ONIT-4 # Tnreonverzony to ComporeR Aroed Danerans de that ts cad 2 > computter Aicedl Daeyting CORD) ig a process Op pacpaxing q drawing of am akject on the compuler Bene by webs softwares arrol arc wares of. compuber Systéwy, Tk can be clehined as “the, Use. of Computer. System to assist in Hu creation, woclitication asl analysis Or apti me gation fo olesten , The generation of cleaign abeausivngs Iudevactively by Hee user supelivg Jotormetion “to bee. compulre Mia counmowds ox With q wey Aeivey Sertes Insheuctions us cotles! computer Picled Bropting These, cbeansivg coun be eatited , wraunripulated and stones} Aor 4utune usage» “The Use of can process provides evhamceol froplics feilities utuldy allows amy olesiqnes to + — ke Conceptualize Wis segs, ney the otescen very easily Portsorm auimations , ty Make, cleaten caleuations , Use eolours , fonts ave! othe, fealures a# what are the Unutehons of raarrucal obraustvg ? > Manual abreast ag af supivansivg Parts hat dallausieg Jw tations : - de Meveuta) abcansting of. taglvecalig preds cro! Hele assemblies L6 time conauuntng ane] reg Ur eS Speer'a Stes. a, changes Ln wraemnal obrcuuang are nah easy to maste as whole cbeaustvg 4a neroleol Lo be. recrat # what are the advandazes CBetrepi fs) og cAD ? > Engineering clousivg ts an Luferaclive. process awe/ When tb Ls performed bh olxauivg beards aval inclucles thety clocumenfation , s¢ te guide 4 Hime, Covsuuaing process, Toclay in the Exg of Jyaprd echrolegies » praduvey- Lnuovatiors , preatis nesporse te customer sreguinrentents , cfd giles an innovative. anal offic Aystin for olersyh a CAD has Heo pollousing advewd ages Over thet Troditiona) yretnee) of oles: : a G) cad 4s fashe and give wore aceurate, resulds than corientiona) relheools. / (m) Sevelopivg the lesen of 4 component ana assosiated clopting a yy 2sty tase— wlth CAD, ail) Kinematic Jeature -$ cap paketes onables the. olesignes to visualize. the cperat/ona) perforwauice. (x) Two oO» mone clestyns cau be coupared awalyticall (s) Toyprroved) procluetiva ly tbh abeag ting. () Bhaxtes preparation tut for Leausing (UD) Pecluce. wrampauser, Preq unineucents , Qi) Macti fications aceonding fo Customers La sbeauivg are cosier , Gx) Twproved aceurscy oF: drausing G) Pewisiong ane. possible. — G2) Coleus com be Useol to Lustourize, the procluct, (a) Malehing of all Seations with otifgencnf” fullivg patterns, Cam) preparation Jon asserbly O% Sub- assembly len (am) priporation gy por Usp are aasy, aw) privting cam be clone to any seale, (Better puctlly atescgns | Go) Lerywroved paeaey, (tom) bay Mocliplestions .“Ww de pleat are the Lvastat) on C Mlsadvar}ages) of cad? The enced 19 be use. 4 CAP Sy shiig!~ 32- bf Wore Computer 1g nenesany because. of Jango auvounp of computer Uaenpiry aural thane, The Size of the Software pakage Lg darge « ster anol juclymenf- are ouegutee) Lo prepare. the. De negusres Lange Lywestmert, Guy ned nelease of cAD Softwaic, operator bas do upolate_ ctherr Sb/lts. pollousivg Livadations are enpert Ulhat Ls CAD Softwares 2 Cap Systm creates an environment Lo prepare. chausieg tnferactively, The goptuare Le an tntorpselir ay thamslator. wlth allows #he user to pernforty speatye type of applicatirn Or job relates to cad. The user Major fenetion to be perperures) sataaiedl aileled olrafting Systein :- oe ve 4 Basie Setup a oleaustg , By Orawing the objects 2. chayging the objects porpedes 4. Translating the obyeoks 4G sealiy the, obyeets,Gu clipping the objects to fit Amage to the Seren Creating Zynbo/ Lbrardrs for Preguedly hed abybels. B Tenfr tnsention, 4. Diucenatairty s The various types 4 cA anes Url ‘— 4+ Audo (AD 2. CATIA Pro-E Unugrap hieg Cond cad 3D Max BD - Howe, Auend stechon Solid trtorkg + core] Drod, Gow xn Fw 44 that is Autocad & > Autocad ts ene af the Leoding chofling Softwans crmpattable, re wag clevelepes! by " Auto stork!’ coup By Autocho, rausivg can be creates, wipobfr'ed aud erased with ease. / : the prs release. of fluto CAD Version to wag Ly 1962 upoletes anol Lup neveniends, wert clone. Ce 14" version of Autocad urag Athena fe 199% ang! thereafter. Autocad - 2000 os“he Audo-cap- 2004 allows the olecipner to wse Of Luterney aa) web enablesl olesign ard olscumesfatjon) Software cad uteg H- baste commas Celemonts) foe prepursdion ot iy cbcaustng i ds Lene. els Cues, 3B. Terth, a Filling Tax ge lls ig Co orclinate system ? A Co-brolivute, Systm Uses ane ‘ae mbne ninubers of Co-arclinates tp uniguely olefine tha pesstioo of aq polnf- ox obher geomebie alee ln il: sell Space. the Co-ordinate. Systing cau be wrpolifred tn the Autocad . Thenrd. ane following types of co-orol nate. System seo Ly Auto cap '~ L. Absolute Co-ordinate Sy sting '- Absolute co-orclinate systin are also cakteol tatarl) co erebnate System, Th the absolute eo ertinale, 2ycten the poiufs are Looates) utith gee, to the Origin 0,0) whe cee wse L8 €, 4, at (0.0,0) Bes 6.2. Uber Co-ordinate Sryslery ' - Sometime. it becomes ole'fficulp to olefrre certain” peometries to absolute coorcdivate. system, tn Such Cases alternate co-orcl/nats. Aystews Cau he alefiney nelaliie. to the absolute. coorctnate, syslin , These Co-ordinate Systims Ve calles! ersen cogrdinate %y sli Or relabye. Ceerel'nate Systim Or msercleriveg Coordinate. System . Landy ants are weasired uth preference to the previous peinfs The syntay used 46 Bd, a ‘ 3. Cartesian CO-drdlinate System '- A Cartessan- Codrolnate, System ox pattovpules Co ordinal, Systim provieles a beeriod of piottig pephs ead ~ drelteating tht position “4 peluds an q two olimensyma) ce. a% ty gy three olimentyona/ Space. phe carfesty Co-arclnate. £ystim 0s uses) to olefine positions ow computer olisplays, qd Tn He nolatie. co.orcinate, uretlisd , the aliplaranedEach of this sreference- Live 4g atte! aq Co-onclinste. atts cud the painf where. xbey iuterseot cath other £5 calleo) areipin 00.0) «the harizenfef cunts 18 alley ac- aris anol vertica) ancts ds calle) y-one’, amo) the plane contalrng those. evett 4 called - “4 plane » 4. polar co-ordinate. System ‘~ The polar Co-ordinate, stem Us q tuo - olluaensvore) eo.ardinste. Suclimy Ln wotich enth poluf on q plaw€ Us oletmmined by 9 ollstauce. Grom 4 sreferenrce poluf” ama! ae angle pen aq nopenence alinection, Tn polar co-dxcbiruate systero » fhe. neperource petuf- whith 48 analegacs Lo he grigh af 9 cartesian Austin Js calles the pole. The nay thay frome the, pole bin the election of reperence Ls called referee anis ar pole ants. che. position of a poief ts speibid by ifs olispauce. from Hho. pole. , calles! the pracli't} co. orslirate Syst On seals, ave) the, angle neladive to the referen te anes calleol a¢ angular o-orctinsta. Oe polar angle, pine) cer bolas cumple “pole & paler acts,te How Com gau convert polar cooroli nate syste to Cartestay co-oxdinate 2ystiin > A polar Coonolinate, Systiny Can be converte to the cotisian coarolimate system by usted the goruulas :- Le 170880 de 97 Sty o a7stne qe Mow