Nys TRM V11 - 2024-01-01

New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy
Savings from Energy Efficiency Programs –
Residential, Multi-Family, and Commercial/Industrial Measures
Version 11
Issue Date – October 6, 2023

Effective Date – January 1, 2024
New York State Joint Utilities

Version History of the New York State Technical Resource Manual
Version Title Issued

n/a 12/28/2008
Selected Residential and Small Commercial Measures
(Electric)
n/a Savings from Energy Efficiency Programs (Gas) – 3/25/2009
Selected Residential and Small Commercial Gas Measures
n/a Savings from Energy Efficiency Measures in Multi-family 7/9/2009
Programs
n/a Savings from Energy Efficiency Measures in Commercial 9/1/2009
Industrial Programs
n/a Savings from Energy Efficiency Programs – 12/16/2009
Single Family Residential Measures
1 10/15/2010
Residential, Multi-family, and Commercial/Industrial
Measures
2 12/10/2014
Measures
3 6/1/2015
Measures
4 4/29/2016
Measures
5 7/17/2017
Measures
5.1 3/15/2018
Measures
5.2 4/10/2018
Measures
6 4/16/2018
Measures
6.1 1/31/2019
Measures
7 4/15/2019
Measures
8 7/31/2020
Measures
9 8/30/2021
Measures
10 12/30/2022
Measures
11 10/6/2023
Measures
Acknowledgements The New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy Savings from Energy Efficiency
Programs – Residential, Multi-family, and Commercial/Industrial Measures, Version 11, dated October 6, 2023, was
updated by the Technical Resource Manual Management Committee led by the Joint Utilities 1 in consultation with
New York State Department of Public Service. In accordance with the Commission’s February 26, 2015 Order in
Case 14-M-0101 – Proceeding on the Motion of the Commission in Regard to Reforming the Energy Vision, Staff
has transferred this document to the Joint Utilities as of June 1, 2015 to support the Joint Utilities in assuming
responsibility for the ongoing maintenance of the Technical Resource Manual.
1
Central Hudson Gas and Electric Corporation (“Central Hudson”), Consolidated Edison Company of New York,
Inc. (“Con Edison”), National Fuel Gas Distribution Corporation (“National Fuel”), New York State Electric & Gas
Corporation (“NYSEG”), Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation d/b/a National Grid, The Brooklyn Union Gas
Company d/b/a National Grid NY and KeySpan Gas East Corporation d/b/a National Grid (collectively “National
Grid”), Orange and Rockland Utilities, Inc. (“O&R”), and Rochester Gas and Electric Corporation (“RG&E”).
Table of Revisions/Changes
Location/
Revision Addition/ Effective
Issue Date Measure Description of Change Page in
Number Revision Date
TRM
Added language to clarify that unit(s)
R/MF Air
must be removed from operation to
Conditioner -
3-23-1 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 avoid unit sales on secondary market. Pg. 65
Room (RAC)
Updated baseline and compliance
Recycling
conditions.
R/MF Added language to clarify that unit(s)
3-23-2 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Dehumidifier must be removed from operation to Pg. 71
Recycling avoid unit sales on secondary market.
R/MF
must be removed from operation to
Refrigerator and
3-23-3 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 avoid unit sales on secondary market. Pg. 75
Freezer
Updated coincidence factor with new
Recycling
source.
Added savings for CPVC/PEX Piping.
R/MF Insulation
Updated sources, baseline, and
3-23-4 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 - Hot Water and Pg. 92
compliance tables. Revised electric
Steam Pipe
savings factor per RECS 2020.
Savings table adjusted for Binghamton
R/MF Window –
3-23-7 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 region for double-paned windows with Pg. 116
Film
AC w/ fuel heat.
R/MF Energy specifications to accommodate the
and Heat establishment of technical specifications
3-23-8 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 237
Recovery based on either AHRI Standard 1060
Ventilator (commercial-duty) or HVI Publication
920/CSA-C439 (residential-duty).
Removed table of default SEER2, EER2,
and HSPF2 values by HVAC type.
R/MF Heat Pump
Added a conversion table and equation
3-23-9 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 - Air Source Pg. 251
for SEER and HSPF. Updated the
(ccASHP)
control scenario descriptions and
corresponding adjustment values.
R/MF
Thermostat - Wi- No revisions applied – measure marked
3-23-10 Removal 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 N/A
Fi for removal from TRM.
(Communicating)
R/MF Interior
LMI LED Table of Hours per Day by
3-23-11 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 and Exterior Pg. 361
Unit Count explanation added.
Lighting
C/I Air
Conditioner -
3-23-12 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 must be removed from operation to Pg. 541
Room (RAC)
avoid unit sales on secondary market.
Recycling
Commercial Cool No revisions applied - measure marked
3-23-13 Removal 3/31/2023 3/31/2023 N/A
Roofs for removal from TRM
Added savings for CPVC/PEX Piping.
C/I Insulation –
Updated sources, baseline, and
3-23-14 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Hot Water and Pg. 565
compliance tables. Revised electric
Steam Pipe
savings factor per CBECS 2018.
October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Location/
TRM
specifications to accommodate the
C/I Energy and
establishment of technical specifications
3-23-15 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Heat Recovery Pg.748
based on either AHRI Standard 1060
Ventilator
(commercial-duty) or HVI Publication
920/CSA-C439 (residential-duty).
Removed table of default SEER2, EER2,
and HSPF2 values by HVAC type.
C/I Heat Pump -
Added a conversion table and equation
3-23-16 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Air Source Pg. 758
for SEER and HSPF. Updated the
(ccASHP)
control scenario descriptions and
corresponding adjustment values.
C/I Energy
Updated deemed savings factors for
Management
3-23-17 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 electric energy, fossil fuel energy and Pg.864
System (EMS) -
demand.
Guest Room
C/I Thermostat -
3-23-18 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Wi-Fi Language added to Measure Description Pg.888
(Communicating)
R/MF Heat Pump Updated formula formatting, and
Water Heater GPD/unit definition for clarity and to
3-23-19 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 136
(HPWH) - Air better reflect the intended usage in
Source multifamily scenarios.
No revisions applied - Appendix marked
3-23-20 Removal 3/31/2023 3/31/2023 Appendix I N/A
for removal from TRM
3-23-21 R 3/31/2023 1/1/2024 Appendix P Updated EUL of GSHP systems. Pg.1389
Peak Load Shape Factors updated for
3-23-22 A 3/31/2023 3/31/2023 Appendix Q Pg. 1406
NYSEG/RG&E territories.
Added content to expand application to
R/MF Insulation floor and rim joist insulation; included
6-23-1 R 7/14/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 99
- Opaque Shell provisions for derating existing
insulation R-values
R/MF Plastic
6-23-2 A 7/14/2023 7/14/2023 Window New Measure Added Pg. 131
Insulation
R/MF Energy
Updated method to simplify algorithms
and Heat
6-23-4 R 7/14/2023 1/1/2024 and incorporate average temperature and Pg. 237
Recovery
enthalpy values based on bin analysis.
Ventilator.docx
R/MF Heat Pump
6-23-6 A 7/14/2023 7/14/2023 New Measure Added Pg. 266
- Air-to-Water
Added EUL guidance based specific
R/MF Lighting –
implementation scenario and prescribed
6-23-8 R 7/14/2023 1/1/2024 Interior and Pg. 361
baseline (e.g., LMI vs. Market Rate,
Exterior Lighting
Mid/Upstream vs. Downstream)
6-23-9 A 7/14/2023 7/14/2023 C/I Air Purifier New Measure Added Pg. 437
6-23-10 A 7/14/2023 7/14/2023 C/I Dehumidifier New Measure Added Pg. 468
C/I Energy and Updated method to simplify algorithms
6-23-11 R 7/14/2023 1/1/2024 Heat Recovery and incorporate average temperature and Pg. 748
Ventilator enthalpy values based on bin analysis

Location/
TRM
C/I Energy
Rework of the methodology and analysis
Management
6-23-12 R 7/14/2023 1/1/2024 using new sources to factor in efficiency Pg. 864
System (EMR) -
of HVAC equipment.
Guest Room
C/I Thermostat -
Updated reference link and removed
6-23-13 R 7/14/2023 1/1/2024 Wi-Fi Pg. 888
restriction on learning capability
(Communicating)
Added EULs for R/MF Plastic Window
6-23-16 R 7/14/2023 1/1/2024 Appendix P Insulation, R/MF Heat Pump - Air-to- Pg. 1389
Water, C/I Air Purifier, C/I Dehumidifier
6-23-17 A 7/14/2023 7/14/2023 Appendix R New Section Added Pg. 1420
Replaces the Residential "Thermostat -
Learning" and “Thermostat – Wi-Fi
R/MF Connected
9-23-8 R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 (Communicating) measures; provides Pg. 334
Thermostat
updated guidance depending on the
channel/program delivery mechanism.
Updated tables outline and values to
align with HVAC systems in the TRM
and most current weather data source;
9-23-9 R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Appendix D considers proportionality of HVAC Pg. 1202
systems in residential and commercial
buildings based on current CBECS and
RECS data.
Added section pertaining to NYC Local
N/A A 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Introduction Pg. 6
Law 154
R/MF Air requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 10
Purifier Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.
requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 R/MF Fireplace Pg. 37
Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.
R/MF Low-Flow requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 164
- Faucet Aerator Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.
R/MF Low-Flow requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 172
- Showerhead Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 R/MF Pool Pump Pg. 382
standards.
C/I Combination requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 453
Oven Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.

Location/
TRM
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 C/I Dishwasher Pg. 473
standards.
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 C/I Fireplace Pg. 485
standards.
C/I Insulated requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 507
Holding Cabinet Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.
C/I Oven,
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Steamer, Fryer Pg. 512
and Griddle
standards.
C/I Low-Flow - requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 663
Faucet Aerator Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.
C/I Low-Flow - requirements to align with current NYS
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Pg. 679
Showerhead Appliance Standards and high efficiency
standards.
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 C/I Pool Pump Pg. 951
standards.
Added EUL for R/MF Advanced Boiler
Control, C/I Advanced Rooftop Control;
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Appendix P Pg. 1389
Modified EUL for C/I Heat Pump Water
Heater
Updated definition for Specific Heat of
N/A R 10/6/2023 1/1/2024 Global Throughout
Water
Note: Revisions and additions to the measures listed above were undertaken by the Joint Utilities Technical Resource
Manual (TRM) Management Committee between January 1, 2023 – October 6, 2023.

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................1
History..................................................................................................................................................................1
System Peak Demand Definition ..........................................................................................................................3
Natural Gas Peak Savings Definition ..................................................................................................................5
Coincidence Factor ..............................................................................................................................................5
Ancillary Non-Gas Fossil Fuel Impacts ...............................................................................................................5
Annual/Life-Cycle Savings ...................................................................................................................................5
Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH), for Heating or Cooling ............................................................................5
Application of Methods for Low- and Moderate-Income (LMI) Residential ........................................................6
New Construction Baselines – NYC Local Law 154 of 2021 ...............................................................................6
SINGLE AND MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL MEASURES ...............................10
APPLIANCE ................................................................................................................................ 10
Air Purifier ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Clothes Dryer ..................................................................................................................................................... 15
Clothes Washer .................................................................................................................................................. 20
Dehumidifier ...................................................................................................................................................... 27
Dishwasher ........................................................................................................................................................ 31
Fireplace ............................................................................................................................................................ 37
Heat Pump Clothes Dryers ................................................................................................................................ 41
Induction Cooktops ............................................................................................................................................ 45
Refrigerator and Freezer ................................................................................................................................... 49
Soundbar ............................................................................................................................................................ 58
APPLIANCE – CONTROL ............................................................................................................. 61
Advanced Power Strip (APS) ............................................................................................................................. 61
APPLIANCE RECYCLING ............................................................................................................. 65
Air Conditioner - Room (RAC) Recycling .......................................................................................................... 65
Dehumidifier Recycling ...................................................................................................................................... 71
Refrigerator and Freezer Recycling ................................................................................................................... 75
BUILDING SHELL ....................................................................................................................... 81
Air Conditioner – Room (RAC) Cover and Gap Sealer ..................................................................................... 81
Air Leakage Sealing ........................................................................................................................................... 86
Insulation - Hot Water and Steam Pipe.............................................................................................................. 92
Insulation - Opaque Shell................................................................................................................................... 99
Window ............................................................................................................................................................ 108
Window – Film ................................................................................................................................................. 116
Window - Low-E Storm .................................................................................................................................... 125
Window – Plastic Insulation ............................................................................................................................ 131
DOMESTIC HOT WATER ........................................................................................................... 136
Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) – Air Source............................................................................................. 136
Indirect Water Heater ...................................................................................................................................... 149
Storage Tank and Instantaneous Domestic Water Heater ............................................................................... 155
DOMESTIC HOT WATER – CONTROL ........................................................................................ 164
Low-Flow - Faucet Aerator ............................................................................................................................. 164
Low-Flow - Showerhead .................................................................................................................................. 172
Thermostatic Shower Restriction Valve ........................................................................................................... 179
HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) .................................................... 188
Air Conditioner - Central (CAC) ..................................................................................................................... 188
Air Conditioner - Room (RAC) ........................................................................................................................ 193
Air Conditioner and Heat Pump – Packaged Terminal ................................................................................... 198
Boiler, Furnace and Unit Heater ..................................................................................................................... 206
Boiler and Furnace - Combination (“Combi”) Boiler and Furnace ............................................................... 211

Table of Contents
Duct Sealing and Insulation ............................................................................................................................. 220

Electronically Commutated (EC) Motor – HVAC Blower Fan ........................................................................ 227
Electronically Commutated (EC) Motor – Hydronic Circulator Pump ........................................................... 231
Energy and Heat Recovery Ventilator ............................................................................................................. 237
Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP).................................................................................................................. 249
Heat Pump – Air-to-Water ............................................................................................................................... 266
Heat Pump – Water-to-Air Ground Source (GSHP) ........................................................................................ 279
Refrigerant Charge Correction & Tune Up – Air Conditioner and Heat Pump .............................................. 300
Tune-Up - Boiler .............................................................................................................................................. 307
Tune-Up - Furnace........................................................................................................................................... 310
HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) – CONTROL ................................. 313
Adaptive Photonic Control for HVAC Fan Motors .......................................................................................... 313
Boiler – Advanced Control............................................................................................................................... 320
Outdoor Temperature Setback Control for Hydronic Boiler ........................................................................... 323
Steam Trap – Low Pressure Space Heating ..................................................................................................... 326
Submetering ..................................................................................................................................................... 331
Connected Thermostat ..................................................................................................................................... 334
Thermostat - Programmable Setback ............................................................................................................... 341
Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) – One Pipe Steam Radiator .................................................................... 347
Smart Thermostatic Radiator Enclosure (TRE) ............................................................................................... 351
LIGHTING ................................................................................................................................. 357
Connected Lighting .......................................................................................................................................... 357
Interior and Exterior Lighting ......................................................................................................................... 361
LIGHTING - CONTROL .............................................................................................................. 376
MOTORS AND DRIVES .............................................................................................................. 377
Pool Circulator Timer ...................................................................................................................................... 377
Pool Pump ........................................................................................................................................................ 382
OTHER ..................................................................................................................................... 387
Heat Pump Pool Heater ................................................................................................................................... 387
Pool Heater ...................................................................................................................................................... 395
Solar Pool Heater ............................................................................................................................................ 399
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL MEASURES .................................................404
AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................... 404
High Speed Fan................................................................................................................................................ 404
Livestock Waterer ............................................................................................................................................ 410
Milk Pre-Cooler Heat Exchanger .................................................................................................................... 413
Refrigeration Heat Recovery – Dairy Farms ................................................................................................... 418
Scroll Compressor – Dairy Farms ................................................................................................................... 424
AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT – CONTROL................................................................................. 429
Engine Block Heater Timer .............................................................................................................................. 429
Variable Speed Drive Vacuum Pump – Dairy Farms ...................................................................................... 432
APPLIANCE .............................................................................................................................. 437
Air Purifier ....................................................................................................................................................... 437
Clothes Dryer ................................................................................................................................................... 442
Clothes Washer ................................................................................................................................................ 447
Combination Oven ........................................................................................................................................... 453
Conveyor Broiler.............................................................................................................................................. 465
Dehumidifier .................................................................................................................................................... 468
Dishwasher ...................................................................................................................................................... 473
Electric Deck Oven .......................................................................................................................................... 479
Fireplace .......................................................................................................................................................... 485
Ice Maker ......................................................................................................................................................... 489
Induction Cooktops .......................................................................................................................................... 494

Table of Contents
Infrared Charbroiler ........................................................................................................................................ 499

Infrared Salamander Broiler............................................................................................................................ 504
Insulated Holding Cabinet ............................................................................................................................... 507
Oven, Steamer, Fryer and Griddle ................................................................................................................... 512
Refrigerator and Freezer ................................................................................................................................. 524
APPLIANCE – CONTROL ........................................................................................................... 531
Advanced Power Strip (APS) ........................................................................................................................... 531
Vending Machine and Novelty Cooler Control ................................................................................................ 535
APPLIANCE RECYCLING ........................................................................................................... 541
Air Conditioner – Room (RAC) Recycling ....................................................................................................... 541
BUILDING SHELL ..................................................................................................................... 546
Air Curtain ....................................................................................................................................................... 546
Air Leakage Sealing ......................................................................................................................................... 555
Insulation - Hot Water and Steam Pipe............................................................................................................ 565
Insulation - Opaque Shell................................................................................................................................. 573
Window - Film.................................................................................................................................................. 579
Window - Glazing............................................................................................................................................. 583
COMPRESSED AIR .................................................................................................................... 588
Air Compressor ................................................................................................................................................ 588
Compressed Air Heat Recovery ....................................................................................................................... 592
Compressed Air Flow Controller ..................................................................................................................... 597
Compressed Air - Low Pressure Drop Filters .................................................................................................. 602
Engineered Air Nozzle ..................................................................................................................................... 607
No Air Loss Water Drain ................................................................................................................................. 611
Refrigerated Air Dryer ..................................................................................................................................... 615
DOMESTIC HOT WATER ........................................................................................................... 618
Indirect Water Heater ...................................................................................................................................... 618
Instantaneous Water Heater ............................................................................................................................ 628
Storage Tank Water Heater ............................................................................................................................. 636
DOMESTIC HOT WATER (DHW) – CONTROL ........................................................................... 644
Central Domestic Hot Water (DHW) Control .................................................................................................. 644
Domestic Hot Water (DHW) Temperature Turndown ..................................................................................... 652
Drain Water Heat Recovery (DWHR) .............................................................................................................. 657
Low-Flow - Faucet Aerator ............................................................................................................................. 663
Low-Flow - Pre-Rinse Spray Valve (PRSV) ..................................................................................................... 669
Low-Flow - Salon Valve ................................................................................................................................... 674
Low-Flow - Showerhead .................................................................................................................................. 679
HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) .................................................... 684
Air Conditioner and Heat Pump – Packaged Terminal ................................................................................... 684
Air Conditioner and Heat Pump - Unitary & Applied ..................................................................................... 691
Boiler, Furnace and Unit Heater ..................................................................................................................... 700
Boiler and Furnace - Combination (“Combi”) Boiler and Furnace ............................................................... 704
Boiler Economizer............................................................................................................................................ 713
Chiller - Air and Water Cooled ........................................................................................................................ 717
Chiller - Cooling Tower ................................................................................................................................... 721
Duct Sealing and Insulation ............................................................................................................................. 724
Economizer - Dual Enthalpy Air Side .............................................................................................................. 730
Electronically Commutated (EC) Motor - HVAC Blower Fan......................................................................... 733
Electronically Commutated (EC) Motor – Hydronic Circulator Pumps.......................................................... 739
Energy and Heat Recovery Ventilator ............................................................................................................. 748
Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP).................................................................................................................. 758
Heat Pump – Water-to-Air Ground Source (GSHP) ........................................................................................ 774
Heat Pump – Water-to-Air Ground Source (GSHPs) in Systems with Central Pumping ................................ 791
High-Volume Low Speed (HVLS) Fan ............................................................................................................. 815

Table of Contents
Infrared Heater ................................................................................................................................................ 820

Kitchen Demand Control Ventilation (KDCV) ................................................................................................ 824
Refrigerant Charge Correction & Tune Up - Air Conditioner and Heat Pump............................................... 828
Tune-Up - Boiler .............................................................................................................................................. 834
Tune-Up - Chiller System ................................................................................................................................. 837
Tune-Up - Furnace........................................................................................................................................... 841
HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) – CONTROL ................................. 845
Adaptive Photonic Control for HVAC Fan Motors .......................................................................................... 845
Advanced RTU Control .................................................................................................................................... 853
Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) ................................................................................................................ 860
Energy Management System (EMS) - Guest Room .......................................................................................... 864
Outdoor Temperature Setback Control for Hydronic Boiler ........................................................................... 870
Pneumatic System to Direct Digital Control (DDC) System Upgrade............................................................. 873
Steam Trap – Low Pressure Space Heating ..................................................................................................... 878
Steam Trap Monitoring System – Low Pressure Space Heating ...................................................................... 883
Thermostat - Wi-Fi (Communicating) .............................................................................................................. 888
Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) ................................................................................................................. 892
LIGHTING ................................................................................................................................. 896
Interior and Exterior Lighting ......................................................................................................................... 896
LED Open Sign ................................................................................................................................................ 904
Refrigerated Case LED .................................................................................................................................... 910
LIGHTING – CONTROL .............................................................................................................. 914
Bi-Level Lighting.............................................................................................................................................. 914
Interior Lighting Control ................................................................................................................................. 919
MOTORS AND DRIVES .............................................................................................................. 925
Elevator Modernization ................................................................................................................................... 925
Motor................................................................................................................................................................ 933
Notched and Synchronous Belt ........................................................................................................................ 939
PEI-Rated Clean Water Pump ......................................................................................................................... 946
Pool Pump ........................................................................................................................................................ 951
Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) - Fan and Pump ......................................................................................... 956
OTHER ..................................................................................................................................... 959
Pool Heater ...................................................................................................................................................... 959
Heat Pump Pool Heater ................................................................................................................................... 963
High Efficiency Transformer ............................................................................................................................ 972
High Frequency Battery Charger .................................................................................................................... 978
High Viscosity Index Industrial Lubricant – Gear Box .................................................................................... 985
High Viscocity Index Industrial Lubricant – Hydraulic System ....................................................................... 988
Solar Pool Cover.............................................................................................................................................. 991
PROCESS EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................... 999
Ozone Generator for On-Premises Laundry .................................................................................................... 999
Process Exhaust Filtration and Recirculation ............................................................................................... 1004
Steam Trap - Other Application ..................................................................................................................... 1008
Steam Trap Monitoring System – Other Applications.................................................................................... 1014
REFRIGERATION ..................................................................................................................... 1020
Air-Cooled Refrigeration Condenser ............................................................................................................. 1020
Automatic Door Closer for Walk-In Cooler/Freezer ..................................................................................... 1023
Cooler and Freezer Door Gasket ................................................................................................................... 1026
Cooler and Freezer Door Strip ...................................................................................................................... 1029
Electronically Commutated (EC) Motor - Refrigerated Case or Walk-In Cooler/Freezer Evaporator Fan . 1033
Evaporator Fan Motor – with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), for Refrigerated Case or
Walk-In Cooler/Freezer ................................................................................................................................. 1040
Refrigerated Case Door ................................................................................................................................. 1045
Refrigerated Case Night Cover ...................................................................................................................... 1050

Table of Contents
REFRIGERATION - CONTROL .................................................................................................. 1054

Anti-Condensation Heater Control ................................................................................................................ 1054
Evaporator Fan Control ................................................................................................................................ 1058
Floating Head Pressure Control .................................................................................................................... 1061
CUSTOM MEASURES ...............................................................................................1065
DEFINITIONS .......................................................................................................................... 1065
CUSTOM MEASURES .............................................................................................................. 1066
Category 1 – Unique Measures/Projects ....................................................................................................... 1066
Category 2 – Measures Including Prescriptive Measures Not in the TRM .................................................... 1067
Category 3 – Measures in TRM but Used in a Different Application/Environment....................................... 1067
Category 4 – Whole-Building Analysis .......................................................................................................... 1068
Category 5 – Residential Retrofit Standardized Simulation for Measure Packages ...................................... 1071
Category 6 – Residential Heat Pump Plus Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulation For Measure
Packages (HP + Retrofit)............................................................................................................................... 1088
APPENDIX A ...............................................................................................................1126
BUILDING TYPES.................................................................................................................... 1126
PROTOTYPICAL BUILDING DESCRIPTIONS .............................................................................. 1127
Residential Building Prototypes ..................................................................................................................... 1127
Single-family Residential Prototype ............................................................................................................... 1127
Multi-family Low-Rise .................................................................................................................................... 1130
Multi-family High-Rise................................................................................................................................... 1133
Commercial Building Prototypes ................................................................................................................... 1136
APPENDIX B ...............................................................................................................1162
HVAC WEIGHTING FACTORS ................................................................................................ 1162
Single-family Residential Building Calculations ........................................................................................... 1162
Multi-family Residential Building Calculations ............................................................................................. 1163
Commercial Building Calculations ................................................................................................................ 1164
APPENDIX C ...............................................................................................................1165
STANDARD FIXTURE WATTS ................................................................................................. 1165
Compact Fluorescent Fixtures ....................................................................................................................... 1165
EXIT Sign Fixtures ......................................................................................................................................... 1169
Linear Fluorescent Fixtures ........................................................................................................................... 1171
Circline Fluorescent Fixtures ........................................................................................................................ 1192
U-Tube Fluorescent Fixtures ......................................................................................................................... 1193
Standard Incandescent Fixtures ..................................................................................................................... 1194
Halogen Incandescent Fixtures ...................................................................................................................... 1196
QL Induction Fixtures .................................................................................................................................... 1197
High Pressure Sodium Fixtures ..................................................................................................................... 1198
Metal Halide Fixtures .................................................................................................................................... 1198
Mercury Vapor Fixtures ................................................................................................................................. 1200
APPENDIX D ...............................................................................................................1202
HVAC INTERACTIVE EFFECTS MULTIPLIERS ........................................................................ 1202
Default Values ................................................................................................................................................ 1202
Values by HVAC Type .................................................................................................................................... 1203
APPENDIX E ...............................................................................................................1205
OPAQUE SHELL MEASURE SAVINGS ...................................................................................... 1205
Single-family Residential Insulation Upgrades .............................................................................................. 1205

Table of Contents
Multi-Family Low-rise Insulation Upgrades ................................................................................................. 1226

Multi-Family High-rise Insulation Upgrades ................................................................................................ 1247
Infiltration Reduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1257
Commercial Ceiling Insulation Upgrade ....................................................................................................... 1259
APPENDIX F ...............................................................................................................1282
WINDOW AND HIGH PERFORMANCE GLAZING ....................................................................... 1282
Single-family Residential Energy Star® Windows .......................................................................................... 1282
Multi-family Low-rise Energy Star® Windows ............................................................................................... 1283
Commercial High Performance Windows ...................................................................................................... 1285
Window Film .................................................................................................................................................. 1297
APPENDIX G ...............................................................................................................1300
EQUIVALENT FULL-LOAD HOURS (EFLH), FOR HEATING AND COOLING .............................. 1300
Single-family Detached Cooling EFLH by Vintage and City ......................................................................... 1300
Multi-family Low-Rise Cooling EFLH by Vintage and City .......................................................................... 1301
Multi-family High-Rise Cooling EFLH by Vintage and City ......................................................................... 1301
Single-family Detached Heating EFLH by Vintage and City ......................................................................... 1301
Multi-family Low-Rise Heating EFLH by Vintage and City .......................................................................... 1301
Multi-family High-Rise Heating EFLH by Vintage and City ......................................................................... 1302
Small Commercial Cooling EFLH ................................................................................................................. 1303
Large Commercial Cooling EFLH ................................................................................................................. 1303
Small Commercial Heating EFLH ................................................................................................................. 1304
Large Commercial Heating EFLH ................................................................................................................. 1304
APPENDIX H ...............................................................................................................1306
HVAC DISTRIBUTION EFFICIENCIES ..................................................................................... 1306
APPENDIX I ................................................................................................................1312
APPENDIX J ................................................................................................................1313
COMMERCIAL HVAC UNIT SAVINGS .................................................................................... 1313
Air Side Economizer....................................................................................................................................... 1313
Close Approach Cooling Towers ................................................................................................................... 1314
Economizer .................................................................................................................................................... 1315
APPENDIX K ...............................................................................................................1320
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES ............................................................................................. 1320
APPENDIX L ...............................................................................................................1323
MINIMUM MOTOR EFFICIENCY – ECCCNYS ........................................................................ 1323
APPENDIX M ..............................................................................................................1324
GUIDELINES FOR EARLY REPLACEMENT CONDITION ............................................................. 1324
APPENDIX N ...............................................................................................................1375
SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCE ....................................................................................................... 1375
APPENDIX O ...............................................................................................................1385
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LIGHTING POLICY................................................................ 1385
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 1385
The Overall Principles ................................................................................................................................... 1386

Table of Contents
Discussion by Type of Equipment Replaced................................................................................................... 1386

Eligibility for Rebates .................................................................................................................................... 1387
Costs to be Modeled ........................................................................................................................................ 1388
APPENDIX P ...............................................................................................................1389
EFFECTIVE USEFUL LIFE (EUL) ............................................................................................. 1389
Single and Multi-family Residential Measures .............................................................................................. 1389
Commercial and Industrial Measures ............................................................................................................ 1396
APPENDIX Q ..............................................................................................................1406
PEAK LOAD SHAPE FACTORS ................................................................................................. 1406
Natural Gas .................................................................................................................................................... 1406
Natural Gas Peak Savings Definition ............................................................................................................ 1406
Peak-Day Gas Impact Calculation Methodology .......................................................................................... 1406
Peak-Load Shape Factor Tables .................................................................................................................... 1407
Application Guidance .................................................................................................................................... 1417
APPENDIX R ..............................................................................................................1420
ALTERNATIVE PROGRAMMATIC APPROACH TO RESIDENTIAL COLD CLIMATE AIR SOURCE HEAT
PUMPS (CCASHP) .................................................................................................................. 1420
FORMS .........................................................................................................................1424
TYPICAL MEASURE HEADINGS .............................................................................................. 1424
GLOSSARY..................................................................................................................1426

Introduction
INTRODUCTION
The Commission is committed to using the best possible information in the estimation of savings
from measures installed through ratepayer funded energy efficiency programs. Information
contained within this manual supersedes information contained in earlier versions and is effective
as of the date specified.
HISTORY
In a series of Commission orders related to approving the portfolio of programs associated with
the Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard (EEPS), the Commission approved technical manuals
designed to provide a standardized, fair, and transparent approach for measuring program energy
savings. The five technical manuals approved between December 2008 and December 2009
covered a variety of measures applicable to the single-family, multi-family, and
commercial/industrial sectors. They were consolidated into one manual entitled, New York
Standard Approach for Estimating Energy Savings from Energy Efficiency Programs- Residential,
Multi-family, and Commercial/Industrial Measures (“the Consolidated Technical Resource
Manual”) dated October 15, 20102 with an effective date of January 1, 2011.
On December 10, 2014, the Department of Public Service Staff (Staff), released the New York
Standard Approach for Estimating Energy Savings from Energy Efficiency Program – Single and
Multi-Family Residential, and Commercial/Industrial Measures, Version 2 (Version 2)
incorporating all revisions between October 15, 2011 and September 30, 2014, with an effective
date of December 10, 2014.
The release of the New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy Savings from Energy
Efficiency Program – Single and Multi-Family Residential, and Commercial/Industrial Measures,
Version 3 (Version 3) incorporated all revisions between December 10, 2014 and June 1, 2015,
with an effective date of January 1, 2016.
Version 4 (Version 4) incorporated all revisions between December 10, 2014 and June 1, 2015,
with an effective date of January 1, 2017.
Version 5 (Version 5) incorporates all revisions between April 29, 2016 and June 30, 2017, with
an effective date of January 1, 2018.
Version 5.1 (Version 5.1) incorporated all revisions between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017
2
For purposes of tracking Technical Resource Manual updates, the October 15, 2010 Consolidated Technical
Resource Manual will also be referred to as Version 1, with the protocol of all subsequent Consolidated Updates
being released with sequential Version numbers.

Introduction
with an effective date of January 1, 2018. Version 5.1 was filed for administrative purposes so that
information effective January 1, 2018 is published in one location.
Version 5.2 (Version 5.2) incorporated all revisions between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017
with an effective date of January 1, 2018. Version 5.2 was filed for administrative purposes so that
information effective January 1, 2018 was published in one location. Version 5.2 includes
omissions found in the compiling of Q3-2017 Records-of Revision into Version 5.1.
Version 6 (Version 6) incorporated all revisions between July 1, 2017 and March 29, 2018, with
an effective date of January 1, 2019, new measures between December 31, 2017 and March 29,
2018 with an effective date of March 29, 2018 as well as the removal of one measure effective
March 30, 2018.
Version 6.1 (Version 6.1) incorporated all revisions between April 17, 2018 and January 25, 2019,
with an effective date of January 31, 2019. Version 6.1 was filed for administrative purposes so
that information effective January 1, 2019 was published in one location. Version 6.1 also included
revisions applied to establish consistent language, content and formatting throughout the TRM.
Version 7 (Version 7) incorporated all revisions between January 1, 2019 and March 29, 2019,
with an effective date of January 1, 2020, and new measures and corrections between January 31,
2019 and March 29, 2019 with an effective date of March 29, 2019. Version 7 also included
revisions applied to establish consistent language, content and formatting throughout the TRM.
Version 8 (Version 8) incorporated all revisions between March 29, 2019 and July 31, 2020, with
an effective date of January 1, 2021, and new measures and corrections between March 29, 2019
and July 31, 2020 with an effective date of July 31, 2020. Version 8 also included revisions applied
to establish consistent language, content and formatting throughout the TRM.
Version 9 (Version 9) incorporated all revisions between July 31, 2020 and August 30, 2021, with
an effective date of January 1, 2022, and new measures and corrections between July 31, 2020 and
August 30, 2021 with an effective date of August 30, 2021. Version 9 also included revisions
applied to establish consistent language, content and formatting throughout the TRM.

Introduction
Version 10 (Version 10) incorporated all revisions between September 1, 2021 and December 30,
2022, with an effective date of January 1, 2023, and new measures and corrections between
September 1, 2021 and December 30, 2022 with an effective date of December 30, 2022. Version
10 also included revisions applied to establish consistent language, content and formatting
throughout the TRM.
This current release of the New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy Savings from
Energy Efficiency Program – Single and Multi-Family Residential, and Commercial/Industrial
Measures, Version 11 (Version 11) incorporated all revisions between January 1, 2023 and
October 6, 2023, with an effective date of January 1, 2024, and new measures and corrections
between January 1, 2023 and October 6, 2023 with an effective date of October 6, 2023. Version
11 also includes revisions applied to establish consistent language, content and formatting
throughout the TRM.
For a reference of historical changes to measures presented in the Technical Resource Manual
(TRM), each measure chapter includes a section titled “Record of Revision.” If the measure was
not revised between its original publication (in 2008-2009) and its publication in the Consolidated
Technical Resource Manual, the Revision Number is 0. If the measure was added/revised between
its original publication (in 2008-2009) and its publication in the Consolidated Technical Manual,
the Revision Number will correspond to the number of changes/additions of that measure (ex. 1
or 2). Since the publication of the Consolidated Technical Resource Manual, dated October 15,
2010, Staff has worked with the E2 Working Group3 and its Technical Resource Manual/Measure
Classification Lists Subcommittee to review and approve proposed revisions utilizing the process
established by Commission Order4. These revisions have been documented through the issuance
of Record of Revisions and the Revision Number will correspond to the Revision Number assigned
on its date of issue. These Revision Numbers identifies the month and year of the Record of
Revision in which the measure appeared and includes an index number, which indicates the order
in which that measure appeared in the identified Record of Revision (e.g. Revision Number “1-
17-5” refers to the fifth measure appearing in the Record of Revision published in January 2017).
Revisions made subsequent to the release of Version 11 have been compiled for ease of reference
in the “Table of Revisions/Changes” located just before the Table of Contents in this manual.
These revisions are issued concurrent with Version 11.
SYSTEM PEAK DEMAND DEFINITION

System peak demand typically refers to the highest amount of electricity being consumed at any
one point in time across the entire system network. In most cases, the system network referred to
is the New York Control Area, managed by the New York Independent System Operator. It is the
maximum level of hourly demand during a specific period. The peak periods most commonly
3
The E2 Working Group was formed on February 28, 2014 per the December 26, 2013 Commission Order in Case
07-M-0548 which directed the merger of the functions of the former Implementation Advisory Group (IAG) and the
Evaluation Advisory Group (EAG) and directed Staff to work with NYSERDA and the utilities to form an E 2
Working Group.
4
Case 07-M-0548, Order Approving Modifications to the Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard (EEPS) Program to
Streamline and Increase Flexibility in Administration (issued June 20, 2011).

Introduction
identified are annual and seasonal (summer and winter). 5 Peak coincident demand is the demand
of a measure that occurs at the same time as the system peak.
The TRM equations are developed to estimate peak electric savings (kW) along with electric
consumption and fossil fuel consumption savings. The definition of the peak demand period for
conducting engineering simulations and estimating coincidence factors are as follows:
Electricity – Summer Peak

According to the NYISO, system peaks generally occur during the hour ending at 5 pm on the
hottest non-holiday weekday. The peak day can occur in June, July, or August, depending on the
weather. Program Administrators (PAs) should calculate coincident peak demand savings based
on the hottest summer non-holiday weekday during the hour ending at 5pm.
Building energy simulation programs or other calculation techniques using the Typical
Meteorological Year version 3 (TMY3) data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory
(NREL) shall use the calendar year definition and day of the year as shown below:
City Date Temperature Calendar Year

Albany July 21 96 1995
Binghamton August 14 93 1998
Buffalo July 21 89 1995
Massena August 15 94 1997
NYC July 13 98 1990
Poughkeepsie June 10 92 2005
Syracuse July 4 97 2003
Note: For peak demand simulations, the calendar year is defined so that the days above fall on a
non-holiday Friday. For Syracuse, this requires redefining the July 4th holiday.
Building energy simulation programs or other calculation techniques using different weather data
sets shall choose a coincident peak demand hour consistent with the NY ISO definition above.
Electricity – Winter Peak

At this time, the TRM does not prescribe definitions of winter peak nor does it include provisions
for estimating winter system peak savings. This content will be developed by the TRM
Management Committee based on ongoing evaluation work and added in a future revision.
Natural Gas
The peak gas definition is based on the program-induced change in the average daily gas flow in
which the distribution system, on average, reaches its pumping/consumption capacity such that as
the temperature falls lower (or the heating degree days go higher) gas consumption does not
5
Glossary of Terms, Version 2.1, Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships, A project of the Regional Evaluation,
Measurement and Verification Forum, Prepared by Paul Horowitz PAH Associates, pg. 25.

Introduction
increase. Setting the peak gas definition for this condition means that the gas peak is calculated to
reflect the decreased cubic feet of natural gas expected to not flow through the distribution system
during the 24-hour period as a result of the impacts of the gas energy efficiency program.
NATURAL GAS PEAK S AVINGS DEFINITION

Up State: The number of therms saved during a day, a 24 hour period starting at 10:00AM, in
which the average temperature is minus nine -9oF (-22.8 oC).
Down State: The number of therms saved during a day, a 24 hour period starting at 10:00AM, in
which the average temperature is zerooF (-17.8oC).
COINCIDENCE FACTOR
For purposes used in this manual, the Coincidence Factor (CF) is expressed as a ratio with the
numerator being the simultaneous demand of a similar group of electrical appliances (measures)
within a specified period, to the sum of their individual maximum demands within the same period.
ANCILLARY NON-GAS FOSSIL FUEL IMPACTS

The measures in this Manual that provide non-gas fuel interactions shall use the therm impact
equations, with the following conversion factors:
Fuel Heating Value Conversion Factor

Propane 71,000 BTU/gal 1.41 gal per therm
#2 Fuel Oil 115,000 BTU/gal 0.87 gal per therm
#6 Fuel Oil 124,000 BTU/gal 0.81 gal per therm
ANNUAL/LIFE -CYCLE S AVINGS

The energy savings estimation methodologies presented in this Manual are designed to provide
first year annual gross energy savings. Life cycle energy savings are calculated by multiplying first
year gross energy savings by the EUL.
EQUIVALENT FULL LOAD HOURS (EFLH), FOR HEATING OR COOLING

The equivalent hours that a measure would need to operate at its peak capacity in order to consume
its estimated annual kWh consumption (annual kWh/connected kW). 6 The ratio of the annual
building energy (cooling or heating) consumed to the peak energy required is used to calculate
EFLH. The listing of heating and cooling Equivalent Full Load Hours for seven cities in New York
State can be found in Appendix G. Accordingly, the ratio for EFLH cooling is shown below:
𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 =
𝑘𝑊𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
6
Massachusetts Technical Reference Manual for Estimating Savings from Energy Efficiency Measures, 2013-2015
Program Years – Plan Version, October 2012.

Introduction
APPLICATION OF METHODS FOR L OW- AND MODERATE-INCOME (LMI) RESIDENTIAL

The energy savings estimation methodologies presented in this Manual are applicable to LMI-
eligible customers. Unless otherwise specified, measure methods shall be applied unaltered for
LMI customers; however, where available, details of existing conditions may be substituted for
prescribed and/or assumed baseline parameters utilized in estimation of energy savings.
NEW CONSTRUCTION B ASELINES – NYC LOCAL LAW 154 OF 2021 7

Beginning January 1, 2024, phased rollout of NYC Local Law 154 of 2021 (LL154) shall
commence, prohibiting the onsite combustion of fuels that emit more than 25kg CO2/MMBtu in
New Buildings and Alt-CO Buildings that must be filed as New Buildings. This legislation
prohibits the use of fossil fuel equipment in new buildings where the application for construction
approval documents is submitted on or after the Effective Date for each phased provision per the
effectuation schedule detailed below. Note that each phase, represented by the Applicable Building
Types column, is exclusive of those below it in this table (e.g., All Occupancies < 7 Stories
excludes NYC School Construction Authority Projects and Affordable Housing < 7 Stories;
Service Hot Water is excluded from this legislation for all buildings except Group R-3 until
7/2/2027).
LL154 Effectuation Schedule

Includes Service Effective
Applicable Building Types
Hot Water Date
Group R-3: 1 & 2 Family Homes Yes 1/1/2024
All Occupancies < 7 Stories No 1/1/2024
NYC School Construction Authority Projects No 12/31/2024
Affordable Housing < 7 Stories No 12/31/2025
All Occupancies Yes 7/2/2027
Affordable Housing ≥ 7 Stories Yes 12/31/2027
The following cases are excepted for within LL154:

1. A building that will be primarily used by a utility regulated by the public service
commission for the generation of electric power or steam.
2. A building within a facility operated by the department of environmental protection that
treats sewage or food waste.
3. A building where it would not be required to comply with section 24-177.1 because the
combustion of a substance that emits 25 kg or more of carbon dioxide per million British
thermal units of energy is necessary for a manufacturing use or purpose, or for the operation
of a laboratory, laundromat, hospital, crematorium, commercial kitchen as defined in
section 602 of the New York city fire code, or where used for emergency or standby power,
or other use allowed by rule of the department, to the extent necessary for, and in the space
occupied by such use or purpose.
This law impacts the eligibility of and applicable baselines for several measures detailed in this
TRM. For new buildings in NYC where the application for construction approval documents is
7
https://www.nyc.gov/assets/buildings/local_laws/ll154of2021.pdf

Introduction
submitted on or after the relevant Effective Date in the table above, measures in this TRM are
impacted as follows:
Sector Measure Name Impact

RES Clothes Dryer Gas equipment not applicable
Must assume electric water heating and electric
RES Clothes Washer
dryer
RES Dishwasher Must assume electric water heating
RES Fireplace Not applicable
RES Heat Pump Clothes Dryer Must assume electric equipment baseline
RES Induction Cooktop Must assume electric equipment baseline
RES Refrigerator and Freezer Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
Air Conditioner – Room (RAC) Cover and Gap
RES Must assume electric heating equipment
Sealer
Must assume heat pump system for heating
RES Window
impacts
Must assume electric water heating baseline and
RES Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) – Air Source
heat pump system for heating impacts
RES Indirect Water Heater Not applicable
Storage Tank and Instantaneous Domestic Water
RES Gas equipment not applicable
Heater
RES Low-Flow - Faucet Aerator Must assume electric water heating
RES Low-Flow - Showerhead Must assume electric water heating
Air Conditioner and Heat Pump – Packaged
RES Must assume electric heating equipment baseline
Terminal
RES Boiler, Furnace and Unit Heater Not applicable
Boiler and Furnace - Combination (“Combi”)
RES Not applicable
Boiler and Furnace
RES Energy and Heat Recovery Ventilator
impacts
RES Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP) Must assume heat pump baseline
RES Heat Pump – Air-to-Water Must assume heat pump baseline
Heat Pump – Water-to-Air Ground Source Must assume heat pump baseline and electric
RES
(GSHP) water heating for desuperheater/WWHP
Adaptive Photonic Control for HVAC Fan
RES Must assume electric heating equipment
Motors
RES Thermostat - Learning
impacts
RES Thermostat - Programmable Setback
impacts
RES Thermostat - Wi-Fi (Communicating)
impacts
Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) – One Pipe
RES Not applicable
Steam Radiator
RES Smart Thermostatic Radiator Enclosure (TRE) Not applicable
RES Connected Lighting Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
RES Interior and Exterior Lighting Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
RES Heat Pump Pool Heater Must assume an electric pool heater baseline
RES Pool Heater Not applicable
RES Solar Pool Heater Must assume an electric pool heater baseline
C&I Refrigeration Heat Recovery – Dairy Farms Must assume electric water heating
C&I Clothes Dryer Gas equipment not applicable
Must assume electric water heating and electric
C&I Clothes Washer
dryer

Introduction

C&I Combination Oven Gas equipment not applicable
C&I Conveyor Broiler Not applicable
C&I Dishwasher Must assume electric water heating
C&I Fireplace Not applicable
C&I Induction Cooktop Must assume electric equipment baseline
C&I Infrared Charbroiler Not applicable
C&I Infrared Salamander Broiler Not applicable
C&I Oven, Steamer, Fryer and Griddle Gas equipment not applicable
C&I Refrigerator and Freezer Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
C&I Air Curtain
impacts
C&I Window - Glazing
impacts
C&I Compressed Air Heat Recovery Must assume electric heating equipment
C&I Indirect Water Heater Not applicable
C&I Instantaneous Water Heater Gas equipment not applicable
C&I Storage Tank Water Heater Gas equipment not applicable
C&I Drain Water Heat Recovery (DWHR) Must assume electric water heating
C&I Low-Flow - Faucet Aerator Must assume electric water heating
C&I Low-Flow - Pre-Rinse Spray Valve (PRSV) Must assume electric water heating
C&I Low-Flow - Salon Valve Must assume electric water heating
C&I Low-Flow - Showerhead Must assume electric water heating
Air Conditioner and Heat Pump – Packaged
C&I Must assume electric heating equipment baseline
Terminal
C&I Boiler, Furnace and Unit Heater Not applicable
Boiler and Furnace - Combination (“Combi”)
C&I Not applicable
Boiler and Furnace
C&I Boiler Economizer Not applicable
C&I Energy and Heat Recovery Ventilator
impacts
C&I Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP) Must assume heat pump baseline
Heat Pump – Water-to-Air Ground Source
C&I Must assume heat pump baseline
(GSHP)
Heat Pump – Water-to-Air Ground Source Must assume heat pump baseline and electric
C&I
(GSHPs) in Systems with Central Pumping water heating for WWHP
C&I Infrared Heater Not applicable
Adaptive Photonic Control for HVAC Fan
C&I Must assume electric heating equipment
Motors
C&I Advanced RTU Control
impacts
Energy Management System (EMS) - Guest Must assume heat pump system for heating
C&I
Room impacts
Steam Trap Monitoring System – Low Pressure
C&I Not applicable
Space Heating
C&I Thermostat - Wi-Fi (Communicating)
impacts
C&I Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) Not applicable
C&I Interior and Exterior Lighting Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
C&I LED Open Sign Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
C&I Interior Lighting Control Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
C&I Notched and Synchronous Belt Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
C&I Pool Heater Not applicable
C&I Heat Pump Pool Heater Must assume an electric pool heater baseline

Introduction

C&I High Frequency Battery Charger Must assume heat pump system for interactivity
C&I Solar Pool Heater Must assume an electric pool heater baseline
C&I Ozone Generator for On-Premises Laundry Not applicable
C&I Process Exhaust Filtration and Recirculation No claimable gas savings
Steam Trap Monitoring System – Other
C&I Not applicable
Applications
C&I Refrigerated Case Door No claimable gas savings
Return to Table of Contents

Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures
SINGLE AND MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL MEASURES
APPLIANCE
AIR PURIFIER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency room air purifiers. Room air purifiers -
sometimes referred to as "room air cleaners" - are portable, electric appliances that remove fine
particles, such as dust and pollen, from indoor air.8 This measure applies to residential air purifiers
(cleaners) meeting the minimum qualifying efficiency standards established under the ENERGY
STAR® Program, Version 2.0, effective October 17, 2020.9
Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
Annual Electric Energy Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 )
𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑏𝑦𝑒𝑒 𝐶𝐴𝐷𝑅
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 × 1,000
𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑏𝑦𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐴𝐷𝑅
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 1,000
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑁/𝐴
where:
ΔkWh = Annual electric energy savings
ΔkW = Peak coincident demand electric savings
ΔMMBtu = Annual fossil fuel energy savings
units = Number of measures installed
baseline = Characteristic of baseline condition
ee = Characteristic of energy efficient condition, per ENERGY STAR® eligibility
criteria
hrs = Operating hours per year
8
ENERGY STAR® Air Purifiers (Cleaners): https://www.energystar.gov/products/air_cleaners
9
ENERGY STAR® Product Specification for Room Air Cleaners, Eligibility Criteria, V2.0, October 2020.
October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities 10

standby = Standby Power (Watts)

CADR = Clean Air Delivery Rate (Smoke CADR), a measure of the amount of
contaminant-free air delivered by the qualified air purifier (cubic feet per
minute)2
Eff = Efficiency (Smoke CADR/Watt); the ENERGY STAR® specification for room
air purifiers measures energy efficiency by using a Clean Air Delivery Rate-to-
Watt ratio.10
CF = Coincidence factor
8,760 = Hours per year
1,000 = Conversion factor, one kW equals 1,000 Watts
Summary of Variables & Data Sources

Variable Value Notes
hrs 5,840
Based on ENERGY Calculator default assumptions11
STAR®
standbyee Based on ENERGY STAR® manufacture rating (Watts)
standbybaseline 1.0 Watts
CADR Based on ENERGY STAR® manufacture rating
Based on ENERGY STAR® manufacture rating (Smoke
Effee
CADR/Watt)
CADR/Watt based on CADR range. See Baseline Efficiencies
Effbaseline
section below
Assumes equal likelihood of usage at any time of day (16/24
CF 0.67
hours)
Ratings are based on ENERGY STAR® Eligibility Criteria and the Savings Calculator for
ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances.4
Coincidence Factor (CF)

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is 0.67.
Baseline Efficiencies from which Energy Savings are Calculated

The baseline condition is defined by the 2021 Appliance Standards Awareness Project (ASAP)
Model Bill, per NYSERDA standards.12,13
The baseline condition air purifier must have a smoke CADR of at least 30 and meet the smoke
CADR/W requirements in the table below. For ozone-emitting models, measured ozone shall be
less than or equal to 50 parts per billion (ppb).
10
ENERGY STAR® Product Specification for Room Air Cleaners, Eligibility Criteria, V2.0, October 2020.
11
ENERGY STAR® Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances (last updated October 1, 2016).
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/appliance_calculator.xlsx
12
NY State Appliance and Equipment Current Standards
13
2021 ASAP Model Bill

Minimum Smoke CADR/W Requirement

CADR Range CADR/W
30 ≤ CADR < 100 1.7
100 ≤ CADR < 150 1.9
CADR ≥ 150 2.0
Compliance Efficiency from which Incentives are Calculated

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified room air purifier with minimum
efficiency established per the table below. The air purifier must produce a minimum of 30 (Clean
Air Delivery Rate) CADR. The Rated Smoke CADR divided by the operating power consumption
measured during the smoke particle removal test (equal to Smoke ENERGY STAR Program
Requirements for Room Air Cleaners – Eligibility Criteria (Rev. May 2022) 3 CADR / Watt) shall
be greater than or equal to the Minimum Smoke CADR/Watt Requirement shown in table below.14

Smoke CADR Rating Minimum Smoke CADR/W
30 ≤ CADR < 100 1.9
100 ≤ CADR < 150 2.4
CADR ≥ 150 2.9
UL safety requirements: To certify for ENERGY STAR, measured ozone emitted as a byproduct
shall not exceed 50 parts per billion (ppb), per UL 867 Ed. 5.0.15
Partial On Mode Power requirements: The Measured Partial on Mode Power shall be less than or
equal to the Maximum Partial on Mode Requirement (standbyee) as shown in the table below.
Partial On Mode Power Allowances

Models without Wi-Fi capability Models with Wi-Fi capability
standbyee 1.00 2.00
Operating Hours
The energy savings calculations use 16 hours of operation per day, 365 days a year, totaling 5,840
hours/year, per the Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances.
Example Calculation (Not to be used as default)

An existing residential customer installs a 45 CADR air purifier that meets the minimum
qualifying standards established by ENERGY STAR®. The efficient air purifier has a rated
efficiency of 2.2 CADR/Watt and standby power of 0.9W. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand
14
Section 3, ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Air Cleaners, Eligibility Criteria
Version 2.0, October 2020.
15
Ibid.

Savings are calculated as below.
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 × 1,000
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠
units =1, from application

standbyee = 0.9 watt, from application
Effee = 2.2 CADR/Watt, from application
CADR = 45, from application
standbybaseline = 1.7 watt, from Baseline Efficiencies section
Effbaseline = 1.0 CADR/Watt, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
hrs = 5,840, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
CF = 0.67, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
0.9 45
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = (8,760 − 5,840) × + 5,840 × = 122.08 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 2.2 × 1,000
1.0 45
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = (8,760 − 5,840) × + 5,840 × = 154.59 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 1.7 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (154.59 − 122.08) = 32.51 𝑘𝑊ℎ
32.51
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × ( ) × 0.67 = 0.0037 𝑘𝑊
5,840
Effective Useful Life (EUL)

See Appendix P.
Ancillary Fossil Fuel Savings Impacts

Ancillary fossil fuel savings impacts, if appropriate, will be researched and incorporated into this
measure algorithm in future revisions to the TRM.
Ancillary Electric Savings Impacts

Ancillary electric savings impacts, if appropriate, will be researched and incorporated into this

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Air Purifiers (Cleaners).
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/air_purifiers_cleaners/key_product_crite
ria
2. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Air Cleaners,
Eligibility Criteria Version 2.0, October 2020.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20V
ersion%202.0%20Room%20Air%20Cleaners%20Specification%20%28Rev.%20May%2
02022%29.pdf
3. Purchase energy-saving products, Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified
Appliances (last updated October 2016).
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and-
managers/existing-buildings/save-energy/purchase-energy-saving-products
4. NYSERDA NY State Appliance and Equipment Current Standards.
Available from: https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/New-York-State-Appliance-
and-Equipment-Efficiency-Standards/Current-Standards
5. Appliance Standards Awareness Project (ASAP) Model Bill.
Available from: https://appliance-standards.org/document/2021-asap-model-bill
Record of Revision
Record of Revision Number Issue Date
6-17-11 6/30/2017

CLOTHES DRYER
Measure Description
This measure covers residential grade clothes dryers meeting the criteria established under the
ENERGY STAR® Program, Version 1.1, effective May 5, 2017, installed in residential settings.16
ENERGY STAR® clothes dryers have a higher combined energy factor (CEF), and save energy
through a combination of more efficient drying and reduced runtime of the drying cycle. More
efficient drying is achieved through increased insulation, modifying operating conditions,
improving air circulation, and improved efficiency of motors. Reduced dryer runtime is achieved
through automatic termination of the dryer cycles based on temperature and moisture sensors.
Clothes dryers originally qualified for the ENERGY STAR® label in May 2014. Clothes dryers
that have earned this label are approximately 20% more efficient than non-qualified models.17
This measure applies to clothes dryers installed in single - family homes and in-unit multifamily
equipment. 18 For residential grade clothes dryers installed in multifamily common areas, the
Clothes Dryer measure prescribed in the Commercial and Industrial section of this manual should
be used.
𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 × 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 × ( − )
𝐶𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑒𝑒 3,412

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 × 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 × ( − )×
𝐶𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒 1,000,000
16
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Clothes Dryers, Eligibility Criteria Version 1.1,
May 2017.
17
Efficiency of ENERGY STAR® products: https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_dryers
18
The Retail Products Platform (RPP) Evaluation Report, conducted by EMI Consulting d/b/a Con Edison
(approved June 15, 2018), was reviewed for findings relevant to this measure. The findings of this report, which
estimates the short-term energy savings and demand reduction attributable to the program’s activities and assesses
key components of the program’s logic model, do not directly inform the algorithms, key inputs or default values
found in this energy savings estimation methodology. As such, no changes have been applied as a result of this
review.

where:
kWh = Annual electric energy savings
kW = Peak coincident demand electric savings
MMBtu = Annual fossil fuel energy savings
units = Number of measures installed under the program
Cyclesannual = Number of dryer cycles per year
Load = Average total weight (lbs) of clothes per drying cycle
ee = Characteristic of energy efficient condition
Felec = Percentage of energy consumed that is derived from electricity
Ffuel = Percentage of energy consumed that is derived from fossil fuel
CEF = Combined energy factor (lb/kWh)
hrs = Annual run hours of clothes dryer
CF = Coincidence Factor
3,412 = Conversion factor, one kWh equals 3,412 BTU
1,000,000 = Conversion factor, one MMBtu equals 1,000,000 BTU
Summary of Variables and Data Sources

Cyclesannual Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.19
Load Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.20
Felec,baseline Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.21
Felec,ee Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.22
Ffuel,baseline Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.23
Ffuel,ee Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.24
CEFbaseline Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.25
CEFee Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.26
hrs Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.27
CF 0.029
19
Savings calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances (accessed 10/18/2017).
20
Ibid.
21
May 2017.
22
Ibid.
23
Ibid.
24
Ibid.
25
10 CFR 430.32 (h)(3).
26
May 2017.
27

Key Variables Lookup Table

Dryer Type
Ventless or Ventless
Ventless or Vented Electric,
Variable Vented Gas Vented Electric, Electric,
Vented Electric, Compact
Dryer 3 Compact (120V) Compact
Standard ≥ 4.4 ft (240V) < 4.4 ft3
< 4.4 ft3 (240V) < 4.4 ft3
Cyclesannual 283 283 283 283 283
Load 8.45 8.45 3.00 3.00 3.00
Felec,baseline 0.05 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Felec,ee 0.05 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ffuel,baseline 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ffuel,ee 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CEFbaseline 3.30 3.73 3.61 3.27 2.55
CEFee 3.48 3.93 3.80 3.45 2.68
hrs 290 290 290 290 290

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is 0.029.28

The baseline condition is a standard efficiency, residential grade clothes dryer with operating
specifications as defined in the Key Variables Lookup Table above.

The compliance condition is a residential grade clothes dryer appearing on the ENERGY STAR®
qualified products list.
Operating Hours
Operating hours for residential clothes dryers are provided in the Key Variables Lookup Table
above.

An existing residential customer installs a vented gas dryer that meets the criteria established
by ENERGY STAR®. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand
Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
28
Based on metered data from Navigant Consulting, “EmPOWER Maryland Draft Final Evaluation Report
Evaluation Year 4 (6/1/2012 – 5/31/2013) Appliance Rebate Program.” March 2014, pg. 36.

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
units = 1, from application

Cyclesannual = 283, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Load = 8.45, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Felec,baseline = 0.05, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
CEFbaseline = 3.30, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Felec,ee = 0.05, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
CEFee = 3.48, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Ffuel,baseline = 0.95, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Ffuel,ee = 0.95, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
hrs = 290, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
CF = 0.029, from Summary of Data Sources and Variables
0.05 0.05
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 283 × 8.45 × ( − ) = 1.87 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3.30 3.48
0.85
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.029 = 0.000085 𝑘𝑊
290
0.95 0.95 3,412

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 283 × 8.45 × ( − )× = 0.12 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
3.30 3.48 1,000,000

See Appendix P.

A clothes dryer releases heat to the surrounding environment. Conventional vented dryers also
vent air outside the building. The associated HVAC impact of dryers depends upon a number of
variables including climate and placement of a dryer (i.e., in a conditioned or unconditioned space).
It is an area of ongoing research.29 These impacts are excluded from the methodology prescribed
herein until they can be quantified and substantiated through independent research.

See Ancillary Fossil Fuel Savings Impacts section above.
29
ENERGY STAR® Market & Industry Scoping Report: Residential Clothes Dryers, November 2011.

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Clothes Dryers,
Eligibility Criteria Version 1.1, May 2017.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs/D1_V1_Spec.pdf
3. 10 CFR 430.32 Energy and water conservation standards and their compliance dates.
Available from: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
idx?SID=a9921a66f2b4f66a32ec851916b7b9d9&mc=true&node=se10.3.430_132&rgn=
div8
4. Navigant Consulting, EmPOWER Maryland Draft Final Evaluation Report Evaluation
Year 4 (6/1/2012 – 5/31/2013) Appliance Rebate Program, March 2014
Available from: <Link to reference to be added>
Record of Revision
6-16-1 6/30/2016
12-17-1 12/31/2017
12-18-1 12/28/2018

CLOTHES W ASHER
Measure Description
This measure covers residential grade clothes washers meeting the criteria established under the
ENERGY STAR® Program, Version 8.0, effective February 5, 2018, installed in residential
settings.30 ENERGY STAR® clothes washers have a higher Integrated Modified Energy Factor
(IMEF) and a lower Integrated Water Factor (IWF), saving energy and water with greater tub
capacities and sophisticated wash and rinse systems. Rather than filling the tub with water,
efficient wash cycles are achieved by spinning or flipping clothes through a stream of water.
Efficient rinse cycles are achieved through high-pressure spraying instead of soaking clothes.
Reduced dryer load represents additional energy savings associated with the thorough removal of
water from the clothes in the washer. Clothes washers originally qualified for the ENERGY
STAR® label in 1997. Clothes washers that have earned this label use approximately 25% less
energy and 45% less water than comparable non-qualified models.31
This measure addresses installation of top and front-loading residential clothes washers with
capacities greater than 1.6 ft3 and less than 8.0 ft3. This measure applies to residential equipment
installed in single-family homes or in multifamily buildings within the residential unit; it is not
intended for use with washers in multifamily common areas.
The algorithms, inputs, and savings presented below assume a normal replacement scenario.
Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings32
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑟 + (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ 𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 )]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [(∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 𝑤ℎ × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 )]
where:
30
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Clothes Washers, Eligibility Criteria Version
8.0, February 2018.
31
Efficiency of ENERGY STAR® products: https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_washers
32

ΔkWhwasher = Annual clothes washer electric energy savings

ΔkWhwh = Annual electric water heating energy savings
ΔkWhdryer = Annual electric dryer energy savings
ElecSFwh = Electric Savings Factor for water heaters
ElecSFdryer = Electric Savings Factor for dryers
ΔMMBtuwh = Annual fossil fuel water heating energy savings
ΔMMBtudryer = Annual fossil fuel dryer energy savings
FuelSFwh = Fossil fuel Savings Factor for water heaters
FuelSFdryer = Fossil fuel Savings Factor for dryers
hrs = Annual run hours of clothes washer

Lookup from Per Unit Savings table below, based on
ΔkWhwasher
product class.
ΔkWhwh
product class.
ΔkWhdryer
product class.
Electric WH: 1.0
Based on EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey
ElecSFwh Fossil Fuel WH: 0
(RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States.33
Unknown: 0.37
Electric Dryer: 1.0
ElecSFdryer Gas Dryer: 0
Unknown: 0.68
ΔMMBtuwh
product class.
ΔMMBtudryer
product class.
Electric WH: 0
Fossil Fuel WH: Based on EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey
FuelSFwh
1.0 (RECS) 2015 for Middle Atlantic States.35
Unknown: 0.63
33
EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States, Table HC1.7 (“Unknown”
calculated as the number of homes with electric water heating divided by the total number of homes with electric or
gas water heating).
34
calculated as the number of homes with electric dryers divided by the total number of homes with electric or gas
dryers).
35
calculated as the number of homes with gas water heating divided by the total number of homes with electric or gas
water heating).


Electric Dryer: 0
FuelSFdryer Gas Dryer: 1.0
Unknown: 0.32
hrs 295
CF 0.029
Integrated Modified Energy Factor, IMEF37 (ft3/kWh/cycle), is the energy performance metric
for ENERGY STAR® certified residential clothes washers as of March 7, 2015.
IMEF is a measure of energy efficiency that considers the energy used by the washer during the
cycle and while on standby, the energy used to heat the water, and the energy used to run the dryer.
IMEF is the quotient of the cubic foot (or liter) capacity of the clothes container divided by the
sum of the machine electrical energy consumption, the hot water energy consumption, the energy
required for removal of the remaining moisture in the wash load, and the combined low-power
mode energy consumption. A higher IMEF value reflects a more efficient clothes washer.38
Integrated Water Factor, IWF39 is the water performance metric for residential clothes washers
that allows the comparison of clothes washer water consumption independent of clothes washer
capacity. Manufacturers must submit their water consumption factors with their ENERGY STAR®
certified residential clothes washers. IWF is the quotient of the total weighted per-cycle water
consumption for all wash cycles in gallons divided by the cubic foot (or liter) capacity of the
clothes washer. A lower value reflects a more efficient clothes washer40.
Per Unit Savings41,42,43,44

Clothes Elec. Fossil Fuel
Elec. Dryer Gas Dryer
Product Class Washer DHW DHW
(∆kWhdryer) (∆MMBtudryer)
(∆kWhwasher) (∆kWhwh) (∆MMBtuwh)
ENERGY STAR® Front Load Washer ≤ 2.5
4 15 0.07 19 0.07
ft3
ENERGY STAR® Front Load Washer > 2.5
6 35 0.16 169 0.65
ft3
ENERGY STAR® Top Load Washer ≤ 2.5
4 17 0.08 75 0.29
ft3
ENERGY STAR® Top Load Washer > 2.5
12 46 0.21 144 0.55
ft3
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient Front
6 22 0.10 28 0.11
Load Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3
36
calculated as the number of homes with gas dryers divided by the total number of homes with electric or gas dryers).
37
10 CFR 430 Subpart B, Appendix J2.
38
8.0 February 2018.
39
40
8.0, February 2018.
41
Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances (accessed 2/8/2017).
42
ENERGY STAR® Clothes Washers Key Product Criteria.
43
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient 2018, Recognition Criteria Clothes Washers.
44
CEE Super Efficient Home Appliances Initiative, Residential Clothes Washer Specifications.

Clothes Elec. Fossil Fuel

Elec. Dryer Gas Dryer
Product Class Washer DHW DHW
(∆kWhdryer) (∆MMBtudryer)
(∆kWhwasher) (∆kWhwh) (∆MMBtuwh)
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient Front
10 39 0.18 188 0.72
Load Washer > 2.5 ft3
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient Top Load
5 20 0.09 88 0.34
Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient Top Load
22 90 0.41 279 1.07
Washer > 2.5 ft3
CEE Tier 1 Front Load Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3 4 15 0.07 19 0.07
CEE Tier 1 Front Load Washer > 2.5 ft3 9 35 0.16 169 0.65
CEE Tier 1 Top Load Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3 4 17 0.08 75 0.29
CEE Tier 1 Top Load Washer > 2.5 ft3 21 84 0.38 260 0.99
CEE Tier 2 Front Load Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3 6 22 0.10 28 0.11
CEE Tier 2 Front Load Washer > 2.5 ft3 10 39 0.18 188 0.72
CEE Tier 2 Top Load Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3 5 20 0.09 88 0.34
CEE Tier 2 Top Load Washer > 2.5 ft3 20 80 0.36 248 0.95
CEE Advanced Tier Front Load Washer >
11 43 0.20 206 0.79
2.5 ft3
CEE Advanced Tier Top Load Washer >
21 85 0.39 264 1.01
2.5 ft3


Clothes washers manufactured and distributed in commerce, as defined by 42 U.S.C. 6291(16),
after January 1, 2018, must meet the energy conservation standards shown in the table below, as
specified in the Code of Federal Regulations.46
Product Class IMEF IWF

Top-loading, Compact (< 1.6 ft3) ≥ 1.15 ≤ 12.0
Top-loading, Standard (≥ 1.6 ft3) ≥ 1.57 ≤ 6.5
Front-loading, Compact (< 1.6 ft3) ≥ 1.13 ≤ 8.3
Front-loading, Standard (≥ 1.6 ft3) ≥ 1.84 ≤ 4.7

For ENERGY STAR® qualified eligibility, clothes washers must be front or top-loading with
capacities greater than 1.6 ft3 and less than 8.0 ft3 and not designated as Combination All-In One
Washer-Dryers or Residential Clothes Washers with Heating Drying Functionality.47 Additional
qualifying product criteria are provided in the table below in order to capture anticipated savings
associated with higher efficiency models. The highest efficiency “Product Class” that the
45
Evaluation Year 4 (6/1/2012 – 5/31/2013) Appliance Rebate Program.” March 2014, page 36.
46
10 CFR 430.32(g)(4).
47
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Clothes Washers.

qualifying unit is eligible for should be used to establish savings from the Per Unit Savings table
above.
ENERGY STAR® 48 and Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE)49 Product Criteria Levels are
shown in the table below:
Product Class IMEF IWF

ENERGY STAR Clothes Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3
®
≥ 2.07 ≤ 4.2
ENERGY STAR® Front Load Washer > 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.76 ≤ 3.2
ENERGY STAR® Top Load Washer > 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.06 ≤ 4.3
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.20 ≤ 3.7
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient Washer > 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.92 ≤ 3.2
CEE Tier 1 Clothes Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.07 ≤ 4.2
CEE Tier 1 Clothes Washer > 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.76 ≤ 3.2
CEE Tier 2 Clothes Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.20 ≤ 3.7
CEE Tier 2 Clothes Washer > 2.5 ft3 ≥ 2.92 ≤ 3.2
CEE Advanced Tier Clothes Washer > 2.5 ft3 ≥ 3.10 ≤ 3.0
Operating Hours
An average of 295 annual one-hour active wash cycles is assumed in order to estimate conventional
and qualifying unit consumption and demand savings.50

An existing residential customer installs an ENERGY STAR® Top Load Washer ≤ 2.5 ft3
where the water heating fuel type is gas and the home’s dryer is electric. Annual Electric
Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
× [∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑟 + (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ 𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ )
+ (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 )]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [(∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 𝑤ℎ × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 )]

∆kWhwasher = 4, from Per Unit Savings Table
∆kWhwh = 17, from Per Unit Savings Table
48
ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient 2018, Recognition Criteria Clothes Washers.
49
CEE Super Efficient Home Appliances Initiative, Residential Clothes Washer Specifications.
50

ElecSFwh = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
∆kWhdryer = 75, from Per Unit Savings Table
ElecSFdryer = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
hrs = 295, from Summary of Data Sources and Variables table
CF = 0.029, from Summary of Data Sources and Variables table
∆MMBtuwh = 0.08, from Per Unit Savings Table
FuelSFwh = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
∆MMBtudryer = 0.29, from Per Unit Savings Table
FuelSFdryer = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × [4 + (17 × 0) + (75 × 1)] = 79 𝑘𝑊ℎ
79
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.029 = 0.00777 𝑘𝑊
295
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × [(0.08 × 1) + (0.29 × 0)] = 0.08 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

High efficiency clothes washers more effectively remove moisture from clothing during spin
cycles. This reduces the amount of time necessary for drying cycles and leads to energy savings.
Clothes dryer energy savings are considered in overall energy savings calculations above.

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Clothes Washers,
Eligibility Criteria Version 8.0, February 2018.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ENERGY%20STAR%20Final%20Version
%208.0%20Clothes%20Washer%20Partner%20Commitments%20and%20Eligibility%2
0Criteria.pdf
2. ENERGY STAR® Certified Products, Appliances, Clothes Washers.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_washers
Appliances (last updated October 2016). Available from:

https://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and-managers/existing-
buildings/save-energy/purchase-energy-saving-products
4. EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 Survey Data for Middle
Atlantic States.
Available from:
https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2020/index.php?view=characteristics
5. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B, Appendix J2 - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Automatic and Semi-automatic Clothes Washers.
Available from: https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=6dc64a198ad50a16b0ff6af63189872b&mc=true&n=pt10.3
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.j2
6. ENERGY STAR® Clothes Washers Key Product Criteria.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/clothes_washers/key_product_criteria/
7. ENERGY STAR® Most Efficient 2018, Recognition Criteria Clothes Washers.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/downloads/most_efficient/2018/Clothes%20Wash
ers%20ENERGY%20STAR%20Most%20Efficient%202018%20Final%20Criteria.pdf?9
183-14f6
8. CEE Super Efficient Home Appliances Initiative, Residential Clothes Washer
Specifications.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/13445/CEE_ResidentialClothesWasherSpecifi
cation_05Feb2018.pdf
Available from: <Link to reference to be added>10 CFR 430.32 Energy and water
conservation standards and their compliance dates.
div8
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
1-17-1 12/31/2016
3-18-6 3/29/2018

DEHUMIDIFIER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of residential stand-alone or whole-house dehumidifiers
meeting the minimum qualifying efficiency standards established under the ENERGY STAR®
Program, Version 5.0, effective October 31, 2019.51 With a higher Energy Factor than comparable
non-qualified models, ENERGY STAR® dehumidifiers have more efficient refrigeration coils,
compressors, and fans that use less energy to remove moisture in residential buildings.
Dehumidifiers originally qualified for the ENERGY STAR® label in January 2001. Dehumidifiers
that have earned this label are approximately 15% more efficient than non-qualified models. This
measure is restricted to dehumidifiers with a product moisture removal capacity of less than or
equal to 185 pints/day.
𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦 × 0.473 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 1 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
24 𝐼𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐼𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
pints/day = Product capacity to remove moisture (pints/day)
hrs = Annual run hours of dehumidifier
IEF = Integrated Energy Factor
0.473 = Conversion factor (liters/pint)
24 = Hours in one day
51
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Dehumidifiers, Eligibility Criteria Version
5.0, October 2019.


pints/day From application.
Look up based on type and product capacity (pints/day) or case
IEFbaseline
volume from Baseline Efficiencies section below.
From application, or look up based on product capacity
IEFee
(pints/day) in Compliance Efficiency section below.
Hrs 1,632 Assumes 68 days of 24-hour operation.52
CF 0.56


The baseline condition is a stand-alone or whole-house dehumidifier meeting the minimum
effective federal standard for performance.
Dehumidifiers manufactured and distributed in commerce on or after June 13, 2019 must meet the
energy conservation standards shown in the tables below, rated in Integrated Energy Factor as
Stand-Alone Dehumidifiers
Product Capacity Integrated Energy Factor
(pints/day) (liters/kWh)
≤ 25.00 1.30
25.01 to 50.00 1.60
≥50.01 2.80
Whole-House Dehumidifiers
Product Case Volume Integrated Energy Factor
(ft )
3 (liters/kWh)
≤ 8.0 ≥1.77
> 8.0 ≥2.41

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified stand-alone or whole-house
dehumidifier.55
52
53
A. Mendyk & D. Cautley, Dehumidifier Metering Study, Home Energy, January 2011: Summer duty cycle used
as a proxy for CF.
54
10 CFR 430.32(v)(2).
55
5.0, October 2019.

Stand-Alone Dehumidifiers
≤ 25.00 ≥1.57
25.01 to 50.00 ≥1.80
≥50.01 ≥3.30
Whole-House Dehumidifiers
(ft3) (liters/kWh)
≤ 8.0 ≥2.09
> 8.0 ≥3.30
Operating Hours
The dehumidifier is assumed to be operating 1,632 hours per year based on 68 days of 24 hour
operation.56

An existing residential customer replaces their stand-alone dehumidifier with a stand-alone
ENERGY STAR® dehumidifier with 30 pints/day capacity and an IEFee rating of 1.9. Annual
Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer
Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

pints/day = 30, from application
IEFbaseline =1.60, from Baseline Efficiency section stand-alone dehumidifier table based on
product capacity
IEFee = 1.9, from Compliance Efficiency section stand-alone dehumidifier table based on
product capacity
30 × 0.473 × 1,632 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × ×( − ) = 95.2 𝑘𝑊ℎ
24 1.60 1.90
56

95.2
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.56 = 0.0327 𝑘𝑊
1,632

See Appendix P.

Reduction in energy usage will have a negligible impact on space heating. Consideration of these
effects is not included in this methodology.

Reduction in energy usage will have a negligible impact on space heating. Consideration of these
References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Dehumidifiers,
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ENERGY%20STAR%20Dehumidifiers%2
0Version%205.0%20Program%20Requirements_0.pdf
2. A. Mendyk & D. Cautley, Dehumidifier Metering Study, Home Energy, January 5, 2011.
Available from: http://homeenergy.org/public/index.php/show/article/id/777/viewFull/
Available from: https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
idx?SID=39bdf94d4be5c5dac50be36d83225fe4&mc=true&node=pt10.3.430&rgn=div5#
ap10.3.430_127.x1
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
11-13-1 11/26/2013
3-18-12 3/29/2018

DISHWASHER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified residential dishwashers.57 A
dishwasher is a cabinet-like appliance that, with the aid of water and detergent, washes, rinses, and
dries (when a drying process is included) dishware, glassware, eating utensils, and most cooking
utensils by chemical, plumbing and/or electrical means and discharges to the plumbing drainage
system. ENERGY STAR® rated machines run more efficiently while washing dishes through
improved technology such as soil sensors, improved water filtration, more efficient jets, and
innovative dish rack designs. Qualified dishwashers are 12% more efficient than non-certified
models.58
This measure only applies to standard and compact residential grade equipment, as defined below.
Standard Dishwasher – A dishwasher that has a capacity equal to or greater than eight place
settings plus six serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by
reference; see §430.3), using the test load specified in section 2.7 of 10 CFR 430, Subpart B,
Appendix C1.59
Compact Dishwasher – A dishwasher that has a capacity of less than eight place settings plus six
serving pieces as specified in ANSI/AHAM DW-1-2010 (incorporated by reference; see §430.3),
using the test load specified in section 2.7 of 10 CFR 430, Subpart B, Appendix C1.60
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [(𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝐹𝑚𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑒 + 𝐹𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ )]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝑅𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 3,412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐹𝑤ℎ × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ × ×
𝑅𝐸𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 1,000,000
where:
57
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Residential Dishwashers Eligibility Criteria
Version 6.0, January 2016.
58
Efficiency of ENERGY STAR® Dishwashers (accessed 4/4/2018).
https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-dishwashers/results
59
10 CFR 430, Subpart B, Appendix C1.
60
Ibid.


kWh = Annual rated electric energy use
Fmachine = Fraction of energy used for the dishwasher machine
Fwh = Fraction of energy used for the water heater
FuelSFwh = Fossil Fuel Savings Factor for water heaters
REelec = Recovery efficiency of electric water heater
REfuel = Recovery efficiency of fossil fuel water heater

Look up based on Dishwasher Type in
kWhbaseline
Baseline Efficiencies section below.
kWhee From application.
Fwh 0.56 Based on ENERGY STAR®.61
Fmachine 0.44 Based on ENERGY STAR®.62
Based on NYSERDA Residential Statewide
Electric WH: 1.00 Baseline Study of New York State – July
Fossil Fuel WH: 0 2015.63 “Unknown” shall only be applied
ElecSFwh
Other: 0 when the collection of information on water
Unknown: 0.20 heating fuel is not feasible due to program
configuration of delivery mechanism.
Based on NYSERDA Residential Statewide
Electric WH: 0 Baseline Study of New York State – July
Fossil Fuel WH: 1.00 2015.64 “Unknown” shall only be applied
FuelSFwh
Other: 0 when the collection of information on water
Unknown: 0.54 heating fuel is not feasible due to program
configuration of delivery mechanism.
Recovery efficiency of typical electric storage
REelec 0.98
type water heater.65
61
ENERGY STAR® Appliance Calculator.
62
Ibid.
63
NYSERDA Residential statewide Baseline Study. Volume 1: Single Family Report, Table 38: Water Heating Fuel
Type by Climate Zone. Overall statewide averages applied. ElecSF and FuelSF “unknown” factors may not sum to
100% due to the presence of other water heating fuels. In the condition of other water heating fuels in home, the
designation “Other” shall be applied.
64
Ibid.
65
Per 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E – Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Water
Heaters: 6.3.2 Recovery Efficiency.


Recovery efficiency of typical fossil fuel
REfuel 0.75
storage type water heater.66
hrs 301 Code of Federal Regulations.67
CF 0.029


The baseline condition is a residential dishwasher as defined in the Measure Description section
above with type equivalent to the efficient case meeting the minimum effective federal
performance standards. The baseline water heating system is a standard efficiency storage type
electric or fossil fuel system (fuel type equivalent to the actual existing condition). Current federal
annual energy consumption performance standards for dishwashers are provided in the table
below.69
Dishwasher Type kWhbaseline

Compact 222
Standard 307

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified residential dishwasher as defined in
the Measure Description section above. Qualifying equipment must have rated annual energy
consumption at or below the ENERGY STAR® qualified specifications as indicated the table
below, based on dishwasher type.70 Energy rating is to be taken from application.
Dishwasher Type kWhee

Compact 203
Standard 270
66
Per 10 CFR 430, typical recovery efficiency of a gas water heater is 0.75. See for example, 10 CFR 430 Subpart B
Appendix C1, 5.6.1.1.
67
10 CFR 430 Appendix C1 (5) Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Dishwashers.
68
Based on 8,760 end use data for Missouri, provided to VEIC by Ameren for use in the Illinois TRM. The average
dishwasher load during peak hours is divided by the peak load. In the absence of a New York specific load shape,
this is deemed a reasonable proxy because load shapes are not expected to vary significantly by region. Data from
Ameren was adjusted to account for the difference in assumed annual operating hours (252 hours were used in the
referenced study whereas 301 hours are cited in this document) and peak range was adjusted to reflect New York
peak time (the hour ending in 5PM) from Illinois peak time (1PM to the hour ending 5PM).
69
10 CFR 430.32 (f)(1).
70
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Residential Dishwashers Eligibility Criteria
Version 6.0, January 2016, Table 1: Annual Energy Consumption Base Allowances.

Operating Hours
An average of 215 annual 1.4-hour dishwasher cycles is assumed in order to estimate conventional
and qualifying energy ratings, for a total of 301 hours of active use per year.71

An existing residential customer installs an ENERGY STAR® rated compact dishwasher, with
an annual consumption of 200 kWh. The home has a gas water heater. Annual Electric Energy
Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [(𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝐹𝑚𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑒 + 𝐹𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ )]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝑅𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 3,412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐹𝑤ℎ × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ × ×
𝑅𝐸𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 1,000,000

kWhbaseline = 222, from Dishwasher Type table from baseline efficiency section based on
application
kWhee = 200, from application
Fmachine = 0.44, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fwh = 0.56, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ElecSFwh = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
hrs = 301, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FuelSFwh = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
REelec = 0.98, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
REfuel = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × [(222 − 200) × (0.44 + 0.56 × 0)] = 9.68 𝑘𝑊ℎ
9.68
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.029 = 0.000933 𝑘𝑊
301
0.98 3,412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (222 − 200) × 0.56 × 1 × × = 0.0549 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.75 1,000,000

See Appendix P.
71
10 CFR 430 Appendix C1 (5) Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Dishwashers.



References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Residential
Dishwashers, Eligibility Criteria Version 6.0, January 2016.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20R
esidential%20Dishwasher%20Version%206%200%20Final%20Draft%20Specification_
Final.pdf
2. ENERGY STAR® Certified Products, Appliances, Dishwashers.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/dishwashers
3. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix C1 Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Dishwashers.
idx?SID=aae04a703cdc86ce4c2f95a211f420f2&mc=true&node=pt10.3.430&rgn=div5#a
p10.3.430_127.c1
4. Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances (last updated October
2016).
5. NYSERDA Residential Statewide Baseline Study of New York State – July 2015.
Available from: https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Publications/Evaluation-
Reports/Building-Stock-and-Potential-Studies/Residential-Statewide-Baseline-Study-of-
New-York-State
6. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Water Heaters.
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
idx?SID=c46beaae860c6caba80d2be690e27cac&mc=true&node=pt10.3.430&rgn=div5#
se10.3.430_132

Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-18-1 6/26/2018
12-19-1 12/23/2019

FIREPLACE
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of direct-vented, gas fireplaces with fireplace efficiency
(FE) greater than or equal to 70% tested in accordance with the Canadian Standards Association
(CSA) CSA-P.4.1-15 method and electric, intermittent pilot lights. This measure is only
applicable to the installation of gas fireplaces for use as a supplemental heat source.
This analysis leverages the DOE Technical Support Document (TSD) for baseline fireplaces and
pilot lights and a survey of US utilities for efficient fireplaces.
Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Peak Coincident Demand Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑃𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑡𝐿𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
Peak Coincident Demand Savings
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑁/𝐴
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠 + ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑃𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑡𝐿𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 ]
1,000 𝐹𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐹𝐸𝑒𝑒
where:
∆kWh = Annual electric energy savings
∆kW = Peak coincident demand electric savings
∆MMBtu = Annual fossil fuel energy savings
∆kWhPilotLight = Change in electric consumption of pilot light
kBTUhout = Output capacity of fireplace in kBTU/h
FE = Rated efficiency of fireplace (%)
hrs = Annual operating hours of fireplace
∆MMBtuPilotLight = Change in fossil fuel consumption of pilot light
1,000 = Conversion factor, one MMBtu equals 1,000 kBTU


Baseline direct, vented gas fireplaces with a standing
pilot light consumes no electric energy but consumes gas
∆kWhPilotLight -13.6
energy. Intermittent pilot lights consume electricity but
save gas.72
kBTUhout From application.
FEbaseline 0. 50 Average efficiency of baseline fireplace.73
FEee From application.
hrs 157 Annual hours of use of fireplace.74
Average MMBtu savings from switching from baseline,
∆MMBtuPilotLight 3.49
standing pilot light to intermittent pilot light.75

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is N/A. While there is an electric energy
penalty due to the intermittent pilot light, there are no recommended demand savings due to
fireplaces being operated during the heating season.76
Baseline Efficiencies from which Savings are Calculated

The baseline fireplace, as defined by DOE, is a direct-vented, gas fireplace with an FE of 50%
shall be tested in accordance with CSA P.4.1-15 and a standing pilot light.

The compliance condition is a direct-vented gas fireplace with an FE of 70% or greater tested in
accordance with the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) CSA-P.4 method and an intermittent
pilot light.
Operating Hours
The operating hours are assumed to be 157 hours per year. This assumption is based on the
average of the range of hearth product burner operating hours among sample households.77
72
DOE Technical Savings Document, Table 7.4.1: Average Annual Energy Consumption and Savings for Hearth
Products.
73
2021 ASAP Model Bill via NYS Appliance Standard
74
DOE Technical Savings Document, Table 7.3.5: Range of Burner Operating Hours for Hearth Products.
75
DOE Technical Savings Document, Table 7.4.1: Average Annual Energy Consumption and Savings for Hearth
Products.
76
Technical Support Document: Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products: Energy Conservation
Standards for Hearth Products. Chapters 7 and 8. The most common form of electronic ignition system found in
hearth products is the intermittent pilot ignition. In an intermittent pilot ignition, the pilot light is only lit when there
is a call for heat, and the pilot light is automatically extinguished after the burner is turned off. In order to ignite the
pilot light, these systems require an outside power source, often supplied by either a battery or an electrical
connection.
77
Standards for Hearth Products. Table 7.3.5.


An existing residential customer installs a direct-vented gas fireplace with fireplace efficiency
of 80% and a 70 kBTUh output capacity. The intermittent pilot light in the efficient fireplace
consumes electricity but the fireplace saves gas. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
calculated as below.

∆kWhPilotLight = -13.6, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
∆MMBtuPilotLight = 3.49, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
kBTUhout = 70 kBTU/h, from application
FEbasline = 0.50, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
FEee = 0.80, from application
hrs = 157, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × −13.6 = −13.6 𝑘𝑊ℎ
70 1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × [ ×( − ) × 157 + 3.49] = 11.7 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000 0.50 0.80

See Appendix P.



References
1. Technical Support Document: Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products:
Energy Conservation Standards for Hearth Products. Chapters 7 and 8. Department of
Energy (DOE). January 30, 2015.
Available from: https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2014-BT-STD-0036-
0002.
2. A survey of US utilities offering rebates for high efficiency fireplaces and/or fireplaces
with intermittent pilot lights found the minimum qualifying FE to be 70%. Utilities and
organizations include Energy Trust of Oregon, CenterPoint Energy, Puget Sound Energy,
Minnesota Energy Resources, and Dominion Energy Utah. Retrieved using E-Source.
3. Canadian Standards Association (CSA) CSA-P.4.1-15
Available from: https://www.csagroup.org/store/product/CAN-CSA-P.4.1-15/
Record of Revision
12-19-4 12/23/2019
3-20-15 3/30/2020

HEAT PUMP CLOTHES DRYERS

Measure Description
This measure covers ENERGY STAR® qualified residential clothes dryers utilizing heat pump
technology installed in single - family and in-unit multifamily applications. A heat pump dryer
works as a closed loop system by heating the air using it to remove moisture from the clothes and
then reusing it once the moisture is removed. Rather than releasing warm, humid air through a
dryer vent to the exterior of the home as a conventional dryer does, a heat pump dryer sends it
through an evaporator to remove the moisture without losing too much heat. Making use of a
refrigerant as part of this process means less electricity is used to generate heat.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
Annual Fuel Energy Savings
𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 3,412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 × 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 × ( )×
𝐶𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000,000
where:
ΔkWh = Annual electricity energy savings
ΔMMBtu = Annual fuel energy savings
F = Fuel Factor
elec = Characteristic of electric usage
fuel = Characteristic of fossil fuel usage
CEF = Combined Energy Factor (lb/kWh)


Cyclesannual 283 Based on ENERGY STAR® savings calculator.78
CEFee From Application, using ENERGY STAR® rating.
hrs 290 Based on ENERGY STAR® savings calculator.84
CF 0.029

Baseline Dryer Type
Ventless or Ventless
Ventless or Vented Electric,
Variable Vented Gas Vented Electric, Electric,
Vented Electric, Compact
Dryer Compact (120V) Compact
Standard ≥ 4.4 ft3 (240V) < 4.4 ft3
< 4.4 ft3 (240V) < 4.4 ft3
Load 8.45 8.45 3.00 3.00 3.00
Felec,baseline 0.05 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Felec,ee 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ffuel,baseline 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CEFbaseline 3.30 3.73 3.61 3.27 2.55

The prescribed coincidence factor is 0.029.85

The baseline condition for this measure is a standard efficiency, residential clothes dryer with
operating specifications as defined in the Key Variables Lookup Table above. For replacement
scenarios, the baseline dryer type shall align with the existing product type. For new installations,
the baseline dryer type selected shall align with the type of equipment that would have been
installed without the influence of the program supporting the installation of this measure.
78
79
Ibid.
80
May 2017.
81
Ibid.
82
Ibid.
83
10 CFR 430.32 (h)(3).
84
85
Evaluation Year 4 (6/1/2012 – 5/31/2013) Appliance Rebate Program.” March 2014, page 36.


The compliance condition is a residential heat pump clothes dryer appearing on the ENERGY
STAR® qualified products list.
Operating Hours
The hours of operation are assumed to be 290 hours.86

A customer replaces a vented gas dryer with an ENERGY STAR® rated heat pump clothes
dryer with a Combined Energy Factor (CEF) of 6.37. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer
Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as
below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

Cyclesannual = 283, from Summary of Data Sources and Variables
Load = 8.45, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Felec,baseline = 0.05, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Ffuel,baseline = 0.95, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
Felec,ee = 1.00, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
CEFbaseline = 3.30, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
CEFee = 6.37, from application
hrs = 290, from Key Variables Lookup Table based on dryer type from application
CF = 0.029, from Summary of Data Sources and Variables
0.05 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 283 × 8.45 × ( − ) = −339 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3.30 6.37
−339
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.029 = −0.03 𝑘𝑊
290
0.95 3,412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 283 × 8.45 × ( )× = 2.35 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
3.30 1,000,000
86


See Appendix P.


References
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs/D1_V1_Spec.pdf
Available from:
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
div8
Available from: <Link to reference to be added>
Record of Revision
6-22-1 9/2/2022

INDUCTION COOKTOPS
Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the replacement of electric resistance and fossil fuel cooktops with
electric induction cooktops. Induction cooktops heat food faster, are easier to clean, are less likely
to burn those using them, and have a higher cooking efficiency than electrical resistance stoves.87
Conventional residential cooktops typically employ fossil fuel or resistance heating elements to
transfer energy with efficiencies of approximately 32% and 75-80% respectively. Residential
induction cooking tops instead consist of an electromagnetic coil that creates a magnetic field when
supplied with an electric current. When brought into this field, compatible cookware is warmed
internally, transferring energy with approximately 85% efficiency.88
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 )
(𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 )

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
kWhbaseline = Energy consumption by electric baseline cooktop
FElec,baseline = Electric factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an electric cooktop
in the baseline condition
kWhee = Energy consumption by induction cooktop
hrs = Annual operating hours
MMBtubaseline = Energy consumption by fossil fuel baseline cooktop
FFuel,baseline = Fossil fuel factor; used to account for the presence or absence of a fossil fuel-
fired cooktop in the baseline condition
87
Sweeney, Micah, Jeff Dols, Brian Fortenbery, and Frank Sharp. Induction Cooking Technology Design and
Assessment. 2014. ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings.
88
ENERGY STAR®, Emerging Technology, 2021-2022 Residential Induction Cooking Tops.


From application. If unknown, assume kWhbaseline = 1.135 x
kWhbaseline
kWhee.89
Use a value of 1.0 if the baseline cooktop is electric.
FElec,baseline
Otherwise, use 0.0.
kWhee From application. If unknown, use 125kWh.90
hrs From application. If unknown, use 365.91
From application. If unknown, assume MMBtubaseline = 2.1 x
MMBtubaseline
kWhee x 3,412/1,000,000.92
Use a value of 1.0 is the baseline cooktop is fossil fuel.
FFuel,baseline
Otherwise, use 0.0.
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is a standalone electric resistance or fossil fuel fired cooktop.

The compliance condition is an induction cooktop with compatible cookware.
Operating Hours
Annual operating hours shall come from application. If unknown, use 365 as default.94

An existing residential customer replaces their electric resistance cooktop that consumes 150
kWh with an electric induction cooktop that consumes 120 kWh annually. The cooktop is in use
for approximately 400 hours per year. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 )
89
SWAP015-01, Induction Cooking with or without Electric Range, May 2020, pg. 7; based on relative efficiency
of induction to resistance cooktops,0.84/0.74 = 1.135.
90
ENERGY STAR®, Emerging Technology, 2021-2022 Residential Induction Cooking Tops.
91
Frontier Energy, Residential Cooktop Performance and Energy Comparison Study, Frontier Energy Report #
501318071-R0, July 2019, Table 9.
92
SWAP013-01, Residential Cooking Appliances – Fuel Substitution, May 2020, pg. 10; based on relative
efficiency of induction to gas cooktops,0.84/0.4 = 2.1.
93
No source specified – update pending availability and review of applicable references.
94
Frontier Energy, Residential Cooktop Performance and Energy Comparison Study, Frontier Energy Report #
501318071-R0, July 2019, Table 9.


ℎ𝑟𝑠

kWhbaseline = 150 kWh, from application
kWhee = 120 kWh, from application
FElec,baseline = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (150 × 1.0 − 120) = 30 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(150 × 1.0 − 120)

∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × 0.8 = 0.06 𝑘𝑊
400

See Appendix P.

Induction cooktops expel less heat than standard cooktops. Interactivity with heating/cooling
systems is expected, but there is insufficient information available to inform estimates. Until
additional information is available, these impacts are excluded from the prescribed formulation of
savings.

Induction cooktops expel less heat than standard cooktops. Interactivity with heating/cooling
systems is expected, but there is insufficient information available to inform estimates. Until
savings.
References
1. Sweeney, Micah, Jeff Dols, Brian Fortenbery, and Frank Sharp. Induction Cooking
Technology Design and Assessment. 2014. ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency
in Buildings.
Available from: https://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/2014/data/papers/9-702.pdf
2. ENERGY STAR®, Emerging Technology, 2021-2022 Residential Induction Cooking
Tops.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/about/2021_residential_induction_cooking_tops
3. SWAP013-01 Residential Cooking Appliances – Fuel Substitution, May 2020.
Available from: http://deeresources.net/workpapers

4. SWAP015-01 Induction Cooking with or without Electric Range, May 2020.

5. Frontier Energy, Residential Cooktop Performance and Energy Comparison Study,
Frontier Energy Report # 501318071-R0, July 2019.
Available from: https://cao-94612.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/Induction-Range-Final-
Report-July-2019.pdf
Record of Revision
12-21-1 1/28/2022

REFRIGERATOR AND F REEZER

Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of inefficient residential grade refrigerators and freezers with
ENERGY STAR® compliant equipment. Residential refrigerators and freezers include electric
refrigerators, electric refrigerator-freezers, and freezers, having a source of refrigeration requiring
single phase, alternating current electric energy input only. Known collectively as “refrigeration
products,” these appliances chill and preserve food and beverages, provide ice and chilled water,
and freeze food.95
This measure is restricted to the purchase of new units only and prohibits application of the
prescribed method to products purchased on the secondary market.
This measure does not apply to installation of refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers with a total
refrigerated volume exceeding 39 ft3 or freezers with a total refrigerated volume exceeding 30 ft3.96
LMI baselining provisions included in this measure are restricted to standard size
refrigerators/freezers only.
Savings are calculated between the energy consumption of the baseline unit and that of the more
efficient replacement meeting ENERGY STAR® minimum performance specification of at least
10% lower energy consumption than that mandated by federal standards.97
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 ) × 𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑐
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓 × 𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑐
95
The Retail Products Platform (RPP) Evaluation Report, conducted by EMI Consulting d/b/a Con Edison
(approved June 15, 2018), was reviewed for findings relevant to this measure. The findings of this report, which
estimates the short-term energy savings and demand reduction attributable to the program’s activities and assesses
key components of the program’s logic model, do not directly inform the algorithms, key inputs or default values
found in this energy savings estimation methodology. As such, no changes have been applied as a result of this
review.
96
10 CFR 430.32(a).
97
ENERGY STAR® Refrigerators & Freezers Key Product Criteria.

where:
kWh = Annual electric energy consumption
HVACc = HVAC interaction factor for annual electric energy consumption
HVACd = HVAC interaction factor at utility summer peak hour
HVACff = HVAC interaction factor for annual fossil fuel consumption
Focc = Adjustment factor to account for number of occupants
8,760 = Hours in one year

kWhbaseline See Baseline Efficiencies section below for more information.
Focc See Occupant Adjustment Factor section below.
HVAC interaction factor for annual electric energy
consumption (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC type
HVACc weighted average by city. If unknown, assume Single - Family
Home building type, New vintage, and AC with Fuel heat
HVAC type. See Appendix D.
HVAC interaction factor for peak demand at utility summer
peak hour (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC type weighted
HVACd average by city. If unknown, assume Single - Family Home
building type, New vintage, and AC with Fuel heat HVAC
type. See Appendix D.
HVAC interaction factor for annual fossil fuel energy
consumption (MMBtu/kWh). Vintage and HVAC type
HVACff weighted average by city. If unknown, assume Single - Family
Home building type, New vintage, and AC with Fuel heat
HVAC type. See Appendix D.
CF 1.0
Occupant Adjustment Factor (Focc)

The occupant adjustment factor is used to adjust the energy savings according to the number of
occupants in the residence (if applicable), as shown in the table below. If unknown, apply 0
occupants as a default value.

Number of Occupants Focc98

0 occupants 1.00
1 occupant 1.05
2 occupants 1.10
3 occupants 1.13
4 occupants 1.15
5 or more 1.16


The baseline condition for market rate applications is a minimally federal standard compliant
refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer or freezer as defined in the Measure Description section above.
Baseline annual electric consumption (kWh/yr) shall align with federally mandated maximum
energy use associated with the Product Class and Adjusted Volume (AV in ft3 or av in L) of the
qualifying equipment. Federal standard annual electric consumption data is provided in the
directory of ENERGY STAR® qualified Refrigerators100 and Freezers101 according to the make
and model of the qualifying equipment. The values specified by ENERGY STAR® incorporate
conversion from total capacity to Adjusted Volume as dictated by the Code of Federal
Regulations. 102 For this reason, kWhbaseline must be determined from the ENERGY STAR®
directory; apply the US Federal Standard (kWh/yr) value located on ENERGY STAR® Product
Finder for the applicable equipment.103
The baseline condition for LMI is determined by the existing refrigerator or freezer nameplate
manufacture date and size. The annual baseline consumption shall be derived based on federal
standards governing appliance efficiency in the year in which the product was manufactured per
the table below.104 As above, the baseline annual electric consumption (kWh/yr) shall align with
federally mandated maximum energy use associated with the Product Class and Volume of the
qualifying equipment.
LMI Baseline Annual kWh Use based on Appliance Type and Size
98
The Occupant Adjustment Factor is developed from simulating audits within the ORNL weatherization tool,
National Energy Audit Tool (NEAT), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2012.
99
100
ENERGY STAR® Certified Residential Refrigerators Product Finder.
https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-refrigerators/results
101
ENERGY STAR® Certified Residential Freezers Product Finder.
https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified certified -residential-freezers/results
102
10 CFR 430 Subpart B, Appendices A and B.
103
104
ENERGY STAR® Flip your fridge calculator.
https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/refrigerators/flip-your-fridge

Appliance LMI Appliance Baseline LMI Size LMI Baseline Annual kWh
Type Standard Year Range (ft3) Use
Below 16.5 1,272
16.5-18.9 1,432
Before 1993 19.0-21.4 1,539
21.5-24.40 1,630
24.5 + 1,839
Below 16.5 861
16.5-18.9 962
1993 - 2000 19.0-21.4 1,031
21.5-24.40 1,090
Top Freezer 24.5 + 1,223
Refrigerator Below 16.5 556
16.5-18.9 613
2001 - 2010 19.0-21.4 651
21.5-24.40 683
24.5 + 758
Below 16.5 374
16.5-18.9 412
2011 - Present 19.0-21.4 438
21.5-24.40 459
24.5 + 508
Below 16.5 1,519
16.5-18.9 1,680
Before 1993 19.0-21.4 1,786
21.5-24.40 1,896
24.5 + 2,210
Below 16.5 962
16.5-18.9 1,051
1993 - 2000 19.0-21.4 1,110
21.5-24.40 1,172
Bottom
24.5 + 1,347
Freezer
Below 16.5 724
Refrigerator
16.5-18.9 747
2001 - 2010 19.0-21.4 762
21.5-24.40 777
24.5 + 822
Below 16.5 483
16.5-18.9 517
2011 - Present 19.0-21.4 539
21.5-24.40 562
24.5 + 627
Before 1993 Below 16.5 1,617

16.5-18.9 1,873
19.0-21.4 2,001
21.5-24.40 2,080
24.5 + 2,402
Below 16.5 1,139
16.5-18.9 1,266
1993 - 2000 19.0-21.4 1,329
21.5-24.40 1,368
Side-by-Side 24.5 + 1,528
Freezer Below 16.5 747
Refrigerator 16.5-18.9 818
2001 - 2010 19.0-21.4 854
21.5-24.40 876
24.5 + 966
Below 16.5 314
16.5-18.9 418
2011 - Present 19.0-21.4 479
21.5-24.40 517
24.5 + 677
Below 16.5 1,519
16.5-18.9 1,680
Before 1993 19.0-21.4 1,786
21.5-24.40 1,896
24.5 + 2,210
Below 16.5 962
16.5-18.9 1,051
1993 - 2000 19.0-21.4 1,110
21.5-24.40 1,172
French Door
24.5 + 1,347
Refrigerator
Below 16.5 724
Freezer
16.5-18.9 747
2001 - 2010 19.0-21.4 762
21.5-24.40 777
24.5 + 822
Below 16.5 483
16.5-18.9 517
2011 - Present 19.0-21.4 539
21.5-24.40 562
24.5 + 627

Below 16.5 1,519
16.5-18.9 1,680
Before 1993 19.0-21.4 1,786
21.5-24.40 1,896
24.5 + 2,210
Below 16.5 962
16.5-18.9 1,051
1993 - 2000 19.0-21.4 1,110
21.5-24.40 1,172
4 Drawer
24.5 + 1,347
Refrigerator
Below 16.5 724
Freezer
16.5-18.9 747
2001 - 2010 19.0-21.4 762
21.5-24.40 777
24.5 + 822
Below 16.5 483
16.5-18.9 517
2011 - Present 19.0-21.4 539
21.5-24.40 562
24.5 + 627
Below 16.5 1,343
16.5-18.9 1,481
Before 1993 19.0-21.4 1,573
21.5-24.40 1,637
24.5 + 1,821
Below 16.5 937
16.5-18.9 1,058
1993 - 2000 19.0-21.4 1,138
21.5-24.40 1,194
Upright 24.5 + 1,355
16.5-18.9 805
2001 - 2010 19.0-21.4 866
21.5-24.40 909
24.5 + 1,031
Below 16.5 449
16.5-18.9 507
2011 - Present 19.0-21.4 545
21.5-24.40 572
24.5 + 648

Below 16.5 773
16.5-18.9 900
Before 1993 19.0-21.4 985
21.5-24.40 1,045
24.5 + 1,215
Below 16.5 532
16.5-18.9 621
1993 - 2000 19.0-21.4 680
21.5-24.40 721
Chest 24.5 + 840
16.5-18.9 508
2001 - 2010 19.0-21.4 557
21.5-24.40 591
24.5 + 688
Below 16.5 292
16.5-18.9 341
2011 - Present 19.0-21.4 373
21.5-24.40 396
24.5 + 461

The compliance condition is a new ENERGY STAR® qualified refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer
or freezer as defined in the Measure Description section above. This measure is not applicable to
products purchased on the secondary market/post-retail. Annual energy consumption of the
compliance condition shall be determined from the directory of ENERGY STAR® qualified
Refrigerators105 and Freezers106 according to the make and model of the qualifying equipment. It
is required that the units being replaced are recycled and permanently decommissioned.
Operating Hours
Refrigeration products are assumed to be plugged into an electrical outlet 8,760 hours per year.
Compressor cycling is inherent in the specified annual energy consumption of baseline and
105
ENERGY STAR® Certified Residential Refrigerators Product Finder.
106
ENERGY STAR® Certified Residential Freezers Product Finder.
https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-freezers/results


An existing residential customer living in single-family home with 4 occupants in NYC
equipped with air conditioning and fuel heat installs a 20 ft3 side-by-side ENERGY STAR®
compliant refrigerator which has 560 kWh annual electric energy consumption. Annual
Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel
Energy Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 ) × 𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑐
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓 × 𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑐

kWhbaseline = 610 kWh/yr, per the ENERGY STAR directory
kWhee = 560 kWh/yr, from application
HVACc = 0.077, from Appendix D based on location, HVAC configuration, and facility type
HVACd = 0.085, from Appendix D based on location, HVAC configuration, and facility type
HVACff = -0.002, from Appendix D based on location, HVAC configuration, and facility type
Focc = 1.15, from Occupant Adjustment Factor table based on occupancy from application
CF =1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (610 − 560) × (1 + 0.077) × 1.15 = 61.9 𝑘𝑊ℎ
610 − 560
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × ( ) × (1 + 0.085) × 1 = 0.00619 𝑘𝑊
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (610 − 560) × (−0.002) × 1.15 = −0.115 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

High-efficiency refrigeration products reject less heat into the conditioned space than standard
equipment, increasing space heating requirements while decreasing cooling load. The HVAC
interaction factors calculated from the prototypical building DOE-2 models as a function of the
building and HVAC system type are shown in Appendix D.


References
se10.3.430_132
2. ENERGY STAR® Refrigerators & Freezers Key Product Criteria, Sept 15, 2014.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/refrigerators/key_product_criteria
3. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Energy Audit Tool (NEAT), 2012.
Available from: https://weatherization.ornl.gov/obtain/
4. ENERGY STAR® Certified Residential Refrigerators Product Finder.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-
refrigerators/results
5. ENERGY STAR® Certified Residential Freezers Product Finder.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-residential-
freezers/results
6. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B, Appendix A – Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Refrigerators, Refrigerator-Freezers, and Miscellaneous Refrigeration
Products.
Available from https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
ap10.3.430_127.b
7. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B, Appendix B – Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Freezers.
ap10.3.430_127.b
8. ENERGY STAR®, Flip your fridge calculator.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/refrigerators/flip-your-
fridge
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-3 7/31/2013
7-13-41 7/31/2013
9-13-1 9/27/2013
3-18-7 3/29/2018
6-22-2 9/2/2022

SOUNDBAR
Measure Description
This measure covers soundbars in residential applications meeting the minimum qualifying
efficiency standards established under the ENERGY STAR® program, Program Requirements for
Audio/Video Version 3.0, effective December 2014.107 A soundbar is a mains-connected product
that offers audio amplification housed in a wide horizontal enclosure. ENERGY STAR® rated
soundbars have a lower power draw when in sleep and idle modes and a higher amplifier efficiency
than conventional models. 108 Qualified soundbars use about 70% less energy than unqualified
equipment.109
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
where:
kWh = Annual rated electric energy use
107
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Audio/Video Eligibility Criteria Version 3.0,
Rev. December 2014.
108
Consumer Messaging Guide for ENERGY STAR® Certified Consumer Electronics.
109
ENERGY STAR® Sound Bars (accessed 10/2/2018). https://www.energystar.gov/products/holiday/sound_bars


kWhbaseline 77 Retail Products Platform.110
kWhee 29 Retail Products Platform.111
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is a non-ENERGY STAR® qualified soundbar in a residential application.

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified soundbar in a residential application
with power performance specifications meeting or exceeding the requirements of ENERGY
STAR® Program Requirements for Audio/Video Version 3.0, effective December 2014.113
Operating Hours
Soundbars are assumed to be plugged into an electrical outlet 8,760 hours per year.

An existing residential customer located near NYC replaces their two existing soundbars for
two soundbars that meet or exceed the ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements. Annual
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760

kWhbaseline = 77, from summary of Variables and Data Sources table
kWhee = 29, from summary of Variables and Data Sources table
CF = 0.8, from summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 2 × (77 − 29) = 96 𝑘𝑊ℎ
110
Retail Products Platform: Product Analysis, Last updated May 25, 2016.
111
Retail Products Platform: Product Analysis, Last updated May 25, 2016 – ENERGY STAR® + 15% annual
consumption increased by 15% to reflect minimum compliance with ENERGY STAR ® Specification V3.0
112
113
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Audio/Video Version 3.0, December 2014.

96
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.8 = 0.00877 𝑘𝑊
8,760

See Appendix P.


