hour operator attention. Compressors with condensing
steam turbine drives often share the same condenser and are located in a compressor
house using a common handling facility (eg an overhead traveling crane)
5. Real estate availability:
6. Underground Facilities:
7. Climatic Condition:
 COMPRESSOR

Compressor machines are used to increase the pressure of a gas by mechanically reducing its volume
within its case. The code for compressor are API 617, API 618, API 619.

TYPES

1. Positive displacement (also known as reciprocating compressor)

2. Centrifugal and
3. Axial compressor.

COMPRESSOR DRIVES

1. Electric motors
2. Steam turbine
3. Gas turbines
DRUMS