Can yeu convent Cantesion, coardjnate, systin to polar coarclinate, Systm . > A cortesion coorsdinate systim rs converted to polar epvradinate systein by using the formulas: - = tan (de)de what lxausivg Cutrtes ? > An entity 41 4 obrauusiveg element mamatly peiuf Line , cunele, are, ete, These enrtiteg are wted te create chamilia af Various compl catey parts, Ewory cuapineerting proeluce- us q Covebination of Hose cuties . # Explain variaus mesuocs to Locate a patuf ay CAD. > (2) painting to the Location On the screen by v9aus of Cursor conbea] C from mouse oy ohip/ t'zer) (7) Crfering the Co-orclinates Vig, alpha remorse Ley board. The. co-ordinates of poluks cau be. clefitred either én neclangulak Oe th prtar taonclinale, ysliin, Cr) Cufering the offsep Colisfance, gray x. 74.2) from a provieusly olepled parf ) by ctefning the evol poivd e¢ an ca entity @) By olefining the center, pati af ay exciting eutiliy wD & olep ning phe Luferseotion a4 two given entities. He State any bree, weld by astueh Anes Can be olrauty by using AulochD ! > Line can be clrawn by wetieg the gotlowiag the. dneMasels +4. using Absolute Coonstinate £ys}ey !- = Drudo Une from 65,5) 40 paid C1y,19) Covamaung | LINE From polyp: 515 Cselub be pti by uipuse, ot eutere Hae twordinales by tay beard.) To palnt ; 40,40 To paint ! Cpress outer) J OTE Sa fer tte & 2 using Relattile Coosol) nate System :- > Been a Line From Polat C2,29 to poluh Gunifs Ly weal ward % Units in gus relatiie, to Yyhst Coordinate. cowmmand | LINE Prom pain | 2,2 To pau : @ 578 To pale + Cpress cuter Sef a + pe SAN me3. usrng pele, coorclinates '- > Oxawd 4 Line fom poiup 4,2) tog length of 6 unt 4 Joe cannes) | LINE Prem pole: 2,2 To pout 1 @ 6490 To polwt + Cpres cuter) a pe lnc, Of Sas eee ee em we 4 Expletn Mernods ¢ olepining the. tines Ls interactive. Computer, popes ‘ > by using two premieusly olepued pasts »—Gi By waking a Lue. either paralle] to of perperdicilar to & given Une. ana passing Heaugh a given point _ Je xt 2. Be div) By making a paralle} five at a glven ctistance, +. 3 bas 3 © At an angle, with a given Line. yrom 2 given poi :. ~ te Uthat ane the helhads to draw a circle ih Autocad, Explain with exampes- > Ghele can be drawn by folliatilng Fee wretlreds :- be using Coytre, ancl Locius '~ > Oxawd 9 circle. uth Contre (6.6) ane racbsus Sanifs + Coramamd ! CIRCLE q aplap/rre/< Center poinp-d ! 6.6 a ie Btawnetin / chosing > 5 a Radliug 1 & Ore eon de®° using canter and Aiameley '- yy Drwd a cindle wiby coder, 66118) Coummand | CLRELE sefee/rre| center polat> 1 6 se 2 Liameler / 2 Racliusy --D & Diowmeley 10 OF ays te Bis using fnee paints given C3p) ‘- > Drawd a arele using the given 3 polmts + (5,209, (44126),t1029) by eaten 3 given polats to bo on He, cincumponnce. oA, the cincle . Command | CTRELE spl2p/rrR/ 2 comterpoint> ' 3? inst pain | 5,30 Second point! 4,26 Thine) point + 10,257Le using two paints giveh C>P): > prawd q cincle usimg Le give 2 poluts | C132), Orb) by ousting tuyo @ 4 ysis a thee, circle Momeben Command 1 CFRCLE Bplae/TrR | Command | creeLé SPlap/ Tre] Leeder paiwh> + TTR Enter Toungirt Speelpicstion | Pine C pickup Uding wate Exjer Serovd Tagan Specitication ! Line 2. Cpickup using woeue) Rodis 3 Bria yrey ey“He ushap are the wseluods to ovaid o poly gan Ln Auto chs? explain uu example, , % The polygon Command draws neqular 2D poligens ss Bto 1014 Sider, any priest eS by the following Hhace metnoels : A using sackius of 0 given cyrcle tn which polygan Ls inscribed’ Cx- Droda polygon of eight Sicles wisth couter Cs0.50) inseontbed in a cincle, of actus 40 units, Command | Poly Gon Number of, Sickles! Ealge (2 Couter of polygen> | 40,50 Pest tn Circle. | chr crmmscsedber} about Circle Chfe) 1 Raaliug af: cinele. 