References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Audio/Video,
Eligibility Criteria Version 3.0, December 2014.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/Final%20Version%203.0%20AV%20Progr
am%20Requirements%20%28Rev%20Dec-2014%29.pdf
2. US EPA Consumer Messaging Guide for ENERGY STAR® Certified Consumer
Electronics.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/downloads/CE_Consumer_Messaging.pdf
3. ENERGY STAR® Sound Bars.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/holiday/sound_bars
4. Retail Products Platform Product Analysis, Last Updated May 25, 2016.
Available from:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9Fd3ckbKJp5OEpWSHg1eksyZ1U/view
Record of Revision
12-18-6 12/28/2018

APPLIANCE – CONTROL
ADVANCED POWER STRIP (APS)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of Tier 1 and Tier 2 advanced power strips (APS) installed in
home entertainment centers (AV Equipment) and home offices (IT Equipment). An APS reduces
energy consumption by shutting off the supply power to electronic devices when they are not in
active use. This measure applies to power strips with 5 outlets or more.
Tier 1 APS, also known as master-controlled APS, are designed to reduce standby energy waste
by monitoring the power state of a master device (typically a TV or desktop computer) using
current-sensing technology and cutting power to controlled (or switched) devices when the master
device is off. This reduces the energy and power consumption of interconnected equipment (i.e.
entertainment centers and home offices) by eliminating standby loads and consumption of devices
left on but not in use. Tier 1 APS applies to both home office and entertainment center equipment.
Tier 2 APS reduce active and standby energy waste by monitoring user engagement and cutting
power to all devices when a set period of inactivity is detected. This is accomplished through the
use of infrared (IR) sensing and motion-sensing technology, in addition to the master/switched
capability of a Tier 1 APS. Active power waste occurs when electronic equipment is on, but the
equipment is not being used. Standby power loss occurs when energy is consumed by equipment
while it is turned off and in idle mode, but is still plugged in. Tier 2 APS realize savings by reducing
both active and standby power loss, which can provide significant energy savings over a Tier 1
Advanced Power Strip. For the purposes of this measure, Tier 2 APS apply to entertainment center
equipment only; there are no incremental savings associated with installation of a Tier 2 APS in a
home office.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓

where:
(ΔkWh/unit) = Annual electric energy savings per unit
hrsoff = Annual hours that the connected system is not in use or is turned off

Lookup based on tier, connected equipment type
(ΔkWh/unit) and existing condition in Annual Electric Energy
Savings per Unit table below.
Tier 1: 7,340
hrsoff See Operating Hours section below
Tier 2: 8,048
CF 0.8
Annual Electric Energy Savings per Unit (ΔkWh/unit)

Annual electric energy savings are shown in the table below, where the baseline condition is
equivalent to the existing case and Connected Equipment is the type of equipment to be controlled
with the installed APS. Unknown designations are provided for use in retailer or online market
place point-of-sale programs, in which the application or existing condition is unknown.
APS Connected
Tier Equipment Baseline ΔkWh/unit
Tier 1 AV Equipment Standard Power Strip 75.1114
Tier 1 IT Equipment Standard Power Strip 31115
Tier 1 Unknown Standard Power Strip 57.5116
Tier 2 AV Equipment Standard Power Strip 234117
Tier 2 AV Equipment Tier 1 Power Strip 158.9118
Tier 2 AV Equipment Unknown 158.9119

114
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Advanced Power Strip Research Report, August
2011, pg. 30.
115
Ibid.
116
Ibid, pg. 7. Calculated with weighted average where 60% of Tier 1 APS applications are used for AV equipment
and 40% for IT and other smaller load applications.
117
San Diego Gas & Electric, Tier 2 Advanced Power Strips in Residential and Commercial Applications, April
2015, pg. 3.
118
Ibid. Calculated as incremental savings over a Tier 1 APS (234 – 75.1 = 158.9 kWh).
119
Ibid. Conservatively assumes savings associated with replacement of a Tier 1 APS.
120


The baseline condition for Tier 1 APS is AV or IT equipment plugged into a standard power strip.
The baseline condition for Tier 2 APS is AV equipment plugged into either a standard power strip
or Tier 1 APS.

The compliance condition is a Tier 1 or Tier 2 APS as defined in the Measure Description.
Operating Hours
Power strips are assumed to be plugged in at all times. The hrsoff term used above for the purposes
of estimating Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings adopts a usage profile associated with
AV equipment, as this provides the most conservative demand savings estimate. This equipment
is assumed to be off for 20.11 hours per day and on but not in use for 1.94 hours per day.121 For
Tier 1 APS, only off hours lead to savings, thus the operating hours are 365 x 20.11 = 7,340.
Savings are achieved for Tier 2 APS when equipment is off or on but not in use. Thus, the hours
of operation used to determine demand savings are 365 x (20.11 + 1.94) = 8,048. No savings are
achieved during the remaining 712 hours per year when equipment is in active use. This reporting
of AV off hours aligns well with the NYSERDA APS research study, which found television off
hours to be 19.1 per day in New York State.122

An existing residential customer located near Albany replaces their standard power strip
installed in a home-office with a Tier 1 Advanced Power Strip. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident
Demand Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓

ΔkWh/unit = 31, from Annual Electric Energy Savings per unit table based on Tier and
connected equipment from application
hrsoff = 7,340, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on Tier from
application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 31 = 31 𝑘𝑊ℎ
121
California Plug Load Research Center, Tier 2 Advanced Power Strip Evaluation for Energy Saving Incentive,
May 2014, pg. 36.
122
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Advanced Power Strip Research Report, August
2011, pg. 8.

31
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.8 = 0.00338 𝑘𝑊
7,340

See Appendix P.


References
1. New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Advanced Power Strip
Research Report, August 2011.
Available from: https://energy.mo.gov/sites/energy/files/advanced-power-strip-research-
report.pdf
2. San Diego Gas & Electric, Tier 2 Advanced Power Strips in Residential and Commercial
Applications, April 2015.
Available from: http://www.etcc-
ca.com/sites/default/files/reports/et14sdg8031_commerical_tier_2_aps.pdf
3. California Plug Load Research Center, Tier 2 Advanced Power Strip Evaluation for
Energy Saving Incentive, May 2014.
Available from: http://embertec.com/assets/pdf/CalPlug_Tier2_APS_Evaluation.pdf
Record of Revision
1 12/31/2015
1-17-2 12/31/2016
3-18-1 3/29/2018

APPLIANCE RECYCLING
AIR CONDITIONER - R OOM (RAC) RECYCLING

Measure Description
In many cases where an air conditioning unit is replaced by a homeowner, the existing unit is
retained, sold, or donated for use elsewhere and represents additional load on the grid. This
measure covers recycling of the existing functional equipment, thereby eliminating the
consumption associated with that equipment. Because this measure addresses both retention of the
existing equipment and resale, RACs used for supplemental cooling are applicable. Air conditioner
recycling programs receive energy savings credit for permanently removing inefficient functional
air conditioners from the electric grid.
This measure covers the recycling of inefficient room air conditioners in residential applications.
A room air conditioner is a consumer product, other than a “packaged terminal air conditioner,”
which is powered by a single phase electric current, and which is an encased assembly designed
as a unit for mounting in a window or through the wall for the purpose of providing delivery of
conditioned air to an enclosed space. It includes a prime source of refrigeration and may include a
means for ventilating and heating.123 Minimum energy conservation standards for these appliances
have been established by the Code for Federal Regulations 10 CFR 430.32(b). As this standard
continues to be revised, and by association ENERGY STAR® standards continue to increase,
operational savings attributable to new RAC may justify early retirement before the full useful life
has been exhausted. To realize the anticipated savings, a currently functioning appliance 5 years
old or older of equivalent cooling capacity and type must be properly disposed of when a new
appliance is supplied to the customer.
(𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000 𝐶𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐶𝐹
where:
123
10 CFR 430.2.


units = Number of measures recycled under the program
(BTU/h)/unit = British Thermal Units per hour of air conditioning per unit
CEER = Combined Energy Efficiency Ratio
EFLHcooling = Cooling equivalent full-load hours

(BTU/h)/unit From application, or use 7,829 as default.124
If known, use the nameplate efficiency of the recycled equipment,
from application. Nameplate EER may be converted to CEER by
CEERbaseline dividing EER by 1.01 (EER/1.01 = CEER).125
If unknown, see Baseline Efficiencies section below.

Cooling equivalent full-load hours, lookup from Operating Hours
EFLHcooling
section below based on location.
CF 0.3

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is 0.3.126 The average Seasonal CF based on 2007
weather data used for this measure aligns with results of a sampling study conducted in Con Edison
territory, citing a CF = 0.31.127

The baseline condition is equivalent to the existing equipment. CEERbaseline shall be set equal to
the nameplate efficiency of the existing unit, converted from EER to CEER via the conversion
CEER = EER/1.01, if necessary. If nameplate efficiency is unavailable, use the rated efficiency
ratio based on recycled equipment manufacture date, type and capacity per the table below.
124
RLW Analytics, Coincidence Factor Study: Residential Room Air Conditioners, June 2008, p. 22 (based on
population average).
125
Conversion factor developed by comparing EER and CEER values reported in ENERGY STAR® Program
Requirements for Room Air Conditioners Version Eligibility Criteria 3.1.
126
RLW Analytics, Coincidence Factor Study: Residential Room Air Conditioners, June 2008, p. iv (based on
average Seasonal CF for all load zones using 2007 weather data).
127
Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships, Loadshape Report and Catalogue.

Recycled Equipment Manufactured Before June 2014
The CEER values listed in the table below reflect the minimum performance required by the Code
of Federal Regulations effective October 1, 2000, to May 31, 2014.128
Federal Standard
Product Class Federal Standard With
Without Louvered
Product Type Capacity Louvered Sides
Sides
(BTU/h) (CEER)
(CEER)
< 6,000 9.6 8.9
6,000 to 7,999 9.6 8.9
8,000 to 10,999 9.7 8.4
RAC without
11,000 to 13,999 9.7 8.4
Reverse Cycle
14,000 to 19,999 9.6 8.4
20,000 to 27,999 8.4 8.4
≥ 28,000 8.4 8.4
< 14,000 8.9 8.4
RAC with
14,000 to 19,999 8.9 7.9
Reverse Cycle
≥ 20,000 8.4 7.9
Casement Only All 8.6
Casement-Slider All 9.4
Recycled Equipment Manufactured After June 2014
of Federal Regulations effective June 1, 2014.129
Federal Standard
Without Louvered
Sides
(BTU/h) (CEER)
(CEER)
< 6,000 11.0 10.0
6,000 to 7,999 11.0 10.0
8,000 to 10,999 10.9 9.6
RAC without
11,000 to 13,999 10.9 9.5
Reverse Cycle
14,000 to 19,999 10.7 9.3
20,000 to 27,999 9.4 9.4
≥ 28,000 9.0 9.4
< 14,000 9.8 9.3
RAC with
14,000 to 19,999 9.8 8.7
Reverse Cycle
≥ 20,000 9.3 8.7
128
10 CFR 430.32(b), CFR EER values were converted to CEER values by dividing by 1.01. Conversion factor
developed by comparing EER and CEER values reported in ENERGY STAR ® Program Requirements for Room Air
Conditioners Version Eligibility Criteria 4.1.
129
10 CFR 430.32(b)

Federal Standard
Without Louvered
Sides
(BTU/h) (CEER)
(CEER)

The compliance condition is the recycling of an existing room air conditioner as defined in the
Measure Description section above.
Operating Hours
Cooling equivalent full load hours for residential room air conditioners shall be established based
on location per the table below. EFLHcooling values below were determined by calculating the ratio
of RAC cooling EFLH in Albany130 to average cooling EFLH in Albany per Appendix G and
applying it to the average EFLH for each city. EFLH was averaged from Appendix G over vintage
and building type for each city.
City EFLHcooling
Albany 259
Binghamton 175
Buffalo 266
Massena 204
NYC 338
Poughkeepsie 345
Syracuse 251

A single-family homeowner located near Massena recycles an existing functional air
conditioning unit manufactured in 2012 with 7,800 BTU/h capacity and louvered sides.
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and
Summer Peak Coincident. Demand Savings are calculated as below.

(BTU/h)/unit = 7,800 BTU/h, from application
CEERbaseline = 9.6, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on Manufacture Date, Product
RLW Analytics, Coincidence Factor Study: Residential Room Air Conditioners, June 2008, p. iv (based on 2007
130
FLEH for Albany).

Type, and Capacity

EFLHcooling = 204, from Operating Hours section based on location
7,800 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × × 204 = 165.75 kWh
1,000 9.6
7,800 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × × 0.3 = 0.24 𝑘𝑊
1,000 9.6

See Appendix P.


References
1. 10 CFR 430.2 Definitions.
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_12
2. RLW Analytics, Final Report Coincidence Factor Study: Residential Room Air
Conditioners. June 23, 2008.
Available from:
https://www.puc.nh.gov/Electric/Monitoring%20and%20Evaluation%20Reports/National
%20Grid/122_SPWG%20Room%20%20AC%20Evaluation%20FINALReport%20June
%2023%20ver7.pdf
3. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Room Air
Conditioners Eligibility Criteria Version 4.1.
Available from:
ersion%204.1%20Room%20Air%20Conditioners%20Specification.pdf
4. Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships, Loadshape Report and Catalogue.
Available from: http://neep.org/loadshape-report-and-catalogue

.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_132
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-37 7/31/2013
3-18-8 3/29/2018
3-23-1 3/31/2023

DEHUMIDIFIER RECYCLING
Measure Description
When a dehumidifier is replaced by a homeowner, the existing unit may be retained, sold or
donated for use elsewhere, representing additional load on the grid. This measure covers recycling
of existing, functional, portable dehumidifiers, thereby eliminating the consumption associated
with that equipment.
0.473 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
24 𝐿/𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
capacity = Capacity of the unit (pints/day)
L/kWh = Dehumidifier efficiency (L/kWh)
0.473 = Conversion factor to convert pints to liters
24 = Constant to convert liters/day to liters/hour

capacity From application.
Liters of water removed per kWh consumed, as provided
L/kWh
in the Baseline Efficiencies section below.
hrs 1,632 Run hours based on 68 days per year, 24 hours of use.131
CF 0.56
131



The baseline condition is equivalent to the existing equipment. If specific equipment efficiency is
unavailable, use the dehumidifier efficiency based on manufacture date and capacity from the
equipment nameplate, and ENERGY STAR® labeling status per the table below.
Non- ENERGY STAR® Labeled

ENERGY STAR®
Capacity Range Manufacture date Manufacture date of
Labeled
(pints/day) before Oct. 2012 Oct. 2012 or later
(L/kWh)133
(≥L/kWh)134 (≥L/kWh)135
≤ 25 1.57 1.00 1.35
> 25 to ≤ 35 1.80 1.20 1.35
> 35 to ≤ 45 1.80 1.30 1.50
> 45 to ≤ 50 1.80 1.30 1.60
> 50 to ≤ 54 3.30 1.30 1.60
> 54 to ≤ 75 3.30 1.50 1.70
> 75 3.30 2.25 2.50

The compliance condition is the recycling of an existing dehumidifier as defined in the Measure
Description section above.
Operating Hours
The dehumidifier is assumed to be operating 1,632 hours per year based on 68 days of 24 hour
operation.136

An existing residential customer in Albany recycles an operational dehumidifier with 30
pints/day capacity. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric
Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.
0.473 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
24 𝐿/𝑘𝑊ℎ
132
as a proxy for CF.
133
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Dehumidifiers, Version 5.0, February 2019.
134
42 U.S.C, Title 42 Chapter 77, Subchapter III, Part A, (cc)(1).
135
Ibid, (cc)(2).
136

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
Units = 1, from application

Capacity = 30 pints/day, from application
Hrs = 1,632 hours, from operating hours section
L/kWh = 1.25 L/kWh, from application
CF = 0.56, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
0.473 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 30 × × 1,632 × = 771.94 𝑘𝑊ℎ
24 1.25
771.94
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.56 = 0.26 𝑘𝑊
1,632

See Appendix P.



References
1. A. Mendyk & D. Cautley, Dehumidifier Metering Study, Home Energy, January
2011.
Available from: http://www.homeenergy.org/show/article/id/777
2. 42 U.S.C, Title 42 Chapter 77, Subchapter III, Part A.
Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2016-
title42/html/USCODE-2016-title42-chap77-subchapIII-partA-sec6295.htm
3. Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances.
Available from: https://dnr.mo.gov/sites/dnr/files/media/file/2021/01/energy-star-
appliance-calculator.xlsx
4. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Dehumidifiers, Version 5.0, February
2019.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ENERGY%20STAR%20Dehumidifier
s%20Version%205.0%20Program%20Requirements_0.pdf
Record of Revision
7-21-2 8/30/2021
6-22-3 9/2/2022
3-23-2 3/31/2023

REFRIGERATOR AND F REEZER RECYCLING

Measure Description
In many cases, when a refrigerator or freezer is replaced by a homeowner, the existing unit is
retained, sold, or donated for use elsewhere, representing additional load on the grid. This measure
covers recycling of the existing, functional equipment, thereby eliminating the consumption
associated with that equipment. Refrigerator and freezer recycling programs receive energy
savings credit for permanently removing inefficient, functional refrigerators and freezers from the
electric grid.
This measure covers the recycling of primary (i.e. installed in a kitchen) and secondary (i.e.
installed elsewhere) refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers. To account for the fact that
secondary equipment is occasionally installed and operating for only part of the year, a part-time
use adjustment factor has been developed and embedded within the gross savings estimate for
secondary units to establish average annual per unit deemed electric savings.
This measure also covers the recycling of equipment classified by the Code of Federal Regulations
as “Compact refrigerator/refrigerator-freezer/freezer”. This refers to any refrigerator, refrigerator-
freezer, or freezer with a total refrigerated volume of less than 7.75 ft3 (220 liters), where the total
refrigerated volume has been determined in accordance with the procedure prescribed in Appendix
A (refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers) or B (freezers) of 10 CFR 430 Subpart B.137
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝑇𝐴𝐹 × 𝐿𝑆𝐴𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
8,760
where:
(ΔkWh/unit) = Gross deemed annual electric savings per unit
TAF = Temperature Adjustment Factor
LSAF = Load Shape Adjustment Factor
137
10 CFR 430.2.


There are several conditions that impact the estimated savings available from a refrigerator and/or
freezer-recycling program. Factors such as the average type, make, model, size, and age of units
recycled significantly impact the savings. Variances in these conditions have a significant impact
of the level of savings that can be achieved. In addition, the average number of hours these units
are plugged in and operating impact savings. Likewise, the environmental and operational
conditions also impact the energy savings. These variables make establishing a projected
engineering-based calculation approach for per unit savings a complex task that is prone to error
because of the effects of the compounding uncertainty associated with the potential variance within
each of the key estimation variables. However, savings projections in this measure are based on
impact evaluations completed in New York State conducted in compliance with the National
Renewable Energy Laboratory’s Uniform Methods Project (UMP) Refrigerator Recycling
Evaluation Protocol.138
The following deemed energy impact estimates shall be used in New York for refrigerator and
freezer recycling programs.

Primary Refrigerator: 958 Look up compact unit from Compact
Secondary Refrigerator: 581 Refrigerator, Refrigerator-Freezer and
Freezer: 593 Freezer table based on product type.
(ΔkWh/unit)
Compact Refrigerators, Otherwise, Refrigerator and Freezer
Refrigerator-Freezers and based on Appliance Recycling Program
Freezers: See table below Impact Evaluation.139
Temperature Adjustment Factor; reflects
load variance during summer peak due to
TAF 1.22
increased ambient temperature
conditions.140
Load Shape Adjustment Factor; reflects
LSAF 1.06 the instantaneous differential from annual
average load coincident with peak.141
CF 0.96
For equipment classified by the Code of Federal Regulations as “Compact refrigerator/refrigerator-

freezer/freezer”, kWh/unit shall be derived based on the Product Class and internal volume in
138
NREL, The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific
Measures. January 2010-September 2016. Chapter 7: Refrigerator Recycling Evaluation Protocol.
139
Appliance Recycling Program Impact Evaluation, study prepared by DNV.
140
Blasnik, Michael, "Measurement and Verification of Residential Refrigerator Energy Use, Final Report, 2003-
2004 Metering Study", July 29, 2004. It assumes 58% of New York homes have central air conditioning.
141
Ibid.

cubic feet (AV) from the table below reflecting federal equipment standards for products
manufactured between July 1, 2001 and September 15, 2014.
Compact Refrigerator, Refrigerator-Freezer and Freezer142

Product Class kWh/unit
Compact refrigerator-freezers and refrigerators other than all-
9.03AV + 252.3
refrigerators with manual defrost
Compact all refrigerators---manual defrost 7.84AV + 219.1
Compact refrigerator-freezers--partial automatic defrost 5.91AV + 335.8
Compact refrigerator-freezers--automatic defrost with top-mounted
11.80AV + 339.2
freezer
Compact refrigerator-freezers--automatic defrost with top-mounted
11.80AV + 423.2
freezer with an automatic icemaker
Compact all refrigerators---automatic defrost 9.17AV + 259.3
Compact refrigerator-freezers--automatic defrost with side-
6.82AV + 456.9
mounted freezer
Compact refrigerator-freezers--automatic defrost with side-
6.82AV + 540.9
mounted freezer with an automatic icemaker
Compact refrigerator-freezers--automatic defrost with bottom-
11.80AV + 339.2
mounted freezer
Compact refrigerator-freezers--automatic defrost with bottom-
11.80AV + 423.2
mounted freezer with an automatic icemaker
Compact upright freezers with manual defrost 8.65AV + 225.7
Compact upright freezers with automatic defrost 10.17AV + 351.9
Compact chest freezers 9.25AV + 136.8


The savings calculations above apply to recycling of a functioning primary 144 or secondary
refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer, or freezer with total refrigerated volume of 7.75 ft3 (220 liters) or
more or compact refrigerator/refrigerator-freezer/freezer with total refrigerated volume of less than
7.75 ft3 (220 liters).
142
10 CFR, 430.32 (a) Refrigerators/ refrigerator-freezer, freezers, Energy and water conservation standards and
their compliance dates.
143
Derived from Verified Gross Savings values presented in Table 1-1 of Appliance Recycling Program Impact
Evaluation study prepared by DNV, June 30th, 2021. Based on the application of PY 2019 VGS kWh of 4,552,840
and VGS kW of 642in the Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings algorithm above.
144
Savings can be claimed for recycling a primary refrigerator as long as savings for that replacement were not
claimed by another energy efficiency program.


The compliance condition is the recycling of an existing refrigerator or freezer as defined in the
Operating Hours
Primary refrigerators or freezers are assumed to be connected to an electrical outlet 8,760 hours
per year. Secondary units may only be connected part-time, but 8,760 hours per year is utilized in
these cases as well for the sake of establishing conservative estimates of Summer Peak Coincident
Demand Savings.

An existing residential customer recycles a primary refrigerator unit. Annual Electric Energy
Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝑇𝐴𝐹 × 𝐿𝑆𝐴𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
8,760

(ΔkWh/unit) = 958, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
TAF = 1.22, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
LSAF = 1.06, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 958 = 958 𝑘𝑊ℎ
958
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × ( ) × 1.22 × 1.06 × 1.0 = 0.13 𝑘𝑊
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 0

See Appendix P.



References
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=433d4d2525eac3e38a1ede79f3b5c0ed&mc=true&n=pt10.3
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_12
2. NREL, The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency
Savings for Specific Measures. January 2010-September 2016. Chapter 7: Refrigerator
Recycling Evaluation Protocol.
Available from: https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy18osti/70472.pdf
3. Cadmus memo to Consolidated Edison, “Recommended Gross Savings Values for
Refrigerator Recycling Programs”, December 17, 2015.
4. Con Edison EEPS Programs – Impact Evaluation of Residential Appliance Bounty
Program, Energy & Resource Solutions (ERS), filed under Item Number 3788, May 4,
2015.
Available from:
http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/MatterManagement/MatterFilingItem.aspx?FilingSeq
=148044&MatterSeq=27802
5. Blasnik, Michael, "Measurement and Verification of Residential Refrigerator Energy
Use, Final Report, 2003-2004 Metering Study", July 29, 2004.
Available from: https://nascsp.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/blasnik_measurement-
and-verification-of-residential-refrigerator.pdf
6. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for
Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific Measures, Chapter 7: Refrigerator
Recycling Evaluation Protocol, April 2013.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/53827-7.pdf
7. Appliance Recycling Program Impact Evaluation, study prepared by DNV, June 30th,
2021.
8. 10 CFR, 430.32 (a) Refrigerators/ refrigerator-freezer, freezers, Energy and water
conservation standards and their compliance dates.
Available from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-10/chapter-II/subchapter-D/part-
430#430.32

Record of Revision
2 10/15/2010
7-13-4 7/31/2013
9-13-2 9/2/2013
6-15-2 6/1/2015
12-17-2 12/31/2017
6-19-4 6/28/2019
12-21-2 1/28/2022
3-23-3 3/31/2023

BUILDING SHELL
AIR CONDITIONER – R OOM (RAC) COVER AND GAP SEALER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a rigid, insulated cover installed on the inside of a room air
conditioner (RAC) and a cover or sealing on the gap surrounding the unit. The cover is designed
for permanently installed RAC units, which comprise window air conditioners and through-the-
wall air conditioners, left in place throughout the heating season and reduces heating load by
limiting the infiltration of cold outside air. To ensure persistence of savings, homeowner/building
staff shall be instructed on proper annual removal and reinstallation. This measure assumes the
cover is in place outside of the cooling season for the duration of the measure EUL.
Annual Electric Energy Savings (Electric Heating Equipment Only)
1.08 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 ×
𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 3,412
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings (Fossil Fuel Heating Equipment Only)
1.08 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 ×
𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 1,000,000
where:
CFM = Cubic foot per minute
HDD = Heating degree day
Effheating = Efficiency of heating system
1.08 = Specific heat of air × density of inlet air @ 70°F × 60 min/hr145
145
The sensible heat constant at standard conditions of 1.08 is applied in accordance with standard HVAC industry
practice. While the underlying assumptions are not representative characteristics of a NY heating season, the
impacts to this value due to average heating season temperature and NY mean elevation offset such that the NY
heating season specific value is approximately 1.08.


CFM 19 Based on a negative pressure differential of 10 Pa.146,147
Look up in Heating Degree Days section below based on
HDD
location.
From application, based on existing equipment nameplate
efficiency. If unknown, look up in table below based on
Effheating
equipment type and size. For electric resistance heat, use a
value of 1.0.
Heating Degree Days

The table below presents the heating degree days (HDD) for several NY cities throughout the
heating season (October 1st through May 31st). 148 Heating degree days represent the annual
summation of the number of degrees that each day's average temperature is below some baseline
temperature. The values below are distinct from HDD values used elsewhere in this TRM because
they exclude degree days that fall on cooler evenings during the cooling season when the cover
would not be in place. The baseline temperature reflects the temperature below which it is assumed
a building needs to be heated. The HDD values below are based on 30-year averages of U.S annual
climate normals between 1991 and 2020 using a baseline temperature of 65° F.149
City HDD
Albany 6,226
Binghamton 6,872
Buffalo 6,314
Massena 7,692
NYC 4,845
Poughkeepsie 5,873
Syracuse 6,423

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is N/A.

The baseline condition is a room air conditioning unit in a multifamily building left in place
through the heating season without a cover.
The baseline efficiency of the heating system is the nameplate efficiency of the existing equipment.
If unknown, the baseline efficiency is that of a minimally code compliant system of type and
capacity equivalent to the existing case.
146
Steven Winter Associates, There Are Holes in Our Walls, April 2011, pg. 13.
147
TRANE Engineers Newsletter, Managing the Ins and Outs of Commercial Building Pressurization, 2002, pg. 6.
A conservative estimation of building pressure differential throughout New York State during the heating season.
148
NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development, Residential Heat and Hot Water Requirements.
149
HDD during heating season calculated from NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

If the existing equipment efficiency is unknown, the baseline efficiency for fossil fuel fired heating
systems serving single-family homes and individual units is defined by the Code of Federal
Regulations as shown in the table below.
Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline Efficiencies: Systems Serving Single Units150
ECCCNYS Minimum
Equipment Type Size Range Efficiency for Climate Zones
4, 5 and 6
Warm Air Furnace, Gas Fired All Capacities 0.80 AFUE
Warm Air Furnace, Oil Fired All Capacities 0.83 AFUE
Boiler, Hot Water, Gas Fired All Capacities 0.82 AFUE
Boiler, Hot Water, Oil Fired All Capacities 0.84 AFUE
Boiler, Steam, Gas Fired All Capacities 0.80 AFUE
Boiler, Steam Oil Fired All Capacities 0.82 AFUE
If the existing equipment efficiency is unknown, the baseline efficiency for heating systems
serving multiple dwelling units is defined by International Energy Conservation Code 151 and
subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York State
(ECCCNYS) as shown in the table below.
Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline Efficiencies: Systems Serving Multiple Dwelling Units
ECCCNYS Minimum
Equipment Type Size Range Efficiency for Climate
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Warm Air Furnace, Gas < 225 kBTU/h 0.80 AFUE
Fired ≥ 225 kBTU/h 0.80 Et
Warm Air Furnace, Oil < 225 kBTU/h 0.83 AFUE
Warm Air Unit Heaters,
All Capacities 0.80 Ec
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
< 300 kBTU/h 0.82 AFUE
Boiler, Hot Water, Gas
≥ 300 kBTU/h and ≤ 2,500 kBTU/h 0.80 Et
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Boiler, Hot Water, Oil
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
Boiler, Steam, Gas Fired,
All Except Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
150
10 CFR 430.32(e).
151
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.2(4) & Table C403.3.2(5).

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
Boiler, Steam, Oil Fired ≥ 300 kBTU/h and ≤ 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et

The compliance condition is a room air conditioning unit in a multifamily building with a cover
and/or sealing on the surrounding gap through the heating season (October 1st through May 31st).152
Building staff shall be instructed on proper annual removal and reinstallation to ensure persistence
of savings.
Operating Hours
Assumed equipment operating hours are embedded in Heating Degree Day values.

Two (2) covers are installed on room air conditioners in a multi-family residence located near
Albany. The residence is equipped with electric resistance heat with an efficiency rating of 1.0
COP. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are calculated as below.
1.08 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24

𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 3,412

CFM = 19, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
HDD = 6,226, from Heating Degree Day table based on location from application
Effheating = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
1.08 × 19 × 6,226 × 24
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 2 × = 1,797 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1 × 3,412

See Appendix P.
152
NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development, Residential Heat and Hot Water Requirements.



References
1. There Are Holes in Our Walls; A Report Prepared for the Urban Green Building Council,
by Steven Winter Associates, April 2011.
Available from:
https://urbangreencouncil.org/sites/default/files/there_are_holes_in_our_walls.pdf
2. TRANE Engineers Newsletter, Managing the ins and outs of Commercial Building
Pressurization, Volume 31, No. 2, 2002.
Available from: https://www.trane.com/content/dam/Trane/Commercial/global/products-
systems/education-training/engineers-newsletters/airside-design/admapn003en_0502.pdf
3. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.2.3(4): Warm-Air Furnaces And Combination Warm-Air
Furnaces/Air-Conditioning Units, Warm-Air Duct Furnaces And Unit Heaters, Minimum
Efficiency Requirements.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-4-[ce]-
commercial-energy-efficiency#NYSECC2020P1_CE_Ch04_SecC403
4. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – NCEI 1991-2020 Climate
Normals.
Available from: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals
5. NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development, Residential Heat and Hot
Water Requirements.
Available from: https://www1.nyc.gov/nyc-resources/service/1815/residential-heat-and-
hot-water-requirements
Record of Revision
6-14-1 6/19/2014
9-18-3 9/28/2018
3-19-3 3/29/2019
7-21-3 8/30/2021

AIR LEAKAGE SEALING

Measure Description
This measure covers methods of sealing air leakage paths to reduce the natural air infiltration rate
of a building through the installation of products and repairs to the building envelope, including,
but not limited to, caulking, gasketing, and weather stripping. Sealing the thermal envelope reduces
passive convective heat transfer between conditioned and unconditioned spaces or outside air,
thereby reducing heating and cooling loads and improving occupant comfort. This measure is only
applicable as a retrofit in existing buildings. This measure is not applicable to gut rehab/major
renovation projects, which entail whole-building envelope alterations that trigger more stringent
code provisions, limiting potential incremental savings.
The exterior envelope, as well as interior walls/partitions between conditioned and unconditioned
spaces should be inspected and all gaps sealed. At a minimum, the following items shall be
inspected, and sealing measures may be implemented based upon inspection results:
• Caulk and weather strip doors and windows that leak air.
• Repair or replace doors leading from conditioned to unconditioned space.
• Seal air leaks between unconditioned (including unconditioned basement and attics)
and conditioned spaces, to include, but not limited to, plumbing, ducting, electrical
wiring, wall top plates, chimneys, flues, and dropped soffits.
• Use foam sealant on larger gaps around windows, baseboards, and other places where
air leakage, either infiltration or exfiltration may occur.
Methods are provided below for single-family, low-rise multifamily and high-rise multifamily
applications with and without blower door testing conducted before and after implementation of
air sealing treatments. A blower door test is performed to measure the leakage rate by
depressurizing the building to a standard pressure difference of 50 Pascals or 0.2 inches of water.
The measured flowrate indicates the leakage rate, or infiltration and exfiltration rate, of the
building shell. The first method below only applies to high-rise multifamily applications where
blower door testing is not conducted. All other scenarios shall be addressed using the second set
of algorithms below.
Blower door tests shall be performed whenever possible. The method provided below for single -
family/low-rise multifamily without blower door testing should only be used if blower door testing
is not feasible due to health or safety concerns, e.g., the presence of a hazardous material like
asbestos or mold, ongoing construction in the home or concerns regarding COVID-19.
(high-rise multifamily without blower door test)
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝑘𝑆𝐹 )
1,000

𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄𝑘𝑆𝐹 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
𝑆𝐹 (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄𝑘𝑆𝐹 )
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×
1,000 10
(with blower door test or single-family/low-rise multifamily without blower door test)
∆𝐶𝐹𝑀50
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝐶𝐹𝑀)
𝐹𝑛 × 𝐹ℎ
∆𝐶𝐹𝑀50
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐶𝐹
𝐹𝑛 × 𝐹ℎ
∆𝐶𝐹𝑀50 (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄𝐶𝐹𝑀)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( )×
𝐹𝑛 × 𝐹ℎ 10
where:
SF = Square footage of conditioned floor area affected by installation (ft2)
(ΔkWh/kSF) = Annual electric energy savings per thousand square feet
(ΔkW/kSF) = Peak coincident demand electric savings per thousand square feet
(Δtherms/kSF) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per thousand square feet
ΔCFM50 = Change in infiltration rate (cubic foot per minute) before and after air
leakage sealing as determined by blower door testing at a negative
pressure differential of 50 Pa (see Summary of Variables and Data
Sources for derivation for single-family and low-rise multifamily
applications without blower door testing)
Fn = Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, used to convert pressurized blower door testing
results to natural infiltration rates, climate zone factor
Fh = Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, used to convert pressurized blower door testing
results to natural infiltration rates, building height factor

(ΔkWh/CFM) = Annual electric energy savings per cubic foot per minute of reduced air
leakage at 50 Pa
(ΔkW/CFM) = Peak coincident demand electric savings per cubic foot per minute of
reduced air leakage at 50 Pa
(Δtherms/CFM) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per cubic foot per minute of reduced air
leakage at 50 Pa
1,000 = Conversion factor from square feet (SF) to 1,000 square feet (kSF)
10 = Conversion factor, one MMBtu equals 10 therms

SF From application.
Look up from Appendix E based on city and building
(ΔkWh/kSF)
vintage.
(ΔkW/kSF)
vintage.
(Δtherms/kSF)
vintage.
From application, results from blower door test.
For single-family and low-rise multifamily homes, if
conducting a blower door test is not feasible due to
CFM50 health and safety concerns, multiply affected area
square footage by a deemed CFM50/SF of 0.50 (i.e.,
CFM50 = 0.50 x SF).153
Value chosen from the range of 17-19 to reflect a
Fn 19
conservative estimate of savings.154
Based on the number of conditioned stories in the
1 story: 1.00 building. 155 The selected value should reflect the
1.5 stories: 0.90 number of stories located inside the conditioned
Fh 2 stories: 0.81 envelope of the building. Unconditioned basements
2.5 stories: 0.76 and attics should not be included. Half-story values
3+ stories: 0.70 are provided for upper levels without full height
perimeter walls.
Look up from Appendix E based on HVAC type and
(ΔkWh/CFM)
city.
(ΔkW/CFM)
city.
(Δtherms/CFM)
city.
CF 0.69
153
Default CFM50/SF of 0.50 is the median value of single-family blower door test data provided by ConEdison,
conducted 2018-2020.
154
LBL, Estimation of Infiltration from Leakage and Climate Indicators, December 1986, pg. 84.
155
Ibid. The value for 2.5 stories was interpolated from presented data.

Unit energy and demand savings were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of a series of
prototypical single and multifamily residential buildings. The prototype building characteristics
are described in Appendix A. The unit energy and demand savings are shown in Appendix E.


Baseline natural infiltration air changes per hour of 1.0 NACH for old vintage buildings and 0.5
NACH for average vintage buildings are assumed to estimate energy and demand savings tabulated
in Appendix E. For all buildings, if a blower door test can be conducted, pre-implementation results
will serve as existing conditions.
A baseline SEER value of 13 and EER value of 11.1 are used in the simulations, as detailed in
Appendix A, to estimate energy and demand savings tabulated in Appendix E.

The compliance condition is the application of air leakage sealing treatments to an existing
building envelope (excluding gut rehab/major renovations) such that the exterior envelope, as well
as interior walls/partitions between conditioned and unconditioned spaces have been inspected and
all gaps sealed. At a minimum, the following items shall be inspected, and sealing measures may
be implemented based upon inspection results:
• Caulk and weather strip doors and windows that leak air.
• Repair or replace doors leading from conditioned to unconditioned space.
Operating Hours
HVAC system operating hours are embedded into the deemed savings shown in Appendix E and
vary by building type. See Appendix A for details on prototype building simulation parameters.
156
Based on BG&E ‘Development of Residential Load Profile for Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps’
research, the Maryland Peak Definition coincidence factor is 0.69. This study is not publicly available, but is
referenced by M. M. Straub, Using Available Information for Efficient Evaluation of Demand-Side Management
Programs, Electricity Journal, September 2011 and supported by research conducted by Cadmus on behalf of the
RM Management Committee.

Caulking was performed to seal air leakage in a 2-story multi-family building located near
Albany after a blower door test was conducted. The pre and post insulation duct blaster testing
demonstrated a change in CFM50 of 1,300. The building has central air conditioning and gas
heat. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual
Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝐶𝐹𝑀50
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝐶𝐹𝑀)
𝐹𝑛 × 𝐹ℎ
∆𝐶𝐹𝑀50
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐶𝐹
𝐹𝑛 × 𝐹ℎ
∆𝐶𝐹𝑀50 (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄𝐶𝐹𝑀)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( )×
𝐹𝑛 × 𝐹ℎ 10

ΔCFM50 = 1,300, from application
Fn = 19, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fh = 0.81, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on building type from
application
∆kWh/CFM = 1.5, from Appendix E based on HVAC type and city from application
∆kW/CFM = 0.004, from Appendix E based on HVAC type and city from application
Δtherms/CFM = 2.4, from Appendix E based on HVAC type and city from application
1,300
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × ( ) × 1.5 = 126.71 𝑘𝑊ℎ
19 × 0.81
1,300
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × ( ) × 0.004 × 0.69 = 0.34 𝑘𝑊
19 × 0.81
1,300 2.4
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × ( )× = 20.27 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
19 × 0.81 10

See Appendix P.


References
1. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Estimation of Infiltration from Leakage and Climate
Indicators, Sherman, M. December 1986.
Available from: http://eta-
publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/estimation_of_inflitration_from_leakage_and_clim
ate_indicators.pdf
2. BG&E: Development of Residential Load Profile for Central Air Conditioners and Heat
Pumps.
3. ECCCNYS 2020 Section C402.5.1 Air Barrier Testing.
4. ECCCNYS 2020 Section R402 Building Thermal Envelope.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-4-[re]-
residential-energy-efficiency#NYSECC2020P1_RE_Ch04_SecR402
5. NYSMC 2020; Section 401.2 Ventilation Required.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSMC2020P1/chapter-4-ventilation
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-25 7/31/2013
9-18-19 9/30/2018
12-18-2 12/28/2018
3-19-1 3/29/2019
3-21-2 4/9/2021

INSULATION - HOT WATER AND STEAM PIPE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of fiberglass or rigid foam/cellular glass pipe insulation in
space heating hot water/steam and domestic hot water (DHW) distribution systems on uninsulated
copper, steel, CPVC or PEX piping with a nominal diameter between 0.50″ and 4.00″. Estimation
of energy savings depends on the type and size of the pipe, type and thickness of the insulation,
supply temperature of the heating medium and ambient temperature.
This measure is applicable in retrofit applications complying with all relevant construction and
safety codes and standards. All insulation materials installed under this measure are to be tested in
accordance with all pertinent federal testing standards (ASTM) and must be rated for the
temperature range of the heating medium conveyed by the affected system. Service hot water pipe
insulation for non-recirculating systems is limited to insulation of hot water distribution pipe in
unconditioned spaces only. Space heating pipe insulation is limited to insulation installed in
unheated spaces only.
(𝑈𝐴/𝐿)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (𝑈𝐴/𝐿)𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑙 × ∆𝑇 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 × 3,412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝑙 × ∆𝑇 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 × 1,000,000
where:
(UA/L) = Overall heat transfer coefficient per unit length (BTU/h-○F-ft)
Et = Thermal efficiency of hot water source
l = Length of installed insulation (ft)
ΔT = Temperature difference between hot water in pipe and surrounding ambient air
temperature (○F)

ElecSF = Electric Savings Factor: Adjustment to electric energy savings based on fuel
type
FuelSF = Fossil fuel Savings Factor: Adjustment to fossil fuel energy savings based on
fuel type
3,412 = Conversion factor, one kW equals 3,412 BTU/h

Lookup from Baseline Efficiencies
(UA/L)baseline section below, based on pipe diameter,
pipe material and application.
Lookup from Compliance Efficiency
(UA/L)ee section below, based on pipe diameter
and insulation type and thickness.
Recovery efficiency of typical electric
Et,elec DHW: 0.98
storage type water heater.157
DHW: 0.75
Recovery efficiency of typical gas and
Gas-Fired HW Boiler: 0.84 AFUE
oil storage type water heater and
Et,fuel Gas-Fired Steam Boiler: 0.82 AFUE
baseline efficiency of residential-size
Oil-Fired HW Boiler: 0.86 AFUE
space heating boilers.158,159
Oil-Fired Steam Boiler: 0.85 AFUE
l From application.
ΔT Tpipe – Tamb
DHW: 125
Average temperature of hot water in
Tpipe HW Boiler: 160
distribution system piping (○F).160
Steam Boiler: 212
DHW: 70 Surrounding average ambient air
Tamb
Space Heat: 50 temperature (○F).161,162
157
158
Per 10 CFR 430, typical recovery efficiency of a gas water heater, which is used for the purposes of this measure
as a proxy for thermal efficiency, is 0.75. See for example, 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix C1, 5.6.1.1.
159
10 CFR 430.32(e)(iii)(A).
160
10 CFR 430 Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430 Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption
of Water Heaters, Section 2. Test Conditions, 2.5 Set Point Temperature.
161
Average annual ambient temperature in unconditioned spaces.
162
Average ambient temperature based on typical heating season conditions of unconditioned basements.


Based on EIA Residential Energy
Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 for
Electric WH: 1.00 Middle Atlantic States.163 “Unknown”
Fossil Fuel WH: 0 shall only be applied when the
ElecSF
Unknown WH: 0.33 collection of information on water
Space Heat: 0 heating fuel is not feasible due to
program configuration or delivery
mechanism.
Based on EIA Residential Energy
Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 for
Electric WH: 0 Middle Atlantic States.164 “Unknown”
Fossil Fuel WH: 1.00 shall only be applied when the
FuelSF
Unknown WH: 0.56 collection of information on water
Space Heat: 1.00 heating fuel is not feasible due to
program configuration or delivery
mechanism.
DHW: 8,760
hrs Space Heat: See Operating Hours section below.
EFLHheating (Appendix G)
DHW: 1.0
CF
Space Heat: N/A

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor for domestic water heating is 1.0.165
The prescribed value for the coincidence factor for space heating is N/A.

The baseline condition is a length of uninsulated copper, steel, CPVC or PEX domestic hot water
or space heating piping located in an unconditioned space. Prescribed (UA/L)baseline values are
provided in the table below based on the diameter of pipe, pipe material, and application. Pipe wall
resistance and exterior film resistance were not considered in the derivation of the values below.
Values were developed using NAIMA’s 3E Plus software program.166 Insulation of HDPE piping
is not eligible for savings under this measure.167
163
EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States, Table HC8.7, Fuel used
by main water heater (“Unknown” calculated as the number of homes with electric water heating divided by the
total number of homes with water heating).
164
EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States, Table HC8.7, fuel used
by main water heater (“Unknown” calculated as the number of homes with gas water heating divided by the total
number of homes with water heating).
165
166
Insulation Institute, 3E Plus® Version 4.1.
167
HDPE piping was found to have limited savings potential through preliminarily modeling in 3E Plus ® Version
4.1.

(UA/L)baseline
Pipe
Bare Copper Piping Bare Steel Piping Bare CPVC/PEX Piping
Diameter
Domestic Hot Water Steam Hot Water Steam Domestic Hot Water
(in)
Hot Water Heat Heat Heat Heat Hot Water Heat
0.50 0.44 0.48 0.53 0.53 0.59 0.39 0.41
0.75 0.54 0.58 0.64 0.65 0.72 0.48 0.50
1.00 0.65 0.70 0.78 0.79 0.88 0.56 0.58
1.25 0.80 0.86 0.96 0.97 1.09 0.69 0.72
1.50 0.90 0.97 1.09 1.10 1.23 0.78 0.81
2.00 1.10 1.19 1.33 1.34 1.51 0.95 0.98
2.50 1.31 1.42 1.58 1.60 1.80 1.07 1.11
3.00 1.57 1.70 1.90 1.92 2.16 1.23 1.27
3.50 1.77 1.92 2.15 2.18 2.45 1.38 1.42
4.00 1.98 2.14 2.40 2.43 2.73 1.52 1.57

The compliance condition is a length of copper or steel service hot water or space heating hot
water/steam distribution piping insulated in accordance with ECCCNYS 168 which require hot
water piping with 0.50” nominal diameter and larger to be insulated with a minimum thermal
resistance of R-3. The R-value is the thermal resistance of the insulating material, which is derived
by dividing the thickness of the material by the material’s thermal conductivity, or k-value.
Thermal transmittance, or the material’s U-factor, is the inverse of the R-value.
The (UA/L)ee values associated with fiberglass, rigid foam and cellular glass insulation of various
thicknesses provided in the table below shall be used to establish the compliance condition heat
transfer coefficient. Pipe diameter and insulation type and thickness shall be taken from the
application. The values below were calculated using a k-value of 0.25 BTU-in/h-F-ft2 for
fiberglass and 0.35 BTU-in/ h-F-ft2 for rigid foam and cellular glass insulation at 100ºF. Pipe wall
resistance and exterior film resistance were ignored in the derivation of the values below. Values
were developed using NAIMA’s 3E Plus software program.169
Pipe (UA/L)ee
Diameter Fiberglass Rigid Foam/Cellular Glass
(in) 0.5 in 1.0 in 1.5 in 2.0 in 2.5 in 3.0 in 0.5 in 1.0 in 1.5 in 2.0 in 2.5 in 3.0 in
0.50 0.12 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08
0.75 0.14 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.18 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.09
1.00 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.21 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.10
1.25 0.19 0.14 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.24 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.11
1.50 0.21 0.15 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.27 0.20 0.16 0.14 0.13 0.12
2.00 0.25 0.17 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.32 0.23 0.19 0.16 0.15 0.13
2.50 0.29 0.20 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.37 0.26 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.15
3.00 0.34 0.23 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.43 0.30 0.24 0.21 0.18 0.17
3.50 0.38 0.26 0.20 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.47 0.33 0.27 0.23 0.20 0.18
4.00 0.42 0.28 0.22 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.52 0.36 0.29 0.25 0.22 0.20
168
ECCCNYS 2020, R403.5.3.
169

Operating Hours
Domestic hot water heaters are assumed to be available for operation 8,760 hours per year.
Operating hours for water and steam boilers in space heating systems are established on the basis
of equivalent full-load hours. Heating equivalent full-load hours were calculated from a DOE-2.2
simulation of prototypical single and multi-family residential buildings. Operating hour
assumptions for the prototypical building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH
for residential buildings in NY by location, building type and vintage are tabulated in Appendix
G.

An existing residential customer living near Poughkeepsie installs 0.5” fiberglass pipe
insulation on 20 feet of bare copper domestic hot water piping with a 1.00” diameter. The
home has electric water heating. Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual
Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑙 × ∆𝑇 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
(UA/L)baseline = 0.65, from baseline efficiency based on pipe material, size, and application
(UA/L)ee = 0.16, from compliance efficiency based on insulation material, thickness and pipe
size
Et,elec = 0.98, from Summary of Variables and Data
ΔT = Tpipe – Tamb = 125-70 = 55, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on
pipe application
hrs = 8,760, from Operating hours section based on pipe application
l = 20, from application
ElecSF = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
CF = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
(0.65 − 0.16)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 20 × 55 × 8,760 × 1.0 = 1,383.26 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.98 × 3,412
1,383.26
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1.0 = 0.16 𝑘𝑊
8,760

See Appendix P.



References
1. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B – Test Procedures, Appendix E – Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Energy Consumption of Water Heaters.
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=9624a8ba0987aaae248454c49194a661&mc=true&n=pt10.
3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
2. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B – Test Procedures, Appendix C1 - Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Energy Consumption of Dishwashers.
idx?SID=9acb5e05dd1d96230c64079cf0c03102&mc=true&node=pt10.3.430&rgn=div5
#ap10.3.430_127.c1
div8
4. 10 CFR 430 Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430 Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Energy Consumption of Water Heaters, Section 2. Test Conditions, 2.5 Set Point
Temperature.
idx?SID=80dfa785ea350ebeee184bb0ae03e7f0&mc=true&node=ap10.3.430_127.e&rgn
=div9
Atlantic States, February 2020.
Available from:
https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/hc/php/hc8.7.php
6. 3E Plus, NAIMA, Insulation Institute, Version 4.1.
Available from: https://insulationinstitute.org/tools-resources/free-3e-plus/
7. ECCCNYS 2020 R403.5.3 Hot water pipe insulation (Prescriptive). Available from:
https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-4-[re]-residential-energy-
efficiency#NYSECC2020P1_RE_Ch04_SecR402

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-15 7/31/2013
6-18-2 6/26/2018
12-20-1 12/31/2020
3-23-4 3/31/2023

INSULATION - OPAQUE SHELL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of wall, ceiling, rim joist, and/or floor insulation to reduce the
thermal conductance of the building envelope. Energy and demand savings are realized through
reductions in the building’s heating and cooling loads. Existing (baseline) and installed
(qualifying) shell R-values must be captured or estimated to evaluate energy savings. This measure
is only applicable to insulation of surfaces separating conditioned spaces from unconditioned
spaces or the exterior of the building. Ceiling insulation is applicable to surfaces between the top
conditioned floor and the roof. Insulation of a shared wall between two conditioned spaces or the
floor/ceiling separating conditioned spaces is not eligible.
This measure includes, but is not limited to, blown-in insulation in walls and ceilings and
application of rigid foam insulating boards or fiberglass to floors and rim joists. Cellulose is the
most common blown-in insulation material; other materials include mineral fiber, loose-fill
fiberglass, and Styrofoam pellets. Cellulose insulation is made from a cellular plant source, most
commonly wood or paper, and treated with fire and pest resistant chemicals. Cellulose insulation
is installed in three primary forms: loose-fill, stabilized and wall-cavity spray. Loose-fill insulation
is a dry install that is blown into joist cavities in uninsulated attics or applied over existing batts.
Stabilized cellulose is similar to loose-fill and applied in the same way but contains a moisture-
activated adhesive that serves to increase the density of the cellulose and limit settling. Wall-cavity
spray is typically applied prior to drywall installation in new construction, however insertion into
existing walls is possible.
This measure is only applicable as a retrofit in existing single and multi-family buildings. This
measure is not eligible for projects entailing alterations that trigger code. In those cases, more
stringent code provisions would serve as baseline, limiting potential incremental savings.
For applications involving insulation of multiple building envelope components (e.g., wall and
ceiling), evaluate each component separately via the method below and sum together to
determine total estimated energy savings.
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1 1
(𝑅 − 𝑅 ) × 𝐴 × (1 − 𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐶𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 + ∆𝑅
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
1,000 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅
1 1
(𝑅 −𝑅 ) × 𝐴 × (1 − 𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
1,000 × 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹

𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1 1
(𝑅 −𝑅 ) × 𝐴 × (1 − 𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
1,000,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
where:
ΔkWhcooling = Annual electric cooling energy savings
ΔkWhheating = Annual electric heating energy savings
Rbaseline = R-value of existing insulation (ft2-Fº-h/BTU)
∆R = Difference in R-value between baseline insulation and total post-implementation
insulation (ft2-Fº-h/BTU)
A = Area of insulated surfaces (ft2)
Fframing = Framing factor
FElecCool = Electric cooling factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an
electric cooling system
CDD = Cooling Degree Days - The number of degrees that a day's average temperature
is above some baseline temperature, which represents the temperature above
which buildings need to be cooled. The baseline temperature is typically 65°F,
but may vary based on application.
HDD = Heating Degree Days - The number of degrees that a day's average temperature
is below some baseline temperature, which represents the temperature below
which buildings need to be heated. The baseline temperature is typically 65°F,
FElecHeat = Electric heating factor, used to account for the presence or absence of an electric
heating system
FFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating factor, used to account for the presence or absence of a fossil
fuel heating system
SEER = Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season, BTU/watt-
hour, used for average U.S. location/region
HSPF = Heating seasonal performance factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output
(supply heat) in BTU (including supplemental heaters) during the heating
season / total electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour)
EffFuelHeat = Efficiency of fuel heating equipment (AFUE, Et, or Ec)
1,000 = Conversion factor, one kW equals 1,000 watts


From application. If unknown, follow guidance
provided in Baseline Efficiency section. Assume
Rbaseline default for uninsulated surfaces to be R-2 for floors /
ceilings and R-4 for walls / rim joists, per the pre-war
uninsulated brick vintage values in the table below.
∆R From application.
A From application.
Walls: 0.25
Ceilings: 0.07
Fframing Rim Joists: ASHRAE.170
0.05
Floors: 0.12
If an electric cooling system is present, set equal to 1.
FElecCool
Otherwise, set equal to 0.
Lookup based on location in Heating and Cooling
CDD
Degree Days table below.
Lookup based on location in Heating and Cooling
HDD
Degree Days table below.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is electrically heated.
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is fuel heated.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
From application. Use SEER2 rating if equipment has a
SEER SEER2 rating. If unknown use 13 SEER, assuming a
minimally code compliant, 3-ton, split system AC.171
From application. For equipment rated in HSPF2,
HSPF2 rating shall be used. If unknown use 8.2 HSPF,
assuming a 3-ton central ASHP system. 172 For electric
HSPF
resistance heating and electric furnaces, use 3.4 HSPF.
If taken from application, COP must be converted to
HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412.
From application. If unknown, lookup based on system
EffFuelHeat size and type in Baseline Efficiencies from which
Energy Savings are Calculated section below.
Lookup based on building type, vintage and location
EFLHcooling
from Appendix G.
CF 0.69
170
ASHRAE, 2001, “Characterization of Framing Factors for New Low-Rise Residential Building Envelopes (904-
RP),” Table 7.1.
171
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.2(1).
172
Ibid.



The baseline condition is a building envelope with insulation levels that are not compliant with all
current applicable construction code requirements. Because baseline for this measure is established
using assumed or existing insulation levels that are based on outdated codes and standards, there
is no distinction in the approach for baseline determination between market-rate and LMI
applications. R-value of existing insulation shall come from application. Because efficacy of
insulation is known to degrade over time, R-value adjustment factors are provided in the Insulation
Derating Allowances table below. The appropriate value shall be determined based on visual
inspection of the quality of existing insulation. If existing insulation cannot be visually inspected,
an Insulation Quality of “Good” shall be assumed.
Insulation Derating Allowances174

Insulation Quality Derate Factor
Good 0.82
Fair 0.60
Poor 0.23
In the case of removal of existing insulation, Rbaseline shall be set equal to the estimated existing
insulation R-value while Rbaseline + ΔR should be set equal to the sum of the new insulation R-value
and the R-value of an uninsulated surface (i.e., R-2 for floors / ceilings, R-4 for walls / rim joists).
If existing insulation R-value is unknown, lookup in the Existing Building Envelope R-value:
Walls and Ceilings table below based on building vintage and envelope component for walls and
ceilings and in the Existing Building Envelope R-value: Floors and Rim Joists table below based
on location and envelope component for floor and rim joist insulation. As an alternative to the
defaults presented in the tables below, R-3.1 per inch of existing insulation may be applied.175
Existing Building Envelope R-value: Walls and Ceilings

Vintage Wall Ceiling
Pre-war uninsulated brick176 4 2
173
TRM Management Committee.
174
Values taken from U.S DOE Home Energy Score Insulation Derate Calculator
(https://betterbuildingssolutioncenter.energy.gov/sites/default/files/Assessor%20Calculator%20v.020619.xlsx)
175
DOE, Energy Saver, Insulation Materials. Assumes “low-density” fiberglass batts for 2 by 4 inch stud-framed
wall (R-11/3.5 inch = R-3.1 per inch of insulation).
176
Wall insulation assumes three 4’’ brick layers; no insulation; 2’’ air gap resistance only, Ceiling assumes no
ceiling insulation, as captured in Appendix A of this TRM for Multi-Family Low-Rise.

Vintage Wall Ceiling

177
Prior to 1979 7 11
From 1979 through 2006178 11 19
38 (Climate Zones 4 & 5)
From 2007 through the present179 19
49 (Climate Zone 6)
Existing Building Envelope R-value: Floors and Rim Joists180

Location Rim Joist Floor
NYC 10 19
Outside NYC 15 30
The baseline efficiency for fossil fuel fired heating systems serving single-family homes and
individual units is the nameplate efficiency of the existing equipment. If unknown, the baseline
efficiency is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations as shown in the table below.
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
Boiler, Steam, Oil Fired All Capacities 0.82 AFUE
The baseline efficiency for heating systems serving multiple dwelling units is the nameplate
efficiency of the existing system. If unknown, the baseline efficiency is defined by International
Energy Conservation Code182 and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation Construction
Code of New York State (ECCCNYS) as shown in the table below.
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
177
Wall insulation assumes wood frame with siding; no insulation in 2 by 4 wall; 3.5 inch air gap resistance only,
Ceiling assumes Minimal ceiling insulation, as captured in Appendix A of this TRM for Multi-Family Low-Rise.
178
Wall insulation assumes wood frame with siding; Fiberglass insulation in 2 by 4 wall per MEC 1980, Ceiling
insulation assumes Fiberglass insulation per MEC 1980, as captured in Appendix A of this TRM for Multi-Family
Low-Rise.
179
ECCCNYS 2007 as captured in Appendix A of this TRM for Multi-Family Low-Rise.
180
IECC Table R402.1.2 Insulation and Fenestration Requirements by Component
181
10 CFR 430.32(e).
182

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et

The compliance condition is a residential opaque building shell with increased insulation meeting
or exceeding applicable construction code requirements. The installed R-value must be captured
and included in the program application.
Opaque shell insulation improvements performed under this measure shall be installed such that
all altered envelope components comply with all federal, state, local and municipal codes and
standards applicable to alterations to existing buildings, including but not limited to Section
R503.1 of ECCCNYS 2020183 requiring all existing ceiling, wall, and floor cavities exposed during
construction to be filled with insulation. Thermal envelope components not altered as part of this
measure (e.g., continuous insulation in wood-framed buildings) are not required to meet code for
compliance.
Operating Hours
Effective heating and cooling hours associated with benefits of opaque shell insulation are
established via the Heating and Cooling Degree Days section below.
183
ECCCNYS 2020, Section R503 Building Thermal Envelope.

Heating and Cooling Degree Days184

City HDD CDD
Albany 6,391 721
Binghamton 7,200 383
Buffalo 6,502 607
Massena 8,030 406
NYC 4,900 1,017
Poughkeepsie 6,026 745
Syracuse 6,625 618

An existing residential customer in a single-family home located near Binghamton with R-12
roof insulation in fair condition, a gas fired warm air furnace with an efficiency of 0.80 AFUE
and no cooling system is adding R-20 of blown-in loose fill cellulose insulation in 500 SF of
attic space. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
1 1
(𝑅 − 𝑅 ) × 𝐴 × (1 − 𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
Rbaseline = 12 x 0.60 = 7.2, from application, adjusted based on Insulation Derating Allowance
table from Baseline Efficiency section
ΔR = 20, from application
A = 500 SF, from application
Fframing = 0.07, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
HDD = 7,200, from Heating Degree Day table based on location from application
FFuelHeat = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table from HVAC system from
application
EffFuelHeat = 0.80 AFUE, from application
1 1
(7.2 − 7.2 + 20) × 500 × (1 − 0.07) × 7,200 × 24 × 1.0
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = = 10.26 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 × 0.80

See Appendix P.

measure algorithm in future revisions to the TRM. Rim joist insulation may yield additional
184
HDD/CDD taken from NCEI 1991-2020 climate normal using a 65 °F balance point.

savings resulting from improved air sealing between the first floor and an unconditioned
basement or crawlspace.

measure algorithm in future revisions to the TRM. Rim joist insulation may yield additional
savings resulting from improved air sealing between the first floor and an unconditioned
basement or crawlspace.
References
1. BG&E: Development of Residential Load Profile for Central Air Conditioners and
Heat Pumps.
2. ECCCNYS 2020 Section R402 Building Thermal Envelope.
3. ECCCNYS 2020 Section R403 Systems.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-4-[re]-
residential-energy-efficiency#NYSECC2020P1_RE_Ch04_SecR403
4. ECCCNYS 2020 Section R503 Alterations.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-5-re-
existing-buildings.
5. Building America House Simulation Protocols, Robert Henderon and Cheryn
Engebrecht, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, October 2010.
idx?SID=dfe00d44cfd9ab9ead4019d69702652a&mc=true&node=pt10.3.430&rgn=di
v5#se10.3.430_132
7. ASHRAE, 2001, “Characterization of Framing Factors for New Low-Rise Residential
Building Envelopes (904-RP),” Table 7.1.
Normals.
9. DOE, Energy Saver, Insulation Materials.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/weatherize/insulation/insulation-
materials#fiberglass
10. 2018 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) R402.1.2 Insulation and
Fenestration Criteria
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/iecc2018/chapter-4-re-residential-
energy-efficiency
11. U.S. DOE Home Energy Score for Insulation Deration adjustments.
Available from:
https://betterbuildingssolutioncenter.energy.gov/sites/default/files/Assessor%20Calcul
ator%20v.020619.xlsx

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-25 7/31/2013
7-13-38 7/31/2013
9-18-2 9/28/2018
3-19-2 3/29/2019
12-19-2 12/23/2019
12-20-2 12/31/2020
3-21-5 4/9/2021
7-21-5 8/30/2021
6-23-1 7/14/2023

WINDOW
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency windows with reduced thermal conductance
and optimal solar heat gain coefficient based on the climate at the project location. For the purposes
of this measure, a window is defined as an assembled unit consisting of a frame/sash component
holding one or more pieces of glazing functioning to admit light and/or air into an enclosure and
designed for a vertical installation in an external wall of a residential building.185 This measure is
only applicable to windows that serve as a barrier between conditioned spaces and outside air. This
method does not take into consideration the reduction in infiltration, changes in convective heat
transfer, or changes in solar heat gain. For a more holistic approach, a model-based savings
calculation is more appropriate.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
(𝑈𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑈𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐶𝐷𝐷 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 24
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 24
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 × ∆𝑇 × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 24
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 1,000,000
where:
Ubaseline = Measure of heat loss through baseline window (BTU/h-ft2-F)
Uee = Measure of heat loss through energy efficient window (BTU/h-ft2-F)
SF = Total glazing area of installed windows (ft2)
185
ENERGY STAR® Product Specification Residential Windows, Doors, and Skylights, Eligibility Criteria, V6.0,
January 2014.
186
US DOE Energy Savings Windows Worksheet.

EffElecCool = Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season, BTU/watt-hour,
using either SEER (<65,000 BTU/h) or IEER (>65,000BTU/h)
(supply heat) in BTU (including supplemental heaters) during the heating
season / total electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour)
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions (BTU/watt-hour)
EffFuelHeat = Efficiency of fossil fuel heating equipment (AFUE, Et, or Ec)
heating system
fuel heating system
ΔT = Difference in outdoor season design temperature and indoor setpoint temperature
24 = Conversion factor, one day equals 24 hours

From application. If unknown, use 0.879 for single-pane
and failed double-pane windows and 0.517 for intact
Ubaseline
double-pane windows.187 For new construction and gut
renovations, see Baseline Efficiencies section below.
Uee From application.
Lookup based on location in Operation Hours section
CDD
below.
Lookup based on location in Operation Hours section
HDD
below.
LBNL RESFEN6 Window Library. RESFEN6 programmed U-factors for single clear, non-metal frame and
187
double clear, non-metal frame applied.


From application. For equipment rated in SEER2,
SEER2 rating shall be used. If unknown, use 13 SEER,
EffElecCool
assuming a minimally code compliant, <5.4 ton, split
system AC.188
From application. For equipment rated in HSPF2, HSPF2
rating shall be used. If unknown, use 8.2 HSPF,
assuming a split system with <5.4 ton cooling capacity.
189
HSPF For electric resistance heating and electric furnaces,
use 3.4 HSPF. If taken from application, COP must be
converted to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x
3.412.
From application. For equipment rated in EER2, EER2
rating shall be used. If unknown, baseline EER is
EER
established as follows190:
𝐸𝐸𝑅 = (1.12 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅) − (0.02 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 2 )
From application. If unknown, lookup based on system
EffFuelHeat
size and type in Baseline Efficiencies section below.
FElecCool
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is fossil fuel heated.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
Difference between cooling season design temperature
∆T 20
(90ºF) and indoor set temperature (70ºF).
CF 0.69


The baseline characteristics of window replacement and new construction/gut renovation were
determined using defaults presented in LBNL’s RESFEN V6.0 software192 and New York State
188
189
Ibid.
190
US DOE, Building America House Simulation Protocols, October 2010; for equipment rated in SEER2, replace
SEER with SEER2 and EER with EER2 in the derivation formula.
191
192
LBNL RESFEN6 Window Library. RESFEN6 programmed U-factors for single clear, non-metal frame and
double clear, non-metal frame applied.

code 193 . Because existing conditions may be used as baseline for this measure, there is no
distinction in the approach for baseline determination between market-rate and LMI applications.
The baseline for window replacements (excluding entire building gut renovation) is a building
with windows having a U-value higher than the maximum code value based on climate zone.
For window replacement, existing conditions shall be used to determine baseline U-value and
fossil fuel heating system efficiencies. If unknown, U-value and fossil fuel heating system
efficiencies shall be established based on window type and heating equipment type/size,
respectively, per the tables below and Summary of Variables and Data Sources above. For new
construction, assume a code baseline window and the appropriate HVAC system type based on
design specifications.
Window Type U-Value

Single Pane/Failed Double Pane 0.879
Intact Double Pane 0.517
Code, Climate Zone 4 0.320
individual units is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations as shown in the table below.
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
The baseline efficiency for heating systems serving multiple dwelling units is defined by
International Energy Conservation Code195 and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation
Construction Code of New York State (ECCCNYS) as shown in the table below.
193
ECCCNYS 2020, Table R402.1.2.
194
10 CFR 430.32(e).
195

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et

Installed windows must meet the minimum compliance criteria required by V6.0 of the ENERGY
STAR® Residential Windows, Doors and Skylights Product Specification.196
Operating Hours
Effective heating and cooling hours associated with benefits of window upgrades are established
from Heating and Cooling Degree Days. Lookup Heating Degree Days and Cooling Degree Days
based on location from the table below.

City HDD CDD
Albany 6,391 721
196
January 2014.
197

City HDD CDD

Buffalo 6,502 607
Massena 8,030 406
NYC 4,900 1017
Syracuse 6,625 618

An existing residential customer near Albany installs high efficiency windows with a total
glazing area of 250 square feet and a U-value of 0.270, replacing single-pane windows with an
assumed U-value of 0.879. The home is heated with a 100 kBTU/h gas furnace and is cooled
via a split system AC with 13 SEER and 11 EER. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Annual
Fossil Fuel Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as
below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐶𝐷𝐷 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 24
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 24
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 × ∆𝑇 × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 24
Ubaseline = 0.879, based on existing single pane windows

Uee = 0.270, from application
SF = 250, from application
CDD = 721, based on location
HDD = 6,391, based on location
EffElecCool = 13, from application
EER = 11, from application
EffFuelHeat = 0.80, based on heating system type and capacity
FElecCool = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FElecHeat = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FFuelHeat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ΔT = 20, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

(0.879 − 0.270) × 250

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 721 × 1 × 24 = 202.66 𝑘𝑊ℎ
13 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 0 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 202.66 + 0 = 202.66 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(0.879 − 0.270) × 250

∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1 × 20 × 0.69 = 0.191 𝑘𝑊
11 × 1,000
(0.879 − 0.270) × 250

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 6,391 × 1 × 24 = 29.19 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 × 1,000,000

See Appendix P.

Ancillary fossil fuel savings impacts will be researched and incorporated into this measure
algorithm in future revisions to the TRM.

Ancillary electric savings impacts will be researched and incorporated into this measure
algorithm in future revisions to the TRM.
References
1. ENERGY STAR® Product Specification Residential Windows, Doors, and Skylights,
Eligibility Criteria, Version 6.0, January 2014.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ES_Final_V6_Residential_WDS_Spec.pdf
2. U.S. Department Of Energy; Energy Savings Windows Worksheet.
Available from:
https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/01/f7/energy_savings_windows_worksheet.xls
Pumps.
4. LBNL RESFEN6 for Calculating the Heating and Cooling Energy Use of Windows in
Residential Buildings, December 2012.
Available from: https://windows.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/Downloads/resfen60-user-
manual.pdf
5. ECCCNYS 2020, Table R402.1.2: Insulation and fenestration criteria.
residential-energy-efficiency

6. Building America House Simulation Protocols, Robert Hendron and Cheryn Engebrecht,
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, October 2010.
Available from:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/building_america/house_simul
ation_revised.pdf
430/subpart-C/section-430.32
8. ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.2(1): Minimum Efficiency Requirements: Electrically
Operated Unitary Air Conditioners and Condensing Units, Table C403.3.2(4): Warm-Air
Furnaces And Combination Warm-Air Furnaces/Air-Conditioning Units, Warm-Air Duct
Furnaces And Unit Heaters, Minimum Efficiency Requirements & Table C403.3.2(5):
Minimum Efficiency Requirements: Gas- And Oil-Fired Boilers.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-4-ce-
commercial-energy-efficiency
Normals.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-17-1 6/30/2017
9-19-1 9/27/2019
12-21-3 12/31/2021
6-22-15 9/2/2022

WINDOW – FILM
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of window film with reduced solar heat gain coefficient
applied to single pane or double pane clear glass windows. Windows with lower solar heat gain
coefficient reduce cooling loads within a conditioned space.
This measure is applicable to uncovered, single pane or double pane clear glass windows in
existing buildings only.
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )
100
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) × 𝐶𝐹
100
𝑆𝐹 (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ×
100 10
where:
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑚 × 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶𝑒𝑒 + (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑏
(∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑚 × 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶𝑒𝑒 + (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑏
(∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑚 × 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶𝑒𝑒 + (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑏
where:
SF = Total glazing area of installed windows (SF)
(kWh/100 SF) = Annual electric energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area
(kW/100 SF) = Peak coincident demand electric savings per 100 SF of window glazing
area
(therms/100 SF) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area
(∆kWh/100 SF)m = Annual electric energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area,
slope component
(∆kWh/100 SF)b = Annual electric energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area,

intercept component
(∆kW/100 SF)m = Peak coincident demand electric savings per 100 SF of window glazing
area, slope component
(∆kW/100 SF)b = Peak coincident demand electric savings per 100 SF of window glazing
area, intercept component
(∆therms/100 SF)m = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area,
slope component
(∆therms/100 SF)b = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area,
intercept component
SHGCee = Solar Heat Gain Coefficient of window after installation of window film
100 = Conversion from SF to 100 SF

Lookup based on location, window type and HVAC system
(∆kWh/100 SF)m
type Unit Energy and Demand Savings table below.
(∆kWh/100 SF)b
(∆kW/100 SF)m
(∆kWh100 SF)b
(∆therms/100 SF)m
(∆therms/100 SF)b
SHGCee From application.
CF 0.69
Unit Energy and Demand Savings

Unit energy and demand savings were derived based on linear regression analysis of results
comparing energy consumption and SHGC of various window configurations modeled via
LBNL’s RESFEN V6.0 software. When the software was run, Solar Gain Reduction was set to
typical. Typical shading is defined as: representing a statistically average solar gain reduction for
a generic house, this option includes: Interior shades (Seasonal SHGC multiplier, summer value
= 0.80, winter value = 0.90); 1' overhang; a 67% transmitting same-height obstruction 20' away
intended to represent adjacent buildings. To account for other sources of solar heat gain
reduction (insect screens, trees, dirt, building & window self-shading), the SHGC multiplier was
further reduced by 0.1. This results in a final winter SHGC multiplier of 0.8 and a final summer
SHGC multiplier of 0.7198. For additional detail on the derivation of these values, refer to the
“NY TRM Residential Window Film Supplement.xlsx” workbook.
198
LBNL RESFEN6 User Manual.

(ΔkWh/
Baseline HVAC (ΔkWh/ (ΔkW/ (ΔkW/ (Δtherms/ (Δtherms/
City 100
Window System 100 SF)b 100 SF)m 100 SF)b 100 SF)m 100 SF)b
SF)m
AC w/ Fuel
-458.43 300.42 -0.74 0.47 12.10 -7.61
Heat
Heat Pump 486.72 -295.07 -0.74 0.48 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Single- Resistance 1431.88 -890.56 -0.74 0.48 0.00 0.00
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.10 -7.61
Only
Resistance
1890.32 -1190.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
Albany
AC w/ Fuel
-447.82 268.99 -0.69 0.41 11.34 -6.52
Heat
Heat Pump 465.63 -250.06 -0.73 0.42 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Double- Resistance 1402.14 -776.04 -0.73 0.42 0.00 0.00
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.34 -6.52
Only
Resistance
1873.02 -1051.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only

(ΔkWh/
City 100
SF)m
AC w/ Fuel
-256.53 172.96 -0.94 0.59 13.34 -8.37
Heat
Heat Pump 802.22 -494.03 -0.94 0.59 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.34 -101.20
Only
Resistance
1649.75 -1039.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
Binghamton
AC w/ Fuel
-266.76 161.55 -0.98 0.54 13.24 -7.38
Heat
Heat Pump 778.47 -424.15 -0.98 0.54 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.24 -7.38
Only
Resistance
1630.05 -913.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
AC w/ Fuel
-390.58 259.11 -0.83 0.53 11.22 -7.04
Heat
Heat Pump 493.76 -298.43 -0.83 0.53 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.22 -7.04
Only
Resistance
1769.00 -1115.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
Buffalo
AC w/ Fuel
-405.59 230.14 -0.85 0.50 11.21 -2.74
Heat
Heat Pump 467.45 59.99 -0.85 0.50 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.21 -2.74
Only
Resistance
1746.09 -340.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only

(ΔkWh/
City 100
SF)m
AC w/ Fuel
-350.81 232.13 -0.73 -0.02 13.77 -8.67
Heat
Heat Pump 932.32 -579.05 -0.73 0.46 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.77 -8.67
Only
Resistance
1850.72 -1169.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
Massena
AC w/ Fuel
-357.16 213.05 -0.73 0.42 13.77 -7.69
Heat
Heat Pump 906.37 -497.96 -0.73 0.42 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.77 -7.69
Only
Resistance
1822.78 -1025.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
AC w/ Fuel
-548.72 356.72 -0.73 0.47 11.35 -7.14
Heat
Heat Pump 283.86 -167.99 -0.73 0.47 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.35 -7.14
Only
Resistance
1201.60 -756.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
NYC
AC w/ Fuel
-559.35 323.17 -0.75 0.42 11.28 -6.29
Heat
Heat Pump 268.83 -141.25 -0.75 0.42 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Double- Resistance 1097.02 -605.67 0.75 0.77 0.00 0.00
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.28 -6.29
Only
Resistance
1195.42 -669.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only

(ΔkWh/
City 100
SF)m
AC w/ Fuel
-503.58 328.57 -0.74 0.47 11.73 -7.38
Heat
Heat Pump 385.29 -231.53 -0.74 0.47 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.73 -7.38
Only
Resistance
1777.74 -1120.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
Poughkeepsie
AC w/ Fuel
-503.59 296.08 -0.72 0.41 11.31 -6.40
Heat
Heat Pump 367.23 -195.66 -0.74 0.42 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.31 -6.40
Only
Resistance
1764.70 -990.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
AC w/ Fuel
-371.71 243.85 -0.68 0.43 12.12 -7.60
Heat
Heat Pump 587.88 -360.43 -0.69 0.43 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.12 -7.60
Only
Resistance
1919.17 -1208.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only
Syracuse
AC w/ Fuel
-380.83 222.28 -0.69 0.39 11.98 -6.67
Heat
Heat Pump 562.40 -306.13 -0.69 0.39 0.00 0.00
AC w/
Pane Heat
Fuel Heat
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.98 -6.67
Only
Resistance
1885.57 -1056.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Heat Only

The recommended value for the coincidence factor is 0.69.199
199


The baseline condition is an existing, untreated, single pane clear glass window with an assumed
solar heat gain coefficient of 0.64 and U-value of 0.879 BTU/h- ft2- oF. or double pane clear glass
window with an assumed solar heat gain coefficient of 0.57 and U-value of 0.571 BTU/h- ft2- oF.200

The compliance condition is an existing window with added film with a solar heat gain coefficient
of 0.40 or less.201
Operating Hours
These operating hours assumptions are embedded in the RESFEN prototype models used to derive
energy and demand savings values. See the “NY TRM Residential Window Supplement.xlsx”
workbook and RESFEN V6.0 User’s Manual for additional detail.202 Operating hour assumptions
for the prototypical building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for C&I
buildings in NY by location, building type and vintage are tabulated in Appendix G.

An existing residential customer in Albany installs window film on 120 SF of single-pane,
clear glass windows to reduce the SHGC of their windows to 0.39. The building is equipped
with central air conditioning and gas heat. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak
Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )
100
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) × 𝐶𝐹
100
100 10
where:
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑚 × 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶𝑒𝑒 + (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑏
(∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑚 × 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶𝑒𝑒 + (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑏
(∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑚 × 𝑆𝐻𝐺𝐶𝑒𝑒 + (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )𝑏
(ΔkWh/100SF)m = -458.43, from Unit Energy and Demand Savings table based on baseline
window, HVAC system and City
200
RESFEN6.0 defaults for single-pane and double-pane window type.
201
ECCCNYS 2020, Table R402.1
202
LBNL RESFEN6 for Calculating the Heating and Cooling Energy Use of Windows in Residential Buildings,
December 2012.

(ΔkW/100SF)m = -0.74, from Unit Energy and Demand Savings table based on baseline
(Δtherms/100SF)m = 12.10, from Unit Energy and Demand Savings table based on baseline
(ΔkWh/100SF)b = 300.42, from Unit Energy and Demand Savings table based on baseline
(ΔkW/100SF)b = 0.47, from Unit Energy and Demand Savings table based on baseline
(Δtherms/100SF)b = -7.61, from Unit Energy and Demand Savings table based on baseline
SHGCee = 0.39, from application
CF = 0.69, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = −458.43 × 0.39 + 300.42 = 121.63
(∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = −0.74 × 0.39 + 0.47 = 0.18
(∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) = 12.10 × 0.39 + −7.61 = −2.89
120
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 121.63 = 145.96 𝑘𝑊ℎ
100
120
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.18 × 0.69 = 0.15 𝑘𝑊
100
120 −2.89
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × = −0.35 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
100 10

See Appendix P.


References

1. ECCCNYS 2020, Table R402.1 Insulation and Fenestration Requirements by

Components.
residential-energy-efficiency ccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-4-ce-
2. BG&E, Development of Residential Load Profile for Central Air Conditioners and Heat
Pumps.
manual.pdf
4. LBNL RESFEN6 User Manual.
manual.pdf
Record of Revision
7-21-6 8/30/2021
3-23-7 3/31/2023

WINDOW - LOW-E STORM

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of storm windows with low-emissivity (low-e) glass on
existing single or double pane windows. Low-e windows are designed to allow the optimal amount
of solar heat through windows and lower infiltration rates to reduce passive convective heat
transfer between conditioned and unconditioned spaces or outside air, thereby reducing heating
and cooling loads and improving occupant comfort. Energy and demand saving are realized
through reductions in the building’s heating and cooling loads.
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )
100
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) × 𝐶𝐹
100
100 10
where:
(kWh/100 SF) = Annual electric energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area
area

Lookup in table below based on location, window
(∆kWh/100 SF)
configuration and HVAC type.
(∆kW/100 SF)


(∆therms/100 SF)
CF 0.69
Unit Energy and Demand Savings

Unit energy and demand savings were derived using LBNL’s RESFEN V6.0 software. For
additional detail on the derivation of these values, refer to the “NY TRM Residential Low-E Storm
Window Supplement.xlsx” workbook.
Baseline kWh/ kW/ therms/

City HVAC System
Window 100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
AC w/ Fuel heat 57 0.16 72.8
Heat Pump 745 0.16 0.0
Single-
AC w/ Resistance Heat 1,432 0.16 0.0
Pane
Fuel Heat Only 0 0.00 72.8
Resistance Heat Only 1,374 0.00 0.0
Albany
AC w/ Fuel Heat 52 0.11 32.5
Heat Pump 364 0.11 0.0
Double-
AC w/ Resistance Heat 677 0.11 0.0
Pane
Resistance Heat Only 625 0.00 0.0
AC w/ Fuel Heat 30 0.18 80.7
Heat Pump 810 0.18 0.0
Single-
Pane
Binghamton
AC w/ Fuel Heat 30 0.13 35.7
Heat Pump 379 0.13 0.0
Double-
Pane
AC w/ Fuel Heat 47 0.18 75.7
Heat Pump 758 0.18 0.0
Single-
Pane
Buffalo
AC w/ Fuel Heat 44 0.12 33.7
Heat Pump 361 0.12 0.0
Double-
Pane

Baseline kWh/ kW/ therms/

City HVAC System
Window 100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
AC w/ Fuel Heat 46 0.17 83.3
Heat Pump 1,058 0.17 0.0
Single-
Pane
Massena
AC w/ Fuel Heat 42 0.11 37.5
Heat Pump 502 0.11 0.0
Double-
Pane
AC w/ Fuel Heat 70 0.19 57.0
Heat Pump 531 0.19 0.0
Single-
Pane
NYC
AC w/ Fuel Heat 61 0.13 23.8
Heat Pump 259 0.13 0.0
Double-
Pane
AC w/ Fuel Heat 64 0.18 64.9
Heat Pump 638 0.18 0.0
Single-
Pane
Poughkeepsie
AC w/ Fuel Heat 56 0.12 28.1
Heat Pump 312 0.12 0.0
Double-
Pane
Fuel heat Only 0 0.00 28.1
AC w/ Fuel heat 49 0.14 74.0
Heat Pump 771 0.14 0.0
Single-
Pane
Syracuse
AC w/ Fuel Heat 43 0.10 33.1
Heat Pump 366 0.10 0.0
Double-
Pane



The baseline case for this measure is a single or double-pane window unit with clear glass without
storm windows.
Unit energy and demand savings were derived using LBNL’s RESFEN V6.0 software. Single and
two-story houses were modeled assuming glazing area equal to 15% of total home floor area. The
homes were modeled for the cities both without storm windows and with low-e storm windows
with different emissivity ratings. The analysis assumes an equal weighting between three low-E
storm window glass options. For reference, the Emissivity, Solar Transmission, U-factor and Solar
Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) of the modeled baseline and low-e storm windows are shown in
the table below.
Window Solar
Glass Options (3 mm) Emissivity U-factor SHGC
Type Transmission
AGC Comfort Select 73 0.15 0.69 0.356 0.458
Low-E Guardian IS20 0.20 0.77 0.364 0.502
PPG Sungate 500 0.22 0.69 0.367 0.468
For additional detail on the derivation of per unit savings values, refer to the “NY TRM Residential
Low-E Storm Window Supplement.xlsx” workbook.

The compliance case is a single or double-pane window unit fitted with low-e storm windows
installed outside or inside the window unit. Installed storm windows must meet the minimum
compliance criteria required by V1.0 of the ENERGY STAR® Exterior and Interior Storm
Windows Product Specification.204 To qualify, installed storm windows must meet the following
specifications:
Emissivity: ≤ 0.22
Solar Transmittance: > 0.55
Air Leakage (Exterior Storm Windows): ≤ 1.5 CFM/SF
Air Leakage (Interior Storm Windows): ≤ 0.5 CFM/SF
203
204
ENERGY STAR® Product Specification Exterior and Interior Storm Windows, V1.0, September 2018.

Operating Hours
These operating hours assumptions are embedded in the RESFEN prototype models used to derive
energy and demand savings values. See the “NY TRM Residential Window Supplement.xlsx”
workbook and RESFEN V6.0 User’s Manual for additional detail.205 Operating hour assumptions
for the prototypical building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for C&I
buildings in NY by location, building type and vintage are tabulated in Appendix G.

An existing residential customer in Albany installs low-e storm windows on existing single-
pane windows in a home with gas heating and no electric cooling. The glazing area of the
installed windows is 168 SF. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident
Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as
below.
100 10
SF = 168 SF
Δtherms/100SF = 72.8, from Unit Energy and Demand Savings table based on city, baseline
window, and HVAC type from application
168 (72.8)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × = 12.23 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
100 10

See Appendix P.


LBNL RESFEN6 for Calculating the Heating and Cooling Energy Use of Windows in Residential Buildings,
205
December 2012.

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Product Specification Exterior and Interior Storm Windows Eligibility
Criteria, Version 1.0, September 2018.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/Storm%20Window%20Product%20Specifi
cation_Final_0.pdf
Pumps.
manual.pdf
Record of Revision
9-19-2 9/27/2019

WINDOW – PLASTIC INSULATION

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of plastic window insulation film covering the interior side of
a window frame. The film is sealed around the frame with adhesive tape, preventing air drafts from
coming through the window sashes into the dwelling, and creates an insulating air gap between
the window glass and the plastic film. This gap can only be achieved if the film is maintained
without any cuts or slits. The reduced air infiltration and thermal conduction saves energy by
decreasing heating loads on the dwelling’s heating systems.
This measure claims only energy savings from heating a dwelling since it is assumed that the
plastic window insulation is removed outside of the heating season to allow the windows to be
opened.
1 1
( − ) × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤
𝑅𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤 𝑅𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤 + 𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝐶𝑂𝑃 × 3,412
1 1
( − ) × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
where:
units = Number of windows insulated
HDD = Heating Degree Days - The number of degrees that a day's average
temperature is below some baseline temperature, which represents the
temperature below which buildings need to be heated. The baseline
temperature is typically 65°F but may vary based on application.
Rwindow = R-value of existing windows (h-ft2-F/Btu)
Rinsulation = R-value added as a result of plastic window insulation (h-ft2-F/Btu)
SF = Glazing area of impacted window (ft2)
AdjWindow = Adjustment for wall insulation
COP = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy (at
AHRI standard high-temperature rating conditions)
FElecHeat = Electric heating factor, used to account for the presence or absence of an

electric heating system

FFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating factor, used to account for the presence or absence of
a fossil fuel heating system
1.08 = Specific heat of air x density of inlet air @ 70ºF x 60 min/hr, in BTU/h-
ºF-CFM206

units From application
Lookup from table below based on location.207 For
HDD
midstream programs, use 6,147.208
Rwindow 1.13 Derived based on values found in Appendix A.209
Rinsulation 1.74 Based on values referenced from Inspectapedia.210
AdjWindow 0.63 Home Energy Services Impact Evaluation.211
SF From application, otherwise use 6 square feet.212
COP From application, otherwise use 3.22.213
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
EffFuelHeat From application, otherwise use 0.78.214
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is fuel heated.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.


The baseline condition is a window that does not have plastic window insulation installed.
206
207
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – NCEI 1991-2020 Climate Normals.
208
NYSERDA Monthly Cooling and Heating Degree Day Data.
209
Appendix A, dividing 1 by the U value of an average single-family detached home.
210
Inspectapedia air gap R value of 0.87 per inch, assuming 2 inches air gap between interior glazing surface and
front of interior window frame trim.
211
Home Energy Services Impact Evaluation, CADMUS Group, August 2012.
212
Average Window Size – homedit.com
213
E-mail response from ICF regarding the average COP of residential heat pumps installed with NY Clean Heat
Incentives, 11/1/2022.
214
Appendix A heating efficiency for single-family detached homes.


The compliance condition is the installation of plastic window insulation onto an existing window.
The window insulation kit must include instructions for proper installation.
Operating Hours
Effective heating and cooling hours associated with benefits of plastic window insulation are
established via the Heating Degree Days presented below.

City HDD CDD
Albany 6,391 721
Buffalo 6,502 607
Massena 8,030 406
NYC 4,900 1017
Syracuse 6,625 618

An existing residential customer in Albany installs plastic window insulation on 5 windows
measuring 24 inches by 36 inches. The building is equipped with a heat pump with an average
seasonal COP of 3.2. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand
1 1
( − ) × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑊𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝐶𝑂𝑃 × 3,412
where:
Rwindow = 1.13, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Rinsulation = 1.74, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
SF = (24 inches x 36 inches)/(144 inches/1 ft2) = 6 ft2
HDD = 6,391, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
AdjWindow = 0.63, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
COP = 3.2, from application
FElecHeat = 1, from application
215

1 1
(1.13 − 1.13 + 1.74) × 6 × 6,391 × 24 × 0.63
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 5 × × 1.0 = 142.45 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3.2 × 3,412

1 year is assumed to be the EUL since plastic window insulation comes in the form of single-use
kits that are disposed of when the heating season ends.
See Appendix P.


References
Normals
2. NYSERDA Monthly Cooling and Heating Degree Day Data, New York State –
Statewide Total Degree Day Normal values for both Heating and Cooling Degree
Days:
Available from: Monthly Cooling and Heating Degree Day Data - NYSERDA
3. E-mail response from ICF regarding the average COP of residential heat pumps
installed with NY Clean Heat Incentives, 11/1/2022
4. Average Window Size – homedit.com
Available from: Standard Window Sizes For Every Home (homedit.com)
5. Home Energy Services Impact Evaluation, Part of the Massachusetts Residential
Retrofit and Low Income Program Area Evaluation, Cadmus Group, Page 63, Table
71.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/Home-Energy-Services-
Impact-Evaluation-Report_Part-of-the-Massachusetts-2011-Residential-Retrofit-and-
Low-Income-Program-Area-Evaluation.pdf
6. Inspectapedia R and U Values for Air Film in the Winter
Available from: R-Values of Materials: Insulation Material R-Values & RSI-Values
(inspectapedia.com)

Record of Revision
6-23-2 7/14/2023

DOMESTIC HOT WATER
HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER (HPWH) – AIR SOURCE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of electric storage tank water heaters that use heat pump
technology to move heat from the air (in conditioned or unconditioned spaces) to the water storage
tank and are designed to heat and store potable water at a thermostatically controlled temperature
of less than 180°F. It is not intended for equipment delivering process or space heating hot water.
It applies to electric heat pump water heaters with a maximum current rating of 24 amperes at a
voltage no greater than 250 volts and with a rated storage tank capacity of 120 gallons or less.216,217
This measure applies to new construction/major renovation projects and replacement of existing
water heaters. Baseline equipment in new construction/major renovation shall be a minimally code
compliant, gas-fired storage type water heater where gas service is available and a minimally code
compliant, electric storage type water heater elsewhere. Baseline efficiency for replacement of
equipment shall be a minimally code compliant system of the same type as the existing equipment.
This measure applies to residential applications as well as residential-duty water heaters installed
in commercial settings. In the latter case, this methodology shall be employed utilizing typical
GPD values as defined in the “Gallons per Day (GPD)” section of the Commercial Storage Tank
Water Heater measure detailed in this document.
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝐹𝑒𝐷𝐻𝑊 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒 × 𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
+ ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 − ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 𝐹𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐹𝐿𝑜𝑐 ×
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 ⁄3.412
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐹𝐿𝑜𝑐 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒
𝐹𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
×
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 ⁄3.412
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)
216
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Residential Water Heaters, Eligibility
Criteria Version 3.2, September 2017.
217
10 CFR 430.2.

𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛

1,000,000
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐻𝑊 𝐹𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟𝐷𝐻𝑊 1 𝐹𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
×[ + −( × 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑐 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × )]
𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸
where:
ΔkWhcooling = Annual electric cooling energy savings as a result of interactivity with the
building’s HVAC system (electric cooling bonus)
ΔkWhheating = Annual electric heating energy savings as a result of interactivity with the
building’s HVAC system (electric heating penalty)
GPD/unit = Gallons per day of delivered hot water per HPWH
Tmain = Average temperature difference between water heater set point temperature and
the supply water temperature in water main (°F)
FeDHW = Electric water heating factor, used to exclude baseline electric water heating
consumption if no baseline electric water heating is present
FFFDHW = Fossil fuel water heating factor, used to exclude baseline fossil fuel water heating
consumption if no baseline fossil fuel fired direct water heating is present
FBoilerDHW = Fossil fuel water heating factor, used to exclude baseline fossil fuel water heating
consumption if no baseline fossil fuel fired boiler-driven indirect water heating
is present
UEF = Uniform energy factor
Fderate = Efficiency derating factor used to account for the degradation of heat pump
performance present in systems installed in unconditioned spaces
FLoc = Installation location factor, used to exclude interactive HVAC impacts for
systems installed in unconditioned spaces
FCool = Cooling factor, used to account for the percentage of heat extracted from ambient
air by the heat pump water heater that reduces space cooling load
FHeat = Heating factor, used to account for the percentage of heat extracted from ambient
air by the heat pump water heater that increases space heating load
FElecHeat = Electric heating factor, used to exclude electric heating penalty if no electric
heating is present
FFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating factor, used to exclude fossil fuel heating penalty if no fossil
fuel heating is present
SEER = Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season, BTU/watthour,
(used for average U.S. location/region)
(supply heat) in BTU (including electric heat) during the heating season / total
electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour)

AFUE = Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal energy efficiency for fuel heating
equipment
(ΔkW/unit) = Deemed peak coincident demand savings per measure
365 = Days in one year
8.33 = Specific heat of water; energy required (BTU), to heat one gallon of water by
one degree Fahrenheit [BTU/(gal-F)]
3.412 = Conversion factor, one watt-hour equals 3.412 BTU

Calculated based on number of people served by the
17.2 X # of people / system. If unknown, use 46 GPD multiplied by the
GPD/unit
units number of households and divided by the number of
units installed. 218
Average temperature difference between water heater
Tmain Tset - Tmain set point temperature and the supply water temperature
in water main (°F).
Tset 125 Water heater set point temperature (°F).219
Supply water temperature in water main (°F). Lookup
Tmain in Cold Water Inlet Temperature table below based on
nearest city.
Use a value of 1.0 if the water was previously heated
FeDHW with electricity or if it is a new construction home with
no gas access. Otherwise, use 0.0.
FFFDHW directly with fossil fuels or if it is a new construction
home with gas access. Otherwise, use 0.0.
FBoilerDHW indirectly with fossil fuels through the boiler system.
Otherwise, use 0.0.
Uniform Energy Factor of the baseline condition. See
UEFbaseline Baseline Efficiencies… section below for details
regarding derivation of this input.
Uniform Energy Factor of the energy efficient measure,
UEFee
from application.
218
Water Research Foundation: Residential End Uses of Water, Version 2, April 2016, pg. 5; 17.2 GPD equated
from the report findings indicating an average 2.65 people per household and 45.5 GPD per household.
219


For equipment installed in unconditioned spaces,
lookup in Derate Factor table below based on
Fderate installation location and nearest city. For equipment
installed in conditioned spaces, a value of 1.0 shall be
used.
Use a value of 1.0 if the water heater is installed in a
FLoc
conditioned space. Otherwise, use 0.0.
Lookup in HVAC Interactivity table below based on
FCool
nearest city.
Lookup in HVAC Interactivity table below based on
FHeat
nearest city.
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
Assumed efficiency of existing air conditioning system,
SEER 13 based on a minimally code compliant, 3-ton, split
system AC.220
Assumed efficiency of electric heating system, based on
Heat Pump: 8.2
a COP of 1.0 for electric resistance heating and a
HSPF Electric Resistance:
minimally code compliant, 3-ton split system HP for
3.412
heat pumps.221
From application. If unknown, lookup from Baseline
Efficiencies section based on existing equipment type.
AFUE
For new construction/gut rehab or if equipment type is
unknown, assume an 80 MBH gas furnace.
Deemed Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings.
with electricity in replacement scenarios and if there is
(ΔkW/unit)
no gas service available in new construction/gut rehab
scenarios.222 Otherwise, use -0.17 for an electric
penalty.223
Cold Water Inlet Temperature (Tmain)

Supply water main temperatures vary according to climate, and are approximately equal to the
annual average outdoor temperature plus 6F.224 Supply main temperatures based on the annual
outdoor temperature are shown below.
220
221
222
"Field Testing of Pre-Production Prototype Heat Pump Water Heaters” Federal Energy Management Program,
DOE/EE-0317, May 2007.
223
“CT HVAC and Water Heater Process and Impact Evaluation and CT Heat Pump Water Heater Impact
Evaluation”, West Hill Energy and Computing, Final Report R1614/R1613, July 19, 2018.
224
Burch, Jay and Christensen, Craig, “Towards Development of an Algorithm for Mains Water Temperature.”
National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Annual average outdoor

City Tmain (F)
temperature225 (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Binghamton 46.8 52.8
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Poughkeepsie 50.9 56.9
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Derate Factor
Standard testing conditions for rating of heat pump water heaters require a dry bulb temperature
of 67.5°F ± 1°F and a relative humidity of 50% ±2%.226 The reported efficiency of heat pump
water heaters is established at these conditions; however, heat pump efficiency degrades at lower
ambient temperatures. The Derate Factor is established to adjust the published efficiency of the
qualifying heat pump water heater when the system is installed in semi-conditioned or
unconditioned spaces, namely, garages and basements. The values shown below were derived
from Table 10 of Residential Heat Pump Water Heater Evaluation: Lab Testing & Energy Use
Estimates published by Bonneville Power Administration in 2011227 and verified via comparison
with results from the 2013 NEEA Heat Pump Water Heater Field Study Report.228 Average
values from northwest heating zones 1 (<6,000 HDD), 2 (6,000 – 7,500 HDD) and 3 (>7,500
HDD)229 from this analysis and comparison were then mapped to representative NY climate
regions as shown below.
Fderate
Fderate
City (Unconditioned Basement
(Garage Installation)
Installation)
Albany 0.80 0.78
Buffalo 0.80 0.78
Massena 0.75 0.69
NYC 0.86 0.83
Syracuse 0.80 0.78
HVAC Interactivity
Because heat pump water heaters operate via the transfer of heat from the ambient air to the water
in the storage tank, systems installed in conditioned spaces will interact with the building’s HVAC
225
Average annual outdoor temperatures taken from NCDC 1991-2020 climate normals.
226
10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E.
227
Residential Heat Pump Water Heater Evaluation: Lab Testing & Energy Use Estimates, Bonneville Power
Administration, November 2011.
228
NEEA Heat Pump Water Heater Field Study Report, Fluid Market Strategies, October 2013.
229
NW Council Heating/Cooling zone maps.

system. The values shown in the table below reflect the percentage of heat extracted from the
ambient air by the heat pump that either decreases the building’s cooling load (FCool) or increases
the building’s heating load (FHeat). These values were derived from Table 12 of Residential Heat
Pump Water Heater Evaluation: Lab Testing & Energy Use Estimates published by Bonneville
Power Administration in 2011230 and key operating assumptions specified therein. Average values
from northwest heating zones 1 (<6,000 HDD), 2 (6,000 – 7,500 HDD) and 3 (>7,500 HDD)231
were then mapped to representative NY climate regions and scaled linearly based on regional HDD
and CDD. The HDD and CDD values are based on 30-year averages of U.S annual climate normals
between 1981 and 2010 using base 65° F.232
City CDD FCool HDD FHeat

Albany 721 0.26 6,391 0.70
Binghamton 383 0.17 7,200 0.76
Buffalo 607 0.24 6,502 0.70
Massena 406 0.16 8,030 0.84
Poughkeepsie 1017 0.29 4,900 0.65
NYC 745 0.51 6,026 0.49
Syracuse 618 0.25 6,625 0.70

The recommended value for the coincidence factor is N/A. Deemed demand savings values
incorporate system peak coincidence considerations.

The baseline for a non-fuel switching normal replacement at end of the appliance effective useful
life (EUL), in new construction, or substantial renovation scenarios is the minimally-compliant
state or municipal energy code or federal standard, that is applicable to the measure or system
being installed.
The baseline for a fuel switching installation at the end of the appliance effective useful life is the
minimally-compliant, state or municipal energy code or federal standard, that is applicable to the
measure or system, similar to the existing measure or system, that the consumer would have had
installed without the influence of the energy efficiency program.
The baseline for a system being installed prior to the end of useful life of the existing on-site
equipment may be considered as an Early Replacement; consistent with methods described in
Appendix M, Guidelines for Early Replacement of this TRM. The non-fuel switching and fuel
switching baselines detailed above shall be considered where applicable when calculating
Remaining Useful Life (RUL).
230
Residential Heat Pump Water Heater Evaluation: Lab Testing & Energy Use Estimates, Bonneville Power
Administration, November 2011.
231
NW Council Heating/Cooling zone maps.
232
HDD/CDD taken from NCEI 1991-2020 climate normals.

For LMI applications, existing condition baseline shall be established based on nameplate
efficiency or efficiency measured through combustion analysis.
UEFbaseline shall be calculated as a function of qualifying equipment tank volume (vt) per federal
standards 233 as shown in the table below, using the qualifying equipment capacity and draw
pattern. Draw pattern can be established based on the proposed equipment First Hour Rating
(FHR), rated in gallons. See First Hour Rating vs. Draw Pattern table below. If FHR is unknown,
a Medium draw pattern should be assumed for equipment with rated storage capacity ≤50 gallons
and a High draw pattern should be assumed otherwise.234
Rated Storage Volume Draw

Product Class UEFbaseline
and Input Rating Pattern
Very Small 0.8808 - (0.0008 x vt)
Low 0.9254 - (0.0003 x vt)
≥ 20 gal and ≤ 55 gal
Medium 0.9307 - (0.0002 x vt)
Electric Storage High 0.9349 - (0.0001 x vt)
Water Heater Very Small 1.9236 - (0.0011 x vt)
Low 2.0440 - (0.0011 x vt)
> 55 gal and ≤ 120 gal
Medium 2.1171 - (0.0011 x vt)
High 2.2418 - (0.0011 x vt)
Very Small 0.3456 – (0.0020 x vt)
Low 0.5982 – (0.0019 x vt)
Medium 0.6483 – (0.0017 x vt)
Gas-Fired Storage High 0.6920 – (0.0013 x vt)
Water Heater Very Small 0.6470 – (0.0006 x vt)
Low 0.7689 – (0.0005 x vt)
Medium 0.7897 – (0.0004 x vt)
High 0.8072 – (0.0003 x vt)
Very Small 0.2509 – (0.0012 x vt)
Oil-Fired Storage Low 0.5330 – (0.0016 x vt)
≤ 50 gal
Water Heater Medium 0.6078 – (0.0016 x vt)
High 0.6815 – (0.0014 x vt)
*vt = tank volume in gallons
First Hour Rating vs. Draw Pattern235

First Hour Rating Draw Pattern
<18 gallons Very Small
≥18 and <51 gallons Low
≥51 and <75 gallons Medium
≥75 gallons High
233
10 CFR 430.32(d).
234
Based on review of typical usage bins for AHRI certified residential water heating equipment.
(https://www.ahridirectory.org/ahridirectory/pages/home.aspx)
235
10 CFR 429.17.

ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
Boiler, Steam, Oil Fired < 300 kBTU/h 0.82 AFUE
236
10 CFR 430.32(e).
237

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et

The compliance condition is a heat pump water heater meeting minimum performance
requirements specified in ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for
Residential Water Heaters, Eligibility Criteria Version 3.2.238 Per that specification, heat pump
water heaters with ≤55 gallon storage capacity must have a UEF ≥ 2.00 and heat pump water
heaters with >55 gallon storage capacity must have UEF ≥2.20.
Operating Hours
Water heater run hours are not utilized in the estimation of energy or demand savings, but water
heater is assumed to be available for operation 8,760 hours per year.

A 40-gallon heat pump water heater replaces an existing gas-fired storage water heater in a
single family detached home located near Albany with 3 residents. The heat pump water
heater has a UEF of 3.5 and a first hour rating of 60 gallons per hour. The water heater is
installed in the home’s conditioned utility closet, and the home’s gas heating system has an
AFUE of 80%. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝐹𝑒𝐷𝐻𝑊 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒 × 𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒
+ ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 − ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐹𝐿𝑜𝑐
𝐹𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
×
𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 ⁄3.412
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐹𝐿𝑜𝑐 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝐹𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
×
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 ⁄3.412
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)
238
Criteria Version 3.2, September 2017.

𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛

1,000,000
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐻𝑊 𝐹𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟𝐷𝐻𝑊 1 𝐹𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
×[ + −( × 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑐 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × )]
𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸

GPD/unit = 17.2 x # of residents/1 = 17.2 x 3/1 = 51.6
GPD/unit equation based on Summary of Variables and Data Source table
# of residents from application
∆Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 125 – 55.4 = 69.6
Tset from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Tmain from Cold Water Inlet Temperature lookup table based on location from
application
FeDHW = 0, from Summary of Variable and Data Sources table based on baseline DHW fuel
source from application
UEFee = 3.5, from application
Fderate = 1, from Summary of Variable and Data Sources table based on location from
application
FLoc = 1, from Summary of Variable and Data Sources based on location from application
Fcool = 0.26, from HVAC Interactivity section based on location from application
SEER = 13, from Summary of Variable and Data Sources table
FElecHeat = 0, from Summary of Variable and Data Sources table based on location from
application
HSPF = N/A, from application
(∆kW/unit) = -0.17, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on existing
water heating system fuel from application
FFFDHW = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on existing water
heating system from application
UEFbaseline = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x vt) = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x 40) = 0.5803
UEFbaseline equation lookup from Baseline Efficiencies section based on Product Class
from baseline application and Rated Storage Volume and Draw Pattern from
compliance equipment from application, where Draw Pattern is determined by
the First Hour Rating based on application
vt from application of compliance equipment
FBoilerDHW = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on existing water
heating system from application
FHeat = 0.70, from HVAC Interactivity section based on location from application
AFUE = 0.80, from application
51.6 × 365 × 8.33 × 69.6 1 0.26

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 1 × × ×1× = 62.40 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412 3.5 13⁄3.412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 0
51.6 × 365 × 8.33 × 69.6 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × (0 − ) + 62.40 − 0 = −851.97 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412 3.5 × 1

∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × (−0.17) = −0.17 𝑘𝑊
51.6 × 365 × 8.33 × 69.6 1 1 0.7

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × ×[ +0−( ×1×1× )]
1,000,000 0.5803 3.5 0.8
= 16.1 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

Heat pump water heaters installed in conditioned spaces will result in an increase in space heating
load due to the extraction of heat from the ambient air. This interactivity is addressed in the
prescribed methodology.

Heat pump water heaters installed in conditioned spaces will result in an increase in space heating
load and a decrease in cooling load due to the extraction of heat from the ambient air. This
interactivity is addressed in the prescribed methodology.
References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Residential Water
Heaters, Eligibility Criteria Version 3.2, September 2017.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/Water%20Heaters%20Draf
t%20Version%203.2_Specification.pdf
idx?rgn=div8&node=10:3.0.1.4.18.1.9.2
3. Water Research Foundation: “Residential End Uses of Water, Version 2: Executive
Report”, April 2016.
Available from: https://www.waterrf.org/research/projects/residential-end-uses-water-
version-2
Temperature.
=div9
5. AHRI Directory of Certified Product Performance.
Available from: https://www.ahridirectory.org/ahridirectory/pages/home.aspx

6. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.3.2(1): Minimum Efficiency Requirements: Electrically

Operated Unitary Air Conditioners and Condensing Units, Table C403.3.2(2): Minimum
Efficiency Requirements: Electrically Operated Unitary and Applied Heat Pumps, Table
C403.3.2(4): Warm-Air Furnaces and Combination Warm-Air Furnaces/Air-
Conditioning Units, Warm-Air Duct Furnaces and Unit Heaters, Minimum Efficiency
Requirements, & Table C403.3.2(5): Minimum Efficiency Requirements: Gas- And Oil-
Fired Boilers.
div8
8. "Field Testing of Pre-Production Prototype Heat Pump Water Heaters” Federal Energy
Management Program, DOE/EE-0317, May 2007.
Available from:
https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/01/f7/heat_pump_water_heater_testing.pdf
9. “CT HVAC and Water Heater Process and Impact Evaluation and CT Heat Pump Water
Heater Impact Evaluation”, West Hill Energy and Computing, Final Report
R1614/R1613, July 19, 2018.
Available from: https://www.energizect.com/sites/default/files/R1614-
1613_ResHVAC_Report_Final_8.29.18.pdf
10. Burch, Jay and Craig Christensen; “Towards Development of an Algorithm for Mains
Water Temperature.” National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Available from:
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download;jsessionid=05D73BA6EF5ECCF71969D0
83FB317991?doi=10.1.1.515.6885&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Normals.
3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
13. “Residential Heat Pump Water Heater Evaluation: Lab Testing & Energy Use Estimates”,
Bonneville Power Administration, November 2011.
Available from:
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.401.3815&rep=rep1&type=pdf
14. NEEA Heat Pump Water Heater Field Study Report, Fluid Market Strategies, October
2013.
Available from: https://neea.org/img/uploads/heat-pump-water-heater-field-study-
report.pdf

15. NW Council Heating/Cooling Zone Maps.

Available from:
https://www.bpa.gov/EE/Sectors/Residential/Documents/PNWHeatingandCoolingClimat
eZoneAssignmentsbyCounty.pdf
16. 10 CFR 429.17 Water heaters.
Available from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-10/chapter-II/subchapter-D/part-429
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-13-3 6/30/2013
11-13-2 11/26/2013
12-17-7 12/31/2017
12-18-3 12/31/2018
2-20-1 2/28/2020
7-21-7 8/30/2021
3-23-19 3/31/2023

INDIRECT WATER HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a fossil fuel indirect-fired storage water heating system in
which the stored water is heated via hot water produced by a fossil fuel boiler rather than direct
input from electric elements or fossil fuel burners. In such a system, a heat exchanger separates
the potable water in the water heater from the boiler water. This measure applies to indirect-fired
systems comprising a boiler with input heating capacity less than 300,000 BTU/h and a storage
tank with a capacity of 20 to 120 gallons installed in residential applications. Larger equipment
installed in whole building or multi-unit multifamily settings shall use the Commercial and
Industrial Indirect Water Heater measure detailed in this document.
This measure estimates savings associated with the delivery of potable hot water only and assumes
the installation of zone priority controls to interrupt demand for space heating hot water until
domestic hot water demand is met.
This measure assumes baseline to be a minimally code compliant fossil fuel storage type water
heater with storage capacity equivalent to the efficient water heater.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑁/𝐴
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑈𝐴𝑒𝑒 ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏
+( − )× × 8,760]
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 1,000,000
where:
GPD/unit = Gallons per day of delivered hot water per water heater

Tamb = Average temperature difference between water heater set point temperature and
the surrounding ambient air temperature (°F)
ee = Characteristic of rnergy efficient condition
Eff = Efficiency
UA = Overall heat loss coefficient (BTU/h-°F)

17.2 X # of people system. If unknown, use 46 GPD multiplied by the
GPD/unit
/ units number of households and divided by the number of units
installed. 239
Average temperature difference between water heater set
Tmain Tset - Tmain point temperature and the supply water temperature in
water main (°F)
55
Tamb point temperature and the surrounding ambient air
= Tset - Tamb
temperature (°F)
Supply water temperature in water main (°F). Lookup in
Tmain Cold Water Inlet Temperature table below based on
nearest city.
Tamb 70 Surrounding ambient air temperature (F).241
Effbaseline 0.75 Efficiency of the baseline condition.242
Efficiency of energy efficient indirect-system boiler
Effee
(AFUE), from application.
Overall heat loss coefficient of the baseline condition
UAbaseline 7.85
(BTU/h-°F).243
239
Water Research Foundation: Residential End Uses of Water, Version 2, April 2016, p. 5; 17.2 GPD equated from
the report findings indicating an average 2.65 people per household and 45.5 GPD per household.
240
241
Water heaters are generally located in conditioned or partially conditioned spaces with a typical average
temperature of 65°F to 70°F to avoid freezing. A value of 70°F is used for the purposes of estimating tank/ambient
air temperature differential, which aligns with standby loss specification testing standards.
242
Per 10 CFR 430, typical recovery efficiency of a gas water heater, which is used for the purposes of this measure
243
Based on computation of heat loss coefficients via conversion equations found in 10 CFR 429, 430, and 431
Docket No. EERE-2015-BT-TP-0007, Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products and Certain


Overall heat loss coefficient of the energy efficient
measure (BTU/h-°F). Calculate per Qualifying Heat Loss
UAee Coefficient section below, based on qualifying equipment
standby loss specification, rated in °F/hr. If unknown,
assume UAee = 5.4.244

City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Qualifying Heat Loss Coefficient (UAee)

Indirect-fired water heater storage tanks are tested and rated for standby losses (in °F/hr) at
standard testing conditions in accordance with testing standards. 247 The qualifying equipment
standby loss specification (SLee), where available, shall be used in the formula below, along with
tank volume (vee) to establish the qualifying equipment heat loss coefficient (UAee).
𝑆𝐿𝑒𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑒𝑒 = × 𝑣𝑒𝑒 × 8.33
70
where:
UAee = Overall heat loss coefficient (BTU/h-°F) of the energy efficient condition
SLee = Standby loss specification (°F/hr) of the energy efficient condition
vee = Rated storage capacity (gallons) of the energy efficient condition
Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Test Procedures for Consumer and Commercial Water Heaters. Heat loss
coefficient was equated for two minimally code compliant gas storage water heaters found to be the most typical in
terms of storage and input capacity, representing storage type water heaters of between 20 and 55 gallon capacity
(40 gallon, 40,000 BTU/h assumed) and between 55 and 120 gallon capacity (75 gallon, 76,000 BTU/h assumed).
Results of heat loss coefficient evaluation at these two data points agreed to within 0.3%, so the lower of the two
was selected to represent the UAbaseline term.
244
Based on the average standby loss specification (in °F/hr) of AHRI-certified Indirect Water Heater storage tanks,
per the AHRI Directory.
245
246
Average annual outdoor temperatures taken from NCEI 1991-2020 climate normals.
247
GAMA Testing Standard: Performance of Indirect-Fired Water Heaters, March 2003.