4 0B using rodius of @ given Crbele 6M tobich polygon Ls Cincam scrcth eof !~ & Gr Ana a polygon of four Sidles uuith Couter cio, 60) crrermscribeal on a cirole of radius Go Units, command } Pory Gon Number of Sioles ! 4 Edge /Z coutor of, poly gon> 1 [006d Thsoubed tn clnele /eincumeribed absut Cinee. Cr/e) ve Rodis af. Cincle. 14.6 q 2. Using eolge, mekhad :~ Err- draw a polygon on Bsicles using “Faige webbed", Zea firs evolpounp ag the cole 46 Cgo.50) ard Second 2s 660-50) command : PoLy Gon Number of Stole! 6 Eye [2 center of pelygen>: E fis} eure) point of eclge !Jo.s0 Setens} epo/ Poin of clgy 1 60,50de what are the methoels do daa cur Elupse th Auto cap 9 Explafy urtth Exauple . : > Ellipce. Can be drawn by any ane af Me joblowsing owe methdels | — é- using marie arts anol WUD anus et:- Draw an ellipse teeing mozart ances oxrolp alts , 010/26) acl 060/20) oral rine ares ere! pant 6357 30). command » ELLIPse < Anis enol paint 1 > | soroe center * 40,20 /pofation | 45,30 t ss Ho gene gop---s == , 10 ' ! i ' ' o 1 bo te ue Dey 2. Center of Ellipse, frets Evdpetas are) other anely obistfance. ex: fraw an ellipse with ceviter 090,50) mayer anus erelpaint 090,50) anol mina artis enclpelnf C52,'70) commen) | Ettipse ELLIPSE / center. c center of Elyse : $0.50 Pans evr! poinp- 2. ! 90.50 4 /comter $10,440 Pacts evel paint 2! 110,40 Xother aneis olistance > /Retation | R Potation axel mejor anig | 66° a p 0° Petation Go o yot--€ (0,40) SW te 3e ne 212 WD Notes Angle of, nalabion should be alusays Loss Hoy 50!Ay. Uding Center , excl pelnd eve) matablor) curate of Cine. around He aos | - . ent- Orc cur ellipse unit Comer. Cas130) Major avis omd point C60,36) and Yo! augle. oe natation arsund flu WYO ants. Command 1 ELLE Pse dais evspoint £> | cover! Canter oy Ellipse. 1 355 30 fous enslpainf 2! 60,30 other artis clistamce> / Patatlion: Rat Roloction arornd “the trojor aes : 70° 4 what are the methods to draw an are th Autocad ? Explain ith example . > following nuthods aro usee to dag are in Autocad i. Using Hee given Points :- CAI Dred am are Lug the dance, Wn pat f cua] C0190). “yd oe — So Comwmeurd ? ARC Geter [estat point> 2650 Caucter [End |< serevel poles: tovys- Eval paint : 40,90----5 (40-90) 90 40. logy soi Bop GO 1 coh —- FY 8 C2850) © 10 2 40 4o 50 me 2. using Star poinf, Couthe, awa Evdpainf- | CS. ¢. € 9 Croomple!- prod cm anc Using slant point G0. 20) , cwilice, Poimt Cho. 60) ame Luslpainfp (40100) Command | ARC . cewtre / 4 start poink> | Bo,20 Covtre | Cul /< second popnt> 1 C Coutre pornf- 1450, 60 Angle / Length af. chord | £Eud) pore > 14d ,J0° © 10 20 30 41d SD Go ay = aIZ. using Start point , coitke, anol Thelualed Augle: C8,¢,4) Example! Dxaid an are ag Starf polif- C10,s03 Contre pai (1040) anol Xnelucled Angle Jo’ 0 (0 soheuer eo x A. Using Sart pond, Contre ama Aeaghh of Chard 1 05.04) & Oran) om are using stad potnf (50110) » cama ‘- Covfre polnf- C010) anol Levyth a4 chord YS Untfs , 10 30 40h bo aaySs using Stack peinfr, Enclp aif ove} Ractius 65. &, RI Euample!