70 = Temperature differential (°F) utilized in standby loss testing procedure



The baseline condition is a minimally code compliant fossil fuel storage type water heater with a
recovery efficiency of 75%, tank volume equal to the energy efficient condition and heat loss
coefficient as indicated above.

The compliance condition is an indirect fossil fuel-fired water heating system with efficiency
meeting or exceeding 0.85 AFUE.
Operating Hours
heater is assumed to be available for operation 8,760 hours per year. Additionally, it is assumed
standby losses are incurred 8,760 hours per year.

An existing residential customer located near Albany installs an indirect water heater with an
AFUE of 90%, stand by loss of 1º/hr, and a 60 gallon storage tank. The system serves a single-
family, detached home with 5 residents. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
𝐺𝐷𝑃/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
+( − )× × 8,760]

GPD/unit = 17.2 x # of residents = 17.2 x 5/1 = 86
∆Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 125 – 55.4 = 69.6
application

Effbaseline = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

Effee = 0.90, from application
UAbaseline = 7.85, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
UAee = (SLee / 70) x vee x 8.33 = (1 / 70) x 60 x 8.33 = 7.14
UAee equation from Qualifying Heat Loss Coefficient section
SLee from application
vee from application
∆Tamb = 55, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
86 × 365 × 8.33 × 69.6 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 0.75 0.90
7.85 7.44 55
+( − )× × 8,760] = 5.10 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.75 0.90 1,000,000

See Appendix P.

Reduction in standby heat losses will have a negligible impact on space heating when the water
heater is located in a conditioned space. Consideration of these effects are not included in this
methodology.

Reduction in standby heat losses will have a negligible impact on space heating and cooling when
the water heater is located in a conditioned space. Consideration of these effects are not included
in this methodology.
References
version-2
Temperature.
=div9


3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
#ap10.3.430_127.c1
5. 10 CFR 429, 430, and 431 Docket No. EERE-2015-BT-TP-0007, Energy Conservation
Program for Consumer Products and Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Test
Procedures for Consumer and Commercial Water Heaters.
Available from:
https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/08/f33/Water%20Heaters%20Test%20Procedure
%20SNOPR.pdf
6. 10 CFR 431.110 Energy conservation standards and their effective dates.
idx?SID=7a74a124de079734b1fa6e7aef0cdc0c&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_1110
Available from:
Normals.
10. GAMA Testing Standard: Performance of Indirect-Fired Water Heaters, March 2003.
Available from: https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/Indirect-
Fired%20Water%20Heater%20Testing%20Standard03.pdf
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-13-2 6/30/2013
7-13-5 7/31/2013
7-13-6 7/31/2013
7-13-29 7/31/2013
7-13-33 7/31/2013
7-13-34 7/31/2013
7-13-35 7/31/2013
11-13-2 11/26/2013
12-17-4 12/31/2017

STORAGE TANK AND INSTANTANEOUS DOMESTIC WATER HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of storage tank water heaters designed to heat and store water
at a thermostatically controlled temperature, as well as instantaneous type water heaters, which
heat water but contain no more than one gallon of water per 4,000 BTU per hour of input. This
measure applies to potable hot water delivery only; it is not applicable to hot water heaters used
for process loads or space heating. Additionally, qualifying equipment must be designed to heat
water to a temperature no greater than 180°F and, if electric power is required for operation, must
use a single-phase external power supply.
Storage type units include residential fossil fuel storage water heaters with a nominal input of
75,000 BTU per hour or less and a rated storage capacity between 20 and 100 gallons, residential-
duty commercial fossil fuel storage water heaters with a nominal input of greater than 75,000 BTU
per hour and less than or equal to 105,000 BTU per hour and a rated storage capacity between 20
and 120 gallons and electric storage water heaters with an input of 12 kilowatts or less and a rated
storage capacity between 20 and 120 gallons.
Instantaneous type units include fossil fuel instantaneous water heaters with a rated input capacity
of greater than or equal to 50,000 and less than 200,000 BTU per hour and a manufacturer’s
specified storage capacity of less than 2 gallons, residential electric instantaneous water heaters
with an input of 12 kilowatts or less and a manufacturer’s specified storage capacity of less than 2
gallons and residential-duty commercial electric instantaneous water heaters with an input of
greater than 12 kilowatts and less than or equal to 56.8 kilowatts and a manufacturer’s specified
storage capacity of 2 gallons or less.248
This measure applies to replacement of existing storage type and instantaneous water heaters using
the same heating fuel (fossil fuel or electric) as the efficient case and assumes baseline to be a
minimally code compliant water heater (as described in greater detail below) of the same type and
heating fuel as the existing case. For new construction, this measure assumes baseline to be a
minimally code compliant storage-type water heater using the same heating fuel (fossil fuel or
electric) as the efficient case.
This measure applies to residential applications as well as residential-duty water heaters installed
in commercial settings. In the latter case, this methodology shall be employed utilizing typical
GPD values as defined in the “Gallons per Day (GPD)” section of the Commercial Storage Tank
Water Heater measure detailed in this document.
248
Definitions of qualifying system types and specifications per 10 CFR 430.2 and revised in accordance with the
limitations imposed by 10 CFR 430.32(d) and 10 CFR 431.110(b).

Annual Electric Energy Savings (Electric Water Heating Only)
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings (Electric Water Heating Only)
(𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑈𝐴𝑒𝑒 ) × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏

3,412
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings (Fossil Fuel Water Heating Only)
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒
where:
ΔTmain = Average temperature difference between water heater set point temperature and
ΔTamb = Average temperature difference between water heater set point temperature and
UEF = Uniform energy factor


system. If unknown, use 46 GPD multiplied by the
17.2 X # of people / number of households and divided by the number of
GPD/unit
units units installed. 249 For residential-duty commercial water
heaters, refer to GPD table in the commercial version of
this measure.
Tmain Tset - Tmain point temperature and the supply water temperature in
water main (°F).
55
Tamb point temperature and the surrounding ambient air
= Tset - Tamb
temperature (°F).
nearest city.
UEFbaseline Baseline Efficiencies… section below for details
regarding derivation of this input.
Uniform Energy Factor of the energy efficient measure,
UEFee
from application.
(BTU/h-°F).252 For Instantaneous water heaters, set UA-
UAbaseline
baseline = 0. For storage type water heaters, set UAbaseline =
7.85.
249
Water Research Foundation: Residential End Uses of Water, Version 2, April 2016, pg. 5; 17.2 GPD equated
from the report findings indicating an average 2.65 people per household and 45.5 GPD per household.
250
251
252


measure (BTU/h-°F). For instantaneous water heaters, set
UAee
UAee = 0. For storage type water heaters, set UAee =
5.4.253
CF 0.8


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0


The baseline condition is a minimally code compliant water heater of type (storage-type or
instantaneous) equivalent to the existing water heater and with tank volume (where applicable),
input capacity and draw pattern equivalent to the efficient water heater. For new construction, the
baseline condition is a minimally code compliant storage-type water heater with tank volume,
input capacity and draw pattern equivalent to the efficient water heater. For all instantaneous water
heaters with a storage type baseline, a 40-gallon storage type water heater with input capacity and
draw pattern equivalent to the efficient water heater shall be assumed.
253
Based on the average standby loss specification (in °F/hr) of AHRI-certified Indirect Water Heater storage tanks,
per the AHRI Directory.
254
255
256

UEFbaseline shall be calculated as a function of qualifying equipment tank volume (vt) for storage
type water heaters or looked up for instantaneous water heaters per federal standards from the
appropriate table (Residential Water Heaters or Residential-Duty Commercial Water Heaters)
below, using the baseline equipment type and efficient case capacity and draw pattern. Draw
pattern can be established based on the efficient equipment First Hour Rating (FHR), rated in
gallons, for storage type water heaters or Max Gallons per Minute (GPM), rated in gallons/minute,
for instantaneous water heaters. See the First Hour Rating vs. Draw Pattern and Max GPM vs.
Draw Pattern tables below for storage type and instantaneous water heaters, respectively. If FHR
or Max GPM is unknown, a Medium draw pattern should be assumed for storage type water heaters
with rated storage capacity ≤ 50 gallons and a High draw pattern should be assumed otherwise.257
Residential Water Heaters258
Very Small 0.3456 - (0.0020 x vt*)
Low 0.5982 - (0.0019 x vt)
Medium 0.6483 - (0.0017 x vt)
Gas-Fired Storage High 0.6920 - (0.0013 x vt)
Low 0.7689 - (0.0005 x vt)
Medium 0.7897 - (0.0004 x vt)
High 0.8072 - (0.0003 x vt)
Very Small 0.2509 - (0.0012 x vt)
≤50 gal
High 0.6815 - (0.0014 x vt)
Very Small 0.8808 - (0.0008 x vt)
Low 0.9254 - (0.0003 x vt)
Medium 0.9307 - (0.0002 x vt)
Low 2.0440 - (0.0011 x vt)
Medium 2.1171 - (0.0011 x vt)
High 2.2418 - (0.0011 x vt)
Very Small 0.80
Instantaneous Gas- < 2 gal and > 50,000 Low 0.81
Fired Water Heater BTU/h Medium 0.81
High 0.81
Very Small 0.91
Instantaneous
Low 0.91
Electric Water < 2 gal
Medium 0.91
Heater
High 0.92
*vt = Rated storage volume (in gallons)
257
258
10 CFR 430.32(d).

Residential-Duty Commercial Water Heaters259

Very Small 0.2674 - (0.0009 x vt*)
> 75,000 BTU/h and
Gas-Fired Storage Low 0.5362 - (0.0012 x vt)
≤ 105,000 BTU/h and
Water Heater Medium 0.6002 - (0.0011 x vt)
≤ 120 gal
High 0.6597 - (0.0009 x vt)
Very Small 0.2932 – (0.0015 x vt)
>105,000 BTU/h and
Oil-Fired Storage Low 0.5596 - (0.0018 x vt)
≤140,000 BTU/h and ≤
120 gal
High 0.6740 – (0.0013 x vt)
Very Small 0.80
Instantaneous Low 0.80
> 12 kW gal and ≤ 55 gal
Electric Water Heater Medium 0.80
High 0.80
First Hour Rating vs. Draw Pattern (Storage Type Only)260

< 18 gallons Very Small
≥ 18 and < 51 gallons Low
≥ 51 and < 75 gallons Medium
≥ 75 gallons High
Max GPM vs. Draw Pattern (Instantaneous Only)261

Max GPM Draw Pattern
< 1.7 gallons/minute Very Small
≥ 1.7 and < 2.8 gallons/minute Low
≥ 2.8 and < 4.0 gallons/minute Medium
≥ 4.0 gallons/minute High

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® rated fossil fuel or electric storage or
instantaneous type water heater as directed by the measure description. Efficient fossil fuel and
electric storage tank and instantaneous type water heaters must be eligible under ENERGY STAR®
Program Requirements for Residential Water Heaters, Eligibility Criteria Version 3.2, effective
April 2015.262 Minimum UEF qualification for ENERGY STAR® equipment are shown in the
table below.
259
10 CFR 431.110(b).
260
10 CFR 429.17.
261
10 CFR 429.17.
262
Criteria, Version 3.2, April 16, 2015.

Residential Water Heaters

Rated Storage Volume
Product Class Draw Pattern UEF
and Input Rating
Medium > 0.64
Gas-Fired Storage High > 0.68
Water Heater Medium > 0.78
High > 0.80
Electric Storage ≥ 20 gal and ≤ 55 gal All > 2.00
Water Heater > 55 gal and ≤ 100 gal All > 2.20
Instantaneous Gas- < 2 gal and > 50,000
All > 0.87
Fired Water Heater BTU/h
Residential-Duty Commercial Water Heaters

Rated Storage Volume
Product Class Draw Pattern UEF
and Input Rating
> 75,000 BTU/h and
Gas-Fired Storage
≤ 105,000 BTU/h and All > 0.80
Water Heater
≤ 120 gal
Operating Hours

An existing residential customer located near Albany replaces their existing storage tank gas-
fired water heater with a high efficiency storage tank gas-fired water heater. The system serves
a single-family, detached home with 5 residents. The high efficiency water heater has a tank
capacity of 50 gallons and is rated for a medium draw pattern with a UEF of 0.68. Annual
Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable.
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1

1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒

∆Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 125 – 55.4 = 69.6
application
UEFbaseline = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x vt) = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x 50) = 0.5633

UEFbaseline equation from Residential Water Heaters table based on product class and
draw pattern from application
vt from application
UEFee = 0.68, from application
(86) × 365 × 8.33 × (69.6) 1 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × ×( − ) = 5.54 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 (0.5633) 0.68

See Appendix P.

heater is located in conditioned space. Consideration of these effects is not included in this
methodology.

the water heater is located in conditioned space. Consideration of these effects is not included in
this methodology.
Gas water heaters with draft inducer fans may introduce additional electric load. Consideration of
this effect is not included in this methodology.
References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Residential Water
Heaters, Eligibility Criteria, Version 3.2, April 16, 2015.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/Water%20Heaters%20Final%20Version%
203.2_Program%20Requirements.pdf
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=78ea8c7c6bf5379d6e0fd2b41e335739&mc=true&n=pt10.3
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_12
div8
idx?SID=a69096e892b13c204bbe6da3a92f8111&mc=true&node=se10.3.431_1110&rgn
=div8


version-2
6. Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430—Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Water Heaters, Section 2. Test Conditions, 2.5 Set Point Temperature.
=div9
3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf
Available from:
Normals.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-13-1 6/30/2013
7-13-6 7/31/2013
11-13-2 11/26/2013
12-17-5 12/31/2017
3-19-4 3/29/2019

DOMESTIC HOT WATER – CONTROL
LOW-FLOW - FAUCET AERATOR

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of low-flow aerators on residential faucets. A low-flow faucet
aerator is a water saving device with rated gallons per minute (gpm) less than maximum allowable
flowrate as mandated by federal, state, local and municipal codes and standards. Energy savings
are realized through the decreased demand for hot water during faucet use. New York State
appliance standards require compliance with California Title 20 code 263 , which dictates a
maximum flowrate of 1.2 gpm for lavatory faucets and 1.8 gpm elsewhere. This is a retrofit direct
install measure or a new installation in a residential application.
8.33 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 × ×
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑁𝑒𝑔𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒
8.33 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 × ×
1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹
Note: to estimate the annual gallons of water saved from installation of measure:
1
𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐,𝑒𝑒 ) ×
F𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑡
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
× × × 365
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛/𝑑𝑎𝑦 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑
where:
H2Osavings = Annual Water savings (gallons)
∆Tmain = Average temperature difference between faucet operating temperature and the
supply water temperature in water main (°F)
263
California Energy Commission (Title 20)

UEF = Uniform Energy Factor

GPM = Gallon per minute
Throttlefac = Throttle factor
Ffaucet = Faucets per household factor

Kitchen: 1.8
GPM for baseline measure, based on faucet
GPMbaseline Lavatory: 1.2
type.264
Unknown: 1.2
American Council for an Energy-Efficient
Throttlefac,baseline 0.83
Economy.265
Kitchen: 1.5
From application. If unknown, assume
GPMee Lavatory: 1.0
minimum flow rates for compliance.
Unknown: 1.0
American Council for an Energy-Efficient
Throttlefac,ee 0.95
Economy.266
Non-lavatory: 1
Factor reflecting the number of faucets in an
Ffaucet Lavatory: 1.6
average New York household.267
Unknown: 1.6
Non-lavatory: 4.5
minutes/ Metered water consumption based on faucet
Lavatory: 1.6
person/day type.268
Unknown: 1.6
Single-family: 2.8
person/ Persons per household, based on housing
Multi-family: 2.0
household type.269,270
Unknown: 2.0
264
Table H-4, California Energy Commission (Title 20) via NYS Appliance Standards.
265
Energy Related Water Fixture Measurements: Securing the Baseline for Northwest Single Family Homes,
American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, August 2008, pg. 1-265.
266
Ibid.
267
American Housing Survey Table Creator, United States Census Bureau, Housing Unit Characteristics, New York
2017. The lavatory faucet factor was calculated by taking the average number of complete or half bathrooms per
household.
268
Michigan Evaluation Working Group Showerhead and Faucet Aerator Meter Study. June 2013, via 2014
Demand-Side Management Evaluation Final Report, Cadmus, June 30, 2015, Table 93.
269
Residential Statewide Baseline Study of New York State, July 2015. Volume 1: Single-Family Report, Table 9.
270
Residential Statewide Baseline Study of New York State, July 2015. Volume 2: Multifamily Report, Table 8.


Non-lavatory, SF: 317
Non-lavatory, MF: 227 Calculated gallons of water saved per year based
H2Osavings Lavatory, SF: 48 on default values of installation of energy
Lavatory, MF: 34 efficient measure, from application.
Unknown: 34
Average temperature difference between faucet
∆Tmain Tfaucet – Tmain operating temperature and the supply water
temperature in water main (°F).
Faucet operating temperature (°F)271. Unknown
Non-Lavatory: 93
is derived from the calculated weighted average
Tfaucet Lavatory: 86
based on statewide average assumptions:
Unknown: 88
((1*93)+(3*86))/(1+3)= 88
Supply water temperature in water main (°F).
Tmain Lookup in Cold Water Inlet Temperature table
below based on nearest city.
Uniform Energy Factor based on product class,
UEF See UEF Table Below size, input rating and draw pattern (if unknown,
assume medium draw pattern).272

City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0

271
Michigan Evaluation Working Group Showerhead and Faucet Aerator Meter Study. June 2013, via 2014
Demand-Side Management Evaluation Final Report, Cadmus, June 30, 2015, Table 93.
272
10 CFR 430.32(d); medium draw pattern default assumption based on review of typical usage bins for AHRI
certified residential water heating equipment. (https://www.ahridirectory.org/ahridirectory/pages/home.aspx)
273
274


The Summary of Variables and Data Sources provides the baseline (standard) and low flow aerator
water flows, related input assumptions, and the resulting water savings. Assumptions regarding
average duration of use and number of uses per day are also presented. Uniform Energy Factor is
determined for the assumed water heater system configurations cited per the table below (from
Code of Federal Regulations 10 CFR 430.32(d)).
UEF shall be calculated as a function of existing equipment tank volume (vt) with the appropriate
equation, looked up based on existing equipment type, capacity and draw pattern. Draw pattern
can be established based on the existing equipment First Hour Rating (FHR), rated in gallons; see
the First Hour Rating vs. Draw Pattern table below.
If FHR is unknown, a Medium draw pattern should be assumed for storage type water heaters with
rated storage capacity ≤ 50 gallons and a High draw pattern should be assumed otherwise.275 If the
type of existing water heater cannot be identified due to program delivery mechanism, assume 40-
gallon rated storage volume, medium draw storage type system with primary water heater fuel
from application.

Very Small 0.3456 - (0.0020 x vt*)
Low 0.5982 - (0.0019 x vt)
Medium 0.6483 - (0.0017 x vt)
Low 0.7689 - (0.0005 x vt)
Medium 0.7897 - (0.0004 x vt)
High 0.8072 - (0.0003 x vt)
Very Small 0.2509 - (0.0012 x vt)
≤50 gal
High 0.6815 - (0.0014 x vt)
Very Small 0.8808 - (0.0008 x vt)
Low 0.9254 - (0.0003 x vt)
Medium 0.9307 - (0.0002 x vt)
Low 2.0440 - (0.0011 x vt)
Medium 2.1171 - (0.0011 x vt)
High 2.2418 - (0.0011 x vt)
275


Very Small 0.80
High 0.81
Very Small 0.91
Instantaneous
Low 0.91
Medium 0.91
Heater
High 0.92
*
vt = Rated Storage Volume (gal)

≥ 75 gallons High

The compliance condition is a lavatory faucet aerator with a flowrate of 1.0 GPM or less or a non-
lavatory faucet aerator with a flowrate of 1.5 GPM or less.
Operating Hours
Non-lavatory faucet aerators are assumed to be in use 4.5 minutes per day per person and lavatory
faucets are assumed to be in use 1.6 minutes per day per person. All faucet aerators are assumed
to be available 365 days per year.

Two 0.5 GPM low-flow faucet aerators are installed on lavatory sinks in a single-family home
located near Albany. The residence’s gas-fired storage tank water heater has 40 gallon
capacity and first hour recovery rating of 68 GPH. Annual Electric Energy Savings and
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
8.33 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 × ×
1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹
276
10 CFR 429.17.

1
𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐,𝑒𝑒 ) ×
F𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑡
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
× × × 365

GPMbaseline = 1.2, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Throttlefac,baseline = 0.83, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
GPMee = 0.5, from application
Throttlefac,ee = 0.95, , from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Ffacucet = 1.6, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on sink location
Minutes/person/day = 1.6, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on sink
location
Person/household = 2.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on
application
∆Tmain = Tfaucet - Tmain = 86 – 55.4 = 30.6
Tfaucet from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on sink location
application
UEF = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x vt) = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x 40) = 0.5803
Vt from application
1
𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (1.2 × 0.83 − 0.5 × 0.95) × × 1.6 × 2.8 × 365 = 53.24
1.6
8.33 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 2 × 53.24 × 30.6 × × = 0.046 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.5803

See Appendix P.



References
1. Energy-related Water Fixture Measurements: Securing the Baseline for Northwest Single
- Family Homes, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, August 2008.
Available from: https://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/2008/data/papers/1_190.pdf
2. Michigan Evaluation Working Group Showerhead and Faucet Aerator Meter Study. June
2013, via 2014 Demand-Side Management Evaluation Final Report, Cadmus, June 30,
2015.
Available from: http://www.oracle.com/us/industries/utilities/cadmus-indianapolis-
power-light-3697534.pdf%20
3. United States Census Bureau, American Housing Survey – Table Creator, New York,
2017, Housing Unit Characteristics.
Available from: https://www.census.gov/programs-
surveys/ahs/data/interactive/ahstablecreator.html#?s_areas=a00036&s_year=s2017&s_ta
bleName=Table0&s_byGroup1=a1&s_byGroup2=a1&s_filterGroup1=t1&s_filterGroup
2=g1&s_show=S
4. Residential Statewide Baseline Study of New York State, July 2015.
New-York-State
div8
Normals.
8. Water mains temperatures estimated from annual average temperature taken from: Burch,
Jay and Craig Christensen; “Towards Development of an Algorithm for Mains Water
Temperature.” National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Available from:
10. California Energy Commission (Title 20), Table H-4.
Available from:
https://govt.westlaw.com/calregs/Document/I02CB6DB0EB2F11ED8BFF9413895FDA5
6?viewType=FullText&originationContext=documenttoc&transitionType=CategoryPage
Item&contextData=(sc.Default)

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-13-5 6/30/2013
7-13-7 7/31/2013
6-17-2 6/30/2017
3-19-5 3/29/2019
6-19-5 6/28/2019

LOW-FLOW - S HOWERHEAD
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of low-flow showerheads. A low-flow showerhead is a water
saving showerhead with rated gallons per minute (gpm) less than maximum allowable flowrate as
mandated by federal, state, local and municipal codes and standards. Energy savings are realized
through the decreased demand for hot water during shower use. New York State appliance
standards require compliance with California Title 20 code277, which dictates a maximum flowrate
of 1.8 gpm for showerheads. This is a retrofit direct install measure or a new installation in a
residential application.
8.33 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 × (𝑇𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × ×
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹
8.33 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 × (𝑇𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × ×
1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹
Note: to estimate the annual gallons of water saved from installation of measure:
1 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠
𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐 × × ×
F𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛/𝑑𝑎𝑦
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
× × 365
ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑
where:
H2Osavings = Water savings
Fshower = Shower Factor
277
California Energy Commission (Title 20) via NYS Appliance Standard

Tshower = Temperature (oF) at showerhead

Tmain = Temperature (oF) of supply water from main

Gallons per minute for energy efficient measure, from
GPMee
application.
For LMI projects, flowrate shall come from
GPMbaseline application or default to 2.5 GPM.278 Otherwise, use
1.8 GPM.279
Used in LBNL study to adjust for average percent of
Throttlefac 0.9 full capacity that the shower valve is opened when in
use.280
Factor capturing average number of showers per
Fshower 1.4
household.281
minutes/use 8.2 Average shower duration per LBNL study.282
uses/person/day 0.75 LBNL showers per day per capita.283
Persons per household, from application. If unknown,
person/
use 2.8 for Single - Family284 and 2.0 for
household
Multifamily.285 If housing type is unknown, use 2.4.286
nearest city.
Tshower 104 Average temperature at showerhead.287
278
The Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 (https://afdc.energy.gov/files/pdfs/2527.pdf).
279
280
LBNL: Potential Water and Energy Savings from Showerheads, March 2006.
281
United States Census Bureau, American Housing Survey – Table Creator, New York, 2017, Housing Unit
Characteristics. The shower factor was calculated by taking the average number of complete bathrooms per
household. Granularity at the single vs. multifamily level was not available.
282
283
Ibid.
284
Residential Statewide Baseline Study of New York State, July 2015. Volume 1: Single-Family Report, Table 9.
285
286
Unweighted average between single- and multifamily buildings.
287
Pilot Study for a Thermostatic Shower Restriction Valve, Cadmus, 2014.


Uniform Energy Factor based on product class, size,
See UEF Table
UEF input rating and draw pattern (if unknown, assume
Below
medium draw pattern).288


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0


The Summary of Variables and Data Sources provides the baseline (standard) water flow and
related input assumptions. Assumptions regarding average duration of use and number of uses per
day are also presented. Uniform Energy Factor (UEF) is determined for the assumed water heater
system configurations cited per the table below (from Code of Federal Regulations 10 CFR
430.32(d)).
the First Hour Rating vs. Draw Pattern table below.
If FHR is unknown, a Medium draw pattern should be assumed for storage type water heaters with
rated storage capacity ≤ 50 gallons and a High draw pattern should be assumed otherwise.291 If the
288
289
290
291

type of existing water heater cannot be identified due to program delivery mechanism, assume a
40-gallon rated storage volume, Medium draw storage type system with primary water heater fuel
from application.

Very Small 0.3456 - (0.0020 x vt*)
Low 0.5982 - (0.0019 x vt)
Medium 0.6483 - (0.0017 x vt)
Low 0.7689 - (0.0005 x vt)
Medium 0.7897 - (0.0004 x vt)
High 0.8072 - (0.0003 x vt)
Very Small 0.2509 - (0.0012 x vt)
≤50 gal
High 0.6815 - (0.0014 x vt)
Very Small 0.8808 - (0.0008 x vt)
Low 0.9254 - (0.0003 x vt)
Medium 0.9307 - (0.0002 x vt)
Low 2.0440 - (0.0011 x vt)
Medium 2.1171 - (0.0011 x vt)
High 2.2418 - (0.0011 x vt)
Very Small 0.80
High 0.81
Very Small 0.91
Instantaneous
Low 0.91
Medium 0.91
Heater
High 0.92
*

≥ 75 gallons High
292
10 CFR 429.17.


Compliance flow rate is less than the specified baseline value (<1.8 gpm) or less than the more
restrictive codes or guidelines of local governments, municipalities or entities which, for example,
participate in the US EPA Water Sense® Partnership Program.293
Operating Hours
Estimate of energy savings assumes an average duration of 8 minutes, 12 seconds per shower
event, 0.75 showers per person per day, and 2.8 persons per single - family home and 2.0 persons
per multifamily home.

Two 1.0 GPM low-flow showerheads are installed in a single-family home located near
Albany. The residence’s gas-fired storage tank water heater has 40 gallon capacity and first
hour recovery rating of 68 GPH. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
8.33 1
1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹
1 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐 × ×
F𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
× × × 365

Throttlefac = 0.9, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fshower = 1.4, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Minutes/use = 8.2, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Uses/person/day = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Person/household = 2.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on
application
Tshower = 104, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Tmain = 55.4, from Cold Water Inlet Temperature lookup table based on location from
application
UEF = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x vt) = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x 40) = 0.5803
Vt from application
293
Find Water Sense Partners at the Environmental Protection Agency website:
https://www.epa.gov/watersense/partners-directory

1
𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (1.8 − 1.0) × 0.9 × 1.4 × 8.2 × 0.75 × 2.8 × 365 = 3232.44
8.33 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 2 × 3232.44 × (104 − 55.4) × × = 4.51 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.5803

See Appendix P.


References
1. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL): “Potential Water and Energy Savings
from Showerheads”, September 2005.
Available from: https://eta-publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/lbnl-58601.pdf
2=g1&s_show=S
New-York-State
div8
Normals.
Available from:

7. EPA WaterSense® Partnership Program.

Available from: https://www.epa.gov/watersense/partners-directory
8. The Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992.
Available from: https://afdc.energy.gov/files/pdfs/2527.pdf
9. California Energy Commission (Title 20), Table H-4
Available from: https://www.energy.ca.gov/rules-and-regulations/appliance-efficiency-
regulations-title-20/appliance-efficiency-proceedings
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-13-4 6/30/2013
6-15-1 6/15/2015
6-17-4 6/30/2017
3-19-7 3/29/2019
6-19-6 6/28/2019
7-21-22 8/30/2021

THERMOSTATIC S HOWER RESTRICTION VALVE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of thermostatic shower restriction valves, which are valves
attached to a showerhead supply for reduction of domestic hot water flow and associated energy
usage. The device restricts hot water flow through the showerhead by activating the trickle or stop
flow mode when water reaches a predetermined set temperature, as designed by the manufacturer.
Although this device activates trickle/stop flow at a set temperature, it does not restrict flow when
the valve is manually opened, and therefore should not be considered a safety measure to prevent
scalding.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/unit)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/unit)
where:
(∆kWh/unit) = Annual electric energy savings per unit
(∆MMBtu/unit) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per unit

As defined in Deemed annual electric energy savings for electric
(∆kWh/unit) kWh Savings resistance storage tank water heater. Look up based
table below on location and water usage rate (table below).
As defined in Deemed annual fossil fuel energy savings for fossil
(∆MMBtu/unit) MMBtu Savings fuel-fired storage tank water heater. Look up based on
table below location and water usage rate (table below).

kWh Savings (∆kWh/unit) – Single - Family

Flow Rate (GPM)
Location
1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Albany 64 80 96 112 128
Binghamton 66 83 100 116 133
Buffalo 64 80 96 112 128
Massena 70 88 105 123 140
NYC 55 68 82 96 110
Poughkeepsie 62 77 93 108 124
Syracuse 64 80 96 112 128
kWh Savings (∆kWh/unit) – Multi - Family

Flow Rate (GPM)
Location
1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Albany 46 57 68 80 91
Binghamton 47 59 71 83 95
Buffalo 46 57 68 80 91
Massena 50 63 75 88 100
NYC 39 49 59 68 78
Poughkeepsie 44 55 66 77 89
Syracuse 46 57 68 80 91
The values in the kWh Savings table were calculated as follows, using the assumed values listed
in the Summary of Variables and Data Sources table above:
1 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛
(∆kWh/unit) = 𝐺𝑃𝑀 × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐 × 𝑊𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 × × 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛/𝑑𝑎𝑦 × ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑 ×
𝐹𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 8.33 1
365 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 × (𝑇𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × 3,412 × 𝑈𝐸𝐹
𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐
MMBtu Savings (∆MMBtu/unit) – Single - Family

Flow Rate (GPM)
Location
1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Albany 0.35 0.43 0.52 0.61 0.69
Binghamton 0.36 0.45 0.54 0.63 0.72
Buffalo 0.35 0.43 0.52 0.61 0.69
Massena 0.38 0.47 0.57 0.66 0.76
NYC 0.30 0.37 0.44 0.52 0.59
Poughkeepsie 0.34 0.42 0.50 0.59 0.67
Syracuse 0.35 0.43 0.52 0.61 0.69
MMBtu Savings (∆MMBtu/unit) – Multi - Family

Flow Rate (GPM)
Location
1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Albany 0.25 0.31 0.37 0.43 0.49
Binghamton 0.26 0.32 0.39 0.45 0.51

Flow Rate (GPM)

Location
1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2
Buffalo 0.25 0.31 0.37 0.43 0.49
Massena 0.27 0.34 0.41 0.47 0.54
NYC 0.21 0.26 0.32 0.37 0.42
Poughkeepsie 0.24 0.30 0.36 0.42 0.48
Syracuse 0.25 0.31 0.37 0.43 0.49
The values in the MMBtu Savings table were calculated as follows, using the assumed values listed
in the Summary of Variables and Data Sources table above:
1 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑠
(∆MMBtu/unit) = 𝐺𝑃𝑀 × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐 × 𝑊𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 × × 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛/𝑑𝑎𝑦 ×
𝐹 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 8.33 1
× 365 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 × (𝑇𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × 1,000,000 × 𝑈𝐸𝐹
ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
where:
Waste Time = Time water runs before shower begins
Fshower = Shower Factor
Tshower = Temperature (oF) at showerhead
Tmain = Temperature (oF) of supply water from main
Summary of Per Unit Savings Variables and Data Sources

GPM
application.
Used in LBNL study to adjust for average percent of
Throttlefac 0.9 full capacity that the shower valve is opened when in
use.294
Average value calculated from total water waste
Waste Time 0.98
duration of 581 shower events (59 secs.)295
294
295


Factor capturing average number of showers per
Fshower 1.4
household.296
Showers/
0.75 LBNL study, showers per day per capita.297
person/day
Single - Family:
Person/
2.8 Persons per household.298,299
household
Multi - Family: 2.0
Average inlet water temperature (°F) by location is
Tmain
shown below.
Tshower 104 Average temperature at showerhead.300
input rating and draw pattern. Assumes electric storage
UEFelec 0.92 water heater with 40-gal capacity at medium draw.301
See Residential Water Heaters table below for
calculating UEF for specific system types.
input rating and draw pattern. Assumes natural gas
UEFfuel 0.58 storage water heater with 40-gal capacity at medium
draw.302 See Residential Water Heaters table below for
calculating UEF for specific system types.


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
296
United States Census Bureau, American Housing Survey – Table Creator, New York, 2017, Housing Unit
Characteristics, All Housing Units. The shower factor reflects the average number of showers per household and
was calculated by taking the average number of complete bathrooms per household, as follows: {[(number of homes
with 1 bathroom)+(number of homes with 1.5 bathroom)]*1+[(number of homes with 2 bathrooms)+(number of
homes with 2.5 bathrooms)]*2…etc} / (total number of homes). Per US Census data, average number of showers
per home = {[4594+1199]*1+[1352+636.7]*2+[419.9]*3+[91.7]*4}/8293.3 = 1.37. Granularity at the single vs.
multifamily level was not available.
297
298
Residential Statewide Baseline Study of New York State, July 2015. Volume 1: Single-Family Report, Table 9
299
Residential Statewide Baseline Study of New York State, July 2015. Volume 2: Multifamily Report, Table 8
300
301
302
Ibid.
303
304


City Tmain (F)
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0


If known and in compliance with applicable code, the actual flowrate of the showerhead should be
used for determination of per unit energy savings from the tables above. Otherwise, a baseline of
1.8 gallons per minute shall be used for compliance in New York State (per NYS Appliance
Standards). Uniform Energy Factor (UEF) is determined for the assumed water heater system
configurations cited per the table below (from Code of Federal Regulations 10 CFR 430.32(d)).
the First Hour Rating vs. Draw Pattern table below. If FHR is unknown, a Medium draw pattern
should be assumed for storage type water heaters with rated storage capacity ≤ 50 gallons and a
High draw pattern should be assumed otherwise.305 If the type of existing water heater cannot be
identified due to program delivery mechanism, assume a 40-gallon rated storage volume, medium
draw storage type system with primary water heater fuel from application.

Rated Storage Volume Draw Uniform Energy
Product Class
and Input Rating Pattern Factor
Very Small 0.3456 - (0.0020 x vt*)
Low 0.5982 - (0.0019 x vt)
Medium 0.6483 - (0.0017 x vt)
Low 0.7689 - (0.0005 x vt)
Medium 0.7897 - (0.0004 x vt)
High 0.8072 - (0.0003 x vt)
305
Based on review of typical usage bins for AHRI certified residential water heating
equipment.v(https://www.ahridirectory.org/ahridirectory/pages/home.aspx)

Rated Storage Volume Draw Uniform Energy

Product Class
and Input Rating Pattern Factor
Very Small 0.2509 - (0.0012 x vt)
≤50 gal
High 0.6815 - (0.0014 x vt)
Very Small 0.8808 - (0.0008 x vt)
Low 0.9254 - (0.0003 x vt)
Medium 0.9307 - (0.0002 x vt)
Low 2.0440 - (0.0011 x vt)
> 55 gal and ≤ 100 gal 306
Medium 2.1171 - (0.0011 x vt)
High 2.2418 - (0.0011 x vt)
Very Small 0.80
Instantaneous Gas- < 2 gal and >50,000 Low 0.81
High 0.81
Very Small 0.91
Instantaneous Low 0.91
< 2 gal
Electric Water Heater Medium 0.91
High 0.92
*

≥ 75 gallons High

The compliance condition requires the installation of a thermostatic restriction valve on a
residential shower.
Operating Hours
Estimate of energy savings assumes 2 showers per day with an average of 59 seconds of wasted
hot water, reflecting the amount of time the shower is running but not in use.
306
Electric Storage Water Heaters > 55 gallons and < 100 gallons are heat pump water heaters.
307
10 CFR 429.17.


A thermostatic shower restriction valve is installed in a single-family home located near
Albany. The showerhead has a flowrate of 2 GPM and the residence’s gas-fired storage tank
water heater has 40 gallon capacity and first hour recovery rating of 68 GPH. Annual Electric
Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/unit)
(∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/unit)
1 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑠
= 𝐺𝑃𝑀 × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐 × 𝑊𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 × ×
𝐹𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛/𝑑𝑎𝑦
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 8.33 1
× × 365 × (𝑇𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × ×
ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

GPM = 2, from application
WasteTime = 0.98, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fshower = 1.4, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Showers/person/day = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Person/household = 2.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on housing
type from application
Tmain = 55.4, from Cold Water Inlet Temperature lookup table based on location from
application
UEFfuel = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x vt) = 0.6483 – (0.0017 x 40) = 0.5803
Vt from application
(∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/unit)
1 8.33
= 2 × 0.9 × 0.98 × × 0.75 × 2.8 × 365 × (104 − 55.4) ×
1.4 1,000,000
1
× = 0.67
0.5803
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 0.67 = 0.67 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡

See Appendix P.



References
1. NYS 2020 Residential Code of New York State, November 2019: Chapter 29 – 2020
NYSRC Table P2903.2 (Maximum Flow Rates and Consumption for Plumbing Fixtures
and Fixture Fittings).
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSRC2020P1/chapter-29-water-
supply-and-distribution
2. NYS Plumbing Code 2020; Table 604.4: Maximum Flow Rates and Consumption for
Plumbing Fixtures and Fixture Fittings.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSPC2020P1/chapter-6-water-supply-
and-distribution
3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL): “Potential Water and Energy Savings
from Showerheads”, September 2005.
4. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL): “Water and Energy Wasted During
Residential Shower Events: Findings from a Pilot Field Study of Hot Water Distribution
Systems”, September 2011.
Available from: https://eta-
publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/water_and_energy_wasted_during_residential_sho
wer_events_findings_from_a_pilot_field_study_of_hot_water_distribution_systems_lbnl
-5115e.pdf
2=g1&s_show=S
6. Pilot Study for a Thermostatic Shower Restriction Valve, Cadmus, 2014.
Available from: https://www.iepec.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/papers/164.pdf
New-York-State
div8


Normals.
Available from:
11. Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) certification under the International Association of
Plumbing and Mechanical Officials standard IGC 244-2007a.
Record of Revision
6-14-2 6/19/2014
6-17-3 6/30/2017
3-19-6 3/29/2019
6-19-7 6/28/2019

HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC)
AIR CONDITIONER - CENTRAL (CAC)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high-efficiency central air conditioners in residential
applications. A central air conditioner is a product, other than a packaged terminal air conditioner,
which is powered by single phase electric current, air cooled, rated below 65,000 BTU/h, not
contained within the same cabinet as a furnace with rated capacity above 225,000 BTU/h, and is a
cooling unit only. A central air conditioner may consist of a single-package unit or an outdoor unit
and one or more indoor units, including multi-head mini-split systems.308 The baseline case shall
be minimally code compliant equipment of the same type and capacity as in the efficient case,
which shall be sized in accordance with federal, state, local and municipal codes and standards.
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × ( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × ( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
where:
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per unit, based on AHRI certification or nameplate data
of condenser or matched pair (condenser and coil)
hour, (used for average U.S. location/region)
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions
308
10 CFR 430.2

12 = (kBTU/h)/ton of air conditioning capacity

From application, default to average system size from applications
Tons
if unknown.
Lookup from Baseline Efficiencies table below based on product
SEERbaseline
class and size.
From application. For equipment rated in SEER2, SEER2 rating
SEERee
shall be used.
Lookup based on building type, vintage and location from
EFLHcooling
Appendix G.
Lookup from Baseline Efficiencies table below based on product
EERbaseline
class and size.
From application. For equipment rated in EER2, EER2 rating shall
EERee
be used.
CF 0.69


The baseline condition is a central air conditioner as defined in the Measure Description section
above, with rated SEER or SEER2 (depending on efficiency rating of the efficient equipment) and
EER per the table below. The SEER and SEER2 values listed in the table below reflect the
minimum performance required by federal standards. Minimum EER requirements are not
specified by federal standards for the state of New York, nor are they mandated by state or city
code for residential equipment. For this equipment, baseline EER is established as follows310:
𝐸𝐸𝑅 = (1.12 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅) − (0.02 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 2 )
Resultant values from application of this equation are tabulated in the baseline efficiencies table
below.
309
310
DOE, Building America House Simulation Protocols, October 2010; for equipment rated in SEER2, replace

Seasonal Seasonal
Energy Energy
Energy Energy
Efficiency Efficiency
Product Class Efficiency Efficiency
Ratio Ratio 2
Ratio Ratio 2
(EER) (EER2)
(SEER)311 (SEER2)312
Split System – Air Conditioner
13.0 11.2 13.4 11.4
(<45 kBTU/h)
Split System – Air Conditioner
13.0 11.2 13.4 11.4
(≥45 and <65 kBTU/h)
Single Package – Air Conditioner 14.0 11.8 13.4 11.4

The compliance condition is a central air conditioner as defined in the Measure Description section
above. The efficiency of the compliant equipment must exceed the efficiency of the baseline
equipment.
Operating Hours
Cooling EFLH data by location, building type and vintage are tabulated in Appendix G.

A 3-ton high-efficiency central air conditioner rated at 18 SEER is installed in a single - family
home constructed in 1995 located near Albany. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × ( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
12 12

tons/unit = 3, from application
SEERbaseline = 13, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application
SEERee = 18, from application
EFLHcooling = 310, from Appendix G based on housing type, building vintage, and location from
application.
EERbaseline = 11.2, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application
EERee = 13, from application
311
10 CFR 430.32 (c)(1).
312
10 CFR 430.32 (c)(5).

12 12
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 3 × ( − ) × 310 = 238.46 𝑘𝑊ℎ
13.0 18
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 3 × ( − ) × 0.69 = 0.31 𝑘𝑊
11.2 13

See Appendix P.

Minor heating interactions are expected with efficient furnace fans utilized in most high efficiency
air conditioners. These impacts are expected to be negligible and have not been addressed in the
prescribed methodology at this time.

References
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=5caa706c36f6a4bc5850185c41f2175f&mc=true&n=pt10.3.
430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_12
Pumps.
3. M. M. Straub, Using Available Information for Efficient Evaluation of Demand-Side
Management Programs, Electricity Journal, September 2011.
Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040619011001941
Available from:
ation_revised.pdf
div8

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
12-17-6 12/31/2017

AIR CONDITIONER - R OOM (RAC)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high-efficiency room air conditioners in residential
applications. A room air conditioner is a consumer product, other than a packaged terminal air
conditioner, which is powered by a single phase electric current and is an encased assembly
designed as a unit for mounting in a window or through the wall for the purpose of providing
delivery of conditioned air to an enclosed space. It includes a prime source of refrigeration and
may include a means for ventilation and heating.313 The baseline case shall be minimally code
compliant equipment of the same type and capacity as in the efficient case, which shall be sized in
accordance with federal, state, local and municipal codes and standards. This measure is not
applicable to central air conditioner systems.
(𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000 𝐶𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
313
10 CFR 430.2.


(BTU/h)/unit From application.
Lookup from Baseline Efficiencies section below based on
CEERbaseline
equipment type and capacity.
CEERee From application.
Cooling equivalent full-load hours, lookup from Operating
EFLHcooling
Hours section below based on location.
CF 0.3

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is 0.3.314 The average Seasonal CF based on 2007
weather data used for this measure aligns with results of a sampling study conducted in Con Edison
territory, citing a CF = 0.31.315

The baseline condition is a room air conditioner as defined in the Measure Description section
above with type and capacity equivalent to the efficient case and rated CEER per the table below.
The CEER values listed in the table below reflect the minimum performance required by federal
standards.316
Product Class Federal Standard Federal Standard

Product Type Capacity with Louvered Sides Without Louvered Sides
(BTU/h) (CEER) (CEER)
< 6,000 11.0 10.0
6,000 to 7,999 11.0 10.0
8,000 to 10,999 10.9 9.6
RAC without
11,000 to 13,999 10.9 9.5
Reverse Cycle
14,000 to 19,999 10.7 9.3
20,000 to 27,999 9.4 9.4
≥ 28,000 9.0 9.4
314
RLW Analytics, Coincidence Factor Study: Residential Room Air Conditioners, June 2008, p. iv (based on
average Seasonal CF for all load zones using 2007 weather data).
315
Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships, Loadshape Report and Catalogue.
316
10 CFR 430.32(b).


The compliance condition is a room air conditioner as defined in the Measure Description
section above meeting ENERGY STAR V4.1 specifications for room air conditioners shown
below.317
Units Without Reverse Cycle

Capacity CEERBASE (units with CEERBASE (units without
(BTU/hour) louvered sides) louvered sides)
< 6,000
12.1 11.0
6,000 to 7,999
8,000 to 10,999 10.6
12.0
11,000 to 13,999 10.5
14,000 to 19,999 11.8 10.2
20,000 to 27,999 10.3
10.3
> 28,000 9.9
Units With Reverse Cycle

Capacity CEERBASE (units with CEERBASE (units without
(BTU/hour) louvered sides) louvered sides)
< 14,000 10.2
> 14,000 9.6
< 20,000 10.8
> 20,000 10.2
Casement Units
Casement Type CEERBASE
Casement-Only 10.5
Casement-Slider 11.4
Connected Allowance
Product Type CEERAdder_Connected318
All RAC types covered in Tables 1,
0.05 x CEERBASE
2 and 3319
317
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Room Air Conditioners Eligibility Criteria
Version 4.2.
318
Calculated allowance shall be rounded down to the nearest tenth before being applied in Equation 1.
319
Product must be certified using the ENERGY STAR Test Method for Room Air Conditioners to Validate
Demand Response (June 2017) to use the allowance.

Operating Hours
Cooling equivalent full load hours for residential room air conditioners shall be established based
on location per the table below. EFLHcooling values below were determined by calculating the ratio
of RAC cooling EFLH in Albany320 to average cooling EFLH in Albany per Appendix G and
applying it to the average EFLH for each city. EFLH was averaged from Appendix G over vintage
and building type for each city.
City EFLHcooling
Albany 259
Binghamton 175
Buffalo 266
Massena 204
NYC 338
Poughkeepsie 345
Syracuse 251

Ten 12,000 BTU/h room air conditioners with efficiency of 12 CEER are installed in a
multifamily building near Albany. The RACs are without reverse cycles and without louvered
sides. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings
and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹

(BTU/h)/unit = 12,000, from application
CEERbaseline = 9.5, from Baseline Efficiencies table based on equipment type and capacity
from application
CEERee = 12, from application
EFLHcooling = 259, from the Operating Hours table based on location from application
12,000 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 10 × ×( − ) × 259 = 681.60 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 9.5 12
12,000 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 10 × ×( − ) × 0.69 = 1.82 𝑘𝑊
1,000 9.5 12
RLW Analytics, Coincidence Factor Study: Residential Room Air Conditioners, June 2008, pg. iv (based on
320
2007 FLEH for Albany).


See Appendix P.


References
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=ccdb0d0ac67a5eab52718c408f0739a1&mc=true&n=pt10.3
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_12
2. RLW Analytics, Coincidence Factor Study: Residential Room Air Conditioners, June
2008.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/8791/CEE_Eval_FinalReportCoincidenceFact
orStudyResidentialRoomAirConditioners2008_23Jun2008.pdf
3. Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships, Loadshape Report and Catalogue June 2016.
Available from: http://www.neep.org/loadshape-report-and-catalogue
div8
5. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Room Air
Conditioners Eligibility Criteria Version 4.2.
Available from:
%204.2%20Room%20Air%20Conditioners%20Specification_0.pdf
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
3-18-2 3/29/2018

AIR CONDITIONER AND HEAT PUMP – PACKAGED TERMINAL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency packaged terminal air conditioners and heat
pumps in residential and multifamily applications.
Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner (PTAC)

A wall sleeve and a separate un-encased combination of heating and cooling assemblies specified
by the manufacturer and intended for mounting through the wall. It includes refrigeration
components, separable outdoor louvres, forced ventilation, and heating availability by purchaser’s
choice of, at least, hot water, steam, or electrical resistance heat.
Note: Models designated as “cooling only” units need not include heating elements if the physical
characteristics and arrangement of the refrigeration system are identical to those of models with
heating availability.321
Packaged Terminal Heat Pump (PTHP)

A separate un-encased refrigeration system installed in a cabinet having a function and
configuration similar to that of a packaged terminal air-conditioner. It uses reverse cycle
refrigeration as its prime heat source and should have other supplementary heat source(s) available
to purchasers with the choice of, at least, hot water, steam, or electric resistance heat.322,323
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 1
( ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × +
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 1
( ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
[ 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 3.412 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑒𝑒 ]
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹]
321
AHRI Standard 310/380 – 2014.
322
Ibid.
323
Replacement unit shall be factory labeled as follows: “MANUFACTURED FOR REPLACEMENT
APPLICATIONS ONLY: NOT TO BE INSTALLED IN NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS.” Replacement
efficiencies apply only to units with existing sleeves less than 16 inches (406 mm) in height and less than 42 inches
(1067 mm) in width.

𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( × × )
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000
where:
kBTU/hcooling = Output cooling capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard rating conditions)
kBTU/hheating = Output heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
FElecHeat = Electric heating factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an
FFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating factor; used to account for the presence or absence of a fossil
fuel heating system
EER = Energy efficiency ratio, measurement of cooling capacity for a unit (in BTU/hour)
/ electrical energy used (watts) (at AHRI standard rating conditions)
COP = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy (at AHRI
standard high-temperature rating conditions)
Effheating = Fossil fuel heating energy efficiency rating of equipment.
EFLHheating = Heating equivalent full-load hours

kBTU/hcooling From application.
kBTU/hheating From application.
FElecCool
If an electric heating system is present, set equal to 1.
FElecHeat
If a fossil fuel-fired heating system is present, set equal to 1.
FFuelHeat
Calculate from Baseline Efficiencies table below based on
EERbaseline
equipment type, size category and capacity.
EERee From application.


COPbaseline
COPee From application.
From Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline
Effheating,baseline
Efficiencies table below.
From application. If unknown, lookup based on building
EFLHcooling
type, vintage and location from Appendix G.
EFLHheating
type, vintage and location from Appendix G.
CF 0.69


being installed. The baseline efficiencies are calculated based on rated equipment input capacity
in BTU/h and are defined by International Energy Conservation Code325 and subsequently adopted
by the Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York State (ECCCNYS) as shown below.
The formulas in the rightmost column shall be used to establish the baseline efficiency in the units
specified (EER or COP).
Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies

Size Subcategory
Minimum Efficiency
Equipment Type Category or Rating
ECCCNYS326
(Input) Condition
PTAC (Cooling
All 95°F db
Mode) EER = 14.0 - (0.300 × Cap/1,000)
Capacities Outdoor Air
Standard Size
324
325
326
“Cap” = The rated cooling capacity of the project in BTU/h. If the unit’s capacity is less than 7,000 BTU/h, use
7,000 BTU/h in the calculation. If the unit’s capacity is greater than 15,000 BTU/h, use 15,000 BTU/h in the
calculations.”

Size Subcategory
Minimum Efficiency
ECCCNYS326
(Input) Condition
PTAC (Cooling
Mode) All 95°F db
EER = 10.9 - (0.213 × Cap/1,000)
Replacements/ Capacities Outdoor Air
Nonstandard Size327
PTHP (Cooling All 95°F db
EER = 14.0 - (0.300 × Cap/1,000)
Mode) Standard Size Capacities Outdoor Air
PTHP (Cooling
Mode) All 95°F db
EER = 10.8 - (0.213 × Cap/1,000)
Nonstandard Size
NYS:
PTHP (Heating
All COP = 3.2 – (0.026 × Cap/1,000)
Mode) —
Capacities NYC:
Standard Size
COP = 3.7 – (0.052 × Cap/1,000)
PTHP (Heating
Mode) All
— COP = 2.9 - (0.026 × Cap/1,000)
Replacements/ Capacities
Nonstandard Size
measure or system, similar to the existing measure or system, that the consumer would have
installed without the influence of the energy efficiency program. The baseline efficiency for
residential furnaces, boilers, and unit heaters is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations and
subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation Code of New York State.
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
327
Replacement/Nonstandard size units must be factory labeled as follows: “MANUFACTURED FOR
REPLACEMENT APPLICATIONS ONLY; NOT TO BE INSTALLED IN NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS.”
Replacement/Nonstandard size efficiencies apply only to units being installed in existing sleeves having an external
wall opening of less than 16 in. high or less than 42 in. wide and having a cross-sectional area less than 670 in.
328
10 CFR 430.32(e).

ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
329


The compliance condition is a high efficiency packaged terminal air conditioner or heat pump
system as defined in the Measure Description section above meeting or exceeding an efficiency
rating of 10% better than code, as outlined in the Baseline Efficiencies section.
Operating Hours
Equipment heating and cooling equivalent full load hours shall be taken from the application. If
unknown, default EFLH by facility type, vintage and location can be found in Appendix G.

Four standard size packaged terminal heat pump (PTHP) each fulfilling a cooling load of 17
kBTU/h and a heating load of 23 kBTU/h are installed in a two-story multifamily building
located near Albany constructed in 1975. The PTHP has an EER of 10.4 and a COP of 3.2. The
conditions prior to installation include an electric cooling system and a gas-fired warm air
furnace. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝐶𝐸𝐶 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹]

units = 4
(kBTU/hcooling)/unit = 17, from application
FElecCool = 1, based on application
EERbaseline = 14.0 – (0.300 x Cap/1,000) = 14.0 – (0.300 x 17,000/1,000) = 8.90
EERbaseline equation from Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies
based on equipment type of compliance equipment from application
EERee = 10.4, from application
EFLHcooling = 286, from Appendix G based on housing type, building vintage, and location
from application
(kBTU/hheating)/unit = 23, from application
FElecHeat = 0, based on application
COPbaseline = 3.2 – (0.026 x cap/1,000) = 3.2 – (0.026 x 23,000/1,000) = 2.60
COPee = 3.2, from application

EFLHheating = 1,030, from Appendix G based on housing type, building vintage, and location
from application
FFuelHeat = 1, based on application
EFFheating,baseline = 0.80 from Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline Efficiencies table
based on equipment type and building type from application
1 1 23 0 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 4 × [(17 × ( − ) × 286) + ( ×( − ) × 1,030)]
8.90 10.4 3.412 2.60 3.2
= −8,364 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 4 × [17 × ( − ) × 0.69] = 0.76 𝑘
8.90 10.4
1 1,030
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 4 × (23 × × ) = 118.5 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. AHRI Standard 310/380 – 2014: Standard for Packaged Terminal Air-Conditioners and
Heat Pumps.
Available from: https://www.ahrinet.org/search-standards/ahri-310380-packaged-
terminal-air-conditioners-and-heat-pumps-csa-c744-17
Pumps.
div8
Operated Unitary Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners, Packaged Terminal Heat Pumps,

Single-Package Vertical Air Conditioners, Single Vertical Heat Pumps, Room Air
Conditioners and Room Air Conditioner Heat Pumps, Table C403.3.22(4): Warm-Air
Record of Revision
2-20-4 2/28/2020

BOILER, FURNACE AND UNIT HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency fossil fuel-fired furnaces, boilers, and unit
heaters used for space heating. The baseline case shall be minimally code compliant equipment of
the same type and capacity as in the efficient case, which shall be sized in accordance with federal,
state, local and municipal codes and standards.
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 × ( − 1) ×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000
where:
kBTU/hin = Fuel Input Rating per unit
Effee = Efficiency of energy efficient condition
Effbaseline = Efficiency of baseline condition

Nominal heating input capacity is the nameplate input
kBTU/hin
rating of the unit in kBTU/h, from application.
Lookup based on equipment type, size and applicable
Effbaseline energy conservation code from the Baseline Efficiency
section below.
Effee From application.
Lookup based on building type and location, Appendix
EFLHheating
G.

Efficiency is expressed as the ratio between the fuel input relative to the output. The efficiency
of furnaces, boilers and unit heaters is customarily evaluated on the basis of one or more of three
standards, and are referred to as Thermal Efficiency (Et), Combustion Efficiency, (Ec) or Annual
Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE).
Presently, the AFUE value is only applicable to smaller units. For larger units, use thermal and
combustion efficiencies referenced on manufacturer’s nameplate data in accordance with
nationally recognized standards and testing agencies.


The baseline efficiency for residential furnaces, boilers, and unit heaters is defined by
the Code of Federal Regulations and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation
Code of New York State.
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
330
10 CFR 430.32(e).
331

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
Compliance Efficiencies from which Incentives are Calculated

The compliance condition is a furnace, boiler or unit heater with efficiency exceeding that of the
baseline equipment.
Operating Hours
Heating equivalent full-load hours were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of prototypical
single and multi-family residential buildings. Operating hour assumptions for the prototypical
building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for commercial buildings in
NY are shown in Appendix G.

A 120 kBTU/h warm air, gas fired furnace with 92% AFUE is installed in a single - family,
detached home located near Albany constructed in 1995. Annual Electric Energy Savings and

𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 × ( − 1) ×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000

kBTU/hin = 120, from application
Effbaseline = 0.80, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application
EFLHheating = 978, from Appendix G based on housing type, building vintage, and location from
application
0.92 978
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 120 × ( − 1) × = 17.60 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000

See Appendix P.


High efficiency furnaces may be packaged with high efficiency cooling equipment and/or
electronically commutated blower motors, which may provide electricity savings. Draft fans,
when present, will increase electricity consumption.
References
div8
2. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.3.2(4): Warm-Air Furnaces and Combination Warm-Air
Efficiency Requirements & Table C403.2.3(5): Minimum Efficiency Requirements: Gas-
and Oil-Fired Boilers.
3. 2015 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Table 4: Comparison of Service Life
Estimates.

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-32 7/31/2013
8-13-1 8/31/2013
6-15-5 6/1/2015
1-16-2 12/31/2015
6-17-5 6/30/2017
12-19-3 12/23/2019

BOILER AND FURNACE - COMBINATION (“COMBI”) BOILER AND FURNACE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of residential fossil fuel-fired combination or “combi” boilers
and furnaces, which are defined as high-efficiency, instantaneous water heaters with a heating
designation. Combi-boilers are all-in-one high-efficiency space heating systems with integrated
capability for providing instantaneous domestic hot water, while combi-furnaces supply both
domestic tankless hot water and forced air heating. These units realize energy savings through
increased thermal efficiency and by taking cold water straight from the main supply and heating it
as needed, which eliminates the need for a separate hot water storage tank and avoids standby
losses. Qualifying equipment must be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 124-2007 (RA
2016).332 This measure only applies to systems with modulating/staging capability and no water
storage tank.
This measure only captures the fossil fuel savings impacts of combi-boilers and combi-furnaces.
While electric combi-boilers exist, more investigation and research are required before an
approach for estimating associated energy savings can be developed.
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑆𝐻 + ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝐷𝐻𝑊
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑆𝐻 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − 1) ×
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 𝑅𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑒𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏
+ × × 8,760]
𝑅𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000,000
where:
ASHRAE Standard 124-2007 (RA 2016) – Methods of Testing for Rating Combination Space-Heating and
332
Water-Heating Appliances (ANSI Approved).


ΔMMBtuDHW = Annual domestic hot water savings associated with installation of a high-
efficiency combi-boiler or combi-furnace
ΔMMBtuSH = Annual space heating savings associated with installation of a high-efficiency
combi-boiler or combi-furnace
kBTU/hin = Space heating fuel input rating
AFUE = Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal energy efficiency for fossil fuel
heating equipment
GPD/unit = Gallons per day of delivered hot water per “combi” unit
ΔTmain = Average difference between the cold inlet temperature and the hot water
delivery temperature (F)
RE = Recovery efficiency
UA = Overall heat loss coefficient (BTU/h-F)

Variable Value Notes/References
Nominal heating input capacity is the nameplate
kBTU/hin
input rating of the unit in kBTU/h, from application.
AFUEbaseline See Baseline Efficiencies section below.
AFUEee From application.
Lookup based on building type and location in
EFLHheating
Appendix G.
17.2 X # of people system. If unknown, use 46 GPD multiplied by the
GPD/unit
/ units number of households and divided by the number of
units installed.333
Tmain Tset - Tmain set point temperature and the supply water
Tamb 55 Average temperature difference between water heater
333
Water Research Foundation: Residential End Uses of Water, Version 2, April 2016, p. 5; 17.2 GPD equated from
the report findings indicating an average 2.65 people per household and 45.5 GPD per household.


= Tset - Tamb set point temperature and the surrounding ambient air
temperature (°F).
Tmain in Cold Water Inlet Temperature table below based
on nearest city.
REbaseline 0.75 Gas recovery efficiency.336
UAbaseline 7.85
(BTU/h-°F).337

Supply water main temperatures vary according to climate and are approximately equal to the

City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0

334
335
temperature of 65°F to 70°F to avoid freezing. A value of 70°F is used for the purposes of estimating tank/ambient air
temperature differential, which aligns with standby loss specification testing standards.
336
Per 10 CFR 430, typical recovery efficiency of a fuel water heater, which is used for the purposes of this measure
337
Based on computation of heat loss coefficients via conversion equations found in 10 CFR 429, 430, and 431 Docket
No. EERE-2015-BT-TP-0007, Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products and Certain Commercial and
Industrial Equipment: Test Procedures for Consumer and Commercial Water Heaters. Heat loss coefficient was
calculated for a minimally code compliant fuel storage water heater found to be the most typical in terms of storage
and input capacity, representing storage type water heaters of between 20 and 55 gallon capacity (40 gallon, 40,000
BTU/h assumed). Results of heat loss coefficient evaluation for this assumed baseline is used to represent the UA baseline
term.
338
339


Space Heating Component
The baseline efficiency for the space heating component of residential combi-boilers and combi-
furnaces is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations and subsequently adopted by the Energy
Conservation Code of New York State, as shown below.
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Boiler, Hot Water, Gas < 300 kBTU/h 0.82 AFUE
Fired ≥ 300 kBTU/h and ≤ 2,500 kBTU/h 0.80 Et
340
10 CFR 430.32(e).
341

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
Domestic Hot Water Component

The baseline condition is a standard efficiency 40-gallon storage type water heater with a recovery
efficiency of 75%342 and heat loss coefficient of 7.85 BTU/h-°F.343

The compliance condition is a combi-boiler unit with a heating designation efficiency of 90%
AFUE or greater or a combi-furnace unit with a heating designation efficiency of 92% AFUE.
Qualifying systems must be equipped with modulating/staging capability and no water storage
tank. Units shall be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 124-2007 (RA 2016).344
Operating Hours
building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for residential buildings in NY
342
343
343
coefficient was calculated for a minimally code compliant fuel storage water heater found to be the most typical in
(40 gallon, 40,000 BTU/h assumed). Results of heat loss coefficient evaluation for this assumed baseline is used to
represent the UAbaseline term.
344

are shown in Appendix G.
Domestic hot water heaters are assumed to be available for operation 8,760 hours per year, and it
is assumed standby losses in the baseline case are incurred 8,760 hours per year.

A “combi” boiler with 199 kBTU/h and 90% AFUE is installed in a single - family, detached
home with 5 residents located near Albany constructed in 1995. The conditions prior to
installation include a gas-fired warm air furnace and gas storage tank water heater. Annual
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔

𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 𝑅𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑒𝑒
+ × × 8,760]
𝑅𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000,000

(kBTU/hin)/unit = 199, from application
AFUEee = 0.9, from application
AFUEbaseline = 0.80, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application
EFLHheating = 978, from Appendix G based on housing type, building vintage, and location
from application
∆Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 125 – 55.4 = 69.6
application
REbaseline = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆Tamb = 55, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
0.90 978
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑆𝐻 = 1 × 199 × ( − 1) × = 24.33 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 1
86 × 365 × 8.33 × 69.6 1 1 7.85 55
×[ ×( − )+ × × 8,760]
1,000,000 0.8 0.9 0.75 1,000,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 24.33 + 12.6 = 36.93 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.


electronically commutated blower motors, which may provide electricity savings. Draft fans, when
present, will increase electricity consumption.
References
1. ASHRAE Standard 124-2007 (RA 2016) – Methods of Testing for Rating
Combination Space-Heating and Water-Heating Appliances (ANSI Approved).
Available from:
https://www.circleofblue.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/WRF_REU2016.pdf
Temperature.
=div9
#ap10.3.430_127.c1
Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf


Available from: https://www.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome?ReturnUrl=%2f
Available from: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.515.6885
Normals.
And Oil-Fired Boilers.
10. CFR 430.32 Energy and water conservation standards and their compliance dates.
div8
Record of Revision
9-18-16 9/28/2018

DUCT SEALING AND INSULATION

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of sealing and insulation of the space heating and air
conditioning duct distribution system in the unconditioned spaces of single-family and multi-
family homes. Duct sealing and insulation reduces air and thermal leakage into unconditioned and
outdoor spaces, improving system efficiency. Sealing and insulation installed under this measure
shall meet or exceed all applicable construction code requirements. This measure is only applicable
in existing buildings. Only ductwork located in unconditioned spaces is eligible for savings.
This measure shall be implemented with the assistance of a duct-blaster test on the distribution
system pre and post-implementation. A duct blaster test, similar in concept to a whole-house
blower door test, is turned on to pressurize the duct system to 25 Pascals (a pressure which
represents typical operating pressures for forced-air systems). The airflow through the duct blaster
fan (which is displayed in cfm on the duct blaster’s manometer) equals the flow escaping through
leaks in the duct system. The results are reported as “cfm @ 25 Pascals”.
For AC and HP Units with Capacity <65,000 BTU/h
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡,𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ =
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡
12 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
× {[𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
1 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
+ [𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − )
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
× (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]}
For AC and HP Units with Capacity ≥65,000 BTU/h
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ =
× {[𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
𝐼𝐸𝐸𝑅 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 1 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
+[ × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]}
3.412 𝐶𝑂𝑃 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
For Electric Furnaces
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡,𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑘𝑊𝑖𝑛 × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒

For AC and HP Units
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡,𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 12 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐶𝐹
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝐸𝑅 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
For Fossil Fuel-Fired Furnaces
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡,𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
where:
tons = Output cooling capacity in tons (at AHRI standard rating conditions)
kBTU/hout = Output heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
kWin = Input heating capacity in kW
kBTU/hin = Input heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
lduct,uncond = Length of ductwork in each unconditioned space
lduct = Total length of ductwork
TRF = Thermal Regain Factor
SEER = Seasonal energy efficiency ratio in BTU/watt-hour. Total cooling output of an
air conditioner during its normal annual usage period for cooling in BTU,
divided by the total electric energy input during the same period in watt-hours
IEER = Integrated energy efficiency ratio in BTU/watt-hour. A weighted calculation of
mechanical cooling efficiencies at full load and part load AHRI standard rating
conditions
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions in BTU/watt-hour. Measurement
of the cooling capacity for a unit in BTU/h divided by the connected electric
power of the unit in watts (at AHRI standard rating conditions)
HSPF = Heating seasonal performance factor, total heating output (supply heat) in BTU
(including electric strip heat) during the heating season divided by the total
electric energy heat pump consumed in watt-hours
Effdist = Distribution system efficiency



tons From application.
kBTU/hout From application.
kWin From application.
kBTU/hin From application.
Lduct, uncond From application.
Lduct From application.
TRFcooling See table in the Thermal Regain Factor section below.
TRFheating See table in the Thermal Regain Factor section below.
Existing equipment nameplate SEER. For equipment rated in
SEER
SEER2, SEER2 rating shall be used.
IEER Existing equipment nameplate IEER.
Existing equipment nameplate EER. For equipment rated in
EER
EER2, EER2 rating shall be used.
Existing equipment nameplate HSPF. For equipment rated in
HSPF
HSPF2, HSPF2 rating shall be used.
COP Existing equipment nameplate COP.
Look up based on building type, vintage and location from
EFLHheating
Appendix G.
Look up based on building type, vintage and location from
EFLHcooling
Appendix G.
Look up in Appendix H for uninsulated duct system based
on building type, location and duct leakage in cooling mode.
Effdist,cooling,baseline
For duct leakage values that fall between two values in
Appendix H, interpolation is acceptable.
Look up in Appendix H for uninsulated duct system based
on building type, location and duct leakage in heating mode.
Effdist,heating,baseline
Look up in Appendix H for R-6 insulated duct system based
Effdist,cooling,ee
Look up in Appendix H for R-6 insulated duct system based
Effdist,heating,ee
CF 0.69

Thermal Regain Factor345

Some energy loss from poorly sealed and insulated ducts can be regained through conduction back
into conditioned spaces. The table below lists default thermal regain factors depending on the
location of the ductwork. Ductwork in garages, crawl spaces and under slab should be treated as
Unconditioned Basement for Appendix H lookup.
Duct Location TRFcooling TRFheating

Attic 0.10 0.10
Garage 0.10 0.10
Crawl space, unvented, uninsulated 0.60 0.60
Crawl Space, Unvented, Insulated Building Floor and
0.60 0.30
Crawl Space walls
Crawl Space, Unvented, Insulated Floor Only 0.30 0.30
Crawl Space, Vented, Uninsulated 0.60 0.55
Crawl Space, Insulated Building Floor and Crawl
0.63 0.60
Space Walls
Crawl Space, Vented, Insulated Floor Only 0.30 0.30
Basement, Uninsulated 0.50 0.50
Basement, Insulated Walls 0.60 0.60
Under-slab 0.20 0.20
For duct systems in multiple unconditioned spaces, evaluate the ductwork in each space separately
and sum together to calculate the total energy savings. For each equation, use the length of the
insulated ductwork in each specific unconditioned space.


The baseline condition is a ducted HVAC system with insufficient sealing and insulation that has
undergone duct-blaster testing. Look up baseline uninsulated distribution system efficiency from
Appendix H based on building type, location and duct total leakage. For duct leakage values that
fall between two values in Appendix H, interpolation is acceptable.

The compliance condition is a sealed and insulated duct system in a retrofit application that has
undergone post-implementation duct-blaster testing. Supply and return ducts shall be insulated to
a minimum of R-8 where 3 inches in diameter or greater and R-6 where less than 3 inches in
345
Home Energy Saver & Score: Engineering Documentation, Thermal Distribution Efficiency.
346

diameter. Total leakage shall be less than or equal to 4 cubic feet per minute per 100 ft2 of
conditioned floor area.347
Look up compliance distribution system efficiency from Appendix H based on building type,
location and duct total leakage from duct blaster test. Models for HVAC distribution efficiency
with R-8 insulation are currently under development; values associated with R-6 shall be used until
R-8 data is available.
Operating Hours
Cooling and heating equivalent full-load hours were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of
prototypical single and multi-family residential buildings. Operating hour assumptions for the
prototypical building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for residential
buildings in NY are shown in Appendix G.

Duct sealing rated at R-6 is installed on 15 feet of a 6” diameter duct system of a vented crawl
space under an insulated floor in a single-family home located near Albany. The total length of
ductwork is 15 feet. A duct-blaster test conducted prior to implementation indicates total duct
leakage of 25%, and follow up duct-blaster test conducted post implementation indicates a
total duct leakage of 15%. The home has a 3-ton central electric cooling system with 15 SEER
and 12 EER and a 70 kBTU/h gas furnace with 82% AFUE. Annual Electric Energy Savings,
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
calculated as below. Because electric heating is not present, terms related to electric heating
impacts are represented with “N/A”.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ =
× {[𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − )
× (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )] + 𝑁/𝐴}
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡,𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 12 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × (1 − )
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝐸𝑅 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
× (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐶𝐹
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡,𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − )
𝑙𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
× (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
347
ECCCNYS 2020, R403.3.1 & R403.3.4.

lduct,uncond = 15, from application

lduct = 15, from application
tons = 3, from application
SEER = 15, from application
from application
Eff dist,cooling,baseline = 0.960, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
Eff dist,cooling,ee = 0.972, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
TRFcooling = 0.3, from on Thermal Regain Factor based on insulation location
from application
Eff dist,heating,baseline = 0.953, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
Eff dist,heating,ee = 0.968, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
TRFheating = 0.3, from on Thermal Regain Factor based on insulation location
15 12 0.960
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × {[3 × × 310 × (1 − ) × (1 − 0.3)] + 0} = 6.43 𝑘𝑊ℎ
15 15 0.972
15 12 0.960
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×3× × (1 − ) × (1 − 0.3) × 0.69 = 0.018 𝑘𝑊
15 12 0.972
15 70 0.953
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 978 × (1 − ) × (1 − 0.3) = 0.743 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
15 1,000 0.968

See Appendix P.



References
1. Home Energy Saver & Score: Engineering Documentation, Thermal Distribution
Efficiency.
Available from: http://hes-documentation.lbl.gov/calculation-methodology/calculation-
of-energy-consumption/heating-and-cooling-calculation/thermal-distribution-
efficiency/thermal-distribution-efficiency
Pumps.
3. ECCCNYS 2020 R403.3.1: Insulation (Prescriptive) & R403.3.4: Duct Leakage
(Prescriptive).
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-18-5 6/26/2018

ELECTRONICALLY COMMUTATED (EC) MOTOR – HVAC BLOWER FAN

Measure Description
This measure covers the retrofit of direct-drive Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) motors with
the installation of Electronically Commutated (EC) motors on fossil fuel-fired furnace
distribution system supply fans in residential applications. Energy savings are realized through
reductions in fan power due to improved motor efficiency.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
units = Number of motors installed under the program
(∆kWh/unit) = Annual electric savings per motor installed
(∆kW/unit) = Electric demand savings per motor installed

Lookup based on location and HVAC system type in
(ΔkWh/unit)
table below.348
Central AC: 0.117
(ΔkW/unit) Derived from Focus on Energy evaluation.349
No Central AC: 0
CF 0.68
The deemed annual electric energy savings are determined for each New York location by scaling
the energy savings derived from the evaluation of a 2014 Wisconsin ECM metering study using
348
Cadmus Group, Focus on Energy Evaluated Deemed Savings Changes, November 2014.
349
Ibid.

heating degree days and cooling degree days for each location.350 The Wisconsin study metered
furnaces in 67 homes in Wisconsin in 2012 and 2013.
The total energy savings for each New York location are provided in the “Total” columns below.
The energy savings are determined by summing the savings attributed to each furnace mode:
circulation, heating and cooling. Homes with a central A/C receive the savings in the “Total (with
Central A/C)” column. Homes without a central A/C receive the savings in the “Total (without
Central A/C)”: these savings exclude the “Cooling Mode” savings. The HDD and CDD values are
based on 30-year averages of U.S annual climate normal for the period of 1991 to 2020 using base
65° F.351
Annual Energy Saved (ΔkWh/unit)

Total Total
City (with (without Circulation Heating Cooling HDD CDD
Central Central Mode Mode Mode
A/C) A/C)
Albany 414 328 211 117 86 6,391 721
Binghamton 388 342 211 131 46 7,200 383
Buffalo 403 330 211 119 73 6,502 607
Massena 406 358 211 147 48 8,030 406
NYC 422 300 211 89 122 4,900 1,017
Poughkeepsie 410 321 211 110 89 6,026 745
Syracuse 407 333 211 122 74 6,625 618


The baseline condition is a residential furnace (with or without central AC) with a direct-drive
PSC distribution system blower motor.

The compliance condition is a residential furnace (with or without central AC) with an EC
distribution system blower motor.
Operating Hours
While deemed savings are associated with operating hours, savings values are established based
on a comparison of heating and cooling degree days for various locations in NY state and
Wisconsin. As such, operating hours are not directly applied in the methodology prescribed for
350
The percent difference in HDD is applied to the Heating Mode column kWh savings and the percent difference in
the CDD is applied to the Cooling Mode column kWh savings.
351
Annual/Seasonal Normals taken from http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals
352
Cadmus Group, Focus on Energy Evaluated Deemed Savings Changes, November 2014.

this measure, though they are embedded in the derivation of deemed savings. Circulation mode
savings and by association, operating hours, are assumed to align with findings of the Wisconsin
ECM metering study. Thus, savings associated with circulation-only mode are equivalent across
all climate zones.

A PSC motor driving a central AC w/ gas furnace supply fan is replaced by an EC motor in a
single - family home located near Albany. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as
below.
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × 𝐶𝐹

(∆kWh/unit) = 414, from Annual Energy Saved (∆kWh/unit) table based on location and
conditions from application
(∆kW/unit) = 0.117, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 414 = 414 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 0.117 × 0.68 = 0.08 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
1. Cadmus Group, Inc., Focus on Energy Evaluated Deemed Savings Changes, prepared for
The Public Service Commission of Wisconsin, November 14, 2014.
Available from:
https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/FoE_Deemed_WriteUp%20CY14%20Final.
pdf

2. Cadmus Group, Inc., June 4, 2014 ECM Metering Results Memo. Delivered to Carol
Stemrich, PSC of Wisconsin.
3. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – 1991-2020 Normals.
Available from: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
1 3/31/2016
6-16-2 6/30/2016
12-17-7 12/31/2017

ELECTRONICALLY COMMUTATED (EC) MOTOR – HYDRONIC CIRCULATOR PUMP

Measure Description
This measure covers the retrofit of standard efficiency permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors
with electronically commutated (EC) motors in hydronic distribution circulators in residential
heating and cooling systems, excluding Ground Source Heat Pump ground loops. A circulator
pump is a specific type of pump used to circulate liquids in a closed distribution system. They are
commonly found circulating water in a hydronic heating or cooling system.
Circulator pumps used in hydronic systems are usually electrically powered centrifugal pumps.
When used in homes, they are often small, sealed, and rated at a fraction of a horsepower. The
sealed units used in home applications often have the motor rotor, pump impeller, and support
bearings combined and sealed within the water circuit. This avoids one of the principal challenges
faced by the larger, two-part pumps: maintaining a water-tight seal at the point where the pump
drive shaft enters the pump body.
This measure comprises two methods for estimating energy savings associated with circulator
pump replacement. The primary method relies on Hydraulic Institute listed Energy Rating (ER)
and Weighted Average Input Power (WAIP) values. 353 Because Hydraulic Institute Program
Guidelines are not a mandated rating standard, an alternative method dependent on manufacturer
published pump curves is provided.
Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings,
Hydraulic Institute Rated Circulators
𝐸𝑅 × 𝑊𝐴𝐼𝑃 × 7.46
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
𝐸𝑅 × 𝑊𝐴𝐼𝑃 × 7.46
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
353
Hydraulic Institute ER and WAIP ratings are established in accordance with HI 41.5-2021 Program Guidelines
and can be used to directly estimate ECM circulator power savings relative to a standard efficiency circulator. HI
41.5 2021 is available from: https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/hi/hi412021

Alternative Method
𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑊𝑒𝑒
1,000
1,000
Note: Calculate the hhp to use the table of wattages:
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑85% × 𝑄85%
ℎℎ𝑝85% =
3,960
where:
ΔkWhcooling = Annual electric energy savings attributable to hydronic cooling system
ΔkWhheating = Annual electric energy savings attributable to hydronic heating system
ER = Energy Rating, from Hydraulic Institute Energy Rating label
WAIP = Weighted Average Input Power, from Hydraulic Institute Energy Rating label
hrscooling = Relevant system operating hours during the cooling season
hrsheating = Relevant system operating hours during the heating season
W = Equipment wattage
hhp85% = Hydraulic horsepower at 85% of shutoff head
Head85% = Pump head (ft) at 85% of shutoff head, from pump curve
Q85% = Flow (gpm) at 85% of shutoff head, from pump curve

1,000 = Conversion factor (W/kW), 1,000 watts equals one kW

7.46 = Conversion factor, from Hydraulic Institute
3,960 = Conversion from flow rate in gpm and pump head in ft to hhp

From application, based on Hydraulic Institute Energy
ER
Rating label for the appropriate control method.
WAIP
System w/
Hydronic Cooling assumes three months (92 days) of 24 hour
hrscooling
Cooling: 2,208 operation.
Otherwise: 0
System w/
Hydronic Heating based on Assessment of New Energy Efficient
hrsheating
Heating: 5,256 Circulator Pump Technology.354
Otherwise: 0
Lookup from table below based on EC circulator
hydraulic horsepower. Interpolation based on hydraulic
horsepower of the data in the table is acceptable for
Wbaseline
circulator motor hhp not provided. Application hhp shall
be calculated based on pump curve at 85% of shutoff
head (ft) and corresponding flowrate (GPM).
hydraulic horsepower. Interpolation based on hydraulic
horsepower of the data in the table is acceptable for
Wee
circulator motor hhp not provided. Application hhp shall
be calculated based on pump curve at 85% of shutoff
head (ft) and corresponding flowrate (GPM).
Head85% From application, based on pump curve.
Q85% From application, based on pump curve.
Heating: N/A
CF
Cooling: 0.8
Assessment of New Energy Efficient Circulator Pump Technology, pg. 3-11. Assumed circulator pump is utilized
354
60% of the year (0.60*8,760 = 5,256).

Baseline and Efficient Circulator Wattages355

Approximate PSC Circulator
EC Circulator hhp Wbaseline Wee
Equivalent Rated hp
0.002 1/40 60 15
0.009 1/40 77 29
0.016 1/25 96 40
0.023 1/25 124 53
0.030 1/12 132 58
0.097 1/6 269 138
0.099 1/6 282 145
0.57 1 962 555

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor for heating is N/A.
The prescribed value for the coincidence factor for cooling is 0.8.356

The baseline condition is a hydronic circulator pump operating with a standard permanent split-
capacitor (PSC) motor in a residential heating and/or cooling system. Where ECM circulator is not
rated by Hydraulic Institute, lookup baseline wattage from Baseline and Efficient Circulator
Wattages table above.

The compliance condition is a hydronic circulator pump operating with a high efficiency EC motor
in a residential heating and/or cooling system. Where ECM circulator is not rated by Hydraulic
Institute, lookup compliance case wattage from Baseline and Efficient Circulator Wattages table
above. High efficiency circulators may include better impeller design that will further increase
kWh savings, but these benefits are not considered in the prescribed savings estimation
methodology.
Operating Hours
Annual circulator operating hours in a hydronic heating system are assumed to be 5,256, based on
assumed 60% utilization of circulator pump. Savings will be less if the circulator cycles on and off
with calls for heating.
Annual circulator operating hours in a hydronic cooling system are assumed to be 2,208, reflective
355
Working Group Presentation: Circulator Pumps Appliance Standards and Rulemaking Federal Advisory
Committee (ASRAC) Working Group, Ninth Meeting; Analysis Pre-meeting. Baseline and energy efficient case
Wattages are projected based on the engineering analysis presented by the working group. Wattage was calculated
based on flow and head (Slides 56-59) and wire-to-water efficiency (67-74) of 8 representative unit groupings of
motors based on hydraulic horsepower taken at four BEP loads at 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%. The efficiencies of
Single Speed Induction (EL 0) was applied as the baseline case and Single Speed ECM was applied as the energy
efficient case (EL2). The four BEP wattages were averaged (Slide 4) to determine a resultant wattage.
356

of utilization of cooling systems for three months out of the year.

A PSC circulator pump motor in a hydronic heating system is replaced with an EC motor with
a Hydraulic Institute Rating of 188 ER and 0.077 WAIP. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑁/𝐴
𝐸𝑅 × 𝑊𝐴𝐼𝑃 × 7.46
1,000

ER = 188, from application
WAIP = 0.077, from application
hrsheating = 5,256, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
188 × 0.077 × 7.46

∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 1 × ( ) × 5,256 = 567.60 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0 + 567.60 = 567.60 𝑘𝑊ℎ

See Appendix P.

Higher efficiency circulators may lead to increased fuel consumption. Reduction in waste heat
from increased efficiency in motors results in additional heating requirement. These effects are
negligible and therefore not quantified in this methodology.

Higher efficiency circulators may lead to reduced electric consumption. Reduction in waste heat
from increased efficiency in motors results in decreased cooling requirement. These effects are
negligible and therefore not quantified in this methodology.

References
1. Hydraulic Institute Energy Rating.
Available from: https://er.pumps.org/ratings/home
2. Hydraulic Institute, Program Guideline for Circulator Pump Energy Rating Program (HI
41.5-2021).
Available from: https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/hi/hi412021
3. Assessment of New Energy Efficient Circulator Pump Technology, Electric Power
Research Institute, November 2010.
Available from:
https://publicdownload.epri.com/PublicDownload.svc/product=000000000001020132/ty
pe=Product
4. Working Group Presentation: Circulator Pumps Appliance Standards and Rulemaking
Federal Advisory Committee (ASRAC) Working Group, Ninth Meeting; Analysis Pre-
meeting, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office, November 7, 2016.
Available from: https://www.regulations.gov/document/EERE-2016-BT-STD-0004-0075
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-18-4 6/26/2018
3-22-4 4/29/2022

ENERGY AND HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATOR

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) and Heat Recovery
Ventilator (HRV) equipment. ERVs and HRVs reduce heating and cooling loads while
maintaining required ventilation rates by facilitating heat transfer between outgoing conditioned
air and incoming outdoor air. ERVs and HRVs employ air-to-air heat exchangers to recover energy
from exhaust air for the purpose of pre-conditioning outdoor air prior to supplying the conditioned
air to the space, either directly or as part of an air-conditioning system. 357 This measure only
applies in cases where ERV/HRV functionality is not required by federal, state, local or municipal
codes or standards. For the purposes of this measure, ERVs and HRVs are distinguished as follows:
Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV)

Transfers both sensible (heat content) and latent (moisture content) heat between supply and
exhaust airstreams.
Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV)

Transfers sensible heat only between supply and exhaust airstreams.
(for ERVs)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 )
4.5 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × ∆𝐻 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑥,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
1,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 24
1.08 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑥,𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠

∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
1,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝐶𝐹𝑀 𝑊𝑓𝑎𝑛,𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦) − ( )] × 365
1,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 𝐶𝐹
8,760 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
357
AHRI GUIDELINE V (I-P)-2011 Calculating the Efficiency of Energy Recovery Ventilation and its Effect on
Efficiency and Sizing of Building HVAC Systems.


𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
(for HRVs)
1.08 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝐶𝐷𝐷 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑥,𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
1,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦) − ( )] × 365
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 𝐶𝐹

where:
baseline = Property of the baseline or existing condition
ee = Property of the efficient condition
heating = Property of heating season
cooling = Property of cooling season
fan = Property of system fan
CFM = Maximum rated CFM of the proposed ERV/HRV
ΔH = Product of the difference between outdoor air and return air enthalpies (Btu/lb
air) at each outdoor air enthalpy bin and the number of hours at each bin (Btu-
h/lb)

Effhx,total = Total Effectiveness of heat exchanger rated in accordance with AHRI Standard
1060358 or Total Recovery Efficiency rated in accordance with HVI 920359
Effhx,sens = Sensible Effectiveness of heat exchanger rated in accordance with AHRI
Standard 1060360 or Sensible Recovery Efficiency rated in accordance with HVI
920361
EffElecCool = Seasonal average energy efficiency of electric cooling equipment, BTU/watt-
hour, using either SEER (<65,000 BTU/h) or IEER (>65,000 BTU/h)
EffElecHeat = Seasonal average energy efficiency of electric heating equipment. Heating
Seasonal Performance Factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output (supply
heat) in BTU (including resistance heating) during the heating season / total
electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour); if equipment efficiency is
reported in COP, convert to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412
hrs/day = Average daily run time, in hours, when ERV/HRV is in recovery mode
FElecCool = Electric cooling factor, used to account for the presence or absence of a central
heating system
fuel heating system
Efffan,baseline = Base case exhaust fan efficiency (CFM/W)
Wfan,ee = Total rated wattage of ERV/HRV fans
HDD = Heating Degree Days. The number of degrees that a day's average temperature
which buildings need to be heated. The baseline temperature is typically 65°F, but
may vary based on application.
CDD = Cooling Degree Days. The number of degrees that a day's average temperature
which buildings need to be cooled. The baseline temperature is typically 65°F, but
EFLHcooling = Equivalent full-load cooling hours
4.5 = Density of inlet air at 70ºF x 60 min/hr, in lb-min/ft3-hr
1.08 = Specific heat of air × density of inlet air @ 70°F × 60 min/hr362 in BTU/h-ºF-
CFM
24 = Hours in a day
365 = Days in year
358
AHRI Standard 1060 for Performance Rating of Air-to-Air Exchangers for Energy Recovery Ventilation
Equipment.
359
HVI Publication 920 Product Performance Certification Procedure Including Verification and Challenge
360
Equipment.
361
362

8,760 = Hours in a year


CFM From application.
Lookup from Derivation of DH Values using Bin
ΔH
Analysis table below based on location.
From application. If unknown, refer to ERV/HRV
Effhx,total
Defaults table below.
Effhx,sens
From application or use 14 SEER, assuming a 3-ton
EffElecCool central ASHP system.363 For equipment rated in SEER2,
SEER2 rating shall be used.
From application or use 8.2 HSPF, assuming a 3-ton
central ASHP system.364 For electric resistance heating
and electric furnaces, use 3.4 HSPF. If taken from
EffElecHeat application, COP must be converted to HSPF using the
equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412. Use HSPF2 if
equipment has an HSPF2 rating. For electric resistance
heat, use 3.412 HSPF.
From application, Ec, Et, or AFUE shall be used, based
on nameplate rating metric of existing equipment. If
EffFuelHeat
unknown, lookup in tables below based on equipment
type and size.
hrs/day 19.2 See Operating Hours section below.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building has a central electric
FElecCool
cooling system. Otherwise, use 0.0.
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise use 0.0.
Efffan,baseline 2.8 CFM/W Per IECC.365
Wfan,ee
From application. If unknown, lookup based on location
HDD
in Heating and Cooling Degree Days table below.
CDD
363
10 CFR 430.32 (c)(1).
364
Ibid.
365
IECC 2018 Table R403.6.1


Lookup based on building type, vintage and location
EFLHcooling
from Appendix G.
CF 0.69
ERV/HRV Defaults366
Residence Type CFM Effhx,sens Effhx,total Wfan,ee
Single-family 153 0.73 0.56 52
Multi-family 64 0.67 0.48 38
Derivation of H Values using Bin Analysis

To account for the full benefits of an ERV transferring sensible and latent heat between supply
and exhaust airstreams, it is necessary to establish the aggregate enthalpy difference between
outside air and return air (i.e., desired indoor air conditions) across the entire cooling season. To
accomplish this, a bin analysis was conducted for each standard weather city to determine the
number of hours the outside air dry bulb temperature fell within each 5F bin and the average air
enthalpy within each temperature bin. The results were then input into the below algorithm:
𝛥𝐻 = ∑(𝐻𝑂𝐴 − 𝐻𝑅𝐴 ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑖𝑛
where:
h/lb)
HOA = Average enthalpy at the outdoor air dry bulb temperature bin (per the Outdoor
Air Temperature & Enthalpy table below)
HRA = Enthalpy of the return air (assumed constant 25.3 Btu/lb based on 70F and
50% RH indoor air conditions).
hrsbin = Hours during which the outdoor air dry bulb temperature fell within the bin
range (per the Bin Hours table below)
The resultant ΔH values for each standard weather city are presented in the table below.
City ΔH
Albany 7,656
Binghamton 3,973
Buffalo 6,793
Massena 5,165
NYC 14,315
Poughkeepsie 9,599
366
Table of ERV/HRV Default Values is based on all available ERV Certified Data from file ‘HVIProd_ER.xlsx’
published by Home Ventilating Institute (This table lists certified values of 387 models of ERVs. The default values
above assume that Single-family residences will install ERVs with Heating CFM > 75 and Multi-family residences
will install ERVs with Heating CFM <= 75 cfm. The respective default values represent arithmetic averages of the
respective HVI ERV values separated into these two ERV CFM ranges.

City ΔH
Syracuse 7,296
Outdoor Air Temperature & Enthalpy367

Outdoor air dry bulb temperature bins and corresponding average enthalpy by city across a typical
climatological year is presented in the table below.
DB
Mid-Point Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
Temperature
(°F) (Btu/lb) (Btu/lb) (Btu/lb) (Btu/lb) (Btu/lb) (Btu/lb) (Btu/lb)
Range (°F)
95 to 100 97.5 24.30 24.26 24.26 24.26 24.26 24.26 24.26
90 to 95 92.5 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06
85 to 90 87.5 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86
80 to 85 82.5 20.66 20.66 20.66 20.66 33.96 32.91 32.59
75 to 80 77.5 30.88 30.24 30.56 30.69 32.24 30.99 30.84
70 to 75 72.5 28.75 28.65 28.88 28.72 30.54 29.07 28.73
65 to 70 67.5 27.06 26.70 27.08 26.67 27.22 27.27 27.19
60 to 65 62.5 24.27 24.79 24.33 24.82 23.80 24.42 24.53
55 to 60 57.5 21.07 21.60 21.31 21.74 20.81 21.29 21.35
50 to 55 52.5 18.56 18.82 18.76 18.99 18.32 18.72 18.80
45 to 50 47.5 16.28 16.50 16.47 12.88 15.98 16.28 16.52
40 to 45 42.5 14.19 14.36 14.40 14.45 13.90 14.24 14.40
35 to 40 37.5 12.25 12.37 12.50 12.52 11.92 12.14 12.47
30 to 35 32.5 10.37 10.59 10.66 10.68 10.33 10.35 10.55
25 to 30 27.5 8.73 8.85 8.95 8.83 8.85 8.85 8.88
20 to 25 22.5 7.19 7.31 7.43 7.19 6.23 7.32 7.31
15 to 20 17.5 5.77 5.90 5.03 5.68 5.03 5.03 5.90
10 to 15 12.5 3.83 3.83 3.83 4.23 3.83 3.83 3.83
5 to 10 7.5 2.63 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64
0 to 5 2.5 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43
-5 to 0 -2.5 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
-10 to -5 -7.5 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97
-15 to -10 -12.5 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17
-20 to -15 -17.5 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37
-25 to -20 -22.5 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57
-30 to -25 -27.5 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77
-35 to -30 -32.5 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97
-40 to -35 -37.5 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18
Bin Hours368
Number of hours the outdoor air dry bulb temperature falls within each bin range by city across a
typical climatological year is presented in the table below.
DB Mid-
Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie
Temperature Point Syracuse
(hrs) (hrs) (hrs) (hrs) (hrs) (hrs)
Range (°F) (°F)
95 to 100 97.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
90 to 95 92.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
85 to 90 87.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
80 to 85 82.5 124 0 0 0 246 394 42
75 to 80 77.5 556 195 520 483 698 489 619
70 to 75 72.5 608 574 678 489 1115 578 561
65 to 70 67.5 884 776 916 649 780 832 866
367
NCEI 1991-2020 Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals.
368
Ibid.

DB Mid-
Range (°F) (°F)
60 to 65 62.5 865 1071 859 959 717 876 893
55 to 60 57.5 659 735 622 714 707 663 648
50 to 55 52.5 624 648 645 615 735 636 623
45 to 50 47.5 617 636 635 584 746 667 630
40 to 45 42.5 621 626 652 582 882 643 626
35 to 40 37.5 675 670 715 550 1197 811 700
30 to 35 32.5 822 730 819 619 858 963 762
25 to 30 27.5 1056 1157 1246 571 79 839 1139
20 to 25 22.5 608 878 453 886 0 369 650
15 to 20 17.5 41 64 0 731 0 0 1
10 to 15 12.5 0 0 0 328 0 0 0


The baseline condition for this measure is a single or multi-family dwelling with an ASHRAE
62.2-compliant exhaust fan system with no heat or energy recovery.
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
369
Referenced by M. M. Straub, Using Available Information for Efficient Evaluation of Demand-Side Management
370
10 CFR 430.32(e).
371

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et

The compliance condition for this measure is a building with an ASHRAE 62.2-compliant
exhaust fan system equipped with AHRI 1060 or HVI 920 certified ERV or HRV components.
Operating Hours
The equipment is oversized such that it is able to provide necessary ventilation on the design
heating day despite having to run in defrost mode more often. The assumption made is that the
system is oversized by 25% to achieve this and that this results in an average daily runtime over
the course of the year of 19.2 hours/day (80% of 24 hours) to adequately ventilate the home.
Default HDD and CDD are presented in the table below for use in this methodology.


City HDD CDD
Albany 6,391 721
Buffalo 6,502 607
Massena 8,030 406
NYC 4,900 1,017
Syracuse 6,625 618

An ERV delivering 70 CFM is installed in a high-rise multifamily building built in 1970 with
an existing ½ hp exhaust fan system of 70% efficiency located near Albany. The ERV has a
sensible effectiveness of 88% and total effectiveness of 68%, and operates for 19.2 hours per
day. The building is cooled by a central air conditioner with 13 SEER and heated by an 80%
thermal efficient gas furnace. The ERV fan has a motor efficiency of 80%, a mechanical
efficiency of 65% and a rated wattage of 90W. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak


∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦) − ( )] × 365
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 𝐶𝐹
8,760 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻

372

CFM = 70, from application

Effhx,total = 0.68, from application
ΔH = 7,656, from Derivation of DH Values using Bin Analysis table
Hrs/day = 19.2 hours, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
HDD = 6,391, from Operating Hours Section
FElecCool = 1, from application
Efffan,baseline = 2.8 CFM/W, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Effhx,sens = 0.88, from application
EffElecHeat = N/A, from application
Wfan,ee = 90, from application
EFLHcooling = 686, from Appendix G based on building type, vintage and location
EffFuelHeat = 0.80, from application
FFuelHeat = 1, from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (100.91 + 0 + 142.35) = 243.26 𝑘𝑊ℎ
4.5 × 70 × 7656 × 0.68 19.2

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × × 1 = 100.91 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 × 13 24
70 90
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × 19.2) − ( )] × 365 = 142.35 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 × 2.8 1,000
142.35 100.91
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 0.69 = 0.11 𝑘𝑊
8,760 686
1.08 × 70 × 6391 × 0.88

𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 19.2 × 1 = 10.20 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 × 0.80

See Appendix P.



Employing ERVs in the winter may exchange latent heat decreasing the need to run a humidifier,
but the impact is expected to be negligible and is not quantified in the prescribed estimation
methodology for this measure at this time.
References
div8
3. AHRI GUIDELINE V (I-P)-2011 Calculating the Efficiency of Energy Recovery
Ventilation and its Effect on Efficiency and Sizing of Building HVAC Systems.
Available from: https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/AHRI_Guideline_V_I-
P_2011.pdf
4. AHRI Standard 1060 (I-P), 2018 Standard for Performance Rating of Air-to-Air
Exchangers for Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment.
Available from: https://www.airxchange.com/wp-
content/uploads/2020/10/AHRI_Standard_1060_I-P_2018.pdf
5. HVI Publication 920 Product Performance Certification Procedure Including Verification
and Challenge, February 2020.
Available from: https://www.hvi.org/hvi-certified-ratings-programs/hvi-certification-
program-policies-and-procedures/
6. NOAA National Center for Environmental Information – NCEI 1991 – 2020
Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals.
Pumps.
8. International Energy Conservation Code 2018, table R403.6.1 Whole dwelling
mechanical ventilation system efficacy.
energy-efficiency

Record of Revision
7-20-2 7/31/2020
6-22-5 9/2/2022
3-23-8 3/31/2023
6-23-4 7/14/2023

HEAT PUMP – AIR SOURCE (CCASHP)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of cold climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP) systems 373
with total rated heating capacity less than 300,000 BTU/h that provide heating and cooling in for
space conditioning in residential applications.374 An air source heat pump is a product, other than
a packaged terminal heat pump or single package vertical heat pump, which is powered by single
phase electricity, air cooled, not contained within the same cabinet as a furnace with rated capacity
above 225,000 BTU/h, and operates as a heat pump in both heating and cooling mode. This
measure applies to central ducted systems, single zone split-systems with ductless indoor units that
may be wall-mounted, floor-mounted, or ceiling-mounted and multi-zone split systems with one
outdoor section and multiple indoor sections. These indoor sections may be a combination of
ductless or compact ducted units.
This measure is based on several assumptions consistent with best practice design for a quality
ASHP installation:
• Residential NYS code and Federal Standard (ECCCNYS 2020, Code of Federal
Regulations 10 CFR 430.32) or local legislation applicable at the time of installation should
be referenced for correct baseline system and efficiency values.
• Systems shall be sized in accordance with ACCA Manual S based on building design loads
calculated in accordance with ACCA Manual J or other approved heating and cooling
calculation methodologies.375,376
• The building design heating load in New York typically exceeds the design cooling load,
therefore it is assumed that the ASHP is sized for the building or zone heat load.
The applicability of this measure for a whole-house application is limited to an ASHP system that
is sized and installed to provide between 90% and 120% of the design heating load.377 For a whole
house application scenario, when the system is sized such that supplemental electric resistance
heat is included within the heat pump to help meet the design heating load, the efficiency of the
resistance heating is assumed to be equal to 1 in this analysis. Smaller system sizes are allowable
for heating displacement applications in conformance with the NEEP Guide to Sizing & Selecting
Air-Source Heat Pumps in Cold Climates378.
373
NEEP Cold Climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP) Specification (Version 4.0) effective January 1, 2023
374
“Residential application” means detached one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses not more than three
stories above-grade in height with a separate means of egress and their accessory structures, and one-family
dwellings converted to bed and breakfast dwellings.
375
ECCCNYS 2020, Section R403.7.
376
ECCCNYS 2020 requires that systems serving multiple dwelling units follow Sections C403 and C404.
377
Code reference above. The 90% minimum does not include supplemental heat. Note that Manual S allows use of
low-speed cooling capacity to determine the cooling size limit of 115% of design total cooling load.
378
neep.org/sites/default/files/Sizing & Selecting ASHPs In Cold Climates.pdf

The ASHP efficiency must meet the Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) Cold
Climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP) Specification (Version 4.0) effective January 1, 2023.
The specification uses AHRI-certified performance ratings and manufacturer reported data to
describe the efficiency and capacity of the unit under full and part load conditions. This equipment
is rated under ANSI/AHRI 210/240.
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ((𝐵𝐶𝐿 × ×( − ) × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
1,000 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒
1 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 1 1
+ (𝐵𝐻𝐿 × ×( − )× × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 3.412
× 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙 )
1 1
− (𝐵𝐻𝐿 × × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑛𝑒𝑤 × × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙 )))
1,000 3.412
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝐵𝐶𝐿 × ×( − ) × 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅 𝑒𝑒
1 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝐵𝐻𝐿 × × × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙
1,000,000 𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
BCL = Building Cooling Load at design conditions (BTU/h)
BHL = Building Heating Load at design conditions (BTU/h)
FElecHeat,new = New electric heating factor; used to account for a new heat pump’s reliance
on supplemental electric resistance heat to meet full heating load
FFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating factor; used to account for the presence or absence of a
fossil fuel heating system
EER = Full load energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour)
EERseason = Seasonally adjusted average energy efficiency (BTU/watt-hour)

COP = Coefficient of performance for heating, ratio of output energy/input energy

COPseason = Seasonally adjusted average coefficient of performance
AFUE = Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal efficiency for fossil fuel heating
equipment
BEFLHcooling = Cooling equivalent full-load hours based on building design load
BEFLHheating = Heating equivalent full-load hours based on building design load
Fload,cooling = Adjustment factor to account for the portion of the seasonal379 cooling load
met by the heat pump
Fload,heating = Adjustment factor to account for the portion of the seasonal380 heating load
Fctrl = Factor to modify heating load fraction when optional control features are
used.
1,000 = Conversion factor, one kilowatt equals 1,000 watts

BCL Building cooling load at design conditions, from application.
BHL Building heating load at design conditions, from application.
If the baseline heating system is an electric system, set equal to
FElecHeat
1. Otherwise, set equal to 0.
If the efficient case heat pump system relies on newly installed
FElecHeat,new supplemental electric resistance heat capacity to meet the peak
load, set equal to 1. Otherwise, set equal to 0.
If the baseline heating system is a fossil fuel system, set equal
FFuelHeat
to 1. Otherwise, set equal to 0.
Electric cooling seasonal energy efficiency rating of baseline
SEERbaseline
equipment. See Baseline Efficiencies section below for details.
Electric cooling full load energy efficiency rating of baseline
EERbaseline
Electric cooling full load energy efficiency rating of efficient
EERee equipment. See Compliance Efficiency section below for
details.
Seasonally adjusted energy efficiency ratio of the efficient
EERseason,ee equipment. See Compliance Efficiency section below for
details.
379
Fraction of annual (vs. design) cooling load served by the equipment as shown in the Cooling Load Factor table.
380
Fraction of annual (vs. design) heating load served by the equipment as shown in the Heating Load Factor table.


Seasonally adjusted Coefficient of Performance of the baseline
equipment. The assumed COP of an electric resistance/electric
COPseason,baseline
furnace system is 1.0. If the baseline is a conventional
ASHP381, use the baseline calculations below.
Seasonally adjusted Coefficient of Performance of the efficient
COPseason,ee equipment. See Compliance Efficiency section below for
details.
Seasonal fuel energy efficiency of the baseline equipment. See
AFUEbaseline
Baseline Efficiency section below for details.
Lookup based on building type, vintage and location from the
BEFLHcooling
appropriate table in the Operating Hours section below.
BEFLHheating
Lookup based on equipment sizing and control parameters from
Fload,cooling
the Cooling Load Factor table below.
Fload,heating
the Heating Load Factor table below.
Lookup based on optional control features Control Factor table
Fctrl
(equals 1 for default control)
CF 0.69


The baselines used in this measure are determined by the type of equipment that would have been
installed without the influence of the program supporting the installation of this measure. This
allows for an analysis that does not depend on a typical ‘like-for-like’ replacement scenario.
For LMI applications, existing condition baseline shall be established based on nameplate or
measured efficiency.
An ASHP system can be considered a normal replacement scenario for electric resistance heating
(with or without a central electric cooling system), an ASHP system (that provides space heating
and cooling), or a fossil fuel fired heating system (with or without a central electric cooling
system). The tables below provide baseline efficiencies for electric cooling and heating and fossil
fuel fired heating systems.
381
In this context, “conventional ASHP” is defined as a minimally code-compliant non-NEEP listed ASHP with
efficiency ratings as indicated in the Baseline Efficiencies section below.
382

For scenarios where there is new construction or substantial renovation, the baseline is assumed to
be a fossil fuel fired warm air furnace of the fuel type most likely to be installed at the project site
without the influence of the program with a central air conditioning system.
The baseline efficiency for electric cooling and heating systems is defined by the Code of Federal

Seasonal Energy Energy Heating Seasonal
Product Class Efficiency Ratio Efficiency Ratio Performance
(SEER)383 (EER) Factor (HSPF)384
Split System – Air
Conditioner (<45 13.0 11.2 N/A
kBTU/h)
Conditioner (≥45 13.0 11.2 N/A
and <65 kBTU/h)
Single Package – Air
14.0 11.8 N/A
Conditioner
Split System – Heat
14.0 11.8 8.2
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.0 11.8 8.2
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 14.0 11.8 8.0
kBTU/h)
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
383
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
384
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
385
10 CFR 430.32(e).

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6387
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
For scenarios where the baseline heating system is electric resistance heat or an electric furnace,
the baseline efficiency is assumed to be a COP of 1.0.
For scenarios where the baseline heating system is a conventional ASHP, additional consideration
is given to account for the significant difference between the rating conditions for HSPF and the
typical operating conditions in New York State, as shown below.
The HSPF is the AHRI-rated heating seasonal average efficiency expressed in terms of BTU/watt-
hour. A seasonally adjusted COPbaseline of a conventional air-source heat pump is used in the above
equations. This adjusted baseline COP shall be calculated as:
386
387
AFUE: Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency; Et: Thermal Efficiency; Ec: Combustion Efficiency

𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 × 𝐹𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 =
3.412
where:
HSPF = Heating seasonal performance factor of the baseline system
FHSPF = HSPF Climate Adjustment Factor, from table below
HSPF Climate Adjustment Factor (FHSPF) for Conventional ASHP Used as a Baseline
City HSPF < 8.5 HSPF ≥ 8.5
Albany 0.70 0.67
Buffalo 0.73 0.70
Massena 0.59 0.56
NYC 0.80 0.78
Syracuse 0.69 0.66
For scenarios where the baseline cooling system is a conventional ASHP, climate adjustment
factors for cooling efficiency are not provided. Differences between SEER rating conditions and
typical operating conditions in New York State and cooling load are anticipated to have negligible
impact on predicted savings.

ASHPs are rated under ANSI/AHRI 210/240. Cold climate ASHPs must meet the Northeast
Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) Cold Climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP)
Specification (Version 4.0) effective January 1, 2023. The specification uses AHRI-certified
performance ratings and manufacturer reported data to describe the efficiency and capacity of the
unit under full and part load condition.
The average seasonal heating efficiency for an ASHP with a variable speed compressor is
calculated as:
1
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 × 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 ×
3.412
The average seasonal cooling efficiency for a ccASHP with a variable speed compressor is
calculated as:
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = 𝑐 + 𝑑 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅
where:
a&b = Offset and slope coefficients from Tables below for heating (select based on
city and scenario)

c&d = Offset and slope coefficients from Tables below for cooling (select based on
city and scenario)
HSPF = Rated Heating Season Performance Factor from AHRI or derived based on
guidance in Efficiency Conversion section below
SEER = Rated Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio from AHRI or derived based on
Note that the cooling efficiency adjustments are quite large for some ASHP units (mini-splits)
but much smaller for central ducted ASHP units. For the baseline conventional ASHP we assume
that no adjustment to SEER is required. Appendix F in the ASHP White Paper explains why
some ASHP units require a cooling efficiency adjustment while others do not.

Variable Value Source
Coefficients to represent offset and slope from the table below to
a&b determine seasonal heating efficiency (COPseason,ee) from HSPF. Depends
on city and scenario.
c&d determine seasonal cooling efficiency (EERseason,ee) from SEER. Depends
Rated heating season performance factor from AHRI or derived based on
HSPF
Rated seasonal energy efficiency ratio from AHRI or derived based on
SEER
Efficiency Conversion
For equipment with seasonal heating and cooling efficiency ratings in HSPF2 and SEER2 per
AHRI, respectively, efficiency ratings shall be converted to HSPF and SEER as follows:
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 = 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹2/𝐹𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹2
𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 = 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅2/𝐹𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅2
Where FHSPF2 and FSEER2 are established based on equipment type per the table below.388
Equipment Type FHSPF2 FSEER2

Ductless System389 0.90 1.00
Centrally Ducted Split System390 0.85 0.95
388
Conversion factors developed by AHRI and adopted by RESNET, as published in Draft PDS-02 MINHERS®
Addendum 71f, SEER/HSPF2 Conversions, RESNET, January 2023
389
Applies to all scenarios labeled 2 and 3 (i.e., 2a – 2h and 3a – 3c) in the Whole Building and Displacement
Scenarios table below
390
Applies to all scenarios labeled 1 and 4 (i.e., 1a – 1d and 4a – 4d) in the Whole Building and Displacement


Centrally Ducted Single Packaged System 0.84 0.95
The scenarios shown in the first column of the Whole Building and Displacement Scenarios table
below represent various specific applications of heat pumps, with heat pump type, sizing, and
control strategy shown. These scenarios may be considered “sub-measures” of this measure391.
Assigning applicable scenario(s) to program participants or participant groups is the responsibility
of program designers and implementers. For reference, the control strategies listed in the Whole
Building and Displacement Scenarios table below are defined as follows:
• Separate: The ASHP and backup heating system are on separate thermostats and there is
no effort to lock out the heat pump at cold temperatures when the backup system is running.
• Integrated: The ASHP and backup heating system are on the same thermostat. The backup
heater can modulate (or cycle ON and OFF) to meet the load without limiting the ASHP
from delivering its maximum capacity. Also called “Droop” control in the Clean Heat
Program.
The Separate and Integrated control options in the table only apply to the Part Load or
Displacement scenarios. The impact of optional control features for Whole Building or Full Load
are accounted for by the control factor (Fctrl) in the table below. “Single-zone ductless” means the
equipment is single-zone (1-to-1 indoor to outdoor units). There may be multiple single-zone
systems to achieve the HP sizing shown. When multiple HPs are used, the capacity-weighted rated
efficiencies (HSPF, SEER, and EER) for the installed units need to be determined. For both cooling
and heating efficiencies, use the rated cooling capacity at 95°F for each unit to find the weighted
average for HSPF, SEER and EER.
Whole Building and Displacement Scenarios

HP Sizing
Scenario Description ASHP Type Application Controls
Parameter
1a – 1c Central, Whole or 0.9

Central ASHP (see Fctrl table)
Ducted Full Load
1d 1.0
2a 0.3
2b Separate 0.5
2c Displace or 0.7
Ductless Mini-Spilt sized
2d Single-Zone Part Load 0.3
at 30%, 50%, 70% and
2e Ductless Integrated 0.5
90/100%
2f 0.7
2g Whole or 0.9
(see Fctrl table)
2h Full Load 1.0
Displace or
3a Separate 0.7
Ductless Multi-Split sized Multi-Zone Part Load
3b to 70% and 90/100% Ductless Whole or 0.9
(see Fctrl table)
3c Full Load 1.0
391
Detailed descriptions of these scenarios and their parameters are found in the white paper Savings Calculations
for Residential Air Source Heat Pumps: The Basis for Modifying EFLH and Seasonal Efficiency Factors for “Whole
House” and “Displacement” Applications, Tables 2 and 3, and the associated narrative.