— Orawd an are “sing Start porn C50,10) , Enslpen (tod) ome) taclig 22. Undds, jug 222 Udds jp Redius 9 — efosno)—y(S0.49) ° fo 6 $0 do SD gy ; 6. asieg Start peirg, Enrolpoirf- ave] Znclu clea) auple (SA) Exawgple:- Draw am are alg stat pale C30,10.), Bud poirt C6050) anol Thelusler ousphe. go” 28.4 Explain the meted to ona a rectangle. th Aulo cad (ith example. 4. By specitying the coordinites a fouf- Corner painf— ama] other Conner point :~ for_enawple !- command ? RECTANGLE Speerdy Lawes mesp Leff Conner: & S~ Speedy topmasp- Peight- COMMA | 2G IST es 2 By speerbyrng Levyth olistance, omol utelth olistance rectorple. fer exam fn Coromangl ! RECTANGLE Specrty ise Conner og the, nectangle spree: the Lough af the rectangle, 16 Specity the willy op Ue rectangle :5 i dagie ayHt State, the Sertes of commands steps require! to sreproduce, He object. cestng Ling commands , > Cwmmmend » LINE Speerby -finst paint + CSplect amy pelnt by mouse.) Speeiby nest paint a Lumdoy : @ 60,0 Specidy nent paint Ox Tumalo] : @, 0,4 Speu'y neo point Or [clase /umdo] * @-10,0 Specity neo Palut Oh Telpse/uvolo] s @, 040 apa wett PORE Oh [else / uolo] | @ -10,0 Speedy nett polvh or [close [uvelo]! Q@ 0.10 Speeity nest paint O Telese/ uvalo | @ - 10.0 Speeiby neot point Oo [close /wwslo | + @ -lo-t0 Speciby Weak polnr O [close/ umato {1 @ - 10:0 Speeiby hoott palnt ok Eelose | was! @ o. -40 Speeiby trestt palnt O [ close / uwdo| | @, -100 Specity neat Point or [close funda]: C# Exeplain the Various base Eotiting Commands uceol Lp Autocad ! >A a dng may be modl'fied e&thes olwel hs propos a dant tee nevi'ston of olesiph , thas 24 cated eArtiep 4 He he ae tomuranuals so called as Modifying neal ’ J. Move .- Move commamd LE used to moved selected abject to curothes tection about a bese palut er pies pol. SSyndoet MOVE 2+ Rotate '- Rotate. coumand £8 usesl to matate 4 Selected Objeo}- theough a speed cumple. abou 4 bare palnt; %} Syuleg! Rotate yt 3. Copy t- copy Command Le Used to eneate. One Crwore. Copfes a4 Selected abjoct at another Location, > Sxntyet cory dP . DP. Pa Se a 8 A . poA. Minh. Mixon Commend t's used to Create a winrer jwaaye. of the. Selected abysocts about q Speritf'ed Live. 7 Sywtog! MIRROR : ro 6 Array \- ThLs commame) 45 Useol to Creale. multiple coples of selected abyrots tm nectaugules ox polas Jarm This i8 a form af Copy Commaud 7 Syutae ARRAY DO + ( Polas Array ) CReotangulas Array J 6. Frese !- "hes command deletes the steleafed} eutttres, Arecord of entities erase) ts always masvdained , The mesh recoup entity cau be unerase by Ops Covumane/ » by Syntax: ERASE y Oops | This comm curs} retrieves al] objects erase] by the lost erose curd apter. enceeu ding block. 0h. whleck commanel ou BSvetex | OOPSB. Break! This command eraseol a portery of Une, gic, cele or a 20 pelytine bokwerh two soleetey/ pointe. 3 Sits | BREOK pre ak. Line v Gergnal > t I 1 1 ' ' 9. fille ; This cornmand ts Uses] to create 4 aneunaf conner botiseer tuo Lynes , 'llet works on ony Aipe_ of, tombsyation of two Lines, Lines 1 4 Sigle polylines, are, eynele, non-parelly Pa ck CBegore fillet ) dy. Chaugfes 2 gris covamamad works en ture dines & a Single. polyline to create, a boelley ecbe. 3 Stustog 1 CHAMPER,Me Extend This command! extends the “ines, poly Gnes and ac to a beunelary ext, which cau be a Lthe , poly line , arc ar cinele. | 1n- offset. —thég commend creates a paralle) Siiyle copy % line , “Ue, cinele., Aectangle , polygon On 2p polyline of & gle oftser clistauce . Each offsef creates cg red eudiby uutth the Sau Line type, colowe anol Layer selting. BrSyntex | OFFSET — 8 A 1. Stretch’ The strefeh commend Can either Length on entities Or shorten them auel thus alder thels shapes the. coutre. pobrks og Utes Or Poly Line Mes Ue - acljusp acurrdi\eee, , eyutex § STRETCH | (S| L@14 Tocivy 1- Tocim dornmanud Helms the objeet thaf ontina) beyond q required polrf- oe Enterseetion , Sy. te TREAT (Unbeimucey) ) (Aten “beim 15: Scale :- The Scale, Commer) allows to shrinks ox enlarge te abeoely onieting obeaustiog aywts abduf- @ base. palrp by Spaeth Scale factors y Sytee ts, SCALE ‘ 16. Peotite |- A Polyline Ls @ single evtity wluich Le mak. up og Continuous Sees oy Ling ard are sameefs, The peor commeare) Ls exclusively used Jos entity ag poly tine properties » DYSyndon + PEDET 87. Explocle!- Tils commana breakg a poly Lee duto ids Lvoliyidua) Segmovte . These inte Cay they turk dndiviclually be ectilid ard rejoined again to form) om ectited Pplyline , 4 Suunto, EXPLODE .48. Ul U Command nevenrse He atfect of @ series oh previsusly used command aval hence allows baet— seeping . 49. Hateh !- Hatch Commarel Lg see) to gll/ om enclosed ano 0% Selecfeo! aby'ecks with a hatch pattern , solid Hip Or gractionf 4el). k AN 20. LENGTHEN |- Tus Commend chamges the Leugth of cbjeoks crel the Enelu clea] angle. of arcs, DY Synlex ! LENGTHEN = —= 4-4 Ql. Boutde_ ! - This coumane 18 Used to conver} 2D abject to 2p object alana a path. <7! GP 3# bthap olo you Unelesternd by abject Selection metro fas eoliting 2 > palleaneg ae the metals for Selection % obybeh tn Aub 4: Obyeet- Puldeing te Th ths option Q sivgle object 4s Solecked by pressing the Left mouse button toueliing the endity A senall box ts marke] over. the selectes| eudsty as shown in Sau. t- mS OS 2. Wudew option '- A sivgle entity or a group of eutities Com be Selerted by ringing them Hy tnsiole. 4 reo hawagloy surbbes Band Like uLiroled. wuivelod ig ereatid by piehs the. firs Corner by presing. pressing the Leff mouse belfon anol then moving the maute over the. lessred position af oLogerally gppesi'te. corner x gpprsite comer cn q ot ' it t r 4 ' 1 ———__—_4 rin OO we cnosg urivaled- Fe works Lite utivelow buf soles al) seleoke tre eutities utth th usindow oy touchiig the, Ubboled bormdaci'es » -+ whapare the lisp lay Commeuss tseo/ Lh AufocaD ? > The ckisplay commanols etseol tb PubocaD ant as follous'! — 3: %oom t- The. Zeer commewel iineweases ox decreased the apporent size of objects sty Use. Cudrounfe alow pnp Covmruncural | ZOOM 2. pay :- ‘The pay command Bhioles ar Shiffs the Curntuf drawing around on the Lrawing arog without chayping the magnification af the ured. “ commend spay 23 a a The to orclinates , amples ILE ete, are spared dn q clatabase as floating potrd Values for greatir precision , Hie Bl clrausstig 4 placed an the using pixels wtich ane Lute gens , therefore ang eats ee have to be transgonmed grom the Hosting poiry values to the Lrtepor Values , thes process U3 Called nepeheration . tornmanal 2, REGEN oe RE Souen 4. RCORAW !- The Autocad Sees the Screeh to-orctinates caleufated luring the Preponention a preeess ore) Com ep them v quick Phe .REPRAW seatale 7 7 4 Commer + REDRAW or R_at what are the Commands Used bor olregting din AudocaD 2 > Drafting Commawels used in Aulocay arc. follousig + 4. Luits Tale Commare! allows to chauye, the uppoy, 2 bayer: — Objeds of g senaning Cam be placed en one Oe more sbeurupaneuf- sheets Calleol the layer. The ZANER command 44 Used to create new dayers, 3. Divmeusioniug » _ The. man wf-activred chawstiog muip: be olimensioned gor sive anmel tolercarrces So thad- the riphp dvfonmation cau be. conveyed. the appemance anuf size of obimensions , aAr80, Size. anal Ryle af cliimen sing feaf- ult 0, wulthae tolerance ano! the Layer Ou whieh otimeusjons are plated can be eoutroled by settiig olueusion Vauables. 