HP Sizing
Parameter
4a Displace or 0.5
Compact Ducted Mini- Single-Zone Separate
4b Part Load 0.7
Split sized to 50% ,70% Compact
4c Whole or 0.9
and 90/100% Ducted (see Fctrl table)
4d Full Load 1.0
The HP Sizing Parameter should be determined using the maximum heating capacity at 17F
(QH17,max) for projects best represented by the New York City climate zone and maximum heating
capacity at 5°F from the NEEP Cold Climate Heat Pump List (QH5,max) otherwise. BHL is the
design heating load for the home:
HP Sizing Parameter = (QH17,max or QH5,max) / BHL
The HP Sizing Parameter corresponds to the rightmost column in the Whole Building and
Displacement Scenarios table above. Choose an appropriate scenario, then use the coefficients
from the tables below to determine the seasonal efficiencies and load factors. When the HP Sizing
Parameter falls between the values in the column, use the scenario with the lower value.
Note that the HP Sizing Parameter is a factor of convenience for use in this section. It is not
necessarily the same as the Actual Sizing Ratio that the participating installers must determine to
comply with code and satisfy any requirements established for full load sizing.
Actual HP Sizing = QH @ Tdes / BHL ≠ HP Sizing Parameter
Coefficients for Seasonal Heating Efficiency: COPseason,ee = a + b × HSPF/3.412

Scenario Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena New York Poughkeepsie Syracuse
a b a b a b a b a b a b a b
1a
1b -0.010 0.880 0.113 0.854 0.219 0.842 -0.185 0.838 0.817 0.781 0.333 0.796 0.124 0.860
1c
1d -0.117 0.902 -0.003 0.879 0.081 0.876 -0.259 0.847 0.876 0.760 0.237 0.815 -0.007 0.890
2a 2.552 0.197 2.532 0.202 2.645 0.181 2.304 0.204 2.631 0.255 2.620 0.177 2.565 0.195
2b 2.351 0.256 2.419 0.243 2.644 0.188 2.011 0.290 2.401 0.329 2.470 0.228 2.500 0.217
2c 2.441 0.228 2.480 0.224 2.619 0.198 2.358 0.203 2.366 0.342 2.459 0.239 2.550 0.206
2d 2.615 0.113 2.637 0.113 2.702 0.108 2.312 0.150 3.002 0.105 2.725 0.104 2.655 0.107
2e 2.574 0.125 2.601 0.124 2.647 0.122 2.335 0.143 2.946 0.122 2.654 0.119 2.631 0.116
2f 2.458 0.160 2.493 0.155 2.546 0.153 2.322 0.145 2.888 0.141 2.588 0.135 2.513 0.154
2g 2.351 0.172 2.382 0.169 2.440 0.161 2.125 0.178 2.836 0.134 2.424 0.162 2.415 0.163
2h 2.336 0.179 2.386 0.169 2.422 0.168 2.030 0.205 2.814 0.146 2.372 0.177 2.414 0.168
3a -3.334 1.993 -3.307 1.991 -3.485 2.065 -2.938 1.810 -3.593 2.178 -3.093 1.929 -3.339 2.006
3b -2.683 1.735 -2.637 1.728 -2.720 1.770 -2.004 1.446 -2.914 1.913 -2.306 1.624 -2.710 1.757
3c -2.823 1.775 -2.783 1.769 -2.832 1.800 -1.991 1.436 -3.094 1.966 -2.395 1.645 -2.861 1.800
4a -0.333 1.141 -0.305 1.138 -0.251 1.137 -0.852 1.263 0.282 1.070 -0.407 1.194 -0.308 1.140
4b -0.402 1.155 -0.393 1.160 -0.300 1.147 -0.865 1.261 0.316 1.041 -0.390 1.175 -0.385 1.160
4c -0.166 1.004 -0.019 0.963 0.018 0.961 -0.234 0.972 0.432 0.924 0.121 0.926 -0.006 0.962
4d -0.240 1.024 -0.102 0.983 0.027 0.950 -0.321 0.993 0.369 0.940 0.110 0.920 -0.127 1.001
Note that the values for scenarios 1a, 1b and 1c are all the same because of revisions to the controls definitions.
Coefficients for Seasonal Cooling Efficiency: EERseason,ee = c + d × SEER

c d c d c d c d c d c d c d
1a
1b -0.540 0.961 0.920 0.914 -1.370 1.035 -0.390 0.936 2.910 0.786 -0.510 0.965 -0.810 0.988
1c
1d -0.460 0.946 -0.140 0.966 -1.670 1.041 -0.210 0.916 1.520 0.859 -0.590 0.961 -0.890 0.982


2a 12.330 0.118 11.950 0.116 12.240 0.130 12.360 0.135 11.070 0.165 12.100 0.111 12.180 0.123
2b 11.440 0.208 12.210 0.146 11.010 0.229 10.330 0.273 10.080 0.277 12.130 0.167 11.330 0.210
2c 9.810 0.306 10.940 0.232 9.590 0.302 9.160 0.321 9.440 0.323 10.310 0.282 9.740 0.308
2d 12.330 0.118 11.950 0.116 12.240 0.130 12.360 0.135 11.070 0.165 12.100 0.111 12.180 0.123
2e 11.440 0.208 12.210 0.146 11.010 0.229 10.330 0.273 10.080 0.277 12.130 0.167 11.330 0.210
2f 9.810 0.306 10.940 0.232 9.590 0.302 9.160 0.321 9.440 0.323 10.310 0.282 9.740 0.308
2g 9.400 0.314 9.950 0.300 8.130 0.366 8.500 0.351 8.670 0.353 9.080 0.328 9.080 0.327
2h 8.890 0.336 9.440 0.313 7.960 0.375 8.160 0.364 8.510 0.361 9.130 0.327 9.020 0.332
3a 17.760 -0.189 6.680 0.454 10.960 0.199 18.580 -0.218 11.600 0.196 16.240 -0.105 14.460 -0.008
3b 14.530 0.035 14.100 0.009 15.660 -0.060 11.420 0.204 16.950 -0.122 18.500 -0.205 17.260 -0.147
3c 10.850 0.255 17.070 -0.164 14.630 0.017 13.740 0.066 18.850 -0.246 15.270 -0.009 14.140 0.052
4a -12.940 1.478 -12.220 1.433 -11.550 1.396 -13.560 1.520 -9.590 1.290 -12.690 1.456 -12.770 1.473
4b -14.160 1.556 -13.060 1.493 -3.400 0.957 -14.370 1.569 -11.850 1.424 -14.010 1.547 -4.690 1.038
4c -14.370 1.566 -4.310 1.019 -9.600 1.300 -14.650 1.576 -14.290 1.563 -14.680 1.586 -8.450 1.246
4d -14.440 1.566 -4.690 1.041 -10.170 1.328 -14.700 1.572 -15.140 1.609 -14.790 1.590 -16.480 1.676
Note that several scenarios are the same since control approach and UR do not apply for cooling (i.e., 1a,1b and 1c are all the
same, 2a is the same as 2d, etc.)
Heating Load Factor

Factors in the table below (Fload,heating) are used to determine the fraction of the annual heating load
that is met by the ASHP unit.
Fraction of Heating Load Met by the ASHP (Fload,heating)

1a
1b 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.98 0.99 0.97 1.00
1c
1d 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.98 1.00
2a 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.24
2b 0.39 0.38 0.39 0.37 0.39 0.39 0.38
2c 0.56 0.55 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.55
2d 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.51 0.54 0.51 0.54
2e 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.71 0.72 0.69 0.74
2f 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.82 0.84 0.81 0.86
2g 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.94 0.97 0.92 0.98
2h 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.95 0.98 0.94 0.99
3a 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.67 0.70 0.67 0.72
3b 0.96 0.94 0.94 0.92 0.95 0.90 0.95
3c 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.97 0.92 0.98
4a 0.43 0.42 0.43 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.42
4b 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.56 0.55 0.56 0.58
4c 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.94 0.96 0.92 0.98
4d 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.98 0.95 0.99
Cooling Load Factor

Factors in the table below (Fload,cooling) are used to determine the fraction of the annual cooling load
that is met by the ASHP unit. The cooling sizing is determined using assumptions about the relative
size of cooling loads (BCL) and heating loads (BHL) in NY based on climate.

Fraction of Cooling Load Met by the ASHP (F load,cooling)

1a
1b 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
1c
1d 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2a 0.90 0.79 0.90 0.95 0.91 0.88 0.89
2b 0.99 0.95 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99
2c 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2d 0.90 0.79 0.90 0.95 0.91 0.88 0.89
2e 0.99 0.95 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99
2f 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2g 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2h 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
3a 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
3b 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
3c 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
4a 0.99 0.96 0.99 1.00 0.98 0.99 0.99
4b 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
4c 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
4d 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Note that several scenarios are the same since control approach and UR do not apply for cooling (i.e., 1a,1b and 1c are all the
Optional Control Features

All the whole building or full load scenarios in the Whole Building and Displacement Scenarios
table above correspond to separate control or default control of the ASHP systems. If the ASHP
has optional control features, the control factors (Fctrl) in the table below shall be used (otherwise
Fctrl is equal to 1.0 by default for separate control). The control factors increase (or decrease) the
heating load met by the heat pump. Integrated control (droop control) brings on the backup
heating source but still allows the heat pump to operate with the backup heat. This corresponds
to a standard 2-stage thermostat and is the default control for Centrally Ducted systems (so Fctrl =
1.0). Changeover controls switch from the heat pump to the backup heating source when the
temperature is below the changeover threshold (design temperature plus 5°F, or Tdes+5°F). This
changeover temperature equates to 20°F in NYC and 3°F in Albany. Changeover controls are
typical for dual-fuel central-ducted systems but are also found in other heat pump controls. With
changeover control, the control factor is less than 1, indicating that the heating load and savings
are reduced.
Control Factors (Fctrl) for Optional Control Features (Fctrl = 1.0 for default controls)
NYC Other Cities
Whole or Full Load HP Sizing
Integrated Changeover Integrated Changeover
Scenarios Parameter
Control Tdes+5°F Control Tdes+5°F
Centrally Ducted 0.9 1.00 0.94 1.00 0.99
(Scenarios 1a and 1d) 1.0 1.00 0.93 1.00 0.99
Ductless Mini-Spilt 0.9 1.03 0.96 1.02 0.98
(Scenarios 2g and 2h) 1.0 1.02 0.96 1.01 0.99
Ductless Multi-Splits 0.9 1.05 0.93 1.05 0.94
(Scenarios 3b and 3c) 1.0 1.04 0.95 1.03 0.97
Compact Ducted 0.9 1.04 0.99 1.03 0.97
Scenarios 4c and 4d) 1.0 1.02 0.94 1.01 0.97

Operating Hours
The Building Equivalent Full Load Hours for heating (BEFLH heating) and for cooling (BEFLH
cooling) in the tables below represent equivalent full load operating hours for HVAC equipment
based on 1% design temperature, TMY3 weather data, and the design heating load. For heating,
hours from the summer period (June through September) were excluded. For Cooling, the values
of EFLH from Appendix G were multiplied by a factor of 1.25 to convert to BEFLH. All values
have been adjusted to reflect 30-year NCEI climate normal from 1991 – 2020.
Single-Family Detached Cooling BEFLHcooling by Vintage and City

City Old Average New
Albany 465 448 403
Binghamton 254 251 202
Buffalo 508 490 419
Massena 353 342 287
NYC 778 752 731
Poughkeepsie 758 718 709
Syracuse 431 411 373
Multi-Family Low-Rise Cooling BEFLH cooling by Vintage and City

From 1979 Through From 2007 Through
City Prior to 1979
2006 Present
Albany 413 426 403
Buffalo 411 417 389
Massena 314 311 298
NYC 588 638 652
Single-Family Detached Heating BEFLH heating by Vintage and City

Albany 1,791 1,681 1,567
Binghamton 2,072 1,947 1,815
Buffalo 2,016 1,892 1,763
Massena 1,957 1,852 1,746
NYC 1,595 1,448 1,296
Poughkeepsie 2,047 1,915 1,778
Syracuse 1,938 1,821 1,701
Multi-Family Low-Rise Heating BEFLH heating by Vintage and City

Pre-war uninsulated From 1979 From 2007
City Prior to 1979
brick Through 2006 Through present
Albany 1,802 1,670 1,640 1,182
Binghamton 2,389 2,257 2,130 1,537
Buffalo 2,111 2,008 2,002 1,455
Massena 2,400 2,187 2,221 1,615
NYC 1,656 1,255 1,199 834
Poughkeepsie 1,459 1,522 1,478 1,048
Syracuse 2,345 1,976 2,027 1,421


A central ducted air source heat pump is installed in a single-family, detached home located
near Albany constructed in 1965. The heat pump is rated at 20 SEER, 13 EER, and 12 HSPF
with a total system heating capacity at 5ºF of 60 kBTU/h. The heat pump fully replaces the
existing 3-ton central air conditioner and 80 kBTU/h gas fired furnace. The building cooling
load is 36 kBTU/h and building heating load is 58 kBTU/h. The system includes supplemental
electric resistance heat. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand
1 1 1
1 1
1,000 3.412
1 1 1
BCL = 36,000, from application

SEERbaseline = 14.0, from Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies table
based on equipment type from application
EERseason,ee = c + d x SEER = -0.460 + 0.946 x 20 = 18.46
EERseason,ee equation from Compliance Efficiency section
c and d from Coefficients for Seasonal Cooling Efficiency table based on scenario and
location from application. To determine scenario, the HP Sizing Parameter is
calculated: QH5,max / BHL= 60/58 = 1.03. Thus c and d correspond to scenario 1d
based on application conditions
SEER from application
BEFLHcooling = 465, from Operating Hours section tables based on housing type, city, and
vintage from application
Fload,cooling = 1, from Cooling Load Factor table based on scenario from application
BHL = 58,000, from application
COPseason,baseline = N/A, from application
COPseason,ee = a + b x HSPF x 1/3.412 = -0.117 + 0.902 x 12 x 1/3.412 = 3.14
COPseason,ee equation from Compliance Efficiency section
a and b from Coefficients for Seasonal Heating Efficiency table based on scenario and
location from application
HSPF from application

BEFLHheating = 1,791, from Operating Hours section tables based on housing type, city, and
Fload,heating = 1, from Heating Load Factor table based on scenario from application
Fctrl = 1.0 from application for default controls
FElecHeat,new =1, from application
EERbaseline = 11.8, from Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies table based
on equipment type from application
CF = 0.69, from Coincidence Factor section
application
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ((36,000 × ×( − ) × 465 × 1)
1,000 14 18.46
1 1 1
+ (58,000 × × (0 − )× × 1,791 × 1 × 1.0)
1,000 3.14 3.412
1 1
− (58,000 × ×1× × 1,791 × (1 − 1 × 1.0)))
1,000 3.412
= −9,406.94 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 36,000 × ×( − ) × 1 × 0.69 = 0.19 𝑘𝑊
1,000 11.8 13
1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 58,000 × × × 1,791 × 1 × 1.0 = 129.85 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.80

See Appendix P.



References
div8
Pumps.
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, October 2010. Available from:
ation_revised.pdf
4. ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.2(4): Warm-Air Furnaces And Combination Warm-Air
5. Draft PDS-02 MINHERS® Addendum 71f, SEER/HSPF2 Conversions, RESNET,
January 2023
Available from: https://www.resnet.us/about/standards/minhers/draft-pds-02-minhers-
addendum-71f-seer-hspf2-conversions/
6. Fairey, P., D. Parker, B Wilcox, M Lombardi. Climate Impacts on Heating Seasonal
Performance Factor (HSPF) and Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) for Air
Source Heat Pumps, ASHRAE Transactions, 110(2): 178-88.
7. Henderson, H.I., 2020. White Paper: Savings Calculations for Residential Ground Source
Heat Pumps: The Basis for Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) and Seasonal Efficiency
Factors. Prepared for the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
(NYSERDA) and the New York State Department of Public Service. Revised in June.
9. Manual J Residential Load Calculation, Arlington, VA. Air Conditioning Contractors
Association.
10. Manual S Equipment Selection, Arlington, VA. Air Conditioning Contractors
Association.

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
12-17-8 12/31/2017
9-18-4 9/28/2018
2-20-2 2/28/2020
7-20-21 7/31/2020
3-23-9 3/31/2023

HEAT PUMP – AIR-TO-WATER

Measure Description
This measure covers residential space conditioning, single stage air-to-water heat pumps (AWHPs)
that are installed with a buffer tank on the load-side of the heat pump unit to reduce compressor
cycling rates, as well as variable speed AWHPs that may or may not require a buffer tank. These
AWHP units distribute heat in the home using hydronic or hot water systems instead of ductwork.
These heat pumps can be reversible and provide chilled water for cooling by rejecting heat to the
outside air.
FIGURE 1. TYPICAL SCHEMATIC FOR AN AIR-TO-WATER HP SYSTEM FOR SPACE HEATING
AWHPs are not considered a drop-in replacement for boilers since significant hydronic system
modifications are usually required. In many retrofit applications in existing homes the hydronic
distribution system, or hot water baseboards, that were installed with the boiler must be adapted to
use an AWHP. AWHPs generally cannot provide hot water at the same temperatures as boilers.
Therefore, to keep hot water temperatures low, the house can be retrofitted to use additional heat
emitters such as additional/larger baseboard heaters or hydronic air handler units (AHUs).
Alternatively, buildings in which the envelope has been significantly improved such that heating
loads are much smaller (e.g., a deep retrofit), it may be possible to use existing heat emitters to
meet the heating load at lower hot water temperatures.
AWHP products appropriate for space conditioning applications typically operate over a range of
leaving water temperatures (LWTs) from 90°F to 140°F in heating mode and 40°F to 50°F in
cooling mode. These operating LWTs represent equipment operating parameter ranges used in the
underlying analysis upon which this method is based. These units operate at flow rates to provide
a water-side temperature rise in the range of 10 to 15°F. The efficiency and capacity of these
systems are strongly affected by the LWT, as well as ambient air temperatures.
heat pump installation:

• Systems shall be sized in accordance with ACCA Manual S based on building design loads
calculated in accordance with approved heating and cooling calculation
methodologies.392,393
• The building design heating load in New York typically exceeds the design cooling load,
therefore it is assumed that the AWHP is sized for the building or zone heat load.
• The AWHP is sized to meet 100% of the evaluated design condition heating load.
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ((𝐵𝐶𝐿 × ×( − ) × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 )
1,000 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒
+ (𝐵𝐻𝐿 × ×( − )× × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ))
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝐵𝐶𝐿 × ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝐵𝐻𝐿 × × × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
FElecCool = Electric cooling factor; used to toggle cooling savings depending on whether
AWHP system is intended to provide cooling
electric heating system in the baseline case
fossil fuel heating system in the baseline case
392
393
ECCCNYS 2020 requires that systems serving multiple dwelling units follow Sections C403 and C404.



If the AWHP system is intended to provide cooling, set equal to
FElecCool
FElecHeat
FFuelHeat
EERseason,baseline equipment (CEER or SEER). See Baseline Efficiencies section
below for details.
EERbaseline equipment (CEER or EER). See Baseline Efficiencies section
below for details.
Manufacturer published electric cooling energy efficiency
rating of efficient equipment at 95F outdoor air and 45F
EERee
CHW (used as a proxy for full load system efficiency to
estimate peak demand reduction).
details.
COPseason,baseline equipment. The assumed COP of an electric resistance or boiler
system is 1.0.
details.
EffFuelHeat,baseline
BEFLHcooling


BEFLHheating
CF 0.69


An AWHP system can be considered a normal replacement scenario for an electric resistance or
boiler system with or without electric cooling or a fossil fuel fired heating system with or without
electric cooling. The tables below provide baseline efficiencies for electric cooling and heating
and fossil fuel fired heating systems.
be a fossil fuel fired hot water boiler of the fuel type most likely to be installed at the project site
without the influence of the program with room air conditioners for cooling. Room air conditioners
are considered the most suitable counterfactual for AWHP cooling due to expected absence of
ductwork.
Baseline efficiency values shall be determined from the tables below based on the appropriately
selected baseline system type.
394

Room Air Conditioner (RAC) Baseline Efficiencies

The CEER values listed in the table below reflect the minimum performance required by federal
standards.395
Product Class Federal Standard Federal Standard

Product Type Capacity with Louvered Sides Without Louvered Sides
(BTU/h) (CEER) (CEER)
< 6,000 11.0 10.0
6,000 to 7,999 11.0 10.0
8,000 to 10,999 10.9 9.6
RAC without
11,000 to 13,999 10.9 9.5
Reverse Cycle
14,000 to 19,999 10.7 9.3
20,000 to 27,999 9.4 9.4
≥ 28,000 9.0 9.4
Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies (SEER, EER, HSPF)
396
(SEER) (EER) Factor (HSPF)397
kBTU/h)
and <65 kBTU/h)
14.0 11.8 N/A
Conditioner
14.0 11.8 8.2
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.0 11.8 8.2
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 14.0 11.8 8.0
kBTU/h)
395
10 CFR 430.32(b).
396
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
397
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).

Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies (SEER2, EER2, HSPF2)
Heating Seasonal
Seasonal Energy Energy
Performance
Product Class Efficiency Ratio 2 Efficiency Ratio 2
Factor 2
(SEER2)398 (EER2)
(HSPF2)399
kBTU/h)
and <65 kBTU/h)
13.4 11.4 N/A
Conditioner
14.3 11.9 7.5
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.3 11.9 7.5
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 13.4 11.4 6.7
kBTU/h)
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
398
10 CFR 430.32(c)(5).
399
10 CFR 430.32(c)(5).
400
10 CFR 430.32(e).
401

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6402
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
For scenarios where the baseline heating system is electric resistance heat or an electric boiler, the
baseline efficiency is assumed to be a COP of 1.0.

Technically, the rating standard for air-to-water heat pump equipment is AHRI 550/590. However,
a search of the AHRI directory in late 2021 revealed that no products were using this standard for
product certification. Only a few manufacturers appear to use these rating conditions in their
product literature. As such, this method relies on manufacturer published COP ratings at 5F and
a LWT of 110F and EER ratings at 95F and 45F CHW temperature adjusted to account for site-
specific LWT, outdoor air conditions, piping configuration, defrost and cycling, pumping power
and presence of load side temperature reset.
In order to establish seasonal heating and cooling efficiencies, the following information must first
be collected/determined:
• the COP of the unit at 5F and a LWT of 110F
402

o NOTE: A minimum COPA5W110 of 1.7 is required for compliance with this measure
method.
• the EER of the unit at 95F and 45F CHW (if system is intended to provide cooling)
o NOTE: A minimum EERA95W45 of 9.6 is required for compliance with this measure
method and the evaluated EERseason,ee must exceed the EERseason,baseline to qualify.
• the pumping power per nominal heating ton
• the maximum leaving water temperature, accounting for impact of the piping arrangement
• the most appropriate weather city
Once this information is known, the average seasonal heating efficiency for an AWHP can be
calculated as:
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐴5𝑊110 × 𝑆𝐸𝐹 × 𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 × 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑡
And the average seasonal cooling efficiency for an AWHP can be calculated as:
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐴95𝑊45 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝
where:
COPA5W110 = Manufacturer published coefficient of performance at 5F outdoor air
temperature and 110F LWT
EERA95W45 = Manufacturer published cooling energy efficiency rating at 95F and 45F
CHW temperature
SEF = Seasonal efficiency factor depending on LWT and location
Fdefrost,cycle = Adjustment factor for defrost and cycling depending on AWHP unit
characteristics
Fpump = Adjustment factor to account for pumping power
Freset = Adjustment factor to account for presence or absence of load side temperature
reset

COPA5W110 From application
EERA95W45 From application
Lookup based on location and system LWT from Seasonal Efficiency
SEF
Factor table below.
Lookup based on AWHP system type from Defrost and Cycling
Fdefrost,cycle
Adjustment Factors table below.
Lookup based on pump power (watts/ton) from Pumping Power
Fpump
Adjustment Factors table below.


For AWHPs equipped with outdoor air temperature-based load side
Freset
temperature reset, use a value of 1.1. Otherwise, use 1.0.403
Seasonal Efficiency Factor404

Seasonal Efficiency Factor (SEF)
City Design Leaving Water Temperature (°F)
100 110 120 130 140 150
Albany 1.32 1.20 1.09 0.97 0.86 0.74
Binghamton 1.33 1.21 1.10 0.98 0.86 0.75
Buffalo 1.33 1.22 1.10 0.99 0.87 0.76
Massena 1.27 1.15 1.04 0.92 0.80 0.69
New York 1.42 1.30 1.19 1.07 0.96 0.84
Poughkeepsie 1.33 1.21 1.10 0.98 0.87 0.75
Syracuse 1.33 1.21 1.10 0.98 0.87 0.75
Defrost and Cycling Adjustment Factors405

Defrost/Cycling
AWHP System Type Adjustment Factor
(Fdefrost,cycle)
Constant Speed 0.80
Variable Speed 0.85
Variable Speed w/ Adaptive Defrost 0.90
Pumping Power Adjustment Factors406

Pumping Power
Pumping Power
Adjustment Factor
(watts/ton heating)
(Fpump)
20 0.994
40 0.989
60 0.984
80 0.978
Operating Hours
403
Henderson, H.I., 2022. White Paper: Savings Calculations for Residential Air-to-Water Heat Pumps for Space
Heating, pg. 9
404
Ibid, pg. 10
405
Ibid, pg. 6
406
Ibid, pg. 10


Albany 465 448 403
Buffalo 508 490 419
Massena 353 342 287
NYC 778 752 731
Multi-Family Low-Rise Cooling BEFLHcooling by Vintage and City

City Prior to 1979
2006 Present
Albany 413 426 403
Buffalo 411 417 389
Massena 314 311 298
NYC 588 638 652
Single-Family Detached Heating BEFLHheating by Vintage and City

Albany 1,791 1,681 1,567
Binghamton 2,072 1,947 1,815
Buffalo 2,016 1,892 1,763
Massena 1,957 1,852 1,746
NYC 1,595 1,448 1,296
Syracuse 1,938 1,821 1,701
Multi-Family Low-Rise Heating BEFLHheating by Vintage and City

City Prior to 1979
Albany 1,802 1,670 1,640 1,182
Binghamton 2,389 2,257 2,130 1,537
Buffalo 2,111 2,008 2,002 1,455
Massena 2,400 2,187 2,221 1,615
NYC 1,656 1,255 1,199 834
Poughkeepsie 1,459 1,522 1,478 1,048
Syracuse 2,345 1,976 2,027 1,421

A single-stage air-to-water heat pump is installed in a single - family, detached home located
near Albany and constructed in 1995. The AWHP is installed as the primary space
conditioning system, replacing a gas-fired hot water boiler system and several 10,000 BTUh
window air conditioners with louvered sides serving an evaluated cooling load of 36 kBTUh

and heating load of 58 kBTUh. The AWHP has an EER rating of 16.4 at 95F outdoor air
temperature and 45F CHW and a COP of 2.8 at 5F outdoor air temperature and 110F LWT.
The system pumping power is evaluated at 40 watts/ton and is designed to operate at 130F
LWT in heating mode. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ((𝐵𝐶𝐿 × ×( − ) × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 )
+ (𝐵𝐻𝐿 × ×( − )× × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ))
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝐵𝐶𝐿 × ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝐵𝐻𝐿 × × × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

EERseason,baseline = 10.9, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size
from application
EERseason,ee = EERA95W45 x Fpump = 16.4 x 0.989 = 16.2
EERA95W45 from application
Fpump from Pumping Power Adjustment Factors table based on 40 watt/ton pumping
power
FElecHeat = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on existing HVAC
from application
COPseaseason,baseline = N/A
COPseason,ee = COPA5W110 x SEF x Fdefrost,cycle x Fpump x Freset
= 2.8 x 0.97 x 0.8 x 0.989 x 1.0 = 2.15
COPA5W110 from application
SEF from Seasonal Efficiency Factor table based on location and design LWT
Fdefrost,cycle from Defrost and Cycling Adjustment Factors based on system type
Fpump from Pumping Power Adjustment Factors table based on 40 watt/ton pumping
power
Freset from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
EERbaseline = 10.9, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application

FFuelHeat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on existing HVAC
from application
EFFFuelHeat,baseline = 0.82, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size
from application
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ((36,000 × ×( − ) × 448 × 1)
1,000 1.0.9 16.2
1 0 1 1
+ (58,000 × ×( − )× × 1,681)) = 484.08 + (−13,290.72)
1,000 𝑁/𝐴 2.15 3.412
= −12,806.64 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 36,000 × ×( − ) × 0.69 = 0.764 𝑘𝑊
1,000 10.9 16.4
1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 58,000 × × × 1,681 = 118.9 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.82

See Appendix P.


References
div8
Pumps.
ation_revised.pdf


5. Henderson, H.I., 2023. White Paper: Savings Calculations for Residential Air-to-Water
Heat Pumps for Space Heating, Guidance for AWHP systems that use Hydronic
Distribution. Prepared for the New York State Energy Research and Development
Authority (NYSERDA) and the New York State Department of Public Service. Revised
March 2022.
Association.
Association.
Record of Revision
6-23-6 7/14/2023

HEAT PUMP – WATER-TO-AIR GROUND SOURCE (GSHP)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of an ENERGY STAR® certified Ground Source Heat Pump
(GSHP) system with a closed loop heat exchanger field or an open loop ground water system as
permissible by local environmental review.407 The GSHP system provides heating and cooling for
space conditioning by a water-to-air heat pump via a typical air-duct distribution system in a
residential home.408 These systems can optionally have an integrated desuperheater or a dedicated
Domestic Hot Water (DHW) water-to-water heat pump (WWHP) that supplements domestic hot
water heating in conjunction with space conditioning. Methods for calculating annual DHW
energy savings are presented separately below.
This measure applies to GSHPs in residential applications, and where each GSHP unit has its own
dedicated loop pump. It does not apply to large GSHP systems with multiple heat pump units with
centralized ground loop pumping.
The GSHP analysis associated with this measure is based on several assumptions consistent with
best practice design for a quality GSHP installation:
• Current Residential code and Federal standard (Code of Federal Regulations 10 CFR
430.32, ECCCNYS 2020 or local legislation) applicable to the installation should be
referenced for correct baseline system and efficiency values.
• Systems shall be sized in accordance with ACCA Manual S based on building loads
calculated in accordance with ACCA Manual J.409,410
• The building peak heating load in New York typically exceeds the peak cooling load,
therefore it is assumed that the GSHP runs at part-load during peak cooling hours.
• The ground loop heat exchanger is adequately sized and installed properly to allow the
GSHP to meet the peak heating load without electric resistance auxiliary heat.
• The GSHP is equipped with either a two stage or variable-speed compressor system, a
variable speed or constant speed ground loop circulator pump, and a variable-speed blower
distribution fan.
• The GSHP efficiency is rated in accordance with ISO 13256-1, and AHRI-certified
performance ratings are provided by the manufacturer showing the efficiency and capacity
of the unit under full and part load conditions.
407
This measure section does not apply to a subset of open loop systems known as standing column wells, since
operating temperatures are much different in these applications.
408
“Residential homes” means detached one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses not more than three stories
above-grade in height with a separate means of egress and their accessory structures, and one-family dwellings
converted to bed and breakfast dwellings.
409
410
ECCNYS 2020 requires that systems serving multiple dwelling units follow Sections C403 and C404.

Note: The algorithms below address energy impacts associated with space conditioning load only.
See the Methods for Calculating Annual Domestic Hot Water Energy Savings from an Integrated
Desuperheater or Dedicated Water-to-Water Heat Pump section of this measure for estimating
DHW savings associated with these systems.
𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ×( − ) × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]
𝐵𝐻𝐿 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 1
+[ ×( − ) × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]
3,412 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒
𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙,𝑒𝑒
𝐵𝐻𝐿 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
where:
fuel heating system
EERseason = Energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour) at part-load seasonally adjusted for fan
and pump power
EERpeak = Full load energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour)
EERGSHP,full = Full load energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour). Refers to Ground Loop Heat
Pump (GLHP)-rated condition for closed loop GSHP systems or Ground Water
Heat Pump (GWHP)-rated conditions for open loop systems.
COPseason = Coefficient of performance, seasonally adjusted for fan and pump power.
AFUE = Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal efficiency for fossil fuel-fired
heating equipment



Building cooling load at design conditions calculated in accordance
BCL
with ACCA Manual J, from application.
Building heating load at design conditions calculated in accordance
BHL
with ACCA Manual J, from application.
If the baseline heating system is an electric system, set equal to 1.
FElecHeat
If the baseline heating system is a fossil fuel system, set equal to 1.
FFuelHeat
Seasonal electric cooling energy efficiency rating of baseline
EERseason,baseline equipment. See SEER values in Baseline Efficiency section below
for details.
Electric cooling energy efficiency rating of baseline equipment. See
EERpeak,baseline
EER values in Baseline Efficiency section below for details.
Energy efficiency ratio from the manufacturer’s catalog data
EERseason,ee adjusted to account for applied fan and pump power. See
Compliance Efficiency section below for details.
Full load energy efficiency ratio at AHRI rated conditions.
Corresponds to GLHP-rated condition with fluid temperature of
EERGSHP,full,ee
77οF for closed loop systems, or GWHP-rated condition with fluid
temperature of 59οF for open loop systems.
Electric heating energy efficiency rating of baseline equipment. See
COPseason,baseline
Coefficient of performance from the manufacturer’s catalog data
COPseason,ee adjusted to account for applied fan and pump power. See
AFUEbaseline
BEFLHcooling
BEFLHheating
CF 0.69



A GSHP system can be considered a normal replacement scenario for electric resistance heating
Regulations as shown in the table below. Baseline efficiency ratings (SEER/SEER2, EER/EER2,
HSPF/HSPF2) shall align with the efficiency rating of the efficient equipment.
412
kBTU/h)
and <65 kBTU/h)
14.0 11.8 N/A
Conditioner
411
412
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
413
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).


14.0 11.8 8.2
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.0 11.8 8.2
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 14.0 11.8 8.0
kBTU/h)
Heating Seasonal
Performance
Factor 2
(SEER2)414 (EER2)
(HSPF2)415
kBTU/h)
and <65 kBTU/h)
13.4 11.4 N/A
Conditioner
14.3 11.9 7.5
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.3 11.9 7.5
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 13.4 11.4 6.7
kBTU/h)
GSHP System Baseline Efficiencies

Adjusted Adjusted
Product Full-Load Rated Full-Load Rated Heating Cooling
Application Heating COP Cooling EER Efficiency Efficiency
(COPseason,base) (EERseason,base)
Closed Loop,
3.2 14.1 2.95 12.99
GLHP-rating
Open Loop,
3.7 18.0 3.05 14.71
GWHP-rating
414
10 CFR 430.32(c)(5).
415
10 CFR 430.32(c)(5).

*Equipment < 135 kBTU/h cooling capacity rated by ISO/ANSI/ASHRAE 13256-1: Baseline system is assumed to
be single stage.
**Adjusted values use corrections below for pumping and distribution losses assuming a pumping power of 90
Watts per ton for closed loop and 120 Watts per ton open loop.
ECCCNYS Minimum
4, 5 and 6
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
416
10 CFR 430.32(e).
417

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
typical operating conditions in New York State, as shown below:
3.412
where:
Albany 0.70 0.67
Buffalo 0.73 0.70
Massena 0.59 0.56
NYC 0.80 0.78
Syracuse 0.69 0.66
For scenarios where the baseline cooling system is a conventional ASHP, no additional
consideration is given to account for the difference between the rating conditions for SEER and
the typical operating conditions in New York State, because the differences between the rating
conditions and the typical operating conditions are small.
For scenarios where the baseline heating and cooling system is an existing GSHP, the seasonal
heating and cooling efficiencies of the baseline equipment code minimum efficiencies that have

been adjusted consistent with the methodology provided for efficient equipment described in the
Compliance Efficiency from Which Incentives are Calculated section below.

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® certified GSHP system as defined in the
Measure Description section above. If the GSHP system is closed loop, use the following formulas
with the COP and EER values from the GLHP ratings. If the GSHP system is an open loop system,
use the following formulas with the COP and EER values from the GWHP ratings. The formulas
adjust performance for closed loop systems to an average entering water temperature of
approximately 40°F for heating and 77°F for cooling. The open loop formulas adjust performance
to an average entering water temperature of 50°F for both heating and cooling418.
The formulas determine the average seasonal cooling efficiency (EERseason,ee) and the average
seasonal heating efficiency (COPseason,ee) for a GSHP system with a two-stage or variable speed
compressor.
Closed Loop Systems (using GLHP ratings):
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 1.09 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 1.08 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ
Open Loop Systems (using GWHP ratings):
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 1.09 × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ
where:
COPGLHP,full = Rated COP of the unit at GLHP full load heating conditions
COPGLHP,part = Rated COP of the unit at GLHP part load heating conditions
EERGLHP,full = Rated EER of the unit at GLHP full load cooling conditions
EERGLHP,part = Rated EER of the unit at GLHP part load cooling conditions
COPGWHP,full = Rated COP of the unit at GWHP full load heating conditions
COPGWHP,part = Rated COP of the unit at GWHP part load heating conditions
These entering temperatures were selected based on measured data from GSHP sites presented in NYSERDA
418
Report 18-03.

EERGWHP,full = Rated EER of the unit at GWHP full load cooling conditions
EERGWHP,part = Rated EER of the unit at GWHP part load cooling conditions
Fdist,c = Factor to adjust the cooling efficiency to account for additional fan power
Fdist,h = Factor to adjust the heating efficiency to account for additional fan power
Ffull = Seasonal weighting factor for full load efficiency
Fpart = Seasonal weighting factor for part load efficiency
Fpump,part = Factor to adjust part load efficiency to account for additional pumping power
Fpump,full = Factor to adjust full load efficiency to account for additional pumping power
1.09 = Correction for change in EER419
1.08 = Correction for change in COP420

The rated COP of the unit at GLHP full load (or standard) heating
conditions from ASHRAE/ISO 13256-1. This value is certified by
COPGLHP,full
AHRI and is available in the product directory. It corresponds to an
entering loop temperature of 32°F.
The rated COP of the unit at GLHP part load heating conditions from
ASHRAE/ISO 13256-1. This value is certified by AHRI and is
COPGLHP,part
available in the product directory. It corresponds to an entering loop
temperature of 41°F.
The rated EER of the unit at GLHP full load (or standard) cooling
EERGLHP,full
The rated EER of the unit at GLHP part load cooling conditions from
EERGLHP,part
The rated COP of the unit at GWHP full load (or standard) heating
COPGWHP,full
entering water temperature of 50°F.
The rated COP of the unit at GWHP part load heating conditions from
COPGWHP,part
available in the product directory. It corresponds to an entering water
419
Correction for 9% change in EER as the entering fluid temperature decreases from 77°F to 68°F. The 1% per °F
was observed from published performance data as well as in the IGSHPA Design Manual. This factor also applies
to the GWHP adjustment from 50°F to 59°F.
420
Correction for 8% change in COP as the entering fluid temperature increases from 32°F to 40°F. The 1% per °F
was observed from published performance data as well as in the IGSHPA Design Manual.


The rated EER of the unit at GWHP full load (or standard) cooling
EERGWHP,full
The rated EER of the unit at GWHP part load cooling conditions from
EERGWHP,part
Factor to adjust the cooling efficiency to account for additional fan
power that would be required, beyond the fan power corresponding to
Fdist,c
zero static in rated COP. Choose the appropriate factor from the
Distribution Correction Factors table below.
Factor to adjust the heating efficiency to account for additional fan
Fdist,h
Seasonal weighting factor for full load efficiency = 0.25. Based in part
Ffull 0.25
on observed mix of low and high stage operation from field testing.421
Seasonal weighting factor for part load efficiency = 0.75. Based in part
Fpart 0.75
Factor to adjust the full load efficiency to account for additional
Fpump,full pumping power used by the system. Choose the appropriate factor from
Pumping Power Adjustment Factor table below.
Factor to adjust the part load efficiency to account for additional
Fpump,part pumping power used by the system. Choose the appropriate factor from
Loop Pumping Power Correction Factor (Fpump,full and Fpump,part)

A correction factor for pumps (Fpump,full and Fpump,part) is required because the rated efficiency
values only include the pumping energy associated with the water-side pressure drop through the
heat pump unit (typically about 5-10 Watts per nominal ton). Actual pumping power is much
higher. The ASHRAE GSHP Design Guide (Kavanaugh and Rafferty 2015) developed a grading
system that assigns scores based on the amount of pumping power per installed ton. For instance,
it gives a grade of “A” to system that uses 45 Watts per nominal ton and a grade of “B” to a system
that uses 60 Watts per nominal ton.
421
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) 2017. “Analysis of Water Furnace
Geothermal Heat Pump Sites in New York State with Symphony Monitoring System,” NYSERDA Report
Number 18-03. Prepared by CDH Energy Corp., Cazenovia, NY. nyserda.ny.gov/publications.
422
Ibid.

Analysis of observed pumping power from 45 to 120 Watts/ton was performed to determine the
impact of loop pumping power on efficiency. Results are shown in the Pumping Factors table
below.423
Pumping Power Adjustment Factors

Different factors are required for different loop pumping power levels and loop pump control
strategies. For part load performance there are multiple ways to control the pump at low stage:
• the pump can maintain constant flow regardless of compressor stage.
• the pump stages flow in proportion to the compressor capacity.
• the pump can be variable speed and modulate with the variable speed compressor.
A constant speed loop pump results in poor performance since the pump power becomes a
relatively larger portion of total power at low stage. Variable speed pumping with a variable speed
compressor results in the best performance. The penalty for constant speed pumping is highest for
units with variable speed compressors. The last consideration is the low-to-high capacity ratio
(CR), which can be calculated as follows:
𝑄𝐶𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡
𝐶𝑅 =
𝑄𝐶𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙
where:
CR = Capacity ratio of part-load cooling capacity to full-load heating capacity.
QCGLHP,part = Part-load cooling capacity rating from AHRI certificate.
QCGLHP,full = Full-load heating capacity rating from AHRI certificate.
The values of QC are the rated full and part load performance values from AHRI. Units with two
stage compressors typically have a value of CR of approximately 0.75. Units with variable speed
compressors typically have a CR of approximately 0.40.
The table below presents the values of Fpump,full and Fpump,part that correspond to each loop pump
arrangement (e.g. pumping control strategy, CR, and pumping power). The full load pumping
factors are typically 0.86 to 0.94. Part load factors can range from 0.62 to 0.95 depending on the
pumping control strategy, the capacity ratio of the heat pump, and the pumping power. The factor
closest to the actual situation should be used.
Pumping Factors (Fpump,full and Fpump,part)

Pumping Power
Pumping
Capacity 45 60 75 90 105 120
Control
Ratio Watts/ton Watts/ton Watts/ton Watts/ton Watt/ton Watts/ton
Strategy
Clg Htg Clg Htg Clg Htg Clg Htg Clg Htg Clg Htg
Full load
0.94 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.86
(Fpump,full)
423
Henderson, H.I., 2020. White Paper: Savings Calculations for Residential Ground Source Heat Pumps: The Basis
for Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) and Seasonal Efficiency Factors. Prepared for the New York State
Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) and the New York State Department of Public
Service. Revised in June.

Pumping Power
Pumping
Capacity 45 60 75 90 105 120
Control
Strategy
Part load –
constant flow
0.75 0.89 0.91 0.86 0.89 0.83 0.86 0.80 0.84 0.78 0.82 0.75 0.80
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
constant flow
0.40 0.81 0.85 0.77 0.81 0.72 0.77 0.69 0.74 0.65 0.71 0.62 0.68
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
staged
0.75 0.92 0.94 0.89 0.91 0.87 0.89 0.84 0.87 0.82 0.86 0.80 0.84
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
staged
0.40 0.92 0.94 0.89 0.91 0.87 0.89 0.84 0.87 0.82 0.86 0.80 0.84
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
variable
0.40 0.94 0.95 0.92 0.93 0.90 0.92 0.88 0.90 0.86 0.89 0.84 0.87
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Distribution Power Correction

For GSHP systems with an air-duct distribution system, the fan power included in the rated
efficiencies corresponds to zero external static pressure and therefore is smaller than would be
expected for an actual application. The indoor fan power included in the ISO 13256-1 test
procedure is estimated to be approximately 0.15 Watts/cfm for permanent split-capacitor fan
motors and 0.11 Watts/cfm for electrically commutated fan motors.424
The purpose of the distribution (i.e., fan or pump) correction factor, Fdist,h and Fdist,c is to determine
the equivalent amount of distribution power for the baseline system, such as a fossil fuel fired
furnace or boiler, or a heat pump. The correction factor considers the differential distribution power
between the GSHP and the baseline system. The Distribution Correction Factors to correct GSHP
Seasonal Efficiency for typical baseline scenarios summarized in the table below:
Distribution Correction Factors (Fdist,h and Fdist,c)

If baseline system is a If baseline system is a If baseline system is
Furnace with conventional air Boiler with conventional a Central air source
conditioning air conditioning heat pump
Heating (Fdist,h) 0.96 0.96 0.97
Cooling (Fdist,c) 0.95 0.95 0.95
Note: Based on furnace and boiler ancillary power of 137 Watts
424
Ibid.

Operating Hours

Albany 465 448 403
Buffalo 508 490 419
Massena 353 342 287
NYC 778 752 731
Multi-Family Low-Rise Cooling BEFLH cooling by Vintage and City

City Prior to 1979
2006 Present
Albany 413 426 403
Buffalo 411 417 389
Massena 314 311 298
NYC 588 638 652
Single-Family Detached Heating BEFLH heating by Vintage and City

Albany 1,791 1,681 1,567
Binghamton 2,072 1,947 1,815
Buffalo 2,016 1,892 1,763
Massena 1,957 1,852 1,746
NYC 1,595 1,448 1,296
Syracuse 1,938 1,821 1,701
Multi-Family Low-Rise Heating BEFLH heating by Vintage and City

City Prior to 1979
Albany 1,802 1,670 1,640 1,182
Binghamton 2,389 2,257 2,130 1,537
Buffalo 2,111 2,008 2,002 1,455
Massena 2,400 2,187 2,221 1,615
NYC 1,656 1,255 1,199 834
Poughkeepsie 1,459 1,522 1,478 1,048
Syracuse 2,345 1,976 2,027 1,421


A closed loop water-to-air GSHP is installed in a single - family, detached home located near
Albany and constructed in 1995. The heat pump has variable speed pump controls and a rated
heating capacity of 60 kBTUh, with a full load EER of 19, part load EER of 25, full load COP
of 3.5 and part load COP of 4.1. The GSHP has 60 watts/ton system pumping power. The
home has a building cooling load of 36 kBTUh and the building cooling load of 58 kBTUh,
and existing HVAC equipment are a split system air conditioner and a gas fired furnace.
Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual
𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹

from application
EERseason,ee = ((Ffull x EERGLHP,full x 1.09 x Fpump,full) + (Fpart x EERGLHP,part x Fpump,part)) x Fdist,c
= ((0.25 x 19 x 1.09 x 0.93) + (0.75 x 25 x 0.92)) x 0.95 = 20.96
EERseason,ee equation from Compliance Efficiency section based on GSHP type
Ffull from Compliance Efficiency section’s Summary of Variables and Data Sources
table
EERGLHP,full from application
Fpump,full from Pumping Power Adjustment Factors table based on application
Fpart from Compliance Efficiency section’s Summary of Variables and Data Sources
table
EERGLHP,part from application
Fpump,part from Pumping Power Adjustment Factors table based on application
Fdist,c from Distribution Correction Factors based on application
from application
COPseason,ee = ((Ffull x COPGLHP,full x 1.08 x Fpump,full) + (Fpart x COPGLHP,part x Fpump,part)) x Fdist,h
= ((0.25 x 3.5 x 1.08 x 0.92) + (0.75 x 4.1 x 0.93)) x 0.96 = 3.58

COPseason,ee equation from Compliance Efficiency section based on GSHP type

COPGLHP,full from application
COPGLHP,part from application
Fdist,h from Distribution Correction Factors based on application
EERpeak,baseline = 11.2, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size
from application
EERGSHP,full,ee = 19, from application
from application
application
36,000 1 1 58,000 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ×( − ) × 448] + [ × (0 − ) × 1,681]
1,000 13 20.96 3,412 3.58
= −7,51 𝑘𝑊ℎ
36,000 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 0.69 = 0.91 𝑘𝑊
1,000 11.2 19
58,000 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 1,681 = 121.87 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.8
Methods for Calculating Annual Domestic Hot Water Energy Savings from an Integrated
Desuperheater or Dedicated Water-to-Water Heat Pump
GSHP systems can reduce DHW energy consumption by two optional methods: 1) using a GSHP
unit with an optional desuperheater or 2) installing an additional water-to-water heat pump
(WWHP) dedicated to meeting the DHW load.
When a desuperheater is installed with a GSHP system, the energy consumed by a typical DHW
appliance can be reduced. The waste heat from the compressor of the GSHP system is transferred
through a heat exchanger to heat or preheat water that is delivered to a storage tank-type water
heater. The benefit of the desuperheater varies throughout the year and depends on whether the
system is operating in heating mode or cooling mode, and the duration of compressor operation.
In the cooling mode, waste heat from the compressor is transferred to heat domestic hot water
instead of the closed loop heat exchanger field. In the heating mode water heating is supplied at
the heating COP of the heat pump. A desuperheater only heats DHW when the GSHP unit runs to
meet the space heating or cooling load.

When a WWHP that is dedicated to DHW is added to the ground loop, the dedicated DHW-
WWHP operates in response to the DHW loads, independent of GSHP unit operation to meet space
loads. Therefore, the energy savings are more consistent across the year.
In this analysis, installation of a desuperheater is assumed to displace a percentage of the total

DHW load, depending on the size of the DHW load. The dedicated WWHP more consistently
displaces a larger portion of the DHW load. Electric demand impacts are not considered at this
time.
𝑄𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐻𝑊
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 = ×
1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑄𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 𝐹𝐸𝐷𝐻𝑊 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 = ×( − )
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊
𝑄𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 𝐹𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 × 𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛
For a desuperheater:
𝐹𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑝
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑝
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 =
𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑝,ℎ𝑡𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒
For a dedicated DHW-WWHP:
When DHW tank has resistance elements,
𝐹𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 0.95
OR, when DHW tank is over 80 gallons and has no resistance elements425
𝐹𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 1.0
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃−𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐴𝐻𝑅𝐼,𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃 × 0.9
where:
ΔMMBtuGSHP-DHW = Fossil fuel energy displaced by a desuperheater or dedicated DHW-
WWHP
ΔkWhGSHP-DHW = Electricity displaced by desuperheater or dedicated DHW-WWHP
operation, considering that desuperheater operation in the heating mode
increases energy use
425
Based on feedback from NY-GEO on current field practices, if a DHW-WWHP is installed with a large pre-
heating tank (e.g., over 80 gallons) it does not need an electric resistance element and can therefore meet 100% of
the DHW load.

COPAHRI,GLHP = Rated COP for a per ISO13256-2 at GLHP conditions (32°F source,
104°F load)
COPdesup = Overall COP of desuperheater (same as space heating efficiency, use
COPseason,ee as calculated in Compliance Efficiency section above)
COPGSHP-DHW = Overall annual COP of desuperheater or dedicated DHW-WWHP
Fdesup = Fraction of annual DHW load served by a desuperheater
Fdesup,htg mode = Fraction of desuperheater operation that occurs in heating mode
FEDHW = Factor indicating that baseline DHW system is electric
FFFDHW = Factor indicating that baseline DHW system is fossil fuel fired
FGSHP-DHW = Fraction of annual DHW load served by a desuperheater or dedicated
DHW-WWHP
GPD/unit = Gallons per day per each unit
QGSHP-DHW = Annual DHW load served by desuperheater or dedicated DHW-WWHP,
BTU
UEFbaseline = Uniform energy factor of baseline DHW appliance (fossil fuel or electric)
ΔTmain = Average temperature difference between water heater set point
temperature and the supply water temperature in water main (°F)
0.9 = Correction factor from AHRI rated conditions to 40°F source, 115°F load.
0.95 = Fraction of annual DHW load served by dedicated DHW-WWHP
8.33 = Specific heat of water; energy required (BTU), to heat one gallon of water
by one degree Fahrenheit [BTU/(gal-F)]

COPdesup From application.
Choose annual desuperheater fraction from table as
function of water use (GPD). Fraction of total DHW
Fdesup
load met by desuperheater. If no desuperheater is
present, set equal to 0.
0.72 for NY Fraction of desuperheater operation that occurs in the
Fdesup,htg mode
0.86 for other cities heating mode.
FEDHW 1 for electric DHW Factor indicating baseline DHW is electric.
1 for fossil fuel-fired
FFFDHW Factor indicating baseline DHW is fossil fuel-fired.
DHW
17.2 × # of people / system. If unknown, use 46 GPD multiplied by the
GPD/unit
units number of households and divided by the number of
units installed.
nearest city.
Tset 130 Water heater set point temperature (°F).


UEFbaseline Baseline Efficiencies section for details regarding
derivation of this input.
ΔTmain Tset - Tmain set point temperature and the supply water temperature
Desuperheater Annual Load Fraction

GPD Fraction of DHW Load met by Desuperheater (Fdesup, %)426
35 36%
45 30%
55 26%
65 22%
Note: Based on DHW set point of 130°F.

annual average outdoor temperature plus 6°F.427 Supply main temperatures based on the annual

City Tmain (°F)
temperature428 (°F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0

input capacity and draw pattern equivalent to the efficient water heater. UEFbaseline shall be
calculated as a function of qualifying equipment tank volume (vt) for storage type water heaters.
426
Based on an analysis using results from Carlson (1997) combined with bin data for NY cities, as shown in
Appendix E of the GSHP White Paper (Henderson 2020). These factors consider the net impact on DHW system,
after distribution losses from desuperheater piping. A Geolink report for Albany implied a fraction of 50% with
usage of 54 gal/day, ignoring distribution losses.
427
428

A Medium draw pattern should be assumed for storage type water heaters with rated storage
capacity ≤ 50 gallons and a High draw pattern should be assumed otherwise.429

Very Small 0.8808 - (0.0008 x vt)
Low 0.9254 - (0.0003 x vt)
Medium 0.9307 - (0.0002 x vt)
Low 2.0440 - (0.0011 x vt)
Medium 2.1171 - (0.0011 x vt)
High 2.2418 - (0.0011 x vt)
Very Small 0.3456 – (0.0020 x vt)
Low 0.5982 – (0.0019 x vt)
Medium 0.6483 – (0.0017 x vt)
Gas-Fired Storage High 0.6920 – (0.0013 x vt)
Water Heater Very Small 0.6470 – (0.0006 x vt)
Low 0.7689 – (0.0005 x vt)
Medium 0.7897 – (0.0004 x vt)
High 0.8072 – (0.0003 x vt)
Very Small 0.2509 – (0.0012 x vt)
≤ 50 gal
High 0.6815 – (0.0014 x vt)

≥ 75 gallons High

See Appendix P.
429
(https://www.ahridirectory.org/ahridirectory/pages/home.aspx).
430
10 CFR 430.32(d).
431
10 CFR 429.17.


References
div8
Pumps.
ation_revised.pdf
4. Carlson, S. 1997. “Geothermal Heat Pump Performance in Heating Dominated
Climates.” Presented at Heat Pumps in Cold Climates, 3rd International Technical
Conference. August 11-12. Wolfville, Nova Scotia.
7. Guide to Geothermal Heat Pumps (February 2011) U. S. Department of Energy, Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, DOE/EE-0385.
9. International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (IGSHPA). 2011. Ground Source
Heat Pump Residential and Light Commercial Design and Installation Guide. Oklahoma
State University. Stillwater.
10. Kavanaugh, S and Rafferty, K (2015): Geothermal Heating and Cooling, Design of
Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems RP-1674, Atlanta, GA. ASHRAE Inc.
Association.
12. Manual S Equipment Selection, Arlington, VA. Air Conditioning Contractors Association


Management Programs, Electricity Journal, September 2011. Available from:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040619011001941
14. Monitored data from geothermal heat pump systems installed in New York State
submitted August 2015 by the New York Geothermal Energy Organization and reviewed
by NYS DPS Staff.
15. New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA). 2017.
“Analysis of Water Furnace Geothermal Heat Pump Sites in New York State with
Symphony Monitoring System,” NYSERDA Report Number 18-03. Prepared by CDH
Energy Corp., Cazenovia, NY. nyserda.ny.gov/publications.
16. Water Source Heat Pumps – Testing and Rating for Performance – Part 1: Water to Air
and Brine to Air Heat Pumps (2012) Arlington, VA. ANSI/ASHRAE/ISO Standard
13256-1:1998 (RA 2012), AHRI, 2012.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
4-16-1 3/31/2016
6-17-6 6/30/2017
3-18-11 3/29/2018
2-20-3 2/28/2020
7-20-22 7/31/2020

REFRIGERANT CHARGE CORRECTION & TUNE UP – AIR CONDITIONER AND HEAT PUMP
Measure Description
This measure estimates savings associated with refrigerant charge correction for unitary and split
system air conditioners and heat pumps in single and multi-family residential applications. In order
to be eligible for energy savings, the scope of work performed must include manufacturer
recommended AC tune-up procedures including but not limited to the cleaning of the condenser
coils.
For Units with Cooling Capacity < 65,000 BTU/h
12 12
× {[𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × ( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]
1 1
+ [(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑜𝑢𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × ( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]}
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹𝑒𝑒
For Units with Cooling Capacity ≥ 65,000 BTU/h
12 12
𝐼𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐼𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑜𝑢𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1 1
+[ ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]}
3.412 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑒𝑒
12 12
where:
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per unit, based on AHRI certification or nameplate
data of condenser or matched pair (condenser and coil)

(kBTU/h)out/unit= Output heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
IEER = Integrated energy efficiency ratio in BTU/watt-hour. A weighted calculation
of mechanical cooling efficiencies at full load and part load AHRI standard
rating conditions (used only for units with cooing capacity ≥ 65,000BTU/h)
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions, measurement of cooling
capacity for a unit (in BTU/h) / electrical energy used (watts) (at AHRI
standard rating conditions)
HSPF = Heating seasonal performance factor, total heating output (supply heat) in
BTU (including electric strip heat) during the heating season divided by the
total electric energy heat pump consumed in watt-hours

tons/unit From application.
Actual equipment nameplate SEER. For equipment rated in SEER2,
SEERee
Actual equipment nameplate SEER, derated in accordance with the
SEERbaseline Baseline Efficiency section below. For equipment rated in SEER2,
IEERee Actual equipment nameplate IEER.
Actual equipment nameplate IEER, derated in accordance with the
IEERbaseline
Baseline Efficiency section below.
Actual equipment nameplate EER. For equipment rated in EER2,
EERee
EER2 rating shall be used.
Actual equipment nameplate EER, derated in accordance with the
EERbaseline Baseline Efficiency section below. For equipment rated in EER2,
Actual equipment nameplate HSPF. For equipment rated in HSPF2,
HSPFee
HSPF2 rating shall be used.
Actual equipment nameplate HSPF, derated in accordance with the
HSPFbaseline Baseline Efficiency section below. For equipment rated in HSPF2,
HSPF2 rating shall be used.


COPee Actual equipment nameplate COP.
Actual equipment nameplate COP, derated in accordance with the
COPbaseline
Baseline Efficiency section below.
EFLHcooling Look up based on building type, vintage and location in Appendix G.
EFLHheating Look up based on building type, vintage and location in Appendix G.
CF 0.69

The baseline condition is equivalent to the existing condition with efficiency ratings taken from
the actual equipment nameplate, derated to account for under or overcharging. The efficiency
improvement resulting from refrigerant charge adjustment is dependent upon the discrepancy
between the actual equipment charge before the adjustment was performed and the manufacturer’s
specification. The efficiency adjustment factor as a function of charge adjustment is taken from
the figure or table below.433 Note the efficiency change depends on the type of expansion valve.
Use the curve or column labeled “TXV” for units with thermal expansion valves; otherwise use
the curve or column labeled “Short orifice”.
432
433
Efficiency as a function of charge adjustment from Small HVAC System Design Guide, New Buildings Institute,
2003.

Normalized Normalized Normalized Normalized

% Factory % Factory
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency
Charge Charge
(Short Orifice) (TXV) (Short Orifice) (TXV)
60% 0.26 0.82 96% 0.96 0.99
62% 0.32 0.84 98% 0.97 0.99
64% 0.39 0.85 100% 0.98 1.00
66% 0.45 0.87 102% 0.99 1.00
68% 0.51 0.89 104% 1.00 1.00
70% 0.56 0.90 106% 1.00 1.00
72% 0.61 0.91 108% 1.00 1.00
74% 0.66 0.92 110% 1.00 1.00
76% 0.70 0.93 112% 1.00 0.99
78% 0.73 0.94 114% 1.00 0.99
80% 0.77 0.95 116% 1.00 0.99
82% 0.80 0.96 118% 1.00 0.99
84% 0.83 0.97 120% 1.00 0.99
86% 0.86 0.97 122% 1.00 0.98
88% 0.88 0.98 124% 0.99 0.98
90% 0.91 0.98 126% 0.98 0.97
92% 0.92 0.99 128% 0.97 0.97
94% 0.94 0.99 130% 0.96 0.96

If the equipment is a multi-circuit system, the overall efficiency adjustment shall be calculated as
the sum of each circuit’s derating factor multiplied by its percentage of the total system capacity.
For example, the equation for EERbaseline is shown below:
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒 × ∑(𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑛 × 𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒,𝑛 )

𝑛
where:
n = Each circuit
Cap = Fraction of total capacity
Fderate = Derating factor, normalized efficiency from figure/table above

The compliance condition is a residential air-cooled unitary or split system air conditioner or heat
pump that has undergone a tune up involving a refrigerant charge correction. SEER, IEER, EER,
HSPF, and COP values are taken from application as reported on the equipment nameplate or
manufacturer specifications.
Operating Hours
For central air conditioners and heat pumps, look up EFLH data by location, building type and
vintage from Appendix G. The oversizing assumptions embedded in the Appendix G data are
appropriate for equipment sized to meet the peak-cooling load for central air conditioners and air
source heat pumps.

A split system 3-ton heat pump with 36 kBTU/h heating capacity undergoes refrigerant charge
correction and tune-up per manufacture recommended procedures in a single-family, detached
home located near Albany constructed in 1995. The heat pump is rated at 18 SEER, 13.7 EER,
and 10 HSPF and is equipped with a thermal expansion valve. It was determined that the unit
was operating at 70% of factory charge prior to correction. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
12 12
1 1
12 12


SEERbaseline = SEERee x Fdetrate,n = 18 x 0.9 = 16.2

Fderate,n = from Baseline Efficiencies table based on percentage of factory charge correction and
expansion valve type from application
SEERee = 18, from application
from application.
(kBTU/h)out/unit = 36, from application
HSPFbaseline = HSPFee x Fdetrate,n = 10 x 0.9 = 9, from Baseline Efficiencies table based on
percentage of factory charge correction and expansion valve type from application
HSPFee = 10, from application
from application
EERbaseline = EERee x Fdetrate,n = 13.7 x 0.9 = 12.3, from Baseline Efficiencies table based on
12 12 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × {[3 × ( − ) × 358] + [36 × ( − ) × 933]} = 452.76 𝑘𝑊ℎ
16.2 18 9 10
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 3 × ( − ) × 0.69 = 0.20 𝑘𝑊
12.3 13.7

See Appendix P.


References
1. Small HVAC System Design Guide, New Buildings Institute, White Salmon, WA for the
California Energy Commission.
Available from: https://dl.icdst.org/pdfs/files/0d461bb519f578b1501491fcc47c8184.pdf
Pumps.
Record of Revision


1 10/15/2010
6-18-3 6/26/2018

TUNE-UP - BOILER
Measure Description
This measure covers tune-up of residential fossil fuel-fired space heating boilers to improve
seasonal heating efficiency. A tune-up involves the inspection, cleaning, and/or adjustment of
boiler and appurtenances per manufacturer’s recommendations. This measure addresses tune-up
benefits associated with heating performance in single - family or low-rise multifamily buildings
only. For boiler tune-up in high-rise multifamily buildings, see Commercial Boiler Tune-Up
measure.
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1,000
where:
kBTU/hin = Nameplate capacity fuel input rating (kBTU/h)
ESF = Energy savings factor

Look up based on building type, vintage and location in
EFLHheating
Appendix G.
The energy savings factor for boiler tune-ups is used to
ESF 0.03
estimate the annual heating energy savings.434
Energy savings on the order of 2% - 5% were realized from a boiler tune-up program in the Pacific Northwest.
434
Building Tune-Up and Operations Program Evaluation. Washington State University Energy Program, pg. 5.



The baseline condition is a residential fossil fuel-fired space heating boiler in a single - family or
low-rise multifamily building that has not received a tune-up in 5 years or more. Because savings
are established as a percent savings relative to the existing condition, there is no distinction in the
approach for baseline determination between market-rate and LMI applications.

The compliance condition is a residential fossil fuel-fired boiler that has undergone a tune-up in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Operating Hours

A 150 kBTU/h boiler undergoes a maintenance tune-up in a single-family, detached home
located near Albany constructed in 1995. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
units = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

kBTU/hin/unit = 150, from application
from application
ESF = 0.03, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
933
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 150 × × 0.03 = 4.20 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000

See Appendix P.



Improved boiler efficiency as a result of a boiler tune-up will reduce the run time of the
distribution system’s circulator pumps and boiler combustion fan if so equipped. These effects
are anticipated to be small and are not currently quantified for this measure.
References
1. Dethman and Kunkle, Building Tune-Up and Operations Program Evaluation.
Washington State University Energy Program, 2007.
Available from: https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/1808/990.pdf
Record of Revision
6-18-15 6/26/2018

TUNE-UP - FURNACE
Measure Description
This measure covers tune-up of residential fossil fuel-fired furnaces to improve seasonal heating
efficiency. A tune-up involves the inspection, cleaning, and or adjustment of furnace and
appurtenances per manufacturer’s recommendations. This measure addresses tune up benefits
associated with heating performance only.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢)
where:
kBTU/hin = Annual fuel input rating
(ΔkWh/ΔMMBtu) = Annual electric energy savings per unit annual fossil fuel energy savings

Look up based on building type, vintage and location
EFLHheating
in Appendix G.
The energy savings factor for furnace tune-ups is used
ESF 0.05
to estimate the annual heating energy savings.435
435


Savings resultant from reduced fan run time due to
(ΔkWh/ΔMMBtu) 5.0
improved efficiency and cycling of furnace.436


The baseline condition is a residential fossil fuel-fired furnace that has not received a tune-up in 5
years or more. Because savings are established as a percent savings relative to the existing
condition, there is no distinction in the approach for baseline determination between market-rate
and LMI applications.

The compliance condition is a residential fossil fuel-fired furnace that has undergone a tune-up in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Operating Hours
building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for single and multi-family
buildings in NY are shown in Appendix G.

A 80 kBTU/h furnace undergoes a maintenance tune-up in a single-family, detached home
located near Albany constructed in 1995. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not
applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢)
units = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

from application
ΔkWh/ΔMMBtu = 5.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Electricity Savings from Variable-Speed Furnaces in Cold Climates, Scott Pigg, Energy Center of Wisconsin &
436
Tom Talerico, Glacier Consulting Group.

933
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 80 × × 0.05 = 3.73 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 3.73 × 5.0 = 18.65 𝑘𝑊ℎ

See Appendix P.


References
1. Dethman and Kunkle, Building Tune-Up and Operations Program Evaluation.
Washington State University Energy Program, 2007.
Available from: https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/1808/990.pdf
2. Electricity Savings from Variable-Speed Furnaces in Cold Climates, Scott Pigg, Energy
Center of Wisconsin & Tom Talerico, Glacier Consulting Group.
Available from:
https://aceee.org/files/proceedings/2004/data/papers/SS04_Panel1_Paper23.pdf
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
3-18-13 3/29/2018

HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) – CONTROL
ADAPTIVE PHOTONIC CONTROL FOR HVAC FAN MOTORS

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of adaptive photonic control systems applied to HVAC fan
motors. Adaptive photonic control involves integration with an HVAC system’s motors including
PTACs, PTHPs, mini-splits, central air units and furnace distribution system supply fans. It enables
adaptive speed control for single-speed AC fan motors using sensors by continuously adapting to
end-user requirements. The controller uses photonic (opto-electronic) transducers and graphical
apertures that are integrated into intelligent, signal and vector processors enabling their use as
analog power controllers.437,438 It provides an adaptive airflow solution by tracking air temperature
and optimizing operation based on climate conditions. Savings accrue not only from the reduction
of fan speed to match thermal delivery rates, but also through better air mixing in the space and
more effective heat transfer on the coils when the system is in operation. By adjusting airflow to
improve heat transfer, the controller improves whole system operating efficiency and significantly
reduces compressor run times.
This measure is only applicable to adaptive photonic control integrated into single-speed AC
induction fan motors rated up to 5 horsepower (HP) that do not have speed variability restriction
(e.g., via centrifugal speed switch).439,440 Savings estimated per this methodology may be claimed
in retrofit applications as well as in new construction applications where electronically
commutated (EC) motors are not otherwise required by federal, state, local or municipal codes or
standards.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛
(𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
(𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
(𝑊𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑛 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑓𝑎𝑛
1,000
Note: kWhfan is only applicable if fan is set to on position during occupancy

437
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, ‘A novel switched reluctance motor drive with optical graphical
programming technology’, 2000.
438
ACHR News, Fan Coil Units Get VSD, 2005.
439
San Diego Gas & Electric, Work Paper WPSDGENRHC1051, Revision 1, Sept 2016.
440
Comfort-Plus DriveTM, Variable Speed Drive for Fan Coil Units, 2005.

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
(𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑖𝑛 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
where:
𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑊𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 + 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 + 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑊𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 + 𝑊𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝑊𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑉𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 × 𝐴𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 × 𝑃𝐹
𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 = 𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 × 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 × 𝑃𝐹
𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 = 𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 × 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 × 𝑃𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑓𝑎𝑛 = ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
where:
kWhcooling = Annual electric energy savings in cooling mode
kWhheating = Annual electric energy savings in heating mode
kWhfan = Annual electric energy savings in fan only mode
Wcooling = Retrofitted system peak wattage in cooling mode
Wheating = Retrofitted system peak wattage in heating mode
Wevaporator = Retrofitted system evaporator wattage, based on nameplate specifications
Wcompressor = Retrofitted system compressor wattage, based on nameplate specifications
Wcondenser = Retrofitted system condenser wattage, based on nameplate specifications
Wblowerfan = Retrofitted system blower fan wattage, based on nameplate specifications
WElecHeat = Retrofitted system electric resistance heating element wattage, based on
nameplate specifications, where applicable
Vevaporator = Retrofitted system evaporator voltage
Vcompressor = Retrofitted system compressor voltage
Vcondenser = Retrofitted system condenser voltage
Aevaporator = Retrofitted system evaporator amps
Acompressor = Retrofitted system compressor amps
Acondenser = Retrofitted system condenser amps

PF = Power factor
kBtu/hin = Retrofitted system space heating input fuel rating (kBtu/h)
LF = Motor load factor
hrscooling = Retrofitted system annual operating hours in cooling mode
hrsheating = Retrofitted system annual operating hours in heating mode
hrsfan = Retrofitted system annual operating hours in fan only mode
hrs = Retrofitted system annual operating hours

WElecHeat From application.
Wblowerfan From application.
Vevaporator From application.
Vcompressor From application.
Vcondenser From application.
Aevaporator From application.
Acompressor From application.
Acondenser From application.
From Standard Handbook of Electrical Engineers441 and
PF 0.85
the Engineering Toolbox.442
kBtu/hin From application.
ESF 0.30 Average of multiple validation tests.443
Assumed value to reflect that motors do not typically run
LF 0.9
at 100% of rated power.
From application. If unknown, see Operating Hours
hrscooling
section below.
hrsheating
section below.
hrs From application.
CF 0.69

441
Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers (McGraw-Hill Handbooks), Donald G. Fink, ISBN
10: 0070220050 / ISBN 13: 9780070220058, Published by McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., 1999.
442
Engineering Tool Box, Power Factors for Inductive Loads, https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-factor-
electrical-motor-d_654.html
443
Aclectic, Adaptive Control Technologies, Validation Tests.
444
referenced by M. M. Straub, Using Available Information for Efficient Evaluation of Demand-Side Management.


The baseline condition is a standard efficiency, single-speed AC induction motor in a direct-drive
HVAC circulation (blower) fan application. Baseline wattage shall be derived from the nameplate
rating of existing system components.

The compliance condition is a single-speed AC induction motor with adaptive photonic control as
described in the Measure Description section above in a direct-drive HVAC circulation (blower)
fan application.
Operating Hours
Annual cooling mode, heating mode and total system operating hours shall be taken from
application. If cooling and heating mode operating hours are unknown, look up from Appendix G
(i.e., cooling and heating equivalent load full hours shall be used as proxy values for annual cooling
mode and annual heating mode hours, respectively). Total system operating hours must be taken
from application in all cases.

An adaptive photonic control system is installed on a home’s HVAC system with central air
conditioning and gas heating with 45 kBTU/h capacity. The system’s compressor is rated at
230 V and 14.1 amps, the condenser is rated at 230 V and 0.8 amps and the evaporator is rated
at 115 V and 6.1 amps. The blower fan has a rated wattage of 249 W. The system runs in
cooling mode for approximately 600 hours per year, in heating mode for approximately 2,000
hours per year and in fan only mode for approximately 1,200 hours per year, for a total of
3,800 hours annually. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000

1,000

Wcooling = Wevaporator + Wcompressor + Wcondensor = 596 + 2,757 + 156 = 3,509 W
Wcooling equation from ‘where’ section
Wevaporator = Vevaporator x Aevaporator x PF = 115 x 6.1 x 0.85 = 596.28 W
Wevaporator equation from ‘where’ section
Vevaporator from application
Aevaporator from application
PF from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Wcompressor = Vcompressor x Acompressor x PF = 230 x 14.1 x 0.85 = 2,756.55 W
Wcompressor equation from ‘where’ section
Vcompressor from application
Acompressor from application
Wcondensor = Vcondensor x Acondensor x PF = 230 x 0.8 x 0.85 = 156.4 W
Wcondensor equation from ‘where’ section
Vcondensor from application
Acondensor from application
ESF = 0.3 from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
LF = 0.9 from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
hrscooling = 600, from application
Wheating = 0, from application
Wblowerfan = 249, from application
hrsfan = hrs – (hrscooling + hrsheating) = 3,800 – (600 + 2,000) = 1,200
hrs from application
hrsheating from application
kBtu/hin = 45, from application
(3,509 × 0.3)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 1 × × 0.9 × 600 = 568.46 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
(249 × 0.3)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = 1 × × 0.9 × 1,200 = 81 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 568.46 + 0 + 81 = 649.46 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(3,509 × 0.3)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × 0.9 × 0.69 = 0.65 𝑘𝑊
1,000
(45 × 0.3)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × × 0.9 × 2,000 = 24.3 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000


See Appendix P.

HVAC circulation fans with adaptive photonic controlled AC motors generate less heat during
operation, resulting in decreased cooling loads and increased heating loads. These effects are
captured in the prescribed methodology detailed above. The HVAC interaction factors calculated
from the prototypical building DOE-2 models as a function of the building and HVAC system type
are shown in Appendix D.

HVAC circulation fan with adaptive photonic controlled AC motors generate less heat during
References
1. A novel switched reluctance motor drive with optical graphical programming technology,
Clarkson University, P. Pillay; Yaguang Liu; O.G. Durham, IEEE Transactions on
Industrial Electronics (Volume: 47, Issue: 4, Aug 2000).
Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/857972
2. Fan Coil Units Get VSD, The Air Conditioning, Heating, Refrigeration News, 2005.
Available from: https://www.achrnews.com/articles/95898-fan-coil-units-get-
vsd#:~:text=They%20are%20small%20air%2Dhandling,stacked%2C%20or%20installed
%20horizontally%20overhead.
3. Guest Room PTAC/PTHP Adaptive Climate Controller, San Diego Gas & Electric,
Energy Efficiency Engineering, Work Paper WPSDGENRHC1051, Revision 1, Sept
2016.
Available from: http://www.deeresources.net/workpapers
4. Comfort-Plus Drive™, Variable Speed Drive for Fan Coil Units, Carrier Corporation,
2005.
Available from: https://ptacenergysaver.com/wp-content/CARRIER-ACC-on-Fan-Coil-
Doc.pdf
5. Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers (McGraw-Hill Handbooks), Donald G. Fink,
ISBN 10: 0070220050 / ISBN 13: 9780070220058, Published by McGraw-Hill
Publishing Co, 1999.
6. Engineering Tool Box, Power Factors for Inductive Loads.
Available from: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-factor-electrical-motor-
d_654.html
7. Multiple Validation Tests of Adaptive Photonic Technology Controller at (1) ConEdison,
(2) Environmental Test Laboratory, (3) EME Consulting Engineers (NYSERDA), (4)
SUNY Oneonta, (5) Tim Garrison (Third Party), (6) McQuay Cooling Tests, (7) Purdue
University Tests and (8) ConEdison Tests by ERS.

Available from: https://efbb029c-a900-4301-9ab1-

40fc00b9e54e.filesusr.com/ugd/9cd7aa_186d85d0a69b4da4b69f07ea0d03eeff.pdf?index
=true
Pumps.
Record of Revision
12-20-3 12/31/2020
3-21-21 4/9/2021

BOILER – ADVANCED CONTROL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of advanced boiler control systems in multi-family buildings
with a central boiler system. An advanced boiler control system is designed for the automated
control of the boiler’s cycling time based on both indoor and outdoor temperatures. These systems
utilize both indoor and outdoor temperature sensors along with remote monitoring to provide a
real-time operating and energy consumption data on the building. Utilizing this data, the controls
optimize the cycling operation of the boiler to better meet the demand for heat within the building.
These systems also have built-in communication software capable of connecting building
operators to service providers in order to read, change, monitor, and analyze the system settings as
well as receive diagnostic alerts in regards to equipment malfunctions, poor sensor readings,
combustion inefficiencies, and other corrective actions needed. These services may be included up
to a certain term, after which a service agreement is required.
In multifamily buildings, an advanced boiler control system installed with indoor temperature
sensors in apartments and other heated spaces can reduce energy consumption by optimizing boiler
operation based on seasonal weather variations, use patterns, and self-diagnostic functions.
This measure is only applicable to the retrofit of existing boiler control systems. An advanced
boiler control system must be an upgrade over existing minimally code-compliant boiler control
systems. Minimally code-compliant boiler control systems include an outdoor temperature setback
control that controls the boiler’s cycling time based only on the outdoor temperature. This measure
must include a minimum of 25% apartment sensors as well as temperature sensors for the stack,
DHW supply, outdoor weather, heating water supply or return, and condensate (steam). The
advanced boiler control system must allow multiple boiler systems to have staging capability.
𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
1,000,000
where:

units = Number of measures installed under program

BTU/hin = Boiler input rating
ESF = Energy Savings Factor for boiler control systems

BTU/hin From application, boiler input rating, in BTU/h.
EFLHheating Lookup based on building type and location.
ESF 0.10 Energy Savings Factor.445


The baseline condition is an existing multi-family residential boiler with a control system based
on outdoor temperature reset.

The compliance condition is the new installation of an advanced boiler control system with the
capability of controlling an existing multi-family boiler based on indoor and outdoor temperature.
Operating Hours

An advanced boiler control system is installed on the central boiler plant of a high-rise
multifamily building with total input capacity of 4,000 kBTU/h. The building was constructed
in 1975 and is located near Albany. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
445
Con Edison EEPS Programs – Con Ed Multifamily Program, Program Year 2017 Impact Evaluation, December
11, 2019.

𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛
1,000,000

BTU/hin = 4,000,000, from application
from application
4,000,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × × 750 × 0.10 = 300 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. Con Edison EEPS Programs – Con Ed Multifamily Program, Program Year 2017 Impact
Evaluation, December 11, 2019.
Record of Revision
3-20-16 03/30/2020

OUTDOOR TEMPERATURE SETBACK CONTROL FOR HYDRONIC BOILER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of outdoor temperature setback control for single and multi-
family residential fossil fuel-fired boilers. Outdoor temperature setback control adjusts the hot
water set point temperature of the boiler in response to outdoor air temperature. This measure is
only applicable to retrofit of existing boiler systems. One outdoor temperature setback measure
may be applied to each boiler.
where:
kBTU/hin = Fuel input rating (kBTU/h)

Look up based on building type, vintage and location in
EFLHheating
Appendix G.
ESF 0.05 Cadmus Group, Inc. 446

446
Cadmus Group, Inc., Home Energy Services Impact Evaluation, August 2012, pg. 20.


The baseline condition is an existing single or multi-family residential boiler without outdoor
temperature setback control.

The compliance condition is an existing single or multi-family residential boiler equipped with
outdoor temperature setback control.
Operating Hours

Outdoor temperature setback control is installed on a 150 kBTU/h boiler in a single-family,
detached home located near Albany constructed in 1995. Annual Electric Energy Savings and

from application
933
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 150/1 × × 0.05 = 7.00 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000

See Appendix P.



Lower boiler set point temperatures may cause hot water circulators to run longer cycles. This
impact is anticipated to be minor and is not quantified in this measure.
References
1. Cadmus Group, Inc., Home Energy Services Impact Evaluation, August 2012.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/Home-Energy-Services-Impact-
Evaluation-Report_Part-of-the-Massachusetts-2011-Residential-Retrofit-and-Low-
Income-Program-Area-Evaluation.pdf
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-16-4 6/30/2016
6-18-6 6/26/2018

STEAM TRAP – LOW PRESSURE SPACE HEATING

Measure Description
This measure covers the repair or replacement of leaking or blow-through steam traps in low-
pressure (≤15 psig) steam space heating applications on existing residential steam systems served
by fossil fuel-fired boilers. Steam systems distribute heat from boilers to satisfy space heating
requirements. Steam distribution systems contain steam traps. Steam traps that fail open allow
excess steam to escape, thus increasing the amount of steam that must be generated to meet end-
use requirements. This measure is intended for the repair or replacement of steam traps failed open
only and requires the completion of a steam trap assessment to ensure the number of failed open
steam traps are properly quantified. This measure does not apply to municipal steam systems.
Energy savings from the installation of a stream trap monitoring system may not be claimed in
conjunction with the saving presented in this measure.
All traps are susceptible to wear and dirt contamination and require periodic inspection and
maintenance to ensure correct operation. Faulty steam traps (leaking or blow-through) can be
diagnosed with ultrasonic, temperature, or conductivity monitoring techniques. Regular steam trap
maintenance and faulty steam trap replacement are steps that minimize steam production. There
are three major types of steam traps that are applicable: 1) thermostatic (including float and
thermostatic), 2) mechanical and 3) thermodynamic.
∆𝐻𝑣𝑎𝑝 ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 × × × 𝐹ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐹𝐶𝑅
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 60 × × 𝐷𝑖𝑎2 × 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎0.97 × 𝐹𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 × 𝐹𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠
4
𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎 = 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑔 + 𝑝atm
where:
units = Number of steam traps failed open repaired/replaced under the program
Losssteam = Hourly steam loss per failed trap (lb/hr)

Hvap = Heat of vaporization (latent heat), in BTU/lb, at system operating pressure (psig)
Eff = Efficiency of boiler
hrs = Annual hours trap pressurized
Fhrs = Percentage of annual hours that steam traps are failed
FCR = Condensate Return Factor, used to account for the proportion of energy lost that
is returned to the system via condensate line
Dia = Internal Diameter (I.D.) of steam trap orifice (inches)
psia = Absolute steam pressure (psi)
FDischarge = Discharge coefficient
FLoss = Steam loss adjustment factor
psig = Steam gage pressure (psi)
patm = Atmospheric pressure (psi)
60 = An empirically derived constant in the Grashof’s equation (lbm/ in0.06-lb0.97-hr)447
π/4 = Orifice area development factor
0.97
= An empirically derived constant in the Grashof equation448
1,000,000 = Conversion from Btu to MMBtu (1,000,000 Btu/MMBtu)

Calculated per the equation above, dependent upon
Losssteam system operating pressure (psig), steam trap orifice
diameter (Dia) and steam loss adjustment factor (FLoss).
Look up from table below based on system operating
∆Hvap
pressure (psig).
Boiler efficiency, from application. Either Et or AFUE
shall be used, based on nameplate rating metric of existing
Eff
equipment or actual system efficiency as provided on the
application and documented by the customer.
FDischarge 0.7 Based on Massachusetts Steam Trap Evaluation.449
Condensate
Return: 0.36
FCR Based on Massachusetts Steam Trap Evaluation.450
No Condensate
Return: 1.00
Dia From application.
psia
system operating pressure (psia).
FLoss 0.37 Based on Massachusetts Steam Trap Evaluation.451
447
Massachusetts Program Administrators and Energy Efficiency Advisory Council, “Steam Trap Evaluation Phase
2” March 8, 2017, pg. 6.
448
Ibid.
449
Ibid, pg. 7.
450
Ibid, pg. 17.
451
2”. March 8, 2017. Table 4-7.


Assumes steam traps are failed open for 50% of annual
Fhrs 0.5
operating hours.
psig From application.
Patm 14.7 Atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi).
Heat of Vaporization (Btu/lb)452

Pressure Heat of Vaporization
(psig) (Btu/lb)
0 970
1 968
2 966
3 964
4 962
5 961
6 959
7 957
8 956
9 954
10 953
11 951
12 950
13 948
14 947
15 946

The recommended value for the coincidence factor is N/A.

The baseline condition is a leaking or blow-through steam trap on a low-pressure steam space
heating system.

The compliance condition is an intact (replaced or repaired) steam trap on a low-pressure steam
space heating system that has undergone a steam trap assessment. Replaced or repaired steam traps
will no longer leak or blow-through after implementation.
Operating Hours
Annual pressurized hours shall be established based on actual operation.
452
Thermodynamic Properties of Steam Including Data for the Liquid and Solid Phases (1936).


Four steam traps identified during a system survey as having failed open are replaced in a
multifamily building with an 80% efficient gas fired steam boiler with condensate return system.
Steam traps have 3/16” orifice diameter and the system has a steam gage pressure of 10 psi. The
system is pressurized an estimated 2,500 hours per year. Annual Electric Energy Savings and
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4

Dia = 0.1875, from application
psia = psig + patm = 10 + 14.7 = 24.7
psig from application
patm from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FDischarge = 0.7, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Floss = 0.37, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆Hvap = 953, from Heat of Vaporization table based on pressure from application
Eff = 0.80, from application
hrs = 2,500, from application
Fhrs = 0.5, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
FCR = 0.36, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on conditions from
application
𝜋
𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 60 × × 0.18752 × 24.70.97 × 0.7 × 0.37 = 9.63
4
953 2,500
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 4 × 9.626 × × × 0.5 × 0.36 = 20.64 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000,000

See Appendix P.



References
1. Massachusetts Program Administrators and Energy Efficiency Advisory Council, “Steam
Trap Evaluation Phase 2”, March 8, 2017.
Available from: http://www.ripuc.ri.gov/eventsactions/docket/4755-TRM-
MA%20CIEC%20P59%20Steam%20Trap%20Evaluation%20Report%20FINAL%20201
70308.pdf
2. ERS Memo to NYSEG/RG&E, “Recommendations to Update Algorithms for C&I Steam
Trap Repair Energy Savings in NY TRM Introduction”, October 10, 2019.
3. Joseph Henry Keenan and Frederick G. Keyes, Thermodynamic Properties of Steam
Including Data for the Liquid and Solid Phases, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1936).
Record of Revision
6-18-19 6/30/2018
3-20-2 3/30/2020
3-21-22 4/9/2021
12-21-7 1/28/2022

SUBMETERING
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of submeters for individual apartments in multi-family
buildings in order to charge tenants for electric consumption according to their metered usage.
Submetering achieves savings by tying tenant electric usage to utility cost, financially encouraging
tenants to consume less energy. Submeter service providers are required to comply with the NYS
Public Service Law and all applicable Commission rules and regulations, including but not limited
to New York State Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR) Title 16 part 96.453
𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
where:
kWh/SF = Annual electric energy consumption per square foot of conditioned floor area
subject to submetering
SF = Total conditioned floor area of tenant spaces subject to submetering
453
New York Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR) Title 16. NYS Department of Public Service Chapter II.
Electric Utilities Part 96. Residential Electric Submetering.


From application. Annual energy consumption per square foot of
conditioned floor area should be either site-specific and adjusted to
kWh/SF exclude common areas or based on utility territory specific
evaluation of typical tenant energy consumption. It is the
responsibility of the utility to establish these values.
ESF 0.10 NYSERDA Electrical Submetering Manual.454
CF 1.0


The baseline condition is a multifamily building that is master metered for electric service.

The efficient condition is a multi-family building with regulation compliant electric submetering.
Operating Hours
Submetering hours are not utilized in the estimation of energy savings, but meters are assumed to
be operational 8,760 hours per year.

Submeters are installed in a 12,000 SF multifamily building in order to charge tenants for
electric consumption according to their metered usage. The building billing data reflected an
annual 7 kWh/SF the prior year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated
as below.
𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
kWh/SF = 7, from application
454
NYSERDA Electrical Submetering Manual, conservative end of reported 10-26% savings of residential
submetering. However, given the scarcity of recent, reliable studies, it is particularly important that savings from
submetering be rigorously evaluated through ex-post studies.
455

SF = 12,000, from application

CF = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 7 × 12,000 × 0.1 = 8,400 𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,400
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1 = 0.96 𝑘𝑊
8,760

See Appendix P.

Submetering results in more energy conscious tenants, which may translate to indirect fossil fuel
savings. However, due to the uncertainty in the reliability of indirect fossil fuel savings, these
impacts have not been quantified at this time.

References
1. New York State Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR) Title 16. NYS Department of
Public Service Chapter II. Electric Utilities Part 96. Residential Electric Submetering.
Available from:
https://govt.westlaw.com/nycrr/Document/I71fc33eca0fd11e2a69b0000845b8d3e?contex
tData=%28sc.Default%29&transitionType=Default
2. NYSERDA Electrical Submetering Manual.
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
9-18-5 9/28/2018

CONNECTED THERMOSTAT
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified connected thermostats applied
to single-family and multi-family residential HVAC systems. Utilizing Wi-Fi connections, a
connected thermostat provides and receives feedback from users to enhance energy efficiency
without compromising comfort. A connected thermostat controls HVAC equipment to regulate the
temperature of the room or space in which it is installed, communicates with sources external to
the HVAC system for remote adjustment and has the ability to perform automatic adjustments in
response to occupant behavior. Additional connected thermostat capabilities may vary, but at
minimum, must meet the following criteria:
- Work as a basic thermostat in absence of connectivity to the service provider.

- Give residents some form of feedback about the energy consequences of their settings.
- Provide information about HVAC energy use, such as monthly run time.
- Provide the ability to set a schedule.
- Provide the ability to work with utility programs to prevent brownouts and blackouts,
while preserving consumers’ ability to override those grid requests.456
This measure is applicable to single and multi-family centralized heating and cooling systems. For
single - family applications with multiple zones, energy savings are per residence. While incentives
may be provided for multiple thermostat units, the algorithms below shall apply a value of “1” to
the “units” term. For multifamily applications, “tons/unit”, “(kBTU/h)out/unit” and
“(kBTU/hin)/unit” terms shall be set equal to the total capacity of the central cooling/heating
system divided by the total number of dwelling units served by the system. The “units” term shall
be set equal to the total number of dwelling units in which connected thermostats are installed.
This measure is not applicable to multifamily central heating systems with additional capacity for
domestic hot water.
For application of this measure in online marketplace and other point-of-sale rebate programs, an
alternative method relying on deemed savings per household is provided.
(Algorithmic)
12
× [(𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 )
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1
+ ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑜𝑢𝑡 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 )]
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹
456
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Connected Thermostat Products, Eligibility
Criteria Version 1.0, January 2017.

1
× ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑖𝑛 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 )
1,000
(Deemed)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
where:
units = Number of residences in which the measure is installed under the program
ΔkWh/unit = Annual electric energy savings per household
ΔMMBtu/unit = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per household
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per residence, based on nameplate data; for multifamily
buildings with centralized HVAC, this term shall be set equal to the total
cooling capacity of the system divided by the total number of dwelling units it
serves
(kBTU/h)out/unit= Output electric heating capacity in kBTU/h per residence, based on nameplate
data; for multifamily buildings with centralized HVAC, this term shall be set
equal to the total heating capacity of the system divided by the total number of
dwelling units it serves
(kBTU/h)in/unit = Input heating capacity in kBTU/h per residence, based on nameplate data; for
multifamily buildings with centralized HVAC, this term shall be set equal to
the total heating capacity of the system divided by the total number of dwelling
units it serves
Effcooling = Seasonal average energy efficiency over the cooling season, BTU/watt-hour,
(used for average U.S. location/region), using either SEER (<5.4 tons) or IEER
(≥5.4 tons)
HSPF = Seasonal average energy efficiency over the heating season, Heating seasonal

performance factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output (supply heat) in BTU

(including resistance heat) during the heating season / total electric energy heat
pump consumed (in watt-hour); if equipment efficiency is reported in COP,
convert to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412
FElecCool = Electric cooling factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an electric
cooling system
FElecHeat = Electric heating factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an electric
heating system
fuel heating system

Use 152 kWh for thermostats purchased through an
electric marketplace program and 32 kWh for
ΔkWh/unit thermostats purchased through a gas marketplace
program where electric service territory can be
verified.457
Use 2.3 MMBtu for thermostats purchased through a
ΔMMBtu/unit
gas marketplace program and 0 MMBtu otherwise.458
tons/unit From application or use 3 tons as a default.459
(kBTU/h)out/unit From application or use 72 kBTU/h as a default.460
(kBTU/h)in/unit From application or use 90 kBTU/h as a default.461
Effcooling central ASHP system.462 For equipment rated in
457
National Grid 2023 Marketplace Study, June 9, 2023, pg 89
458
Ibid.
459
Assumes a 1,800 ft2 home with 20 BTU/h-ft2 cooling load: 1,800 ft2 x 20 BTU/h-ft2 x 1/12,000 ton/(BTU/h) = 3
tons.
460
Assumes a 1,800 ft2 home with 40 BTU/h-ft2 heating load: 1,800 ft2 x 40 BTU/h-ft2 x 1/(1,000 kBTU/h)/(BTU/h)
= 72 kBTU/h.
461
Assumes a 1,800 ft2 home with 40 BTU/h-ft2 heating load and 80% AFUE: 1,800 ft2 x 40 BTU/h-ft2 x 1/0.80 x
1/(1,000 kBTU/h)/(BTU/h) = 90 kBTU/h.
462
10 CFR 430.32 (c)(1).


central ASHP system. 463 For electric resistance
heating and electric furnaces, use 3.4 HSPF. If taken
HSPF
from application, COP must be converted to HSPF
using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412. Use
HSPF2 for equipment that have an HSPF2 rating.
Look up based on building type, vintage and city in
EFLHcooling
Appendix G.
EFLHheating
Appendix G.
ESFcooling 0.10 Energy savings factor for cooling.464
ESFheating 0.08 Energy savings factor for heating.465
Electric Cooling: 1
Based on EIA Residential Energy Consumption
FElecCool No Electric Cooling: 0
Survey (RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States.466
Unknown: 0.43
Electric Heating: 1
Based on EIA Residential Energy Consumption
FElecHeat No Electric Heating: 0
Survey (RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States.467
Unknown: 0.19
Fossil Fuel Heating: 1
No Fossil Fuel Based on EIA Residential Energy Consumption
FFuelHeat
Heating: 0 Survey (RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States.468
Unknown: 0.61


The baseline condition is an HVAC system controlled by a non-connected programmable
thermostat.
463
Ibid.
464
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Connected Thermostat Products, Eligibility
Criteria Version 1.0, January 2017, pg. 10.
465
Ibid.
466
EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 for Middle Atlantic States, Table HC7.7
(“Unknown” calculated as the number of homes with central AC divided by the total number of homes).
467
(“Unknown” calculated as the number of homes with electric heat divided by the total number of homes).
468
(“Unknown” calculated as the number of homes with natural gas heat divided by the total number of homes).

The compliance condition is an HVAC system controlled by an ENERGY STAR® qualified

connected thermostat as defined in the Measure Description section above.
Operating Hours
prototypical building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for single and multi-
family buildings in NY are shown in Appendix G.

A connected thermostat is installed in single-family detached home located near Albany
constructed in 1995. The home is cooled by a 2.5 ton air conditioner with an efficiency of 14
SEER and heated by an 80 kBTUh gas-fired furnace. Summer Peak Coincident Demand
Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
12
× [(𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 )
1
+ ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑜𝑢𝑡 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹
× 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 )]
1
× ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑖𝑛 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 )
1,000

tons/unit = 2.5, from application
Effcooling = 14, from application
from application.
ESFcooling = 0.10, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FElecCool = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
(kBTU/h)out/unit = N/A based on application
HSPF = N/A based on application
FElecHeat = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
(kBTU/h)in/unit = 80, from application
from application
ESFheating = 0.08, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FFuelHeat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application

12
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × [(2.5 × × 358 × 0.1 × 1) + (0)] = 76.71 𝑘𝑊ℎ
14
1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (80 × × 933 × 0.08 × 1) = 5.97 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000

See Appendix P.


Reduced operating hours during the heating and cooling season result in distribution blower
electric savings. These effects are not quantified in the prescribed savings estimation methodology
for this measure at this time.
References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Connected
Thermostat Products, Eligibility Criteria Version 1.0, January 2017.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20P
rogram%20Requirements%20for%20Connected%20Thermostats%20Version%201.0.pdf
div8
Atlantic States.
Available from: https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2020/
4. National Grid 2023 Marketplace Study, June 9, 2023
Available from:
https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdocuments.dps.ny.gov%
2Fpublic%2FCommon%2FViewDoc.aspx%3FDocRefId%3D%257b50A40789-0000-CE14-
941F-
C335459869F3%257d&data=05%7C01%7CEReaddy%40trccompanies.com%7C4e136c2c8501
445498d708dba8a8892c%7C543eaf7b7e0d4076a34d1fc8cc20e5bb%7C0%7C0%7C638289214
037010657%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiL
CJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=4bLQtJmn8x38W9dM
mwK1OrUxDRWCnfRdF8vawoYE0OA%3D&reserved=0

Record of Revision
3-18-17 3/29/2018
9-23-8 10/6/2023

THERMOSTAT - PROGRAMMABLE SETBACK

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of programmable setback thermostats applied to single-family
and multi-family residential air conditioners, heat pumps, boilers, furnaces and electric resistance
baseboard heating systems.
One programmable thermostat may be applied to each controlled HVAC system.
12
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [(𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
1
+ ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝑜𝑢𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹
1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝑖𝑛 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
1,000
where:
units = Number of residences in which the measure is installed under the program
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per residence, based on nameplate data; for multifamily
buildings with centralized HVAC, this term shall be set equal to the total
cooling capacity of the system divided by the total number of dwelling units it
serves
(kBTU/h)out/unit= Output electric heating capacity in kBTU/h per residence, based on nameplate
data; for multifamily buildings with centralized HVAC, this term shall be set
equal to the total heating capacity of the system divided by the total number of
dwelling units it serves
(kBTU/h)in/unit = Input heating capacity in kBTU/h per residence, based on nameplate data; for
multifamily buildings with centralized HVAC, this term shall be set equal to
the total heating capacity of the system divided by the total number of dwelling
units it serves
Effcooling = Seasonal average energy efficiency over the cooling season, BTU/watt-hour,
(used for average U.S. location/region), using either SEER (<5.4 tons) or IEER
(≥5.4 tons)

HSPF = Seasonal average energy efficiency over the heating season, Heating seasonal
performance factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output (supply heat) in BTU
(including resistance heat) during the heating season / total electric energy heat
pump consumed (in watt-hour); if equipment efficiency is reported in COP,
convert to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412

tons/unit From application or use 3 tons as a default.469
(kBTU/h)out/unit From application or use 72 kBTU/h as a default.470
(kBTU/h)in/unit From application or use 90 kBTU/h as a default.471
Effcooling central ASHP system.472 For equipment rated in
central ASHP system.473 For electric resistance
heating and electric furnaces, use 3.4 HSPF. If taken
HSPF from application, COP must be converted to HSPF
using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412. For
equipment rated in HSPF2, HSPF2 rating shall be
used.
EFLHcooling
Appendix G.
EFLHheating
Appendix G.
ESFcooling 0.09 Energy savings factor for cooling.
ESFheating 0.02 Energy savings factor for heating.474
The nominal rating of the cooling capacity of the air conditioner or heat pump should be set equal
to the rated capacity of all cooling equipment in the residence. The energy savings should be
469
Assumes a 1,800 ft2 home with 20 BTU/h-ft2 cooling load: 1,800 ft2 x 20 BTU/h-ft2 x 1/12,000 ton/(BTU/h) = 3
tons.
470
Assumes a 1,800 ft2 home with 40 BTU/h-ft2 heating load: 1,800 ft2 x 40 BTU/h-ft2 x 1/(1,000 kBTU/h)/(BTU/h)
= 72 kBTU/h.
471
Assumes a 1,800 ft2 home with 40 BTU/h-ft2 heating load and 80% AFUE: 1,800 ft2 x 40 BTU/h-ft2 x 1/0.80 x
1/(1,000 kBTU/h)/(BTU/h) = 90 kBTU/h.
472
10 CFR 430.32 (c)(1).
473
Ibid.
474
Opinion Dynamics: New York Statewide Residential Gas High-Efficiency Heating Equipment Programs
Evaluation of 2009-2011 Programs; August 2014.

calculated based on the capacity of the HVAC system, with one thermostat controlling the system.
For multifamily with central HVAC, total cooling capacity of the system should be used.
The nominal rating of the heating capacity of the heat pump should be set equal to the rated
capacity of all heating equipment controlled in the residence. The energy savings should be
calculated based on the capacity of the HVAC system, with one thermostat controlling the system.
For multifamily with central HVAC, total heating capacity of the system should be used.


The baseline system is a standard, non-programmable thermostat for a central heating and cooling
system when a programmable thermostat is not otherwise required by applicable energy
conservation code. If programmable thermostats are required by code, no deemed savings exist.
The baseline efficiency for air conditioners and heat pumps should be set according to the sections
on air conditioner and heat pump efficiency above. Electric resistance heating systems should use
an HSPF = 3.412, which is equivalent to a coefficient of performance of 1.0.
Studies of residential heating thermostat set point behavior indicate some amount of manual
setback adjustment in homes without programmable thermostats. This behavior is accounted for
in the prototypical building simulation model used to calculate heating equivalent full-load hours,
as described in Appendix A. An assumption of 3°F of night time setback behavior is embedded
in the models.

The energy savings factor for heating (ESFheating) is the ratio of the energy savings resulting from
installation of a programmable setback thermostat to the annual heating energy. The heating
energy savings factor assumption is derived from the results of a New York State specific
residential fossil fuel program evaluation conducted by Opinion Dynamics. This evaluation
indicated a 2-4% reduction in total annual fossil fuel consumption resulting from installation of
programmable thermostats. A conservative value of 2% of the annual heating energy consumption
is assumed as deemed savings for programmable setback thermostats in residential applications.
The cooling energy savings factor (ESFcooling) is the ratio of the energy savings resulting from
installation of a programmable setback thermostat to the annual cooling energy. The cooling energy
savings factor assumption is taken from the ENERGY STAR® website. The ENERGY STAR®
calculator estimates an energy savings of 6% of the annual cooling energy consumption per degree
of setback for programmable setback thermostats in residential applications. This measure assumes
an average of 1.5 degrees of setback over the cooling season for an estimated annual cooling
energy savings of 9%.

Operating Hours
prototypical building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for single and multi-
family buildings in NY are shown in Appendix G.

A programmable setback thermostat is installed in single-family detached home located near
Albany constructed in 1995. The home is cooled by a 2.5 ton air conditioner with an efficiency
of 14 SEER and heated by an 80 kBTUh gas-fired furnace. Summer Peak Coincident Demand
12
× [(𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
1
+ ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝑜𝑢𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹
1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ((𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝑖𝑛 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
1,000

Effcooling = 14, from application
from application.
FElecCool = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
(kBTU/h)out/unit = N/A based on application
HSPF = N/A based on application
from application
12
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × [(2.5 × × 358 × 0.09 × 1) + (0)] = 69.04 𝑘𝑊ℎ
14
1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (80 × × 933 × 0.02 × 1) = 1.49 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000


See Appendix P.


Reduced operating hours during the heating and cooling season result in distribution blower
electric savings. These effects are not quantified in the prescribed savings estimation methodology
for this measure at this time.
References
div8
2. For examples of studies on residential thermostat set point behavior, see the literature
review conducted for the California Energy Commission project “Residential
Thermostats: Comfort Controls in California Homes,” CEC-500-03-026.
Available from: http://eta-publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/lbnl-938e.pdf
3. Baseline thermostat setback assumptions taken from: Conner, C.C. and Lucas, R.L. 1990.
Thermostat Related Behavior and Internal Temperatures Based on Measured Data in
Residences. PNL-7465, Pacific Northwest Laboratory. Richland, WA.
Available from:
http://elcap.nwcouncil.org/Documents/Thermostat%20Related%20Behavior.PDF
4. Opinion Dynamics: New York Statewide Residential Gas High-Efficiency Heating
Equipment Programs Evaluation of 2009-2011 Programs; August 2014.
Available from:
https://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId=%7B82DFD98
0-F251-4246-9EBE-A7FA0D782823%7D
5. Programmable thermostat savings for the cooling season taken from the ENERGY
STAR® website.
Available from:
https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energystar.g
ov%2Fia%2Fpartners%2Fpromotions%2Fcool_change%2Fdownloads%2FCalculatorPro
grammableThermostat.xls&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK

Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
1 12/31/2015
1-17-3 12/31/2016
2-17-1 2/10/2017

THERMOSTATIC RADIATOR VALVE (TRV) – O NE PIPE STEAM RADIATOR

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs) on one-pipe steam
radiators. TRVs are self-contained, self-operated valves that do not require ancillary power. They
provide local control of room temperature by controlling the venting of air out of the radiator.
TRVs are available for a variety of installation conditions utilizing either remote-mounted sensors
or integral-mounted sensors by means of remote or integral set point adjustment. This measure is
specifically a TRV in combination with an air vent installed at one or more radiators in a one-pipe
steam space heating system.
TRVs demonstrate the greatest potential for energy savings and financial viability when
overheating is exhibited in zones throughout the system and when combined with other steam
system best practices improvements. Therefore, prioritization of this measure is recommended in
zones that are overheated by 3°F or greater475 and when installed as part of system inspection,
balancing and commissioning including, but not limited to: burner tuning, boiler cleaning,
recalibration of boiler control set points, inspection and repair/replacement of leaking inlets and
air vents, installation of properly sized air vents, main line steam trap repair/replacement,
recalibration of system operating pressure, insulation of bare steam lines and installation of
radiator orifice plates in two-pipe systems.476
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢⁄𝐻𝐷𝐷) × 𝐻𝐷𝐷𝑙𝑜𝑐
where:
units = Number of TRVs installed
(ΔMMBtu/HDD) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per Heating Degree Day (HDD), per
TRV
HDDloc = Heating Degree Days based on location
475
NYSERDA, Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) Demonstration Project, Report No. 95-14, September 1995, pg.
5-1.
476
US DOE, Thermostatic Radiator Valve Evaluation, January 2015, pg. 25-26.


ΔMMBtu/HDD 0.0004318 Average fuel savings per HDD per unit477
Lookup based on location from Heating Degree
HDDloc
Days section below
Heating Degree Days

For the purposes of this measure, Heating Degree Days are defined as the number of degrees that
a day's average temperature is below some baseline temperature, which represents the temperature
below which buildings need to be heated. The HDD values listed in the table below are based on
30-year averages of U.S annual climate normals for the period of 1991 to 2020 using base 65° F.478
City HDDloc
Albany 6,391
Binghamton 7,200
Buffalo 6,502
Massena 8,030
NYC 4,900
Poughkeepsie 6,026
Syracuse 6,625


The baseline condition is an existing space heating system with manual control valves at
freestanding radiators, convectors, or baseboard heating units.

The measure is defined as the existing radiator, convector, or baseboard heater unit controlled by
the thermostatic radiator valve.
Operating Hours
Evaluation of savings associated with installation of TRVs is dependent upon typical heating
degree days as specified in the Summary of Variables and Data Sources above.
477
Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) Demonstration Project. Prepared by NYSERDA, Project Manager Norine
Karins and the EME Group Project Manager Michael McNamara. NYSERDA report 95-14. September 1995.
478
HDD taken from NCEI 1991-2020 climate normals.


10 thermostatic radiator valves are installed on one-pipe steam radiators in a multifamily
building located near Albany. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident
below.
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢⁄𝐻𝐷𝐷) × 𝐻𝐷𝐷𝑙𝑜𝑐

(∆MMBtu/HDD) = 0.0004318, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
HDDloc = 6,391, from Heating Degree Days table based on location from application
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 10 × 0.0004318 × 6,391 = 27.59 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.


References
1. US DOE, Thermostatic Radiator Valve Evaluation, January 2015.
2. Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) Demonstration Project. Prepared by NYSERDA,
Project manager Norine Karins and the EME Group project manager Michael
McNamara. NYSERDA report 95-14. September 1995.
Available from: https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/119941
3. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – NCEI 1981-2010 Normals.

Record of Revision
1-16-12 12/31/2015
6-17-7 6/30/2017
6-19-8 6/28/2019
7-21-23 8/30/2021

SMART THERMOSTATIC RADIATOR ENCLOSURE (TRE)

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the installation of Smart Thermostatic Radiator Enclosures (TRE).
Smart TREs are insulated radiator covers with integrated temperature controls and sensors. These
systems allow for the control of heat energy transfer from the radiator to a room, while enabling
feedback to the heating plant to optimize building-wide energy consumption. Each radiator cover
incorporates a thermostatically-controlled fan, which operates based on the room temperature and
the temperature set-point (set by the user and/or the designated operator). An integrated radio in
the cover communicates room and radiator temperature in real-time to centralized systems and
instructs the system to provide heating only when necessary.
TREs demonstrate significant savings opportunities in buildings with heating distribution

imbalances and perform best when combined with other steam system best practices
improvements. This measure is only applicable in buildings with one or two-pipe steam space
heating. This measure is only applicable when 60% or more of a building’s radiators are retrofitted
with TREs to ensure the benefits of system network communication.479
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = −(𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑇𝑅𝐸 )
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings480
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = (𝐹𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 × 𝐻𝐸𝐼 + 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 ) × ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔annual
𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑆𝐹
𝐻𝐸𝐼 =
𝐻𝐷𝐷
where:
479
A majority of a building’s radiators must be retrofitted with smart TREs for the system to realize the savings
presented in this measure, which is dependent upon temperature and air flow communication throughout the
building. While the implementation rate is typically expected to be higher, this measure is subject to diminishing
returns, which become appreciable at approximately 60% implementation. For example, kitchens and bathrooms
often experience unpredictable temperature loads and smart TREs in such rooms may not increase heating system
efficiency.
480
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings equation developed based on a linear regression analysis comparing building
heating therm savings and Heating Energy Intensity (HEI).

units = Number of TREs installed under the program

kWhTRE = Annual electric consumption of smart TRE
HEI = Building Heating Energy Intensity
BTU = Annual space heating fossil fuel consumption, in BTUs
SF = Conditioned square footage of building
HDD = Heating Degree Days based on location
Fratio = Factor, observed ratio of percent savings to existing building HEI`1
Flower bound = Factor, observed lower bound of percent savings481
heatingannual = Annual heating consumption of building, in MMBtu

kWhTRE 7 Empirically determined consumption of smart TRE482
From application. Building Heating Energy Intensity is the
heating energy consumed by a building in one year (in
BTU) divided by the total conditioned square footage of the
building divided by local annual heating degree days. Each
component is further outlined below.
HEI
If billing data is not available, use a value of 10.5 as a
default. Default HEI was calculated by multiplying a
weighted average of New York City residential building
fossil fuel EUI values483 for steam systems by 0.72 to
establish space heating HEI484, and dividing by New York
City HDD.
From application, annual space heating fuel consumption,
from billing data.
If annual space heating fossil fuel consumption is not

known, multiply total annual energy consumption (electric
BTU and fossil fuel, in BTU) by 0.57 for single - family homes or
0.47 for multifamily buildings to derive default annual
space heating BTU.485
If using the default HEI value cited above, BTU is already

accounted for in that value.
SF From application, total conditioned building square footage.
481
Value represents the y-intercept of linear regression analysis.
482
NYSERDA ETAC-EPV-001: Radiator Labs Energy Performance Validation Project, page 2.
483
Local Law 84 data via Urban Green Council, Demystifying Steam, February 2019, Table 2: Total Building Floor
Area by Heating System Type and Building Size, and Table 3: Baseline Fuel Use and Estimated Savings from
Boiler and Distribution Improvements.
484
Local Law 84 and Local Law 87 as cited in Urban Green Council, Demystifying Steam, February 2019, page 22.
485
EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 for the Northeast, Table CE3.2. Blended averages are
developed for single family data and for multifamily space heating consumption data compared to total building
consumption data.


If using billing data to develop HEI, look up based on
location from Heating Degree Days section below.
HDD
Otherwise, HDD is accounted for in the default HEI value
cited above.
From application, annual space heating consumption of
building, in MMBtu.
If annual space heating consumption of building is not

known, derive heatingannual by the following methods
depending on available data:
1. If total annual energy consumption is known, multiply

heatingannual total annual energy consumption (electric and fossil fuel, in
MMBtu) by 0.61 for single - family homes or 0.41 for
multifamily buildings to derive heatingannual.486
2. If using the default HEI value cited above, multiply

default HEI by conditioned square footage and by HDD
(look up based on location from Heating Degree Days
section below), then divide the result by 1,000,000 to derive
heatingannual.487
Based on slope of linear regression analysis comparing
building heating MMBtu savings and HEI488. For additional
Fratio 0.018 detail on the derivation of this value, refer to the “NY TRM
- Smart Thermostatic Radiator Enclosure -
Supplement.xlsx” workbook.
Based on intercept of linear regression analysis comparing
building heating MMBtu savings and HEI489. For additional
Flower bound 0.020 detail on the derivation of this value, refer to the “NY TRM
- Smart Thermostatic Radiator Enclosure -
Supplement.xlsx” workbook.
Heating Degree Days

486
EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2015 for the Northeast, Table CE3.2. Blended averages are
developed for single family data and for multifamily space heating consumption data compared to total building
consumption data.
487
Urban Green Council, Demystifying Steam, February 2019. Typical HEI of 10.5 developed by multiplying a
weighted average of fuel EUI (Table 2 of report) by 0.72 (page 22 of report) to derive space heating HEI for steam
systems and dividing by NYC HDD to derive HEI in BTU/SF/HDD.
488
Savings analysis based on “A focused Demonstration Project; the ‘Cozy’ by Radiator Labs” (NYSERDA, 2016)
and “Radiator Labs Energy Performance Validation Project” (NYSERDA, 2018).
489
Ibid.

30-year averages of U.S annual climate normals for the period of 1991 to 2020 using base 65° F.490
City HDD
Albany 6,391
Binghamton 7,200
Buffalo 6,502
Massena 8,030
NYC 4,900
Poughkeepsie 6,026
Syracuse 6,625


The baseline condition is an exposed radiator in a one or two-pipe space heating steam system.

The compliance condition is a radiator equipped with a smart TRE in a one or two-pipe space
heating steam system. At least 60% of the building’s radiators must be retrofitted with smart TREs
with radio communication capability between the heating system and individual TREs. Smart
TREs must be insulation rated to R-3 and be UL certified.
Operating Hours
Operating hours are not directly applied in this methodology and are therefore not explicitly
defined for this measure. However, consideration of system operating hours is embedded in
normalized, location-dependent heating degree days.

Smart TREs are installed on 20 one-pipe steam radiators in a 20,000 SF multifamily building.
A year of building billing data captures 1,170 MMBtu space heating energy consumption.
National weather data reports 5,120 heating degree days over the billing period of that year.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = −(𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑇𝑅𝐸 )
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = (𝐹𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 × 𝐻𝐸𝐼 + 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 ) × ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔annual

490

kWhTRE = 7, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

Fratio = 0.018, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
HEI = BTU/SF/HDD = 1,170,000,000 / 20,000 / 5,120 = 11.43
BTU, SF, and HDD based on application
Flower,bound = 0.020, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
heatingannual = 1,170, from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = −(20 × 7) = − 140 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = (0.018 × 11.4 + 0.020) × 1,170 = 263.48 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

Smart TRE building implementation incorporates radio communication between radiators and the
central heating system. Building wide integration enables monitoring of whole system and tracking
of potential issues in real time, notifying building owners of issues with steam traps and risers,
unexpected heating flow or blockage, etc. These impacts are not considered in the prescribed
savings methodology for this measure.

Each radiator cover has a circulation fan that cycles on each time that the infrared thermostat
indicates that heating is required. As a result, the installation of this system results in a marginal
increase in electric energy use. This impact is addressed in this measure.
References
1. NYSERDA Report Number 18-12, “A Focused Demonstration Project: The “Cozy” by
Radiator Labs.”
Available from: https://uploads-
ssl.webflow.com/5e7673a2cdc6be0da6025de0/61d4ead1034a44baf58ce262_Radiator-
Labs.Cozy_.NYSERDA-Report.2018.pdf
2. NYSERDA ETAC-EPV-001: Radiator Labs Energy Performance Validation Project.
Available from: https://docslib.org/doc/711336/to-download-the-full-report
3. BizEE Degree Days; Weather Data for Energy Professionals.
Available from: https://www.degreedays.net/
4. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – NCEI 1981-2010 Normals.
5. Urban Green Council, Demystifying Steam, February 2019.
Available from: https://www.urbangreencouncil.org/wp-
content/uploads/2022/08/2019.02.12_demystifying_steam_report.pdf

6. EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2020 Survey Data End-Use
Consumption in the Northeast.
Available from:
https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2020/c&e/pdf/ce3.2.pdf
Record of Revision
12-19-5 12/23/2019

LIGHTING
CONNECTED LIGHTING
Measure Description
This measure covers the use of connected lighting control systems on lighting in residential interior
and exterior spaces. Connected lighting control systems are LED-based lighting systems with
integrated sensors and controllers that are networked (either wired or wireless), enabling lighting
products within the system to communicate and exchange data with other devices. These systems
save energy and peak demand by reducing lighting operating hours and dimming lamps.
𝑊𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙,𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑊𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙,𝑒𝑥𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 ) + ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑥𝑡 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
1,000 1,000
𝑊𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙,𝑖𝑛𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
𝑊𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙,𝑖𝑛𝑡
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
where:
Wctrl,int = Total wattage of controlled lighting in interior spaces (Watts)
Wctrl,ext = Total wattage of controlled lighting in exterior (and/or “unknown”) spaces
(Watts)
hrsint = Interior lighting operating hours
hrsext = Exterior/”unknown” lighting operating hours


From application; shall exclude wattage of lighting for
Wctrl,int
which installation location is unknown.
From application; shall include wattage of lighting for
Wctrl,ext
which installation location is unknown.
hrsint
section below.
hrsext
section below.
weighted average by city. If unknown, assume Single
HVACc
Family Home building type, new vintage, and AC with
Fuel heat HVAC type. See Appendix D. For lighting in
unconditioned space, use a value of 0.
HVAC interaction factor for peak demand at utility
summer peak hour (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC
HVACd type weighted average by city. If unknown, assume
Single Family Home building type, new vintage, and AC
with Fuel heat HVAC type. See Appendix D.
HVACff weighted average by city. If unknown, assume Single
Family Home building type, new vintage, and AC with
Fuel heat HVAC type. See Appendix D.
Energy Savings Forecast of Solid State Lighting in
ESF 0.29
General Illumination Applications.491
CF 0.13


The baseline condition for this measure is LED lighting without a connected lighting system.

The compliance condition is LED lighting with a connected lighting system that allows for remote
user control of lighting, lighting brightness, and lighting schedules. 493

Operating Hours
Look up operating hours from the table below, based on lamp location and city. See details below
for derivation of operating hours. “Interior” designation extends to any covered area not adequately
lit during daylight hours by sunlight, thus requiring daytime operation of lighting. “Unknown” is
not a valid selection for direct install programs.
City Interior Exterior Unknown

Albany 986 2,081 1,022
Binghamton 986 2,081 1,022
Buffalo 986 2,081 1,022
Massena 986 2,081 1,022
NYC 1,752 2,117 1,752
Poughkeepsie 986 2,081 1,022
Syracuse 986 2,081 1,022
NYS cities other than NYC, Interior

Hours of operation for interior lighting is estimated to be 2.7 operating hours per day or 986 (2.7
x 365) hours per year. This value is derived from on-site lighting inventories of homes in New
York, exclusive of New York City and Westchester County, and refined through a hierarchical
model that drew upon loggers installed in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island.3
NYS cities other than NYC, Unknown

Hours of operation for lighting installed in an unknown location is estimated to be 2.8 operating
hours per day or 1,022 (2.8 x 365) hours per year. This value is a weighted average of interior and
exterior lighting hours derived from on-site lighting inventories of homes in New York, exclusive
of New York City and Westchester County, and refined through a hierarchical model that drew
upon loggers installed in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island.3
NYC, Interior
Hours of operation for exterior lighting is estimated to be 4.8 operating hours per day or 1,752 (4.8
York City and Westchester County.3
NYC, Unknown
exterior lighting hours derived from on-site lighting inventories of homes in New York City and
Westchester County.494

See Appendix P.


Reduction in lighting power increases space heating requirements in conditioned spaces.
Interactive HVAC impacts are addressed in prescribed energy savings calculation methodology.

Reduction in lighting power decreases cooling requirements in conditioned spaces. Interactive
HVAC impacts are addressed in prescribed energy savings calculation methodology.
References
1. Navigant Consulting. Department of Energy Solid-State Lighting Program. Energy
Savings Forecast of Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications. December
2019.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2020/02/f72/2019_ssl-energy-
savings-forecast.pdf
2. NMR Group Inc., “Northeast Residential Lighting Hours-of-Use Study”, May 5, 2014.
Available from: https://neep.org/sites/default/files/resources/Northeast-Residential-
Lighting-Hours-of-Use-Study-Final-Report1.pdf
Record of Revision
6-22-6 9/2/2022

INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Measure Description
This measure covers energy efficient lighting equipment, such as energy efficient lamps, LED
lamps and improved lighting fixtures installed in interior or exterior locations. These technologies,
taken separately or combined into an energy efficient lighting fixture, provide the required
illumination at reduced input power.
Beginning January 2012 and phased in through January 2014, the Energy Independence and
Security Act of 2007 (EISA) regulations stipulated typical screw-based general service lamps
(GSLs) with wattages ranging from 40W to 100W to comply with new lamp wattage standards
such that the range of wattages decreased to be from 29W to 72W for rated lumen output ranging
from 310 to 2,600 lumens.495,496 A backstop provision was included in this legislation that would
require general service lamps to meet a minimum efficacy of 45 lumens per watt beginning on
1/1/2020 in the absence of a final rule amending GSL standards.497 Additionally in 2017, final
rulings were promulgated expanding GSL and GSIL definitions to eliminate exceptions for certain
specialty lamps, reflector lamps and decorative lamps effective 1/1/2020. 498 , 499 The backstop
provision and revised definitions rulings were withdrawn prior to their effectuation date and
subsequently reinstated by DOE with phased enforcement between January 2023 and July
2023. 500,501 As such, baseline values for market rate applications of this measure shall apply
wattages in accordance with revised GSL and GSIL definitions and the imposed 45 lumen per watt
standard established via these rulings. Where existing conditions are available, LMI applications
of the primary method prescribed below shall establish baseline wattage aligned with existing
conditions.
This measure consists of two methods for estimating energy and demand savings. The primary
method represented by the first set of algorithms below is suitable for both market rate and LMI
applications. The alternative methodology represented by the second set of algorithms shall be
used for LMI applications only. This simplified approach relies on average sampling data to
establish wattage and consumption reductions and assumed hours of operation. It is only
applicable for LMI projects consisting of 16 LED lamps or fewer. Projects exceeding this limit
require a lighting schedule.
(𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑊𝑒𝑒 )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
495
The maximum rated wattage varies for modified spectrum lamps.
496
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. Pub. L. 110-140. Sec. 321. Efficient Light Bulbs H.R.6 – 86.
497
42 U.S.C. 6295(i)(6)(A)(v).
498
DOE 82 FR 7276.
499
DOE 82 FR 7322.
500
DOE 87 FR 27439.
501
DOE 87 FR 27461.

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
Alternate Method for Calculating Annual Energy Savings for LMI Projects502
This methodology for claiming savings is an alternate method that is being tested for future use
and will be evaluated for use in both Market-Rate and LMI households.
General Purpose LEDs
∆𝑊𝐿𝑀𝐼,𝐺𝑃 × 365
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000
Candelabra LEDs503
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐿𝑀𝐼,𝐶𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑏𝑟𝑎
where:
W = Rated wattage of lamp and/or fixture (Watts)
hrs = Lighting operating hours
(MMBtu/kWh)
502
The average wattage reduction per lamp is taken to be 46 watts for A-lamps and 33 watts for candelabra type
lamps. The first lamp operating hours for A-lamps prescribed in the Operating Hours section below were determined
from the same study used to derive the standard method operating hours. The additional lower hours for larger
quantities of A-lamp LEDs are from various sources.
503
It is assumed that the ΔkWh per Candelabra lamp is 42.2 kWh. This is derived from an assumed ΔW of 33W per
lamp and 3.5 hours of usage per day. The savings associated with candelabra lamps is derived from a baseline lamp
wattage that is pre-EISA 2020 adjustments. The 2007 baseline maximum for candelabra lamps in EISA states that
the wattage cannot exceed 60 watts.

ΔWLMI,GP = Wattage reduction per general-purpose lamp (LMI only)

ΔkWhLMI,Candelabra = Annual electric energy savings per candelabra lamp (LMI only)
365 = Days per year

Baseline measure watts, from appropriate “Baseline
Efficiencies” section below.
If applying the primary method in an LMI application,

in situ wattage may be used in place of assumed
Wbaseline
baseline wattage. If the existing wattage is not known
for an LMI application, use the “Midstream/Upstream
Applications for General Service Lamps” subsection
below. For detailed definitions, refer to the NOTE in
the “Baseline Efficiency” section.
Wee Energy efficient measure watts, from application
Look up in Operating Hours section below based on
project type, installation type and location. “Interior”
designation extends to any covered area not adequately
lit during daylight hours by sunlight, thus requiring
hrs daytime operation of lighting. “Unknown” is not a valid
selection for direct install programs.
LMI projects may claim up to 16 LED lamps before

requiring a lighting schedule.
Exterior and HVAC interaction factor for annual electric energy
HVACc Unconditioned consumption (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC type
Spaces: 0 weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
Exterior and HVAC interaction factor for peak demand at utility
HVACd Unconditioned summer peak hour (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC
Space: 0 type weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
Exterior and HVAC interaction factor for annual fossil fuel energy
HVACff Unconditioned consumption (MMBtu/kWh). Vintage and HVAC type
Space: 0 weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
“Interior” designation extends to any covered area not
Interior: 0.16
CF adequately lit during daylight hours by sunlight, thus
Exterior: 0
requiring daytime operation of lighting.
ΔWLMI,GP 46 Wattage reduction per general-purpose lamp.504
This is derived from an assumed ΔW of 33W per lamp
ΔkWhLMI,Candelabra 42.2
and 3.5 hours of usage per day.
A sampling of recorded pre- and post- wattage of 100 completed EmPower projects, Data reported by a New
504
York City agency (AEA), Inspections completed by Nexant, during a program evaluation (“M&V Evaluation
EmPower New YorkSM Program,” March 2007)., EmPCalc Honeywell Narrative 10_04_16 10 AM.

HVAC system interaction factors are defined as the ratios of the cooling energy and demand
reduction and heating energy increase per unit of lighting energy reduction. Much of the input
energy for lighting systems is converted to heat that must be removed by the HVAC system.
Reductions in lighting heat gains due to lighting power reduction decrease the need for space
cooling and increase the need for space heating.
HVAC interaction factors vary by climate, HVAC system type and building type. Prescribed
values for HVAC interaction factors for lighting energy and peak demand savings are shown in
Appendix D. Lighting systems in unconditioned spaces or on the building exterior will have
interaction factors of 0.0.

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor for interior lighting is 0.16.505 This value shall also
be used if the installation location is unknown.
Because exterior lighting is assumed to operate during off-peak hours only, the prescribed
coincidence factor for exterior lighting is 0.0.

NOTE: For the purposes of establishing baseline efficiencies for this measure, “Downstream”
encompasses any program delivery mechanism that allows for the determination of housing type
(Market Rate vs. LMI) and, in the case of LMI programs, existing lamp wattage.
“Midstream/Upstream” baselines are intended for program delivery mechanisms where housing
type cannot be identified or for LMI programs where existing lamp wattage cannot be identified.
Downstream Market Rate Applications for General Service Lamps

In accordance with DOE final rules published in May 2022, baseline wattage for General Service
Lamps (GSLs) (as defined in DOE 87 FR 27461)506 in market rate applications shall be established
based on a minimum standard efficacy of 45 lumens per watt.507 Baseline wattage shall be derived
as follows:
𝐿𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑒
𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 =
45
where:
Wbaseline = Baseline lamp wattage
505
NMR Group Inc., “Northeast Residential Lighting Hours-of-Use Study”, May 5, 2014. Table 4-4: Peak Period
Coincidence Factors and Confidence Intervals – Efficient Bulbs. CF referenced reflects Average Summer for
NYSERDA based on ISO-NE peak period. The NYSERDA model includes UNY and DNY. The NYSERDA model
does not differentiate between interior and exterior lighting. The interior lighting sample size is significantly larger
than the exterior sample size. Thus, reported Coincidence Factor is appropriate for interior lighting and unknown
installations.
506
DOE 87 FR 27461.
507
DOE 87 FR 27439.

Lumensee = Rated light output of efficient lamp

45 = Minimum lumens per watt standard established by DOE final rule
Downstream Market Rate Applications for Exempt Lamps

A general service lamp, as defined in the Code of Federal Regulations, is a lamp, including but not
limited to general service incandescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, general service light-
emitting diode lamps, and general service organic light emitting diode lamps used in general
lighting applications that:
(1) Has an ANSI base;
(2) Is able to operate at a voltage of 12 volts or 24 volts, at or between 100 to 130 volts, at or
between 220 to 240 volts, or of 277 volts for integrated lamps, or is able to operate at any
voltage for non-integrated lamps;
(3) Has an initial lumen output of greater than or equal to 310 lumens (or 232 lumens for
modified spectrum general service incandescent lamps) and less than or equal to 3,300
lumens;
(4) Is capable of being operated at voltage range at least partially within 110 and 130 volts.
Certain lamp types were exempt from the original EISA legislation and subsequent final rule
amending the definition of GSLs, though several exemptions were discontinued in the latter. For
a complete list and definitions of exempt lamp types, as well as discussion of discontinued and
maintained exemptions, reference final rules 82 FR 7276 and 82 FR 7322.508,509
For products that are not governed by the 45 lumen per watt standard (i.e., do not meet the
definition of general service lamp or fall under an exempt product category), the baseline wattage
shall be established per ENERGY STAR Watts Equivalent guidance or manufacturer
recommended baseline wattage.
Midstream/Upstream Applications for General Service Lamps

Due to lack of availability of customer and existing conditions data in midstream and upstream
program delivery mechanisms and the blend of market rate and LMI customer participation in
these programs, distinct baseline guidance for these program types that endeavors to account for
the proportion of LMI participants across NY state has been developed. The intent of this guidance
is a blended baseline applying a 45 lumen per watt standard for market rate participants and an
approximated existing condition baseline across the LMI participant population. For the purposes
of this exercise, the approximated existing condition baseline for LMI customers was assumed to
align with baselines established for residential lighting prior to the effectuation of the 45 lumen
per watt backstop.
Evaluation of 2021 retail LED bulb sales suggest that approximately 37% of residential LEDs are
purchased by LMI customers.510 As such, the baselines prescribed for midstream and upstream
508
DOE 82 FR 7276.
509
DOE 82 FR 7322.
510
Cadmus & Demand Side Analytics, “Residential Retail Lighting Impact Evaluation Final Report”, Prepared for
Central Hudson, April 20, 2022 – Slide 33.

applications in the tables below apply a weighting reflecting 37% LMI and 63% market rate
participation.
The baselines established below are applicable to midstream and upstream programs as well as
downstream LMI programs where the primary calculation methodology above is utilized and
existing lamp wattage cannot be collected. For lamps that are not covered by the tables below,
either based on bulb type or lumen output, the manufacturer recommended baseline wattage should
be used.
Standard Lamps
Bulb Type Lumen Range Wbaseline
(a) (b) (c)
Use ENERGY STAR
< 310
Watts Equivalent
310 – 749 22
A-Lamp
750 – 1,049 35
(A15, A17, A19,
1,050 – 1,489 46
A21)
1,490 – 2,600 66
Use ENERGY STAR
> 2,600
Watts Equivalent

Specialty Lamps
Baseline wattage for specialty lamps are found in the table below. Specialty lamps are defined as
screw-base lamps that are globe, bullet, candle or decorative shaped. These can be medium base,
intermediate base, or candelabra base lamps.
Bulb Type Base Type Lumen Range Wbaseline

(a) (b) (c) (d)
Use ENERGY STAR
< 90
Watts Equivalent
90 – 179 6
180 – 249 10
250 – 349 13
E26 and E17 350 – 749 22
750 – 1,049 29
1,050 – 1,489 37
Globe 1,490 – 2,600 55
Use ENERGY STAR
> 2,600
All G (G30, G25, Watts Equivalent
G16.5) Use ENERGY STAR
< 90
Watts Equivalent
90 – 179 6
180 – 249 10
E12
250 – 349 13
(Candelabra)
350 – 499 21
500 – 1,049 33
Use ENERGY STAR
> 1,049
Watts Equivalent
Use ENERGY STAR
< 90
Watts Equivalent
90 – 179 6
180 – 249 10
E26 (Medium),
Globe (G40) 250 – 349 13
E17, and E12
350 – 499 21
500 – 1,049 33
Use ENERGY STAR
> 1,049
Watts Equivalent

Bulb Type Base Type Lumen Range Wbaseline

(a) (b) (c) (d)
Use ENERGY STAR
< 70
Watts Equivalent
70 – 89 5
90 – 149 7
150 – 299 12
E26 (Medium)
300 – 749 22
and E17
750 – 1,049 29
Decorative 1050 – 1,489 37
(Shapes B10, B11, 1,490 – 2,600 55
B13, BA10, Use ENERGY STAR
> 2,600
BA11, CA10, C7, Watts Equivalent
C9, F10, F15, ST, Use ENERGY STAR
< 70
S14) Watts Equivalent
70 – 89 5
90 – 149 7
Candelabra base
150 – 299 12
E12
300 – 449 20
450 – 1,049 33
Use ENERGY STAR
> 1,049
Watts Equivalent
Reflector/Flood Lamps
Baseline wattage for reflector and flood type lamps are found in the table below. For reflector
and flood lamps that are not covered by the table below, either based on bulb type or lumen
output, the manufacturer recommended baseline wattage should be used.

(a) (b) (c)
200 - 299 15
300 – 718 24
719 – 810 29
811 – 1,002 33
R20 1,003 – 1,202 39
1,203 – 1,516 47
1,517 – 1,733 56
1,734 – 2,184 64
> 2,184 75


(a) (b) (c)
200 - 299 15
300 – 718 22
719 – 810 29
811 – 1,002 33
PAR20 1,003 – 1,202 39
1,203 – 1,516 47
1,517 – 1,733 56
1,734 – 2,184 64
> 2,184 75
200 – 299 15
300 – 399 20
400 – 649 26
650 – 1,419 39
BR30, BR40, ER40
1,420 – 1,789 50
1,790 – 2,045 60
2,046 – 2,578 69
> 2,578 80
200 – 299 15
300 – 399 20
400 – 956 28
957 – 1183 35
ER30 1184 – 1419 42
1420 – 1789 50
1790 – 2045 60
2046 – 2578 69
> 2578 80
639 – 847 25
848 – 956 31
957 – 1,183 35
1,184 – 1,419 42
PAR30, PAR38, R40
1,420 – 1,789 50
1,790 – 2,045 60
2,046 – 2,578 69
> 2,578 80
200 – 299 15
300 – 399 20
R14, PAR16, R16 400 – 499 25
500 – 599 30
600 – 1,000 35
< 450 19
MR16 450 – 600 26
> 600 36


(a) (b) (c)
For any lamps/bulb types
for reflector lamps not Use ENERGY STAR
All
captured in the criteria Watts Equivalent
above

The compliance condition is an efficient lighting product (lamp or fixture) meeting the minimum
requirements of the current effective version of ENERGY STAR® Lamps specification, ENERGY
STAR® Luminaires specification or the Design Lights Consortium qualified products list.
Operating Hours
Look up operating hours from the table below, based on lamp location and city. See details below
for derivation of operating hours. “Interior” designation extends to any covered area not adequately
lit during daylight hours by sunlight, thus requiring daytime operation of lighting. “Unknown” is
not a valid selection for direct install programs.
City Interior Exterior Unknown

Albany 986 2,081 1,022
Binghamton 986 2,081 1,022
Buffalo 986 2,081 1,022
Massena 986 2,081 1,022
NYC 1,752 2,117 1,752
Poughkeepsie 986 2,081 1,022
Syracuse 986 2,081 1,022
NYS cities other than NYC, Interior

Hours of operation for interior lighting is estimated to be 2.7 operating hours per day or 986 (2.7
NYS cities other than NYC, Exterior

511
NMR Group Inc., “Northeast Residential Lighting Hours-of-Use Study”, May 5, 2014. Table ES-5: HOU by
Area Adjusted for Snapback, Table 3-2: Sample Sizes, Overall HOU Estimates by Area and Room, and hierarchical
model as described in section 2.6.3 (pg. 22). HOU referenced is a weighted average of interior room types for UNY
and is Snapback Adjusted.
512
Area Adjusted for Snapback and hierarchical model as described in section 2.6.3 (pg. 22). HOU referenced is the
value for Exterior for UNY and is Snapback Adjusted.

NYS cities other than NYC, Unknown

exterior lighting hours derived from on-site lighting inventories of homes in New York, exclusive
of New York City and Westchester County, and refined through a hierarchical model that drew
upon loggers installed in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island.513
NYC, Interior
NYC, Exterior
NYC, Unknown
exterior lighting hours derived from on-site lighting inventories of homes in New York City and
Westchester County.516
LMI LED Table of Hours per Day by Unit Count

The hours per day values prescribed in the table below are intended for use with the Alternate
Method for Calculating Annual Energy Savings for LMI Projects established above for General
Purpose LEDs. The values in this table are based on the observation that program participants tend
to prioritize replacement of the most used bulbs first and, as additional bulbs are replaced, the
average hours of use per bulb decreases. For this reason, the hours per day applied to a project
replacing 1 -2 bulbs shall be 3.2, while a project replacing 3 – 5 bulbs shall use an hours per day
value of 3 and so on.
The values established below reflect the findings and guidance presented in the DOE Residential
End-Use Lighting Study, which found average daily hours of use for all residential lamps to be
513
Area Adjusted for Snapback and hierarchical model as described in section 2.6.3 (pg. 22). HOU referenced is the
value for Household for UNY, which is a weighted average of all room types and is Snapback Adjusted.
514
Area Adjusted for Snapback and Table 3-2: Sample Sizes, Overall HOU Estimates by Area and Room. HOU
referenced is a weighted average for interior room types for DNY and is Snapback Adjusted.
515
Area Adjusted for Snapback. HOU referenced is the value for Exterior for DNY and is Snapback Adjusted.
516
Area Adjusted for Snapback. HOU referenced is the value for Household for DNY, which is a weighted average of
all room types and is Snapback Adjusted. The study’s sample size included far more interior to exterior lights, thus a
weighted distribution heavily favors the interior lighting hours.

1.6 nationally and in NY state.517 These values are consistent with those applied in the EmPower
New York program and are subject to change pending future program evaluations.
#Bulbs Hours/day
1-2 3.2
3-5 3
6-7 2.5
8-9 1.5
10 - 16 1

A residential LMI customer replaces ten 60-watt incandescent lamps with 10-watt LED
lamps throughout the interior of their home located near Albany. The home has a central
AC and gas-furnace. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000

Wbaseline = 60, from application
Wee = 10, from application
hrs = 986, from Operating Hours section table based on lamp location and city from
application
HVACc = 0.043, from Appendix D based on building type, HVAC type, and location
from application
HVACd = 0.073, from Appendix D based on building type, HVAC type, and location
from application
DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study: Estimation Framework and Initial Estimates, December
517
2012; Table 4.1

CF = 0.16, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on lamp location
from application
HVACff = -0.003, from Appendix D based on building type, HVAC type, and location
from application
(60 − 10)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 10 × × 986 × (1 + 0.043) = 514 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
(60 − 10)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 10 × × (1 + 0.073) × 0.16 = 0.09 𝑘𝑊
1,000
(60 − 10)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 10 × × 986 × (−0.003) = −1.48 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000
Alternate Method for Calculating Annual Energy Savings for LMI Projects
General Purpose LEDs
∆𝑊𝐿𝑀𝐼,𝐺𝑃 × 365
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000

ΔWLMI,GP = 46, from application
hrs = 1, from Operating Hours section, LMI LED Table of Hours per Day by Unit Count
46 × 365
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 10 × ( ) × 1 = 168 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000

For Downstream Market Rate applications, see Appendix P.
For LMI applications relying on existing conditions to serve as baseline, and for the alternative
method presented for LMI applications, use 3.3 years.518
For Midstream and Upstream applications relying on a blended baseline, use 10.7 years.519
518
The EUL is established based on the expected ratio of lifetime savings to annual savings. Given an incandescent
existing condition (with an assumed 1-year remaining useful life), installation of an LED with a 15-year lifetime and
an efficacy ratio of 6:1 for LED vs. incandescent technology, the EUL is established as Lifetime Savings/Annual
Savings = ((Annual Savings * 1 Year) + (Annual Savings * 1/6 * 14 Years)) / Annual Savings = 1 + 14/6 = 3.3.
519
Midstream and Upstream methods use the same approach, but apply a blended weighting, in alignment with the
blended baseline weighting. Applying the same weighting as used to establish blended baselines for Midstream and
Upstream applications (37% LMI and 63% Market Rate) to assumed downstream market rate and LMI application
lifetimes (15 years and 3.3 years, respectively).



References
1. Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. Pub. L. 110-140. Sec. 321. Efficient Light
Bulbs H.R.6 – 82-86.
Available from: https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-110hr6enr/pdf/BILLS-110hr6enr.pdf
2. NMR Group Inc., “Northeast Residential Lighting Hours-of-Use Study”, May 5, 2014.
Available from: https://neep.org/sites/default/files/resources/Northeast-Residential-Lighting-
Hours-of-Use-Study-Final-Report1.pdf
3. Coincidence Factor Study Residential and Commercial & Industrial Lighting Measures - For
use as an Energy Efficiency Measures/Programs Reference Document for the ISO Forward
Capacity Market (FCM), prepared for the New England State Program Working Group by
RLW Analytics Inc., Spring 2007.
Available from:
https://www.puc.nh.gov/Electric/Monitoring%20and%20Evaluation%20Reports/National%2
0Grid/116_RLW_CF%20Res%20C&I%20ltg.pdf
4. Energy Savings Forecast of Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications, US
Department of Energy, December 2019, pg. 82.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2020/02/f72/2019_ssl-energy-
savings-forecast.pdf
5. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10: Energy, PART 430—ENERGY
CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS, Subpart C—Energy and
Water Conservation Standards.
430/subpart-C/section-430.32
6. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office, Energy Conservation Program: Energy
Conservation Standards for General Service Lamps; Final Rule (DOE 82 FR 7276), January
19, 2017.
Conservation Standards for General Service Lamps; Final Rule (DOE 82 FR 7322), January
19, 2017.
8. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office, Energy Conservation Program: Definitions
for General Service Lamps; Final Rule (DOE 87 FR 27461), May 9, 2022.

Conservation Standards for General Service Lamps; Final Rule (DOE 87 FR 27439), May 9,
2022.
10. Cadmus & Demand Side Analytics, “Residential Retail Lighting Impact Evaluation Final
Report”, Prepared for Central Hudson, April 20, 2022.
11. DOE, Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study: Estimation Framework and Initial
Estimates, December 2012.
Available from:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/ssl/2012_residential-lighting-
study.pdf
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-2 7/31/2013
6-15-3 6/1/2015
1-16-3 12/31/2015
1-17-4 12/31/2016
9-17-2 9/30/2017
12-19-6 12/23/2019
12-19-7 12/23/2019
12-20-13 12/31/2020
7-21-9 8/30/2021
3-22-5 4/29/2022
6-22-19 12/30/2022
3-23-11 3/31/2023
6-23-8 7/14/2023

LIGHTING - CONTROL
(place-holder)

MOTORS AND DRIVES
POOL CIRCULATOR TIMER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of multi-speed timer control on pool water circulation pumps
in residential inground swimming pools. Pool circulator timers, also known as pool pump controls,
adjust the operating speed of pool pumps automatically based on a set operating schedule. This
measure is only applicable to pool pump control systems that meet or exceed CEE Tier 1 standards.
In order for a pool pump control system to meet CEE Tier 1 standards, the system must have the
ability to operate a pool pump at two or more speeds based on user presets, a default filtration
speed that (when no auxiliary pool loads are operating) is no more than one-half of the motor’s
maximum rotation speed, and a default setting that returns the pool pump to the lowest user preset
speed within one cycle or 24 hours.520
60 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
1,000
𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐻𝑆 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒,𝐻𝑆 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒,𝐻𝑆 )
× {[ ]
𝐸𝐹𝐻𝑆
𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐿𝑆 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒,𝐿𝑆 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒,𝐿𝑆 )
+[ ]}
𝐸𝐹LS
1 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐻𝑆 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐿𝑆
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 𝐸𝐹𝐻𝑆 𝐸𝐹LS
where:
days = Number of operating days per year
HS = High speed operation
LS = Low speed operation
Consortium for Energy Efficiency, High Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool Initiative; Pool Pump Control
520
Specification.

GPM = Gallons per minute

hrs = Hours of operation per day
EF = Energy factor (Gal/Wh)
60 = Minutes in one hour

From application, or look up in Gallons per Minute and
GPMHS
Energy Factor table below.
GPMLS
Energy Factor table below.
hrsbaseline,LS From application. If unknown, use 10 as default.
hrsbaseline,HS From application. If unknown, use 2 as default.521
hrsee,HS From application.
hrsee,LS From application.
EFHS
Energy Factor Table below.
EFLS
Energy Factor Table below.
From application. If unknown, use 122 as default, based
days
on 4 months of operation per year.
CF 0.362
Gallons per Minute and Energy Factor

Default values for WEF, EF, and GPM are found in the table below, based on nameplate
horsepower.522 Pump Performance Curve C is assumed for ENERGY STAR pumps. The pump
curve compares the total head in feet of water to the flow rate of the water for a given pump at a
given motor speed.
Nameplate Horsepower at High Speed

Pump Type and
1.65 hhp 1.25 hhp 1.18 hhp 0.95 hhp 0.72 hhp
Variable
(3 HP) (2.5 HP) (2 HP) (1.65 HP) (1-1.4 HP)
EFHS 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5
GPMHS 102 93 89 78 76
EFLS 6.1 6.0 6.5 6.7 6.8
GPMLS 51.0 45.7 44.8 41.8 40.3
521
Cal TF Workpaper, “SWRE002-01 VSD for Pool and Spa Pump”, pg. 14.
522
Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Inground Pool Pumps (accessed 7/14/2020). Single speed
conventional pump Energy Factor and Glow rate used as a proxy for high speed. Variable-speed pump Low Energy
Factor and Low Flow used as a proxy for low speed.



The baseline condition for this measure is a multi or variable speed pool pump without a CEE Tier
1 certified pool circulator timer.

The compliance condition is a multi or variable speed pool pump equipped with a CEE Tier 1
certified pool circulator timer.
Operating Hours
Hour of operation shall be taken from application, or using defaults recommended above based on
12 hours of operation per day and 122 days per year. It is assumed that a pool is in use for 4 months
per year given New York’s average climate.524

An existing residential customer installs a CEE Tier 1 pool circulator timer on a 2 hp inground
pool pump at their home near NYC. Prior to installation, the pump operated at high speed for 3
hours and low speed for 9 hours per day. Following installation, the pump operates on high
speed for 2 hours and low speed for 10 hours per day. The pool is in use 124 days per year.
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.
60 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
1,000
𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐻𝑆 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒,𝐻𝑆 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒,𝐻𝑆 )
× {[ ]
𝐸𝐹𝐻𝑆
𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐿𝑆 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒,𝐿𝑆 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒,𝐿𝑆 )
+[ ]}
𝐸𝐹LS
1 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐻𝑆 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝐿𝑆
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 𝐸𝐹𝐻𝑆 𝐸𝐹LS

GPMHS = 89, from Gallons per minute and Energy Factor table
GPMLS = 44.8, from Gallons per minute and Energy Factor table
hrsbaseline,HS = 3, from application
523
Standards Driven Market Transformation; 20 Year Multifaceted Intervention Leads to DOE Pool Pump
Standard, ACEEE, pg. 5-6.
524
It is assumed that 50% of pools are unheated and operate for 3 months per year and the other 50% of pools are
heated and operate for 5 months per year, giving an average of 4 months of usage per year.

hrsbaseline,LS = 9, from application

hrsee,HS = 2, from application
hrsee,LS = 10, from application
EFHS = 2.3, from Gallons per minute and Energy Factor table
EFLS = 6.5, from Gallons per minute and Energy Factor table
days = 124, from application
CF = 0.362, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
60 × 124 89 × (3 − 2) 44.8 × (9 − 10)

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × {[ ]+[ ]} = 281 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 2.3 6.5
1 89 44.8
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × ×( − ) × 0.362 = 0.01 𝑘𝑊
1,000 2.3 6.5

See Appendix P.


References
1. Consortium for Energy Efficiency, High Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool
Initiative; Pool Pump Control Specification.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/9988/cee_residential_pool_pump_control_spe
cification_29414.pdf
2. Southern California Technical Forum, SWRE002-01 VSD for Pool and Spa Pump, July
5, 2020.
3. Standards Driven Market Transformation; 20 Year Multifaceted Intervention Leads to
DOE Pool Pump Standard, ACEEE, pg. 5-6.
4. Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Inground Pool Pumps, April 2020.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-pool-
pumps/results#

Record of Revision
7-20-4 7/31/2020

POOL PUMP
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified multi-speed and variable
frequency drive (VFD) residential inground and aboveground pool pumps. Pool pump speeds vary
based on the pump's operation. Filtration, for example, only requires half the flow rate of running
a pool cleaner. Conventional pool pumps, with only one speed, are set to run at the higher speeds
required of the pool cleaner and waste energy during filtration operation by running faster than
necessary. An ENERGY STAR® certified pool pump can run at different speeds and be
programmed to match the pool operation with its appropriate pool pump speed. The energy saved
is considerable; reducing pump speed by one-half allows the pump to use just one-eighth as much
energy.525 After January 1, 2019, all pool pumps must be rated according to Weighted Energy
Factor (WEF).526 Pool pumps that have earned this label use up to 70% less energy than non-
qualified models.527
This measure is applicable to multi-speed and VFD or self-priming (inground) and non-self-
priming (aboveground) pool pumps with a total horsepower rating between 1 and 3 HP. While
single-speed pumps and pressure cleanser booster pumps are eligible under ENERGY STAR®
qualified product criteria, there was a critical lack of information regarding ENERGY STAR ®
calculations and assumptions pertaining to this equipment available at the time of publication of
this measure. The measure scope will be expanded as more information becomes available. This
measure is not applicable to community pools in multifamily housing complexes.
𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝑉𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 𝑁𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 × [ − ]
1,000 𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒
Note: Although pump hp is not applied directly within algorithms, it must be known to establish
baseline and compliance efficiency values.
where:
525
ENERGY STAR® Pool Pumps.
526
ENERGY STAR® Pool Pumps Version 2 and Version 3 Specification Cover Letter, April 2018.
527
ENERGY STAR® Pool Pump Fact Sheet, January 2018.


baseline = Baseline condition or measure
ee = Energy efficient condition or measure
WEF = Weighted Energy factor (kgal/kWh)
Vpool = Volume of pool, in gallons
Nturnover = Number of turnovers per day, where a turnover is a full cycling of pool water
through the pool filter
hp = Horsepower of qualifying pump motor
1,000 = Conversion factor, one kgal equals 1,000 gallons

From application. If unknown, assume 22,000 for inground
Vpool
pools528 and 10,364 for aboveground pools.529
Nturnover From application. If unknown, use 2 per day.530
From application, or look up in Compliance Efficiency section
WEFee below, based on nameplate hp (self-priming) or hydraulic hp
(inground and non-self priming).
hp From application.
Look up in Baseline Efficiencies section below, based on
WEFbaseline
nameplate hp.
days From application. If unknown, use 122.531


The baseline condition is a non-ENERGY STAR® qualified pool pump. The values for baseline
WEF are found in the table below, based on nameplate horsepower. Pump Performance Curve C
is assumed for pool pumps. The pump curve compares the total head in feet of water to the flow
rate of the water for a given pump at a given motor speed.
Each dedicated-purpose pool pump that is not a submersible pump and is manufactured on or after
July 19, 2021, shall have a WEF rating that is not less than the value calculated from the table
below.532
528
Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Inground Pool Pumps (accessed 9/14/2021).
529
Based on a circular 21' diameter pool with 4' water depth, based on market research.
530
CEESM High Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool Initiative, January 2013, pg. 33.
531
Ibid.
532
Table G-3: Standards for Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps, Replacement Pool Pump Motors, California Title 20
via NYS Appliance Standards.

Pump Sub-Type Size Baseline WEF

Self-Priming (Inground) 0.711 < hhp < 2.5 -2.30 x ln(hhp) + 6.59
WEF = 5.55, for hhp ≤0.13 hp −1.30 * ln

Self-Priming (Inground) hhp < 0.711
(hhp) + 2.90, for hhp >0.13 hp.
Non-Self-Priming WEF = 4.60, for hhp ≤0.13 hp −0.85 * ln
hhp < 2.5
(Aboveground) (hhp) + 2.87, for hhp >0.13 hp.

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified multi or variable speed self-priming
(inground) or non-self-priming (aboveground) pool pumps. Pumps must have a WEF (in
kgal/kWh) equal to or greater than the WEF equations in the tale below based on pump sub-type
and hydraulic horsepower (hhp).533 Pump Performance Curve C is assumed for ENERGY STAR
pumps. The pump curve compares the total head in feet of water to the flow rate of the water for a
given pump at a given motor speed.
Pump Sub-Type Size Compliance WEF

Small
Self-Priming (Inground) ≥ 13.40
(hhp ≤ 0.13)
Small
Self-Priming (Inground) ≥ -2.45 x ln(hhp) + 8.40
(0.13 < hhp < 0.711)
Standard Size
Self-Priming (Inground) ≥ -2.45 x ln(hhp) + 8.40
(hhp ≥ 0.711)
Non-Self-Priming Extra Small
≥ 4.92
(Aboveground) (hhp ≤ 0.13)
Non-Self-Priming Standard Size
≥ -1.00 x ln (hhp) + 3.85
(Aboveground) (hhp > 0.13)
Typical WEF for ENERGY STAR® multi-speed and variable frequency drive pool pumps are
found in the table below, based on nameplate horsepower.534
Pump Type < 1 HP 1-1.4 HP 1.65 HP 2 HP 2.5 HP 3 HP
(<0.711 hhp) (0.72 hhp) (0.95 hhp) (1.18 hhp) (1.25 hhp) (1.65 hhp)
WEFee, Self-Priming 11.1 9.30 9.00 8.30 8.35 7.51
WEFee, Non-Self-
11.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Priming
533
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Pool Pumps, Eligibility Criteria Version 3.1,
July 2021.
534
ENERGY STAR® Certified Pool Pump Product List, Accessed on 9/15/2021. WEF ee were determined by taking
the 25th percentile of applicable pumps to max hhps listed. The HP and hhp column header pairings are taken from
the Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Inground Pool Pumps.

Operating Hours
Based on New York’s average climate, it is assumed that a pool is in use for 4 months per year.535
While in use, the energy efficient pump cycles through pool water at a default rate of 12 hours per
turnover.

An ENERGY STAR® qualified variable frequency drive (VFD) residential inground 2 hp pool
pump is installed at a single - family home near Albany. The pump has a WEF of 9.3 and
conducts one turnover per day. The pool is 21,000 gallons and operational for 122 days per year.
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are calculated as below.

Vpool = 21,000, from application
WEFee = 9.3, from application
Nturnover = 1, from application
WEFbaseline = 5.0, from Baseline Efficiency from which Incentives are Calculated
122 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × 21,000 × 1 × [ − ] = 236.92 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 5.0 9.3

See Appendix P.


535
heated and operate for 5 months per year, giving an average of 4 months of usage per year.

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Pool Pumps,
Eligibility Criteria Version 3.1, July 2021.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ENERGY%20STAR%20Version%203.1%
20Pool%20Pumps%20Final%20Specification_0.pdf
2. 10 CFR Appendix B to Subpart Y of Part 431 – Uniform Test Method for the
Measurement of Energy Efficiency of Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps.
idx?SID=1e172a51fbd7c0fa1753866066133e14&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
ap10.3.431_1466.b
3. ENERGY STAR® Pool Pumps Version 2 and Version 3 Specification Cover Letter, April
30, 2018.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20P
ool%20Pumps%20Version%202%20and%20Version%203%20Specification%20Cover%
20Letter.pdf
4. ENERGY STAR® Pool Pump Fact Sheet, January 2018.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/PoolPumps_FactSheet_012
318_0.pdf
5. Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Inground Pool Pumps, May 2020.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/downloads/Pool_Pump_Calculator_2020.05.0
5_FINAL.xlsx
6. CEESM High Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool Initiative, Consortium for Energy
Efficiency, January 2013.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/9986/CEE_Res_SwimmingPoolInitiative_01J
an2013_Corrected.pdf
Record of Revision
6-18-20 6/30/2018
9-18-6 9/28/2018
12-20-4 12/31/2020
12-21-8 1/28/2022

OTHER
HEAT PUMP POOL HEATER

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to electric heat pump pool heaters in residential applications. Heat
pumps capture heat and move it from one place to another. The saving equations presented herein
comprise three aspects of pool heating: convective heat loss via pool surface area due to water and
air temperature differential, initial heat of full pool volume for seasonal pool use and reheat of pool
refill on year-round pools, and the heating of added pool water to offset water loss through
evaporation. 536 If baseline equipment is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater, electric energy impacts
result in a penalty.
This measure is only applicable to inground outdoor pools and is not applicable to spas. This
measure is not applicable to community pools in multifamily housing complexes. For community
pools, refer to the Commercial Heat Pump Pool Heater measure in this TRM.
(𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 + 𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑅𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 + 𝐵𝑇𝑈𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑝 ) 𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ×( − )
3,412 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑒𝑒
(𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 + 𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑅𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 + 𝐵𝑇𝑈𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑝 ) 𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = (𝑇𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 − 𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 ) × 𝐴𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 𝑈 × [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟,𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 )]
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑅𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 𝑉𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 8.33 × (𝑇𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × 𝐹𝑅𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
536
ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, 2019, pg. 51.25. ASHRAE states that except in aboveground pools
and rare cases where cold groundwater flows past the pool walls, conductive losses through pool walls are small and
can be ignored. ASRHAE additionally indicates that radiation losses that occur due to sky temperature differentials
at night may be offset by solar heat gains of an unshaded pool during the day.

𝐵𝑇𝑈𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 0.1 × 𝐴𝐹 × 𝐴𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × (𝑃𝜔 − 𝑃𝑑𝑝 ) × (𝑇𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 )

× [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟,𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 )]
where:
BTUSurface537 = Annual heating energy load contributed by convection and radiation heat losses
via pool surface, (BTU)
BTUReheat538 = Annual heating energy load contributed by heating the full volume of pool water,
(BTU)
BTUEvap539 = Annual heating energy load contributed by evaporation, (BTU)
Felec,baseline = Baseline electric pool heater factor; used to account for the presence or absence
of an electric pool heater
Ffuel,baseline = Baseline fossil fuel pool heater factor; used to account for the presence or absence
of a fossil fuel pool heater
COPbaseline = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy of baseline
electric resistance pool heater, if present
COPee = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy of heat pump
pool heater
Et,baseline = Thermal efficiency of baseline fossil fuel-fired pool heater, if present
Tpool = Pool temperature set point, (ºF)
Tamb = Average temperature of surrounding ambient air, (ºF)
Tmain = Supply water temperature in water main, (ºF)
Apool = Surface area of pool, (ft2)
Vpool = Volume of pool water, (gallons)
FReheat = Factor capturing annual number of times full pool volume is heated to the desired
temperature, whether as the result of refill or heating of pool water from ground
water temperature at start of season
U = Surface heat loss coefficient, (BTU/hr-ft2-ºF)
AF = Activity Factor, consideration of activity within pool
Pω = Saturation vapor pressure taken at surface water temperature, (in. Hg)
Pdp = Saturation pressure at dew point, (in. Hg)
hrs = Total annual swimming season hours
hrscover = Total annual hours pool covered during the swimming season
ESFcover,surface = Energy Savings Factor of pool cover to insulate from convective and radiation
heat losses
ESFcover,evap = Energy Savings Factor of pool cover to insulate from evaporative heat loss
537
ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, 2019, Ch 51 Service Water Heating, Swimming Pools/Health Clubs,
eqn. 15.
538
Ibid, eqn. 14.
539
ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, 2019, Ch 6 Indoor Swimming Pools, eqn. 3, multiplied by required
heating temperature difference.

0.1 = Simplified empirically derived evaporation factor considering latent heat and air
flow540; assumes 1,000 BTU/lb of latent heat required to change water to vapor
at surface water temperature and air velocity over water surface ranging from 10
to 30 fpm, (lb/hr-ft2-in. hg)
8.33 = Energy required (BTU) to heat one gallon of water by one degree Fahrenheit

If baseline system is an electric resistance pool heater, set
Felec,baseline
equal to 1. Otherwise, set equal to 0.
If baseline system is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater, set equal
Ffuel,baseline
COPbaseline If baseline pool heater is electric, assume 1.0.
Et,baseline From application. If unknown, use 0.82 as default.541
Tpool From application.
Ambient temperature, lookup in Outdoor Pool table in the
Tamb Air Temperature and Pressure section below based on
nearest city.
Supply water temperature in water main (ºF). Lookup in
Tmain Cold Water Inlet Temperature table below based on nearest
city.
Pool surface area, from application.542 Assistance in
determining the area of common pool shapes as follows:
Elliptical: 3.14 x short radius x long radius
Apool Kidney Shaped: 0.45 x length x (width at one end x width at

other end)
Oval: 3.14 x radius2 + (length of straight sides x width)
Rectangular: length x width

Vpool Volume of water in gallons, from application.
540
Simplified constant presented in ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Application 2019 Ch 6 based on empirically
derived eqn (2) constants and ASHRAE’s variable assumptions.
541
10 CFR 430.32 (k)(2).
542
Guidance for determining surface area of common pool shapes can be found at ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC
Applications, 2019, pg. 51.25


From application. If pool is filled by delivery service
FReheat providing preheated water, set FReheat equal to 0. Otherwise
FReheat shall default to 1.543
Outdoor pool,
sheltered: 5.3
U Surface heat loss coefficient (BTU/hr-ft2-ºF).544
Outdoor pool,
unsheltered: 6.6
Activity Factor considers activity level of the pool, allowing
AF 0.5
for splashing and a limited area of wetted deck.545
Lookup from Saturation Vapor Pressure section below based
on pool water temperature. Linear interpolation and
Pω
extrapolation of the data in the table is acceptable for pool
templates not provided.
Lookup from outdoor pool tables in Air Temperature and
Pressure section below based on ambient temperature and
Pdp relative humidity (RH) or city, respectively. Linear
interpolation and extrapolation of the data in the table is
acceptable for pool templates not provided.
From application. Hours shall reflect the total annual hours
hrs through the swimming season (number of days between
season opening and season closing x 24).
From application. Hours shall reflect the total hours pool
hrscover covered during the swimming season. Set equal to 0 if pool
is left uncovered throughout swimming season.
Based on cost savings from DOE for gas and heat pump pool
ESFcover,surface 0.8
heater savings.546
Effectiveness of Pool Covers to Reduce Evaporation from
ESFcover,evap 0.95
Swimming Pools.547

543
The water temperature of an undrained pool between swim seasons is assumed to have reached the water main
temperature by the beginning of the next swim season. If the pool remains open throughout the year, it is assumed
the pool undergoes one effective full pool volume reheat from water main temperature for cleaning and other
maintenance (CDC, Healthy Swimming, Operating Public Swimming Pools).
544
ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, 2019, Ch 51, eqn. 15. Surface heat loss coefficient adjusted from
ASHRAE Handbook rolled up surface heat transfer conservations by discounting contribution of evaporation (50-
60%) and applying the following assumption for wind velocity: Outdoor sheltered pools experience wind speeds
between 3.5 and 5 mph (10.5x0.5) and outdoor unsheltered pools experience wind speeds above 5 mph
(10.5x0.5x1.25).
545
ASHRAE Handbook, Applications, 2019, Ch 6, Table 1.
546
U.S. D.O.E., Swimming Pool Covers.
547
National Plasterers Council, Effectiveness of Pool Covers to Reduce Evaporation from Swimming Pools,
prepared by California Polytechnic State University, January 2016.


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Saturation Vapor Pressure (Pω)

Lookup saturation vapor pressure taken at surface water temperature for outdoor pools from the
table below, based on pool temperature.550
Pool Temperature, Tpool (F) Pω (in. Hg)

72 0.79
74 0.85
76 0.91
78 0.97
80 1.03
82 1.10
84 1.18
Ambient Air Temperature and Pressure (Tamb and Pdp)

Lookup Tamb and Pdp from the table below based on location. Ambient temperature averages for
outdoor pools apply a 5-month swimming season551.
Outdoor Pool Outdoor Pool

City
Tamb552 (F) Pdp (in. Hg)
Albany 68.6 0.44
Buffalo 68.3 0.43
Massena 66.0 0.43
NYC 72.5 0.48
548
549
550
ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals 2017, Ch 1 Psychrometrics, Table 3 Thermodynamic Properties of Water at
Saturation.
551
It is assumed that heated pools operate for 5 months per year; May 1 through Sept 30.
552
Average ambient temperatures taken from NCDC 1991-2020 climate normals, averaged from June 1 through
Sept 30.


City
Syracuse 68.3 0.44


The baseline condition for this measure is an electric resistance or fossil fuel-fired pool heater. For
New Construction, use gas baseline values if there is existing gas service to the property –
otherwise, use electric baseline values.

The compliance condition is an AHRI-certified heat pump pool heater.
Operating Hours
The annual operating hours shall be taken from application based on the number of total hours of
residence’s swimming season and total hours pool is covered during the swimming season.

A gas pool heater is replaced with a heat pump pool heater at a single - family home located
near Albany. The swimming season spans 3 months (2,208 hours) per year and the pool is left
uncovered at night. The pool is 15 ft by 30 ft and has a volume of 17,600 gallons, and is sheltered
from winds by the house and backyard trees. The pool temperature is maintained at 80ºF. The
replaced gas pool heater has an efficiency of 0.84 and the heat pump pool heater has an
efficiency of 5.0 COP. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ×( − )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

where:


Tpool = 80, from application

Tamb = 68.6, from Ambient Air Temperature and Pressure section based on location from
application
Apool = width x length = 15’ x 30’ = 450’
Width and length from application
U = 5.3, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on conditions from
application
hrscover = 0, from application
ESFcover,surface = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Tmain = 55.4, from Cold Water Inlet Temperature table based on location from application
FReheat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
AF = 0.5, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Pω = 1.03, from Saturation Vapor Pressure section based on pool temperature from application
Pdp = 0.44, from Ambient Air Temperature and Pressure section based on location from
application
ESFcover,evap = 0.95, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Felec,baseline = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
CF = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
Ffuel,baseline = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
Et,baseline = 0.84, from application
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = (80 − 68.6) × 450 × 5.3 × [2,208 − (0)] = 60,033,312 𝐵𝑡𝑢
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑅𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 17,600 × 8.33 × (80 − 55.4) × 1 = 3,606,557 𝐵𝑡𝑢
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 0.1 × 0.5 × 450 × (1.03 − 0.44) × (80 − 55.4) × [2,208 − (0)]
= 721,056 𝐵𝑡𝑢
(60,033,312 + 3,606,557 + 721,056) 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (0 − ) = −3,773 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412 5
−3,773
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0 = 0 𝑘𝑊
2,208
(60,033,312 + 3,606,557 + 721,056) 1

1,000,000 0.84


See Appendix P.


Higher efficiency heat pump pool heaters may require fewer pool water circulations through the
pool pump, alleviating some of the pool pump energy load. This energy impact is not considered
in the methodology for this measure.
References
1. 2019 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 6: Indoor Swimming Pools.
2. 2019 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 51: Service Water Heating.
3. 2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 1, Psychrometrics.
idx?SID=840d2f09fea283237b0f345001c03a28&mc=true&node=pt10.3.430&rgn=div5#
se10.3.430_132
5. U.S. D.O.E., Swimming Pool Covers.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/swimming-pool-covers
Available from:
8. National Plasterers Council, Effectiveness of Pool Covers to Reduce Evaporation from
Swimming Pools, prepared by California Polytechnic State University, January 2016.
Available from:
https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.npconline.org/resource/resmgr/Docs/Evaporation_Study_R
eport.pdf
Record of Revision
7-21-10 8/30/2021
3-22-9 4/29/2022

POOL HEATER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency fossil fuel pool heaters in residential
applications. 553 Fossil fuel-fired pool heaters are designed for heating non-potable water and
employ fossil fuel burners. High-efficiency fossil fuel heaters can have thermal efficiency ratings
as high as 95%. Pool heaters must have a thermal efficiency rating of 84% or greater to qualify for
estimated energy savings using this measure.554
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ((𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 )𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 )𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛
where:
(MMBtu/kBTU/hin) = Annual fossil fuel consumption per pool heater heating capacity
kBTU/hin = Pool heater input heating capacity, in kBTU/h

From the annual energy consumption table below,
(MMBtu/kBTU/hin)baseline 0.146
based on a thermal efficiency rating of 82%.
553
Similar to other measures in the NY TRM, this measure will continue to be reviewed for accuracy and for potential
updates, based on up-take in programs, changes in codes and standards, and the availability of other measure-specific
information.
554
10 CFR 430.32.(k)(1).


Look up from energy consumption table below based
on thermal efficiency rating of efficient pool heater.
(MMBtu/kBTU/hin)ee
Interpolation may be performed for pool heater
efficiencies not listed, above 84%.
Pool heater input capacity as indicated on equipment
kBTU/hin
nameplate, from application.
Annual Energy Consumption555

Thermal Efficiency Annual Fossil Fuel Consumption
(%) (MMBtu/kBTU/hin)
82 (baseline) 0.146
84 0.138
86 0.134
90 0.128
95 0.122


The baseline condition is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater with a thermal efficiency of 82% as
mandated by federal standards.556

The compliance condition is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater that has a thermal efficiency of 84% or
greater.557
Operating Hours
Pool heater run hours are embedded in the values found in the Annual Energy Consumption table
provided above. The derivation assumes a 250-kBTU/h pool heater, 26.5% of heaters equipped
with a pilot with an input rate of 1-kBTU/h, an average pilot operating hours of 4,464 hours per
year, and a distribution range of pool operational hours from 235 to 8,760 per year.558
555
US DOE, Energy Conservation Standards for Residential Water Heaters, Direct Heating Equipment, and Pool
Heaters, Chapter 7, Table 7.4.2: Annual Energy Consumption for Gas-Fired Pool Heaters. The derivation assumes a
250-kBTU/h pool heater and 26.5% of heaters equipped with a pilot with an input rate of 1-kBTU/h.
556
10 CFR 430.32.(k)(1).
557
Compliance requirement based on SoCal Gas minimum thermal efficiency to qualify for incentive (accessed
11/27/2018).
558
A continuously burning pilot is prohibited by the Code of Federal Regulations. However, removing the 26.5% of
pool heaters with a pilot from the analyzed population, assuming these are distributed across efficiency levels, will
not change nominal savings.


A fossil fuel fired pool heater with an efficiency rating of 90% and an input capacity of 100
kBTU/h is installed in a residential pool. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ((𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 )𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 )𝑒𝑒 )

× 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛
(MMBtu/kBTU/hin)baseline = 0.146, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

(MMBtu/kBTU/hin)ee = 0.128, from Annual Energy Consumption table based on thermal
efficiency from application
kBTU/hin = 100 kBTU/hin, from application
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (0.146 − 0.128) × 100 = 1.8 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.


Analysis of baseline and high-efficiency fossil fuel pool heaters conducted using the DOE test
procedure suggests that auxiliary and stand-by electric loads are slightly higher for more efficient
equipment.559 The magnitude of these effects is considered negligible relative to anticipated fossil
fuel savings and electric impacts have thus been excluded from the prescribed methodology.
References
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=e2b12730e1b0fd7608318eb139d57b10&mc=true&n=pt
10.3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_132
559
Heaters, Chapter 7, Table 7.4.2: Annual Energy Consumption for Gas-Fired Pool Heaters.

2. Department of Energy; Notice of Proposed Rulemaking Technical Support Document

Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products: Energy Conservation.
Standards for Residential Water Heaters, Direct Heating Equipment, and Pool Heaters,
Chapter 7: Energy Use Characterization, November 23, 2009.
Available from: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2009/12/11/E9-
28774/energy-conservation-program-energy-conservation-standards-for-residential-
water-heaters-direct
3. SoCal Gas, Pool Heater List (accessed November 27, 2018).
Available from: https://www.socalgas.com/pool-heater-list
Record of Revision
12-18-8 12/28/2018
12-19-8 12/23/2019

SOLAR POOL HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of solar pool heating systems utilizing glazed or unglazed
solar thermal collectors. Solar thermal collectors absorb sunlight, convert solar energy directly into
heat and transfer heat to filtered pool water pumped through the system. Thermal collectors shall
be permanently installed on a roof or raised frame.
Solar pool heaters may be installed to partially or fully offset energy consumption of traditional
heaters. This measure only applies to solar pool heaters installed in place of or to supplement fossil
fuel pool heaters for inground swimming pools and in installation scenarios where the existing
pump system is retained. Installations requiring additional pumps or replacement of existing
pumps shall be treated under a custom application. Installed thermal collector area must be 50-
100% of pool surface area. 560 This methodology assumes that thermal collectors experience
minimal shading between the hours of 10AM and 4PM during the summer months. Qualifying
thermal collectors must be rated by Solar Rating & Certification Corporation (SRCC) and be OG-
100 certified.561
The following algorithms corresponding to the existing system type, whether fossil fuel or electric
will be used.
𝐶𝑅 × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × (1 − 𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 3,412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 1,000,000
where:
560
US DOE “Solar Swimming Pool Heaters”.
561
Solar Rating & Certification Corporation Directory: http://solar-rating.org/programs/og-100-program/. The Solar
Rating & Certification Corporation (ICC-SRCC) is an ISO/IEC 17065-accredited third-party certification body with
programs for the certification and performance rating of solar heating and cooling products. The OG-100 Solar
Thermal Collector Certification Program provides certification for solar thermal collectors to the current ICC
901/SRCC 100 Solar Thermal Collector standard.


CR = Collector Rating (Btu/ft2-day)
SF = Square Footage of thermal collectors (ft2)
days = Annual days pool heater is used
Fderate = Derating factor
Et,baseline = Thermal efficiency of baseline pool heater
ElecSF = Electric Savings Factor: Adjustment to electric energy savings based on fuel type
FuelSF = Fossil Fuel Savings Factor: Adjustment to fuel energy savings based on fuel type
3,412 = Conversion factor, one kilowatt-hour (kWh) equals 3,412 BTU

From application, as rated by Solar Rating &
Certification Corporation. Value shall reflect scenario
CR
A (Pool Heating – Warm Climate) and Medium
Radiation (1,500 Btu/ft2-day).562
From application. If unknown, use 122 as default,
days
based on 4 months of operation per year.
Derating factor considers approximate shading (3%
Fderate 0.06
deration) and operational availability (3% deration).563
From application. If unknown, apply 0.86 as default in
partial displacement of pool heater load scenarios and
Et,baseline
0.82 as default in complete replacement of pool heater
load scenarios.564
Displacing/Replacing
Electric Pool Heater: 1
ElecSF
Fossil Fuel Pool
Heater: 0
Electric Pool Heater: 0
FuelSF
Fossil Fuel Pool
Heater: 1
562
Solar Rating & Certification Corporation Directory; scenario selected based on review of NASA Open Data
Portal, Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER), suggesting that this is the most appropriate selection
across NY cities.
563
NREL “PVWatts Version 5 Manual” Table 6.
564
10 CFR 430.32 (k)(2).


The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is N/A.

The baseline condition for this measure is a standard efficiency electric, heat pump pool heater or
fossil fuel-fired pool heater.

The compliance condition for this measure is a thermal collector installed to offset or replace the
consumption of a traditional fossil fuel-fired pool heater for an inground swimming pool.
Qualifying thermal collectors must be rated by Solar Rating & Certification Corporation’s OG-
100 program.
Operating Hours
The annual operating days shall be taken from application. If actual operating days are unknown,
122 days may be used as a default, assuming 4 months of operation per year.

An existing residential customer near Syracuse replaces their gas fired inground pool heater with
a solar pool heating system comprising 470 SF of glazed thermal collectors. The pool heater is
in operation for 120 days per year. The Solar Pool Heater has a Collector Rating (CR) of 850
Btu/ft2-day. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric
Energy Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 3,412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹
Days = 120, from application

Fderate = 0.06, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
Et,baseline = 0.82, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
CR = 850, from application
ElecSF = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
FuelSF = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
850 × 470 × 120 × (1 − 0.06)

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 0 = 0 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.82 × 3,412
850 × 470 × 120 × (1 − 0.06)

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 1 = 54.96 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.82 × 1,000,000


See Appendix P.


Addition of a thermal collector may require a pump replacement or additional pump to meet the
demands of moving pool’s water to and through the collectors. 565 Scenarios with pump
modifications shall be treated under a custom application, and as such are not captured in the
contents of this measure.
References
1. Department of Energy, Solar Swimming Pool Heaters.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/solar-swimming-pool-heaters
2. Solar Rating & Certification Corporation directory.
Available from: http://solar-rating.org/directories/certified-companies/
3. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, PVWatts Version 5 Manual, September 2014.
Normals.
5. NASA’s Open Data Portal, Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER)
Available from: https://data.nasa.gov/Earth-Science/Prediction-Of-Worldwide-Energy-
Resources-POWER-/wn3p-qsan
6. Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Inground Pool Pumps, April 2020.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/product/certified-pool-
pumps/results#
7. CEESM High Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool Initiative, Consortium for Energy
Efficiency, January 2013.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/9986/CEE_Res_SwimmingPoolInitiative_01J
an2013_Corrected.pdf
se10.3.430_132
565
US DOE “Solar Swimming Pool Heaters”.

ap10.3.431_1466.b
Record of Revision
3-20-1 3/30/2020
7-21-11 8/30/2021
12-21-9 1/28/2022

Commercial and Industrial Measures
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL MEASURES
AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT
HIGH SPEED FAN

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the installation of high speed, high efficiency fans installed in
agricultural applications. For the purposes of this measure, a high speed fan shall consist of the
blade and motor assembly. Ventilation, exhaust and circulating high speed fans improve animal
comfort, control moisture and maintain indoor air quality for livestock and other agricultural
applications. Variable frequency drives (VFD) may be installed along with high speed fans to
increase energy savings and the associated savings are quantified by this methodology. If VFD
savings are claimed via this measure, additional savings may not be claimed for VFDs utilizing a
separate methodology. Qualifying fans must be rated by an Air Movement and Control Association
(AMCA) accredited laboratory such as Bioenvironmental and Structural Systems (BESS)
Laboratories. 566 An alternative energy savings approach is provided for circulating fans when
manufacturer ratings are in lbf/kW.
𝐶𝐹𝑀 𝐶𝐹𝑀
[( 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ) − ( 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑒𝑒 × FVFD,ee)]
(𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡) (𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡)
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
units = Number of fans installed under the program
566
BESS Laboratories is a research, product testing, and educational laboratory at the University of Illinois.


CFM = Air flow, measured in cubic feet per minute
CFM/watt = Ventilating efficiency ratio, rated at 0.01’’ static pressure in cubic feet per minute
per watt
FVFD = Factor to account for reduced consumption resultant from VFD control
hrs = Annual hours of operation
Alternative Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Summer Peak Coincident Demand
Savings for Circulating Fans when Manufacturer Ratings are in lbf/kW
𝑙𝑏𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑏𝑓𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [( )−( × FVFD,ee)] × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝑙𝑏𝑓 𝑙𝑏𝑓
( ) ( )
𝑘𝑊 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑘𝑊 𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
units = Number of fans installed under the program
lbf = Thrust, in pounds-force
lbf/kW = Thrust efficiency ratio, in pounds-force per kilowatt


From application, look up from BESS Labs
database based on manufacturer and model
CFMbaseline
number. If unknown, or for new installations,
use CFMee as the default value.
CFMee From application.
(CFM/watt)baseline number. If not tested by BESS Labs, look up
from Baseline Efficiencies section below
based on fan diameter.
(CFM/watt)ee
number or as rated by other third-party
accredited laboratory.
lbfbaseline
use lbfee as the default value.
lbfee From application.
(lbf/kW)baseline number. If not tested by BESS Labs, look up
from Baseline Efficiencies section below
based on fan diameter.
(lbf/kW)ee
accredited laboratory.
No VFD: 1.00 Adjustment to efficient condition
VFD (Greenhouse): 0.64 consumption to account for VFD control,
FVFD,ee
VFD (Poultry/Livestock): based on presence of VFDs and fan
0.75 application.567
From application. If unavailable, lookup in
hrs
Operating Hours section below.
CF 1.0

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is 1.0.568
567
Teitel, M. & Levi, Asher & Zhao, Yun & Barak, Moti & Bar-lev, Eli & Shmuel, David. (2008). Energy saving in
agricultural buildings through fan motor control by variable frequency drives. Energy and Buildings. 40. 953-960.
10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.07.010.
568
It is assumed that fans will always be running during the peak hour.


The baseline condition for this measure is a standard efficiency exhaust, ventilation or circulating
fan. Baseline fan airflow (CFM) for exhaust and ventilation fans or thrust (lbf) for circulating fans
and fan efficiency shall come from application. If unavailable, look up from the table below based
on fan type and diameter.569
Circulating, Ventilation and Circulating Fans

Fan Diameter
Exhaust Fans (CFM/W) (lbf/kW)
24" – 35" 9.4 10.5
36" - 47" 12.2 12.9
48" - 52" 15.1 19.8
53"+ 16.7 20.8

The compliance condition for this measure is a high speed exhaust, ventilation or circulating fan
that meets or exceeds the minimum efficiency requirements from the table below, based on fan
type and diameter.570
Circulating, Ventilation and Circulating Fans

Fan Diameter
Exhaust Fans (CFM/W) (lbf/kW)
24" – 35" 14.0 15.0
36" - 47" 17.0 20.0
48" - 52" 19.9 24.2
53"+ 22.0 24.6
Operating Hours
Fan operating hours shall come from application. If operating hours are unknown, the prescribed
hours shall come from the lookup table below based on location. Default hours are developed from
NOAA hourly normals by summing annual hours dry bulb temperature is above 50ºF.571
Exhaust/Ventilation Fan
City Circulating Fan Hours
Hours572
Albany 4,308 6,570
Binghamton 3,983 6,570
Buffalo 4,203 6,570
Massena 3,896 6,570
569
Default baseline efficiency was determined by calculating the 10 th percentile of the efficiencies of all fans in the
active BESS Labs database for the respective fan diameter ranges. Many low efficiency fans are often not tested by
BESS Labs, therefore the average tested fan is more efficient than the average market available fan. Ventilation and
exhaust fan CFM and circulating fan lbf represent the averages of each diameter range, regardless of fan efficiency.
The database includes single and three phase fans at four voltages.
570
Minimum qualifying fan efficiency is equivalent to the 75 th percentile of all BESS Labs tested in the respective
fan diameters. The database includes single and three phase fans at four voltages.
571
NOAA National Centers for Environmental information – NCEI 1991 - 2020 Hourly Normals.
572
Exhaust/Ventilation fans are assumed to operate 75% of total annual hours (8,760 x 0.75 = 6,570).

Exhaust/Ventilation Fan
City Circulating Fan Hours
Hours572
NYC 4,988 6,570
Poughkeepsie 4,440 6,570
Syracuse 4,236 6,570

A poultry farm near Poughkeepsie replaces two circulating fans rated at 2,500 CFM and 15
CFM/W with high speed fans rated at 2,000 CFM and 20 CFM/W equipped with VFD control.
The fans run for 4,300 hours per year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
as below.
𝐶𝐹𝑀 𝐶𝐹𝑀
[( 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ) − ( 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑒𝑒 × FVFD,ee)]
(𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡) (𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡)
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

CFMbaseline = 2,500 CFM, from application
(CFM/Watt)baseline = 15 CFM/W, from application
CFMee = 2,000 CFM, from application
(CFM/Watt)ee = 20 CFM/W, from application
FVFD,ee = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
CF = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
hrs = 4,300 hours, from application
2,500 2,000
[( ) − ( 20 × 0.75)]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 2 × 15 × 4,300 = 788.33 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
788
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1 = 0.18 𝑘𝑊
4,300

See Appendix P.



References
1. Teitel, M. & Levi, Asher & Zhao, Yun & Barak, Moti & Bar-lev, Eli & Shmuel, David.
(2008). Energy saving in agricultural buildings through fan motor control by variable
frequency drives. Energy and Buildings. 40. 953-960. 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.07.010.
Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223846494_Energy_saving_in_agricultural_bui
ldings_through_fan_motor_control_by_variable_frequency_drives
2. Agricultural Ventilation Fans, Bioenvironmental and Structural Systems Laboratory,
University of Illinois, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Accessed
September 26, 2019.
Available from: http://www.bess.illinois.edu/current.asp
3. Circulating Fans, Bioenvironmental and Structural Systems Laboratory, University of
Illinois, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Accessed September 26,
2019.
Available from: http://bess.illinois.edu/
4. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.
Available from: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/search?datasetid=NORMAL_HLY
Record of Revision
3-20-3 3/30/2020
7-21-12 8/30/2021

LIVESTOCK WATERER
Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the installation of energy efficient and energy free livestock waterers
in replacement and new construction scenarios. A livestock waterer provides clean drinking water
for livestock and is typically heated during the winter months when the outdoor temperature falls
below 32°F to prevent water from freezing.
Conventional livestock waterers require large electric resistance heating elements and include no
insulation. Energy efficient and energy free livestock waterers are installed with 2 inches of
insulation to reduce the heat load required to maintain water above freezing temperature. Energy
efficient waterers include a significantly smaller heating element while energy free systems
operate with no heating element, relying on groundwater to prevent freezing.
This measure is restricted to waterers located outside or near exterior adjacent walls where electric
heaters are required to keep water above freezing temperature.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000
where:
W = Rated wattage of livestock waterer heating element (Watts)
baseline = Characteristic of the baseline condition
ee = Characteristic of the energy efficient condition
hrs = Annual hours of operation during the winter when temperature is below 32F


From application, if unavailable use 1,100 W as default
Wbaseline in replacement scenarios and 500 W for new
construction.573
From application. Energy free waterers with no heating
Wee elements will result in energy efficient wattage being
equal to 0.
From application. If unavailable, lookup in operating
hrs
hours section below.


The baseline condition is an electrically heated livestock waterer with no insulation.

The compliance condition is an energy efficient or energy free livestock waterer with a minimum
of 2 inches of insulation. Energy efficient equipment heating elements must be rated at 250 W or
less. Energy free waterers shall contain no heating elements. The new waterer must be able to serve
the same herd size as the existing equipment.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application. If operating hours are unknown, the prescribed hours
shall come from the lookup table below based on location for agricultural applications. Default
hours are developed from NOAA hourly normal by summing annual hours dry bulb temperature
is below 32ºF.574
City Hours below 32°F

Albany 2,064
Binghamton 2,401
Buffalo 2,074
Massena 2,765
NYC 346
Poughkeepsie 1,557
Syracuse 2,125
573
EnSave, Energy Efficient Stock Waterers.
574


A conventional waterer with heating elements rated at 1,000 W is replaced with an energy
efficient unit with 200 W heating elements on a farm near Albany. The heating elements are
anticipated to operate 1,800 hours per year to prevent freezing. Annual Electric Energy Savings
are calculated below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000
Wbaseline = 1, 000 W, from application

Wee = 200 W, from application
(1,000 − 200)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 1,800 = 1,440 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000

See Appendix P.


References
Normals.
2. EnSave, Energy Efficient Stock Waterers.
Record of Revision
12-21-10 1/28/2022

MILK PRE-COOLER HEAT EXCHANGER

Measure Description
This measure addresses the potential refrigeration energy savings of adding a heat exchanger,
i.e., a milk pre‐cooler, ahead of the milk storage tank to decrease the cooling load. A pre‐cooler
can reduce the milk temperature from 100°F to within the 55 – 70°F range before it enters the
bulk storage tank. The dairy farm site must have an adequate supply of water since milk plate
coolers require up to twice the amount of water as compared to processed milk to be effective.
Sites may use the warm water leaving the heat exchanger for other purposes such as either
watering cows or wash-down. Due to the indirect benefits575 associated with the warm water
discharge from the plate coolers, and because it is typical for the water to be repurposed, the
measure analysis assumes that there are no negative water impacts. Typically, the plate cooler
discharge water is not redirected to the existing hot water heater. Hence, there are no interactive
domestic hot water savings attributable to the installation of a milk pre-cooler heat exchanger.
Additional savings may be claimed with the installation of a variable speed drive (VSD) control
on either a new or existing milk transfer pump. By reducing the speed of the milk transfer pump
motor, a VSD control reduces the milk’s flowrate through the pre-cooler increasing the amount
of time the milk is in the heat exchanger. The reduced milk flowrate yields an increase in milk
cooling through the heat exchanger further reducing the refrigeration load in the bulk storage
tank. This results in more heat transfer between the warm milk and the cold ground water used in
the plate heat exchanger pre-cooler. The primary electric energy savings are realized by the
reduced load on the primary milk cooling system.
The measure’s savings do not apply to systems where the source water for the milk pre-cooler
heat exchanger is mechanically cooled.
𝑙𝑏𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 × 𝑐𝑜𝑤𝑠 × ∆𝑇 × 0.93

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ =
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000

( )
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000
ℎ𝑟𝑠
575
It is less stressful (metabolically) for cows to drink warmed water, and research has shown that cows will drink
more water if it is warmer, leading to increased milk production. “Massachusetts Farm Energy Best Management
Practices for Dairy Farms”, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resource Conservation
Service (NRCS), 2012.

where:
lbsmilk = Average pounds of milk produced per cow per year
cows = Number of milking cows on farm
∆T = Change in milk temperature attributable to the pre-cooler
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions of existing compressor
(BTU/watt-hour)
hrs = Hours per year that raw milk is being cooled
0.93 = Specific heat of milk (Btu/lb·˚F)576

lbsmilk 23,888 Assumed value based on 2018 NYS Agricultural Statistics.577
cows From application.
From application, if unknown use 30˚F as default.578 If a VSD is
installed on an existing milk pre-cooler heat exchanger, use 11.7°F as
∆T
default. If a VSD is installed on a new milk pre-cooler heat exchanger,
use 41.7°F as default.579
EER From application, if unknown use 8.0 as default.580
hrs From application, if unknown use 2,920 as default.581
CF 0.4

576
Specific heat of whole milk, Table 3: Unfrozen Composition Data, Initial Freezing Point, and Specific Heat of
Foods, 2014 ASHRAE Handbook – Refrigeration. Page 19.5.
577
2018 – 2019 Agricultural Statistics Annual Bulletin: New York, Milk Production, Disposition, and Income —
New York: 2014-2018, pg. 19.
578
The efficacy of a milk plate cooler is sourced from Sanford, Scott (University of Wisconsin–Madison). “Energy
Efficiency for Dairy Enterprises.” Presentation to Agricultural and Life Sciences Program staff. December 2014. It
was assumed that there is a 25°F of milk temperature difference for a single pass plate cooler and a 35°F of
temperature difference for a double/multi-pass plate cooler. An average of 30°F between the two types was used.
579
Sanford, Scott (University of Wisconsin–Madison). “Well Water Precoolers.” Publication A37843. October
2003. It was determined that a plate cooler alone can reduce milk temperature to 68 ˚F and a plate cooler paired with
a milk transfer pump VSD can reduce milk temperature to 56.3 ˚F. The additional benefits of the milk transfer pump
VSD over the plate cooler is 11.7 ˚F.
580
Average efficiency of an existing compressor on a dairy farm. Massachusetts Farm Energy: Best Management
Practices for Dairy Farms, USDA NRCS, 2012, pg. 19.
581
Dairy Farm Energy Management Guide: California, Ludington, Johnson, Kowalski, & Mage, Southern California
Edison, 2004. Assuming raw milk for pasturing must be cooled within 4 hours, 2 milking per day.
582
Regional Technical Forum (RTF) as part of the Northwest Power & Conservation Council, Deemed Measures
List. Agricultural: Variable Frequency Drives-Dairy, FY2012, V1.2.


The baseline conditions assume that no previous pre‐cooler heat exchanger was installed, and the
entire milk cooling load is on the milk bulk tank.

The measure entails installation of a heat exchanger to decrease the cooling requirement of the
primary milk bulk tank refrigeration system. The heat exchanger fluid medium used for heat
rejection is either well or ground water as this produces the largest temperature differential for
energy savings. For water requirements, the water supply system must have capacity to keep up
with the existing farm water demands and additional demands of the pre‐cooler. To minimize the
volume of water used for pre-cooling, a solenoid valve should be installed on the water supply
line to the pre‐cooler and be actuated only when the milk pump is in operation. A bypass line
around the solenoid valve or a time delay relay can also be used to provide additional cooling of
the residual milk in the pre‐cooler between pumping cycles. A storage tank will be necessary for
used cooling water storage until it is re‐used for watering cows, cleanup or another purpose on
the farm.
Operating Hours
Raw milk for pasteurizing must be cooled within four hours. Most dairies milk twice per day
which equates to a total of 2,920 hours annually for raw milk cooling.

A milk pre-cooler is installed on an 80 cow dairy farm near Poughkeepsie. The heat exchanger
will run for 3,000 hours per year to cool raw milk. The pre-cooler is estimated to reduce the
milk temperature by 35°F. The approximate efficiency of the refrigeration compressor is 9.0
EER. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings
and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ =
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000

( )
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000
ℎ𝑟𝑠
lbsmilk = 23,888, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources

Cows = 80, from application
ΔT = 35, from application
EER = 9.0, from application
hrs = 3000, from application
23,888 × 80 × 35 × 0.93
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = = 6,911.6 𝑘𝑊ℎ
9.0 × 1,000

23,888 × 80 × 35 × 0.93
( )
9.0 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.4 = 0.922 𝑘𝑊
3,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. “Massachusetts Farm Energy Best Management Practices for Dairy Farms”, United
States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resource Conservation Service
(NRCS), 2012.
Available from: https://massfarmenergy.com/wp-
content/uploads/2014/03/Dairy%20Farms%20Best%20Practices.pdf
2. Sanford, Scott (University of Wisconsin–Madison). “Energy Efficiency for Dairy
Enterprises.” Presentation to Agricultural and Life Sciences Program staff. December
2014.
Available from: https://aeeibse.wp.prod.es.cloud.vt.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/EC-
for-Dairy-Enterprises-Nov-2017.pdf
3. Unfrozen Composition Data, Initial Freezing Point, and Specific Heat of Foods, 2014
ASHRAE Handbook - Refrigeration. Page 19.5, Table 3.
4. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, “2018 – 2019 Agricultural Statistics
Annual Bulletin: New York”, 2019.
Available from:
https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/New_York/Publications/Annual_Statistica
l_Bulletin/2019/2018-2019%20NY%20Annual%20Bulletin.pdf
5. Energy Conservation in Agriculture: Well Water Precoolers, A3784-03, Scott Sanford,
University of Wisconsin Extension, 2003, pg. 6.
Available from: https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0145/8808/4272/files/A3784-03.pdf
6. Dairy Farm Energy Management Guide: California, Ludington, Johnson, Kowalski, &
Mage, Southern California Edison, 2004.
Available from:
https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=d2lzYy5lZHV8dXJwbC05MTItY
mlvZ2FzLWdyb3VwfGd4OjFjNjdkYmFmNzJkY2RlOWE

Record of Revisions
7-20-5 7/31/2020

REFRIGERATION HEAT RECOVERY – DAIRY FARMS

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a heat recovery system on bulk tank compressors on dairy
farms. Heat recovery systems recover waste heat from bulk tank compressors used in milk cooling
processes. This waste heat is used to pre-heat water before it is transferred to a water heater, thus
reducing the load of the water heater. Hot water is used in various farm applications such as
cleaning and livestock watering.
There are two methods of calculating savings. One is to calculate the amount of energy that can
be recovered by the heat recovery system in the milk cooling process. This method is reflected in
the ΔBTUmilk equation. The second method is to calculate the energy required to heat the water in
the storage tank to 120°F.583 This method is reflected in the ΔBTUhru, equation. The smaller of the
two shall be selected. If ΔBTUmilk is smaller than ΔBTUhru, this implies that the energy recovered
by the heat recovery system is not sufficient to fully heat the water to 120°F, and therefore
represents the upper limit of savings. If ΔBTUhru is smaller than ΔBTUmilk this implies the energy
required to heat the water to 120°F is less than the energy that is recovered by the heat recovery
system, and therefore represents the upper limit of savings.
Annual Electric Energy Savings (Electric Water Heating Equipment Only)
𝑀𝐼𝑁[∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 , ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑟𝑢 ]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ =
3,412 × 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings (Electric Water Heating Equipment Only)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings (Fossil Fuel Water Heating Equipment Only)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 =
1,000,000 × 𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
where:
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 × 𝑐𝑜𝑤𝑠 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 × 0.93 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑟𝑢 = 𝑣ℎ𝑟𝑢 × ∆𝑇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 8.33 × 365 × 𝑐𝑜𝑤𝑠
where:
583
DeLaval. “Dairy Farm Energy Efficiency”. A heat recovery system is capable of heating water up to 120°F.


ΔBTUmilk = Energy that is recoverable from the milk cooling process, in BTU
ΔBTUhru = Energy required to heat water in the storage tank unit to 120°F, in BTU
∆Tmilk = Difference in temperature between the milk entering the bulk tank and final
stored temperature of cooled milk (°F)
∆Twater = Change in water temperature attributable to heat recovery system (°F)
vhru = Volume of hot water for washing and cleaning per day per cow, in gallons
Et = Water heater thermal efficiency
0.93 = Specific heat of milk (BTU/lb-°F)584

Assumed value based on 2018 NYS
lbsmilk 23,888
Agricultural Statistics.585
cows From application.
No Pre-Cooler: 60
Sanford, Scott (University of Wisconsin–
∆Tmilk Standard Pre-Cooler: 30
Madison). “Well Water Precoolers.”586
Variable Speed Pre-Cooler: 18.3
Assumed value based on midpoint of
ESF 0.4
range identified in reference literature.587
584
2018 ASHRAE Handbook – Refrigeration, Specific heat of whole milk, Table 3: Unfrozen Composition Data,
Initial Freezing Point, and Specific Heat of Foods.
585
New York: 2014-2018, pg. 19.
586
VSD over the plate cooler is 11.7 ˚F. Milk is stored at 38°F, therefore 56.3°F-38°F=18.3°F.
587
DeLaval. “Dairy Farm Energy Efficiency”. A heat recovery system can recover 20%-60% of the energy required
in the milk cooling process.


Lookup Tmain value based on location in
Cold Water Inlet Temperature table
below. For a fully condensing RHR
∆Twater Tset - Tmain
system, Tset =120°F. For a desuperheater
RHR condenser a Tset of 95°F to 115°F
should be selected.588
From application. If unknown use 6.3
vhru
gallons/cow/day.589
From application or use 2 as default
milkings
value.590
Thermal efficiency of electric water
Et,elec 0.98
heater.591
Thermal efficiency of fossil fuel water
Et,fuel 0.80
heater.592
From application, if unknown use 2,920
hrs
as default.593
CF 0.8


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
588
DeLaval. “Dairy Farm Energy Efficiency.” April 20, 2011.
589
Michigan State University “Water use on dairy farms”.
590
According to USDA’s “Milk Cost-of-Production Estimates-2016 Base”, only 6.61% of cows are milked more
than twice a day in New York state. Therefore, it is assumed that cows are milked twice per day.
591
592
Per 10 CFR 431.110 (a).
593
Dairy Farm Energy Management Guide: California, Ludington, Johnson, Kowalski, & Mage, Southern California
Edison, 2004. Assuming raw milk for pasturing must be cooled within 4 hours, 2 milking per day.
594
595



The baseline condition for this measure is a dairy farm without a heat recovery system.

The compliance condition is a dairy farm with a heat recovery system.
Operating Hours
Raw milk for pasteurizing must be cooled within four hours. Most dairies milk twice per day
which equates to a total of 2,920 hours annually for raw milk cooling. The heat recovery system
operates during the cooling process; therefore, the operating hours are assumed to be the same
for the purposes of estimating peak demand savings.

A refrigeration heat recovery system is installed on an 80 cow dairy farm with electric water
heating near Syracuse. The Refrigeration Heat Recovery (RHR) system aims to recover heat in
the milk cooling process and would operate during the milk cooling process for 3,000 hours
per year. The system includes a standard pre-cooler. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ =
3,412 × 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 × 𝑐𝑜𝑤𝑠 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 × 0.93 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑟𝑢 = 𝑣ℎ𝑟𝑢 × ∆𝑇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 8.33 × 365 × 𝑐𝑜𝑤𝑠
lbsmilk = 23,888 lbs, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources

ESF = 0.4, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
ΔTmilk = 30, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
cows = 80, from application
vhru = 6.3, gallons/cow/day, default from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Twater = Tset – Tmain = 120 – 55.4 = 64.6
Tset = 120F, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
596

Tmain = 54.3, from Cold Water Inlet Temperature table based on City
Et,elec = 0.98, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
CF = 0.8, from Summary of variables and Data Sources
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 = 23,888 × 80 × 30 × 0.93 × 0.4 = 21,327,206.40
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑟𝑢 = 6.3 × 64.6 × 8.33 × 365 × 80 = 98,992,187.28
As per the measure direction, the smaller of the ΔBTUmilk and ΔBTUhru would be selected.
21,327,206.4
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = = 6,378.21 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412 × 0.98
6,378.21
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.8 = 1.70 𝑘𝑊
3,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. DeLaval. “Dairy Farm Energy Efficiency.” April 20, 2011.
Available from: http://www.milkproduction.com/Library/Scientific-
articles/Management/Dairy-farm-energy-efficiency/2018 ASHRAE Handbook -
Refrigeration.
Available from:


2014.
4. U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. “Milk Cost of Production
Estimates.”
Available from: https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/milk-cost-of-production-
estimates.aspx
5. Michigan State University “Water Use on Dairy Farms”.
Available from:
https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/water_use_on_dairy_farms#:~:text=There%20were%20
854%2D1005%20total,gallons%20per%20cow%20per%20day.
3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
idx?SID=64f994924a5f31b841cab23a6d543f85&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_1110
8. Dairy Farm Energy Management Guide: California, Ludington, Johnson, Kowalski, &
Mage, Southern California Edison, 2004.
Available from:
https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=d2lzYy5lZHV8dXJwbC05MTItY
mlvZ2FzLWdyb3VwfGd4OjFjNjdkYmFmNzJkY2RlOWE
9. Burch, Jay and Christensen, Craig, “Towards Development of an Algorithm for Mains
Available from:
10. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – NCDC 1991-2020 Climate
Normals.
Record of Revision
7-20-6 7/31/2020

SCROLL COMPRESSOR – DAIRY FARMS

Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of reciprocating compressors with scroll compressors in milk
cooling dairy farm applications. A scroll compressor is a device used to compress refrigerant and
is more efficient and reliable than traditional reciprocating compressors. Scroll compressors are
now the predominant compressor type sold on the market in these applications; therefore, this
measure is only applicable in retrofit scenarios.
𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑙𝑏𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 × 𝑐𝑜𝑤𝑠 × ∆𝑇 × 0.93
𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
1 1
× [( )−( )]
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 1,000 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
where:
𝐸𝐸𝑅ee =
𝑊𝑒𝑒
𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝐸𝐸𝑅baseline =
𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
BTU/htotal = Total cooling capacity of compressors on dairy farm
∆T = Difference in temperature between the milk entering the bulk tank and final stored
temperature of cooled milk (°F)
EERbaseline = Energy efficiency ratio of reciprocating compressor based on nameplate BTU/h
and wattage

EERee = Energy efficiency ratio of scroll compressor based on nameplate BTU/h and
wattage
BTU/hbaseline = Nameplate BTU/h of existing reciprocating compressor
BTU/hee = Nameplate BTU/h of installed scroll compressor
Wbaseline = Nameplate wattage of existing reciprocating compressor
Wee = Nameplate wattage of installed scroll compressor
0.93 = Specific heat of milk (BTU/lb-°F)597

BTU/hee From application
BTU/htotal From application
Assumed value based on 2018 NYS
lbsmilk 23,888
Agricultural Statistics.598
cows From application
No Pre-Cooler: 60
Sanford, Scott (University of Wisconsin–
∆T Standard Pre-Cooler: 30
Madison). “Well Water Precoolers.”599
Variable Speed Pre-Cooler: 18.3
Wbaseline From application
Wee From application
From application, calculate based on
EERee
equation above.600
From application, calculate based on
EERbaseline equation above. If unknown, assume
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 0.85 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒 .601
CF 1.0

597
2018 ASHRAE Handbook – Refrigeration, Specific heat of whole milk, Table 3: Unfrozen Composition Data,
Initial Freezing Point, and Specific Heat of Foods.
598
New York: 2014-2018, pg. 19.
599
VSD over the plate cooler is 11.7 ˚F. Milk is stored at 38°F, therefore 56.3°F-38°F=18.3°F.
600
Equation given by Massachusetts Farm Energy: Best Management Practices for Dairy Farms, USDA NRCS,
2012.
601
Massachusetts Farm Energy: Best Management Practices for Dairy Farms, USDA NRCS, 2012 (page 31). It is
assumed that scroll compressors are 15% more efficient than reciprocating compressors.
602


The baseline condition for this measure is a dairy operation using a reciprocating compressor for
milk cooling.

The compliance condition is the replacement of a reciprocating compressor with a scroll
compressor for milk cooling.
Operating Hours
Hours of operation are embedded in other assumptions used in this methodology. Assumed hours
of operation for derivation of kW savings are 8,760 to provide a conservative estimate of peak
demand impacts.

A reciprocating compressor with 24,000 BTU/h capacity and full load wattage of 3,500 W is
replaced with a scroll compressor with 22,000 BTU/h capacity and full load wattage of 2,075
W on an 80 cow dairy farm near Syracuse. The system is equipped with a standard pre-cooler.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑙𝑏𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 × 𝑐𝑜𝑤𝑠 × ∆𝑇 × 0.93
𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
1 1
× [( )−( )]
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 1,000 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
where:
𝐸𝐸𝑅ee =
𝑊𝑒𝑒
𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝐸𝐸𝑅baseline =
𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
lbsmilk = 23,888 lbs, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources

cows = 80, from application
ΔT = 30, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table based on standard pre-cooler
BTU/hee = 22,000 BTU/h, from application
BTU/hbaseline = 24,000 BTU/h, from application
BTU/htotal = 22,000 BTU/h, from application
Wbaseline = 3,500 watts, from application

Wee = 2,075 watts, from application

CF = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data sources table
22,000
𝐸𝐸𝑅ee = = 10.60
2,075
24,000
𝐸𝐸𝑅baseline = = 6.85
3,500
22,000 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 23,888 × 80 × 30 × 0.93 × [( )−( )]
22,000 6.9 × 1,000 10.6 × 1,000
= 2,697.25 𝑘𝑊ℎ
2,697
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1 = 0.31 𝑘𝑊
8,760

See Appendix P.


References
1. 2018 ASHRAE Handbook - Refrigeration.
Available from:
2014.

4. “Massachusetts Farm Energy Best Management Practices for Dairy Farms”, United
States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resource Conservation Service
(NRCS), 2012.
Available from: https://massfarmenergy.com/wp-
content/uploads/2014/03/Dairy%20Farms%20Best%20Practices.pdf
Record of Revision
7-20-7 7/31/2020

AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT – CONTROL
ENGINE BLOCK HEATER TIMER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of timers used to control engine block heaters on existing farm
equipment engines such as tractors, skid steers, trucks, and generators. Engine block heaters are
used to warm an engine prior to use and are generally used during cold weather. For convenience,
engine block heaters without automation are typically left running longer than necessary. Timers
limit energy consumption by pre-warming equipment only as required.
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
1,000
where:
units = Number of engine block heaters connected to timers under the program
Wheater = Wattage of engine block heater under control
hrs = Hours of use per day
days = Days of use per year

Wheater From application, if unknown use a default value of 1,000 W.603
hrsbaseline From application, if unknown use a default value of 10 hrs.604
603
2018 FFA to Farm Engine Block Heater Timer Fundraiser Fact Sheet.
604
Ibid.


hrsee From application, if unknown use a default value of 2 hrs.605
days From application, if unknown use a default value of 90 days.606


The baseline condition is an engine block heater without a timer that is manually controlled.

The energy efficient condition is an engine block heater controlled by a timer.
Operating Hours
Timer on hours are set by the customer. If timer set hours are unknown, assume 2 hours per day.
If days of use per year are unknown, assume 90.

A 1,100 W tractor engine block heater is equipped with timer control on a farm near Syracuse
to limit energy consumption during pre-warming by reducing daily run hours from 11 to 2.25.
The heater operates 92 days per year. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual
Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are calculated
as below.
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
1,000

Wheater = 1,100 W, from application
hrsbaseline = 11 hours, from application
hrsee = 2.25 hours, from application
days = 92 days, from application
1,100
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × (11 − 2.25) × 92 = 885.5 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
Ibid.
605
Energy Efficiency in New York State Agriculture: Summary of Energy Efficiency Programs and Research
606
Opportunities, NYSERDA, C-4.


See Appendix P.


References
1. 2018 FFA to Farm Engine Block Heater Timer Fundraiser Fact Sheet, Focus on Energy.
Available from: https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/inline-
files/EBHT_Flyer_030418_1.pdf
2. Energy Efficiency in New York State Agriculture: Summary of Energy Efficiency
Programs and Research Opportunities, NYSERDA.
Available from: https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/-
/media/Project/Nyserda/Files/Publications/Research/Other-Technical-Reports/energy-
efficiency-in-new-york-state-agriculture.pdf
Record of Revisions
7-13-28 7/31/2013
9-18-7 9/28/2018

VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE VACUUM PUMP – DAIRY FARMS

Measure Description
Milking vacuum systems consume large amounts of electricity on dairy farms. A conventional
system runs a vacuum pump motor at full speed and a mechanical vacuum regulator creates an
intentional air leak or “bleed” to regulate the system pressure regardless of the amount of milk
being pumped. When the system requires a higher level of vacuum, the regulator closes and the
vacuum level increases.607
This measure modifies the milking vacuum system and installs a variable speed drive (VSD) to
control the vacuum pump motor. The VSD controls the speed of the vacuum pump motor, slowing
it down when the milking units are attached to the udders, reducing electrical power demand and
saving electricity usage. A milking vacuum system controlled with a VSD consists of three main
parts: a three‐phase electric motor, a VSD unit, and a differential pressure transducer. The VSD
modulates the vacuum pump motor speed based on the control signal from the differential pressure
transducer. The baseline for this measure reflects a standard vacuum pump motor operating at
constant speed. If the motor is being replaced as part of this measure, the “New Motor” efficiency
in the Standard Motor Efficiency table below shall be used. Otherwise, the “Existing Motor”
efficiency shall be used.
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [( ) − (0.05 × 2 × 𝑀𝑈 + 1.7729)] × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊 = [( ) − (0.05 × 2 × 𝑀𝑈 + 1.7729)] × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝑓𝑓
where:
hp = Rated horsepower of vacuum pump motor
LF = Average load factor for a constant speed vacuum pump
0.746 = Conversion factor (kW/hp), 746 watts equals one electric horsepower
607
Evaluation, Measurement and Verification Report, California Multi Measure Farm Program 1354-04 and 1360-
04, prepared for the California Public Utilities Commission and EnSave, Inc., by kW Engineering, CALMAC ID:
ENS0002.01, March 15, 2007, pages 3-4.

Eff = Rated pump motor efficiency

0.05 = Regression coefficient for the average speed of a VSD and processed milk
units608
2 = Air flow rate of milking unit (CFM)609
1.7729 = Regression constant for the average speed of a VSD and processed milk units610
MU = Number of milking units equipped with a vacuum pump and controlled by VSD
hrs = Annual hours of pump operation

LF From application, if unknown use 0.76 as default value.611
From application, if unknown use default values listed in
Eff
Standard Motor Efficiency table below.
MU From application.
From application, if unknown use 4,380 as default value
hrs
based on USDA data.612
CF 0.4
Standard Motor Efficiency

Existing
Motor Classification Size (hp) New Motor614
Motor613
Milk: Vacuum Pump with Adjustable
7.5 89.5% 91.7%
Speed Drive Package – 7.5 HP
10 89.5% 91.7%
Speed Drive Package – 10 HP
15 91.0% 92.4%
30 92.4% 93.6%
608
Sanford, Scott (University of Wisconsin–Madison). “Milking System Air Consumption When Using a Variable
Speed Vacuum Pump”, Figure 2. The regression coefficient of 0.0018 LPM is converted into 0.05 CFM.
609
Ibid. An air leakage rate of 2 CFM is chosen as a conservative estimate for which to perform regression analysis.
610
Ibid.
611
Cascade Energy. “Proposed Standard Savings Estimation Protocol for Ultra-Premium Efficiency Motors.” Table
6: Load Factor by Nameplate hp and End Use. November 5, 2012.
612
Assuming 2 milking and cleaning sessions per day, 5 hours per milking session, 1 hour per cleaning session, and
365 days of milking per year.
613
The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), 1800 RPM, TEFC assumed as typical for Dairy
vacuum pump motors, see https://www.congress.gov/110/plaws/publ140/PLAW-110publ140.pdf, as an example.
614
US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, “Premium Efficiency Motor.
Selection and Application Guide: A Handbook for Industry”. Table 2-1. 1800 RPM, TEFC assumed as typical for
Dairy vacuum pump motors, see https://www.energy.gov/eere/amo/articles/premium-efficiency-motor-selection-
and-application-guide-handbook-industry, as an example.



The baseline condition is a constant speed dairy vacuum pump that is controlled with a mechanical
vacuum regulator.

The compliance condition is a dairy vacuum pump with a variable speed drive installed.
Operating Hours
Milking sessions typically occur twice per day, which can take up to 5 hours each. Assuming 1
hour of cleaning after each milking session and 365 days of operation per year, total annual hours
of operation is 4,380.

A 10 hp variable speed vacuum pump with a 0.75 load factor and rated efficiency of 93% is
installed on a dairy farm near Albany. The pump operates for 1,300 hours annually. Annual
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [( ) − (0.05 × 2 × 𝑀𝑈 + 1.7729)] × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊 = [( ) − (0.05 × 2 × 𝑀𝑈 + 1.7729)] × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝑓𝑓
hp = 10 hp, from application

LF = 0.75, from application
Eff = 93%, from Standard Motor Efficiency table
MU = 32, default from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
10 × 0.75 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [( ) − (0.05 × 2 × 32 + 1.7729)] × 1,300 = 1,356.20 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.93
10 × 0.75 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊 = [( ) − (0.05 × 2 × 32 + 1.7729)] × 0.4 = 0.42 𝑘𝑊
0.93
615
Regional Technical Forum (RTF) as part of the Northwest Power & Conservation Council, Deemed Measures
List. Agricultural: Variable Frequency Drives-Dairy, FY2012, V1.2.


See Appendix P.


References
1. Sanford, Scott (University of Wisconsin–Madison). “Milking System Air Consumption
When Using a Variable Speed Vacuum Pump.” Paper presented at the ASAE Annual
International Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, July 27–30, 2003.
Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271432327_Milking_System_Air_Consumptio
n_When_Using_a_Variable_Speed_Vacuum_Pump
2. Cascade Energy. “Proposed Standard Savings Estimation Protocol for Ultra-Premium
Efficiency Motors.” Table 6: Load Factor by Nameplate hp and End Use. November 5,
2012.
Available from: https://rtf.nwcouncil.org/meeting/rtf-meeting-november-14-2012
3. 2017 U.S. Census of Agriculture, New York State Summary Highlights, Full Report,
Volume 1, Chapter 2, U.S. State Level.
Available from:
https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapte
r_1_State_Level/New_York/
4. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA).
Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-110publ140/pdf/PLAW-
110publ140.pdf
5. US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, “Premium
Efficiency Motor Selection and Application Guide: A Handbook for Industry”.
Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/04/f15/amo_motors_handbook_web.pdf
6. List of Deactivated UES Measures from the Regional Technical Forum (RTF) as part of
the Northwest Power & Conservation Council, Deemed Measures List. Agricultural:
Variable Frequency Drives-Dairy, FY2012, V1.2.
Available from: https://rtf.nwcouncil.org/deactivated-measures

Record of Revisions
7-20-8 7/31/2020
6-22-7 9/2/2022

APPLIANCE
AIR PURIFIER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of residential duty air purifiers meeting the minimum
qualifying efficiency standards established under the ENERGY STAR® Program, Version 2.0,
effective October 17, 2020 in commercial and industrial facilities.
Room air purifiers also referred to as room air cleaners are portable, electric appliances that
remove fine particles, such as dust and pollen, from indoor air.616
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = (8760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 × 1,000
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = (8760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
hrs = Annual run hours of air purifier
standby = Standby Power (Watts)
CADR = Clean Air Delivery Rate (Smoke CADR)
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Air Cleaners, Eligibility Criteria Version 2.0,
616
October 2020.

Eff = Efficiency (smoke CADR/Watt); the ENERGY STAR® specification for room
air purifiers measures energy efficiency by using a Clean Air Delivery Rate-to-Watt
ratio

standbybaseline 1.0 Watts
standbyee Based on ENERGY STAR® manufacture rating. (Watts)
hrs See Operating Hours section below.
CADR Based on ENERGY STAR® manufacture rating for smoke
CADR/Watt based on CADR range. See Baseline Efficiencies
Effbaseline
section below
Effee Based on ENERGY STAR® manufacture rating (CADR/Watt)
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is defined by the 2021 Appliance Standards Awareness Project (ASAP)
Model Bill, per NYSERDA standards.618,619
The baseline condition air purifier must have a smoke CADR of at least 30 and meet the smoke
CADR/W requirements in the table below. For ozone-emitting models, measured ozone shall be
less than or equal to 50 parts per billion (ppb)

CADR Range CADR/W
30 ≤ CADR < 100 1.7
100 ≤ CADR < 150 1.9
CADR ≥ 150 2.0

The compliance condition is an air purifier meeting the ENERGY STAR® specifications as stated
below.
617
618
NYSERDA NY State Appliance and Equipment Current Standards
619
2021 ASAP Model Bill

The air purifier must produce a minimum of 30 (Clean Air Delivery Rate) CADR. The Rated
Smoke CADR divided by the operating power consumption measured during the smoke particle
removal test (equal to Smoke ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Room Air Cleaners –
Eligibility Criteria (Rev. May 2022) 3 CADR / Watt) shall be greater than or equal to the Minimum
Smoke CADR/Watt Requirement shown in table below.620

CADR Range CADR/W
30 ≤ CADR < 100 1.9
100 ≤ CADR < 150 2.4
CADR ≥ 150 2.9
UL safety requirements: To certify for ENERGY STAR, measured ozone emitted as a byproduct
shall not exceed 50 parts per billion (ppb), per UL 867 Ed. 5.0.621
Partial On Mode Power requirements: The Measured Partial on Mode Power shall be less than or
equal to the Maximum Partial On Mode Requirement (standbyee) as shown in the table below.
Partial On Mode Power Allowances

Models without Wi-Fi capability Models with Wi-Fi capability
standbyee 1.00 2.00
Operating Hours
Annual operating hours shall be taken from application, using anticipated runtime of equipment or
total facility operating hours. If unknown, default operating hours shall align with operating hour
assumptions for facility types as described in Appendix A.

A commercial facility installed a residential air purifier with a smoke CADR of 120 and 2.7
CADR/Watt. It will run for 3,000 hours each year and is capable of an online connection
through Wi-Fi. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = (8760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 × 1,000
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = (8760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × + ℎ𝑟𝑠 ×
620
Section 3, ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Air Cleaners, Eligibility Criteria
Version 2.0, October 2020.
621
Ibid.

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
standbybaseline = 1.00, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

standbyee = 2.00, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on
application
CADR = 120, from application
Effbaseline = 1.9, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
2 120
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = (8,760 − 3,000) × + 3,000 × = 145 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 2.7 × 1,000
1 120
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = (8760 − 3,000) × + 3,000 × = 195 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 1.9 × 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (195 − 145) = 50 𝑘𝑊ℎ
50
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × 0.8 = 0.0133 𝑘𝑊
3,000

See Appendix P.



References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Air Cleaners,
Available from:
ersion%202.0%20Room%20Air%20Cleaners%20Specification%20%28Rev.%20May%2
02022%29.pdf
Record of Revision
6-23-9 7/14/2023

CLOTHES DRYER
Measure Description
This measure covers residential grade clothes dryers meeting the criteria established under the
ENERGY STAR® Program, Version 1.1, effective May 5, 2017 installed in small commercial
settings.622 ENERGY STAR® clothes dryers have a higher combined energy factor (CEF), and
save energy through a combination of more efficient drying and reduced runtime of the drying
cycle. More efficient drying is achieved through increased insulation, modifying operating
conditions, improving air circulation, and improved efficiency of motors. Reduced dryer runtime
is achieved through automatic termination of the dryer cycles based on temperature and moisture
sensors. Clothes dryers originally qualified for the ENERGY STAR® label in May 2014. Clothes
dryers that have earned this label are approximately 20% more efficient than non-qualified
models.623
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

where:
Felec = Percentage of energy consumed that is derived from electricity
622
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Clothes Dryers, Eligibility Criteria Version
1.1, May 2017.
623
Efficiency of ENERGY STAR® products: https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_dryers

Ffuel = Percentage of energy consumed that is derived from fossil fuel

CEF = Combined energy factor (lb/kWh)
hrs = Annual run hours of clothes dryer

From application, or lookup based on efficient dryer type in
Cyclesannual
table below.624
Ffuel,ee Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.629
CEFee Lookup based on efficient dryer type in table below.631
From application, or lookup based on efficient dryer type in
hrs
table below.632
CF 0.042

Dryer Type
Ventless or Ventless or Ventless
Vented Vented Electric,
Variable Vented Electric, Vented Electric, Electric,
Gas Compact
Standard ≥ 4.4 Compact (120V) Compact
Dryer (240V) < 4.4 ft3
ft3 < 4.4 ft3 (240V) < 4.4 ft3
Cyclesannual 283 283 283 283 283
Load 8.45 8.45 3.00 3.00 3.00
Felec,baseline 0.05 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Felec,ee 0.05 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ffuel,baseline 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ffuel,ee 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
624
625
Ibid.
626
1.1, May 2017.
627
Ibid.
628
Ibid.
629
Ibid.
630
10 CFR 430.32 (h)(3).
631
1.1, May 2017.
632

Dryer Type
Ventless or Ventless or Ventless
Vented Vented Electric,
Variable Vented Electric, Vented Electric, Electric,
Gas Compact
Standard ≥ 4.4 Compact (120V) Compact
Dryer (240V) < 4.4 ft3
ft3 < 4.4 ft3 (240V) < 4.4 ft3
CEFbaseline 3.30 3.73 3.61 3.27 2.55
CEFee 3.48 3.93 3.80 3.45 2.68
hrs 290 290 290 290 290


The baseline condition is a standard efficiency, residential grade clothes dryer with operating
specifications as defined in the Key Variables Lookup Table above.