4 object Snap! A ery Uusefuf chauving Commana , the OSNAP Lolewthfres the polnts on ahauseg eudrties thf are wiible en Sorecy, coummanl OSAP,4 what aro the baste utility comand Useo! th Autocad ? > the commarels which conbos the basic fumetions of Autochd ane Called as utilily commanols . a. Lrmrps 1 (ZEMITS' Commamnel allours iyoy to change, he cpper cvrol Louser Limils of the chauwing aneg Whale wonkieg ena drawivg . Qi SAVE 1- 'gpve’ cormmmand Saves the Cwrrenf dhowsiug usluch ds tn the Screeh , anol semaing th the obnauustigg eolitor fon pwther eotilding » 3. Qurt:- 'Qurr' Command returns t0 the main menu witout Upolating th phaaeiileg gule., 4. END: END! Command neturng do the wneln meny ame) Updates ax Saves the chraunig file... S uecp! 'NELP* Command Lske al/ fhe comunanals used in Autocnp. The Lip ollsplays a name 4 commowel with its basic. fumetion. This cau be Uses) tn Case gay howe. forgotten amg Command. # Explain Armen stoning Lh Autocad, Y ne olimensyoring wre Lusented fy the otras! og by the use of ‘DrAy’ Commava , There are various Types of cUinensioning lsed Ln fittocAaD :— pte, a 4a. A'neay Simei stony ie Hoxizenda) + Vorkical , —h Aligned. &. Angular Otimenstintig :- This allows ourgulor Alueusioning of. objets, 3. Racial Divaansioning [pls allows nacho} Bimensioning of crele 0 are, Ly, Dsamnet nal Dimensionivg '- TALS allouss oliawmetres Arucensyorg og a errele., 36,UNST-W # - Sorsp Movetein ¢ 4 what elo you mean by solid meeleliing a Geduetue , Mocellin ¢ 7 TEL a process og goreuting 3D obyeeks for omnaly Hs olesiyn ,oleapting are) rranupaitine. re eneates q olatabase ewlrich ts Used to Liiplay the oye? to prepare olracsiige Of the byes! asith ctitpere wbws to prepare lett fom Th CAD. Geometuie, vnodellog £4 Concerneof utith the, computer Compatible. mathematica) olescription af- the gecnate? of an objec sie. grphical aepresevdilirg of Ue shape anil sine of Me physi] obyaels, “he geowetric rmacels cau be. broly Categarie of Lnto ape © (0) Two- Oruvcensiona). (it) Three- Or urenstonal - > se of geousetue uipolelliug :- Geoweluie tarcclelbing cacelel be. Used fot following gemetions :- 4 Design fralyss, ae Baageirg. 3. Manugactury ae proeluction Eyprueens 5 Trspection aud quallty cowte/. —4 whet ans, the ty Solid moolel/ owielee. Mmoclellp. Fi ani mowed OE > pussy tse Phot, types 4. natty eychiy i 4. Aline frame ronadtelling 1— we ig the. simplest of Lhe. tee moelelg. These are qerewted by corctirutng Mine. The points anol Lines genet, the otyek and then translation, rotation or sealing le Carries. -Oup, Tre wuhefname moclels olefine the celpes nal Surface af 3D objects, Aly the shjeeds are formed of polygem meshes, These moolels can BD UW frame pom bhine frame. wroclelfing dau be clarsifrea) hulp folowing three. types :- @) 2D = Useol fe two olimentfona) reprecenfablon of Hot objects @) 2fO= THs i. Usee] Lo nepreseat Abree abimewsjond aber as Long as it has no Site walls, (7) 2D = THis 4s cused For Zul) BD WBelellNA of o - ae4 Coop lain the types % Soli moclelling : - > 4 constructive. Sokio Gooweliey + - re. constructive bolted georneley Cesc) approach 4 a ver poverty lechwage technique FOr representing Sairly coupler jobs wth Aelekives case . ThLs fachnugue_ 4s based on He topo Logics} notetien pat an obyeot Cam be cbincled tuto 4 Ser of primitives Chase elements os shapes), wlth ean be combined again to Jorm the ober by pollousing a sel a Boolean wations. seme. Comnmenty seo] primitives th #42. Solid mneelelitng are, sroum as polls! aa - wt OL fuclen Cove. Pred i @ @ Frustey G Cone Heutiphare sphere Toeue_ wufation CB-rep): - 2: Boun Bounolary = srepneseufabion Chto) tt one of the mest populaaly Lsee techrigue ag Soleo moetelling A b-sep rmeele] ds nrcpreserted as a Volume condalned gy 9 sof of foces togather— iith topological tufermatlion aba phe rolationstip between — faeces. — 29.Bs Surface. Modelling 1- Buwrface, mock] 46 Constryctoo) From Surhates Such as planes , curved Surkaces awe any Very Coumplesc. Surtees ,cuch ab Bexvieg camel — B -splineg . Chete. moelels are. Capable. of- cousphetey mrepne-stuti ng the selbie rom the manusacturde poimbo4 pred. Hower a Surface. made) oloernat pve, amy Ludgorundting reparcling toe. Lrtenior of de Salid , requines) yor re fhe N@ Cudter_ olat . (ep 3. Solid mocteling t- Bobicl wnoctelling Le He vost powerfey} imelad oe = Hee climensiona| Salid repreceupetion sy thts tehnique meclels ane. represented ag tolls, thug Here is Loscer rte ef mis- Later pretation , By lng color, to Huse draunivige Pley jus berome. realistic.a benep bolid ds bounales/ by its Sweface., whieh — Seperates points Lnsile- from poirds butside of the. Solid Because of Hus a be rcp Sole) L8 represtefe] as q closed space. in 2D space, The geometny of a ke-vep solid £3 olescutbed iy dds vertices » colges cr] Surfaces. fin ealge tx bouneled by vertices ord face. us bouneled by edlges . faces of soltf Cau be formed by aither sfraight LYnes 04 ced sepmenfs. A B- Rep angele) af any objeof Comsisfs Bo laorrg obennenfs ;, ) Veoten— (@) Felye @D fase (w) Loop @) Hewelle- () Boely # Name. aro tiscuns two metnoels of Geowokdc Constructrons '— > 4 Linear Eoetrysion '- CTremsfatron) Suveep) '~ qn Liners extrusion 0% also buswn as trams/ation swep.g drec. umenssora) Aoltd as shown Ds by. can be generated by Linearly suwreeping a turd — olimensfora/ Surgace Qa strabghy- but The Sweeping oloes nop need to bea sfregghy- Line, i cau be ony tnee.-climeusfera) space. Curve.Tramsfation Sweep (Extrucle) 2. Patational Susesp '- tp potatoe] Sweep, she planer. turo olimensj ero} paint: set Ls rotates| about on als of notation by a give angle. fer suscep log hebica Wx Spina] objects am adalitions| aneiap ox radia) offre} Com be. prowicted . Pekational Sweep cam only be Used Por anti-symmebue. componenfs. es “Reiationa) Sweepfe Compare 2D ane) 30 wlineprame maoelellys auth nesperp to tots utility Jor an eusgineening Baleshys ? Jt Nos QD- Models 2O- Models b+ | Uses) dor obeausing of | Used for cbeausing of Simple 2D objects CompLieated 3D objects, En Requirg ouly one, global require. the use of loordinate System Cw)! gevora} user olefined — Coorctinate. Systin to create Frodwnes On Yarious faces OH the pout, B |e bs otifhicult Lo — pong uiith 3& tips, 22 neconsfruot 32 Tmeges | wag and ever picteria/ views Can be genexaled hy | Onds of Unes ane repressed] Ordls % Lines are — by Cay) Comrelinates represented by Cx, 4%) oor pate S: Curnred eolgeg ane - curses} eolges ane — nepreserter) by onde 1 nreprveseutey, by surtably elipses , splines Spaced gonerafors , 6. To connechly Aepreret a coupler objert, ancl additional piew , sectional Views ane requysed, using olden Lire/ surface.