The compliance condition is a residential grade clothes dryer appearing on the ENERGY STAR®
qualified products list.
Operating Hours
Operating hours for residential clothes dryers are provided in the Key Variables Lookup Table
above. In the absence of justifiable default operating characteristics for residential grade clothes
dryers installed in small commercial facilities, residential values are assumed.

A small business owner in Albany replaces an existing electric clothes dryer with an ENERGY
STAR® qualified ventless electric, compact clothes dryer. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

Cyclesannual = 283, from Key Variables Lookup table
633
Evaluation Year 4 (6/1/2012 – 5/31/2013) Appliance Rebate Program.” March 2014, page 36. This report is not
publicly available, but is referenced by the Mid-Atlantic Technical Reference Manual, Version 9.0, October 2019.

Load = 3, from Key Variables Lookup table

Felec,baseline = 1, from Key Variables Lookup table
Felec,ee = 1, from Key Variables Lookup table
CEFbaseline = 2.55, from Key Variables Lookup table
CEFee = 2.68, from Key Variables Lookup table
hrs = 290, from Key Variables Lookup table
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 283 × 3 × ( − ) = 16.15𝑘𝑊ℎ
2.55 2.68
16.15
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.042 = 0.002𝑘𝑊
290

See Appendix P.

A clothes dryer releases heat to the surrounding environment. Conventional vented dryers also
vent air outside the building. The associated HVAC impact of dryers depends upon a number of
variables including climate and placement of a dryer (i.e., in a conditioned or unconditioned space).
It is an area of ongoing research.634 These impacts are excluded from the methodology prescribed
herein until they can be quantified and substantiated through independent research.

See Ancillary Fossil Fuel Savings Impacts section above.
References
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20F
inal%20Version%201.1%20Clothes%20Dryers%20Specification%20-
%20Program%20Commitment%20Criteria%20and%20Eligibility%20Criteria.pdf
2. Savings calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/heating_cooling/guide/savings-
calculator
se10.3.430_13
634
ENERGY STAR® Market & Industry Scoping Report: Residential Clothes Dryers, November 2011.

4. ENERGY STAR® Market & Industry Scoping Report: Residential Clothes Dryers,
November 2011.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY_STAR_Scoping
_Report_Residential_Clothes_Dryers.pdf
Record of Revision
12-17-15 12/31/2017
12-18-4 12/28/2018

CLOTHES W ASHER
Measure Description
This measure is applicable to commercial grade clothes washers meeting the criteria established
under the ENERGY STAR® Program, Version 8.0, effective February 5, 2018, installed in
commercial settings.635 ENERGY STAR® clothes washers have a higher Modified Energy Factor
(MEF) and a lower Integrated Water Factor (IWF), saving energy and water with greater tub
capacities and sophisticated wash and rinse systems. Rather than filling the tub with water,
efficient wash cycles are achieved by spinning or flipping clothes through a stream of water.
Efficient rinse cycles are achieved through high-pressure spraying instead of soaking clothes.
Reduced dryer load represents additional energy savings associated with the thorough removal of
water from the clothes in the washer. Clothes washers originally qualified for the ENERGY
STAR® label in 1997. Clothes washers that have earned this label use approximately 25% less
energy and 33% less water than comparable non-qualified models.636
This measure addresses installation of soft-mounted 637 front-loading clothes washers. 638 This
measure applies to commercial equipment installed in multifamily common areas, coin laundries,
hospitals, hotels and motels.
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑑𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 × ( − )
𝑀𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑀𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑒
× [𝐹𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑟 + (𝐹𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 )]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × 24

635
8.0, February 2018.
636
Efficiency of ENERGY STAR® products: https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_washers
637
Soft-mounted washing machines are built in a cradle that contains springs and shock absorbers to isolate the
drum from the frame of the washer.
638
Per 10 CFR 431.110 (a).

1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑑𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 × ( − )
(𝐹𝑤ℎ 3,412
×[ × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 1.12)] ×
𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 1,000,000
where:
Cyclesdaily = Number of dryer cycles per day
ElecSFdryer = Electric Savings Factor for dryers
FuelSFdryer = Fossil Fuel Savings Factor for dryers
MEFbaseline = Baseline Modified Energy Factor
MEFee = Energy Efficient Modified Energy Factor
Fwasher = Percentage of savings attributable to washer
Fwh = Percentage of savings attributable to water heater
Fdryer = Percentage of savings attributable to dryer
capacity = Clothes Washer rated capacity (cu.ft.)
Et,fuel = Water heater thermal efficiency
1.12 = Gas dryer correction factor639

Lookup based on Equipment class in the
MEFbaseline
table in Baseline Efficiency section below.
MEFee From application.
Calculated from conventions drawn from
Fwasher 0.08
ENERGY STAR and 10 CFR.640
Fwh 0.33
639
A gas dryer correction factor corrects for the differential in typical efficiency between electric and gas dryers.
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). 2012. Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Program for Consumer
Products and Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Residential Clothes Washers.
640
Calculated based on defaults from ENERGY STAR and 10 CFR 431.156.
641


Fdryer 0.59
Electric WH: 1.0 Based on EIA Commercial Energy
ElecSFwh Fossil Fuel WH: 0 Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for
Unknown: 0.46 Middle Atlantic States.643
Electric Dryer: 1.0 Based on EIA Commercial Energy
ElecSFdryer Gas Dryer: 0 Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for
Electric WH: 0 Based on EIA Commercial Energy
FuelSFwh Fossil Fuel WH: 1.0 Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for
Electric Dryer: 0 Based on EIA Commercial Energy
FuelSFdryer Gas Dryer: 1.0 Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for
Thermal efficiency of fossil fuel water
Et,fuel 0.80
heater.647
State of the Self-Service Industry Laundry
Laundromat: 4.3
Report.648
Cyclesdaily Multi-family: 3.4
ACEEE White Paper.649
Hospital/Hotel/Motel: 10.4
Laundry Planning Guide, EDRO.650
Capacity From application.
days From application.
CF 1.0
Integrated Water Factor, IWF 651 (gal/ft3/cycle) is the quotient of the total weighted per-cycle
water consumption for all wash cycles in gallons divided by the cubic foot (or liter) capacity of
the clothes washer. A lower value reflects a more efficient clothes washer.652 Manufacturers must
submit their water consumption factors with their ENERGY STAR® certified commercial clothes
washers.
642
643
EIA Commercial Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for Middle Atlantic States, Table B4. Census
region and division, number of buildings (“Unknown” calculated as the number of homes with electric water heating
divided by the total number of buildings with electric, fuel oil or gas water heating.)
644
Ibid, water heater values are applied as proxy.
645
EIA Commercial Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for Middle Atlantic States, Table B4. Census
region and division, number of buildings (“Unknown” calculated as the number of homes with gas or fuel water
heating divided by the total number of buildings with electric, fuel oil or gas water heating.)
646
Ibid, water heater values are applied as proxy.
647
Per 10 CFR 431.110 (a).
648
‘2014-2015 State of the Self-Service Laundry Industry Report’ Carlo Calma April 2015.
649
Saving Energy and Water through State Programs for Clothes Washer Replacement in the Great Lakes region
650
Laundry Planning Guide, EDRO, January 2015.
651
652
8.0, February 2018.

Modified Energy Factor (ft3/kWh/cycle), is the quotient of the cubic foot (or liter) capacity of the
clothes container divided by the total clothes washer energy consumption per cycle, with such
energy consumption expressed as the sum of the machine electrical energy consumption, the hot
water energy consumption, and the energy required for removal of the remaining moisture in the
wash load.


The baseline equipment class should be determined based on existing conditions and the baseline
MEF should be based on that equipment class. If unknown or for new construction/installation, a
front-loading baseline should be assumed, as specified in the Code of Federal Regulations.654
Equipment Class Modified Energy Factor (MEFJ2) Integrated Water Factor (IWF)
Front-Loading 2.00 4.1

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified clothes washer. The equipment must
be a soft-mounted front-loading commercial clothes washer with a MEF of 2.20 and IWF ≤ 4.0
with a volume lesser than or equal to 8.0 cubic feet.
Operating Hours
Equipment operating days per year shall be taken from application. This assumption is applied to
produce conservative demand savings estimates.

A laundromat replaces 20 electric clothes washers with ENERGY STAR® qualified electric
soft-mounted front-loading clothes washers with 5 cu.ft. capacity, Modified Energy Factor of
2.45 and IWF of 3.8. The laundromat is open 250 days per year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑑𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 × ( − )
× [𝐹𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑟 + (𝐹𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 )]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × 24
653
A conservative approach that suggests savings are equally likely to occur at any time throughout the year.
654
10 CFR 431.156.


Cyclesdaily = 4.3, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Capacity = 5, from application
MEFbaseline = 2.00, from application
MEFee = 2.45, from Compliance Efficiency section
Fwasher = 0.08, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fwh = 0.33, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fdryer = 0.59, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ElecSFdryer = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ElecSFwh = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 20 × 4.3 × 250 × 5 × ( − ) × [0.08 + (0.33 × 1) + (0.59 × 1)]
2.00 2.45
= 9,872.44 𝑘𝑊ℎ
9,872
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1 = 1.64 𝑘𝑊
250 × 24

See Appendix P.


References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Clothes Washers,
Eligibility Criteria Version 8.0, February 2018.
Available from:
%208.0%20Clothes%20Washer%20Partner%20Commitments%20and%20Eligibility%2
0Criteria.pdf
2. ENERGY STAR® Certified Products, Appliances, Clothes Washers.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/clothes_washers


4. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B, Appendix J2 - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Automatic and Semi-automatic Clothes Washers.
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.j2
5. ENERGY STAR® Clothes Washers Key Product Criteria.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/clothes_washers/key_product_criteria/
6. EIA Commercial Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 Survey Data for Middle
Atlantic States.
Available from: https://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2018/#b3-b5
7. ‘2014-2015 State of the Self-Service Laundry Industry Report’ Carlo Calma April 2015.
Available from: https://americancoinop.com/articles/2014-2015-state-self-service-
laundry-industry-report-conclusion
8. Saving Energy and Water through State Programs for Clothes Washer Replacement in the
Great Lakes region.
Available from: https://www.aceee.org/files/pdf/white-paper/great-lakes-clothes-
washers.pdf
se10.3.431_1110
10. Laundry Planning Guide, EDRO, January 2015.
Available from: https://www.edrocorp.com/planning-guide.html
11. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). 2012. Technical Support Document: Energy
Efficiency Program for Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial Equipment:
Residential Clothes Washers. Prepared by Navigant Consulting, Inc. and Ernest Orlando
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Available from: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2012/05/31/2012-
12320/energy-conservation-program-energy-conservation-standards-for-residential-
clothes-washers
Record of Revision
3-21-9 4/9/2021

COMBINATION OVEN
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified gas or electric commercial
combination ovens.655 A combination oven combines the function of hot air convection, saturated
and superheating steam heating, and combination convection/steam mode for moist heating. The
oven is used for steaming, baking, roasting, re-thermalizing, and proofing of various food products.
A combination oven can also be referred to as a combi, combo, or combination oven/steamer.

Combination ovens come in a range of sizes based on their capacity to accommodate 12 x 20 x 2
1/2 inch hotel pans. This measure includes half size and full size combination ovens with a
minimum 5 pan capacity. Measure calculations are based on oven pan capacity of full size, 2 1/2
inch hotel pans.
Annual Electric Energy Savings (Electric Equipment Only)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

(∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑐 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑠 )
×
3,412
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings (Electric Equipment Only)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
(𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × ℎ𝑟𝑠)
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings (Fossil Fuel Equipment Only)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

×
1,000,000
where:
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × (𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑒𝑒 )

𝑙𝑏𝑠
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐 = [𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )
(𝑙𝑏𝑠⁄ℎ𝑟)𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑙𝑏𝑠
− 𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐,𝑒𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )] × (1 − 𝐹𝑠 )
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑐,𝑒𝑒
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Ovens, Eligibility Criteria
655

𝑙𝑏𝑠
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠 = [𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )
(𝑙𝑏𝑠⁄ℎ𝑟)𝑠,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑙𝑏𝑠
− 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠,𝑒𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )] × 𝐹𝑠
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑠,𝑒𝑒
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑐 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠 × 𝑄𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑑,𝑐 × ( − ) × (1 − 𝐹𝑠 )
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐,𝑒𝑒
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑠 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠 × 𝑄𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑑,𝑠 × ( − ) × 𝐹𝑠
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑠,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑠,𝑒𝑒
NOTE: ∆BTUpreheat, ∆BTUidle and ∆BTUcooking terms can be calculated per the equations above
using any combination of actual qualifying equipment specifications and assumed values as
defined in the Baseline Efficiencies, Compliance Efficiency and Operating Hours sections below,
or looked up from the Default Values table below.
where:
ΔBTUpreheat = Daily preheat energy savings
ΔBTUidle = Daily idle energy savings
ΔBTUcooking = Daily cooking energy savings
days = Operating days per year
hrs = Daily operating hours
c = Convection mode
s = Steam mode
BTUpreheat = Equipment preheat energy (BTU)
Npreheat = Number of preheats per day
hrspreheat = Preheat duration (hours)
BTU/hidle = Equipment idle energy rate (BTU/h)
(lbs/hr) = Equipment production capacity (lbs/hr)
lbs = Total daily food production
Qfood = Heat to food (BTU/lb)
Eff = Equipment convection/steam mode cooking efficiency
Fs = Steam mode time factor


Calculate based on calculations above or look up in
ΔBTUpreheat
Default Values table below.
ΔBTUidle,c
ΔBTUidle,s
ΔBTUcooking,c
ΔBTUcooking,s
From application or look up based on facility type in
days
hrs
Npreheat 1 Pacific Gas and Electric.656
Look up based on qualifying equipment type in Baseline
BTUpreheat,baseline
Efficiencies section below.
From application or look up based on qualifying
BTUpreheat,ee
equipment type in Compliance Efficiency section below.
BTU/hidle,c,baseline
BTU/hidle,s,baseline
BTU/hidle,c,ee
BTU/hidle,s,ee
hrspreheat 0.25 Pacific Gas and Electric.657
(lbs/hr)c,baseline
(lbs/hr)s,baseline
(lbs/hr)c,ee
(lbs/hr)s,ee
< 15 Pans: 200
lbs 15-28 Pans: 250 From application or use values provided.658
≥ 29 Pans: 400
656
Cal TF Workpaper SWFS003 Revision 1, pg. 8.
657
Ibid.
658
Ibid.


Qfood,c 250 Convection mode heat to food (BTU/lb).659
Qfood,s 105 Steam mode heat to food (BTU/lb).660
Effc,baseline
Effs,baseline
Effc,ee
Effs,ee
Fs 0.50 ENERGY STAR®.661
CF 0.9
Default Values
The table below contains values and simplified calculations for ∆BTUpreheat, ∆BTUidle and
∆BTUcooking terms that may be used in the formulation of estimated savings in lieu of utilizing the
calculations prescribed above for these terms. These values were established by performing those
calculations using assumed values from the Common Variables, Baseline Efficiencies and
Compliance Efficiency sections below.
Equipment ΔBTUpreheat ΔBTUidle,c ΔBTUidle,s ΔBTUcooking,c ΔBTUcooking,s

Combi Electric Oven, 5,612 x hrs -
5,118 36 x hrs -1,986 1,827 2,338
< 15 Pans662 11,848
Combi Electric Oven, 9,227 x hrs -
5,971 309 x hrs -1,481 2,284 2,922
15 - 20 Pans663 10,865
Combi Electric Oven, 2,133 x hrs - 11,089 x hrs -
5,971 3,434 6,563
21 - 28 Pans 7,997 25,519
Combi Electric Oven, 2,133 x hrs - 15,354 x hrs -
8,974 5,495 10,500
> 28 Pans 5,162 23,579
Combi Gas Oven, 5,073 x hrs -
5,000 911 x hrs -1,641 3,434 1,313
< 15 Pans664 5,887
Combi Gas Oven, 1,182 x hrs - 7,026 x hrs -
6,000 4,293 1,642
15 - 28 Pans665 2,942 11,564
8,000 507 x hrs -3,076 6,868 2,627
29 Pans666 15,924
8,000 788 x hrs -1,030 6,868 2,627
> 30 Pans667 14,021
659
ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Equipment Calculator (accessed 2/26/2018).
660
Ibid.
661
Ibid.
662
Assumes 10 pans.
663
Assumes 20 pans.
664
Assumes 10 pans.
665
Assumes 20 pans.
666
Assumes 29 pans.
667
Assumes 40 pans.



The baseline condition is a combination oven as defined in the Measure Description section above
with operating characteristics per the table below. Values are as reported from referenced
ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Calculator669 unless otherwise noted. Preheat energy
rates and all values for electric combi-ovens with capacities greater than 21 pans are reported from
referenced FSTC calculators.
BTUpreheat, BTU/hidle, BTU/hidle,

(lbs/hr) (lbs/hr) Eff Eff
Equipment baseline c,baseline s,baseline
c,baseline s,baseline c,baseline s,baseline
(BTU) (BTU/h) (BTU/h)
273 x no. 454 x no.
Combi Electric Oven,
10,236670 of pans + of pans + 79 126 0.76673 0.55674
< 15 Pans
1,702671 2,184672
273 x no. 454 x no.
12,795675 of pans + of pans + 166 295 0.76678 0.55679
15 - 20 Pans
1,702676 2,184677
12,795 12,795 42,650 100 150 0.65 0.40
21 - 28 Pans680
19,210 17,913 61,416 275 350 0.65 0.40
> 28 Pans681
150 x no. 200 x no.
Combi Gas Oven,
18,000682 of pans + of pans + 125 195 0.56685 0.41686
< 15 Pans
5,425683 6,511684
668
669
ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Equipment Calculator (accessed 2/26/2018)
670
671
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Ovens, Eligibility Criteria,
Version 2.2 via NYS Appliance Standards
672
Ibid.
673
Ibid.
674
Ibid.
675
676
677
Ibid.
678
Ibid.
679
Ibid.
680
681
Ibid.
682
683
684
Ibid.
685
Ibid.
686
Ibid.


Equipment baseline c,baseline s,baseline
c,baseline s,baseline c,baseline s,baseline
150 x no. 200 x no.
Combi Gas Oven,
22,000687 of pans + of pans + 176 211 0.56690 0.41691
15 - 28 Pans
5,425688 6,511689
150 x no. 200 x no.
Combi Gas Oven,
32,000692 of pans + of pans + 176 211 0.56695 0.41696
29 Pans
5,425693 6,511694
150 x no. 200 x no.
Combi Gas Oven,
32,000697 of pans + of pans + 392 579 0.56700 0.41701
> 30 Pans
5,425698 6,511699

The compliance condition is ENERGY STAR® food service equipment as defined in the Measure
Description section above. Operating characteristics shall be taken from application. When
unavailable, default characteristics shall be taken from the table below. Values are as reported from
the referenced ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Calculator702, unless otherwise noted.

Equipment ee c,ee s,ee
c,ee s,ee c,ee s,ee
283 x no. 454 x no. of
5,118703 pans + pans + 119 177 0.78706 0.55707
< 15 Pans
1,194704 2,184705
687
688
689
Ibid.
690
Ibid.
691
Ibid.
692
693
694
Ibid.
695
Ibid.
696
Ibid.
697
698
699
Ibid.
700
Ibid.
701
Ibid.
702
703
704
Version 3.0
705
Ibid.
706
Ibid.
707
Ibid.


c,ee s,ee c,ee s,ee
283 x no. 454 x no. of
6,824708 pans + pans + 201 349 0.78711 0.55712
15 - 20 Pans
1,194709 2,184710
283 x no. 454 x no. of
6,824 pans + pans + 125 200 0.78716 0.55717
21 - 28 Pans713
1,194714 2,184715
283 x no. 454 x no. of
10,236 pans + pans + 325 400 0.78721 0.55722
> 28 Pans718
1,194719 2,184720
140 x no. 200 x no. of
Combi Gas Oven,
13,000723 pans + pans + 124 172 0.57726 0.41727
< 15 Pans
3,800724 6,511725
140 x no. 200 x no. of
Combi Gas Oven,
16,000728 pans + pans + 210 277 0.57731 0.41732
15 - 28 Pans
3,800729 6,511730
708
709
Version 3.0
710
Ibid.
711
Ibid.
712
Ibid.
713
714
Version 3.0
715
Ibid.
716
Ibid.
717
Ibid.
718
719
Version 3.0
720
Ibid.
721
Ibid.
722
Ibid.
723
724
Version 3.0
725
Ibid.
726
Ibid.
727
Ibid.
728
729
Version 3.0
730
Ibid.
731
Ibid.
732
Ibid.


c,ee s,ee c,ee s,ee
140 x no. 200 x no. of
Combi Gas Oven,
24,000733 pans + pans + 210 277 0.57736 0.41737
29 Pans
3,800734 6,511735
140 x no. 200 x no. of
Combi Gas Oven,
24,000738 pans + pans + 394 640 0.57741 0.41742
≥ 30 Pans
3,800739 6,511740
Operating Hours
Equipment operating hours per day and days per year shall be taken from the application if known.
Default operating hours per day and days per year are provided below, established based on a
weighted average of values associated with similar facility types, as reported by the California
Energy Commission.743
Facility Type Hours/Day Days/Year
Community College 11 283
Fast Food 14 363
Full Service Restaurant 12 321
Grocery 12 365
Hospital 11 365
Hotel 20 365
Miscellaneous 9 325
Motel 20 365
Primary School 5 180
Secondary School 8 180
Small Office 12 250
University 11 283

An ENERGY STAR® qualified gas fired combination oven with 18 pan capacity is installed
in the kitchen of a hotel located near Albany that operates year round. Annual Electric Energy
733
734
Version 3.0
735
Ibid.
736
Ibid.
737
Ibid.
738
Cal TF Workpaper SWFS003 Revision 1, pg. 14..
739
Version 3.0
740
Ibid.
741
Ibid.
742
Ibid.
743
California Energy Commission, Characterizing the Energy Efficiency Potential of Gas-Fired Commercial
Foodservice Equipment, Appendix E.

Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
= 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
×
1,000,000
𝑙𝑏𝑠
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐 = [𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )
(𝑙𝑏𝑠⁄ℎ𝑟)𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑙𝑏𝑠
− 𝐵𝑇𝑈ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐,𝑒𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )]
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑐,𝑒𝑒
× (1 − 𝐹𝑠 )
𝑙𝑏𝑠
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠 = [𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )
(𝑙𝑏𝑠⁄ℎ𝑟)𝑠,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑙𝑏𝑠
− 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠,𝑒𝑒 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − )] × 𝐹𝑠
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑠,𝑒𝑒
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑐 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠 × 𝑄𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑑,𝑐 × ( − ) × (1 − 𝐹𝑠 )
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐,𝑒𝑒
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑠 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠 × 𝑄𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑑,𝑠 × ( − ) × 𝐹𝑠
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑠,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑠,𝑒𝑒

days = 365 days a year, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
hrs = 20 hours a day, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
hrspreheat = 0.25, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
lbs = 250, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources based on number of pans
Npreheat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
BTUpreheat,baseline = 12,795 BTU, from Baseline Efficiency section from which Energy Savings
are calculated
BTUpreheat,ee = 6,824 BTU, from Compliance Efficiency section from which Energy Savings
are calculated
BTUidle,c,baseline = 150 x no. of pans + 5,425 = 150 x 18 + 5,425 = 8,125 BTU, from Baseline
Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are calculated
BTUidle,c,ee = 150 x no. of pans + 5,425 = 150 x 18 + 5,425 = 8,125
no. of pans =18, from application
(lbs/hr)c,baseline = 166 lbs, from Baseline Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are
calculated

(lbs/hr)c,ee = 201, from Compliance Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are
calculated
Fs = 0.50, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
BTU/hidle,s,baseline = 29,719 from Baseline Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are
calculated
BTU/hidle,s,ee = 454 x no. of pans + 2,184 = 454 x 18 + 2,184 = 10,356
no. of pans =18, from application
(lbs/hr)s,baseline = 295 lbs from Baseline Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are
calculated
(lbs/hr)s,ee = 349, from Compliance Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are
calculated
Qfood,c = 250, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Effc,baseline = 0.72, from Baseline Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are calculated
Effc,ee = 0.76, from Compliance Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are calculated
Qfood,s = 150, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Effs,baseline = 0.49, from Baseline Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are calculated
Effs,ee = 0.55, from Compliance Efficiency section from which Energy Savings are calculated
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 1 × (12,795 − 6,824) = 5,971
250 250
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑐 = [7,779 × (20 − 1 × 0.25 − ) − 6,616 × (20 − 1 × 0.25 − )]
166 201
× (1 − 0.50) = 9741.37
250 250
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑠 = [29,719 × (20 − 1 × 0.25 − ) − 10,356 × (20 − 1 × 0.25 − )]
295 349
× 0.50 = 182,326
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑐 = 250 × 150 × ( − ) × (1 − 0.50) = 1,370.61
0.72 0.76
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑠 = 250 × 150 × ( − ) × 0.50 = 4174.40
0.49 0.55
(5,971 + 9741.37 + 182,326 + 1,370.61 + 4174.40)

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 365 ×
1,000,000
= 37.15 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

More efficient food service equipment rejects less heat into the condition space than standard
equipment, increasing space heating requirements while decreasing cooling load. However, no
relevant studies have been performed to date that would allow quantification of these impacts.
Until additional information is available, these impacts are excluded from the prescribed
formulation of savings.

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Ovens,
Eligibility Criteria Version 3.0, April 2022.
Available from:
ersion%203.0%20Commercial%20Ovens%20Final%20Specification.pdf
2. California Technical Forum, Workpaper SWFS003 Revision 1, October 2018.
3. ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Calculator (accessed February 26, 2018).
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/commercial_kitchen_equip
ment_calculator.xlsx
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/Commercial%20Ovens%2
0Final%20Version%202.2%20Specification.pdf
5. California Energy Commission, Energy Research and Development Division,
Characterizing the Energy Efficiency Potential of Gas-Fired Commercial Foodservice
Equipment, October 2014.
Available from:
https://csl.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?vid=01CSL_INST:CSL&searc
h_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma990015725870205115&lang=en
&context=L&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,csp-16-
07&offset=0
Record of Revision

3-18-19 3/29/2018
3-20-5 3/30/2020

CONVEYOR BROILER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of efficient fossil fuel-fired conveyor broilers. Conveyor
broilers are broilers fitted with a belt that transports food between a set of two or more heating
radiants that are above and below the belt, while consistently cooking the food. They are less labor
intensive than standard broilers while allowing high production output. Qualifying conveyor
broilers must have a catalyst and an input rate less than 80 kBTU/h or a dual stage or modulating
fuel valve with a capability of throttling the input rate below 80 kBTU/h.
Fossil fuel-fired conveyor broilers may also be equipped with an electric bun grill and/or electric
heating/warming elements. Fossil fuel-fired conveyor broilers are only eligible for electric savings
when equipped with an electric bun grill and/or electric heating/warming elements.
Annual Electric Energy Savings (Use only when efficient measure includes electric equipment as
described in Measure Description)
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings (Use only when efficient measure includes electric
equipment as described in Measure Description)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)
where:
(∆kWh/unit) = Annual electric energy savings per unit
(∆kW/unit) = Peak coincident demand electric savings per unit
(∆MMBtu/unit) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per unit

(∆kWh/unit) Look up from table below based on belt width.
(∆kW/unit) Look up from table below based on belt width.
(∆MMBtu/unit) Look up from table below based on belt width.

Unit Energy Savings744

Belt Width (inches) ∆kWh/unit ∆kW/unit ∆MMBtu/unit
< 20 inches 7,144 1.48 114.5
> 20 inches and < 28 inches 6,403 0.88 193.3
> 28 inches 23,849 3.29 316.1

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is N/A. Peak coincidence is embedded in ∆kW/unit
value above.

The baseline case for this measure is an automatic conveyor broiler capable of maintaining a
temperature above 600°F with a tested idle rate greater than 40 kBTU/h for a belt width narrower
than 20”, greater than 60 kBTU/h for a belt width between 20” and 28”, greater than 70 kBTU/h
for a belt width wider than 28”.

The compliance case is an automatic conveyor broiler with a catalyst and an input rate less than
80 kBTU/h, or a dual stage or modulating fuel valve with the capability of throttling the input rate
below 80 kBTU/h. The compliance broiler must be of similar size or smaller than the baseline
condition.
Operating Hours
Operating hours are embedded into the unit energy savings above. Market analysis found that
conveyor broilers are mostly installed in quick service restaurants and are turned on an hour prior
to their opening, resulting in an average operation of 18.3 hours per day.745

A restaurant in Syracuse installs a gas-fired conveyor broiler with 24 inch belt width. Annual
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)

ΔMMBtu/unit = 193.3, from Unit Energy Savings table based on belt width
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (193.3) = 193.3 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
744
Southern California Gas Company, Work Paper WPSCGNRCC171226A Commercial Conveyor Broilers, pg. 2
745
Technical Support Document: 50% Energy Savings for Quick-Service Restaurants. Hours of operation and daily
energy use were collected from field monitoring data conducted by PG&E and SoCalGas from four quick service
restaurant chains. Average hours from Figure 2.7 as cited in SoCalGas WPSCGNRCC171226A workpaper.


See Appendix P.


References
1. Southern California Gas Company, Work Paper WPSCGNRCC171226A Commercial
Conveyor Broilers, Revision 01, March 21, 2019.
2. Technical Support Document: 50% Energy Savings for Quick-Service Restaurants.
Available from:
http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-19809.pdf
Record of Revision
12-19-9 12/23/2019

DEHUMIDIFIER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of consumer-grade or residential duty dehumidifier products
(portable or integrated) in commercial and industrial facilities meeting the minimum qualifying
efficiency standards established under the ENERGY STAR® Program, Version 5.0, effective
October 31, 2019.746 With a higher Energy Factor than comparable non-qualified models,
ENERGY STAR® dehumidifiers have more efficient refrigeration coils, compressors, and fans
that use less energy to remove moisture in residential buildings. Dehumidifiers originally
qualified for the ENERGY STAR® label in January 2001. Dehumidifiers that have earned this
label are approximately 15% more efficient than non-qualified models. This measure is restricted
to dehumidifiers with a product moisture removal capacity of less than or equal to 185 pints/day.

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
pints/day = Product capacity to remove moisture (pints/day)
hrs = Annual run hours of dehumidifier
IEF = Integrated Energy Factor
0.473 = Conversion factor (liters/pint)
746
5.0, October 2019.


pints/day From application.
Look up based on type and product capacity (pints/day) or case
IEFbaseline
volume from Baseline Efficiencies section below.
From application or look up based on product capacity
IEFee
(pints/day) in Compliance Efficiency section below.
From application, if unknown, see operating hours section
hrs
below.
CF 0.56


The baseline condition is a portable or integrated dehumidifier meeting the minimum effective
federal standard for performance.
Dehumidifiers manufactured and distributed in commerce on or after June 13, 2019 must meet the
energy conservation standards shown in the tables below, rated in Integrated Energy Factor as
Portable Dehumidifiers
≤ 25.00 1.30
25.01 to 50.00 1.60
≥50.01 2.80
Integrated Dehumidifiers
(ft3) (liters/kWh)
≤ 8.0 ≥1.77
> 8.0 ≥2.41
747
as a proxy for CF.
748
10 CFR 430.32(v)(2).


The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified portable or integrated dehumidifier.749
Portable Dehumidifiers
≤ 25.00 ≥1.57
25.01 to 50.00 ≥1.80
≥50.01 ≥3.30
Integrated Dehumidifiers
(ft )
3 (liters/kWh)
≤ 8.0 ≥2.09
> 8.0 ≥3.30
Operating Hours
Annual operating hours shall be taken from application. If unknown, refer to the table below based
on equipment operation coincident with cooling system operating hours. Default HVAC system
load hours were developed from NOAA hourly normals by assuming a 65ºF balance point
temperature and summing dry bulb hours above the balance point.750 Operating hour assumptions
for facility types are described in Appendix A.
Facility/System
Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
Type
Assembly
1,489 1,169 1,394 1,334 1,671 1,636 1,471
Cooling Hours
Auto Repair
1,435 1,169 1,332 1,304 1,576 1,574 1,419
Cooling Hours
Big Box Retail
1,362 1,134 1,246 1,240 1,465 1,488 1,342
Cooling Hours
Community
College 1,019 792 972 915 1,167 1,128 1,015
Cooling Hours
Dormitory
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Cooling Hours
Elementary
School 925 712 890 829 1,074 1,023 923
Cooling Hours
Fast Food
Restaurant 1,685 1,303 1,572 1,448 2,052 1,823 1,644
Cooling Hours
Full-Service
Restaurant 1,690 1,346 1,554 1,440 1,892 1,812 1,649
Cooling Hours
749
5.0, October 2019.
750
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – NCEI 1991 - 2020 Hourly Normals.

Facility/System
Type
Grocery
1,601 1,243 1,499 1,401 1,946 1,739 1,565
Cooling Hours
High School
1,019 792 972 915 1,167 1,128 1,015
Cooling Hours
Hospital
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Cooling Hours
Hotel
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Cooling Hours
Large Office
918 745 870 839 1,033 1,014 917
Cooling Hours
Large Retail
1,483 1,206 1,376 1,333 1,636 1,611 1,462
Cooling Hours
Light Industrial
977 745 941 865 1,256 1,084 968
Cooling Hours
Motel
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Cooling Hours
Religious
856 729 783 788 914 937 843
Cooling Hours
Small Office
800 643 767 730 916 883 804
Cooling Hours
Small Retail
1,428 1,185 1,305 1,285 1,543 1,543 1,401
Cooling Hours
University
1,310 1,027 1,226 1,162 1,475 1,426 1,292
Cooling Hours
Warehouse
815 621 786 721 988 903 805
Cooling Hours

A commercial facility installs two residential duty portable dehumidifiers capable of removing
40 pints per day. It will run for 2,500 hours each year. Annual Electric Energy Savings,

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = ∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠

pints/day = 40, from application
IEFbaseline = 1.60, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on
application
IEFee = 1.80, Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application

40 × 0.473 × 2,500 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 2 × ×( − ) = 274 𝑘𝑊ℎ
24 1.60 1.80
274
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.56 = 0.061 𝑘𝑊
2,500

See Appendix P.


References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Dehumidifiers,
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/appliances/dehumidifiers/key_efficiency_criteria
2. A. Mendyk & D. Cautley, Dehumidifier Metering Study, Home Energy, January 5, 2011.
Available from: http://homeenergy.org/public/index.php/show/article/id/777/viewFull/
ap10.3.430_127.x1
Record of Revision
6-23-10 7/14/2023

DISHWASHER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified electric commercial
dishwashers. 751 A dishwasher is a machine designed to clean and sanitize plates, pots, pans,
glasses, cups, bowls, utensils, and trays by applying sprays of detergent solution (with or without
blasting media granules) and a sanitizing rinse. ENERGY STAR® rated machines consume less
water and use less energy while idling between wash cycles. Commercial dishwashers that have
earned the label are about 40% more energy efficient than comparable un-qualified models.752
This measure applies to stationary rack machines and conveyor machines operating at low or high
temperatures. This measure is not applicable to flight machines, which are custom-built,
continuous conveyor machines designed for use in large institutions.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟 ) + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 ]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [(∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑤ℎ × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟 )]
where:
ΔkWhwh = Annual electric water heating energy savings
ΔkWhbooster = Annual electric booster water heater energy savings
ΔkWhidle = Annual electric dishwasher idle energy savings
ElecSFbooster = Electric Savings Factor for booster water heaters
ΔMMBtuwh = Annual fossil fuel water heating energy savings
ΔMMBtubooster = Annual fossil fuel booster water heater energy savings
FuelSFbooster = Fossil Fuel Savings Factor for booster water heaters
751
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Dishwashers Eligibility Criteria
Version 3.0, July 2021..
752
Efficiency of ENERGY STAR® products: https://www.energystar.gov/products/commercial_dishwashers


Fpeak = Peak operation factor; binary variable to indicate whether equipment operates
during electric system peak (summer weekday hour ending at 5PM)

Look up based on Dishwasher Type in Default
ΔkWhwh
Values table below.
ΔkWhbooster
Values table below.
ΔkWhidle
Values table below.
Electric WH: 1
ElecSFwh
Fossil Fuel WH: 0
Electric Booster: 1
ElecSFbooster
Fossil Fuel Booster: 0
ΔMMBtuwh
Values table below.
ΔMMBTubooster
Values table below.
Electric WH: 0
FuelSFwh
Fossil Fuel WH: 1
Electric Booster: 0
FuelSFbooster
Fossil Fuel Booster: 1
From application. Default values use 6,570
hrs which assumes 18 hours of run time per day,
365 days per year.
Peak Operation: 1
Fpeak From application.
No Peak Operation: 0
CF 0.9
Default Values753
Elec. Fossil Fuel Fossil Fuel
Dishwasher Elec. Booster Dishwasher
DHW DHW Booster
Type (ΔkWhbooster) (ΔkWhidle)
(ΔkWhwh) (ΔMMBtuwh) (ΔMMBtubooster)
Low Temp,
Under 0 0 N/A N/A 1,415
Counter
753
Default values based on results of Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Commercial Kitchen Equipment
(accessed 8/8/2023).

Elec. Fossil Fuel Fossil Fuel

Dishwasher Elec. Booster Dishwasher
DHW DHW Booster
Type (ΔkWhbooster) (ΔkWhidle)
(ΔkWhwh) (ΔMMBtuwh) (ΔMMBtubooster)
Low Temp,
Stationary
0 0 N/A N/A 1,204
Single Tank
Door
Low Temp,
Single Tank 0 0 N/A N/A 3,796
Conveyor
Low Temp,
Multi-Tank 0 0 N/A N/A 5,475
Conveyor
High Temp,
Under 0 0 0 0 1,132
Counter
High Temp,
Stationary
0 0 0 0 730
Single Tank
Door
High Temp,
Single Tank 0 0 0 0 1,752
Conveyor
High Temp,
Multi-Tank 0 0 0 0 2,336
Conveyor
High Temp,
Pot, Pan, 0 0 0 0 438
and Utensil


The baseline condition is a commercial dishwasher as defined in the Measure Description section
above with type equivalent to the efficient case. Baseline specifications for idle energy rate,
measured in kW, and water consumption, measured in gallons per rack (GPR), used in the
formulation of default savings values are provided in the table below.755
754
PG&E Work Paper PGECOFST126 Revision 0, Table 10, pg. 18.
755
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Dishwashers Eligibility
Criteria Version 2.0 via NYS Appliance Standards.

High Temp Low Temp

Water Water
Machine Type Idle Energy Idle Energy
Consumption Consumption
Rate (kW) Rate (kW)
(GPR) (GPR)
Under Counter ≤ 0.50 ≤ 0.86 ≤ 0.50 ≤ 1.19
Stationary Single
≤ 0.70 ≤ 0.89 ≤ 0.60 ≤ 1.18
Tank Door
Single Tank
≤ 1.50 ≤ 0.70 ≤ 1.50 ≤ 0.79
Conveyor
Multiple Tank
≤ 2.25 ≤ 0.54 ≤ 2.00 ≤ 0.54
Conveyor
Pot, Pan, Utensil ≤ 1.20 ≤ 0.58 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 0.58

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® rated commercial dishwasher as defined in the
Measure Description section above. Compliance specifications for idle energy rate, measured in
kW, and water consumption, measured in gallons per rack (GPR) used in the formulation of default
savings values are provided in the table below.756
High Temp Low Temp

Water Water
Machine Type Idle Energy Idle Energy
Consumption Consumption
Rate (kW) Rate (kW)
(GPR) (GPR)
Under Counter ≤ 0.30 ≤ 0.86 ≤ 0.25 ≤ 1.19
Stationary Single
≤ 0.55 ≤ 0.89 ≤ 0.30 ≤ 1.18
Tank Door
Single Tank
≤ 1.20 ≤ 0.70 ≤ 0.85 ≤ 0.79
Conveyor
Multiple Tank
≤ 1.85 ≤ 0.54 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 0.54
Conveyor
Pot, Pan, Utensil ≤ 0.90 ≤ 0.58 N/A N/A
Although the compliance requirements specified below do not impact estimated energy savings
ENERGY STAR® program specifications also impose maximum energy consumption per the
table below.
Machine Type High Temp Low Temp

Under Counter ≤ 0.35 kWh/rack ≤ 0.15 kWh/rack
Stationary Single Tank Door ≤ 0.35 kWh/rack ≤ 0.15 kWh/rack
Single Tank Conveyor ≤ 0.36 kWh/rack ≤ 0.16 kWh/rack
Multiple Tank Conveyor ≤ 0.36 kWh/rack ≤ 0.22 kWh/rack
Pot, Pan, Utensil ≤ 0.55 + 0.05 x SFrack N/A
756
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Dishwashers Eligibility
Criteria Version 3.0

Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application. Default savings assumes that dishwashers are
available for operation 18 hours per day, 365 days per year.757

An ENERGY STAR® qualified electric high temp under counter dishwasher is installed in a
hotel in NYC that operates for 6,000 hours a year including peak hours. Annual Fossil Fuel
Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
× [(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑤ℎ × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑤ℎ ) + (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹𝑏𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟 ) + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 ]
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

ΔkWhwh = 0, from Default Values table based on dishwasher type
ΔkWhbooster = 0, from Default Values table based on dishwasher type
ΔkWhidle = 1,132, from Default Values table based on dishwasher type
ElecSFwh = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on type of fuel
ElecSFbooster = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on type of fuel
Fpeak = 1, from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × [(0 × 1) + (0 × 1) + 1,471] = 1,471 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,471
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1 × 0.9 = 0.220 𝑘𝑊
6,000

See Appendix P.

757
Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Commercial Kitchen Equipment (accessed 2/4/2018).

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial
Dishwashers Eligibility Criteria Version 3.0, July 2021.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/Commercial%20Dishwashers%20Version
%203.0%20Specification%20%28Rev.%20-%20September%202021%29.pdf
2. ENERGY STAR® Certified Products, Commercial Food Service Equipment,
Commercial Dishwashers.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/commercial_dishwashers
3. Pacific Gas & Electric Company, Work Paper PGECOFST126 Energy Efficient Door-
Type Commercial Dishwashers, Revision 0, November 2015.
Available from: www.deeresources.net/workpapers
4. Savings calculator for ENERGY STAR® Commercial Kitchen Equipment, accessed
February 4, 2018.
Available from:
http://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/commercial_kitchen_equip
ment_calculator.xlsx
5. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Dishwashers Eligibility
Criteria Version 3.0 June 21, 2021
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/spec/commercial_dishwashers_specification_versio
n_3_0_pd
Record of Revision
6-18-18 6/26/2018

ELECTRIC DECK OVEN

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of efficient electric deck ovens. Commercial deck ovens cook
food directly placed on the floor of a heater chamber. The bottom of each compartment is called a
deck and heat is typically supplied by burners or elements located beneath the deck. The oven
ceiling, floor, and walls are designed to absorb heat quickly and radiate that heat back slowly and
evenly.758 Deck ovens are available in various sizes measured by the surface area of the oven cavity
floor. Sizes range from approximately 1,000 in2 to 2,200 in2. Deck ovens are typically stackable
to allow for multiple ovens on a single floor space.759
Qualifying deck ovens must be rated according to ASTM Standard Test Method for Performance
of Deck Ovens F1965-99,760 and must meet or exceed a minimum of 60% cooking efficiency.
(∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 )

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 ×
3,412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
where:
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = (𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑒𝑒 )

𝑙𝑏𝑠
× [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 ) − ( )]
𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠 × 𝑄𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑑 × ( − )
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
758
759
Cal TF Workpaper SWFS009-01 Revision 1, pg 2.
760
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2010. ASTM F1965-17, Standard Test Method for the
Performance of Deck Ovens, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.

using any combination of actual qualifying equipment specifications and assumed values as
defined in the Baseline Efficiencies, Compliance Efficiency and Operating Hours sections below,
or looked up from the Default Values table below.
where:
units = Number of units installed
lbs/hr = Equipment production capacity (lbs/hr)
Eff = Equipment convection/steam mode cooking efficiency

Calculate based on calculations above or look up in Default
ΔBTUpreheat
Values table below.
ΔBTUidle
Values table below.
ΔBTUcooking
Values table below.
days
hrs
Npreheat 1 California Technical Forum Workpaper.761
BTUpreheat,baseline Look up in Baseline Efficiencies section below.
From application or look up in Compliance Efficiency section
BTUpreheat,ee
below.
761
Cal TF Workpaper SWFS009-01 Revision 1, pg. 8.


BTU/hidle,baseline Look up in Baseline Efficiencies section below.
BTU/hidle,ee
below.
hrspreheat 0.50 California Technical Forum.762
lbs 200 From application or use value provided.763
lbs/hr From application. If unknown, use 60 as default.
Eff,baseline Look up in Baseline Efficiencies section below.
Effee
below.
Qfood 250 Heat to food (BTU/lb).764
CF 0.9
Default Values
∆BTUcooking terms that may be used in the formulation of estimated savings in lieu of utilizing the
calculations prescribed above for these terms. These values were established by performing those
calculations using assumed values from the Summary of Variables and Data Sources above and
Baseline Efficiencies and Compliance Efficiency sections below.
Equipment ΔBTUpreheat ΔBTUidle ΔBTUcooking

Deck Oven, Electric 11,942 2,047 x hrs – 7,848 41,667


The baseline condition is an electric oven as defined in the Measure Description section above
with operating characteristics per the table below.766
BTUpreheat,baseline BTU/hidle,baseline
Equipment lbs/hr Effbaseline
(BTU) (BTU/h)
Deck Oven, Electric 22,178 6,483 60 0.40

The compliance condition is an electric deck oven meeting or exceeding a minimum of 60%
cooking efficiency. Operating characteristics shall be taken from application. When unavailable,
762
Ibid, pg. 8.
763
Ibid, pg. 8.
764
Ibid, pg. 8.
765
Ibid, pg. 9.
766
Ibid, pg. 3.

default characteristics shall be taken from the table below. Performance specifications are as
reported from the referenced California Technical Forum workpaper.767
BTUpreheat,ee BTU/hidle,ee
Equipment lbs/hr Effee
(BTU) (BTU/h)
Deck Oven, Electric 10,236 4,436 60 0.60
Operating Hours

Fast Food 14 363
Grocery 12 365
Hospital 11 365
Hotel 20 365
Miscellaneous 9 325
Motel 20 365
Small Office 12 250
University 11 283

Two electric deck ovens are installed in a secondary school in Syracuse. The electric deck
ovens have 250 lb/day cooking capacity with 65 lbs/hr output. The ovens consume 11 kBTU
while preheating and their idle energy rate is 4,879 BTU/h. The deck ovens have an efficiency
rating of 65%. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy
Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.

3,412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
Cal TF workpaper SWFS009-01, pg. 3.

767
768

∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = (𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑒𝑒 )

𝑙𝑏𝑠
× [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 ) − ( )]
𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟
1 1

hrs = 8, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
days = 180, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
Npreheat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
BTUpreheat,baseline = 22,178 BTU, from Baseline Efficiencies from which energy savings are
calculated
BTUpreheat,ee = 11,000 BTU, from application
BTU/hidle,baseline = 6,483 BTU/h, from Baseline Efficiencies from which energy savings are
calculated
BTU/hidle,ee = 4,879 BTU/h, from application
hrspreheat = 0.50, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
lbs = 250, from application
lbs/hr = 65, from application
Qfood = 250 BTU/lb, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Effbaseline = 0.40, from Baseline Efficiencies from which energy savings are calculated
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 1 × (22,178 − 11,000) = 11,178
250
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = (6,483 − 4,879) × [8 − (1 × 0.5) − ( )] = 5,860.77
65
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 250 × 250 × ( − ) = 60096.15
0.4 0.65
(11,178 + 5,860.77 + 60096.15)

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 2 × 180 × = 8,138.50 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412
8,138.50
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.9 = 5.09 𝑘𝑊
(8 × 180)

See Appendix P.



References
Eligibility Criteria Version 3.0, January 2023.
Available from:
ersion%203.0%20Commercial%20Ovens%20Final%20Specification.pdf?_gl=1*tuw2y1
*_ga*Mjc4Mzg4OTEuMTY5Mjg4NzI2Mw..*_ga_S0KJTVVLQ6*MTY5MzMzMzcxN
S41LjEuMTY5MzMzMzg3MS4wLjAuMA
2. California Technical Forum, Workpaper SWFS009-01, January 2020.
3. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2010. ASTM F1965-17, Standard
Test Method for the Performance of Deck Ovens, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM
International.
Record of Revision
12-20-5 12/31/2020

FIREPLACE
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of direct-vented, gas fireplaces with fireplace efficiency (FE)
greater than or equal to 70% tested in accordance with the Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
CSA-P.4.1-15 method and electric, intermittent pilot lights. This measure is only applicable to the
installation of gas fireplaces for use as a supplemental heat source.
This analysis leverages the DOE Technical Support Document (TSD) for baseline fireplaces and
pilot lights and a survey of US utilities for efficient fireplaces.
where:
∆kWhPilotLight = Change in electric consumption of pilot light
kBTUhout = Output capacity of fireplace in kBTU/h
FE = Rated efficiency of fireplace
hrs = Annual operating hours of fireplace
∆MMBtuPilotLight = Change in fossil fuel consumption of pilot light


Baseline direct, vented gas fireplaces with a standing pilot
light consumes no electric energy but consumes gas
∆kWhPilotLight -13.6
energy. Intermittent pilot lights consume electricity but
save gas.769
kBTUhout From application.
FEbaseline 0.50 Average efficiency of baseline fireplace.770
FEee From application.
From application. If unknown, facility open hours during
hrs
the heating season may be used as a default.
Average MMBtu savings from switching from baseline,
∆MMBtuPilotLight 3.49
standing pilot light to intermittent pilot light.771

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is N/A. While there is an electric energy penalty
due to the intermittent pilot light, there are no recommended demand savings due to fireplaces
being operated during the heating season.772

The baseline fireplace, as defined by DOE, is a direct-vented, gas fireplace with an FE of 50%
shall be tested in accordance with CSA P.4.1-15 and a standing pilot light.

The compliance condition is a direct-vented gas fireplace with an FE of 70% or greater tested in
accordance with the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) CSA-P.4.1-15 method and an
intermittent pilot light.
Operating Hours
Operating hours of baseline and energy efficient fireplaces shall come from application.
769
DOE Technical Support Document, Table 7.4.1: Average Annual Energy Consumption and Savings for Hearth
Products.
770
2021 ASAP Model Bill, and via NYS Appliance Standards.
771
DOE Technical Support Document, Table 7.4.1: Average Annual Energy Consumption and Savings for Hearth
Products.
772
Standards for Hearth Products. Chapters 7 and 8. The most common form of electronic ignition system found in
hearth products is the intermittent pilot ignition. In an intermittent pilot ignition, the pilot light is only lit when there
is a call for heat, and the pilot light is automatically extinguished after the burner is turned off. In order to ignite the
pilot light, these systems require an outside power source, often supplied by either a battery or an electrical
connection.


A commercial building in NYC installs a 90 kBTU/h direct vented gas fireplace with 80%
efficiency that operates for 157 hours per year. The intermittent pilot light in the efficient
fireplace consumes electricity but the fireplace saves gas. Summer Peak Coincident Demand

∆kWhPilotLight = -13.6, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
∆MMBtuPilotLight = 3.49, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
kBTUhout = 90 kBTU/h, from application
FEbasline = 0.50, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
FEee = 0.80, from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × −13.6 = −13.6 𝑘𝑊ℎ
90 1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × [ ×( − ) × 157 + 3.49] = 14.1 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000 0.50 0.80

See Appendix P.



References
1. Technical Support Document: Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products:
Energy Conservation Standards for Hearth Products. Chapters 7 and 8. Department of
Energy (DOE). January 30, 2015.
Available from: https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2014-BT-STD-0036-
0002.
3. 2021 Appliance Standards Awareness Project Model Bill
4. Canadian Standards Association (CSA) CSA-P.4.1-15
Available from: https://www.csagroup.org/store/product/CAN-CSA-P.4.1-15/
A survey of US utilities offering rebates for high efficiency fireplaces and/or fireplaces with
intermittent pilot lights found the minimum qualifying FE to be 70%. Utilities and organizations
include Energy Trust of Oregon, CenterPoint Energy, Puget Sound Energy, Minnesota Energy
Resources, and Dominion Energy Utah. Retrieved using E-Source.
Record of Revision
7-20-9 7/31/2020

ICE MAKER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified ice makers. Ice makers are
factory-made assemblies consisting of a condensing unit and ice-making section operating as an
integrated unit, with means for making and harvesting ice. This measure includes batch-type (cube
type) and continuous-type (flake or nugget type) ice makers. Batch-type ice makers have distinct
freezing and harvesting periods whereas continuous-type ice makers produce ice through a
continuous freezing and harvesting process. Ice makers that have earned the ENERGY STAR®
label use approximately 11% less energy and 25% less water than comparable non-qualified
models.773
This measure covers ice making head, remote condensing, and self-contained air-cooled ice
makers. Water-cooled ice makers, ice and water dispensing systems, and air-cooled remote
condensing units that are designed only for connection to remote rack compressors are not eligible
for energy savings.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 – 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 365 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × (𝐼𝐻𝑅/100)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
where:
kWh = Daily electric energy consumption per 100 pounds of ice
Cycle = Compressor duty cycle
IHR = Rated Ice Harvest Rate (lbs/day) of the energy efficient ice maker
100 = Factor to convert IHR to units of 100 lbs/day
773
ENERGY STAR® Ice Machine Key Product Criteria.


Look up based on efficient Equipment Type and Ice Harvest
kWhbaseline
Rate from Baseline Efficiency section below.
From application. If unknown, look up based on efficient
kWhee Equipment Type and Ice Harvest Rate from Compliance
IHR Rated capacity of efficient ice maker from application.
Cycle 0.75 Compressor duty cycle.774
CF 0.9


The baseline condition is a commercial ice maker as defined in the Measure Description section
above with Equipment Type and Ice Harvest Rate equivalent to the efficient case. Baseline daily
energy use per 100 lbs of ice shall be established based on efficient equipment Ice Harvest Rate in
accordance with current federal standards for batch type776 and continuous type777 ice makers, as
specified in the Code of Federal Regulations and provided in the table below.
Maximum Daily Energy

Ice Harvest Rate
Equipment Type Use per 100 lbs
(IHR)
(kWhbaseline)
Batch Type, Ice-Making Head < 300 10 - 0.01233 x IHR
Batch Type, Ice-Making Head ≥ 300 and < 800 7.05 - 0.0025 x IHR
Batch Type, Ice-Making Head ≥ 800 and < 1,500 5.55 - 0.00063 x IHR
Batch Type, Ice-Making Head ≥ 1500 and < 4,000 4.61
Batch Type, Remote Condensing < 988 7.97 - 0.00342 x IHR
Batch Type, Remote Condensing ≥ 988 and < 4,000 4.59
Batch Type, Self-Contained < 110 14.79 - 0.0469 x IHR
Batch Type, Self-Contained ≥ 110 and < 200 12.42 - 0.02533 x IHR
Batch Type, Self-Contained ≥ 200 and < 4,000 7.35
Continuous Type, Ice-Making Head < 310 9.19 - 0.00629 x IHR
Continuous Type, Ice-Making Head ≥ 310 and < 820 8.23 - 0.0032 x IHR
Continuous Type, Ice-Making Head ≥ 820 and < 4,000 5.61
Continuous Type, Remote Condensing < 800 9.7 - 0.0058 x IHR
774
PG&E Work Paper SWFS006-01, pg. 9.
775
776
10 CFR 431.136 (c).
777
10 CFR 431.136 (d).


Ice Harvest Rate
Equipment Type Use per 100 lbs
(IHR)
(kWhbaseline)
Continuous Type, Remote Condensing ≥ 800 and < 4,000 5.06
Continuous Type, Self-Contained < 200 14.22 - 0.03 x IHR
Continuous Type, Self-Contained ≥ 200 and < 700 9.47 - 0.00624 x IHR
Continuous Type, Self-Contained ≥ 700 and < 4,000 5.1

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified commercial ice maker as defined in
the Measure Description above. Efficient condition daily energy use per 100 pounds of ice are
established based on efficient equipment Ice Harvest Rate in accordance with ENERGY STAR®
maximum qualifying specifications, as shown in the table below.778
Potable
Maximum Daily
Ice Harvest Rate Water Use
Equipment Type Energy Use per 100 lbs
(IHR) (gal/100 lbs
(kWhee)
ice)
Batch Type, Ice-Making
< 300 9.20 - 0.01134 x IHR < 20.0
Head
≥ 300 and < 800 6.49 - 0.0023 x IHR < 20.0
Head
≥ 800 and < 1,500 5.11 - 0.00058 x IHR < 20.0
Head
≥ 1500 and < 4,000 4.24 < 20.0
Head
Batch Type, Remote
< 988 7.17 - 0.00308 x IHR < 20.0
Condensing
Batch Type, Remote
≥ 988 and < 4,000 4.13 < 20.0
Condensing
Batch Type, Self-Contained < 110 12.57 - 0.0399 x IHR < 25.0
Batch Type, Self-Contained ≥ 110 and < 200 10.56 - 0.0215 x IHR < 25.0
Batch Type, Self-Contained ≥ 200 and < 4,000 6.25 < 25.0
Continuous Type, Ice-
< 310 7.90 - 0.005409 x IHR < 15.0
Making Head
≥ 310 and < 820 7.08 - 0.002752 x IHR < 15.0
Making Head
≥ 820 and < 4,000 4.82 < 15.0
Making Head
Continuous Type, Remote
< 800 7.76 - 0.00464 x IHR < 15.0
Condensing
778
ENEGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Automatic Commercial Ice Makers, Eligibility
Criteria Version 3.0, January 2018.

Potable
Maximum Daily
Ice Harvest Rate Water Use
Equipment Type Energy Use per 100 lbs
(IHR) (gal/100 lbs
(kWhee)
ice)
Continuous Type, Remote
≥ 800 and < 4,000 4.05 < 15.0
Condensing
Continuous Type, Self-
< 200 12.37 - 0.0261 x IHR < 15.0
Contained
≥ 200 and < 700 8.24 - 0.005429 x IHR < 15.0
Contained
≥ 700 and < 4,000 4.44 < 15.0
Contained
Operating Hours
Commercial ice makers are assumed to be available for operation 24 hours per day, 365 days per
year with a compressor duty cycle of 0.75.779

An ENERGY STAR® qualified continuous-type ice making head ice machine with ice harvest
rate of 500 lb/day is installed in a hotel in NYC. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 – 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 365 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × (𝐼𝐻𝑅/100)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760 × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒

kWhbaseline = 8.23 – 0.0032 x IHR = 8.32 – 0.0032 x 500 = 6.72 kWh
kWhbaseline equation based on Maximum Daily Energy use per 100lbs based on baseline
equipment type
IHR = 500, from application
kWhee = 7.08 – 0.002752 x IHR =7.08 – 0.002752 x 500 = 5.704 kWh
kWhee equation based on Maximum Daily Energy use per 100lbs based on ENERGY
STAR® qualified equipment type
cycle = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
500
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (6.73– 5.704) × 365 × 0.75 × ( ) = 1390.65 𝑘𝑊ℎ
100
779

1390.65
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.9 = 0.19 𝑘𝑊
8,760 × 0.75

See Appendix P.

Efficient ice makers reject less heat than standard equipment, increasing space heating
requirements while decreasing cooling load, when located inside a conditioned area. However, this
interactivity is considered negligible for the installation of an air-cooled ice maker and is not
included in the energy savings calculation.

Efficient ice makers reject less heat than standard equipment, increasing space heating
requirements while decreasing cooling load, when located inside a conditioned area. However, this
interactivity is considered negligible for the installation of an air-cooled ice maker and is not
included in the energy savings calculation.
References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Automatic
Commercial Ice Makers Eligibility Criteria Version 3.0, January 2018.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/Final%20V3.0%20ACIM
%20Specification%205-17-17_1_1.pdf
2. ENERGY STAR® Certified Products, Commercial Ice Makers.
Available from: https://www.energystar.gov/products/commercial_ice_makers
3. Pacific Gas & Electric Work Paper SWFS006-01 Commercial Ice Machines, January,
2020.
Available from: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-10/section-431.136
Record of Revision
6-18-19 6/26/2018

INDUCTION COOKTOPS
Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the replacement of electric resistance and fossil fuel cooktops with
electric induction cooktops in restaurant and cafeteria settings. Induction cooktops heat food faster,
are easier to clean, are less likely to burn those using them, and have a higher cooking efficiency
than electrical resistance stoves.780 Conventional commercial cooktops typically employ fossil fuel
or resistance heating elements to transfer energy with efficiencies of approximately 42% and 74%
respectively. Commercial induction cooking tops instead consist of an electromagnetic coil that
creates a magnetic field when supplied with an electric current. When brought into this field,
compatible cookware is warmed internally, transferring energy with approximately 88%
efficiency.781 This measure is intended for and assumes one-for-one replacement/displacement of
existing equipment or assumed baseline, consistent with the conventional assumption for
prescriptive measures.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑏𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 )

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑏𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 × × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑏𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
units = Number of cooktops installed
burners = Number of burners per cooktop
kWhbaseline = Daily electrical energy consumption per burner of electric baseline cooktop
FElec,baseline = Electric factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an electric cooktop
in the baseline condition
kWhee = Daily electrical energy consumption per burner of induction cooktop
hrs = Operating hours
780
Sweeney, Micah, Jeff Dols, Brian Fortenbery, and Frank Sharp. Induction Cooking Technology Design and
Assessment. 2014. ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings.
781
Food Service Technology Center, Vollrath HIDC/HIMC Induction Range Comparison Appliance Test Report,
FSTC Report #501311088-R0, December 2013, Table 1.

MMBtubaseline = Daily energy consumption per burner of fossil fuel baseline cooktop
FFuel,baseline = Fossil fuel factor; used to account for the presence or absence of a fossil fuel-
fired cooktop in the baseline condition

burners From application.
From application. If unknown for electric stoves, use
kWhbaseline
kWhbaseline = 19.3 kWh.782
Use a value of 1.0 if the baseline cooktop is electric.
FElec,baseline
Otherwise, use 0.0.
kWhee From application. If unknown, use 14.2 kWh.783
days
hrs
MMBtubaseline From application. If unknown, use 0.147 MMBtu.784
Use a value of 1.0 is the baseline cooktop is fossil fuel.
FFuel,baseline
Otherwise, use 0.0.
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is a standalone electric resistance or fossil fuel fired cooktop.
782
FSTC Report #501311088-R0, December 2013, Table 8 and 9. Energy consumption values for all fuel types are
computed by averaging the provided daily energy consumption values for the cook to order and buffet style
restaurants and then dividing by an assumed 6 burners per range.
783
784
785


The compliance condition is an induction cooktop with compatible cookware installed in
restaurant and cafeteria settings in a facility of one of the types specified in the Operating Hours
section below.
Operating Hours

Fast Food 14 363
Hospital 20 365
University 11 283

A full-service restaurant in Albany replaces a gas cooktop with a 6 burner induction range
with an assumed daily consumption of 14.2 kWh per burner. The assumed consumption of the
existing gas range is 0.147 MMBtu per burner. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Annual Fossil
Fuel Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑏𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 )

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑏𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 × × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑏𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
units= 1, from application

burners = 6, from application
days = 321, from Operating Hours section
kWhbaseline = 0 (existing equipment is gas-fired)
kWhee = 14.2, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
MMBtubaseline = 0.147, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FElec,baseline = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FFuel,baseline = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
hrs = 12, from Operating Hours section
786

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 6 × 321 × (0 × 0 − 14.2) = −27,349.20 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(0 × 0 − 14.2)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 6 × × 0.8 = −5.68 𝑘𝑊
12
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 6 × 321 × 0.147 × 1 = 283.12 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

Induction cooktops expel less heat than standard cooktops. However, it is assumed a substantial
portion of the baseline excess heat would be vented through the kitchen exhaust so interactive
HVAC savings and impacts are assumed to be marginal and excluded from this measure.

Induction cooktops expel less heat than standard cooktops. However, it is assumed a substantial
portion of the baseline excess heat would be vented through the kitchen exhaust fans so interactive
HVAC savings and impacts are assumed to be marginal and excluded from this measure.
Decreased ventilation fan run time and decreased cooktop hours of use are anticipated for this
measure, however there is not sufficient available information to quantify this impact. Until
savings.
References
1. Sweeney, Micah, Jeff Dols, Brian Fortenbery, and Frank Sharp. Induction Cooking
Technology Design and Assessment. 2014. ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency
in Buildings.
Available from: https://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/2014/data/papers/9-702.pdf
2. Food Service Technology Center, Vollrath HIDC/HIMC Induction Range Comparison
Appliance Test Report, FSTC Report #501311088-R0, December 2013.
Available from: https://caenergywise.com/report-library/induction-
appliances/Vollrath_HIDC-HIMC_Induction_Range_Comparison.pdf
Available from:

07&offset=0
Record of Revision
6-22-16 9/2/2022

INFRARED CHARBROILER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of infrared charbroilers. A charbroiler, also known as a
chargrill or simply a broiler, contains a heat source underneath a sturdy grate to cook food. An
infrared charbroiler operates through radiant rather than a combination of convective and radiant
heat transfer.
(∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 ×
1,000,000
where:
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = (𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = (𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 )
where:
BTU/hpreheat = Equipment preheat energy rate (BTU/h)
BTU/hcooking = Equipment cooking energy rate (BTU/h)
Cycle = Duty cycle


hrscooking = Daily operating hours excluding preheat time

FSTC Gas Broiler Life-Cycle Cost
BTU/hpreheat,baseline 64,000
Calculator.787
BTU/hpreheat,ee 54,000
Calculator.788
From application. Otherwise, look up
based on facility type in the
hrs
Hours/Day column of the Operating
Hours table below.
hrspreheat 0.25
Calculator.790
hrscooking = ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (ℎ𝑟𝑠preheat × 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 )
BTU/hcooking,baseline 140,000
Calculator.791
BTU/hcooking,ee 105,000
Calculator.792
Cycle 0.8
Calculator.793
From application or look up based on
days facility type in the Days/Year column
of the Operating Hours table below.

The prescribed coincidence factor is N/A

The baseline case for this measure is a charbroiler that contains a heat source underneath a sturdy
grate to cook food with a combination of radiant, conductive, and convective heat.
787
FSTC Gas Broiler Life-Cycle Cost Calculator
788
Ibid.
789
Ibid.
790
Ibid.
791
Ibid.
792
Ibid.
793
Ibid.


The compliance case is a charbroiler with infrared heating elements.

Operating Hours

Fast Food 14 363
Grocery 12 365
Hospital 11 365
Hotel 20 365
Miscellaneous 9 325
Motel 20 365
Small Office 12 250
University 11 283

An infrared charbroiler is installed in a hotel kitchen in NYC. Annual Electric Energy Savings
and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
(∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 + ∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
1,000,000
where:
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = (𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = (𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔
794

ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 )

days = 356 days/year, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
BTU/hpreheat,baseline = 64,000 BTU/h, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
BTU/hpreheat,ee = 54,000 BTU/h, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
hrspreheat = 0.25, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
BTU/hcooking,baseline = 140,000 BTU/h, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
BTU/hcooking,ee = 105,000 BTU/h, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Cycle = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
hrs = 20 hours/day, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = (64,000 − 54,000) × 1 × 0.25 = 2,500
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 20 − (0.25 × 1) = 19.75
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = (140,000 − 105,000) × 0.8 × 19.75 = 553,000
(2,500 + 553,000)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 365 × = 202.76 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000

See Appendix P.



References
1. Food Service Technology Center Gas Broiler Life-Cycle Cost Calculator (accessed
September 15, 2023).
Available from: https://fishnick.com/saveenergy/tools/calculators/fe3/gbroilercalc.html
Available from:
07&offset=0
Record of Revision
12-19-10 12/23/2019

INFRARED SALAMANDER BROILER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of fossil fuel-fired, commercial standalone infrared
salamander broilers. Infrared broilers operate through radiant rather than convective heat
transfer. Salamander broilers are used for broiling, browning, caramelizing, glazing, grilling, and
toasting. Also known as back shelf broilers, they are particularly common for searing proteins
such as beef and chicken.
(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠

1,000
where:
units = Number of infrared salamander broilers installed under the program
kBTU/h = Heating capacity input rating
cycle = Broiler duty cycle

kBTU/hbaseline From application, or use 38.5 as default795
kBTU/hee From application.
cycle From application, or use 0.7 as default796
795
Derived by taking the average rated salamander broiler from FSTC Commercial Cooking Appliance Technology
Assessment, Table 4-3.
796
FSTC Commercial Cooking Appliance Technology Assessment, Table 4-3.


hrs From application, or use 2,496 as default797


The baseline case for this measure is an existing fossil fuel-fired salamander broiler without
infrared burners.

The compliance case is the installation of a fossil fuel-fired salamander broiler with infrared
burners.
Operating Hours
The annual operating hours for infrared salamander broilers will be site-specific and taken from
the application. If unknown, the annual operating hours of infrared salamander broilers are
assumed to be 2,496.798

Two standalone gas-fired infrared salamander broilers with 44 kBTU/h capacity each are
installed in a restaurant in Albany, replacing conventional gas-fired broilers with 48k BTU/h
capacity. The infrared broilers operate for 2,700 hours per year. Annual Electric Energy
(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠

1,000

kBTU/hbaseline = 48 kBTU/h, from application
kBTU/hee = 44 kBTU/h, from application
cycle = 0.7, default value from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
(48 − 44) × 0.7 × 2,700

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 2 × = 15.12 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000
797
Typical operating hours based on broiler operating schedule of 8 hours per day, 6 days per week, 52 weeks per
year, provided in Food Service Technology Center Broiler Technical Assessment, Table 4.3.
798
Ibid.


See Appendix P.


References
1. Food Service Technology Center, Commercial Cooking Appliance Technology
Assessment, prepared for Enbridge Gas Distribution and Pacific Gas and Electric
Company, by Fisher-Nickel Inc., 2002.
Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Commercial-Cooking-
Appliance-Technology-Assessment-
Fisher/ec7eca56c223d927cb1a7cda6dd2de587bf77ebf
Record of Revision
12-19-11 12/23/2019

INSULATED HOLDING CABINET

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified electric commercial hot food
holding cabinets.799 A food holding cabinet is a fully enclosed compartment designed to maintain
the temperature of hot food that has been cooked in a separate appliance. Half-size, full-size and
large-size holding cabinets are included in this measure. Half-size holding cabinets are defined as
any holding cabinet with an internal measured volume of less than 15ft3. Full-size holding cabinets
are defined as any holding cabinet with an internal measured volume of greater than or equal to
15ft3 and less than or equal to 28ft3. Large-size holding cabinets are defined as any holding cabinet
with an internal measure volume of greater than 28ft3. This measure does not include cook-and-
hold or re-therm equipment.800
∆𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 ×
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
(ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠)
where:
∆𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑒𝑒
NOTE: ∆Widle term can be calculated per the equation above using actual qualifying equipment
specifications or looked up from the Default Values table below.
where:
ΔWidle = Daily idle energy savings
799
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinets, Eligibility Criteria
Version 2.0, July 2011.
800
PG&E Work Paper PGECOFST105 Revision 5, pg. 1.


v = Volume of holding cabinet (ft3)
Widle = Equipment idle energy rate by volume (W)

Calculate based on calculations above or look up
ΔWidle
in Default Values table below.
From application or look up based on facility
days
type in Operating Hours section below.
From application or look up based on facility
hrs
type in Operating Hours section below.
Half-Size: 10
From application or use default values
v Full-Size: 25
provided.801
Large-Size: 35
Calculate based on product volume and Product
Widle,baseline Idle Energy Consumption Rate calculations per
the Baseline Efficiencies section below.
Widle,ee From application.
CF 0.9
Default Values
The table below contains ∆Widle values that may be used in the formulation of estimated savings
in lieu of utilizing the calculation prescribed above for this term.802 These values were established
by performing that calculation using default values from the Summary of Variables and Data
Sources above and Baseline and Compliance Efficiency sections below.
Equipment ∆Widle
Insulated Holding Cabinet, Half
105
Size
Insulated Holding Cabinet, Full
164
Size
Insulated Holding Cabinet,
126.5
Large Size

801
The assumed volume (ft3) to calculate ΔWidle is 10 for Half Size, 25 for Full Size and 35 for Large Size per Con
802
Edison 2023 program minimum qualifying specifications.



The baseline condition is an insulated holding cabinet as defined in the Measure Description above
with assumed idle energy rate based on product volume (ft3) per the table below.804
Product Interior Volume Product Idle Energy Consumption Rate

(Cubic Feet) (Watts)
0 < v < 13 ≤ 21.5v
13 ≤ v < 28 ≤ 2.0v + 254.0
28 ≤ v ≤ 3.8v + 203.5

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® insulated holding cabinet as defined in the
Measure Description section above meeting the idle energy rate requirements specified below.
Efficient equipment idle energy rate shall be taken from application.805
Product Interior Volume Product Idle Energy Consumption Rate

(Cubic Feet) (Watts)
0 < v < 13 ≤ 110
13 ≤ v < 28 ≤ 140
28 ≤ v ≤ 210
Operating Hours
Facility Type hours/day days/year

Fast Food Restaurant 14 363
Grocery 12 365
Hospital 11 365
Hotel 20 365
803
PG&E Work Paper PGECOFST105 Revision 5, pg. 7.
804
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinets, Eligibility Criteria.
Version 2.0, July 2011, where v is holding cabinet volume (ft3).
805
Con Edison 2023 program minimum qualifying specifications.
806


Miscellaneous 9 325
Motel 20 365
Office 12 250
University 11 283

An ENERGY STAR ® qualified electric half-size food holding cabinet with a volume of 12ft3
is installed for use in a grocery store in NYC. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
∆𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 ×
1,000
∆𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
(ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠)

hrs = 12 hours/day, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
days = 365 days/year, from Operating Hours section based on facility type
Widle,baseline = 21.5 x v = 21.5 x 12 = 258
Widle,baseline equation from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
v =12ft3, from application
Widle,ee = 110 , from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
∆𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = 258 − 110 = 148
148
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 12 × 365 × = 648.24 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
148
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.9 = 0.30 𝑘𝑊
(12 × 365)

See Appendix P.


More efficient food service equipment rejects less heat into the conditioned space than standard
relevant studies have been found to date that would allow quantification of these impacts. Until
savings.

More efficient food service equipment rejects less heat into the conditioned space than standard
relevant studies have been found to date that would allow quantification of these impacts. Until
savings.
References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinets,
Eligibility Criteria Version 2.0, July 2011.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs/private/Commercial_HFHC_Progra
m_Requirements_2.0.pdf
2. Pacific Gas & Electric Company, Work Paper PGECOFST105 Insulated Holding
Cabinet-Electric, Revision 5, July 2016.
Available from:
07&offset=0
Record of Revision
3-18-20 3/29/2018

OVEN, STEAMER, FRYER AND GRIDDLE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified commercial kitchen equipment
that meet the descriptions below. Unless otherwise noted, presented baseline, compliance, and
default values are determined from ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Equipment
Calculator.807
• Convection Ovens 808 - This measure includes gas and electric commercial convection
ovens. A convection oven forces hot dry air over the surface of a food product. A full size
convection oven can accommodate standard full size sheet pans measuring 18 x 26 x 1
inch. A half size convection oven can accommodate half size sheet pans measuring 18 x
13 x 1 inch. Though not eligible for ENERGY STAR® qualification, this measure includes
half size gas convection ovens. Half size gas convection ovens must have an idle rate of
8,500 BTU/h or less, per assumed efficiency of qualified equipment by Pacific Gas &
Electric workpaper.809
• Rack Ovens810 - This measure includes gas commercial rack ovens. A rack oven is a high
capacity oven in which a rack is wheeled into the oven and can be rotated during the baking
process. Rack ovens range in capacity from mini rack ovens to quadruple rack ovens.
Single and double rack ovens are included in this measure.
• Steamers811 - This measure includes gas and electric commercial steamers, also known as
compartment steamers. A steamer is a device that contains one or more food steaming
compartments in which the energy in the steam is transferred to the food by direct contact.
To calculate the savings for this measure, the number of pans must be known. Countertop,
wall-mounted, and floor models mounted on a stand, pedestal, or cabinet-style base are
included. Commercial steamer microwave ovens are not included in this measure.
• Fryers812 - This measure includes gas and electric commercial deep-fat fryers. A deep-fat
fryer is an appliance in which oils are placed to such a depth that the cooking food is
essentially supported by displacement of the cooking fluid rather than by the bottom of the
vessel. Depending on the fryer type, heat is delivered to the cooking fluid by means of an
immersed electric element or band-wrapped vessel (electric fryers), or by heat transfer from
gas burners through either the walls of the fryer or through tubes passing through the
cooking fluid (gas fryers). Standard fryers and large vat fryers are included in this measure.
• Griddles813 - This measure includes single-sided gas and electric commercial griddles. A
single-sided commercial griddle is a commercial appliance designed for cooking food in
oil or its own juices by direct contact with either a flat, smooth, hot surface or a hot
807
808
Version 3.0., April 2022.
809
810
Version 3.0, April 2022.
811
ENREGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Steam Cookers, Eligibility Criteria Version 1.2,
August 2003.
812
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Fryers, Eligibility Criteria Final
Draft Version 3.0. October 2016.
813
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Griddles, Eligibility Criteria Version 1.2, January
2011.

channeled cooking surface where plate temperature is thermostatically controlled. To

calculate the energy savings in this measure, the griddle dimensions must be known. This
measure does not include double-sided gas or electric commercial griddles.
• Gas Conveyor Ovens - Though not eligible for ENERGY STAR® qualification, this
measure additionally covers the installation of energy efficient gas conveyor ovens.
Conveyor ovens cook food by carrying it on a moving belt through a heated chamber.
Qualifying conveyor ovens have baking efficiencies greater than or equal to 42% and idle
energy rates less than or equal to 57,000 BTU/h, per assumed efficiency of qualified
equipment by Pacific Gas and Electric workpaper.814

3,412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ

1,000,000
where:
𝑙𝑏𝑠
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − ( )]
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑙𝑏𝑠
− 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑒𝑒 × [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − ( )]
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑒𝑒
1 1
using either actual qualifying equipment specs or default values as defined in the Common
Variables, Baseline Efficiencies, Compliance Efficiency and Operating Hours sections below, or
looked up from the Default Values table below.
814
PG&E Work Paper PGECOFST117 Revision 5, Table 9, pg. 11-12, where 1 pizza equals 0.76 lbs.

where:
(lbs/hr) = Equipment production capacity (lbs/hr)
Eff = Equipment convection/steam mode cooking efficiency, as defined by ENERGY
STAR® program requirements or relevant standard for each equipment type

ΔBTUpreheat
Values table below.
ΔBTUidle
Values table below.
ΔBTUcooking
Values table below.
From application or look up based on facility type in Operating
days
Hours section below.
From application or look up based on facility type in Operating
hrs
BTUpreheat,baseline
From application or look up based on qualifying equipment type
BTUpreheat,ee
in Compliance Efficiency section below.
BTU/hidle,baseline
815
Shared assumption from all PG&E Work Papers referenced in this measure.


BTU/hidle,ee
Look up based on qualifying equipment type in Common
hrspreheat
Variables table below.
(lbs/hr)baseline
(lbs/hr)ee
in Compliance Efficiency section below
Lbs
in Common Variables table below.
Look up based on qualifying equipment type in Common
Qfood
Variables table below.
Effbaseline
Effee
CF 0.9
Default Values
∆BTUcooking terms that may be used in the formulation of estimated savings in lieu of utilizing
the calculations prescribed above for these terms. These values were established by performing
those calculations using assumed values from the Common Variables, Baseline Efficiencies and
Compliance Efficiency sections below.
Equipment ΔBTUpreheat ΔBTUidle ΔBTUcooking

Convection Oven, Electric, Full Size 580 1,365 x hrs -1,708 3,250
Convection Oven, Electric, Half Size 649 102 x hrs -1,000 1,553
Convection Oven, Gas, Full Size 3,647 3,100 x hrs -4,673 2,470
Convection Oven, Gas, Half Size 2,625 3,500 x hrs -11,842 27,778
Conveyor Oven, Gas 8,662 13,000 x hrs -55,144 124,405
Rack Oven, Gas, Double Rack 24,251 35,000 x hrs -179,550 397,692
Rack Oven, Gas, Single Rack 12,233 18,000 x hrs -89,017 176,250
Steamer, Electric 4,197 14,581 x hrs -10,792 19,385
Steamer, Gas 8,539 27,378 x hrs -23,156 42,368
Fryer, Electric, Standard 648 1,365 x hrs -3,791 10,988
Fryer, Electric, Large Vat 1,194 853 x hrs -1,911 15,268
Fryer, Gas 6,331 5,000 x hrs -15,381 73,286
Fryer, Gas, Large Vat 5,000 4,000 x hrs -8,556 73,286
Griddle, Electric 6,828 1,638 x hrs -7,451 5,220
Griddle, Gas 6,000 5,100 x hrs -49,875 23,438

Common Variables816
Value
Equipment
hrspreheat lbs Qfood (BTU/lb)
Convection Oven, Electric, Full Size 0.14817 100 250
Convection Oven, Electric, Half Size 0.14818 100 250
Convection Oven, Gas, Full Size 0.14819 100 250
Convection Oven, Gas, Half Size 0.18820 100 250
Conveyor Oven, Gas 0.25821 190 250
Rack Oven, Gas, Double Rack 0.33822 1,200823 235
Rack Oven, Gas, Single Rack 0.33824 600 235
Steamer, Electric 0.22825 100 105
Steamer, Gas 0.22826 100 105
Fryer, Electric, Standard 0.14827 150 570
Fryer, Electric, Large Vat 0.14828 150 570
Fryer, Gas, Standard 0.23829 150 570
Fryer, Gas, Large Vat 0.23830 150 570
Griddle, Electric 0.25831 100 475
Griddle, Gas 0.25832 100 475


The baseline condition is food service equipment as defined in the Measure Description above
with operating characteristics per the table below. Values are as reported from referenced
ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Equipment Calculator unless otherwise noted.834
816
ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Equipment Calculator (accessed 2/26/2018), unless otherwise
noted.
817
California TF, Work Paper SWFS001-02, pg. 7.
818
819
820
821
California TF, Work Paper SWFS008-01, pg. 7, where 1 pizza equals 0.76 lbs.
822
823
Ibid.
824
Ibid, pg. 8.
825
826
827
California TF, Work Paper SWFS011-03, pg, 8.
828
Ibid.
829
California TF, Work Paper SWFS011-03, pg, 12.
830
Ibid.
831
California TF Work Paper SWFS004 Revision 1, pg. 7.
832
California TF Work Paper SWFS004 Revision 1, pg. 10.
833
Shared assumption from all PG&E Work Papers referenced in this measure.
834

BTUpreheat,baseline BTUhidle,baseline
Equipment (lbs/hr)baseline Effbaseline
(BTU) (BTU/h)
Convection Oven,
5,323835 5,459836 90 0.71837
Electric, Full Size
Convection Oven,
3,037838 3,412839 45 0.71840
Electric, Half Size
Convection Oven,
13,096841 12,000842 83 0.46843
Gas, Full Size
Convection Oven,
6,000 12,000 45 0.42
Gas, Half Size844
Conveyor Oven,
48,662 70,000 114 0.33
Gas845
Rack Oven, Gas,
90,009846 30,000847 250 0.52848
Double Rack
Rack Oven, Gas,
54,817849 25,000850 130 0.48851
Single Rack
Steamer, Electric 5,186852 455 x no. pans853 23.3 x no. pans 0.50854
2,100 x no.
Steamer, Gas 18,833855 23.3 x no. pans 0.38857
pans856
835
836
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Ovens Eligibility Criteria
Version 2.2 via NYS Appliances Standards
837
Ibid.
838
839
840
Ibid.
841
842
843
Ibid.
844
845
846
847
848
Ibid.
849
850
851
Ibid.
852
853
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Steam Cookers V1.2 via NYS Appliances Standards
854
Ibid.
855
856
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Steam Cookers V1.2 via NYS Appliances Standards
857
Ibid.

BTUpreheat,baseline BTUhidle,baseline
Equipment (lbs/hr)baseline Effbaseline
(BTU) (BTU/h)
Fryer, Electric,
5,971858 3,412859 65 0.80860
Standard
Fryer, Electric,
10,577861 3,753862 100 0.80863
Large Vat
Fryer, Gas,
16,609864 9,000865 60 0.50866
Standard
Fryer, Gas, Large
27,000867 12,000868 100 0.50869
Vat
2,275 x griddle 1,365 x griddle 5.83 x griddle
Griddle, Electric 0.65
area*870 area* area*
3,500 x griddle 3,500 x griddle 4.17 x griddle
Griddle, Gas 0.32
area*871 area* area*
*Griddle area in square feet

The compliance condition is ENERGY STAR® food service equipment meeting the minimum
performance specifications listed in the table below. Operating characteristics shall be taken from
application. When unavailable, default characteristics shall be taken from the table below. Preheat
energy and all values are reported from referenced California TF workpaper sources.
Equipment (lbs/hr)ee Effee
(BTU) (BTU/h)
Convection Oven,
4,743872 4,776873 90 0.76874
Electric, Full Size
858
859
ENERGY STAR ® Program Requirements for Commercial Fryers V2.0
860
Ibid.
861
862
863
Ibid.
864
865
866
Ibid.
867
868
869
Ibid.
870
871
872
873
Version 3.0
874
Ibid.

(BTU) (BTU/h)
Convection Oven,
2,388875 3,412876 49 0.71877
Electric, Half Size
Convection Oven, Gas,
9,449878 9,500879 86 0.49880
Full Size
Convection Oven, Gas,
3,375 8,500 55 0.45
Half Size881
Conveyor Oven, Gas882 40,000 57,000 167 0.42
Rack Oven, Gas, Double
65,758883 30,000884 250 0.52885
Rack
Rack Oven, Gas, Single
42,584886 25,000887 130 0.48888
Rack
16.7 x no.
Steamer, Electric 989889 455 x no. pans890 0.69891
pans
20.0 x no.
Steamer, Gas 10,294892 2,100 x no. pans893 0.52894
pans
Fryer, Electric, Standard 5,323895 2,730896 70 0.83897
Fryer, Electric, Large Vat 9,383898 3,753899 110 0.87900
875
876
Version 3.0
877
Ibid.
878
879
Version 3.0
880
Ibid.
881
882
883
884
Version 3.0
885
Ibid.
886
887
Version 3.0
888
Ibid.
889
890
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Steam Cookers V1.2
891
Con Edison 2023 program minimum qualifying specifications
892
893
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Commercial Steam Cookers V1.2
894
895
896
897
Ibid.
898
899
900
Ibid.

(BTU) (BTU/h)
Fryer, Gas, Standard 10,278901 7,100902 65 0.56903
Fryer, Gas, Large Vat 22,000904 9,600905 110 0.62906
1,137 x
6.67 x
Griddle, Electric griddle 6,141 x griddle area*908 0.77909
griddle area*
area*907
2,500 x
7.5 x griddle
Griddle, Gas griddle 5,600 x griddle area*911 0.52912
area*
area*910
* Griddle area in square feet
Operating Hours

Fast Food Restaurant 14 363
Grocery 12 365
Hospital 11 365
Hotel 20 365
Miscellaneous 9 325
Motel 20 365
Office 12 250
University 11 283
901
902
903
Ibid.
904
905
906
Ibid.
907
California TF Work Paper SWFS004-01, pg. 7.
908
909
Ibid.
910
California TF Work Paper SWFS004 -01, pg. 10.
911
Con Edison 2023 program minimum qualifying specifications.
912
Ibid.
913


A full-size electric convection oven with 90 lb/hr capacity, 3,470 BTUpreheat, 4,400 BTU/hidle
and 76% efficiency is installed in a restaurant in NYC, which operates for 12 hours a day for
320 days per year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric

3,412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
where:
𝑙𝑏𝑠
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − ( )]
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑙𝑏𝑠
− 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒,𝑒𝑒 × [ℎ𝑟𝑠 − 𝑁𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 − ( )]
(𝑙𝑏𝑠/ℎ𝑟)𝑒𝑒
1 1

days = 320 days/year, from application
BTUpreheat,baseline = 5,323 BTU, from Baseline Efficiencies from which Energy Savings are
calculated
BTUpreheat,ee = 3,470 BTU, from application
BTU/hidle,baseline = 5,459 BTU, from Baseline Efficiencies from which Energy Savings are
calculated
BTU/hidle,ee = 4,400 BTU, from application
Hrspreheat = 0.14, from Common Variables
Hrs = 12 hours/day, from application
Lbs = 100 lbs, from Common Variables
(Lbs/hr)baseline = 90 lbs/hr, from Baseline Efficiencies from which Energy Savings are calculated
(lbs/hr)ee = 90, from application
Qfood = 250 BTU/lb, from Common Variables
Effbaseline = 0.71, from Baseline Efficiencies from which Energy Savings are calculated
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑝𝑟𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 1 × (5,323 − 3,470) = 1,853

100 100
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 = 5,459 × [12 − 1 × 0.14 − ( )] − 4,400 × [12 − 1 × 0.14 − ( )]
90 90
= 11,383.07
1 1
∆𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 100 × 250 × ( − ) = 2,316.53
0.71 0.76
(1,853 + 11,383.07 + 2,316.53)

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 320 × = 1,458.62 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412
1,458.62
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.9 = 0.34 𝑘𝑊
(320 × 12)

See Appendix P.


References
Available from:
ersion%203.0%20Commercial%20Ovens%20Final%20Specification.pdf?_gl=1*tuw2y1
*_ga*Mjc4Mzg4OTEuMTY5Mjg4NzI2Mw..*_ga_S0KJTVVLQ6*MTY5MzMzMzcxN
S41LjEuMTY5MzMzMzg3MS4wLjAuMA
2. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Steam
Cookers, Eligibility Criteria Version 1.2, August 2003.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs/private/Commercial_Steam_Cookers

_Program_Requirements%20v1_2.pdf
3. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Fryers
Eligibility Criteria Final Draft Version 3.0, October 2016.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/Commercial%20Fryers%2
0Final%20Draft%20V3.0%20Specification.pdf
Griddles, Eligibility Criteria Version 1.2, January 2011.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/Commercial%20Griddles%20Version%20
1.2%20%28Rev%20December%20-%202020%29.pdf
5. ENERGY STAR® Commercial Food Service Calculator (accessed February 26, 2018).
6. California Technical Forum workpaper, Commercial Convection Oven- Electric and Gas,
SWFS001-02, January 2020.
7. California Technical Forum workpaper, Commercial Conveyor Gas Oven, SWFS008-01,
December 2019.
8. California Technical Forum workpaper, Commercial Rack Oven, SWFS014-02,
December 2019.
9. California Technical Forum workpaper, Commercial Steam Cooker, SWFS005-02,
December 2019.
10. California Technical Forum workpaper, Commercial Fryer, SWFS011-03, June 2021.
11. California Technical Forum workpaper, Commercial Griddle, SWFS004-1, October
2018.
Available from: https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-05/CEC-500-2021-
021.pdf
13. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Fryers
Eligibility Criteria Version 2.0
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs//private/Commercial_Fryers_Progra
m_Requirements.pdf
Record of Revision
3-18-18 3/29/2018
3-20-4 3/30/2020
12-21-11 1/28/2022

REFRIGERATOR AND F REEZER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® compliant commercial refrigerators and
freezers operating with an integral compressor and condenser. Eligible equipment includes
commercial standard and hybrid refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers. This measure is
only applicable to horizontal or vertical self-contained equipment with solid or transparent doors.
This measure also covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® laboratory grade refrigerators and
freezers. These products are used to store non-volatile reagents and biological specimens at stable
temperatures in lab settings including hospitals, clinics, university and government research
laboratories, and pharmaceuticals. Eligible equipment include general purpose and high
performance laboratory grade refrigerators and freezers and ultra-low temperature freezers. A
general purpose laboratory grade refrigerator is a product that cannot support a maximum peak
variation in temperature equal to or less than 6 °C at set point temperatures between 0 °C and 12
°C (32 °F and 53.6 °F). A high performance laboratory grade refrigerator is a product that is
designed to support a maximum peak variation in temperature no greater than 6 °C. A general
purpose laboratory grade freezer is a product that cannot support a maximum peak variation in
temperature equal to or less than 10 °C at set point temperatures between -40 °C and 0 °C (-40 °F
and 32 °F). A high performance laboratory grade freezer product that is designed to support a
maximum peak variation in temperature no greater than 10 °C. An ultra-low temperature freezer
is a freezer designed for laboratory application that is capable of maintaining set point storage
temperatures between -70 °C and -80 °C (-94 °F and -112 °F).914
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ] × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
where:
ENERGY STAR® Refrigerators & Freezers Key Product Criteria, ENERGY STAR ® Program Requirements for
914
Laboratory Grade Refrigerators and Freezers.


kWh = Annual electric energy consumption
HVACff = HVAC interaction factor for annual fossil fuel consumption (MMBtu/kWh)

See Baseline Efficiencies section below to establish baseline for
commercial refrigerators and freezers and ultra-low temperature
kWhbaseline.
laboratory grade freezers. For other laboratory grade
equipment, kWhbaseline = 1.3 x kWhee.915
HVACc consumption (dimensionless), from Appendix D based on
facility type, location and HVAC type.
HVAC interaction factor for peak demand at utility summer
HVACd peak hour (dimensionless), from Appendix D based on facility
type, location and HVAC type.
HVACff consumption (MMBtu/kWh), from Appendix D based on
facility type, location and HVAC type.
CF 1.0


The baseline condition is a minimally code compliant commercial standard or hybrid refrigerator,
refrigerator-freezer or freezer as defined in the Measure Description section above. For other
laboratory grade equipment, kWhbaseline = 1.3 x kWhee.917
Baseline annual electric consumption (kWh/yr) shall align with federally mandated maximum
energy use associated with the Product Class and the chilled or frozen compartment volume (V)
of the qualifying equipment. 918 Volume specification shall be taken from ENERGY STAR®
qualified products listing or specification sheet of the proposed equipment. Baseline maximum
915
Benefits of ENERGY STAR ® Certified Commercial Food Service Equipment, EPA.
916
917
Benefits of ENERGY STAR ® Certified Commercial Food Service Equipment, EPA.
918
10 CFR Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 431 – Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy
Consumption of Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers.

daily energy consumption (kWh/day) for solid door and glass door commercial refrigerators and
freezers of all volumes are calculated as shown in the table below.919 For commercial refrigeration
equipment with two or more compartments (i.e., hybrid refrigerators, hybrid freezers, hybrid
refrigerator-freezers, and non-hybrid refrigerator-freezers), the maximum daily energy
consumption for each model shall be the sum of the MDEC values for all of its compartments.920
Results of the equations below shall be multiplied by 365 to derive annual baseline energy
consumption.
Maximum Daily Energy Consumption (kWh/day)

Type
Refrigerator Freezer
(Closed)
Solid Door Glass Door Solid Door Glass Door
Vertical < 0.05×V + 1.36 < 0.10×V + 0.86 < 0.22×V + 1.38 < 0.29×V + 2.95
Horizontal < 0.05×V + 0.91 < 0.06×V + 0.37 < 0.06×V + 1.12 < 0.08×V + 1.23
Ultra-Low Temperature (ULT) Freezers @ -75 °C Energy Consumption921

ULT Freezer
V × (2.51-0.06×V+0.10×1) (assumed frequency of door opening, moderate)

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified commercial refrigerator, refrigerator-
freezer or freezer, general purpose or high performance laboratory grade refrigerator or freezer or
ultra low-temperature laboratory grade freezer as defined in the Measure Description section
above. ENERGY STAR® rated refrigerators must meet the specifications in the tables below for
maximum daily energy consumption (kWh/day). 922 Annual electric energy consumption of the
qualifying equipment shall come from application. If unknown, use maximum energy consumption
based on qualifying equipment volume from the tables below. Volume specification shall be taken
from ENERGY STAR® qualified products listing or specification sheet of the proposed equipment.
Multiply by 365 to derive annual energy consumption (kWh/year).
Vertical Closed Energy Consumption

Volume
Refrigerator Freezer
(ft3)
0 < V < 15 < 0.022×V+0.97 < 0.095×V+0.445 < 0.210×V+0.900 < 0.232×V+2.36
15 < V < 30 < 0.066×V+0.31 < 0.050×V+1.120 < 0.120×V+2.248 < 0.232×V+2.36
30 < V < 50 < 0.040×V+1.09 < 0.076×V+0.340 < 0.285×V-2.703 < 0.232×V+2.36
50 < V < 0.024×V+1.89 < 0.105×V-1.111 < 0.142×V+4.445 < 0.232×V+2.36
919
10 CFR 431.66(e)(1).
920
10 CFR 431.66(e)(2).
921
ULT Freezers Base Case Investigation, Eversource Energy.
922
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers,
Eligibility Criteria Version 4.0.

Horizontal Closed Energy Consumption

Volume (ft3) Refrigerator Freezer
All volumes < 0.05×V+0.28 < 0.05×V+0.28 < 0.057×V+0.55 < 0.057×V+0.55
Laboratory Grade Refrigerators Energy Consumption923

Applications Volume
Consumption (kWh/day)
0 < V < 25 ≤ 0.124×V+2.0
General Purpose
25 ≤ V ≤ 0.121×V+2.07
0 < V < 25 ≤ 0.184×V+3.5
High performance 25 ≤ V < 44 ≤ 0.153×V+4.28
44 ≤ V ≤ 0.125×V+5.5
Laboratory Grade Freezers Energy Consumption924

Applications Volume
Consumption (kWh/day)
0 < V < 15 ≤ 0.033×V+2.0
General Purpose 15 ≤ V < 30 ≤ 0.05×V+1.75
30 ≤ V ≤ 0.188×V-2.375
0 < V < 22 ≤ 0.09×V+10
High performance
22 ≤ V ≤ 0.426×V+2.63
Laboratory Grade Ultra-Low Temperature (ULT) Freezers @ -75 °C Energy Consumption

0.55×V
Operating Hours
Refrigeration products are assumed to be plugged into an electrical outlet 8,760 hours per year.
Compressor cycling is inherent in the specified annual energy consumption of baseline and

An ENERGY STAR® qualified commercial glass door vertical refrigerator with 25 ft3 internal
volume and rated daily energy consumption of 2.05 kWh is installed in a grocery store in
Albany. The building has central air conditioning and gas heat. Annual Electric Energy Savings,
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
923
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Laboratory Grade Refrigerators and Freezers.
924
Ibid.

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ] × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓

kWhbaseline = (0.10 x V + 0.86) x 365 = (0.10 x 25 + 0.86) x 365 = 1,226.4 kWh
kWhbaseline equation from Baseline Efficiency section based on equipment type and
volume
V = 25, from application
kWhee = 2.05 x 365 = 748 kWh, from application
HVACc = 0.120, from Appendix D based on location, HVAC configuration, and facility type
HVACd = 0.200, from Appendix D based on location, HVAC configuration, and facility type
HVACff = - 0.002, from Appendix D based on location, HVAC configuration, and facility
type
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (1,226.4 − 748) × (1 + 0.120) = 535.81 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,226 − 748
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × [ ] × (1 + 0.200) × 1.0 = 0.065 𝑘𝑊
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (1,226 − 748) × (−0.002) = − 0.96 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

interaction factors calculated from the prototypical building DOE-2 models as a function of facility
type, location and HVAC system type are shown in Appendix D.

interaction factors calculated from the prototypical building DOE-2 models as a function of facility
type, location and HVAC system type are shown in Appendix D.

References
1. ENERGY STAR® Refrigerators & Freezers Key Product Criteria, March 27, 2017.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/commercial_food_service_equipment/commercial_
refrigerators_freezers/key_product_criteria
2. 10 CFR Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 431 – Uniform Test Method for the
Measurement of Energy Consumption of Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and
Refrigerator-Freezers.
idx?SID=fa8761ce7ff31d0c22aaf4e1c4992575&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#a
p10.3.431_166.a
idx?SID=4892a800dfd3976a79848bb42372bfda&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5
#se10.3.431_166
Refrigerators and Freezers, Eligibility Criteria Version 4.0.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/Commercial%20Refrigerat
ors%20and%20Freezers%20V4%20Spec%20Final%20Version_0.pdf
5. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Laboratory Grade Refrigerators and
Freezers.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ENERGY%20STAR%20V1.1%20Lab%20
Grade%20Refrigerator%20and%20Freezer%20Program%20Requirements.pdf
6. Ultra-Low Freezer Base Case Investigations, Eversouce Energy, October 2, 2017.
7. Benefits of ENERGY STAR ® Certified Commercial Food Service Equipment, EPA.
Available from:
https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/P100TOEM.TXT?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Clie
nt=EPA&Index=2011+Thru+2015&Docs=&Query=&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMetho
d=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFie
ldDay=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D%3A%5Czyfiles%5CIn
dex%20Data%5C11thru15%5CTxt%5C00000030%5CP100TOEM.txt&User=ANONY
MOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-
&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i
425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&Bac
kDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=1&SeekPage=x&ZyPURL

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
9-18-7 9/30/2018
3-21-10 4/9/2021
12-21-12 1/28/2022

APPLIANCE – CONTROL
ADVANCED POWER STRIP (APS)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of Tier 1 Advanced Power Strips (APS) in office workstations.
The Tier 1 APS makes use of a control outlet to disconnect the controlled plugs when the load on
the control outlet (usually a computer) is reduced below a threshold. In this case, the reduction
below threshold of the control plug happens when the computer shuts down or enters standby
mode. Therefore, the overall load of a centralized group of equipment (e.g. monitors and other
peripherals for the computer) can be reduced.
∆𝑘𝑊𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦−𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 ) 8,760

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ + ]×
168
∆𝑘𝑊𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑−𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 )
where:
ΔkWwkday = Average power reduction during weekday off hours
ΔkWwkend = Average power reduction during weekend off hours
hrswkday = Total hours during the work week (Monday 7:30 AM to Friday 5:30 PM)
hrswkend = Total hours during the weekend (Friday 5:30 PM to Monday 7:30 AM)
hrswkday,open = Hours the office is open during the work week
hrswkend,open = Hours the office is open during the weekend
168 = Hours in one week
925
Savings algorithm reconstructed from weekday and weekend savings information in Sheppy et. al, and verified
against savings in Acker et. al and savings in: BPA, “Smart Power Strip Energy Savings Evaluation: Ross
Complex,” (2011). Office stations are assumed to have zero or minimal standby losses during normal operating
hours.


Deemed value from IDL and NREL/NAVFAC study,
ΔkWwkday 0.0315 determined by reduction in off-hours demand. See Deemed
Savings Background section below for additional detail.
Deemed value from IDL and NREL/NAVFAC study,
ΔkWwkend 0.0067 determined by reduction in off-hours demand. See Deemed
Savings Background section below for additional detail.
hrswkday 106
hrswkday,open From application. If unknown, use 50 hours.926
hrswkend 62
hrswkend,open From application. If unknown, use 0 hours.927
Deemed Savings Background

Since the introduction of the Tier 1 APS for commercial applications, three studies of its
performance in commercial office settings have been conducted. Their ex-post estimates for
savings are in relative agreement, between 134 and 149 kWh. The three studies are:
1. A University of Idaho Integrated Design Lab (IDL) project studying 49 load-sensing power
strips in a large, private office building. Baseline data was gathered for one year and post-
period data was gathered for 3 months. The study broke out findings into weekday,
weekend, and holiday categories.928
2. A National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Naval Facilities Engineering
Command (NAVFAC) joint APS evaluation, with 100 load-sensing power strips. Whole
building load shapes were monitored pre and post. This study had five weeks of baseline
data and six weeks of treatment data.929
3. A Bonneville Power Administration APS evaluation at the Ross Complex, in which 48
strips were installed for a pre- and post-treatment period of three weeks each. Data for this
study was measured at the individual power strip level.930
The calculation for energy savings uses the detailed breakdowns of energy savings from the IDL
study and the assumption that savings only occur outside of normal business hours. The value of
31.5 watts reduced during off-hours on weekdays was calculated with data from the IDL study and
aligns with the graphically shown load reduction in the NREL/NAVFAC study. The same method
was performed for the weekends to obtain the wattage reduced. The number from the IDL study
of 6.7 watts reduced on weekends is more conservative than the NREL/NAVFAC results and is
used for this calculation.
926
Assumes an office operating schedule of M - F, 7:30AM – 5:30PM.
927
Assumes an office operating schedule of M - F, 7:30AM – 5:30PM.
928
Acker et al.
929
Sheppy et al.
930
BPA, “Smart Power Strip Energy Savings Evaluation,” Ross Complex, Vancouver, WA (2011).


The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is N/A. The majority of kWh savings are assumed
to occur during off-hours, so no Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are deemed.

The baseline condition is an office workstation with no plug load control system.

The compliance condition is an office workstation with a tier 1 plug load control advanced power
strip.
Operating Hours
The annual operating hours of the measure, assuming that the APS is operating when it is reducing
load, can be calculated by:
(ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦−𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 ) 8,760

ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 = [ + ]×
168
(ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑−𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 )
Which is equal to 6,153 hours, assuming that the office is open for 50 hours on weekdays and 0
hours on weekends. Alternatively, the operating hours of the workstation standby loads are reduced
by this amount, to 2,607 hours from 8,760 hours.

10 Tier 1 advanced power strips are installed in an office in NYC, which is open for 55 hours
Monday – Friday and 0 hours on weekends. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are
∆𝑘𝑊𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑑𝑎𝑦−𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 ) 8,760

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ + ]×
168
∆𝑘𝑊𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑 × (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑤𝑘𝑒𝑛𝑑−𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛 )

ΔkWwkday = 0.0315, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
ΔkWwkend = 0.0067, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Hrswkday =106, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Hrswkday,open = 55, from application
Hrswkend = 62, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Hrswkend,open = 0, from application

0.0315 × (106 − 55) 8,760

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 10 × [ + ]× = 1054.28 𝑘𝑊ℎ
168
0.0067 × (62 − 0)

See Appendix P.


References
1. Acker, Brad et. al, “Office Space Plug Load Profiles and Energy Saving Interventions,”
IDL, 2012 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings (2012).
Available from: https://fortress.wa.gov/ga/apps/SBCC/File.ashx?cid=5572
2. Sheppy, M. et al, “Reducing Plug Loads in Office Spaces” Hawaii and Guam Energy
Improvement Technology Demonstration Project, NREL/NAVFAC (January 2014).
3. Bonneville Power Administration, “Smart Power Strip Energy Savings Evaluation,” Ross
Complex, Vancouver, WA (2011).
Available from: http://studylib.net/doc/8460015/smart-strip-energy-savings-evaluation-
%E2%80%93-ross-complex--van...
Record of Revision
12-17-16 12/31/2017

VENDING MACHINE AND NOVELTY COOLER CONTROL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of time clocks or occupancy sensors on refrigerated vending
machines and novelty coolers to reduce compressor run time and lighting hours while ensuring
units maintain desired product temperatures during occupied hours. The time clock control
mechanism is a programmed-schedule time clock that is assumed to be set to turn the equipment
off coincident with the facility closing time and turn equipment on one hour before opening time
to allow the products to return to the desired sale temperature.
The occupancy sensor control mechanism uses an infrared sensor to turn off the vending machine
when the surrounding area is unoccupied. The device also monitors the ambient temperature and
powers up the machine as required to keep products cool. Additionally, the sensor monitors the
electrical current used by the machine to ensure it is not turned off during a compressor cycle to
prevent a high head pressure start from occurring.
This measure is only applicable to vending machines without a low power mode. A low power
mode is a state in which a vending machine’s lighting, refrigeration, and/or other energy using
systems are automatically adjusted (without user intervention) such that they consume less energy
than they consume in an active vending environment.931 This measure is only applicable to vending
machines and novelty coolers containing non-perishable products.
This measure also covers the installation of time clocks or occupancy sensors on non-refrigerated
(snack) vending machines. In this case, savings are derived from a reduction in lighting hours
during unoccupied hours.
Refrigerated Vending Machine and Novelty Cooler
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × [ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓 + 𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓 )] × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
Non-Refrigerated (Snack) Vending Machine
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × [ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓 + 𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓 )]
Summer Peak Coincident Demand savings
931
10 CFR 431 Subpart Q, Appendix B 1.2 Definitions.

where:
(kW/unit) = Vending machine power (kW), based on nameplate Volts, Amps, Phase and
Power Factor
hrsoff = Unit off hours per year
Fcontrol = Control type factor, used to include additional savings for occupancy sensor
controls
ESF = Energy Savings Factor, associated with occupancy sensor controls
Cycle = Compressor duty cycle

Refrigerated Vending Machine Refrigerated vending machine and novelty
and Novelty Cooler: cooler power is based on nameplate Volts,
Amps, Phase and Power Factor. If power
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠 × 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑠 × √𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 × 𝑃𝐹
factor is unknown, use a default value of
(kW/unit) = 1,000 0.55.932
Non-Refrigerated (Snack) Non-refrigerated machine power reflects
Vending Machine: 0.02 typical per unit lighting wattage.933
From application. Off hours are equivalent to
daily facility closed hours minus one
multiplied by facility operating days. If
building operating hours are unknown, look
hrsoff up in Operating Hours section below based
on facility type.
hrsoff is equivalent for time clock and

occupancy sensor controls.
Use a value of 1.0 if Occupancy Sensor
Fcontrol control type. Use a value of 0 if Time Clock
control type.
Energy savings of occupancy sensing control
during building operating hours, estimated
ESF 0.1
from lighting occupancy sensor controls in
open office space.934
932
Analysis of Cooler Control Energy Conservation Measures: Final Report, Select Energy Services, Inc., March
2004.
933
Southern California Edison, Work Paper SCE17CS005 Revision 1, Beverage Merchandise Controller, July 2018,
pg. 9.
934
DOE, Wireless Sensors for Lighting Energy Savings, March 2016, pg. 1.


Cycle 0.45 Compressor average duty cycle.935


The baseline condition is a vending machine or novelty cooler containing non-perishable products
without time clock or occupancy IR sensing/load sensing control.

The compliance condition is the installation of time clock or occupancy IR sensing/load sensing
control installed on a vending machine or novelty cooler containing non-perishable products where
controls were not previously installed.
Operating Hours
Novelty coolers and refrigerated vending machines are assumed to be connected 24 hours per day,
365 days per year. In the baseline case, these units operate during all hours and cycle according to
the duty cycle cited above.
With time clock control, units are automatically shut off when the facility closes and turned back
on one hour prior to the facility opening to allow the system to return the contents to their desired
temperature. Energy savings are calculated based on the system off hours due to installed time
clock control. If unknown, use the default off hours based on building type from the table below.
This table was developed by subtracting the default lighting hours in the C&I Interior Lamps and
Fixtures measure in this TRM from 8,760, and subtracting 365 from the result (assumes 365 days
of facility operation). Facilities expected to operate 24/7 are excluded.
hrsoff hrsoff
Facility Type Facility Type
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Auto Relateda 5,585 Manufacturing Facility 5,538
Bakery 5,541 Medical Offices 4,647
Banks 4,647 Motion Picture Theatre 6,441
Church 6,440 Museum 4,647
College– Cafeteriab 5,682 Nursing Homes 2,555
College – Classes 5,809 Office (General Office Types)b 5,382
College - Dormitory 5,329 Parking Garages 4,027
Commercial Condosc 5,295 Parking Lots 4,295
Convenience Stores 2,019 Penitentiary 2,918
Convention Center 6,441 Performing Arts Theatre 5,809
Court House 4,647 Post Office 4,647
935
Ibid, Table 5-5.

hrsoff hrsoff
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisure 4,213 Pump Stations 6,446
Dining: Cafeteria / Fast Food 1,939 Refrigerated Warehouse 5,793
Dining: Family 4,213 Religious Building 6,440
Entertainment 6,443 Restaurants 4,213
Exercise Center 2,559 Retail 4,932
Fast Food Restaurants 2,019 School / University 6,208
Fire Station (Unmanned) 6,442 Schools (Jr./Sr. High) 6,208
Schools
Food Stores 4,340 6,208
(Preschool/Elementary)
Schools
Gymnasium 5,809 6,208
(Technical/Vocational)
Industrial - 1 Shift 5,538 Small Services 4,645
Industrial - 2 Shift 3,665 Sports Arena 6,441
Industrial - 3 Shift 1,764 Town Hall 4,647
Laundromats 4,339 Transportation 1,939
Library 4,647 Warehouse (Not Refrigerated) 5,793
Light Manufacturersb 5,782 Waste Water Treatment Plant 1,764
Lodging (Hotels/Motels) 5,331 Workshop 4,645
Mall Concourse 3,562
a
New car showrooms and Big Box retail stores with evening and/or weekend hours should use the Facility Type
"Retail" for vending machine and novelty cooler off hours
b
Lighting operating hours data from the 2008 California DEER Update study
c
Lighting operating hours data for offices used
With occupancy sensor control, units shut off after a period of time of consistent inoccupancy. The
cumulative annual off hours are estimated by summing time clock control off hours and 10% of
remaining on hours, as outlined in the equations above. hrsoff for occupancy sensors shall come
from application or lookup in table above if unknown.

A time clock is installed on a refrigerated vending machine with a rated wattage of 400 W in a
fitness center in NYC. Prior to installation, the vending machine was operating 24 hours per
day, 365 days a year. Following installation of the time clock, the annual operating hours of
the vending machine are reduced by 3,000 hours per year. Summer Peak Coincident Demand
Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × [ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓 + 𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑓𝑓 )] × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒

(kW/unit) = 0.40, from application
hrsoff = 3,000, from application
Fcontrol = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources (Control Type = Time Clock)

ESF = 0.1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources

Cycle = 0.45, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 0.40 × [3,000 + 0 × 0.1 × (8,760 − 3,000)] × 0.45 = 5400 𝑘𝑊ℎ

See Appendix P.

Reduced refrigeration system run hours during facility operation will result in a slight increase in
space heating requirements and a slight decrease in space cooling requirements. These effects are
not considered in the prescribed savings methodology.

Reduced refrigeration system run hours during facility operation will result in a slight increase in
space heating requirements and a slight decrease in space cooling requirements. These effects are
not considered in the prescribed savings methodology.
References
1. 10 CFR 431 Subpart Q, Appendix B, 1.2 Definitions.
Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2017-title10-vol3/xml/CFR-
2017-title10-vol3-part431.xml#seqnum431.292
2. VendingSolutions, Vending Machine Knowledge Base.
Available from: https://www.vendingsolutions.com/faq
3. Analysis of Cooler Control Energy Conservation Measures: Final Report, Select Energy
Services, Inc., March 2004.
Available from: https://forum.cee1.org/system/files/library/1220/392.pdf
4. Sothern California Edison, Workpaper SCE17CS005, Revision 1, Beverage Merchandise
Controller, July 23, 2018.
Available from: http://deeresources.net/workpapaers
5. Department of Energy, Wireless Sensors for Lighting Energy Savings, Wireless
Occupancy Sensors for Lighting Controls: An Applications Guide for Federal Facility
Managers, December 2019.
Available from:
https://betterbuildingssolutioncenter.energy.gov/sites/default/files/attachments/wireless_o
ccupancy_sensor_guide.pdf

6. Analysis of NREL Cold-Drink Vending Machines for Energy Savings, NREL, June
2003. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michael_Deru/publication/242168498_Analysis_of
_NREL_Cold-
Drink_Vending_Machines_for_Energy_Savings/links/54bd240d0cf218da939190ab/Anal
ysis-of-NREL-Cold-Drink-Vending-Machines-for-Energy-
Savings.pdf?origin=publication_detail
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-18-7 6/26/2018
3-19-8 3/29/2019
9-19-3 9/27/2019

APPLIANCE RECYCLING
AIR CONDITIONER – R OOM (RAC) RECYCLING

Measure Description
In many cases where an air conditioning unit is replaced, the existing unit is retained, sold, or
donated for use elsewhere and represents additional load on the grid. This measure covers
recycling of the existing functional equipment, thereby eliminating the consumption associated
with that equipment. Because this measure addresses both retention of the existing equipment and
resale, RACs used for supplemental cooling are applicable. Air conditioner recycling programs
receive energy savings credit for permanently removing inefficient functional air conditioners
from the electric grid.
This measure covers the recycling of inefficient room air conditioners in commercial applications.
A room air conditioner is a consumer product, other than a “packaged terminal air conditioner,”
which is powered by a single phase electric current, and which is an encased assembly designed
as a unit for mounting in a window or through the wall for the purpose of providing delivery of
conditioned air to an enclosed space. It includes a prime source of refrigeration and may include a
means for ventilating and heating.936 Minimum energy conservation standards for these appliances
have been established by the Code for Federal Regulations 10 CFR 430.32(b). As this standard
continues to be revised, and by association ENERGY STAR® standards continue to increase,
operational savings attributable to new RAC may justify early retirement before the full useful life
has been exhausted. To realize the anticipated savings, a currently functioning appliance 5 years
old or older of equivalent cooling capacity and type must be properly disposed of when a new
appliance is supplied to the customer.
where:
936
10 CFR 430.2.



(BTU/h)/unit From application.
If known, use the nameplate efficiency of the recycled
equipment, from application. Nameplate EER may be
converted to CEER by dividing EER by 1.01 (EER/1.01 =
CEERbaseline
CEER).937
If unknown, see Baseline Efficiencies section below.

Cooling equivalent full-load hours by building type, see
EFLHcooling
Appendix G.
NYC: 0.703
CF Other Cities:
0.305

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is 0.703 for NYC and 0.305 outside of NYC.938

The baseline condition is equivalent to the existing equipment. CEERbaseline shall be set equal to
the nameplate efficiency of the existing unit, converted from EER to CEER via the conversion
CEER = EER/1.01, if necessary. If nameplate efficiency is unavailable, use the rated efficiency
ratio based on recycled equipment manufacture date, type and capacity per the table below.
937
Conversion factor developed by comparing EER and CEER values reported in ENERGY STAR ® Program
Requirements for Room Air Conditioners Version Eligibility Criteria 3.1.
938
C&I Unitary HVAC Load Shape Project Final Report, KEMA, 2011, Table 0-6: NY - Inland and NY -
Urban/Coastal.

Recycled Equipment Manufactured Before June 2014
of Federal Regulations effective October 1, 2000, to May 31, 2014.939
Federal Standard
Without Louvered
Sides
(BTU/h) (CEER)
(CEER)
< 6,000 9.6 8.9
6,000 to 7,999 9.6 8.9
8,000 to 10,999 9.7 8.4
RAC without
11,000 to 13,999 9.7 8.4
Reverse Cycle
14,000 to 19,999 9.6 8.4
20,000 to 27,999 8.4 8.4
≥ 28,000 8.4 8.4
< 14,000 8.9 8.4
RAC with
14,000 to 19,999 8.9 7.9
Reverse Cycle
≥ 20,000 8.4 7.9
Recycled Equipment Manufactured After June 2014
of Federal Regulations effective June 1, 2014.940
Federal Standard
Without Louvered
Sides
(BTU/h) (CEER)
(CEER)
< 6,000 11.0 10.0
6,000 to 7,999 11.0 10.0
8,000 to 10,999 10.9 9.6
RAC without
11,000 to 13,999 10.9 9.5
Reverse Cycle
14,000 to 19,999 10.7 9.3
20,000 to 27,999 9.4 9.4
≥ 28,000 9.0 9.4
< 14,000 9.8 9.3
RAC with
14,000 to 19,999 9.8 8.7
Reverse Cycle
≥ 20,000 9.3 8.7
939
10 CFR 430.32(b), CFR EER values were converted to CEER values by dividing by 1.01. Conversion factor
developed by comparing EER and CEER values reported in ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Room Air
Conditioners Version Eligibility Criteria 4.1.
940
10 CFR 430.32(b)


The compliance condition is the recycling of an existing room air conditioner as defined in the
Operating Hours
Reference Appendix G for applicable EFLH value for specific building use type and geographic
location.

Six room air conditioners with louvered sides and capacity of 7,829 BTU/h each,
manufactured in 2012 are recycled by a primary school near Albany. The recycled units have a
rated CEER of 9.8. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric

(BTU/h)/unit = 7,829 BTU/h, from application
CEERbaseline = 9.8, from application
EFLHcooling = 297 hours, from Appendix G based on building type from Small Commercial
Cooling EFLH table
7,829 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 6 × × × 297 = 1,424 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 9.8
7,829 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 6 × × × 0.305 = 1.462 𝑘𝑊
1,000 9.8

See Appendix P.



References
1. CFR 10-430.32 Energy and water conservation standards and their compliance dates.
se10.3.430_132
2. C&I Unitary HVAC Load Shape Project Final Report, KEMA, August 2, 2011, Table 0-
6; (accessed March 21, 2017).
Available from:
http://www.neep.org/sites/default/files/resources/NEEP_HVAC_Load_Shape_Report_Fi
nal_August2.pdf
3. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements, Product Specification for Room Air
Conditioners, Eligibility Criteria, Version 4.0, February 2015.
Available from:
%204.0%20Room%20Air%20Conditioners%20Specification.pdf
4. Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships, Loadshape Report and Catalogue.
Available from: http://neep.org/loadshape-report-and-catalogue
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_132
6. California Public Utilities Commission: Database for Energy Efficient Resources
(DEER) – 2014, Updated-EULrecords_02-05-2014; EUL ID: HV-RAC-ES.
Available from: http://deeresources.com/files/deerchangelog/deerchangelog.html
Record of Revision
1-16-15 12/31/2015
4-16-2 3/31/2015
6-17-8 6/30/2017
3-23-12 3/31/2023

BUILDING SHELL
AIR CURTAIN
Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the installation of air curtains, which act as air barriers between
environments. Also known as air doors, air curtains act as a controlled barrier for environmental
and thermal separation between conditioned and unconditioned air when a building’s doors are
opened. They reduce cross mitigation of warm, lighter air flowing through the upper part of the
opening and cold, heavier air flowing through the lower part of the opening while allowing an
uninterrupted flow of traffic and unobstructed vision through the opening.
Qualifying air curtains must cover the entire door opening and operate only during the cooling and
heating seasons. This measure is only applicable to entryways with overhead doors between indoor
conditioned and outdoor unconditioned spaces.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
∆(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = {[ ] − (ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 0.746)} × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
∆(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = {[ ] × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 − (ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 0.746)} × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
× 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 24
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ] × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 1,000
where:
4.5 × 𝑄𝐴,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (𝐻𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )

∆(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛
1,000

𝑄𝐴,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = √𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 2 + 𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 2
𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑀𝑃𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × ℎ𝑡 × 𝑙 × 𝐹𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 88
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
= 60 × ℎ𝑡 × 𝑙 × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒
(𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
× √32.2 × ℎ𝑡 ×
(𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + 459.67)
1.08 × 𝑄𝐴,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )

∆(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛
1,000
𝑄𝐴,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = √𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 2 + 𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 2
𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑀𝑃𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × ℎ𝑡 × 𝑙 × 𝐹𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 88
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
(𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
× √32.2 × ℎ𝑡 ×
(𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 + 459.67)
where:
∆(kBTU/h) = Change in rate of heat transfer through doorway
Seasonal Performance Factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output (supply heat)
in BTU (including resistance heating) during the heating season / total electric
energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour); if equipment efficiency is reported
in COP, convert to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412
EffFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating system efficiency
FElecHeat = Electric heating factor, used to include electric heating system impacts as
applicable
FFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating factor, used to include fossil fuel heating system impacts as
applicable

hpcurtain = Horsepower of air curtain motor

hrs = Daily run hours of air curtains
days = Days of operation of air curtains
CF = Coincident factor
QA = Total air flow entering doorway, in Cubic Feet per Minute
Hindoor = Average indoor enthalpy
Houtdoor = Average outdoor enthalpy
Tindoor = Average indoor set temperature
Toutdoor = Average outdoor temperature
Effcurtain = Effectiveness of air curtain
Qwind = Air flow entering doorway due to wind
Qthermal = Air flow entering doorway due to thermal factors
MPH = Wind speed, in miles per hour
ht = height of doorway, in feet
l = length of doorway, in feet
Fopening = Effectiveness of opening factor
Fdischarge = Discharge coefficient for opening
1.08 = Specific heat of air x density of inlet air at 70ºF x 60 min/hr, in BTU/h-ºF-CFM
1,000 = Conversion factor, on kBTU equals 1,000 BTU
88 = Conversion factor, one mile per hour equals 88 feet per minute
60 = Conversion factor, one minute equals 60 seconds
32.2 = Gravitational Constant, in ft/s2
459.67 = Conversion factor, Fahrenheit to Rankine

Calculate per prescribed algorithms above. Using suggested
default values in this methodology, there is a fixed linear
relationship between ∆(kBTU/h)cooling and the area of the
∆(kBTU/h)cooling entryway served by the air curtain. As such, a simplified
approach for establishing default ∆(kBTU/h)cooling values
based on location and entryway area (A = ht x l) in ft2 are
provided in the Default Values table below.
Calculate per prescribed algorithms above. Using suggested
default values in this methodology, there is a fixed linear
relationship between ∆(kBTU/h)heating and the area of the
∆(kBTU/h)heating entryway served by the air curtain. As such, a simplified
approach for establishing default ∆(kBTU/h)heating values
based on location and entryway area (A = ht x l) in ft2 are
provided in the Default Values table below.


From application. SEER or IEER shall be used, based on
EffElecCool nameplate rating metric of existing equipment. For equipment
rated in SEER2, SEER2 rating shall be used.
From application. HSPF shall be used, based on nameplate
rating metric of existing equipment. If equipment is rated in
EffElecHeat COP, convert to HSPF using the equivalency HPSF = COP x
3.412. For equipment rated in HSPF2, HSPF2 rating shall be
used.
From application. Ec, Et, or AFUE shall be used, based on
EffFuelHeat
nameplate rating metric of existing equipment.
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise use 0.0.
hpcurtain From application.
From application, or lookup based on location and season in
dayscooling
table below.
From application, or lookup based on location and season in
daysheating
table below.
CF 0.8
Hindoor,cooling 34.6 Based on 85F and 50% RH.
Houtdoor,cooling Lookup from Climate Data table below based on location.941
Tindoor,cooling From application or use 85F as a default.942
Toutdoor,cooling Lookup from Climate Data table below based on location.943
Tindoor,heating From application or use 60F as a default.944
Toutdoor,heating Lookup from Climate Data table below based on location.945
Curtain effectiveness, based on midpoint of expected range
Effcurtain 0.7
(0.6 – 0.8).946
MPHcooling Lookup from Climate Data table below based on location.947
MPHheating Lookup from Climate Data table below based on location.948
ht From application.
l From application.
Fopening 0.3 Assumes diagonal wind.949
941
942
ECCNYS 2020; Table C403.4.1.4 Heated or Cooled Vestibules (Mandatory).
943
944
ECCCNYS 2020; Table C403.4.1.4 Heated or Cooled Vestibules (Mandatory).
945
946
2019 ASHARE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 58, pg. 58.34.
947
Ibid.
948
Ibid.
949
2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 16, pg. 16.14


The discharge coefficient accounts for all viscous effects such
as surface drag and interfacial mixing through the door,
dependent on number of entry points into the conditioned
Fdischarge 0.4 space.950 A single entrance is assumed for simplicity. Effects
of indoor and outdoor temperature differential are expected to
have negligible impact on this factor and are therefore
ignored.
Default Values951
City ∆(kBTU/h)cooling ∆(kBTU/h)heating
Albany 4.12A - 0.48 2.57A - 1.06
Binghamton 3.68A - 0.16 2.82A - 0.95
Buffalo 4.92A - 0.14 3.15A - 0.76
Massena 3.72A - 0.36 2.41A - 0.95
NYC 7.00A - 0.56 2.43A - 0.35
Poughkeepsie 3.15A - 0.66 1.25A - 0.76
Syracuse 4.16A - 0.42 2.68A - 0.93
Climate Data952,953,954,955
Toutdoor, cooling Toutdoor, heating Houtdoor,cooling MPHcooling MPHheating
City
(ºF) (ºF) (BTU/lb) (mph) (mph)
Albany 87.3 45.5 36.2 6.43 8.46
Binghamton 86.1 45.5 35.3 7.23 9.41
Buffalo 86.0 46.0 35.3 8.67 10.99
Massena 86.8 46.3 35.9 6.23 8.41
NYC 88.7 50.1 37.3 9.70 12.09
Poughkeepsie 86.9 49.7 35.9 4.30 5.70
Syracuse 87.2 45.8 36.1 6.77 9.14
950
2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 16, pg. 16.14. eqn. 39.
951
“A” represents the area of the doorway in ft2 (A = ht x l).
952
953
2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 14, Climate Data Tables.
954
The cooling season is defined as the date range over which the outdoor air temperature is above 85°F for at least
one hour in a day. The cooling season is defined as the date range over which the outdoor air temperature is below
60°F for at least one hour in a day. Temperature values are based on the 90 th percentile hourly temperature during
the cooling and heating seasons.
955
Enthalpy values are based on psychrometric analysis of air at average dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures across
the cooling season when the outdoor dry bulb temperature is above the assumed balance point of 65F.
MPH values reflect the average monthly values throughout the respective season (cooling/heating) identified by the
ASHRAE Handbook.

Days of Operation956
City Heating Season Days Cooling Season Days
Albany 227 72
Binghamton 227 7
Buffalo 203 45
Massena 209 68
NYC 180 98
Poughkeepsie 205 58
Syracuse 217 70


The baseline condition for this measure is an entryway with overhead doors and no air curtains
installed.

The compliance condition for this measure is an air curtain over an entryway with overhead doors
between conditioned and unconditioned spaces. Qualifying air curtains must cover the entire door
opening. Air curtains shall operate only during the cooling and heating seasons.
Operating Hours
Air curtain operating hours shall be based on application. Default values for number of operating
days in cooling and heating seasons are provided in the Summary of Variables and Data Sources
table above.

An air curtain with a 1/4 hp fan motor is installed in the 7 x 3 ft entryway of a small grocery
store near Albany. The store has central AC with a SEER of 13 and gas heating with 82%
AFUE. The door is used for 12 hours per day, 227 days per year in the heating season and 72
days per year in the cooling season. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak
956
Derived from NCEI 1991-2020 Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals. Heating Season Days reflect the number of
days in the year on which the 90th percentile hourly temperature falls below 60°F for at least one hour. Similarly,
Cooling Season Days reflect the number of days in the year on which the 90 th percentile hourly temperature falls
above 85°F for at least one hour.
957

𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 24
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ] × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 1,000
where:
∆(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = {[ ] − (ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 0.746)} × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
4.5 × 𝑄𝐴,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (𝐻𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝐻𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )

∆(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛
1,000
𝑄𝐴,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = √𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 2 + 𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 2
𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑀𝑃𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × ℎ𝑡 × 𝑙 × 𝐹𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 88
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
(𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
× √32.2 × ℎ𝑡 ×
(𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + 459.67)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = {[ ] × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 − (ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 0.746)} × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
× 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1.08 × 𝑄𝐴,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
= × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛
1,000
𝑄𝐴,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = √𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 2 + 𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 2
𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑀𝑃𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × ℎ𝑡 × 𝑙 × 𝐹𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 88
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
(𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
× √32.2 × ℎ𝑡 ×
(𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 + 459.67)

hpcurtain = 0.25, from application

FFuelHeat = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
daysheating = 227, from application
dayscooling = 72, from application
Hindoor,cooling = 34.6, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Houtdoor,cooling = 36.2, from Climate Data table based on location
Tindoor,cooling = 85F, default value from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Toutdoor,cooling = 87.3F, from Climate Data table based on location
Tindoor,heating = 60F, default value from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Toutdoor,heating = 45.5F, from Climate Data table based on location
Effcurtain = 0.7, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
MPHcooling = 6.43, from Climate Data table based on location
MPHheating = 8.46, from Climate Data table based on location
ht = 7 ft, from application
l = 3 ft, from application
Fopening = 0.3, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fdischarge = 0.4, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 6.43 × 7 × 3 × 0.3 × 88 = 3,564.79
(87.3 − 85)
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 60 × 7 × 3 × 0.4 × √32.2 × 7 × = 490.67
(87.3 + 459.67)
𝑄𝐴,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = √3,564.792 + 490.672 = 3,601.37
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈 4.5 × 3,601.37 × (36.2 − 34.6)

∆( ) = × 0.7 = 18.15
ℎ 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 1,000
18.15
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = {[ ] − (0.25 × 0.746)} × 12 × 72 = 1,045.14
13
𝑄𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 8.46 × 7 × 3 × 0.3 × 88 = 4,690.22
(60 − 45.5)
𝑄𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 60 × 7 × 3 × 0.4 × √32.2 × 7 × = 1,263.94
(60 + 459.67)
𝑄𝐴,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = √4,690.222 + 1,263.942 = 4,857.54

1.08 × 4,857.54 × (60 − 45.5)

∆(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 0.7 = 53.25
1,000
53.25
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = {[ ] × 0 − (0.25 × 0.746)} × 12 × 227 = −508.03
𝑁/𝐴
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (936 + (−508.03)) = 427.97 𝑘𝑊ℎ
427.97
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × 0.8 = 0.2 𝑘𝑊
72 × 24
53.25
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × [ ] × 1 × 12 × 227 = 176.89 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.82 × 1,000

See Appendix P.


In addition to cooling and heating savings, installation of an air curtain results in increased electric
load due to added fan power.
References
2. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.4.1.4 Heated or Cooled Vestibules (Mandatory).
3. 2019 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 58: Room Air Distribution.
4. 2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 16: Ventilation and Infiltration.
5. 2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 14: Climate Design Information.
Record of Revision
3-20-6 3/30/2020

AIR LEAKAGE SEALING

Measure Description
This measure covers methods of sealing air leakage paths to reduce the natural air infiltration rate
of a building through the installation of products and repairs to the building envelope, including,
but not limited to, caulking, gasketing, and weather stripping. Sealing the thermal envelope reduces
passive convective heat transfer between conditioned and unconditioned spaces or outside air,
thereby reducing heating and cooling loads and improving occupant comfort. This measure is only
applicable as a retrofit in existing buildings. This measure is not applicable to gut rehab/major
renovation projects, which entail whole-building envelope alterations that trigger more stringent
code provisions, limiting potential incremental savings.
The exterior envelope, as well as interior walls/partitions between conditioned and unconditioned
spaces should be inspected and all gaps sealed. At a minimum, the following items shall be
inspected, and sealing measures may be implemented based upon inspection results:
• Caulk and weather strip doors and windows that leak air
• Repair or replace doors leading from conditioned to unconditioned space
In cases where blower door testing is conducted before and after implementation of air sealing
treatments, those measurements shall be utilized in the estimation of energy impacts via the method
below. A blower door test is performed to measure the leakage rate by depressurizing the building
to a standard pressure difference of 75 Pascals or 0.3 inches of water. The flowrate indicates the
leakage rate, or infiltration and exfiltration rate, of the building shell.
(𝐶𝐹𝑀75 /𝑆𝐹)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (𝐶𝐹𝑀75 /𝑆𝐹)𝑒𝑒

[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐿𝑀 × 1.08 × 𝐶𝐷𝐷 × 24
𝐹𝑛,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 =
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 1.08 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝐹𝑛,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐹ℎ
=
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 × 1,000


[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐿𝑀 × 1.08
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000

[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 1.08 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
where:
∆kWhcooling = Annual electric cooling energy savings
∆kWhheating = Annual electric heating energy savings
(CFM75/SF) = Infiltration rate (cubic foot per minute per building square foot) at a negative
pressure differential of 75 Pa or 0.3 inches of water958
Fn,cooling = Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, used to convert pressurized blower door testing
results to natural infiltration rates, climate zone factor during cooling season
Fn,heating = Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, used to convert pressurized blower door testing
results to natural infiltration rates, climate zone factor during heating season
Fh = Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, used to convert pressurized blower door testing
results to natural infiltration rates, building height factor
LM = Latent Multiplier, used to convert the sensible cooling savings calculated to a
value representing sensible and latent cooling loads
SF = Square footage of the above- and below-grade building envelope959 (ft2)
CDD = Cooling Degree Day
HDD = Heating Degree Day
HSPF = Seasonal average energy efficiency of electric heating equipment. Heating
electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour); if equipment efficiency
is reported in COP, convert to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x
3.412
958
ECCCNYS 2020 C402.5 Air leakage – thermal envelope (Mandatory).
959
ECCCNYS 2020 C406.9 Reduced air infiltration.

1.08 = Specific heat of air x density of inlet air @ 70ºF x 60 min/hr, in BTU/h-ºF-
CFM960
24 = Hours in a day

If pre-implementation blower door test results
(CFM75/SF)baseline
are unavailable, use 0.40 CFM75/SF as
default.961
If post -implementation blower door test results
(CFM75/SF)ee
are unavailable, use 0.25 CFM75/SF as
default.962,963,964
Look up in Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, Climate
Fn,cooling Zone table below based on location and
building shielding class, as defined below.
Look up in Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, Climate
Fn,heating Zone table below based on location and
building shielding class, as defined below.
960
961
962
ECCCNYS 2020 C406.9 Reduced air infiltration.
963
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Air Leakage Test Protocol for Building Envelopes, Version 3, May 11, 2012, p. 7
964
NIST, Analysis of U.S. Commercial Building Envelope Air Leakage Database to Support Sustainable Building
Design. Analysis of air sealing in commercial buildings demonstrates buildings exceeding ECCCNYS Additional
Efficiency Packages requirements.


Based on the number of conditioned stories in
the building, from application.965 The selected
value should reflect the number of stories
located inside the conditioned envelope of the
Fh = 𝑁𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 −0.3
building. Unconditioned basements and attics
should not be included. Upper levels without
full height perimeter walls shall be considered
as half-stories (0.5).
Look up in the Latent Multiplier table below,
LM
based on location.
From application. If unknown, lookup based on
CDD location in Heating and Cooling Degree Days
table in the Operating Hours section below.
HDD location in Heating and Cooling Degree Days
table in the Operating Hours section below.
From application. SEER or IEER shall be used,
based on nameplate rating metric of existing
EffElecCool
equipment. For equipment rated in SEER2,
From application. HSPF shall be used, based on
nameplate rating metric of existing equipment.
If equipment is rated in COP, convert to HSPF
HSPF
using the equivalency HPSF = COP x 3.412.
For equipment rated in HSPF2, HSPF2 rating
shall be used.
From application. For equipment rated in
EER2, EER2 rating shall be used. If unknown,
EER baseline EER is established as follows966:
𝐸𝐸𝑅 = (1.12 × EffElecCool )
− (0.02 × EffElecCool 2 )
From application. Ec, Et, or AFUE shall be
Effheating used, based on nameplate rating metric of
existing equipment.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is electrically
FElecHeat
heated. Otherwise, use 0.0.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is fossil fuel
FFuelHeat
heated. Otherwise use 0.0.
NYC: 0.822
CF
Outside of NYC: 0.477
965
LBL, Exegesis of Proposed ASHRAE Standard 119: Air Leakage Performance for Detached Single-Family
Residential Buildings, M. Sherman, July 1986, pg. 12.
966

Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, Climate Zone

The Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, Climate Zone converts pressurized blower door testing results to
natural infiltration rates with consideration for climate zone. Look up Fn,cooling and Fn,heating in the
tables below based on climate zone and shielding class, as defined below, based on application.967
Shielding Class968:
(1) No shielding on any side
(2) A few nearby obstructions
(3) A collection of obstructions within 25 feet
(4) Substantial number of obstructions shield most of the perimeter – typical suburban setting
(5) Building surrounded by large structures – typical urban setting
Shielding Fn,cooling
Class Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
1 12 11 10 11 9 11 12
2 14 13 11 12 10 13 14
3 16 15 13 15 12 15 16
4 20 19 17 19 16 19 20
5 34 32 29 32 27 33 34
Shielding Fn,heating
Class Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
1 12 10 9 10 8 10 11
2 13 11 10 11 9 11 12
3 15 13 12 13 10 13 15
4 19 17 15 17 13 17 18
5 28 26 24 26 22 26 27
Latent Multiplier969
The Latent Multiplier converts the sensible cooling load savings captured in the savings equation
to a savings capturing both latent and sensible load savings. The multiplier accommodates for the
967
Infiltration-Leakage Ratio is calculated based on the derivation for air flow rate as outlined in ASHRAE
Handbook – Fundamentals, 2017, Chapter 16 Ventilation and Infiltration, Section 10 Simplified Models of
Residential Ventilation and Infiltration, p. 16.24: Airflow Rate (CFM) = Effective Air Leakage Area Conversion
Factor * SQRT(Stack Coefficient * | Temperature Difference | + Wind Coefficient * (Wind Velocity) 2). Stack
Coefficient and Wind Coefficient values are applied from Table 4 Basic Model Stack Coefficient Cs and Table 6
Basic Model Wind Coefficient Cw. Hourly wind speeds and ambient air temperatures are downloaded from NCEI.
Effective Air Leakage Area Conversion Factor is calculated as outlined in Computing Manual J Infiltration Loads
Based Upon a Target Envelope Leakage Requirement (ACCA, October 2016) Sections 2 and 5. At a pressurization
of 75 CFM and assuming sea level, Equivalent Leakage Ratio = (0.2835*(4)^0.65)/(75)^0.65 = 0.042. Applying a
building balance point of 65, hourly Normalized Airflow Rates are calculated for the heating season (below 65F)
and the cooling season (above 65F). The inverse of the average of the hourly airflow rates are applied as the
seasonal factors, Fn,cooling and Fn,heating, as outlined in Infiltration Factor Calculation Methodology, Bruce Harley,
Senior Manager, Applied Building Science, CLEAResult, 11/18/2015, as published in a IL TRM Memo, November
25, 2015.
968
ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, 2017. Chapter 16 Ventilation and Infiltration, Section 10 Simplified
Models of Residential Ventilation and Infiltration, Table 5 Local Shelter Classes.
969
ASHRAE Journal, Dehumidification and Cooling Loads From Ventilation Air, Lewis Harriman, November
1997.

energy savings impacts associated with decreased humidity influx in a building with improved air
sealing. During the cooling season, humidity poses an additional load on the cooling system. The
Latent Multiplier is the ratio of total heat load (latent and sensible) to sensible heat load. Set indoor
conditions are taken as 75ºF and 50% rh.
Location Latent Load Sensible Load Latent Multiplier (LM)

Albany 2.3 0.4 6.8
Binghamton 2.2 0.1 23.0
Buffalo 1.9 0.2 10.5
Massena 2.1 0.2 11.5
NYC 2.6 0.5 6.2
Poughkeepsie* 3.0 0.6 6.0
Syracuse 2.1 0.3 8.0
*Poughkeepsie data is approximated from Hartford, Connecticut due to limited available data


Baseline flow rate CFM75/SF shall come from blower door testing. If pre-implementation blower-
door results are unavailable, use default of 0.4 CFM75/SF.971 For all buildings, if a blower door test
can be conducted, pre-implementation results will serve as existing conditions.

The compliance condition is the application of air leakage sealing treatments to an existing
building envelope (excluding gut rehab/major renovations) such that the exterior envelope, as well
as interior walls/partitions between conditioned and unconditioned spaces have been inspected and
all gaps sealed. Compliance flow rate CFM75/SF shall come from blower door testing. If post-
implementation blower-door results are unavailable, use default of 0.25 CFM75/SF. For all
buildings, if a blower door test can be conducted, post-implementation results will serve as
efficient condition.
At a minimum, the following items shall be inspected, and sealing measures may be implemented
based upon inspection results:
• Caulk and weather strip doors and windows that leak air
• Repair or replace doors leading from conditioned to unconditioned space
970
Urban/Coastal.
971

Operating Hours
Effective heating and cooling hours associated with benefits of air sealing are established via the
Heating and Cooling Degree Days table below.

City HDD CDD
Albany 6,391 721
Buffalo 6,502 607
Massena 8,030 406
NYC 4,900 1017
Syracuse 6,625 618

Caulking was performed to seal air leakage in a 3 story, 15,000 square foot commercial
building located near Albany after a blower door test was conducted. The building has central
air conditioning with an IEER of 13 and EER of 10.8 and a gas heating system with 82%
thermal efficiency. The building is surrounded by multiple structures of equal or greater height
and the location has a HDD of 6,682 and a CDD of 602. The pre-implementation blower-door
test results yielded a (CFM75/SF)baseline of 0.44 whereas the post-implementation blower door
test results yielded (CFM75/SF)ee of 0.27. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak

[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐿𝑀 × 1.08 × 𝐶𝐷𝐷 × 24
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 =
[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 1.08 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
=
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 × 1,000

[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 𝐿𝑀 × 1.08
𝐸𝐸𝑅 × 1,000
972
HDD/CDD taken from NCEI 1991-2020 climate normal climate normal using a 65ºF balance point.

[ ] × 𝑆𝐹 × 1.08 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
=
(CFM75/SF)baseline = 0.44, from application

(CFM75/SF)ee = 0.27, from application
LM = 6.8, from Latent Multiplier table
CDD = 602, from application
HDD = 6,682, from application
Fn,cooling = 34, from Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, Climate Zone table based on Shielding Class (5)
and City
Fn,heating = 28, from Infiltration-Leakage Ratio, Climate Zone table based on Shielding class
and City
Fh = Nstories – 0.3 = 3– 0.3 = 0.719
Nstories = 3, from application
EER = 10.8, from application
FElecHeat= 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources, since building is fossil fuel heated
FFuelHeat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources, since building is fossil fuel heated
CF = 0.477, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources, based on location
0.44 − 0.27
[ ] × 15,000 × 6.8 × 1.08 × 602 × 24
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 34 × 0.719 = 851.39
13 × 1,000
0.44 − 0.27
[ 28 × 0.719 ] × 15,000 × 1.08 × 6,682 × 24 × 0
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = =0
𝑁/𝐴 × 1,000
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 851 + 0 = 851 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.44 − 0.27
[ 34 × 0.719 ] × 15,000 × 6.8 × 1.08
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.477
10.8 × 1,000
= 0.034 𝑘𝑊
0.44 − 0.27
[ 28 × 0.719 ] × 15,000 × 1.08 × 6,682 × 24 × 1
0.82 × 1,000,000

See Appendix P.



References
1. ECCCNYS 2020 Section C402.5 Air leakage – thermal envelope (Mandatory).
2. ECCCNYS 2020 Section C406.9 Reduced air infiltration.
3. US Army Corps of Engineers Air Leakage Test Protocol for Building Envelopes, Version
3, May 11, 2012.
Available from:
https://www.wbdg.org/FFC/ARMYCOE/usace_airleakagetestprotocol.pdf
4. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Analysis of U.S. Commercial Building
Envelope Air Leakage Database to Support Sustainable Building Design.
Available from: https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=914293
5. Lawrence Berkley Laboratory, University of California, Exegesis of Proposed ASHRAE
Standard 119: Air Leakage Performance for Detached Single-Family Residential
Buildings, M. Sherman, July 1986.
Available from: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4268v5z5
Available from:
ation_revised.pdf
7. 2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 16: Ventilation and Infiltration
Normals.
9. Air Conditioning Contractors of America, Technical Reference Note, Computing Manual
J Infiltration Loads Based Upon a Target Envelope Leakage Requirement, Note 2016-1,
October 2016.
Available from: https://higherlogicdownload.s3.amazonaws.com/ACCA/c6b38bda-2e04-
4f93-bd51-
7a80525ad936/UploadedImages/Infiltration%20per%20Blower%20Door%20Test%20Oc
t2016.pdf

10. Infiltration Factor Calculation Methodology, Bruce Harley, Senior Manager, Applied
Building Science, CLEAResult. As captured in Appendix A of the Illinois Technical
Advisory Committee’s Memorandum, TRM Version 5 Draft 1 Review – Second Measure
Group, November 25, 2015.
Available from: https://www.ilsag.info/wp-
content/uploads/SAG_files/Technical_Reference_Manual/Version_5/IL_TAC_Second_
Measure_Group_Draft_Memo_11-25-2015.pdf
11. ASHRAE Journal, Dehumidification and Cooling Loads From Ventilation Air, Lewis
Harriman, November 1997.
Available from: https://energy.mo.gov/sites/energy/files/harriman-dehumidification-and-
cooling-loads-from-ventilation-air.pdf
Available from:
https://neep.org/sites/default/files/resources/NEEP_HVAC_Load_Shape_Report_Final_
August2.pdf
13. ECCCNYS 2020 Section C402.5.1 Air Barrier Testing.
14. NYSMC 2020; Section 401.2 Ventilation Required.
15. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Investigation of the Impact of
Commercial Building Envelope Airtightness on HVAC Energy Use, Emmerich et al,
2005.
16. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Analysis of the NIST Commercial and
Institutional Building Envelope Leakage Database, Emmerich et al, 2013.
Record of Revision
3-21-11 4/9/2021

INSULATION - HOT WATER AND STEAM PIPE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of fiberglass or rigid foam/cellular glass pipe insulation in
space heating hot water/steam and domestic hot water (DHW) distribution systems on uninsulated
copper, steel, CPVC or PEX piping with a nominal diameter between 0.50″ and 8.00″. Estimation
of energy savings depend on the type and size of the pipe, type and thickness of the insulation,
supply temperature of the heating medium and ambient temperature.
This measure is applicable in retrofit applications and must be installed by a qualified contractor
complying with all relevant construction and safety codes and standards. All insulation materials
installed under this measure are to be tested in accordance with all pertinent federal testing
standards (ASTM) and must be rated for the temperature range of the heating medium conveyed
by the affected system. Service hot water pipe insulation is limited to insulation of hot water
distribution pipe in unconditioned spaces only. Space heating pipe insulation is limited to
insulation installed in unheated spaces only.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑙 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝑙 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 × 1,000,000
where:
(UA/L) = Overall heat transfer coefficient per unit length (BTU/h-○F-ft)
Et = Thermal efficiency of hot water or steam system
l = Length of installed insulation (ft) in unconditioned spaces
ΔTamb = Temperature difference between hot water or steam in pipe and surrounding
ambient air temperature (○F)

ElecSF = Electric Savings Factor for water heaters: Adjustment to electric water heating
energy savings based on water heating fuel
FuelSF = Fossil fuel Savings Factor for water heaters: Adjustment to fossil fuel water
heating energy savings based on water heating fuel

Lookup from Baseline Efficiencies section
(UA/L)baseline
below, based on pipe diameter.
Lookup from Compliance Efficiency
(UA/L)ee section below, based on pipe diameter and
insulation type and thickness.
From application. If unknown, use default
Et,elec DHW: 0.98 thermal efficiency of typical electric
storage type water heater provided.973
DHW: 0.80 From application. If unknown, use default
Et,fuel HW and Steam Boilers: See efficiency of typical gas storage type water
Boiler Efficiencies section below heater and boiler efficiencies provided.974
l From application.
ΔTamb Tpipe – Tamb
DHW: 125
Average temperature of hot water in
Tpipe HW Boiler: 160
distribution system piping (○F).975
Steam Boiler: 212
DHW: 70 Surrounding average ambient air
Tamb
Space Heat: 50 temperature (○F).976,977
Electric WH: 1.0
Based on EIA Commercial Buildings
Fossil Fuel WH: 0
ElecSF Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)
Unknown WH: 0.46
2018 for Middle Atlantic States.978
Space Heat: 0
973
Per 10 CFR 431 Subpart G, Appendix B 5.7.1.
974
Per 10 CFR 431.110 (a).
975
10 CFR Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430—Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of
Water Heaters, Section 2. Test Conditions, 2.5 Set Point Temperature.
976
Average annual ambient temperature in unconditioned spaces.
977
Average ambient temperature based on typical heating season conditions of unconditioned basements.
978
EIA Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for Middle Atlantic States, Table B4,
Water-heating energy sources (“Unknown” calculated as the number of buildings with electric water heating divided
by the total number of buildings with electric or gas water heating).


Electric WH: 0
Based on EIA Commercial Buildings
Fossil Fuel WH: 1.0
FuelSF Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)
Unknown WH: 0.52
2018 for Middle Atlantic States.979
Space Heat: 1.0
DHW: 8,760
hrs Space Heat: See Operating Hours section below.
EFLHheating (Appendix G)
Electric DHW: 1.0
CF
Hot Water: N/A
Boiler Efficiency
Efficiency for commercial boilers is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and
subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York State 980 as
shown below.
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor for domestic water heating is 1.0.981
The prescribed value for the coincidence factor for hot water heating is N/A.
979
EIA Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2018 for Middle Atlantic States, Table B4,
Water-heating energy sources (“Unknown” calculated as the number of buildings with gas water heating divided by
the total number of buildings with electric or gas water heating).
980
981


The baseline condition is bare copper, steel, CPVC or PEX domestic hot water or space heating
piping. Prescribed (UA/L)baseline values are provided in the table below based on the diameter of
pipe, pipe material, and application. HDPE piping was not considered.982 Pipe wall resistance and
exterior film resistance were not considered in the derivation of the values below. Calculations
were developed with NAIMA’s 3E Plus software program.983
(UA/L)baseline
Pipe
Bare Copper Piping Bare Steel Piping Bare CPVC/PEX Piping
Diameter
Domestic Hot Water Steam Hot Water Steam Domestic Hot Water
(in)
Hot Water Heat Heat Heat Heat Hot Water Heat
0.50 0.44 0.48 0.53 0.53 0.59 0.39 0.41
0.75 0.54 0.58 0.64 0.65 0.72 0.48 0.50
1.00 0.65 0.70 0.78 0.79 0.88 0.56 0.58
1.25 0.80 0.86 0.96 0.97 1.09 0.69 0.72
1.50 0.90 0.97 1.09 1.10 1.23 0.78 0.81
2.00 1.10 1.19 1.33 1.34 1.51 0.95 0.98
2.50 1.31 1.42 1.58 1.60 1.80 1.07 1.11
3.00 1.57 1.70 1.90 1.92 2.16 1.23 1.27
3.50 1.77 1.92 2.15 2.18 2.45 1.38 1.42
4.00 1.98 2.14 2.40 2.43 2.73 1.52 1.57
5.00 2.41 2.61 2.92 2.97 3.34 1.82 1.87
6.00 2.84 3.07 3.45 3.50 3.94 2.09 2.15
8.00 3.64 3.94 4.42 4.50 5.06 2.56 2.62

The compliance condition is a length of service hot water or space heating hot water/steam
distribution piping insulated in accordance with ECCCNYS. 984 Minimum required insulation
thicknesses per material conductivity are outlined in the table below based on fluid operating
temperature and pipe diameter ranges.
Fluid Nominal Pipe or Tube Size (in)

Operating Conductivity
Mean Rating
Temperature BTU-in/h- > 1 and > 1.5 > 4 and
Temperature <1 8
Range and SF-F < 1.5 and < 4 <8
Usage (○F)
201-250 0.27-0.30 150 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0
141-200 0.25-0.29 125 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0
105-140 0.21-0.28 100 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5
For piping smaller than 1.5 inches and located in partitions within conditioned spaces, reduction
of these thicknesses by 1 inch shall be permitted, before thickness adjustment, if necessary, but
not to a thickness less than 1 inch. For insulation outside the stated conductivity range, use the
982
HDPE piping was found to have limited savings potential through preliminarily modeling in 3E Plus® Version
4.1.
983
984
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.11.3 Minimum Pipe Insulation Thickness.

following equation to adjust the minimum required thickness from the table above:
𝑇 = 𝑟 × [(1 + 𝑡/𝑟) × 𝐾/𝑘 − 1]
where:
T = minimum insulation thickness
r = actual outside radius of pipe
t = insulation thickness listed in the table for applicable fluid temperature
K = conductivity of alternate material at mean rating temperature indicated for the
applicable fluid temperature
k = the upper value of the conductivity range listed in the table for the applicable
fluid temperature
The R-value is the thermal resistance of the insulating material, which is derived by dividing the
thickness of the material by the material’s thermal conductivity, or k-value. Thermal transmittance,
or the material’s U-factor, is the inverse of the R-value.
The (UA/L)ee values associated with fiberglass and rigid foam/cellular glass insulation of various
thicknesses provided in the table below shall be used to establish the compliance condition heat
transfer coefficient. Pipe diameter and insulation type and thickness shall be taken from the
application. The values below were calculated assuming a k-value of 0.25 BTU-in/hr-F-SF for
fiberglass and 0.35 BTU-in/ hr-F-SF for rigid foam/cellular glass insulation at 100ºF. Pipe wall
resistance and exterior film resistance were not considered in the derivation of the values below.
Calculations were developed with NAIMA’s 3E Plus software program.985
Pipe (UA/L)ee
Diameter Fiberglass Rigid Foam/Cellular Glass
(in) 0.5 in 1.0 in 1.5 in 2.0 in 2.5 in 3.0 in 0.5 in 1.0 in 1.5 in 2.0 in 2.5 in 3.0 in
0.50 0.12 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08
0.75 0.14 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.18 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.09
1.00 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.21 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.10
1.25 0.19 0.14 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.24 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.11
1.50 0.21 0.15 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.27 0.20 0.16 0.14 0.13 0.12
2.00 0.25 0.17 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.32 0.23 0.19 0.16 0.15 0.13
2.50 0.29 0.20 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.37 0.26 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.15
3.00 0.34 0.23 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.43 0.30 0.24 0.21 0.18 0.17
3.50 0.38 0.26 0.20 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.47 0.33 0.27 0.23 0.20 0.18
4.00 0.42 0.28 0.22 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.52 0.36 0.29 0.25 0.22 0.20
5.00 0.51 0.33 0.26 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.63 0.43 0.34 0.29 0.25 0.23
6.00 0.59 0.38 0.29 0.24 0.21 0.19 0.73 0.50 0.39 0.33 0.28 0.25
8.00 0.75 0.48 0.36 0.30 0.26 0.23 0.91 0.62 0.48 0.40 0.35 0.31
Service hot water pipe insulation for non-recirculating systems is limited to insulation of hot water
distribution pipe in unconditioned spaces. Space heating pipe insulation is limited to insulation
installed in unheated spaces only.
985

Operating Hours
Savings are assumed to be realized 8,760 hours per year for domestic hot water systems with
year-round recirculation. For systems with heating season recirculation only, hours based on
location per the table below shall be used. Hours values below were developed from NOAA
hourly normals986 by assuming a 65ºF balance point temperature and summing dry bulb hours
below the balance point.
City hrs
Albany 6,587
Binghamton 7,214
Buffalo 6,727
Massena 7,138
NYC 5,920
Poughkeepsie 6,481
Syracuse 6,671
Operating hours for water and steam boiler space heating systems are prescribed by equivalent
full-load hours. Equipment heating EFLH shall be taken from the application. If unknown, default
EFLH by facility type, system type and location can be found in Appendix G.

1.0-inch fiberglass insulation is installed on 20 feet of bare 1.25” copper piping located in
unconditioned spaces used for distribution of electrically heated domestic hot water in a
commercial building. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝑙 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
(UA/L)baseline = 0.80, from baseline efficiency based on pipe material, size, and application
(UA/L)ee = 0.14, from compliance efficiency based on pipe material, size, and application
Et,elec = 0.98; from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
l = 20, from application.
ΔTamb = Tpipe – Tamb = 125-70 = 55, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based
on pipe application
ElecSF = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
986

0.80 − 0.14
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 20 × 55 × 8,760 × 1.0 = 1,863.94 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1.0 × 3,412
1,863.94
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1.0 = 0.21 𝑘𝑊
8,760

See Appendix P.


References
1. 10 CFR 431 Subpart G – Commercial Water Heaters, Hot Water Supply Boilers and
Unfired Hot Water Storage Tanks, Appendix B - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Standby Loss of Electric Storage Water Heaters and Storage-Type Instantaneous Water
Heaters.
idx?SID=e0518d0e0befdd3d0f69d20f62691096&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
ap10.3.431_1110.b
2. 10 CFR 431.110 Energy Conservation Standards and Their Effective Dates.
idx?SID=e0518d0e0befdd3d0f69d20f62691096&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=di
v5#se10.3.431_1110
3. 10 CFR Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430—Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Energy Consumption of Water Heaters, Section 2. Test Conditions, 2.5 Set Point
Temperature.
Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2013-title10-
vol3/pdf/CFR-2013-title10-vol3-part430.pdf
4. EIA Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) 2012 Survey Data for
Middle Atlantic States, May 2016.
Available from: https://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2018/#b3-b5
5. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C404.2 Minimum Performance of Water-heating Equipment
& Table C403.11.3 Minimum Pipe Insulation Thickness.
6. 3E Plus, NAIMA, Insulation Institute, Version 4.1.

Available from: https://insulationinstitute.org/tools-resources/free-3e-plus/
Record of Revision
12-18-9 12/28/2018
12-20-6 12/31/2020
3-23-14 3/31/2023

INSULATION - OPAQUE SHELL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of wall and ceiling insulation to reduce the thermal
conductance of the building envelope. Energy and demand savings are realized through reductions
in the building’s heating and cooling loads. Existing (baseline) and installed (qualifying) shell R-
values must be captured in order to estimate energy savings. This measure is only applicable as a
retrofit in existing buildings. This measure is not applicable to gut rehab/major renovation projects
which entail whole-building envelope alterations that trigger more stringent code provisions,
limiting potential incremental savings.
For applications involving both wall and ceiling insulation, evaluate each component separately
via the method below and sum together to determine total estimated energy savings.
1 1
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 + ∆𝑅
=
1 1
= 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
1,000 × 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹
1 1
(𝑅 − 𝑅 ) × 𝐴 × (1 − 𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
1,000 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅
1 1
(𝑅 − 𝑅 ) × 𝐴 × (1 − 𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
where:
ΔkWhcooling = Annual electric cooling energy savings

ΔkWhheating = Annual electric heating energy savings

Rbaseline = R-value of existing insulation (ft2-Fº-h/BTU)
∆R = Difference in R-value between installed insulation and existing insulation (ft2-Fº-
h/BTU)
A = Area of insulated surfaces (SF)
Fframing = Framing factor
heating system
fuel heating system
HSPF = Seasonal average energy efficiency of electric heating equipment. Heating
Seasonal Performance Factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output (supply heat)
in BTU (including resistance heating) during the heating season / total electric
energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour); if equipment efficiency is reported
in COP, convert to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412

From application. If unknown, lookup in Baseline
Rbaseline Efficiency section below, based on building vintage
and building envelope component.
∆R From application.
A From application.


Thermal Design and Code Compliance987
Walls: 0.25
Fframing California Energy Commission, 2013 Building Energy
Ceilings: 0.07
Efficiency Standards.988
FElecCool
CDD location in Heating and Cooling Degree Days table
below.
HDD location in Heating and Cooling Degree Days table
below.
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
From application. SEER or IEER shall be used, based
on nameplate rating metric of existing equipment. For
EffElecCool
equipment rated in SEER2, SEER2 rating shall be
used.
nameplate rating metric of existing equipment. If
HSPF equipment is rated in COP, convert to HSPF using the
equivalency HPSF = COP x 3.412. For equipment
rated in HSPF2, HSPF2 rating shall be used.
EER
rating shall be used.
From application. Ec, Et, or AFUE shall be used, based
EffFuelHeat
on nameplate rating metric of existing equipment.
NYC: 0.822
CF

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is 0.822 for NYC and 0.477 outside of
NYC.989
987
Thermal Design and Code Compliance for Cold-Formed Steel Walls, 2015, American Iron and Steel Institute, pg.
17.
988
California Energy Commission, 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, Appendix JA4(2). 7.25 percent of
the attic insulation above the framing members is assumed to be at half depth, due to decreased depth of insulation at
the eaves. This assumption was derived using the parallel path method as documented in the 2009 ASHRAE
Handbook of Fundamentals.
989
Urban/Coastal.


The baseline condition is a building envelope with insufficient insulation (i.e., not compliant with
all applicable construction code requirements). Because existing insufficient insulation is used to
establish baseline for this measure, there is no distinction in the approach for baseline
determination between market-rate and LMI applications. R-value of existing insulation shall
come from application. If unknown, lookup wall and ceiling R-values based on vintage and
building type from Appendix A.

The compliance condition is a commercial opaque building shell with increased insulation meeting
or exceeding applicable construction code requirements. The installed R-value must be captured
and included in the program application.
Opaque shell insulation improvements performed under this measure shall be installed such that
that all altered envelope components comply with all federal, state, local and municipal codes and
standards applicable to alterations to existing buildings, including but not limited to Section
C503.1 of ECCCNYS 2020990 requiring all existing ceiling, wall, and floor cavities exposed during
construction to be filled with insulation. Thermal envelope components not altered as part of this
measure (e.g. continuous insulation in wood-framed buildings) are not required to meet code for
compliance.
Operating Hours
Effective heating and cooling hours associated with benefits of opaque shell insulation are
established via the Heating and Cooling Degree Days section below.

City HDD CDD
Albany 6,391 721
Buffalo 6,502 607
Massena 8,030 406
NYC 4,900 1017
Syracuse 6,625 618

Insulation is added to the ceiling/roof assembly of an existing auto-repair facility constructed
in 1975 in Poughkeepsie to increase the overall insulation value from R-13.5 to R-30. The
insulated surface is 2,000 square feet. The facility is equipped with a heat pump which is rated
at 15 SEER,12 EER and 11 HSPF. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
990
ECCCNYS 2020, Section C503 Building Thermal Envelope.
991

as below.
1 1
=
1 1
=
1,000 × 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹
1 1
(𝑅 − 𝑅 ) × 𝐴 × (1 − 𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
1,000 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅
Rbaseline = 13.5, from application.

∆R = 30 - 13.5 = 16.5, from application.
A = 2,000, from application.
Fframing = 0.07, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
FElecCool = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources.
CDD = 745, from Operating Hours section based on city
HDD = 6,026, from Operating Hours section based on city
FElecHeat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
EffElecCool = 15 SEER, from application
HSPF = 11, from application
EER = 12, from application.
1 1
( − ) × 2,000 × (1 − 0.07) × 745 × 24 × 1.0
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 13.5 13.5 + 16.5
1,000 × 15
= 98.14
1 1
( − ) × 2,000 × (1 − 0.07) × 6,026 × 24 × 1.0
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 13.5 13.5 + 16.5
1,000 × 11
= 850.21
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 98.14 + 850.21 = 948.35 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1 1
(− ) × 2,000 × (1 − 0.07) × 1.0
∆𝑘𝑊 = 13.5 13.5 + 16.5 × 0.477 = 0.006 𝑘𝑊
1,000 × 12


See Appendix P.


References
1. Thermal Design and Code Compliance for Cold-Formed Steel Walls, 2015- American
Iron and Steel Institute.
Available from:
http://www.steelframing.org/PDF/energy/thermal_design_guide_2015_edition.pdf
2. Title 24, Part 6, 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, California Energy
Commission.
Available from: https://energycodeace.com/site/custom/public/reference-ace-
2013/index.html#!Documents/ja42roofsandceilings.htm
Available from:
https://neep.org/sites/default/files/resources/NEEP_HVAC_Load_Shape_Report_Final_
August2.pdf
4. ECCCNYS 2020 Section C402 Building Thermal Envelope.
5. ECCCNYS 2020 Section C503 Alterations.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-5-ce-existing-
buildings
Normals.
Record of Revision
3-21-12 4/9/2021

WINDOW - FILM
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of window films with reduced solar heat gain coefficient
applied to single pane clear glass. Windows with lower solar heat gain coefficient lead to less
required cooling loads within a conditioned space.
Due to negative impacts on space heating, this measure is applicable to buildings with electric AC
and gas heat only. This measure is applicable to uncovered, single pane clear glass windows in
existing buildings only.
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )
100
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) × 𝐶𝐹
100
100 10
where:
SF = Total aperture area of window glazing treated (ft2)
(kWh/100 SF) = Annual electricity energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area
area
100 = Conversion to 100 square feet

Lookup based on building type and location
ΔkWh/100 SF
from the Window Film section of Appendix F.


ΔkW/100 SF
Δtherms/100 SF
NYC: 0.822
CF
Unit energy and demand savings were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of prototypical small
commercial buildings. The prototype building characteristics are described in Appendix A. The
unit energy and demand savings by building types across different cities in NY are shown in the
Window Film section of Appendix F.

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is 0.822 for NYC and 0.477 outside of
NYC.992

The baseline condition is an existing, untreated, single pane clear glass window with an assumed
solar heat gain coefficient of 0.87 and U-value of 1.2 BTU/h- ft2- oF.993

The compliance condition is an existing window with added film with a solar heat gain coefficient
of 0.40 or less.
Operating Hours
The energy savings for windows are dependent on the HVAC system operating hours and
thermostat set points. See Appendix A for the modeling assumptions for each building prototype.

Window film is installed on 500 square feet of the single-pane clear glass windows of a small
office building in NYC. The building is equipped with central air conditioning and gas heat.
Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil
Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 )
100
992
Urban/Coastal.
993
ASHRAE 2013 Handbook of Fundamentals.

𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) × 𝐶𝐹
100
100 10
SF = 500, from application.

ΔkWh/100 SF = 592, from Appendix F based on Facility Type, City and HVAC System
ΔkW/100 SF = 0.178, from Appendix F based on Facility Type, City and HVAC System
Δtherms/100 SF = -58.3, from Appendix F based on Facility Type, City and HVAC System
CF = 0.822 from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
500
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 592 = 2,960 𝑘𝑊ℎ
100
500
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.178 × 0.822 = 0.73 𝑘𝑊
100
500 (−58.3)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × = −29.15 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
100 10

See Appendix P.


References
1. ASHRAE 2013 Handbook of Fundamentals by American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Atlanta, GA, 2013.
Available from:
nal_August2.pdf

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
9-18-10 9/28/2018
9-19-4 9/27/2019

WINDOW - GLAZING
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency windows with reduced thermal conductance
and solar heat gain coefficient. For the purposes of this measure, a window is defined as an
assembled unit consisting of a frame/sash component holding one or more pieces of glazing
functioning to admit light and/or air into an enclosure and designed for a vertical installation in an
external wall of a commercial building.994
𝑆𝐹 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) ×
100 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡
𝑆𝐹 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊 = × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) × × 𝐶𝐹
100 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡
𝑆𝐹 (∆𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × ×
100 10 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡
where:
(ΔkWh/100 SF) = Annual electricity energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area
(ΔkW/100 SF) = Peak coincident demand electric savings per 100 SF of window glazing
area
(Δtherms/100 SF) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per 100 SF of window glazing area
part = Actual efficiency of heating and cooling participant systems in place
SEER = Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season,
BTU/watt-hour, (used for average U.S. location/region)
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions
Eff = Seasonal energy efficiency for fossil fuel heating equipment
994
January 2014.

Summary of Variables and Data Sources995

Lookup from Appendix F based on Facility
(DkWh/100 SF)
Type, City and HVAC System.
(DkW/100 SF)
(Dtherms/100 SF)
EERbaseline 11.2 EER used in the simulations996
EER of cooling systems within participant
EERpart population, defaults to EERbaseline (no
adjustment).
SEERbaseline 14 SEER used in the simulations997
SEER of cooling system within participant
SEERpart population, defaults to SEERbaseline (no
adjustment).
Effbaseline 0.80 Efficiency (AFUE) used in the simulations998
Efficiency (AFUE, Et, or Ec) of heating system
Effpart within participant population, defaults to
Effbaseline (no adjustment).
NYC: 0.822
CF
Unit energy and demand savings calculated from the building prototype simulation models are
shown in Appendix F. The savings are tabulated by location, building type, and HVAC system
type. Savings are derived from a baseline set by the assumed window and operating characteristics
listed for each building prototype in Appendix A and using the compliance window characteristics
below for the efficient case.

995
Due to schedule of revisions, values specified here may not align with those presented throughout appendices.
996
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.2(1) – Assumes a 5-ton packaged AC.
997
Ibid.
998
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.2 (5) – Assumes a 150 kBTU/h gas boiler.
999
Urban/Coastal.


The baseline is described by the assumed window and operating characteristics listed for each
building prototype in Appendix A. Energy savings are estimated based on the characteristics of
this baseline and an efficient case window as defined in the Compliance Efficiency section below.

The minimum compliance condition for this measure is a window meeting the current ENERGY
STAR® specifications. These specifications, which are used to derive savings prescribed by this
measure, are listed below1000:
U-Factor Solar Heat Gain

(BTU/h-ft2-oF) Coefficient (SHGC)
≤0.27 Any
0.28 ≥0.32
0.29 ≥0.37
0.30 ≥0.42
Operating Hours
The energy savings for windows are dependent on the HVAC system operating hours and
thermostat set points. See Appendix A for the modeling assumptions for each building prototype.

A small office in Albany, NY installs high efficiency windows with reduced thermal
conductance and solar heat gain covering 600 SF of area of the external wall of the building
The building is equipped with an air source heat pump with a SEER of 14.6 and EER of 11.9.
𝑆𝐹 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) ×
100 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡
𝑆𝐹 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊 = × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄100 𝑆𝐹 ) × × 𝐶𝐹
100 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡

(kWh/100 SF) = 829, from Appendix F based on Facility Type, City and HVAC System.
(kW/100 SF) = 0.156, from Appendix F based on Facility Type, City and HVAC System.
(therms/100 SF) = 0, from Appendix F based on Facility Type, City and HVAC System.
EERbaseline = 11.2; from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
EERpart = 11.9, from application
1000
January 2014.

SEERbaseline = 14; from Summary of Variables and Data Sources

SEERpart = 14.6, from application
600 14
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 829 × = 4,769.59 𝑘𝑊ℎ
100 14.6
600 11.2
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.156 × × 0.477 = 0.42 𝑘𝑊
100 11.9

See Appendix P.


References
1. ENERGY STAR® Product Specification Residential Windows, Doors, and Skylights,
Eligibility Criteria, Version 6.0, January 2014.
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ES_Final_V6_Residential_WDS_Spec.pdf
Operated Unitary Air Conditioners And Condensing Units & Table C403.3.2(5):
3. Window properties for baseline windows taken from 2013 ASHRAE Handbook of
Fundamentals Chapter 15. The 2013 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals is used in the
prototype simulations and therefore is not updated to the current version.
Available from:
nal_August2.pdf

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-17-9 6/30/2017
9-19-5 9/30/2019
12-19-12 12/23/2019

COMPRESSED AIR
AIR COMPRESSOR
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of oil-flooded, rotary screw air compressors with variable
frequency drives or variable displacement controls and properly sized air receivers in
commercial and industrial compressed air systems (single compressor systems only). Inlet valve
modulation, which modulates the compressor by throttling the air inlet and load/unload control,
which switches the compressor to unload when the cut-out pressure set point is reached, are
inefficient means of compressed air system control under part load conditions. Variable
frequency drives modulate the frequency and speed of the compressor motor, which reduces
input power. Variable displacement controls change the compressor capacity by varying the
amount of the compressor used to compress air. Both represent a significant improvement in part
load operating efficiency and savings over the baseline condition.1001
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
hpcomp = Horsepower of air compressor
(ΔkW/hp) = Demand electric savings per horsepower
hrs = Annual operating hours of air compressor
1001
The Impact Evaluation of Custom Compressed Air, conducted by DNV GL for Niagara Mohawk Power
Corporation d/b/a National Grid (approved March 2017), was reviewed for findings relevant to this measure. The
findings of this report, which quantifies kWh and peak summer kW savings and associated realization rates for
custom compressed air measures at 25 unique sites, do not directly inform the algorithms, key inputs or default
values found in this energy savings estimation methodology. As such, no changes have been applied as a result of
this review.


hpcomp From application
Lookup in table below based on compressor size and control
(ΔkW/hp)
strategy.1002
CF 0.8
Air Compressor Savings (ΔkW/hp)

Control Type Compressor hp ΔkW/hp
Variable Frequency Drive  15 and < 75 0.189
Variable Frequency Drive  75 0.216
Variable Displacement  50 and < 75 0.125
Variable Displacement  75 0.141


The baseline condition is an oil-flooded, rotary screw compressor utilized in a single compressor
system meeting the requirements of ISO Standard 8573.1 with load/unload control and blow down
capability.

The compliance condition is an oil-flooded, rotary screw compressor utilized in a single
compressor system meeting the requirements of ISO Standard 8573.1 with variable speed drive or
variable displacement capacity control and a properly sized air receiver. Flow controller must be
used to maintain 5-10 psi pressure difference between receiver and distribution system.
Operating Hours
The operating hours of compressed air systems vary widely and shall be defined by the application.
1002
For equipment with < 75 hp: Energy saving factors from Impact Evaluation of Prescriptive Chiller and
Compressed Air Installations, DNV-GL, prepared by KEMA, Inc. for Massachusetts Energy Efficiency Advisory
Council, October 2015.
For equipment with ≥ 75 hp: Energy savings factors were developed by using U.S. Dept. of Energy part load data
for different compressor control types as well as load profiles from 50 facilities employing air compressors. This
data suggests an average 17% load reduction compared to baseline for Variable Displacement and an average 26%
load reduction compared to baseline for Variable Frequency Drives and an average 90% operating efficiency for
new compressor equipment. ΔkW/hp values were derived using these assumptions in the form: % Savings x
0.746\System Efficiency.
1003


A 50 hp oil-flooded, rotary screw compressor in an auto repair shop in Albany is replaced with
a variable frequency drive compressor and new air receiver. The auto-repair shop runs the air
compressor for approximately 800 hours per year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × 𝐶𝐹
hpcomp = 50, from application

(ΔkW/hp) = 0.189, from air compressor savings table based on compressor size and control
strategy.
Hrs = 800, from application
CF = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data sources
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 50 × 0.189 × 800 = 7,560 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 50 × 0.189 × 0.8 = 7.56 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
1. “Improving Compressed Air System Performance”: A sourcebook for Industry, U.S.
Dept. of Energy, November 2003.
Available from:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/tech_assistance/pdfs/compressed_air_sourc
ebook.pdf

2. Impact Evaluation of Prescriptive Chiller and Compressed Air Installations, DNV-GL,

prepared by KEMA, Inc. for Massachusetts Energy Efficiency Advisory Council,
October 2015.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/MA30-Prescriptive-Chiller-and-
CAIR-Report_FINAL_151026.pdf
3. Impact Evaluation of Custom Compressed Air, DNV GL, March 2017.
Available from:
http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId=%7BE21FC3D0
-70BC-426E-B35B-85E082640361%7D
Record of Revisions
1 10/15/2010
12-17-9 12/31/2017
3-19-9 3/29/2019
6-19-9 6/28/2019

COMPRESSED AIR HEAT RECOVERY

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a compressed air heat recovery system on an air-cooled
compressor system. The mechanical work of an air compressor yields large amounts of waste heat.
This waste heat can be used for either space heat, domestic hot water, or process heating
applications depending on the temperature of the waste heat stream. A heat recovery system is an
equipment add-on retrofit to either an air-cooled or water-cooled air compressor system. With air-
cooled compressor systems, typical retrofits require ductwork and fans for heat recovery. For
water-cooled air compressor systems, either a water-to-air or water-to-water heat exchanger is
necessary. Water-cooled air compressor systems are not addressed by this measure.
This measure only considers waste heat recovery for space heating. This measure is applicable in
retrofit applications only and is not applicable to backup or redundant units.
ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑅𝐸 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 0.746 ℎ𝑝𝑓𝑎𝑛 × 0.746 × ℎ𝑟𝑠

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 ) − ( )
𝐶𝑂𝑃ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛
ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑅𝐸 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 0.746 3,412

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 ×
𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 1,000,000
where:
hpcomp = Compressor motor horsepower
hpfan = Distribution fan motor horsepower
LF = Average load factor of the compressor motor
RE = Recovery efficiency based on brake horsepower
hrs = Annual heating hours coincident with compressor operation
COPheating = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy (at AHRI
Effheating = Efficiency of fossil fuel heating system

fuel heating system
Efffan = Motor efficiency of fan
0.746 = Conversion factor (kW/hp), 746 watts equals one horsepower

hpcomp From application.
From application. If unknown assume 1.0 hp or if no fan is in use,
use 0 hp. If a fan is already used to exhaust the heat outside, the
hpfan
value will be the difference in hp between the two fans or 0 if the
same.
LF From application. If unknown use 0.92.1004
RE From application. If unknown use 0.8.1005
From application. If unknown, lookup in Operating hours section
hrs
below based on location and facility type.1006
From application. If unknown use 3.2 for heat pumps. For electric
COPheating
resistance heating, use a value of 1.0.
Effheating From application. If unknown use a value of 0.8.
If a central electric heating system is present, set equal to 1.
FElecHeat
If a central fossil fuel heating system is present, set equal to 1.
FFuelHeat
From application. Value should be based on the rated NEMA
Premium efficiency of the motor installed. If unknown assume 0.86
Efffan
for a 1 horsepower fan motor.1007 Calculation assumes fan is fully
loaded when on.

Compressed air heat recovery savings described by this measure offset facility space heating load
only. As a result, no summer peak demand savings shall be claimed and the prescribed value for
the coincidence factor is N/A.
1004
Cascade Energy. “Proposed Standard Savings Estimation Protocol for Ultra-Premium Efficiency Motors.” Table
6: Load Factor by Nameplate hp and End Use. November 5, 2012. Assumes 30 hp air compressor.
1005
“Compressed Air Challenge™, Heat Recovery with Compressed Air Systems.” Compressed Air Systems Fact
Sheet #10.
1006
Cadmus. Focus on Energy Evaluated Deemed Savings Changes. August 31, 2017.
1007
U.S. Department of Energy. “Premium Efficiency Motor Selection and Application Guide”. Table 2-1. EISA
Mandatory Minimum Full-Load Efficiency Standards, % (for motors rated 600 V or less). February 2014.


The baseline condition is an air-cooled air compressor without a heat recovery system in a building
with electric or fossil fuel space heating.

The energy efficient condition is an air-cooled air compressor with a heat recovery system in a
building with electric or fossil fuel space heating.
Operating Hours
Operating hours to be used in this measure reflect hours when operation of the air compressor is
coincident with heating hours. Hours shall come from application. If unknown, look up in table
below based on facility type and average run hours. The values in the table below shall only be
used for compressed air applications where the system is in continuous use during facility
operation for industrial processes.
Facility Type1008 Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena* NYC Poughkeepsie** Syracuse

Single Shift 1,501 1,552 1,541 1,529 1,444 1,495 1,513
Two Shift 2,856 2,940 2,925 2,903 2,760 2,874 2,880
Three Shift 4,080 4,164 4,149 4,127 3,984 4,098 4,104
Continuous 5,676 5,785 5,769 5,743 5,552 5,704 5,711
*Massena hourly normals are approximated from Rochester airport data due to limited available data
** Poughkeepsie hourly normals are approximated from Long Island ISLIP airport data due to limited available data

A two-shift industrial process facility in Albany installs a heat recovery system with a ¾ hp,
88% efficient distribution fan on an existing 50 hp air-cooled compressor system. The building
is equipped with central air conditioning and gas heat with 82% thermal efficiency. The
average compressor motor load factor is 90% and the recovery efficiency of the heat recovery
system is 82%. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric
Energy Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑅𝐸 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 0.746 ℎ𝑝𝑓𝑎𝑛 × 0.746 × ℎ𝑟𝑠

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 ) − ( )
𝐶𝑂𝑃ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛
ℎ𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑅𝐸 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 0.746 3,412

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 ×
𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 1,000,000
hpcomp = 50, from application.

RE = 0.82, from application
hrs = 2,856, from Operating Hours section based on location and facility type
FElecHeat = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data sources
Compressor Run Hours is determined by breaking the hours in Single Shift 7am-3pm M-F, Two Shift 7am-
1008
11pm M-F, Three Shift 24 hours M-F and Continuous 24/7.

hpfan = 0.75, from application

Efffan = 0.88, from application
Effheating = 0.82, from application
FFuelHeat =1, from Summary of Variables and Data sources
50 × 0.90 × 0.82 × 2,856 × 0.746 0.75 × 0.746 × 2,856

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( × 0) − ( )
𝑁/𝐴 0.88
= −1,815.83 𝑘𝑊ℎ
50 × 0.90 × 0.82 × 2,856 × 0.746 3,412

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ×1× = 327.13 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.82 1,000,000

See Appendix P.


Compressed Air Heat Recovery may lead to increased electric consumption resulting from the
addition of fan power for heat recovery. These impacts are addressed in the prescribed
methodology.
References
1. Cascade Energy. “Proposed Standard Savings Estimation Protocol for Ultra-Premium
Efficiency Motors.” Table 6: Load Factor by Nameplate hp and End Use. November 5,
2012.
Available from: https://rtf.nwcouncil.org/meeting/rtf-meeting-november-14-2012
2. “Compressed Air Challenge™, Heat Recovery with Compressed Air Systems.”
Compressed Air Systems Fact Sheet #10.
Available from:
https://www.compressedairchallenge.org/data/sites/1/media/library/factsheets/factsheet10
.pdf
3. Cadmus. Focus on Energy Evaluated Deemed Savings Changes. August 31, 2017.
Available from:
https://www.focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/FoE_Deemed%20Savings%20Report_
%20CY%2017_v1.7.pdf
4. U.S. Department of Energy. “Premium Efficiency Motor Selection and Application
Guide”. Table 2-1. EISA Mandatory Minimum Full-Load Efficiency Standards, % (for
motors rated 600 V or less). February 2014.
Available from:

https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/04/f15/amo_motors_handbook_web.pdf
5. U.S. Department of Energy. “Evaluation of the Compressed Air Challenge® Training
Program”. March 2004.
Available from:
https://www.compressedairchallenge.org/data/sites/1/media/library/evaluation/Evaluation
.pdf
Record of Revisions
3-20-7 3/30/2020

COMPRESSED AIR FLOW CONTROLLER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a pressure/flow controller on an existing compressed air
system. Pressure/flow controller equipment is also referred to as demand valves, precision flow
controllers, pilot-operated regulators and precision pressure regulators. Compressed air flow
controllers are precision pressure regulators that allow airflow to fluctuate while maintaining a
constant pressure in the compressed air distribution system. They are installed between the
compressed air dry storage tank and the end use distribution system allowing the controller to
supply the process peak demands for compressed air and allowing the air compressor system to
operate at a more efficient load point than at peak demand load requirements. The pressure/flow
controller allows the compressed air system to reduce peak demand, run compressors closer to
their best operating performance load, reduce system pressure to required minimum levels, and
allow some compressors to unload and turn-off during either low or no demand conditions.
ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × ∑
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹 × ∑
𝐸𝑓𝑓
where:
𝐸𝑆𝐹 = ∆𝑃 × 0.005
where:
LF = Load Factor of the compressed air system
hrs = Hours of operation per year
hpcomp = Horsepower of each air compressor motor
Eff = Efficiency of each air compressor motor
∆P = Average pre- and post-treatment measured system pressure differential, in psi
0.005 = Savings factor per change in psi


LF From application. If unknown use 0.92 as default value.1009
Calculate based on the equation in Method for Calculating
ESF Savings above. If actual measured system pressure
differential (∆P) is unavailable, use ESF of 0.05.1010
From application, average pre- and post-treatment measured
∆P
system pressure differential, in psi.
From application. If unknown, lookup in Operating Hours
hrs
section below based on facility type.
From application. If unknown lookup based on horsepower,
Eff
RPM, and TEFC/ODP in Motor Efficiency table below.
Single shift: 0
Two shift, three
CF Based on facility operation schedule.
shift or continuous
operation: 0.8
Motor Efficiency1011
HP Open Drip Proof Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
RPM 1200 1800 3600 1200 1800 3600
1 0.825 0.855 0.770 0.825 0.855 0.770
1.5 0.865 0.865 0.840 0.875 0.865 0.840
2 0.875 0.865 0.855 0.885 0.865 0.855
3 0.885 0.895 0.855 0.895 0.895 0.865
5 0.895 0.895 0.865 0.895 0.895 0.885
7.5 0.902 0.910 0.885 0.910 0.917 0.895
10 0.917 0.917 0.895 0.910 0.917 0.902
15 0.917 0.930 0.902 0.917 0.924 0.910
20 0.924 0.930 0.910 0.917 0.930 0.910
25 0.930 0.936 0.917 0.930 0.936 0.917
30 0.936 0.941 0.917 0.930 0.936 0.917
40 0.941 0.941 0.924 0.941 0.941 0.924
50 0.941 0.945 0.930 0.941 0.945 0.930
60 0.945 0.950 0.936 0.945 0.950 0.936
75 0.945 0.950 0.936 0.945 0.954 0.936
100 0.950 0.954 0.936 0.950 0.954 0.941
1009
Cascade Energy. Proposed Standard Savings Estimation Protocol for Ultra-Premium Efficiency Motors.
November 5, 2012. Table 6: Load Factor by nameplate hp and end use load.
1010
United States Department of Energy. Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for
Industry. p. 34. March 2016. For every 2 psi reduced in the system, 1% of energy is saved. Assumes 10 psi
reduction.
1011
November 5, 2012. Table 3: NEMA premium efficient motor standards.


RPM 1200 1800 3600 1200 1800 3600
125 0.950 0.954 0.941 0.950 0.954 0.950
150 0.954 0.958 0.941 0.958 0.958 0.950
200 0.954 0.958 0.950 0.958 0.962 0.954
250 0.958 0.958 0.953 0.955 0.955 0.958
300 0.958 0.958 0.955 0.955 0.958 0.958
350 0.958 0.958 0.955 0.955 0.958 0.958
400 0.958 0.958 0.958 0.955 0.958 0.958
450 0.958 0.960 0.960 0.955 0.958 0.958
500 0.958 0.960 0.960 0.955 0.960 0.958

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is based on facility operating hours. Apply a
coincidence factor of 0.8 for facilities operating two shift, three shift, or continuous operating
schedules. Coincidence factor is 0.0 for facilities operating single shift schedules.

The baseline condition is a compressed air system with a total capacity greater than or equal to 50
hp without a pressure/flow controller installed.

The energy efficient condition is a compressed air system greater than or equal to 50 hp equipped
with a flow/pressure controller.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application. If unknown, the default hours based on number of
shifts provided in the table below may be used. The values in the table below shall only be used
for compressed air applications where the system is in continuous use during facility operation for
industrial processes.

Shift Hours
Single Shift
7AM – 3 PM, weekdays, minus 10 federal holidays and three 8-hour shifts of 1,976
scheduled down time
Two Shifts
7AM – 11 PM, weekdays, minus 10 federal holidays and six 8-hour shifts of 3,952
scheduled down time
Three Shifts
24 hours per day, weekdays, minus 10 federal holidays and nine 8-hour shifts of 5,928
scheduled down time
Four Shifts or Continual Operation
24 hours per day, 7 days a week minus 10 federal holidays and 55 8-hour shifts 8,320
of scheduled down time

A flow controller is installed on an existing 150 hp compressed air system in a two-shift
industrial process facility near Albany. The average compressed air system motor efficiency is
94%, the load factor is 90% and it operates 4,000 hours per year. The resultant change in
pressure as a result of controller installation is 10 psi. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × ∑
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹 × ∑
𝐸𝑓𝑓
𝐸𝑆𝐹 = ∆𝑃 × 0.005

∆P = 10 psi, from application
hpcomp = 150 hp, from application
𝐸𝑆𝐹 = 10 × 0.005 = 0.05
150
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0.746 × 0.90 × 0.05 × 4,000 × ∑ = 21,427.66 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.94
150
∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.746 × 0.90 × 0.05 × 0.8 × ∑ = 4.28 𝑘𝑊
0.94


See Appendix P.


References
1. Cascade Energy. Proposed Standard Savings Estimation Protocol for Ultra-Premium
Efficiency Motors. November 5, 2012.
Available from: https://nwcouncil.app.box.com/s/fkxkcwm1is88dnttb8ve7eb5rhs9qhmv
2. United States Department of Energy. Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A
Sourcebook for Industry. Third Edition. p. 34. March 1, 2016.
Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/03/f30/Improving%20Compressed%20Air
%20Sourcebook%20version%203.pdf
Record of Revisions
7-20-10 7/31/2020

COMPRESSED AIR - L OW PRESSURE DROP FILTERS

Measure Description
This measure applies to the installation of a low pressure drop filter on an existing compressed air
system. Typical coalescing oil filters operate with a pressure drop in the range of 2 to 10 pounds-
per-square-inch differential (psid). In contrast, a low pressure drop filter exhibits close to a 0.5
psid pressure drop, increasing over time to 3 psid at which point filter replacement is
recommended. The reduced pressure drop allows the compressed air system to operate more
efficiently.
ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × (𝐸𝑆𝐹/𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑) × ∆𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × ∑
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × (𝐸𝑆𝐹/𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑) × ∆𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑 × 𝐶𝐹 × ∑
𝐸𝑓𝑓
where:
LF = Load Factor of the compressed air system
hrs = Motor/compressor runtime (hours)
(ESF/psid) = Percent savings per psid pressure drop reduction
psid = Reduction in pressure drop resulting from low pressure drop filters, in psid
hpcomp = Horsepower of each air compressor motor
Eff = Efficiency of each air compressor motor
1012
The use of the sigma operator is intended to address multi-compressor systems. In those cases, the sum of each
compressor’s hp rating divided by its efficiency shall be input. For single compressor systems, the sigma operator
can be ignored.


LF From application. If unknown use 0.92 as default value.1013
(ESF/psid) 0.005 Sullair Corporation.1014
psid From application. If unknown use 4 psid as default value.1015
From application. If unknown, lookup in Operating Hours
hrs
section below based on facility type.
From application. If unknown lookup based on horsepower,
Eff
RPM, and TEFC/ODP in Motor Efficiency table below.
Single shift: 0
Two shift, three
CF Based on facility operation schedule.
shift or continuous
operation: 0.8
Motor Efficiency1016
RPM 1200 1800 3600 1200 1800 3600
1 0.825 0.855 0.770 0.825 0.855 0.770
1.5 0.865 0.865 0.840 0.875 0.865 0.840
2 0.875 0.865 0.855 0.885 0.865 0.855
3 0.885 0.895 0.855 0.895 0.895 0.865
5 0.895 0.895 0.865 0.895 0.895 0.885
7.5 0.902 0.910 0.885 0.910 0.917 0.895
10 0.917 0.917 0.895 0.910 0.917 0.902
15 0.917 0.930 0.902 0.917 0.924 0.910
20 0.924 0.930 0.910 0.917 0.930 0.910
25 0.930 0.936 0.917 0.930 0.936 0.917
30 0.936 0.941 0.917 0.930 0.936 0.917
40 0.941 0.941 0.924 0.941 0.941 0.924
50 0.941 0.945 0.930 0.941 0.945 0.930
60 0.945 0.950 0.936 0.945 0.950 0.936
75 0.945 0.950 0.936 0.945 0.954 0.936
100 0.950 0.954 0.936 0.950 0.954 0.941
125 0.950 0.954 0.941 0.950 0.954 0.950
150 0.954 0.958 0.941 0.958 0.958 0.950
200 0.954 0.958 0.950 0.958 0.962 0.954
1013
November 5, 2012. Table 6: Load Factor by nameplate hp and end use load.
1014
Sullair Corporation. Compressed Air Filtration and Mist Eliminators Datasheet. Every 2 psi pressure drop = 1%
energy reduction in compressor horsepower. Therefore, 1 psi = 0.5% savings in lost compressor power.
1015
Ibid.
1016
November 5, 2012. Table 3: NEMA premium efficient motor standards.


RPM 1200 1800 3600 1200 1800 3600
250 0.958 0.958 0.953 0.955 0.955 0.958
300 0.958 0.958 0.955 0.955 0.958 0.958
350 0.958 0.958 0.955 0.955 0.958 0.958
400 0.958 0.958 0.958 0.955 0.958 0.958
450 0.958 0.960 0.960 0.955 0.958 0.958
500 0.958 0.960 0.960 0.955 0.960 0.958

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is based on facility operating hours. Apply a
coincidence factor of 0.8 for facilities operating two shift, three shift, or continuous operating
schedules. Coincidence factor is 0.0 for facilities operating single shift schedules.

The baseline condition is a compressed air system with a standard coalescing filter.

The compliance condition is a compressed air system with a low pressure drop filter. The initial
clean and dry pressure differential of the filter must be <1 psid.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application and reflect annual motor/compressor run hours. For
industrial processes, the default hours based on number of shifts provided in the table below may
be used. The values in the table below shall only be used for compressed air applications where
the system is in continuous use during facility operation for industrial processes. Otherwise, hours
of operation must be identified on the application.
Shift Hours
Single Shift
7AM – 3 PM, weekdays, minus 10 federal holidays and three 8-hour shifts of 1,976
scheduled down time
Two Shifts
7AM – 11 PM, weekdays, minus 10 federal holidays and six 8-hour shifts of 3,952
scheduled down time
Three Shifts
24 hours per day, weekdays, minus 10 federal holidays and nine 8-hour shifts of 5,928
scheduled down time
24 hours per day, 7 days a week minus 10 federal holidays and 55 8-hour shifts 8,320
of scheduled down time


Low pressure drop filters are installed on a 200 hp compressed air system in a two-shift
industrial process facility. The average compressed air system motor efficiency is 94%, the
load factor is 90% and it operates 4,000 hours per year. As a result of filter replacement, the
measured pressure drop across the filters decreased by 5 psi. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × (𝐸𝑆𝐹/𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑) × ∆𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × ∑
𝐸𝑓𝑓
𝐸𝑆𝐹 ℎ𝑝comp
∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹 × ( ) × ∆𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑 × 𝐶𝐹 × ∑
𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑑 𝐸𝑓𝑓

(ESF/psid) = 0.005, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
psid = 5, from application
hpcomp = 200 hp, from application.
Eff = 0.94 From application
CF = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources based on operating hours
200
𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0.746 × 0.90 × 0.005 × 5 × 4,000 × ∑ = 14,285.11 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.94
200
∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.746 × 0.90 × 0.005 × 5 × 0.8 × ∑ = 2.86 𝑘𝑊
0.94

See Appendix P.


References
1. Cascade Energy. Proposed Standard Savings Estimation Protocol for Ultra-Premium

Efficiency Motors. November 5, 2012.

Available from: https://nwcouncil.app.box.com/s/fkxkcwm1is88dnttb8ve7eb5rhs9qhmv
2. Sullair Corporation. Compressed Air Filtration and Mist Eliminators Datasheet.
Available from:
http://www.amcompair.com/products/brochures/sullair_brochures/_Sullair%20filtration.p
df.
Record of Revisions
7-20-11 7/31/2020
6-22-8 9/2/2022

ENGINEERED AIR NOZZLE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of engineered nozzles used in compressed air systems, for the
purposes of equipment cleaning, cooling, drying, etc. Unlike standard air nozzles, engineered
nozzles entrain compressed air with surrounding air to provide effective air nozzle action while
reducing compressed air requirement.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
CFMbaseline = Open nozzle flow
CFMee = Engineered nozzle flow
kW/CFM = Air compressor kW per CFM air delivery at 100 psi
hrs = Annual hours of use of compressed air
during electric system peak (summer weekday hour ending at 5 PM)

From application, where:
D = Diameter of open air nozzle orifice in
CFMbaseline CFM = 14.485 x D2 x (psig + 14.7)
inches
psig = Air pressure at nozzle1017
CFMee From application.
1017
Compressed Air Best Practices, Compressed Air Savings with Nozzles and Blowers. The constant 14.485 is a
derived constant to satisfy the equation assuming air at standard temperature and pressure. The constant 14.7
converts gauge pressure (psig) into absolute pressure (psia).


Look up from Air Compressor Efficiency
kW/CFM
table below based on air compressor type.
From application. If unknown, assume
compressed air application (i.e. operation
hrs of nozzle) represents 5% of the total
operating hours of the air compressor
system.1018
Peak Operation: 1
CF 0.8
Air Compressor Efficiency1019

Air Compressor Type kW/CFM
Single-Acting, Air-Cooled Reciprocating 0.22
Double-Acting Water-Cooled Reciprocating 0.15
Lubricant-Injected Rotary Screw Compressor 0.15
Lubricant-Free Rotary Screw Compressor 0.17
Centrifugal Air Compressor 0.16
VSD Compressor 0.141020


The baseline condition is a modulating compressor with blow down system with an open/standard
nozzle.

The compliance condition is a modulating compressor with blow down system installed with an
engineered nozzle, also known as an air entraining nozzle, as defined in the Measure Description
section above.
1018
Assume 5% based on an average of 3 seconds per minute. Assumes 50% handheld air guns and 50% stationary
air nozzles. Manual air guns tend to be used less than stationary air nozzles, and a conservative estimate of 1 second
of blow-off per minute of compressor runtime is assumed. Stationary air nozzles are commonly more wasteful, as
they are often mounted on machine tools and can be manually operated, resulting in the possibility of a long-term
open blow situation. An assumption of 5 seconds of blow-off per minute of compressor runtime is used.
1019
Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, pg. 46, 47.
1020
Compressed Air Best Practices, VSD Compressor Control. Calculated based on operating point conditions and
assuming a main-drive motor with a typical efficiency of 92%.
1021

Operating Hours
Nozzles are assumed to be in use 5% of the time the compressed air system is operating, if actual
hours of use are not known. Compressor system operating hours shall be taken from application.

An engineered air nozzle with a rated air consumption of 10 CFM at 100 psi is fitted in
replacement of a standard air nozzle with a 1/8” diameter orifice on a VSD air compressor
system used for equipment cleaning at a pressure of 100 psi. The equipment is in use for 250
hours per year during off peak hours. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
CFMbaseline = 14.485 x D2 x (psig + 14.7) = 14.485 x (0.125)2 x (100 + 14.7) = 25.96

CFMbaseline equation from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
D = 0.125, from application
psig = 100, from application
CFMee = 10, from application
kW/CFM = 0.14, from Air Compressor Efficiency table based on air compressor type
hrs = 250 hours, from application
Fpeak = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table as there is no peak operation
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (25.96 − 10) × 0.14 × 250 = 558.6 𝑘𝑊ℎ
558.6
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0 × 0.8 = 0 𝑘𝑊
250

See Appendix P.



References
1. Compressed Air Best Practices, Compressed Air Savings with Nozzles and Blowers.
Available from: https://www.airbestpractices.com/system-assessments/end-
uses/compressed-air-savings-nozzles-or-blowers
2. Compressed Air Best Practices, VSD Compressor Control.
Available from: https://www.airbestpractices.com/technology/compressor-controls/vsd-
compressor-control
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
9-18-11 9/28/2018

NO AIR L OSS WATER DRAIN

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a no air loss water drain in a compressed air system. No-
loss drains monitor condensate levels and allow water to drain from the compressed air system
without compressed air loss. No loss drains decrease air demand and increase overall efficiency.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 × ∆𝐶𝐹𝑀 × (𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
Peak Coincident Demand Energy Savings
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 × ∆𝐶𝐹𝑀 × (𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 × 𝐶𝐹
where:
CFMdrain = Full flow rated capacity of drain, in cubic feet per minute
ΔCFM = Average cubic foot per minute saved per CFM of capacity of drain
kW/CFM = Air compressor kW per CFM air delivery at 100 psi

From application, if unknown, use 103.9 as
CFMdrain
default1022
1022
Based on an orifice size of 1/4 inch and a typical system pressure of 100 psi. Orifice sizes for timed drains range
from 5/32 in. to 9/16 in. with the most common size being 7/16 in; 1/4 in. is considered a reasonably conservative
estimate of average size. 100 psi is a conservative estimate of average system pressure; most systems are run at
higher pressure than 100 psi. 103.9 is derived using the equation CFM = 14.485 x D 2 x (psig + 14.7), where 14.485
is a derived constant to satisfy the equation assuming air at standard temperature and pressure, D is the orifice
diameter in inches, psig is the air pressure at the nozzle (gauge pressure), and 14.7 converts gauge pressure into
absolute pressure.


1023
ΔCFM 0.049 DNV-GL
Look up from Air Compressor Efficiency table below
kW/CFM
based on air compressor type.
Peak Operation: 1
CF 0.8
Air Compressor Efficiency1024

Air Compressor Type kW/CFM
Single-Acting, Air-Cooled Reciprocating 0.22
Double-Acting Water-Cooled Reciprocating 0.15
Lubricant-Injected Rotary Screw Compressor 0.15
Lubricant-Free Rotary Screw Compressor 0.17
Centrifugal Air Compressor 0.16
VSD Compressor1025 0.14


The baseline condition is a compressed air system with an electronic solenoid and timed drain.

The compliance condition is a load/unload with storage, VSD, or variable displacement
compressed air system with a no air loss water drain.
Operating Hours
Hours of operation shall be taken from application.

A no air loss water drain with a rated capacity of 105 CFM is installed in a single-acting air-
cooled reciprocating air compressor system that is in operation for 800 hours per year, including
some hours that overlap with system peak. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
1023
Impact Evaluation of Prescriptive Chiller and Compressed Air Installations, DNV GL, October 2015, pg. 45.
1024
Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, pg. 46, 47.
1025
Compressed Air Best Practices, VSD Compressor Control. Calculated based on operating point conditions and
assuming a main-drive motor with a typical efficiency of 92%.
1026

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 × ∆𝐶𝐹𝑀 × (𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 × ∆𝐶𝐹𝑀 × (𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 × 𝐶𝐹
CFMdrain = 105 CFM, from application

ΔCFM = 0.049, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
kW/CFM = 0.22, from Air Compressor Efficiency table based on air compressor type
Fpeak = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 105 × 0.049 × 0.22 × 800 = 905.52 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 105 × 0.049 × 0.22 × 1 × 0.8 = 0.90 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
1. Impact Evaluation and Prescriptive Chiller and Compressed Air Installations, DNV-GL,
prepared by KEMA, Inc. for Massachusetts Energy Efficiency Advisory Council.
October 2015.
2. Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry Third
Edition, Department of Energy.
Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/03/f30/Improving%20Compressed%20Air
%20Sourcebook%20version%203.pdf
3. Compressed Air Best Practices, VSD Compressor Control.
Available from: https://www.airbestpractices.com/technology/compressor-controls/vsd-
compressor-control

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
9-18-12 9/28/2018

REFRIGERATED AIR D RYER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a cycling or variable frequency drive (VFD)-controlled
refrigerated air dryer on a compressed air system with a non-cycling air dryer. High efficiency air
dryers utilize a refrigeration system to condense and remove moisture from a compressed air
system. As demand requires, cycling refrigerated air dryer systems cool a medium that cools the
compressed air. VFD-controlled refrigerated air dryer systems use a variable speed drive as
required by the demand. Both systems save energy by dismissing the need for the system to run
continuously at full speed.
This measure is applicable to single compressor systems only.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 × 𝐶𝐹
where:
CFMdryer = Full flow rated capacity of refrigerated air dryer, in cubic feet per minute
ΔkW/CFM = kW reduction per full flow rated CFM
hrs = Annual operating hours of dryer

CFMdryer From application.
ΔkW/CFM 0.00554 DNV-GL.1027
1027
Impact Evaluation of Prescriptive Chiller and Compressed Air Installations, DNV GL, October 2015, Table 1-
10: Dryer kW per CFM Saved.


Peak Operation: 1
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is a compressed air system equipped with a non-cycling air dryer.

The compliance condition is a compressed air system with a cycling or VFD-controlled
refrigerated air dryer.
Operating Hours
Hours of operation shall be taken from application.

A VFD refrigerated air dryer with a rated capacity of 150 CFM is installed on a compressed
air system that is in operation 800 hours per year, including some hours that overlap with
system peak. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × (𝛥𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × (𝛥𝑘𝑊/𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 × 𝐶𝐹

CFMdryer = 150 CFM, from application
ΔkW/CFM = 0.00554, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Fpeak = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 150 × 0.00554 × 800 = 664.8 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 150 × 0.00554 × 1 × 0.8 = 0.66 𝑘𝑊
1028


See Appendix P.


References
1. Impact Evaluation of Prescriptive Chiller and Compressed Air Installations, DNV-GL,
prepared by KEMA, Inc. for Massachusetts Energy Efficiency Advisory Council,
October 2015.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-18-8 6/26/2018

DOMESTIC HOT WATER
INDIRECT WATER HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a fossil fuel fired indirect water heater in which the stored
water is heated via hot water or steam produced by a fossil fuel boiler rather than direct input from
electric elements or fossil fuel burners. In such a system, a heat exchanger separates the potable
water in the water heater from the boiler water. This measure applies to small commercial indirect
systems comprising a boiler with input heating capacity less than 300,000 BTU/h and greater than
or equal to 4,000 BTU/h per gallon of stored water.1029
This measure estimates savings associated with the delivery of potable hot water only and assumes
the installation of zone priority controls to interrupt demand for space heating until domestic hot
water demand is met. Larger equipment as well as equipment where zone priority control is not
feasible shall be treated under a custom application.
The baseline assumption for indirect water heaters is a minimally code compliant tank type water
heater or an indirect system with a minimally code compliant boiler, based on actual existing
conditions. For new construction, a tank type baseline shall be assumed.
Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Peak Coincidence Demand Savings
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
+( − )× × 8,760]
where:
1029
10 CFR 431.102.

Eff = Efficiency

From application, or lookup/calculate based on
building type, square footage and occupancy from
GPD/unit
GPD table below. If based on values per the table
below, divide result by number of units installed.
Average temperature difference between water
Tmain Tset – Tmain heater set point temperature and the supply water
Tamb Tset – Tamb heater set point temperature and the surrounding
ambient air temperature (°F).
Water heater set point temperature (°F), per
Tset
application or use 140°F as a default.1030
below based on nearest city. (○F).
Efficiency of baseline condition. Lookup in
Effbaseline
Baseline Efficiencies section below.
Efficiency of energy efficient indirect-system
Effee
boiler (AFUE) from application.
Overall heat loss coefficient of the baseline
UAbaseline condition (BTU/h-°F). Calculate based on baseline
standby loss per the Baseline Heat Loss
1030
Per OSHA recommendations for prevention of Legionella bacterial growth.
(https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/legionnairesdisease/control_prevention.html)
1031


Coefficient section below.


measure (BTU/h-°F). Calculate based on energy
UAee
efficient standby loss per the Qualifying Heat Loss
Gallons per Day (GPD)

The average daily hot water usage, expressed in gallons per day, for several commercial facility
types is tabulated below. Daily hot water usage can be calculated based on the GPD and site-
specific metric in the Rate column, or default values can be referenced directly from the GPD
column.
Building Type GPD Rate Notes/Assumptions Source

Assembly 239 7.02 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 34,000 SF EIA1032: Public Assembly
Auto Repair 25 4.89 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 5,150 SF EIA: Other
Big Box Retail 448 3.43 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 130,500 SF EIA: Mercantile
NREL1033: School with
Community College 1,520 1.9 GPD per person Assumes 800 students
Showers
Dormitory 8,600 17.2 GPD per resident Assumes 500 residents Water Research Foundation1034
Elementary School 250 0.5 GPD per student Assumes 500 students NREL: School
Fast Food Restaurant 500 500 GPD per restaurant FSTC1035: Quick Service
Full-Service Restaurant 2,500 2,500 GPD per restaurant FSTC: Full Service
Grocery 172 3.43 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 50,000 SF EIA: Mercantile
High School 1,520 1.9 GPD per person Assumes 800 students NREL: School with Showers
Hospital 16,938 54.42 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 40% hot water, 250,000 SF EIA: Health Care, Inpatient
Hotel 9,104 45.52 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 40% hot water, 200,000 SF EIA: Lodging
Large Office 550 1.1 GPD per person Assumes 500 people NREL: Office
Large Retail 446 3.43 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 130,000 SF EIA: Mercantile
Light Industrial 489 4.89 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 100,000 SF EIA: Other
Motel 1,366 45.52 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 40% hot water, 30,000 SF EIA: Lodging
Multifamily High-Rise 3,440 34.4 GPD per unit Assumes 100 units Multifamily Baseline Study1036
Multifamily Low-Rise 413 34.4 GPD per unit Assumes 12 units Multifamily Baseline Study
Refrigerated Warehouse 86 0.93 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 92,000 SF EIA: Warehouse and Storage
Religious 77 7.02 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 11,000 SF EIA: Public Assembly
Small Office 110 1.1 GPD per person Assumes 100 people NREL: Office
Small Retail 27 3.43 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 8,000 SF EIA: Mercantile
University 1,000 0.5 GPD per student Assumes 2,000 students NREL: School
Warehouse 465 0.93 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water, 500,000 SF EIA: Warehouse and Storage
Other Calculate 4.89 GPD per 1,000 SF Assumes 10% hot water EIA: Other

1032
U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Water
Consumption in Large Buildings, Table WD1. Daily water consumption in large commercial buildings, 2012.
1033
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Saving Energy in Commercial Buildings: Domestic Hot Water
Assessment Guidelines, Table 1. Hot Water Use By Building Type, June 2011.
1034
Water Research Foundation: Residential End Uses of Water, Version 2, April 2016.
1035
Improving Commercial Kitchen Hot Water System Performance, Design Guide – Energy Efficient Heating,
Delivery and Use, Table 1. Typical hot water system cost for restaurants, March 2010.
1036
1037


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Baseline Heat Loss Coefficient (UAbaseline)

UAbaseline is calculated from the assumed equipment standby loss specification (SLbaseline), which
is determined per minimum effective federal standards for commercial gas storage type water
heaters (see Baseline Standby Losses section below).1039
𝑆𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 =
70
where:
SLbaseline = Standby heat loss (BTU/h) specification. For the baseline condition (SLbaseline),
use the intermediate standby loss equation from the Baseline Standby Losses
section below.
70 = Temperature difference associated with standby loss specification (°F)1040
Baseline Standby Losses (SLbaseline)

Standby losses (SLbaseline) for commercial gas storage type water heaters:1041
𝑄𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑆𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = + 110√𝑣𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
800
where:
vbaseline = Baseline tank volume (gal), equal to the storage capacity of the efficient
equipment
Qbaseline = Baseline input capacity (BTU/h), equal to the input capacity of the efficient
equipment
Qualifying Heat Loss Coefficient (UAee)

Indirect water heater storage tanks are tested and rated for standby losses (in °F/hr or BTU/h) at
standard testing conditions in accordance with testing standards.1042
1038
1039
10 CFR 429, 430, and 431 Docket No. EERE-2015-BT-TP-0007, Energy Conservation Program for Consumer
Products and Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Test Procedures for Consumer and Commercial Water
Heaters.
1040
Ibid.
1041
Ibid.
1042
GAMA Testing Standard: Performance of Indirect-Fired Water Heaters, March 2003.

For equipment with standby losses rated in °F/hr, the qualifying equipment standby loss
specification (SLee) shall be used in the formula below, along with tank volume (vee) to establish
the qualifying equipment heat loss coefficient (UAee).
𝑆𝐿𝑒𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑒𝑒 = × 𝑣 𝑒𝑒 × 8.33
70
where:
SLee = Standby loss specification (°F/hr) of the energy efficient condition
vee = Rated storage capacity (gallons) of the energy efficient condition
For equipment with standby losses rated in BTU/h, the qualifying equipment standby loss
specification (SLee) shall be used in the formula below to establish the qualifying equipment heat
loss coefficient (UAee)
𝑆𝐿𝑒𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑒𝑒 =
70
where:
SLee = Standby loss specification (BTU/h) of the energy efficient condition


The baseline condition is a minimally code compliant fossil fuel storage type or indirect water
heater (based on actual existing conditions) with efficiency per the Energy Conservation
Construction Code of New York State1045 as shown in the table below. Heat loss coefficient of the
baseline condition shall be established as indicated in the Baseline Heat Loss Coefficient section
above. Measure is only applicable to small commercial (<300,000 BTU/h) equipment in
applications with zone priority control. Baseline tank volume and input capacity shall be set equal
to the energy efficient condition. For new construction, a tank type baseline shall be assumed.
1043
Heaters.
1044
Ibid.
1045
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.3(5) and Table C404.2.

Equipment Type/Size Efficiency

Tank Type: All Sizes 0.80 Et
Gas-Fired Hot Water Boiler: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.82 AFUE
Oil-Fired Hot Water Boiler: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.84 AFUE
Gas-Fired Steam Boiler, All Except Natural Draft: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.80 AFUE
Gas-Fired Steam Boiler, Natural Draft: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.80 AFUE
Oil-Fired Steam Boiler: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.82 AFUE

The compliance condition is a small commercial (<300,000 BTU/h) fossil fuel-fired indirect water
heater as defined in the Measure Description section. The efficiency of the compliant equipment
must exceed the efficiency of the baseline equipment.
Operating Hours

A gas-fired storage type water heater is replaced with an indirect water heater tank with an
input capacity of 150 kBtu/h and storage capacity of 60 gallons in a commercial facility
located near Albany. The building’s hot water demand is 200 gallons per day and water heater
set point temperature is 145ºF. The boiler has a 90% energy efficiency rating and a standby
loss rating of 0.56 ºF/hr. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident
below.
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
+( − )× × 8,760]
units =1
GPD/unit = 200, from application
Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 145 – 55.4 = 89.6
Tset from application
Tmain from Cold Water Inlet Temperature table based on location from application
Tamb = Tset – Tamb = 145 – 70 = 75
Tamb from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Effbaseline = 0.82, from Baseline Efficiency section based on application
UAbaseline = SLbaseline / 70 = 962 / 70 = 13.74

UAbaseline equation from Baseline Heat Loss Coefficient section

SLbaseline = Qbaseline / 800 + 100 x (vbaseline)1/2 = 150,000 / 800 + 100 x (60)1/2 = 962
SLbaseline equation from Baseline Standby Losses section
Qbaseline from application based on efficient equipment
vbaseline from application based on efficient equipment
UAee = SLee / 70 x vee x 8.33 = 0.56 / 70 x 60 x 8.33 = 4.00
UAee equation from Qualifying Heat Loss Coefficient section
SLee from application
vee from application
200 × 365 × 8.33 × 89.6 1 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × [ ×( − )
1,000,000 0.82 0.9
13.74 4.00 75
+( − )× × 8,760] = 14.00 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.82 0.9 1,000,000

See Appendix P.

heater is located in a conditioned space. Consideration of these effects is not included in this
methodology.

methodology.
References
1. 10 CFR 431.102 Definitions concerning commercial water heaters, hot water supply
boilers, unfired hot water storage tanks, and commercial heat pump water heaters.
idx?SID=d294d58298d519e0a50d8a28c654ebb5&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5
#se10.3.431_1102
Temperature.
Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2013-title10-
vol3/pdf/CFR-2013-title10-vol3-part430.pdf

3. OSHA Legionnaire’s Disease eTool: Section II: C-1. Domestic Hot-Water Systems.
Available from:
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/legionnairesdisease/control_prevention.htmlU.S. Energy
Information Administration, 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey:
Water Consumption in Large Buildings, Table WD1. Daily water consumption in large
commercial buildings, 2012.
Available from: https://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/reports/2012/water/
4. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Saving Energy in Commercial Buildings:
Domestic Hot Water Assessment Guidelines, Table 1. Hot Water Use By Building Type,
June 2011.
Available from: https://www.circleofblue.org/wp-
content/uploads/2016/04/WRF_REU2016.pdf
6. Improving Commercial Kitchen Hot Water System Performance, Design Guide – Energy
Efficient Heating, Delivery and Use, Table 1. Typical hot water system cost for
restaurants, March 2010.
Available from: https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/M03-025%20-
%20Improving%20Commercial%20Kitchen%20HWS%20Performance%20-%20US.pdf
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/prod_development/new_specs/downloads/water_
heaters/AlgorithmForMainsWaterTemperature.pdf
Normals.
Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf
10. GAMA Testing Standard: Performance of Indirect-Fired Water Heaters, March 2003.
Available from: https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/Indirect-
Fired%20Water%20Heater%20Testing%20Standard03.pdf
11. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.3.2(5): Minimum Efficiency Requirements: Gas- And Oil-
Fired Boilers & Table C404.2: Minimum Performance of Water Heating Equipment.

New-York-State
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
3-18-14 3/29/2018

INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high-efficiency fossil fuel and electric instantaneous water
heaters, which heat water but contain no more than one gallon of water per 4,000 BTU/h of input.
It is applicable to fossil fuel-fired instantaneous water heaters with a rated input greater than
200,000 BTU/h and electric instantaneous water heaters with a rated input greater than 12 kW.1046
This measure applies to potable hot water delivery only; it is not applicable to hot water heaters
used for process loads or space heating.
This measure applies to replacement of existing storage type water heaters using the same heating
fuel (fossil fuel or electric) as the efficient case. For new construction, this measure assumes
baseline to be a standard efficiency water heater using the same heating fuel (fossil fuel or electric)
as the efficient case.
This measure applies to commercial grade water heaters only. For residential-duty water heaters
installed in commercial settings, the Residential Storage Tank and Instantaneous Domestic Water
Heater methodology detailed in this document shall be employed utilizing typical GPD values as
defined in the “Gallons per Day (GPD)” section below.
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1 𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 × 8,760

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − )+ ]
3,412 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 3,412
𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏
3,412
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1 𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 × 8,760
×[ ×( − )+ ]
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 1,000,000
where:
GPD = Gallons per day of delivered hot water per water heater
1046
10 CFR 431.102.

Et = Thermal efficiency

From application, or lookup based on building type
GPD/unit in GPD table below. If based on values per the table
Tmain Tset - Tmain set point temperature and the supply water
Tamb Tset - Tamb set point temperature and the surrounding ambient air
temperature (°F).
Water heater set point temperature (°F). From
Tset
application, or use 140°F.1047
Tmain in Cold Water Inlet Temperature table below based
on nearest city.
Electric: 0.98
Et,baseline Thermal efficiency of the baseline condition.1049,1050
Fossil Fuel: 0.80
Thermal efficiency for energy efficient measure,
Et,ee
from application.
UAbaseline condition, calculate based on baseline standby loss
per the Overall Heat Loss Coefficient section below.
1047
1048
1049
Fuel: 10 CFR 431.110 (a).
1050
Electric: Per 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E – Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Water Heaters: 6.3.2 Recovery Efficiency.


CF 0.8

column.

Showers

1051
1052
1053
1054
Food Service Technology Center, Design Guide – Energy Efficient Heating, Delivery and Use, Table 1. Typical
hot water system cost for restaurants, March 2010.
1055
1056


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Overall Heat Loss Coefficient (UAbaseline)

Tank overall heat loss coefficient is calculated from the equipment standby loss specification. To
calculate UAbaseline, use the appropriate intermediate standby loss equation from the Baseline
Standby Losses section below.
𝑆𝐿
𝑈𝐴 =
70
where:
SL = Standby heat loss (BTU/h). For the baseline condition (SLbaseline), use the appropriate
intermediate standby loss equation from the Baseline Standby Losses section below.
Standby losses (SLbaseline) for large electric storage type water heaters (> 12kW and > 20
gallons):1059
27
(0.30 + 𝑣 )
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑆𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = × 70 × 𝑣𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 8.33
100
where:
vbaseline = Baseline tank volume (gal). If unknown, assume 150 gallons.
8.33 = Specific heat of water; energy required (BTU), to heat one gallon of water by one
degree Fahrenheit [BTU/(gal-F)]
1057
1058
Heaters.
1059
Ibid.
1060
Heaters.

Standby losses (SLbaseline) for large oil and gas storage type water heaters (> 75,000 BTU/h input
capacity (Q) and storage size > 1 gallon per 4000 BTU/h):1061
800
where:
vbaseline = Baseline tank volume (gal). If unknown, assume 150 gallons.
Qbaseline = Baseline input capacity (BTU/h). If unknown, assume 200,000 BTU/h.


The baseline condition is a standard efficiency fossil fuel or electric storage type water heater (fuel
type equivalent to the efficient case) with tank volume and input capacity equivalent to those of
the existing equipment, UA value calculated as prescribed above and a thermal efficiency of 0.80
(fossil fuel) or 0.98 (electric). For new construction, assume the baseline condition consists of a
100-gallon storage type water heater with an input capacity of 200,000 BTU/h.1063

The compliance condition is a fossil fuel or electric instantaneous water heater as defined in the
Measure Description section above. Fossil fuel tankless water heaters must meet the minimum
qualifying efficiency for ENERGY STAR® certification of a thermal efficiency greater than or
equal to 0.94.1064 Electric tankless water heaters must meet or exceed the efficiency of the baseline
condition with a thermal efficiency greater than or equal to 0.98.

See Appendix P.
Operating Hours
standby losses are incurred 8,760 hours per year in the baseline case.

A 250 kBTU/h, 150 gallon gas-fired storage tank water heater in a commercial facility located
1061
Ibid.
1062
1063
Based on the average storage size and capacity of AHRI-certified commercial storage type water heaters per the
ARHI Directory. (https://www.ahridirectory.org/Search/SearchHome)
1064
ENERGY STAR® Commercial Water Heater Key Product Criteria.

near Albany is replaced with a 380 kBTU/h gas-fired instantaneous water heater with a 95%
rated thermal efficiency. The facility has a hot water demand of 1,000 gallons per day and a
hot water set point temperature of 145ºF. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 × 8,760
+ ]
GPD/unit = 1,000, from application

Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 145 – 55.4 = 89.6
Et,baseline = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on type from
application
Et,ee = 0.95, from application
UAbaseline = SLbaseline / 70 = 1,537 / 70 = 21.96
UAbaseline equation from Overall Heat Loss Coefficient section
SLbaseline = Qbaseline /800 + 100 x (vbaseline)1/2 = 250,000/800 + 100 x (150)1/2 = 1,537
SLbaseline equation from Baseline Standby Losses section based on equipment
Qbaseline from application
vbaseline from application
Tamb = Tset – Tamb = 145 – 70 = 75
1,000 × 365 × 8.33 × 89.6 1 1 21.96 × 75 × 8,760

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × [ ×( − )+ ]
1,000,000 0.8 0.95 0.8 × 1,000,000

methodology.

the water heater is located in a conditioned space. Consideration of these effects is not included in
this methodology.

References
Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2013-title10-vol3/pdf/CFR-
2013-title10-vol3-part431.pdf
Temperature.
idx?SID=2c2e82b00e0ba6b6305499302e81fa2a&mc=true&node=ap10.3.430_127.e&
rgn=div9
Available from:
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/legionnairesdisease/control_prevention.html
5. U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy
Consumption Survey: Water Consumption in Large Buildings, Table WD1. Daily water
consumption in large commercial buildings, 2012.
June 2011.
Available from: https://caenergywise.com/design-
guides/Water_Heating_Design_Guide.pdf
Available from:
Normals.

Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf
12. ENERGY STAR® Commercial Water Heater Key Product Criteria
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/products/water_heaters/commercial_water_heaters/key_prod
uct_criteria
New-York-State
Record of Revision
6-18-20 6/26/2018
3-21-13 4/9/2021

STORAGE TANK WATER HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of fossil fuel and electric storage tank water heaters designed
to heat and store water at a thermostatically controlled temperature. This measure applies to
potable hot water delivery only; it is not applicable to hot water heaters used for process loads or
space heating.
Storage type units include commercial fossil fuel storage water heaters with a nominal input of
greater than 75,000 BTU/h and less than 4,000 BTU/h per gallon of stored water and commercial
electric storage water heaters with a nominal input of greater than 12 kilowatts and less than 4,000
BTU/h per gallon of stored water.1065
This measure applies to replacement of existing storage type water heaters using the same heating
fuel (fossil fuel or electric) as the efficient case. For new construction, this measure assumes
baseline to be a standard efficiency water heater using the same heating fuel (fossil fuel or electric)
as the efficient equipment.
This measure applies to commercial grade water heaters only. For residential-duty water heaters
installed in commercial settings, the Residential Storage Tank and Instantaneous Domestic Water
Heater methodology detailed in this document shall be employed utilizing typical GPD values as
defined in the “Gallons per Day (GPD)” section below.
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − )
3,412 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑒
(𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑈𝐴𝑒𝑒 ) × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏

3,412
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1

where:
1065
10 CFR 431.102.



building type, square footage and occupancy from
GPD/unit
GPD table below. If based on values per the table
Tmain Tset - Tmain heater set point temperature and the supply water
Tamb Tset - Tamb heater set point temperature and the surrounding
Water heater set point temperature (°F), per
Tset
application or use 140°F as a default.1066
Electric: 0.98 Thermal efficiency of the baseline
Et,baseline
Fossil Fuel: 0.80 condition.1068,1069
Et,ee Thermal efficiency for energy efficient measure,
1066
1067
1068
Fuel: 10 CFR 431.110 (a).
1069
Electric: Per 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E – Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Water Heaters: 6.3.2 Recovery Efficiency.


from application.
condition (BTU/h-°F). Calculate based on
UAbaseline
baseline standby loss per the Overall Heat Loss
Overall heat loss coefficient of the energy
efficient measure (BTU/h-°F). Calculate based on
UAee
energy efficient standby loss per the Overall Heat
Loss Coefficient section below.
CF 0.8

column.

Showers
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074



City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Overall Heat Loss Coefficient (UAbaseline and UAee)

Tank overall heat loss coefficient is calculated from the equipment standby loss specification. For
UAee, the manufacturer specified standby loss shall be applied directly to the UA formula below.
To calculate UAbaseline, use the appropriate intermediate standby loss equation from the Baseline
Standby Losses section below.
𝑆𝐿
𝑈𝐴 =
70
where:
SL = Standby heat loss (BTU/h), from application for the energy efficient measure (SLee). For
the baseline condition (SLbaseline), use the appropriate intermediate standby loss equation
from the Baseline Standby Losses section below.

Standby losses (SLbaseline) for commercial electric storage type water heaters:1078
27
(0.30 + 𝑣 )
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑆𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = × 70 × 𝑣𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 8.33
100
1075
1076
1077
Heaters.
1078
Ibid.

where:
vbaseline = Baseline tank volume (gal), equal to the storage capacity of the efficient equipment
Standby losses (SLbaseline) for commercial gas storage type water heaters:1080
800
where:
vbaseline = Baseline tank volume (gal), equal to the storage capacity of the efficient equipment
Qbaseline = Baseline input capacity (BTU/h), equal to the input capacity of the efficient equipment


The baseline condition for replacement measures is a standard efficiency fossil fuel or electric
storage type water heater (based on proposed conditions) with tank volume and input capacity
equivalent to the efficient case, UA value calculated as prescribed above and a thermal efficiency
of 0.80 (fossil fuel) or 0.98 (electric).

The compliance condition is a fossil fuel or electric storage type water heater as defined in the
Measure Description section above, which exceeds the efficiency of the baseline equipment.
Operating Hours
1079
Heaters.
1080
Heaters.
1081


A gas storage tank water heater is installed in a commercial facility located near Albany. The
facility has a hot water demand of 500 gallons per day. The storage tank water heater has a
storage capacity of 100 gallons, an input capacity of 200 kBTU/h and an efficiency rating of
97%. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not
applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1

units = 1
GPD/unit = 500, from application
Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 145 – 55.4 = 89.6
Et,baseline = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on type from
application
Et,ee = 0.97, from application
500 × 365 × 8.33 × 89.6 1 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × ×( − ) = 29.84 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.8 0.97

See Appendix P.

heater is located in conditioned space. Consideration of these effects is not included in this
methodology.

High-efficiency water heaters may incorporate a draft fan, which increases electricity
consumption. Additionally, reduction in standby heat losses will have a negligible impact on space
heating and cooling when the water heater is located in conditioned space. Consideration of these
References


Temperature.
Available from:
June 2011.
Available from: https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/M03-025%20-
%20Improving%20Commercial%20Kitchen%20HWS%20Performance%20-%20US.pdf
Available from:
Normals.
Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf

New-York-State
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
12-17-10 12/31/2017

DOMESTIC HOT WATER (DHW) – CONTROL
CENTRAL DOMESTIC HOT WATER (DHW) CONTROL

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the installation of temperature modulation and demand controls on
central domestic hot water (DHW) systems with recirculation. Temperature modulation controls
reduce circulator pump energy and recirculation heat losses by modulating DHW system supply
temperatures according to a set schedule, activating recirculation when supply water drops below
the set point. Demand controls limit energy consumption by activating recirculation loops based
on demand. DHW demand controls must monitor calls for hot water and return water temperature,
activating recirculation when demand is detected or return water has dropped below a prescribed
temperature. Temperature modulation and demand controls achieve savings without significant
interruptions to instantaneous hot water availability.
This measure is not applicable to new construction or gut rehab installations.1082 This measure is
not applicable in facilities where twenty-four-hour recirculation and delivered hot water
temperature is required by code. DHW demand control systems shall be installed by a qualified
contractor complying with all relevant construction and safety codes and standards.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐻𝑊
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 = × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝
𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝐹𝐷𝐻𝑊,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐻𝑊 = × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝐻𝑊
3,412 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 8,760
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝐹𝐷𝐻𝑊,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝐻𝑊
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 8,760
1082
ECCCNYS 2020 C404.7 and NYSPC 607.2.

where:
hp = Total recirculation system pump horsepower
Eff = Efficiency
pump = Property of circulator pump
LF = Load Factor
hrsrecirc,baseline = Annual hours of operation of recirculation system in the baseline condition
GPD = Gallons per day
∆Tmain = Average temperature difference between water heater set point temperature and
the supply water temperature in water main (ºF)
elec = Property of electrical central DHW system
fuel = Property of fossil fuel central DHW system
HW = Hot water
FDHW,elec = Electric water heating factor
FDHW,fuel = Fossil fuel water heating factor

PSC pump efficiency.1083
PSC Pump: 0.60 ECM pump efficiency.1084
Effpump
ECM Pump: 0.80
If unknown, use a value of 0.80.
LF 0.9
hrsrecirc,baseline From application.
1083
US DOE, Energy Savings Potential and Opportunities for High-Efficiency Electric Motors in Residential and
Commercial Equipment, Table 2.1 Summary of Single-Phase AC Induction Motor Characteristics - Efficiency of the
baseline condition is taken as the average full load efficiency rating range for a PSC motor.
1084
ACHR News, Comparing Motor Technologies, December 2009.


From application, or lookup/calculate based on building
GPD type, square footage and occupancy from GPD table
below.
∆Tmain Tset – Tmain point temperature and the supply water temperature in
water main (ºF).
Water heater set point temperature (ºF), per application
Tset
or use 140ºF as default.1085
nearest city.
Et,elec 0.98 Thermal efficiency of electric water heater.1086
Et,fuel 0.80 Thermal efficiency of fossil fuel water heater.1087
ESFpump 0.87 Minnesota Department of Commerce.1088
Lookup based on control type in the Energy Savings
ESFHW
Factor section below.
Use a value of 1.0 if the affected DHW system is
FDHW,elec
electric. Otherwise, use 0.0.
Use a value of 1.0 if the affected DHW system is fossil
FDHW,fuel
fuel-fired. Otherwise, use 0.0.
CF 0.8

column.

Showers
1085
10 CFR Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430—Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of
Water Heaters, Section 2. Test Conditions, 2.5 Set Point Temperature.
1086
Per 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E – Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of
Water Heaters: 6.3.2 Recovery Efficiency.
1087
Per 10 CFR 431.110(a).
1088
Center for Energy and Environment, Evaluation of New DHW System Controls in Hospitality and Commercial
Buildings, Prepared for Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy Resources, June 30, 2018, pg. 12.
1089
1090
1091




City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Energy Savings Factor

The hot water energy savings factor (ESFHW) is dependent on the installed control type.
Control Type ESFHW Notes

Demand Control 0.07 NREL1096
Temperature Modulation 0.02 NREL1097
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
NREL, Control Strategies to Reduce the Energy Consumption of Central Domestic Hot Water Systems, June
2016.
1097
Ibid.

Demand Control and

0.15 NREL1098
Temperature Modulation


The baseline condition for this measure is a central DHW recirculation system running in
continuous operation.

The compliance condition is a central DHW recirculation system with a control system that
regulates circulator pump operation based on demand, temperature or both. Recirculation system
controls must be installed by a qualified contractor complying with all relevant construction and
safety codes and standards.
Operating Hours
Baseline recirculation hours drive savings and shall come from application.

Temperature modulation and demand controls are installed on a gas fired, central domestic hot
water system with recirculation in a commercial facility located near Albany. The recirculation
pump is run by a 1/4 horsepower EC motor and is in continuous operation year round. The
facility has a demand of 750 gallons of water per day and a hot water set point temperature of
145ºF. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐻𝑊
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 = × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝
𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐻𝑊 = × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝐻𝑊
3,412 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 8,760
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
1098
Ibid.
1099

𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝐻𝑊
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 8,760
hp = 0.25, from application

Effpump = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on pump type from
application
LF = 0.9, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
hrsrecirc,baseline = 8,760, from application
ESFpump = 0.87, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
GPD = 750, from application
Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 145 – 55.4 = 89.6
Et,fuel = 0.80, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on equipment from
application
ESFHW = 0.15, based on Energy Savings Factor table based on application
CF = 0.8
0.25 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 = × 0.9 × 8,760 × 0.87 = 1,637.60 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.8
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 + 0 = 1,637.60 + 0 = 1,637.60 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,637.60
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.8 = 0.149 𝑘𝑊
8,760
750 × 365 × 8.33 × 89.6 1 8,760

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × × 0.15 = 38.31 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.8 8,760

See Appendix P.


References

1. ECCCNYS 2020, C404.7 Demand recirculation controls.

2. NYSPC 2020, 607.2.1.2 Demand recirculation controls for distribution system.
and-distribution
3. Energy Savings Potential and Opportunities for High-Efficiency Electric Motors in
Residential and Commercial Equipment, Building Technologies Office, US Department
of Energy. December 2013. Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/02/f8/Motor%20Energy%20Savings%20Po
tential%20Report%202013-12-4.pdf
4. ACHR News, Comparing Motor Technologies, December 2009.
Available from: https://www.achrnews.com/articles/112674-comparing-motor-
technologies
5. Center for Energy and Environment, Evaluation of New DHW System Controls in
Hospitality and Commercial Buildings, Prepared for Minnesota Department of
Commerce, Division of Energy Resources. June 30, 2018.
Available from: http://mn.gov/commerce-stat/pdfs/card-dhw-system-controls.pdf
6. NREL, Control Strategies to Reduce the Energy Consumption of Central Domestic Hot
Water Systems, Jordan Dentz et al. June 2016.
Temperature.
June 2011.

Available from: https://caenergywise.com/design-

guides/Water_Heating_Design_Guide.pdf
Available from:
Normals.
New-York-State
Record of Revision
3-20-8 3/30/2020
6-22-9 9/2/2022

DOMESTIC HOT WATER (DHW) TEMPERATURE TURNDOWN

Measure Description
This measure covers the turn down of a storage type water heater’s temperature setpoint to reduce
standby losses and total water heating demand. This is only applicable in cases where water heater
storage setpoint temperature exceeds those necessary for specific applications and can be safely
reduced without contravening applicable regulations and health and safety recommendations.
Reducing water heater setpoint temperature may also slow mineral buildup and corrosion in the
water heater and distribution pipes. Post-implementation setpoints shall comply with all applicable
health and safety regulations, codes, and standards.
𝑈𝐴 ∆𝑇
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ × × 8,760] × 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡 3,412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760
𝑈𝐴 ∆𝑇
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = [ × × 8,760] × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡 1,000,000
where:
ΔT = Temperature difference between pre and post-turn down temperature setting
Et = Thermal efficiency of storage water heater
UA = Overall heat transfer coefficient (BTU/hr-°F)
ElecSF = Electric Savings Factor: Adjustment to electric energy savings based on fuel type
FuelSF = Fossil Fuel Savings Factor: Adjustment to fuel energy savings based on fuel type
8,760 = Hours in a day


From application, calculated as the difference between the
ΔT
pre and post-turn down temperature setpoint.
Electric For fossil fuel-fired water heaters, thermal efficiency rating
Resistance: 0.98 from application.
Et
Other: From
application For heat pump water heaters, COP from application.
Electric DHW: 1
ElecSF
Fuel DHW: 0
Electric DHW: 0
FuelSF
Fuel DHW: 1
Overall heat loss coefficient (BTU/h-°F). Calculate based
UA on standby loss per the Overall Heat Loss Coefficient
section below.
CF 0.8
Overall Heat Loss Coefficient (UA)

UA is calculated from the assumed equipment standby loss specification (SL), which is
determined per minimum effective federal standards for commercial gas storage type water
heaters (see Standby Losses section below).1100
𝑆𝐿
𝑈𝐴 =
70
where:
SL = Standby heat loss (BTU/h) specification. Use the appropriate intermediate standby loss
equation from the Standby Losses section below based on water heater type.
Standby Losses (SL)

Standby losses (SL) for commercial electric storage type water heaters:1102
27
(0.30 + 𝑣 )
𝑆𝐿 = × 70 × 𝑣 × 8.33
100
where:
v = Tank volume (gal)
1100
Heaters.
1101
Ibid.
1102
Ibid.
1103
Heaters.

Standby losses (SL) for commercial gas storage type water heaters:1104
𝑄
𝑆𝐿 = + 110√𝑣
800
where:
v = Tank volume (gal)
Q = Input capacity (BTU/h)


The baseline condition for this measure is a commercial DHW system with factory temperature
setting.

The compliance condition is a commercial DHW system with reduced storage setpoint temperature
compliant with all applicable health and safety regulations, codes, and standards.
Operating Hours

A fossil fuel fired commercial DHW system that is 78% efficient has its temperature turned
down from 140°F to 120°F. The input capacity of the unit is 110,000 BTU/h and has a volume
of 100 gallons. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated below.
𝑈𝐴 ∆𝑇
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = [ × × 8,760] × 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑡 1,000,000
𝑆𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 =
70
where,
1104
Ibid.
1105

800
ΔT = 140 - 120 = 20°F

Et = 0.78, from application
FuelSF = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
110,000
𝑆𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = + 110√100 = 1,237.5
800
1,237.5
𝑈𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = = 17.68
70
17.68 20
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = [ × × 8,760] × 1 = 3.97 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.78 1,000,000

See Appendix P.


References
Temperature.
=div9
div8
=div8

Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf
Record of Revision
12-21-15 1/28/2022
6-22-10 9/2/2022

DRAIN WATER HEAT RECOVERY (DWHR)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of drain water heat recovery systems on a main waste drain
in commercial applications. Drain water heat recovery (DWHR) systems are drainage heat
exchangers that recover heat from drain greywater to preheat cold water entering the water heater.
By preheating cold water entering the storage tank, the water heater consumes less energy to heat
the water to the desired temperature.
This measure is only applicable to buildings with storage type water heaters.
𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
3,412 𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐
𝑈𝐴 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1

1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
where:
GPD = Gallons per day


GPD building type, square footage and occupancy from
GPD table below.
Tmain Tset - Tmain heater set point temperature and the supply water
Tamb = Tset - Tamb heater set point temperature and the surrounding
Tset From application.
From application. If unknown, use default thermal
Et,elec 0.98 efficiency of typical electric storage type water
heater provided.1107
From application. If unknown, use default efficiency
Et,fuel 0.80
of typical gas storage type water heater.1108
UA 7.85
condition (BTU/h-°F).1109
ESF 0.25 Oak Ridge National Laboratory.1110
CF 0.8
1106
1107
Per 10 CFR 431 Subpart G, Appendix B 5.7.1.
1108
Per 10 CFR 431.110 (a).
1109
1110
GFX Evaluation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, August 2000, lower end of the energy savings range (25-
30%). Savings are assumed to be comparable to residential application.


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0

column.

Showers
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117




The baseline condition is a storage type water heater without a DWHR system in a commercial
application.

The compliance condition is a storage type water heater equipped with DWHR on the main waste
drainage line in a commercial application. DWHR units shall comply with CSA B55.2 and shall
be tested in accordance with CSA B55.1. Potable water-side pressure loss of DWHR units shall be
less than 3 psi.1119
Operating Hours

A drainwater heat recovery system is installed in a small commercial facility located near
Albany. The facility has an electric water heater with a demand of 300 gallons of water per
day and a set point temperature of 140ºF. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
𝑈𝐴 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹

GPD = 300, from application
Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 140 – 55.4 = 84.6
1118
1119
ECCCNYS 2020, Section R403.5.4 Drain Water Recovery Units.

Et,elec = 0.98, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
UA = 7.85, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Tamb = Tset – Tamb = 140 – 70 = 70
300 × 365 × 8.33 × 84.6 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × × 0.25 = 5,769.45 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412 0.98
7.85 × 70 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × × 0.25 × 0.8 = 0.0329 𝑘𝑊
3,412 0.98

See Appendix P.


References
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=78ea8c7c6bf5379d6e0fd2b41e335739&mc=true&n=pt10.3
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_12
div8
=div8
4. GFX Evaluation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, August 2000.
Available from: http://gfxtechnology.com/Duluth-Triplex.pdf

Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf
Available from:
Normals.
10. ECCCNYS 2020 Section R403.5.4 Drain Water Heat Recovery Units.
11. 10 CFR 431 Subpart G – Commercial Water Heaters, Hot Water Supply Boilers and
Unfired Hot Water Storage Tanks, Appendix B - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the
Standby Loss of Electric Storage Water Heaters and Storage-Type Instantaneous Water
Heaters.
idx?SID=e0518d0e0befdd3d0f69d20f62691096&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
ap10.3.431_1110.b
New-York-State
Record of Revision
3-21-14 4/9/2021

LOW-FLOW - FAUCET AERATOR

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of low-flow faucet aerators in commercial and industrial
applications. A faucet aerator is a water saving device that attaches to a preinstalled faucet and
reduces water flow while maintaining appropriate water pressure. Retrofitting existing code
compliant aerators in locations where service water is supplied by electric or fossil fuel-fired hot
water heaters with more energy efficient aerators reduces hot water consumption resulting in
corresponding energy savings. This measure is not applicable to public lavatories.
(𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 × 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟,𝑒𝑒 ) × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 8.33

3,412
1
× 60 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 ×
𝐸𝑡,𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐

1,000,000
1
× 60 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 ×
𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
where:
Flowr = Flow rate restricted
ΔTmain = Average temperature difference between faucet operating temperature and the
supply water temperature in water main (○F)
hrs = Operating hours per day

60 = Conversion factor, minutes in one hour

Kitchen: 1.8
GPMbaseline GPM for baseline measure, based on faucet type.1120
Private Lavatory: 1.2
From application, or use minimum program compliant
GPMee
flowrate if unknown.
Flowr,baseline 0.83 American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.1121
Flowr,ee 0.95 American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.1122
Based on an assumed 30 uses per day, 30 seconds per
hrs 0.25
use.1123
Facility annual operating days, from application or look
days up based on facility type in Operating Hours section
below.
Average temperature difference between faucet operating
ΔTmain Tfaucet – Tmain temperature and the supply water temperature in water
main (○F).
Faucet operating temperature (○F).1124
Lavatory: 86
Unknown is derived from the calculated weighted
Tfaucet Kitchen: 93
average based on statewide average assumptions:
Unknown: 88
((1*93)+(3*86))/(1+3)=88.
Supply water temperature in water main (○F). Lookup in
nearest city.
Et,elec 0.98 Thermal efficiency of electric water heater.1125
Et,fuel 0.80 Thermal efficiency of fossil fuel water heater.1126

1120
1121
Energy Related Water Fixture Measurements: Securing the Baseline for Northwest Single-Family Homes,
American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, August 2008, pg. 1-265.
1122
Ibid.
1123
FEMP, Domestic Water Conservation Technologies, pg. 35.
1124
Cadmus and Opinion Dynamics Showerhead and Faucet Aerator Meter Study Memorandum dated June 2013,
Directed to Michigan Evaluation Working Group. Table 93 “HEI Updated PY2014 Variable Assumptions”.
1125
Per 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E – Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of
Water Heaters: 6.3.2 Recovery Efficiency.
1126
Per 10 CFR 431.110 (a).


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0
Coincidence Factor

The baseline condition is a kitchen or private lavatory faucet aerator as defined in the Measure
Description section above with flow rate equivalent to maximum code compliant GPM per
application.

The compliance condition is a low-flow kitchen or private lavatory faucet aerator as defined in the
Measure Description section above which exceeds the efficiency of the baseline equipment.
Operating Hours
Faucets are assumed to be used 30 times per day with an average of 30 seconds per use.1129 Days
of operation shall be taken from application. If unknown, default operating days per year are
provided below, established based on a weighted average of values associated with similar facility
types, as reported by the California Energy Commission.1130
Facility Type Days/Year

Community College 283
Fast Food 363
Full Service Restaurant 321
Grocery 365
Hospital 365
1127
1128
1129
FEMP, Domestic Water Conservation Technologies, pg. 35.
1130

Facility Type Days/Year

Hotel 365
Miscellaneous 325
Motel 365
Primary School 180
Secondary School 180
Small Office 250
University 283

Twenty 0.5 GPM low-flow faucet aerators are installed on lavatory sinks in a commercial
facility located near Albany. Hot water is provided by a 100 gallon gas-fired storage tank
water heater. The facility is open 300 days per year. Annual Electric Energy Savings and
×
1,000,000
1
× 60 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 ×
𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

GPMbaseline = 1.2, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on location from
application
Flowr,baseline = 0.83, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
GPMee =0.5, from application
Flowr,ee = 0.95, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ΔTmain = Tfaucet – Tmain = 86 – 55.4 = 30.6
Tfaucet = 86, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on location from
application
hrs = 0.25, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Et,fuel = 0.80, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
(1.2 × 0.83 − 0.5 × 0.95) × 30.6 × 8.33 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 20 × × 60 × 0.25 × 300 ×
1,000,000 0.80
= 14.94 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
Effective Useful Life

See Appendix P.



References
1. NYS 2020 Plumbing Code Table 604.4, Maximum Flow Rates and Consumption for
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSPC2020P1/chapter-6-water-
2. Energy-related Water Fixture Measurements: Securing the Baseline for Northwest Single
Family Homes, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, August 2008.
3. Federal Energy Management Program, Domestic Water Conservation Technologies,
October 2002.
Available from: https://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/22799.pdf
4. Cadmus and Opinion Dynamics Showerhead and Faucet Aerator Meter Study
Memorandum dated June 2013, Directed to Michigan Evaluation Working Group.
Available from: http://www.oracle.com/us/industries/utilities/cadmus-indianapolis-
power-light-3697534.pdf
3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
se10.3.431_1110
7. Burch, Jay and Christensen, Craig, “Towards Development of an Algorithm for Mains
Available from:
https://energy.mo.gov/sites/energy/files/algorithmformainswatertemperature.pdf
Normals.
Available from:

07&offset=0
Available from: https://www.energy.ca.gov/rules-and-regulations/appliance-efficiency-
regulations-title-20/appliance-efficiency-proceedings
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-18-9 6/26/2018

LOW-FLOW - PRE-RINSE SPRAY VALVE (PRSV)

Measure Description
This measure covers the retrofit of pre-rinse spray valves, often used in commercial and
institutional kitchens. Pre-rinse spray valves (PRSV) are handheld devices that are designed to
remove food waste from dishes prior to dishwashing. Retrofitting existing standard flow PRSVs
in locations where service water is supplied by electric or natural gas fired hot water heaters with
new low-flow PRSVs reduces hot water consumption resulting in corresponding energy savings.
(𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × 60 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 8.33 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×
3,412 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×
1,000,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
where:
hrs = Annual operating hours of PRSV
ΔTmain = Average temperature difference between PRSV operating temperature and the
supply water temperature in water main (°F)
Eff = Water heating process efficiency
60 = Minutes in one hour


Current federal standard based on spray force
product class in ounce-force, ofz.1131
≤ 5.0 ozf: 1.00
GPMbaseline > 5.0 and ≤ 8.0 ozf: 1.20 For municipalities subject to EPA WaterSense
> 8.0 ozf: 1.28 (i.e., WaterSense Partners1132), maximum
standard flowrate under that program supersede
federal standard values.
GPMee From application.
Lookup in operating hours table below based on
hrs
facility type. If unknown, use 365 as default
Average temperature difference between PRSV
ΔTmain TPRSV – Tmain operating temperature and the supply water
PRSV operating temperature (°F), from
TPRSV
application. If unknown, assume 120°F.1133
Process efficiency of electric water heater.1134
The temperature differential is derived from the
average main temperature and the operating
Effelec 0.90
temperature at the PRSV. Therefore, process
efficiency of delivery of hot water to the PRSV,
rather than rated water heater efficiency, is used.
Process efficiency of fossil fuel water heater.1135
The temperature differential is derived from the
average main temperature and the operating
Efffuel 0.60
temperature at the PRSV. Therefore, process
efficiency of delivery of hot water to the PRSV,
rather than rated water heater efficiency, is used.

1131
10 CFR 431.266(b).
1132
1133
CEE Commercial Kitchens Initiative Program Guidance on Pre-Rinse Spray Valves, 2005, pg. 3.
1134
EPA Water Sense Pre-Rinse Spray Valves Field Study Report, February 2011, pg. 30.
1135
1136

Annual average outdoor Average Main Temperature

City
temperature1137 (°F) Tmain (°F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0


The baseline condition is a PRSV as defined in the Measure Description section above with flow
rate equivalent to current federal standard. For municipalities subject to EPA WaterSense (i.e.,
WaterSense Partners 1138 ), maximum standard flowrate under that program supersede federal
standard values.

The compliance condition is a PRSV as defined in the Measure Description section above, whose
flow rate is less than that of the baseline condition.
Operating Hours
Annual operating hours of pre-rinse spray valves based on facility type are listed in the table
below.1139
hrs
Type of Facility
(Hours/Year)
Quick-Service Restaurant 365
Casual Dining Restaurant 730
Cafeteria 1460

A 0.8 GPM PRSV is installed in the kitchen in a casual dining restaurant located near Albany.
The exit temperature of the PRSV is 125ºF at 6 ounce-force, and the facility has an electric
storage type water heater. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel
Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are calculated as below.
1137
1138
1139
CEE Commercial Kitchens Initiative Program Guidance on Pre-Rinse Spray Valves, 2005, pg. 3.


∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×
3,412 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐
GPMbaseline = 1.20, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on faucet set
points from application
hrs = 730, from operating hours table based on facility type from application
ΔTmain = TPRSV – Tmain = 125 – 55.4 = 69.6
TPRSV = from application. If unknown, assume 120°F
Effelec = 0.90, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
(1.2 − 0.8) × 60 × 730 × 69.6 × 8.33 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × = 3,307.78 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412 0.9

See Appendix P.


References
idx?SID=fa5acd7c1276f26b10eb66f5c415baae&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#s
e10.3.431_1266
2. US EPA, WaterSense® Pre-Rinse Spray Valves Field Study Report, February 1, 2011.
Available from: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-01/documents/ws-
products-support-statement-prsv.pdf
Available from:


Normals.
5. CEE Commercial Kitchens Initiative Program Guidance on Pre-Rinse Spray Valves.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/4252/PRSV%20Program%20Guidance.pdf
Record of Revision
1-16-18 12/31/2015
3-18-10 3/29/2018

LOW-FLOW - SALON V ALVE

Measure Description
This measure covers the retrofit of salon valves, often used at hair salons and at pet grooming
facilities, with low-flow spray heads. Salon valves are handheld devices that are designed to wash
and rinse hair. Retrofitting existing standard-flow salon valves in locations where service water is
supplied by electric or natural gas fired hot water heaters with new low-flow heads reduces hot
water consumption, which results in corresponding energy savings.
Due to limited information regarding the typical operating characteristics of low-flow salon valves,
this measure relies on commercial showerhead and pre-rinse spray valve research to establish an
approach that estimates the savings associated with low-flow salon valve devices.
(𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐹𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 × 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 8.33

3,412
1
×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐

1,000,000
1
×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
where:
Fthrottle = Throttle factor
minvalve = Minutes of operation of salon valve per hour
hrs = Annual operating hours of facility
ΔTmain = Average temperature difference between salon valve operating temperature and

Eff = Water heating process efficiency


Current international plumbing code standard as
NYS: 2.0 adopted by New York State.1140
NYC: 2.0
GPMbaseline
WaterSense®: See For municipalities subject to EPA WaterSense® (i.e.,
Notes WaterSense Partners1141), showerheads under that
program shall follow code-compliant values.1142
GPMee From application.
Used in LBNL study to adjust for occupant reduction in
Fthrottle 0.9
flowrate.1143
One shampoo cycle lasts 5 minutes and occurs an
minvalve 20 average of 4 times per washing station per hour, based
on market research.
hrs From application. If unknown, use 2,080.1144
Average temperature difference between valve
ΔTmain Tvalve – Tmain operating temperature and the supply water temperature
Salon valve operating temperature (°F), from
Tvalve
application. If unknown, assume 105°F.1145
nearest city.
Process efficiency of electric water heater.1146 The
temperature differential is derived from the average
Effelec 0.90
main temperature and the operating temperature at the
valve. Therefore, process efficiency of delivery of hot
1140
2020 NYS Plumbing Code, Table 604.4.
1141
1142
EPA WaterSense® Specification for Showerheads, Version 1.1, July 26, 2011.
1143
1144
Based on market research, assumes 5 minutes of water used per shampoo and 4 shampoos per hour where
facility operating hours are 8 hours per day, 5 days per week.
1145
Average temperature at showerhead; conservative assumption based on NYS plumbing code, EPA MFHR
program and ASSE 1070-2014.
1146


water to the valve, rather than rated water heater
efficiency, is used.
Process efficiency of fossil fuel water heater.1147 The
temperature differential is derived from the average
main temperature and the operating temperature at the
Efffuel 0.60
valve. Therefore, process efficiency of delivery of hot
water to the valve, rather than rated water heater
efficiency, is used.

Annual average outdoor Average Main Temperature

City
temperature1149 (°F) Tmain (°F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0


The baseline condition is a salon valve as defined in the Measure Description section above with
flow rate equivalent to maximum code compliance. For municipalities subject to EPA WaterSense
(i.e., WaterSense Partners), maximum standard flowrates under that program supersede code
compliant values.1150

The compliance condition is a salon valve as defined in the Measure Description section above
with flow rate less than the specified baseline value (< 2.0 gpm) or less than the more restrictive
1147
1148
1149
1150

codes or guidelines of local governments, municipalities or entities which, for example, participate
in the US EPA Water Sense® Partnership Program.
Operating Hours
Based on market research, one shampoo cycle lasts 5 minutes and occurs an average of 4 times
per washing station per hour, resulting in 20 minutes of valve operation per hour. Total annual
hours of usage are based on the hours of operation of the facility, from application. If unknown,
assume 2,080 annual hours, based on 8 hours per day, 5 days per week.

A salon located near Albany installs two 1.5 GPM low-flow salon valves. The salon is open
for 2,200 hours annually. Domestic hot water is provided by a gas-fired storage tank water
heater. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not
×
1,000,000
1
×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

Fthrottle = 0.9, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
minvalve = 20, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ΔTmain = Tvalve – Tmain = 105ºF - 55.4 ºF = 49.6 ºF
Tvalve =105ºF, default from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Tmain = 55.4, from Cold Water Inlet Temperature table based on location from
application
Efffuel = 0.60, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
(2 − 1.5) × 0.9 × 20 × 2,200 × 49.6 × 8.33 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 2 × × = 27.27 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.6

See Appendix P.



References
1. NYS Plumbing Code 2020, Chapter 6.
and-distribution
2. EPA WaterSense® Specification for Showerheads, Version 1.1, July 26, 2018.
products-specification-showerheads-v1-1.pdf
3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL): “Potential Water and Energy
Savings from Showerheads”, March 2006.
Available from: https://www.sdge.com/sites/default/files/viewcontent_0.pdf
4. US EPA, WaterSense® Pre-Rinse Spray Valves Field Study Report, February 1, 2011.
Available from:
https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/P1010AZU.TXT?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Clien
t=EPA&Index=2011+Thru+2015&Docs=&Query=&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod
=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFiel
dDay=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D%3A%5Czyfiles%5CIn
dex%20Data%5C11thru15%5CTxt%5C00000035%5CP1010AZU.txt&User=ANONYM
OUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-
&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i
425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&Bac
kDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=1&SeekPage=x&ZyPURL
Available from:
Normals.
7. CEE Commercial Kitchens Initiative Program Guidance on Pre-Rinse Spray Valves.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/4252/PRSV%20Program%20Guidance.pdf
Record of Revision
12-18-10 12/28/2018

LOW-FLOW - S HOWERHEAD
Measure Description
A low flow showerhead is a water saving showerhead with rated gallons per minute (GPM) less
than maximum allowable flowrate as mandated by federal, state, local and municipal codes and
standards. New York State appliance standards require compliance with California Title 201151,
which prescribes a maximum flowrate of 1.8 GPM for showerheads. This is a retrofit direct install
measure or a new installation.
8.33 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 × (𝑇𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × ×
8.33 1
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
Note: to estimate the annual gallons of water saved from installation of measure
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐 × × × 365
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑦𝑟
where:
H2Osavings = Reduction of hot water usage per facility per year
Et = Thermal efficiency of water heater
Tshower = Temperature (°F) at showerhead
1151
California Energy Commission (Title 20)

Tmain = Temperature (°F) of supply water from main


GPMbaseline 1.8 Gallons per minute for baseline.1152
GPMee
application.
Used in LBNL study to adjust for occupant reduction in
Throttlefac 0.9
flow rate.1153
minutes/use 8.2 Average shower duration per LBNL study.1154
uses/day From application.
Assumed typical fossil fuel water heater recovery efficiency
0.80
(standard efficiency).
Et,fuel
Assumed typical fossil fuel water heater recovery efficiency
0.94
(ENERGY STAR® qualified).
Et,elec 0.98 Assumed typical electric water heater recovery efficiency.
Average inlet water temperature (°F) by location is shown
Tmain
below.
Average temperature (°F) at showerhead; conservative
Tshower 105 assumption based on NYS plumbing code, EPA MFHR
program and ASSE 1070-2014.


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
1152
1153
1154
Ibid.
1155
1156


City Tmain (F)
Syracuse 49.0 55.0


The Summary of Variables and Data Sources provides the baseline (standard) water flow, water
heating efficiency and related input assumptions. Assumptions regarding average duration of use
and number of uses per day are also presented.

Compliance flow rate is less than the specified baseline value (<1.8 gpm) or less than the more
restrictive codes or guidelines of local governments, municipalities or entities which, for
example, participate in the US EPA Water Sense® Partnership Program.1157
Operating Hours
Assumed duration of shower and assumed number of showers per day as listed above in
Summary of Variables and Data Sources.

Eight 1.5 GPM low-flow showerheads are installed in a fitness center locker room located near
Albany. Each showerhead is used an average of 3 times per day. A standard efficiency gas-fired
storage water heater provides domestic hot water to the building. Annual Electric Energy
8.33 1
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐺𝑃𝑀𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑇ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑐 × × × 365
𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑦𝑟

minutes/use = 8.2, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
1157

uses/day = 3, from application

Et,fuel = 0.80, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on hot water heating
from application
𝐻2 𝑂𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 = (1.8 − 1.5) × 0.9 × 8.2 × 3 × 365 = 2424.33
8.33 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 8 × 2424.33 × (105 − 55.4) × × = 10.01 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.8

See Appendix P.


References
Available from:
Normals.
3. NYS 2020 Plumbing Code Table 604.4 Maximum Flow Rates and Consumption for
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSPC2020P1/chapter-6-water-
4. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL): “Potential Water and Energy
Savings from Showerheads”, March 2006.
5. EPA WaterSense® Specification for Showerheads, Version 1.1, July 26, 2018.
products-specification-showerheads-v1-1.pdf
Available from: https://www.energy.ca.gov/rules-and-regulations/appliance-

efficiency-regulations-title-20/appliance-efficiency-proceedings
Available from: https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/New-York-State-
Appliance-and-Equipment-Efficiency-Standards/Current-Standards
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-13-8 6/30/2013
6-15-1 6/1/2015
6-17-10 6/30/2017

HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC)
AIR CONDITIONER AND HEAT PUMP – PACKAGED TERMINAL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency packaged terminal conditioners heat pumps
in commercial applications.
Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner (PTAC)

A wall sleeve and a separate un-encased combination of heating and cooling assemblies specified
by the manufacturer and intended for mounting through the wall. It includes refrigeration
components, separable outdoor louvres, forced ventilation, and heating availability by purchaser’s
choice of, at least, hot water, steam, or electrical resistance heat.
Note: Models designated as “cooling only” units need not include heating elements if the physical
characteristics and arrangement of the refrigeration system are identical to those of models with
heating availability.1158
Packaged Terminal Heat Pump (PTHP)

A separate un-encased refrigeration system installed in a cabinet having a function and
configuration similar to that of a packaged terminal air-conditioner. It uses reverse cycle
refrigeration as its prime heat source and should have other supplementary heat source(s) available
to purchasers with the choice of, at least, hot water, steam, or electric resistance heat.1159,1160
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹]
1158
AHRI Standard 310/380 – 2014.
1159
Ibid.
1160
Replacement unit shall be factory labeled as follows: “MANUFACTURED FOR REPLACEMENT
APPLICATIONS ONLY: NOT TO BE INSTALLED IN NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS.” Replacement
efficiencies apply only to units with existing sleeves less than 16 inches (406 mm) in height and less than 42 inches
(1067 mm) in width.


where:
kBTU/hcooling = Output cooling capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard rating conditions)
kBTU/hheating = Output heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
fuel heating system
EER = Energy efficiency ratio, measurement of cooling capacity for a unit (in BTU/hour)
/ electrical energy used (watts) (at AHRI standard rating conditions)
Effheating = Fossil fuel heating energy efficiency rating of equipment

kBTU/hcooling From application.
kBTU/hheating From application.
FElecCool
If an electric heating system is present, set equal to 1.
FElecHeat
FFuelHeat
EERbaseline
EERee From application.


COPbaseline
From Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline
Effheating,baseline
Efficiencies table below.
EFLHcooling
type and location from Appendix G.
EFLHheating
type and location from Appendix G.
CF 0.8


being installed. The baseline efficiencies are calculated based on rated equipment input capacity
in BTU/h and are defined by International Energy Conservation Code1162 and subsequently
adopted by the Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York State (ECCCNYS) as
shown below. The formulas in the rightmost column shall be used to establish the baseline
efficiency in the units specified (EER or COP).
1161
1162


Size Subcategory
Minimum Efficiency
ECCCNYS1163
(Input) Condition
PTAC (Cooling
All 95°F db
Mode) EER = 14.0 - (0.300 × Cap/1,000)
Standard Size
PTAC (Cooling
Mode) All 95°F db
EER = 10.9 - (0.213 × Cap/1,000)
Nonstandard Size1164
EER = 14.0 - (0.300 × Cap/1,000)
PTHP (Cooling
Mode) All 95°F db
EER = 10.8 - (0.213 × Cap/1,000)
Nonstandard Size
NYS:
PTHP (Heating
All COP = 3.2 – (0.026 × Cap/1,000)
Mode) —
Capacities NYC:
Standard Size
COP = 3.7 – (0.052 × Cap/1,000)
PTHP (Heating
Mode) All
— COP = 2.9 - (0.026 × Cap/1,000)
Nonstandard Size
measure or system, similar to the existing measure or system, that the consumer would have
installed without the influence of the energy efficiency program. The baseline efficiency for
commercial furnaces, boilers, and unit heaters is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York State as
shown below.
1163
calculations.”
1164

Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline Efficiencies1165

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et

The compliance condition is a high efficiency packaged terminal air conditioner or heat pump
system as defined in the Measure Description section above meeting or exceeding an efficiency
rating of 10% better than code, as outlined in the Baseline Efficiencies section.
Operating Hours
unknown, default EFLH by facility type and location can be found in Appendix G.
1165
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C403.3.2(4) and Table C403.3.2(5).


A hotel near Albany replaces twenty existing PTAC units equipped with electric resistance
heating with PTHP replacement units with 12,000 BTU/h cooling, 10,800 BTU/h heating,
EER rating of 12 and a COP rating of 3.4. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹]
units = 20
(kBTU/hcooling)/unit = 12, from application
FElecCool = 1, based on application
EERbaseline = 10.8 – (0.213 x Cap/1,000) = 10.8 – (0.213 x 12,000/1,000) = 8.24
EERbaseline equation from Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies
Cap = 12,000, from application
EFLHcooling = 2,945, from Appendix G based on housing type, building vintage, and location
from application
(kBTU/hheating)/unit = 10.8, from application
FElecHeat = 1, based on application
COPbaseline = 2.9 – (0.026 x Cap/1,000) = 2.9 – (0.026 x 12,000/1,000) = 2.59
COPbaseline equation from Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies
Cap = 12,000, from application
from application
1 1 10.8 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 20 × [(12 × ( − ) × 2,945) + ( ×( − ) × 962)]
8.24 12 3.412 2.59 3.4
= 32,478.48 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 20 × [12 × ( − ) × 0.8] = 7.30 𝑘𝑊
8.24 12


See Appendix P.


References
1. AHRI Standard 310/380 – 2014: Standard for Packaged Terminal Air-Conditioners and
Heat Pumps.
Available from: https://www.scribd.com/document/499371973/AHRI-Standard-310-380-
2014-CSA-C744-14#
Conditioners and Room Air Conditioner Heat Pumps, Table C403.2.3(4): Warm-Air
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
1-17-6 12/31/2016
12-17-14 12/31/2017
2-20-7 2/28/2020

AIR CONDITIONER AND HEAT PUMP - UNITARY & APPLIED

Measure Description
This measure covers installation of high-efficiency unitary air conditioners and unitary and applied
heat pumps in commercial applications including high rise multifamily buildings of four or more
stories 1166 or with an occupied floor located more than 75 feet above the lowest level of fire
department vehicle access1167. The baseline case shall be minimally code compliant equipment of
the same type and capacity as in the efficient case, which shall be sized in accordance with federal,
state, local and municipal codes and standards.
Unitary Air Conditioner

One or more factory-made assemblies, which normally include a cooling coil, an air moving
device, a compressor(s) and condenser combination, and may include a heating function as well.
The functions of commercial and industrial Unitary Air Conditioners, either alone or in
combination with a heating plant, are to provide air circulation, cooling, and dehumidification, and
may include the functions of heating, humidifying, outdoor air ventilation, and air cleaning.1168
Unitary and Applied Heat Pump

One or more factory-made assemblies, which normally include an indoor conditioning coil, an air
moving device, compressor(s), and an outdoor coil(s), including means to provide a heating
function and may or may not include a cooling function. Such equipment may be provided in one
assembly by a single manufacturer (unitary) or separate assemblies designed to be used together
(applied). Commercial and industrial unitary and applied heat pumps shall provide the function of
heating and may include the function of air circulation, air cooling, dehumidifying or humidifying,
outdoor air ventilation, and air cleaning.1169
For Units with Cooling Capacity <65,000 BTU/h
𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 12 12
×[ ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ 1 1
+ ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹𝑒𝑒
1166
ECCCNYS Capter 2 Definitions.
1167
NYBC 2020; Chapter 2 Definitions: High-Rise Building.
1168
AHRI Standard 340/360 – 2015 & AHRI Standard 210/240 with Addenda 1 and 2 – 2012.
1169
Ibid.

𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐼𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐼𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]
where:
kBTU/h = Output heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
SEER = Seasonal energy efficiency ratio in BTU/watt-hour. Total cooling output of an air
conditioner during its normal annual usage period for cooling in BTU, divided
by the total electric energy input during the same period in watt-hours (used only
for units with cooling capacity <65,000 BTU/h).
conditions (used only for units with cooling capacity ≥65,000 BTU/h)1170
electric energy heat pump consumed in watt-hours (used only for units with
cooling capacity <65,000 BTU/h)
standard high-temperature rating conditions) (used only for units with cooling
capacity ≥65,000 BTU/h)
1170
AHRI Standard 340/360 – 2015 & AHRI Standard 210/240 with Addenda 1 and 2 – 2012.



kBTU/h From application.
Lookup from Baseline Efficiencies table below based on
SEERbaseline
equipment type, size category and applicable code.
From application. For equipment rated in SEER2, SEER2
SEERee
HSPFbaseline
From application. For equipment rated in HSPF2, HSPF2
HSPFee
IEERbaseline
IEERee From application.
COPbaseline
EERbaseline
From application. For equipment rated in EER2, EER2 rating
EERee
shall be used.
From application. If unknown, lookup based on building type
EFLHheating
and location from Appendix G.
EFLHcooling
CF 0.8
The SEER is an estimate of the seasonal energy efficiency for an average US city for small units
<65,000 BTU/h cooling output.
The EER is the rated full-load efficiency of the unit. It is used to estimate the efficiency of the
unit under peak summer conditions.
The IEER is a weighted calculation of mechanical cooling efficiencies at full load and part load
AHRI Standard Rating Conditions. Larger units are rated in IEER.
The COP is a ratio of the heating capacity in watts to the power input value in watts at any given
set of AHRI Standard Rating Conditions.

The HSPF is the average space heating system efficiency during the space heating season in
BTU/watt-hour for small units <65,000 BTU/h cooling output.


The baseline condition is defined as minimally code compliant equipment of type, cooling and
heating capacities, and efficiency rating (SEER/SEER2, EER/EER2, HSPF/HSPF2) equivalent to
the efficient case. The baseline efficiencies for unitary air conditioning and unitary and applied
heat pump equipment are specified in the table below, as defined by International Energy
Conservation Code and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation Construction Code of
New York State1172 (ECCCNYS). EER requirements are not specified by state or city code for
equipment with <65,000 BTU/h cooling capacity. For this equipment, baseline EER are
established as follows1173:
𝐸𝐸𝑅 = (1.12 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅) − (0.02 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 2 )
Resultant values from application of this equation to equipment with <65,000 BTU/h cooling
capacity are tabulated in the baseline efficiencies table below.
Federal energy conservation standards1174 effective January 1, 2018 for small, large and very large
package air conditioning and heating equipment are more stringent than NYS and NYC codes.
These cases are denoted with footnotes in the table below.
Unitary Air Conditioners

Size Category Heating
Equipment Subcategory or Baseline
(Cooling Section
Type Rating Condition Efficiency
Capacity) Type
11.2 EER
13.0 SEER
Split System
11.4 EER2
Air conditioners < 65,000 BTU/h 13.4 SEER2
All
(air cooled) (single phase) 11.8 EER
14.0 SEER
Single Package
11.4 EER2
13.4 SEER2
1171
1172
1173
1174
10 CFR 431.97 (Table 3).


(Cooling Section
Capacity) Type
10.6 EER
Through-the- Split System
≤ 30,000 BTU/h 12.0 SEER
wall All
(single phase) 10.6 EER
(air cooled) Single Package
12.0 SEER
Small-duct
< 65,000 BTU/h 9.9 EER
high-velocity All Split System
(single phase) 11.0 SEER
(air cooled)
Electric
≥ 65,000 BTU/h Split System and 11.2 EER
Resistance
and Single Package 12.9 IEER
(or None)
< 135,000
Split System and 11.0 EER
BTU/h1175
All Other Single Package 12.7 IEER
Electric
≥ 135,000 BTU/h Resistance
Single Package 12.4 IEER
and (or None)
< 240,000 BTU/h Split System and 10.8 EER
Air conditioners All Other Single Package 12.2 IEER
(air cooled) Electric
and (or None)
Electric
Resistance
≥ 760,000 BTU/h (or None)
For equipment with ≥65,000 BTU/h and <135,000 BTU/h cooling capacity, IEER values are taken from 10 CFR
1175
431.97 (Table 3).

Unitary and Applied Heat Pumps

(Cooling Section
Capacity) Type
Cooling
11.8 EER
14.0 SEER
Split System
11.9 EER2
Air cooled < 65,000 BTU/h 14.3 SEER2
All
(cooling mode) (single phase) 11.8 EER
14.0 SEER
Single Package
11.4 EER2
13.4 SEER2
10.6 EER
≥ 30,000 BTU/h 12.0 SEER
wall All
12.0 SEER
Single-duct
< 65,000 BTU/h 9.9 EER
(air cooled)
Electric
Resistance
(or None)
< 135,000
BTU/h1176
All other Single Package 12.0 IEER
Electric
Air cooled Single Package 11.6 IEER
and (or None)
(cooling mode)
Electric
Resistance
≥ 240,000 Single Package 10.6 IEER
(or None)
BTU/h1177
1176
431.97 (Table 3).
1177
For equipment with ≥240,000 BTU/h cooling capacity, IEER values are taken from 10 CFR 431.97 (Table 3).

Unitary and Applied Heat Pumps

(Cooling Section
Capacity) Type
Heating
8.2 HSPF
— Split System
Air cooled < 65,000 BTU/h 7.5 HSPF2
(heating mode) (single phase) 8.0 HSPF
— Single Package
6.7 HSPF2
Through-the- — Split System 7.4 HSPF
wall ≥ 30,000 BTU/h
(air cooled, (single phase) — Single Package 7.4 HSPF
heating mode)
Small-duct high
velocity < 65,000 BTU/h
— Split System 6.8 HSPF
(air cooled, (single phase)
heating mode)
47ºF db/43ºF wb
≥ 65,000 BTU/h 3.3 COP
Outdoor Air
and —
17ºF db/15ºF wb
< 135,000 BTU/h 2.25 COP
Air cooled Outdoor Air
(heating mode) 47ºF db/43ºF wb
3.2 COP
Outdoor Air
≥ 135,000 BTU/h —
17ºF db/15ºF wb
2.05 COP
Outdoor Air

The compliance condition is a high efficiency unitary air conditioning or unitary/applied heat
pump system as defined in the Measure Description section. The efficiency of the compliant
equipment must exceed the efficiency of the baseline equipment.
Operating Hours
unknown, default EFLH by facility type and location can be found in Appendix G.

A commercial facility installs a 10 ton air cooled split system air conditioner. The system has a
rated IEER of 13.5 and EER of 11.5. The facility has an estimated cooling EFLH of 500 hours.

𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐼𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐼𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒
(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]

IEERbaseline = 12.0, from Baseline Efficiencies table based on equipment type and size from
application
IEERee = 13.5, from application
EERbaseline = 10.8, from Baseline Efficiencies based on equipment type and size from
application
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × [10 × ( − ) × 500 + 0] = 555.55 𝑘𝑊ℎ
12.0 13.5
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × [10 × ( − ) × 0.8] = 0.541 𝑘𝑊
10.8 11.5

See Appendix P.


References
1. ECCCNYS 2020 Chapter 2: Definitions.
definitions
2. 2020 Building Code of New York State.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSBC2020P1

3. AHRI Standard 340/360, 2015 Standard for Performance Rating of Commercial and
Industrial Unitary Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment.
Available from: https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/AHRI_Standard_340-
360_2015.pdf
4. AHRI Standard 210/240 with Addenda 1 and 2, 2008 Standard for Performance Rating of
Unitary Air-Conditioning & Air Source Heat Pump Equipment, December 2012.
Available from: https://inspectapedia.com/ventilation/ANSI.AHRI-Standard-210.240.pdf
5. C&I Unitary HVAC Load Shape Project Final Report, KEMA, August 2, 2011, Table 0-6
& Table 0-7.
Available from:
nal_August2.pdf
Conditioners and Room Air Conditioner Heat Pumps.
8. 10 CFR 431.97: Energy Efficiency Standards and Their Compliance Dates, Table 3:
Updates to the Minimum Cooling Efficiency Standards for Air Conditioning and Heating
Equipment.
idx?SID=69945fdbe7327d148adc5e11b79bda36&node=se10.3.431_197&rgn=div8
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
1-17-5 12/31/2016
12-17-2 12/31/2017
12-18-5 12/28/2018

BOILER, FURNACE AND UNIT HEATER

Measure Description
This measure covers high-efficiency fossil fuel-fired boilers, furnaces and unit heaters used for
space heating installed in all buildings except low-rise residential (single and multifamily)
applications. The baseline case shall be minimally code compliant equipment of the same type and
capacity as in the efficient case, which shall be sized in accordance with federal, state, local and
municipal codes and standards.
D𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑁/𝐴
D𝑘𝑊 = 𝑁/𝐴
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − 1) ×
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000
where:
kBTU/hin = Fuel Input Rating per unit
Effee = Efficiency of energy efficient condition
Effbaseline = Efficiency of baseline condition

(kBTU/h)in/unit Nameplate input rating of the efficient unit, from application.
Lookup based on equipment type, size and applicable energy
Effbaseline conservation code from the Baseline Efficiency section
below.
EFLHheating

Efficiency is expressed as the ratio of the fuel input relative to the output heating capacity. The
efficiency of furnaces, boilers and unit heaters is customarily evaluated on the basis of one or more
of three standards, namely Thermal Efficiency (Et), Combustion Efficiency, (Ec) and Annual Fuel
Utilization Efficiency (AFUE).
Presently, the AFUE value is only applicable to smaller units (<300 kBTU/h for boilers and <225
kBTU/h for furnaces). For larger units, use thermal and combustion efficiencies referenced on
manufacturer’s nameplate data in accordance with nationally recognized standards and testing
agencies.


The baseline condition is a minimally code compliant system of type and capacity equivalent to
the efficient condition. The baseline efficiency for commercial furnaces, boilers, and unit heaters
is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and subsequently adopted by the Energy
Conservation Construction Code of New York State1178 as shown below.
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
1178

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
Compliance Efficiency From Which Incentives are Calculated

The compliance condition is a fossil fuel-fired boiler, furnace or unit heater used for space heating
as defined in the Measure Description section above. The efficiency of the compliant equipment
must exceed the efficiency of the baseline equipment.
Operating Hours
commercial buildings. Operating hour assumptions for the prototypical building models are
described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for commercial buildings in NY are shown in
Appendix G.

A warm air, gas fired furnace is installed in a small commercial facility located near Albany.
The 120 kBTU/h furnace has a rated efficiency of 92% AFUE. The facility has an estimated
heating EFLH of 1,000 hours. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident
Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − 1) ×

application
EFLHheating = 1,000, from application
0.92 1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 120 × ( − 1) × = 18.0 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000

See Appendix P.



electronically commutated blower motors, which may provide electricity savings. Draft fans, when
present, will increase electricity consumption. These ancillary impacts are not included in the
savings estimation approach detailed above.
References
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-15-7 6/1/2015
1-16-4 12/31/2015
12-17-13 12/31/2017

BOILER AND FURNACE - COMBINATION (“COMBI”) BOILER AND FURNACE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of fossil fuel combination (or “combi”) boilers and furnaces,
which are defined as high-efficiency, instantaneous water heaters with a heating designation.
Combi-boilers are all-in-one high-efficiency space heating systems with integrated capability for
providing instantaneous domestic hot water, while combi-furnaces supply both domestic tankless
hot water and forced air heating. These units realize energy savings through increased thermal
efficiency and by taking cold water straight from the main supply and heating it as needed,
which eliminates the need for a separate hot water storage tank and avoids standby losses.
Qualifying equipment must be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 124-2007 (RA 2016).1179
This measure only applies to systems with modulating/staging capability and no water storage
tank.
This measure only captures the fossil fuel savings impacts of combi-boilers and combi-furnaces.
While electric combi-boilers exist, more investigation and research is required before an
approach for estimating associated energy savings can be developed.

𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
+ × × 8,760]
𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000,000
1179

where:
ΔMMBtuSH = Annual space heating savings associated with installation of a high-efficiency
combi-boiler or combi-furnace
ΔMMBtuDHW = Annual domestic hot water savings associated with installation of a high-
efficiency combi-boiler or combi-furnace
kBTU/hin = Space heating fuel input rating
Eff = Energy efficiency (0-100%)
GPD/unit = Gallons per day of delivered hot water per “combi” unit
ΔTmain = Average difference between the cold inlet temperature and the hot water
delivery temperature (F)
Et = Water heating designation thermal efficiency
UA = Overall heat loss coefficient (BTU/h-F)

Nominal heating input capacity is the nameplate input rating
kBTUhin
of the unit in kBTU/hr, from application.
Effbaseline See Baseline Efficiencies section below.
EFLHheating Lookup based on building type and location in Appendix G.
From application, or lookup/calculate based on building
type, square footage and occupancy from GPD table below.
GPD/unit
If based on values per the table below, divide result by
number of units installed.
Tmain Tset - Tmain point temperature and the supply water temperature in water
main (°F).
Tamb Tset - Tamb point temperature and the surrounding ambient air
temperature (°F).


Water heater set point temperature (°F). From application. If
Tset
unknown use 140°F.1180
city.
Water heating designation thermal efficiency of the baseline
Et,baseline 0.80
condition.1182
UAbaseline 7.85
(BTU/h-°F).1183

column.

Showers
1180
(https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/hospital/hazards/leg/leg.html)
1181
1182
10 CFR 431.110 (a).
1183
coefficient was calculated for a minimally code compliant fuel storage water heater found to be the most typical in
(40 gallon, 40,000 Btu/h assumed). Results of heat loss coefficient evaluation for this assumed baseline is used to
1184
Consumption in Large Buildings, Table WD1. Daily water consumption in large commercial buildings, 2012
1185
1186
1187




City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0


Space Heating Component
The baseline condition for the space heating component of combi-boilers and combi-furnaces
shall be consistent with code requirements for commercial fossil fuel-fired furnaces and boilers
defined by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and subsequently adopted by the Energy
Conservation Construction Code of New York State. The table below establishes the prescribed
baseline efficiency values for combi-furnaces and combi-boilers by input capacity. For combi-
furnaces < 225 kBTU/h, selection of efficiency rating (AFUE or Et) should align with the rating
specification of the qualifying equipment.
1188
1189
1190

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Warm Air Furnace, Gas < 225 kBTU/h 0.80 AFUE or 0.80 Et
Warm Air Furnace, Oil < 225 kBTU/h 0.83 AFUE or 0.80 Et
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
Domestic Hot Water Component

The baseline condition is a standard efficiency storage type water heater with a thermal
efficiency of 80%1191 and heat loss coefficient of 7.85 BTU/hr-°F.1192

The compliance condition is a combi-boiler unit with a heating designation efficiency of 90%
1191
10 CFR 431.110 (a).
1192
coefficient was calculated for a minimally code compliant gas storage water heater found to be the most typical in
(40 gallon, 40,000 Btu/h assumed). Results of heat loss coefficient evaluation for this assumed baseline is used to

AFUE, Et or Ec or greater or a combi-furnace unit with a heating designation efficiency of 92%

AFUE or Et or greater. Qualifying systems must be equipped with modulating/staging capability
and no water storage tank. Units shall be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 124-2007 (RA
2016).1193
Operating Hours
Appendix G.
Domestic hot water heaters are assumed to be available for operation 8,760 hours per year, and it
is assumed standby losses in the baseline case are incurred 8,760 hours per year.

A “combi” boiler with 199 kBTU/h and 95% AFUE is installed in a small office building located
near Albany. The conditions prior to installation include a gas-fired warm air furnace and gas-
fired storage type water heater. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident
Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.

𝐺𝑃𝐷/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
+ × × 8,760]
𝐸𝑡,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000,000

(kBTU/hin)/unit = 199, from application
application
EFLHheating = 747, from Appendix G based on HVAC system, building type, and location from
application
GPD/unit = 110, from Gallons per Day table based on building type from application
∆Tmain = Tset – Tmain = 140 – 55.4 = 84.6
1193

application
Et,baseline = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆Tamb = Tset – Tamb = 140 – 70 = 70
0.95 747
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑆𝐻 = 1 × 199 × ( − 1) × = 27.87 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 1
110 × 365 × 8.33 × 84.6 1 1
×[ ×( − )
1,000,000 0.8 0.95
7.85 70
+ × × 8,760] = 11.60 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.8 1,000,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 27.87 + 11.60 = 39.47 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.


electronically commutated blower motors, which may provide electricity savings. Draft fans,
when present, will increase electricity consumption.
References
1. ASHRAE Standard 124-2007 (RA 2016) – Methods of Testing for Rating
Combination Space-Heating and Water-Heating Appliances (ANSI Approved).
se10.3.431_1110
Temperature.

=div9
Available from:
%20SNOPR.pdf
June 2011.
version-2
9. Food Service Technology Center, Design Guide – Energy Efficient Heating, Delivery
and Use, Table 1. Typical hot water system cost for restaurants, March 2010.
Available from: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.515.6885
Normals.
New-York-State
Record of Revision
3-19-12 3/29/2019


BOILER ECONOMIZER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of a boiler economizer. Also known as stack economizers and
feedwater economizers, boiler economizers are designed to recover heat from hot flue gases.
Recovered heat is used to pre-heat boiler feedwater, reducing heating requirements. Condensing
and conventional economizers are the two principal types of boiler economizers. Conventional, or
non-condensing economizers are typically air-to-water heat exchangers and operate above the dew
point of the flue gas to avoid condensation.1194 Condensing economizers are designed to allow
condensing of the exhaust gas components and reduce the flue gas temperature below its dew
point. Condensing economizers recapture latent heat, resulting in improved effectiveness of waste
heat recovery.1195 This measure is applicable to the installation of condensing and non-condensing
economizers on boilers serving space heating loads and process loads and is restricted to non-
condensing, forced draft burner boilers.
𝐸𝑆𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 )/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 ×
1,000
where:
(𝑇𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 – 𝑇𝑒𝑒 )
𝐸𝑆𝐹 = × 𝑇𝑅𝐸
40
where:
(kBTU/hin)/unit = Fuel input rating per boiler, based on nameplate data
ESF = Energy Savings Factor1196
hrs = System full load operating hours (see Summary of Variables and Data
Sources for details)
1194
US DOE, Improving Steam System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Second Edition.
1195
US DOE, Steam Tip Sheet #26B, Considerations When Selecting a Condensing Economizer.
1196
US DOE, Steam Tip Sheet #3, Use Feedwater Economizers for Waste Heat Recovery.


T = Full-fire boiler flue gas temperature as it exits the stack, in ºF
TRE = Temperature Reduction Efficiency; percentage efficiency increases for stack
temperature reduction, per 40ºF reduction in net stack temperature
40 = Stepped reduction in net stack temperature, in ºF
1,000 = Conversion factor, one MMBTU equals to 1,000 kBTU

Nominal heating input capacity is the nameplate input rating of
(kBTU/hin)/unit
the unit in kBTU/h, from application.
From application. If unknown, use a default of 420ºF for hot
Tbaseline
water boilers and 500ºF for steam boilers.1197
From application. If unknown, lookup from the Compliance
Tee
Efficiency section below based on boiler and economizer.
TRE From application. If unknown, use default of 0.01.1198
For space heating boilers, use EFLHheating, lookup based on
hrs building type and location in Appendix G. For process loads,
input value from application.


The baseline condition is a non-condensing, forced draft burner boiler serving space heating or
process loads without a stack economizer.

The compliance condition is a non-condensing, forced draft burner boiler serving space heating
or process loads with a non-condensing or condensing stack economizer.
1197
Assumes hot water boiler efficiency of 82% and steam boiler efficiency of 80% based on ECCCNYS 2020,
Table C403.3.2(5).
1198
US DOE, Steam Tip Sheet #3, Use Feedwater Economizers for Waste Heat Recovery.

Energy Efficient Boiler Flue Gas Temperature (Tee)

Equipment Type Conventional
Condensing Economizer1201,1202
Economizer1199,1200
Hot Water Boiler 335°F 247.5°F
Steam Boiler 375°F 287.5°F
Operating Hours
For boilers serving space heating loads, equipment heating and cooling equivalent full load hours
shall be taken from the application. If unknown, default EFLH by facility type and location can be
found in Appendix G.
For boilers serving process loads, operating hours shall come from application.

A 23,500 MBh firetube steam boiler at a hospital near Albany is equipped with a stack
economizer, reducing the flue gas temperature from 480ºF to 315ºF. The heating EFLH of the
facility is estimated at 2,500 hours. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
𝐸𝑆𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 )/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 ×
1,000

(kBTU/hin)/unit = 23,500, from application
ESF = ((Tbaseline – Tee) / 40) x TRE = (480 – 315) / 40) x 0.01 = 0.04125
ESF equation from where section of algorithms
Tbaseline from application
Tee from application
TRE = 0.01, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
0.04125 × 2,500
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 23,500 × = 2,423.44 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000

See Appendix P.
1199
As cited in U.S. DOE, Steam Tip Sheet #26A, Consider Installing a Condensing Economizer, the minimum
stack temperature for a non-condensing economizer is 250°F. The average temperature drop is assumed to be
halfway between the baseline and efficient temperature minimum: (420°F + 250°F) / 2 = 335°F
1200
Ibid, the minimum stack temperature for a non-condensing economizer is 250°F: (500°F + 250°F) / 2 = 375°F
1201
Ibid, the minimum stack temperature for a condensing economizer is 75°F: (420°F + 75°F) / 2 = 247.5°F
1202
Ibid, the minimum stack temperature for a condensing economizer is 75°F: (500°F + 75°F) / 2 = 287.5°F



References
1. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Improving Steam
System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Second Edition. October 2012.
2. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Steam Tip Sheet
#26A, Consider Installing a Condensing Economizer. January 2012.
Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/05/f16/steam26a_condensing.pdf
#26B, Considerations when Selecting a Condensing Economizer. January 2012.
Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/05/f16/steam26b_condensing.pdf
#3, Use Feedwater Economizers for Waste Heat Recovery. January 2012.
Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/05/f16/steam3_recovery.pdf
5. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.3.2(5): Minimum Efficiency Requirements: Gas- And Oil-
Fired Boilers & Table C404.2: Minimum Performance of Water Heating Equipment.
Record of Revision
12-20-8 12/31/2020

CHILLER - AIR AND WATER COOLED

Measure Description
This measure applies to constant and variable speed electric air-cooled and water-cooled chillers
in commercial buildings with built-up HVAC systems.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × (𝐼𝑃𝐿𝑉𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐼𝑃𝐿𝑉𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × (𝐹𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐹𝐿𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per unit, based on nameplate data
IPLV = Integrated part-load value (in kW/Ton)
FL = Full-load chiller efficiency under peak conditions

tons From application
Full-load efficiency of baseline chiller under peak conditions,
lookup based on chiller type and size from Baseline
FLbaseline Efficiencies tables below. Use Path A values for constant speed
chillers and Path B values for variable speed chillers (based on
proposed case).
Full-load efficiency of energy efficiency chiller, from
FLee
application.


Integrated part-load value (kW/ton) of baseline chiller, lookup
based on chiller type and size from Baseline Efficiencies tables
IPLVbaseline
below. Use Path A values for constant speed chillers and Path
B values for variable speed chillers (based on proposed case).
Integrated part-load value (kW/ton) for energy efficient
IPLVee
measure, from application.
Cooling equivalent full-load hours, lookup by city, building
EFLHcooling
type and HVAC type from Appendix G.
CF 0.8
The rated full-load kW/ton (FL) at AHRI rating conditions is used to define the efficiency under
peak conditions. The IPLV as defined by AHRI is used to define the annual average efficiency.
Note, chiller full-load efficiency or IPLV may also be expressed as coefficient of performance
(COP). To convert chiller efficiency from COP to kW/ton, use the following equation:
kW/ton = 3.517 / COP.


The baseline full load and IPLV kW/Ton values listed in the tables below, per the 2020 Energy
Conservation Construction Code of New York State1204 and shall be used. Path A values shall be
used for proposed constant speed chillers and Path B values for proposed variable speed chillers.
Path A – Constant Speed Chillers

ECCCNYS ECCCNYS
Maximum Maximum
Equipment Type Size Category
Full Load IPLV
(kW/Ton) (kW/Ton)
< 150 Tons 1.188 0.876
Air-Cooled Chillers
≥ 150 Tons 1.188 0.857
< 75 Tons 0.750 0.600
≥ 75 Tons and < 150 Tons 0.720 0.560
Water-Cooled, Positive
≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons 0.660 0.540
Displacement
≥ 300 Tons and < 600 Tons 0.610 0.520
≥ 600 Tons 0.560 0.500
< 150 Tons 0.610 0.550
≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons 0.610 0.550
Water Cooled,
≥ 300 Tons and < 400 Tons 0.560 0.520
Centrifugal
≥ 400 Tons and < 600 Tons 0.560 0.500
≥ 600 Tons 0.560 0.500
1203
1204

Path B – Variable Speed Chillers

ECCCNYS ECCCNYS
Maximum Maximum
Equipment Type Size Category
Full Load IPLV
(kW/Ton) (kW/Ton)
< 150 Tons 1.237 0.759
Air-Cooled Chillers
≥ 150 Tons 1.237 0.745
< 75 Tons 0.780 0.500
≥ 75 Tons and < 150 Tons 0.750 0.490
Water-Cooled, Positive
≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons 0.680 0.440
Displacement
≥ 300 Tons and < 600 Tons 0.625 0.410
≥ 600 Tons 0.585 0.380
< 150 Tons 0.695 0.440
≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons 0.635 0.400
Water Cooled,
≥ 300 Tons and < 400 Tons 0.595 0.390
Centrifugal
≥ 400 Tons and < 600 Tons 0.585 0.380
≥ 600 Tons 0.585 0.380

Compliance condition is a constant or variable speed electric air-cooled or water-cooled chiller
which exceeds the baseline efficiency.
Operating Hours
Cooling equivalent full-load hours (EFLH) were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of
prototypical large office building. The prototype building characteristics are described in
Appendix A. The EFLHcooling for built-up HVAC systems in commercial buildings by climate zone
and building type are shown in Appendix G.

Two 300-ton variable speed water-cooled centrifugal chillers are installed in a new
construction hotel building located near Albany. The chillers have rated IPLV efficiency of
0.350 kW/ton and full load efficiency of 0.520 kW/ton. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × (𝐼𝑃𝐿𝑉𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐼𝑃𝐿𝑉𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × (𝐹𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐹𝐿𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐶𝐹

IPLVbaseline = 0.390, from Baseline Efficiencies section tables based on chiller type and size
from application
IPLVee = 0.350, from application

EFLHcooling = 2,702, from Appendix G based on building type and location from application
FLbaseline = 0.595, from Baseline Efficiencies section tables based on chiller type and size from
application
FLee = 0.520, from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 2 × 300 × (0.390 − 0.350) × 2,702 = 64,848 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 2 × 300 × (0.595 − 0.520) × 0.8 = 36.0 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
1. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.3.2(7): Water Chilling Packages – Efficiency
Requirements.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
9-17-3 9/30/2017

CHILLER - COOLING T OWER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of close approach cooling towers applied to water-cooled
chillers used for space cooling. Electric consumption and summer peak coincident demand savings
are achieved through the installation of an over-sized cooling tower designed to provide an
approach of ≤ 6°F at standard rating conditions. This measure addresses approach temperature
only, which is defined as the difference between the cold water temperature (cooling tower outlet)
and ambient wet bulb temperature. Changes in condenser water set point control strategies are not
included.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑡𝑜𝑛)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝑡𝑜𝑛) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
tons = Size of cooling system (in tons) being retrofitted with a close approach tower
(ΔkWh/ton) = Annual electric energy savings per ton of cooling
(ΔkW/ton) = Electric demand savings per ton of cooling

tons From application
Annual electric energy savings per ton of cooling system
(ΔkWh/ton) retrofitted with close approach tower. Look up in Appendix J
based on building type, HVAC type and location.
Electric demand savings per ton of cooling system retrofitted with
(ΔkW/ton) close approach tower. Look up in Appendix J based on building
type, HVAC type and location.
CF 0.8

Unit energy savings were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of commercial buildings with
built-up HVAC systems. The prototype building characteristics are described in Appendix A. The
unit energy savings by building type across different cities in NY are shown in Appendix J.


The baseline condition is a standard cooling tower with a 10F approach temperature under
standard rating conditions.

The compliance condition is a close approach cooling tower with a 6F approach temperature
under standard rating conditions.
Operating Hours
The HVAC system operating hours vary by building type. Operating hour assumptions for the
prototypical building models are described in Appendix A.

A close approach cooling tower is installed to remove heat from a 300-ton chiller plant serving
a dormitory building located near Albany. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑡𝑜𝑛)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝑡𝑜𝑛) × 𝐶𝐹

Tons = 300, from application
(ΔkWh/ton) = 6.7, from Appendix J based on building type and location from application
(ΔkW/ton) = 0.003, from Appendix J based on building type and location from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 300 × 6.7 = 2,010 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 300 × 0.003 × 0.9𝑘𝑊
1205


See Appendix P.


References
N/A
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
12-17-12 12/31/2017

DUCT SEALING AND INSULATION

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of sealing and insulation of the space heating and air
conditioning distribution system (including air handlers, filter boxes and building cavities used as
ducts before code change) in the unconditioned spaces of commercial facilities. Duct sealing and
insulation reduces air and thermal leakage into unconditioned and outdoor spaces, improving
system efficiency. Sealing and insulation installed under this measure shall meet or exceed all
applicable construction code requirements. This measure is only applicable in existing buildings.
This excludes gut rehab projects, which shall be considered new construction. Only ductwork
located outside of the thermal envelope is eligible for energy savings.
This measure is to be implemented with a visual inspection and an outdoor duct leakage test on
the distribution system pre- and post-implementation.
For AC and HP Units with Capacity <65,000 BTU/h
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
1 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
+ [𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
For AC and HP Units with Capacity ≥65,000 BTU/h
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
+[ × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
For Electric Furnaces
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑘𝑊𝑖𝑛 × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
For AC and HP Units
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝐸𝑅 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒

For Fossil Fuel-Fired Furnaces
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
where:
kBTU/hout = Output heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
kWin = Input heating capacity in kW
kBTU/hin = Input heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)
TRF = Thermal Regain Factor
SEER = Seasonal energy efficiency ratio in BTU/watt-hour. Total cooling output of an air
conditioner during its normal annual usage period for cooling in BTU, divided
by the total electric energy input during the same period in watt-hours
conditions
Effdist = Distribution system efficiency



kWin From application.
TRFcooling See table in the Thermal Regain Factor section below.
TRFheating See table in the Thermal Regain Factor section below.
Actual equipment nameplate SEER. For equipment rated in
SEER
IEER Actual equipment nameplate IEER.
Actual equipment nameplate EER. For equipment rated in
EER
EER2, EER2 rating shall be used.
Actual equipment nameplate HSPF. For equipment rated in
HSPF
COP Actual equipment nameplate COP.
From application. If unknown, look up based on building type,
EFLHheating
vintage and location from Appendix G.
EFLHcooling
vintage and location from Appendix G.
Look up in Appendix H for uninsulated duct system based on
Effdist,cooling,baseline
building type, location and duct leakage in cooling mode.
Look up in Appendix H for uninsulated duct system based on
Effdist,heating,baseline
building type, location and duct leakage in heating mode.
Look up in Appendix H for R-6 insulated duct system based on
Effdist,cooling,ee
building type, location and duct leakage in cooling mode.
Look up in Appendix H for R-6 insulated duct system based on
Effdist,heating,ee
building type, location and duct leakage in heating mode.
CF 0.8
Thermal Regain Factor1206

Some energy loss from poorly sealed and insulated ducts can be regained through conduction
back into conditioned spaces. The table below lists default thermal regain factors depending on
the location of the ductwork.

Attic 0.10 0.10
Garage 0.10 0.10
Crawl space, unvented, uninsulated 0.60 0.60
Crawl Space, Unvented, Insulated Building Floor and
0.60 0.30
Crawl Space walls
Crawl Space, Unvented, Insulated Floor Only 0.30 0.30
Crawl Space, Vented, Uninsulated 0.60 0.55
Crawl Space, Insulated Building Floor and Crawl
0.63 0.60
Space Walls
Crawl Space, Vented, Insulated Floor Only 0.30 0.30
1206
Home Energy Saver & Score: Engineering Documentation, Thermal Distribution Efficiency.


Basement, Uninsulated 0.50 0.50
Basement, Insulated Walls 0.60 0.60
Under-slab 0.20 0.20


The baseline condition is a ducted HVAC system with insufficient sealing and insulation that has
undergone duct leakage testing. Look up baseline uninsulated distribution system efficiency from
Appendix H based on building type, location and duct total leakage.

The compliance condition is a sealed and insulated duct system in a commercial building that has
undergone post-implementation duct leakage testing. A duct leakage test is turned on to pressurize
the duct system to 25 Pascals (the standardized pressure differential used as a baseline for a
commercial duct leakage test). The results are reported as “cfm @ 25 Pascals (0.1 inches w.g.)”.
The post-installation case must comply with all provisions of enforced codes and standards
including, but not limited to ECCCNYS and NYSMC 20201208. Supply and return air ducts and
plenums located in unconditioned spaces shall be insulated with a minimum of R-6 insulation.
Where located outside the building, ducts and plenums shall be insulated with a minimum of R-8
insulation in Climate Zone 4 and with a minimum of R-12 in Climate Zones 5 and 6.1209
Look up compliance distribution system efficiency from Appendix H based on building type,
location and duct total leakage from duct leakage test. Models for HVAC distribution efficiency
with R-8 and R-12 insulation are currently under development; values associated with R-6 shall
be used until data is available.
Operating Hours
prototypical commercial buildings. Operating hour assumptions for the prototypical building
models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for residential buildings in NY are shown
in Appendix G.

Duct sealing rated at R-6 is installed on 15 feet of a 6” diameter duct system of a vented crawl
space under an insulated floor in a full service restaurant located near Albany. A duct-blaster
1207
1208
NYSMC 2020, C6 Duct Systems.
1209
ECCCNYS 2020, C403.2.9.

test conducted prior to implementation indicates total duct leakage of 25%, and follow up
duct-blaster test conducted post implementation indicates a total duct leakage of 15%. The
building has a 15-ton central AC system with 15 IEER and 12 EER and a 350 kBTU/h gas
furnace with 82% efficiency. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident
Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below. Because
electric heating is not present, terms related to electric heating impacts are represented with
“N/A”.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − )
× (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
+[ × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − )
× (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )]
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × × (1 − ) × (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ) × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝐸𝑅 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − )
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔,𝑒𝑒
× (1 − 𝑇𝑅𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
tons = 15, from application

IEER = 15, from application
EFLHcooling = 437, from Appendix G based on building type, building vintage, and location
from application
Eff dist,cooling,baseline = 0.818, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
Eff dist,cooling,ee = 0.955, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
TRFcooling = 0.3, from on Thermal Regain Factor based on insulation location
EFLHheating = 1,502, from Appendix G based on building type, building vintage, and location
from application
Eff dist,heating,baseline = 0.753, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
Eff dist,heating,ee = 0.866, from Appendix H based on duct-blaster test leakage and location
TRFheating = 0.3, from on Thermal Regain Factor based on insulation location
12 0.818
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [15 × × 437 × (1 − ) × (1 − 0.3)] + 0 = 526.60 𝑘𝑊ℎ
15 0.955

12 0.818
∆𝑘𝑊 = 15 × × (1 − ) × (1 − 0.3) × 0.8 = 1.205 𝑘𝑊
12 0.955
350 0.753
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 1,502 × (1 − ) × (1 − 0.3) = 48.02 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000 0.866

See Appendix P.


References
1. Home Energy Saver & Score: Engineering Documentation, Thermal Distribution
Efficiency. Available from: http://hes-documentation.lbl.gov/calculation-
methodology/calculation-of-energy-consumption/heating-and-cooling-
calculation/thermal-distribution-efficiency/thermal-distribution-efficiency
2. NYSMC 2020 C6 Duct Systems.
Available from: https://up.codes/viewer/new_york/ny-mechanical-code-
2020/chapter/6/duct-systems#6
3. ECCCNYS 2020 C403.2.9: Duct and Plenum Insulation and Sealing.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
9-18-13 9/28/2018

ECONOMIZER - DUAL E NTHALPY AIR SIDE

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of dual enthalpy control air-side economizers integrated into
a central air handling system on packaged rooftop units. Air-side economizers reduce mechanical
cooling requirements by supplying outside air to the space when the outside air meets conditions
deemed suitable for cooling. Dual enthalpy control, often called differential enthalpy control,
augments this functionality by measuring sensible and latent heat of both the outside air and return
air, using dampers to supply the conditioning section of the air handler with the lowest enthalpy
air supply. This measure applies to retrofit scenarios for small commercial applications only. This
measure also only applies in cases where economizers are not required by federal, state, local or
municipal codes or standards.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑡𝑜𝑛)
where:
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per unit, based on nameplate data
(ΔkWh/ton) = Annual electric energy savings per ton of cooling

tons/unit From application
(ΔkWh/ton)
the Air Side Economizer table in Appendix J.
Unit energy savings were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of a series of prototypical small
commercial buildings. The prototype building characteristics are described in Appendix A. The
unit energy savings by building type and city are shown in Appendix J.



The baseline condition is a packaged rooftop unit with no economizer installed.

The compliance condition is a packaged rooftop unit with dual enthalpy economizer installed and
commissioned to ensure proper operation.
Operating Hours
HVAC system operating hours are embedded into the deemed savings shown in Appendix J and

A dual enthalpy air side economizer is installed on a 15-ton packaged RTU system in a
qualifying full service restaurant located near Albany. Summer Peak Coincident Demand
Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy

(ΔkWh/ton) = 38, from Appendix J based on building type and location from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 15 × 38 = 570 𝑘𝑊ℎ

See Appendix P.



References
N/A
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
3-18-3 3/29/2018

ELECTRONICALLY COMMUTATED (EC) MOTOR - HVAC BLOWER FAN

Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of a HVAC circulation (blower) fan motor with an
electronically commutated motor (EC motor) in a commercial building. The baseline condition for
this measure is assumed to be a single-speed, permanent-split capacitor (PSC) motor. EC motors
provide increased efficiency over PSC motors by controlling speed and torque, providing both
efficiency and reliability.
This measure addresses the specific application of EC motors rated to one horsepower (HP) or less
in a replacement scenario of a direct-drive circulation fan motor in an HVAC air distribution
system. This measure is not applicable to exhaust fan motors.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
(𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
(𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
where:
ΔkWhcooling = Annual electric energy savings during the cooling season
ΔkWhheating = Annual electric energy savings during the heating season
Wbaseline = Baseline PSC motor wattage
hrscooling = System operating hours during the cooling season

hrsheating = System operating hours during the heating season


Wbaseline From application.
ESFheating 0.23 US Department of Energy.1210
ESFcooling 0.38 US Department of Energy.1211
LF 0.9 US Department of Energy.1212
From application. If unknown, see operating hours section
hrscooling
below.
From application. If unknown, see operating hours section
hrsheating
below.
HVACc consumption (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC type
weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
HVACd summer peak hour (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC
type weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
HVACff consumption (MMBtu/kWh). Vintage and HVAC type
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is a standard efficiency, single-speed PSC motor in a direct-drive HVAC
circulation (blower) fan application. Baseline wattage shall be derived from the nameplate rating
of the existing motor.
1210
US DOE, Evaluation of Retrofit Variable-Speed Furnace Fan Motors, January 2014, Section 4: Discussion, pg.
23.
1211
Ibid.
1212
Used to reflect that motors do not typically run at 100% of rated power.
1213

The compliance condition is an EC motor as described in the Measure Description section above
in a direct-drive HVAC circulation (blower) fan application.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall be taken from application. If the cooling and heating operating hours are
unknown and the circulation fan operates on the same schedule as the HVAC system, look up
hrscooling for savings during the cooling season and hrsheating for savings during the heating season
from Appendix G. If the operating hours are unknown and the circulation fan operates on the same
schedule as the facility, look up hours by building type from the table below.
Hours Hours
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Auto Relateda 2,810 Manufacturing Facility 2,857
Automotive / Transportation Service
8,760 Medical Offices 3,748
or Repair Facility (24/7)
Bakery 2,854 Motion Picture Theatre 1,954
Banks 3,748 Multi-Family (Common Areas) 7,665
Church 1,955 Museum 3,748
College– Cafeteriab 2,713 Nursing Homes 5,840
b
College – Classes 2,586 Office (General Office Types) 3,013
College - Dormitory 3,066 Parking Garages 4,368
Commercial Condosc 3,100 Parking Garages (24/7) 7,717
Convenience Stores 6,376 Parking Lots 4,100
Convention Center 1,954 Penitentiary 5,477
Court House 3,748 Performing Arts Theatre 2,586
Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisure 4,182 Police / Fire Stations (24 Hr) 7,665
Dining: Cafeteria / Fast Food 6,456 Post Office 3,748
Dining: Family 4,182 Pump Stations 1,949
Entertainment 1,952 Refrigerated Warehouse 2,602
Exercise Center 5,836 Religious Building 1,955
Fast Food Restaurants 6,376 Restaurants 4,182
Fire Station (Unmanned) 1,953 Retail 3,463
Food Stores 4,055 School / University 2,187
Gymnasium 2,586 Schools (Jr./Sr. High) 2,187
Schools
Hospitals 7,674 2,187
Schools
Hospitals / Health Care 7,666 2,187
Industrial - 1 Shift 2,857 Small Services 3,750
Industrial - 2 Shift 4,730 Sports Arena 1,954
Industrial - 3 Shift 6,631 Town Hall 3,748
Laundromats 4,056 Transportation 6,456
Library 3,748 Warehouse (Not Refrigerated) 2,602
Light Manufacturersb 2,613 Waste Water Treatment Plant 6,631
Lodging (Hotels/Motels) 3,064 Workshop 3,750

Hours Hours
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Mall Concourse 4,833
a
"Retail" for lighting operating hours.
b
Lighting operating hours data from the 2008 California DEER Update study.
c
Lighting operating hours data for offices used.

An EC blower fan motor is installed in a full service restaurant located near Albany, replacing
a 500W PSC fan motor. The building has electric air conditioning and gas fired heating. The
blower fan operates approximately 4,200 hours per year. Annual Electric Energy Savings,
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × (1 − 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐿𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000

HVACc = 0.070, from Appendix D based on building type and location from application
HVACd = 0.200, from Appendix D based on building type and location from application
HVACff = - 0.004, from Appendix D based on building type and location from application
(500 × 0.38)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 1 × × 0.9 × 4,200 × (1 + 0.070) = 768.47 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0 + 768.47 = 768.47 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(500 × 0.38)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × 0.9 × (1 + 0.2) × 0.8 = 0.164 𝑘𝑊
1,000
(500 × 0.23)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × × 0.9 × 4,200 × (−0.004) = −1.74 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000
See Appendix P.

HVAC circulation fan EC motors generate less heat during operation, resulting in decreased
cooling loads and increased heating loads. These effects are captured in the prescribed
methodology detailed above. The HVAC interaction factors calculated from the prototypical
building DOE-2 models as a function of the building and HVAC system type are shown in
Appendix D.

HVAC circulation fan EC motors generate less heat during operation, resulting in decreased
cooling loads and increased heating loads. These effects are captured in the prescribed
methodology detailed above. The HVAC interaction factors calculated from the prototypical
building DOE-2 models as a function of the building and HVAC system type are shown in
Appendix D.
Improved fan impeller design in the efficient case may contribute to additional efficiency gains;
these impacts are not considered in the prescribed methodology at this time.
References
1. US DOE, Evaluation of Retrofit Variable-Speed Furnace Fan Motors, R. Aldrich and J.
Williamson, Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings, January 2014.
Available from:
http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc864348/m2/1/high_res_d/1122310.pdf
2. NIDEC Motor Corporation, Residential and Commercial HVACR Standard Motor
Catalog, 2015.
Available from: http://acim.nidec.com/motors/usmotors/-
/media/usmotors/documents/catalogs/hvacr/hvacr400.ashx?la=en
Record of Revision
1-16-14 12/31/2015
6-18-13 6/26/2018


ELECTRONICALLY COMMUTATED (EC) MOTOR – HYDRONIC CIRCULATOR PUMPS

Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of standard efficiency permanent split capacitor (PSC) motor
circulator pumps with electronically commutated (EC) motor circulator pumps in HVAC hydronic
and DHW systems, excluding Ground Source Heat Pump ground loops. This measure is not
applicable to systems used in industrial processes. A circulator pump is a specific type of pump
used to circulate liquids in a closed distribution system. They are commonly found circulating
water in a hydronic heating or cooling system.
Circulator pumps used in hydronic and DHW systems are typically electrically powered
centrifugal pumps. For residential-rated equipment installed in commercial applications, use the
residential measure entitled “Electronically Commutated (EC) Motor – Hydronic Circulator
Pumps”.
This measure comprises two methods for estimating energy savings associated with circulator
pump replacement. The primary method relies on Hydraulic Institute listed Energy Rating (ER)
and Weighted Average Input Power (WAIP) values. 1214 Because Hydraulic Institute Program
Guidelines are not a mandated rating standard, an alternative method dependent on manufacturer
published pump curves is provided.
Hydraulic Institute Rated Circulators
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐻𝑊
𝐸𝑅 × 𝑊𝐴𝐼𝑃 × 7.46
1,000
𝐸𝑅 × 𝑊𝐴𝐼𝑃 × 7.46
1,000
𝐸𝑅 × 𝑊𝐴𝐼𝑃 × 7.46
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝐷𝐻𝑊
1,000
1214
Hydraulic Institute ER and WAIP ratings are established in accordance with HI 41.5-2021 Program Guidelines
and can be used to directly estimate ECM circulator power savings relative to a standard efficiency circulator. HI
41.5 2021 is available from: https://estore.pumps.org/mobile/Program-Guideline-for-Circulator-Pump-Energy-
Rating-Program-HI-415-2021-P3334.aspx

Alternative Method
1,000
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝐷𝐻𝑊
1,000
Note: Calculate the hhp to use the table of wattages:
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑85% × 𝑄85%
ℎℎ𝑝85% =
3,960
where:
ΔkWhcooling = Annual electric energy savings attributable to hydronic cooling system
ΔkWhheating = Annual electric energy savings attributable to hydronic heating system
ΔkWhDHW = Annual electric energy savings attributable to DHW system
ER = Energy Rating, from Hydraulic Institute Energy Rating label
WAIP = Weighted Average Input Power, from Hydraulic Institute Energy Rating label
hrscooling = Relevant system operating hours during the cooling season
hrsheating = Relevant system operating hours during the heating season

hrsDHW = Relevant DHW system operating hours

hhp85% = Hydraulic horsepower at 85% of shutoff head
Head85% = Pump head (ft) at 85% of shutoff head, from pump curve
Q85% = Flow (gpm) at 85% of shutoff head, from pump curve
1,000 = Conversion factor (W/kW), 1,000 watts equals one kW
7.46 = Conversion factor, from Hydraulic Institute
3,960 = Conversion from flow rate in gpm and pump head in ft to hhp

ER
WAIP
From application.
Continuous Heating: Continuous heating based on Assessment of New

5,256 Energy Efficient Circulator Pump Technology.1215
Continuous Cooling:
2,208 Continuous cooling assumes three months (92 days) of
On/Off Control Heating: 24-hour operation.
hrs
From Application
On/Off Control Cooling: On/Off control heating and cooling from application.
From Application If unknown, lookup based on location and facility type
DHW: From application in Operating Hours section below.
DHW from application. If unknown, lookup based on

facility type in Operating Hours section below.
hydraulic horsepower. Interpolation based on
hydraulic horsepower of the data in the table is
Wbaseline acceptable for circulator motor hhp not provided.
Application hhp shall be calculated based on pump
curve at 85% of shutoff head (ft) and corresponding
flowrate (GPM).
Wee hydraulic horsepower. Interpolation based on
hydraulic horsepower of the data in the table is
1215
Assessment of New Energy Efficient Circulator Pump Technology, pg. 3-11. Assumed circulator pump is
utilized 60% of the year (0.60*8,760 = 5,256).


acceptable for circulator motor hhp not provided.
Application hhp shall be calculated based on pump
curve at 85% of shutoff head (ft) and corresponding
flowrate (GPM).
Head85% From application, based on pump curve.
Q85% From application, based on pump curve.
Heating: N/A
Continuous Cooling: 1.0
CF On/Off Control Cooling:
0.8
DHW: N/A
Baseline and Efficient Circulator Wattages1216

Approximate PSC Circulator
EC Circulator hhp Wbaseline Wee
Equivalent Rated hp
0.002 1/40 60 15
0.009 1/40 77 29
0.016 1/25 96 40
0.023 1/25 124 53
0.030 1/12 132 58
0.097 1/6 269 138
0.099 1/6 282 145
0.57 1 962 555

The prescribed coincidence factor for continuous or on/off control heating is N/A.
The prescribed coincidence factor for continuous cooling is 1.0 and on/off control cooling is
0.8.1217
The prescribed coincidence factor for DHW is N/A.1218

The baseline condition is a circulator pump operating with a standard permanent split-capacitor
(PSC) motor in a commercial or industrial heating, cooling and/or DHW system. Where ECM
circulator is not rated by Hydraulic Institute, lookup baseline wattage from Baseline and Efficient
Circulator Wattages table above.
1216
Working Group Presentation: Circulator Pumps Appliance Standards and Rulemaking Federal Advisory
Committee (ASRAC) Working Group, Ninth Meeting; Analysis Pre-meeting. Baseline and energy efficient case
wattages are projected based on the engineering analysis presented by the working group. Wattage was calculated
based on flow and head (Slides 56-59) and wire-to-water efficiency (67-74) of 8 representative unit groupings of
motors based on hydraulic horsepower taken at four BEP loads at 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%. The efficiencies of
Single Speed Induction (EL 0) was applied as the baseline case and Single Speed ECM was applied as the energy
efficient case (EL2). The four BEP wattages were averaged (Slide 4) to determine a resultant wattage.
1217
1218


The compliance condition is a hydronic circulator pump operating with a high efficiency EC motor
in a commercial or industrial heating, cooling and/or DHW system. Where ECM circulator is not
rated by Hydraulic Institute, lookup compliance case wattage from Baseline and Efficient
Circulator Wattages table above. High efficiency circulators may include better impeller design
that will increase kWh savings, but these benefits are not considered in the prescribed savings
estimation methodology.
Operating Hours
Annual circulator operating hours in a continuous operation hydronic heating system are assumed
to be 5,256, based on assumed 60% utilization of circulator pump.
Annual circulator operating hours in a continuous operation hydronic cooling system are assumed
to be 2,208, based on assumed 25% utilization of circulator pump.
On/Off control heating or cooling system operating hours shall come from application. If
unknown, lookup in the table below based on location and facility type. Default HVAC system
load hours were developed from NOAA hourly normals by assuming a 65ºF balance point
temperature and summing dry bulb hours above the balance point for HVAC cooling and below
the balance point for HVAC heating during building operating hours 1219 Operating hour
assumptions for facility types are described in Appendix A.
Facility/System
Type
Assembly
Cooling Hours
1,489 1,169 1,394 1,334 1,671 1,636 1,471
Assembly
Heating Hours
3,170 3,487 3,271 3,324 2,998 3,024 3,190
Auto Repair
1,435 1,169 1,332 1,304 1,576 1,574 1,419
Cooling Hours
Auto Repair
Heating Hours
2,867 3,122 2,980 3,005 2,737 2,731 2,887
Big Box Retail
Cooling Hours
1,362 1,134 1,246 1,240 1,465 1,488 1,342
Big Box Retail
Heating Hours
2,585 2,805 2,706 2,713 2,488 2,461 2,607
Community
College 1,019 792 972 915 1,167 1,128 1,015
Cooling Hours
Community
College 2,205 2,434 2,257 2,305 2,063 2,096 2,210
Heating Hours
Dormitory
Cooling Hours
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Dormitory
Heating Hours
6,587 7,214 6,727 7,138 5,920 6,481 6,671
1219

Facility/System
Type
Elementary
School 925 712 890 829 1,074 1,023 923
Cooling Hours
Elementary
School 2,032 2,251 2,075 2,129 1,890 1,935 2,038
Heating Hours
Fast Food
Restaurant 1,685 1,303 1,572 1,448 2,052 1,823 1,644
Cooling Hours
Fast Food
Restaurant 4,396 4,793 4,497 4,652 4,048 4,261 4,437
Heating Hours
Full-Service
Restaurant 1,690 1,346 1,554 1,440 1,892 1,812 1,649
Cooling Hours
Full-Service
Restaurant 3,685 4,003 3,827 3,923 3,492 3,564 3,724
Heating Hours
Grocery
Cooling Hours
1,601 1,243 1,499 1,401 1,946 1,739 1,565
Grocery
Heating Hours
4,121 4,499 4,215 4,344 3,796 3,984 4,157
High School
Cooling Hours
1,019 792 972 915 1,167 1,128 1,015
High School
2,205 2,434 2,257 2,305 2,063 2,096 2,210
Heating Hours
Hospital
Cooling Hours
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Hospital
Heating Hours
6,587 7,214 6,727 7,138 5,920 6,481 6,671
Hotel
Cooling Hours
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Hotel
Heating Hours
6,587 7,214 6,727 7,138 5,920 6,481 6,671
Large Office
918 745 870 839 1,033 1,014 917
Cooling Hours
Large Office
Heating Hours
1,847 2,018 1,902 1,931 1,740 1,753 1,851
Large Retail
Cooling Hours
1,483 1,206 1,376 1,333 1,636 1,611 1,462
Large Retail
Heating Hours
3,021 3,290 3,140 3,180 2,882 2,897 3,047
Light Industrial
Cooling Hours
977 745 941 865 1,256 1,084 968
Light Industrial
Heating Hours
2,697 2,957 2,726 2,831 2,437 2,593 2,710
Motel
Cooling Hours
1,937 1,367 1,793 1,470 2,684 2,054 1,845
Motel
Heating Hours
6,587 7,214 6,727 7,138 5,920 6,481 6,671
Religious
856 729 783 788 914 937 843
Cooling Hours

Facility/System
Type
Religious
Heating Hours
1,500 1,633 1,580 1,573 1,448 1,420 1,517
Small Office
Cooling Hours
800 643 767 730 916 883 804
Small Office
Heating Hours
1,658 1,810 1,696 1,732 1,550 1,577 1,656
Small Retail
Cooling Hours
1,428 1,185 1,305 1,285 1,543 1,543 1,401
Small Retail
Heating Hours
2,773 3,009 2,902 2,923 2,667 2,660 2,801
University
Cooling Hours
1,310 1,027 1,226 1,162 1,475 1,426 1,292
University
2,833 3,116 2,922 2,982 2,677 2,718 2,855
Heating Hours
Warehouse
Cooling Hours
815 621 786 721 988 903 805
Warehouse
Heating Hours
1,977 2,193 2,017 2,090 1,821 1,895 1,990
DHW circulator operating hours shall come from application. If unknown, lookup in the table
below based on facility type. Operating hour assumptions for the prototypical building models are
described in Appendix A.
Hours
Facility Type
(hrs/yr)
Auto Repair 4,368
Big Box Retail 4,004
Community College 3,276
Dormitory 8,760
Elementary School 3,016
Fast Food Restaurant 6,188
Full-Service Restaurant 5,460
Grocery 5,824
High School 3,276
Hospital 8,760
Hotel 8,760
Large Office 2,808
Large Retail 4,576
Light Industrial 3,120
Motel 8,760
Religious 2,392
Small Office 2,808
Small Retail 4,264
University 4,212
Warehouse 2,860


A PSC circulator pump motor in a hydronic heating system is replaced with an EC motor with
a Hydraulic institute Rating of 155 ER and 0.070 WAIP. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑁/𝐴
𝐸𝑅 × 𝑊𝐴𝐼𝑃 × 7.46
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐻𝑊 = 𝑁/𝐴

ER = 155, from application
WAIP = 0.070, from application
hrs = 5,256, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
155 × 0.070 × 7.46

∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 1 × ( ) × 5,256 = 425.42 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 0 + 425.42 + 0 = 425.42 𝑘𝑊ℎ

See Appendix P.

Higher efficiency circulators may lead to increased fossil fuel consumption in fossil fuel heated
buildings. Reduction in waste heat from increased efficiency in motors results in additional heating
requirement. Reduction in waste heat from increased efficiency in motors also results in a reduced
cooling requirement. These effects are not quantified in this methodology.

Higher efficiency circulators may lead to increased electric consumption in electrically heated
buildings. Reduction in waste heat from increased efficiency in motors results in additional heating
requirement. Reduction in waste heat from increased efficiency in motors also results in a reduced
cooling requirement. These effects are not quantified in this methodology.

References
1. Hydraulic Institute Energy Rating.
Available from: https://er.pumps.org/ratings/home
2. Hydraulic Institute, Program Guideline for Circulator Pump Energy Rating Program (HI
41.5-2021).
Available from: https://estore.pumps.org/mobile/Program-Guideline-for-Circulator-
Pump-Energy-Rating-Program-HI-415-2021-P3334.aspx
3. HPAC Magazine, Siegenthaler, John, “Higher efficiency circulators are here to stay”,
May 2017.
Available from: https://www.hpacmag.com/features/high-efficiency-circulators-
brushless-dc-motors/#
4. DOE, High Performance Circulator Pump Demonstration, September 2018.
5. Assessment of New Energy Efficient Circulator Pump Technology, Electric Power
Research Institute, November 2010.
Available from:
https://publicdownload.epri.com/PublicDownload.svc/product=000000000001020132/ty
pe=Product
6. Working Group Presentation: Circulator Pumps Appliance Standards and Rulemaking
Federal Advisory Committee (ASRAC) Working Group, Ninth Meeting; Analysis Pre-
meeting, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office, November 7, 2016.
Record of Revision
12-19-13 12/23/2019
3-22-8 4/29/2022

ENERGY AND HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATOR

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) and Heat Recovery
Ventilator (HRV) equipment. ERVs and HRVs reduce heating and cooling loads while
maintaining required ventilation rates by facilitating heat transfer between outgoing conditioned
air and incoming outdoor air. ERVs and HRVs employ air-to-air heat exchangers to recover energy
from exhaust air for the purpose of pre-conditioning outdoor air prior to supplying the conditioned
air to the space, either directly or as part of an air-conditioning system.1220 This measure only
applies in cases where ERV/HRV functionality is not required by federal, state, local or municipal
codes or standards. For the purposes of this measure, ERVs and HRVs are distinguished as follows:
Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV)

Transfers both sensible (heat content) and latent (moisture content) heat between supply and
exhaust airstreams.
Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV)

Transfers sensible heat only between supply and exhaust airstreams.
(for ERVs)


𝐶𝐹𝑀 ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑊𝑓𝑎𝑛,𝑒𝑒

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × )−( )] × 24 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
1,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 24 1,000
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 𝐶𝐹
1220
AHRI GUIDELINE V (I-P)-2011 Calculating the Efficiency of Energy Recovery Ventilation and its Effect on
Efficiency and Sizing of Building HVAC Systems.


(for HRVs)
1.08 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝐶𝐷𝐷 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑥,𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦 × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙
1.08 × 𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝐻𝐷𝐷 × 24 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑥,𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠 ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦

∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
1,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 24

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × )−( )] × 24 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 𝐶𝐹

where:
baseline = Property of the baseline or existing condition
ee = Property of the efficient condition
fan = Property of system fan
CFM = Maximum rated CFM of the proposed ERV/HRV
h/lb)

Effhx,total = Total Effectiveness of heat exchanger rated in accordance with AHRI Standard
10601221 or Total Recovery Efficiency rated in accordance with HVI 9201222
Effhx,sens = Sensible Effectiveness of heat exchanger rated in accordance with AHRI
Standard 10601223 or Sensible Recovery Efficiency rated in accordance with
HVI 9201224
electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour); if equipment efficiency is
reported in COP, convert to HSPF using the equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412
hrs/day = Average daily run time, in hours, when ERV/HRV is in recovery mode
FElecCool = Electric cooling factor, used to account for the presence or absence of a central
heating system
fuel heating system
Efffan,baseline = Base case exhaust fan efficiency (CFM/W)
Wfan,ee = Total rated wattage of ERV/HRV fans
HDD = Heating Degree Days. The number of degrees that a day's average temperature
which buildings need to be heated. The baseline temperature is typically 65°F, but
CDD = Cooling Degree Days. The number of degrees that a day's average temperature
which buildings need to be cooled. The baseline temperature is typically 65°F, but
days = Days per year of facility operation
EFLHcooling = Equivalent full-load cooling hours
1.08 = Specific heat of air × density of inlet air @ 70°F × 60 min/hr1225 in BTU/h-ºF-
CFM
24 = Hours in a day
1221
Equipment.
1222
HVI Publication 920 Product Performance Certification Procedure Including Verification and Challenge.
1223
Equipment.
1224
1225

8,760 = Hours in a year


Lookup from Derivation of H Values using Bin
ΔH
Analysis table below based on location.
Effhx,total From application.
Effhx,sens From application.
EffElecCool nameplate rating metric of existing equipment. For
equipment rated in SEER2, SEER2 rating shall be used.
equipment is rated in COP, convert to HSPF using the
EffElecHeat
equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412. For equipment rated
in HSPF2, HSPF2 rating shall be used. For electric
resistance heat, use HSPF = 3.412.
From application, Ec, Et, or AFUE shall be used, based
EffFuelHeat
hrs/day From application.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building has a central electric
FElecCool
cooling system. Otherwise, use 0.0.
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise use 0.0.
Efffan,baseline From application.
Wfan,ee From application.
HDD
CDD
Cooling equivalent full-load hours, lookup by city,
EFLHcooling
building type and HVAC type from Appendix G.
CF 0.80
Derivation of H Values using Bin Analysis

To account for the full benefits of an ERV transferring sensible and latent heat between supply
and exhaust airstreams, it is necessary to establish the aggregate enthalpy difference between
outside air and return air (i.e., desired indoor air conditions) across the entire cooling season. To
accomplish this, a bin analysis was conducted for each standard weather city to determine the

number of hours the outside air dry bulb temperature fell within each 5F bin and the average air
enthalpy within each temperature bin. The results were then input into the below algorithm:
𝛥𝐻 = ∑(𝐻𝑂𝐴 − 𝐻𝑅𝐴 ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑖𝑛
where:
h/lb)
HOA = Average enthalpy at the outdoor air dry bulb temperature bin (per the Outdoor
Air Temperature & Enthalpy table below)
HRA = Enthalpy of the return air (assumed constant 25.3 Btu/lb based on 70F and
50% RH indoor air conditions).
hrsbin = Hours during which the outdoor air dry bulb temperature fell within the bin
range (per the Bin Hours table below)
The resultant ΔH values for each standard weather city are presented in the table below.
City ΔH
Albany 7,656
Binghamton 3,973
Buffalo 6,793
Massena 5,165
NYC 14,315
Poughkeepsie 9,599
Syracuse 7,296
Outdoor Air Temperature & Enthalpy1226

Outdoor air dry bulb temperature bins and corresponding average enthalpy by city across a typical
climatological year is presented in the table below.
DB
Temperature
Range (°F)
95 to 100 97.5 24.30 24.26 24.26 24.26 24.26 24.26 24.26
90 to 95 92.5 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06 23.06
85 to 90 87.5 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86 21.86
80 to 85 82.5 20.66 20.66 20.66 20.66 33.96 32.91 32.59
75 to 80 77.5 30.88 30.24 30.56 30.69 32.24 30.99 30.84
70 to 75 72.5 28.75 28.65 28.88 28.72 30.54 29.07 28.73
65 to 70 67.5 27.06 26.70 27.08 26.67 27.22 27.27 27.19
60 to 65 62.5 24.27 24.79 24.33 24.82 23.80 24.42 24.53
55 to 60 57.5 21.07 21.60 21.31 21.74 20.81 21.29 21.35
50 to 55 52.5 18.56 18.82 18.76 18.99 18.32 18.72 18.80
45 to 50 47.5 16.28 16.50 16.47 12.88 15.98 16.28 16.52
40 to 45 42.5 14.19 14.36 14.40 14.45 13.90 14.24 14.40
35 to 40 37.5 12.25 12.37 12.50 12.52 11.92 12.14 12.47
1226

DB
Temperature
Range (°F)
30 to 35 32.5 10.37 10.59 10.66 10.68 10.33 10.35 10.55
25 to 30 27.5 8.73 8.85 8.95 8.83 8.85 8.85 8.88
20 to 25 22.5 7.19 7.31 7.43 7.19 6.23 7.32 7.31
15 to 20 17.5 5.77 5.90 5.03 5.68 5.03 5.03 5.90
10 to 15 12.5 3.83 3.83 3.83 4.23 3.83 3.83 3.83
5 to 10 7.5 2.63 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.64
0 to 5 2.5 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43
-5 to 0 -2.5 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
-10 to -5 -7.5 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97 -0.97
-15 to -10 -12.5 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17 -2.17
-20 to -15 -17.5 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37 -3.37
-25 to -20 -22.5 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57 -4.57
-30 to -25 -27.5 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77 -5.77
-35 to -30 -32.5 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97 -6.97
-40 to -35 -37.5 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18 -8.18
Bin Hours1227
Number of hours the outdoor air dry bulb temperature falls within each bin range by city across a
typical climatological year is presented in the table below.
DB Mid-
Range (°F) (°F)
95 to 100 97.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
90 to 95 92.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
85 to 90 87.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
80 to 85 82.5 124 0 0 0 246 394 42
75 to 80 77.5 556 195 520 483 698 489 619
70 to 75 72.5 608 574 678 489 1115 578 561
65 to 70 67.5 884 776 916 649 780 832 866
60 to 65 62.5 865 1071 859 959 717 876 893
55 to 60 57.5 659 735 622 714 707 663 648
50 to 55 52.5 624 648 645 615 735 636 623
45 to 50 47.5 617 636 635 584 746 667 630
40 to 45 42.5 621 626 652 582 882 643 626
35 to 40 37.5 675 670 715 550 1197 811 700
30 to 35 32.5 822 730 819 619 858 963 762
25 to 30 27.5 1056 1157 1246 571 79 839 1139
20 to 25 22.5 608 878 453 886 0 369 650
15 to 20 17.5 41 64 0 731 0 0 1
10 to 15 12.5 0 0 0 328 0 0 0

1227
Ibid.
1228


The baseline condition for this measure is a building with an ASHRAE 62.2-compliant exhaust
fan system with no heat or energy recovery.

The compliance condition for this measure is a building with an ASHRAE 62.2-compliant
exhaust fan system equipped with AHRI 1060 or HVI 920 certified ERV or HRV components.
Operating Hours
Operating hours per day shall come from application based on actual operating schedule of the
ERV/HRV.
Default HDD and CDD are presented in the table below for use in this methodology.

City HDD CDD
Albany 6,391 721
Buffalo 6,502 607
Massena 8,030 406
NYC 4,900 1,017
Syracuse 6,625 618

An ERV delivering 5,000 CFM is installed in a light industrial building in Binghamton that
runs 16 hours per day for 330 days per year. The ERV has an existing fan system of 75%
efficiency that consumes 50 watts of power. The ERV has a sensible effectiveness of 65% and
total effectiveness of 63%. The building is cooled by a central air conditioner with 15 SEER
and heated by an 80% thermal efficient gas fired hot water boiler.



∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × )−( )] × 24 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
1229

𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 𝐶𝐹


CFM = 5,000, from application
Effhx,total = 0.65, from application
EffElecHeat = 0.80, from application
Effhx,sens = 0.65, from application
Efffan,baseline = 0.75, from application
EffElecHeat = N/A, from application
Wfan,ee = 50 W, from application
hrs/day = 16 hours, from application
days = 330 days, from application
HDD = 7,200, from Heating and Cooling Degree Days table
EFLHcooling = 444 hours, from Appendix G based on building type, city and HVAC type
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × (2,503 + 0 + 34,804) = 37,307 𝑘𝑊ℎ
4.5 × 5,000 × 3,973 × 0.63 16

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × × 1 = 2,503 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 × 15 24
5,000 16 50
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = [( × )−( )] × 24 × 330 = 34,804𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 × 0.75 24 1,000
34,804 2,503
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = ( + ) × 0.8 = 7.68𝑘𝑊
8,760 444
1.08 × 5,000 × 7,200 × 0.65

𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 16 × 1 = 505.44 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 × 0.80

See Appendix P.



Employing ERVs in the winter may exchange latent heat decreasing the need to run a humidifier,
but the impact is expected to be negligible and is not quantified in the prescribed estimation
methodology for this measure at this time.
References
div8
3. AHRI GUIDELINE V (I-P)-2011 Calculating the Efficiency of Energy Recovery
Ventilation and its Effect on Efficiency and Sizing of Building HVAC Systems.
Available from: https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/AHRI_Guideline_V_I-
P_2011.pdf
4. AHRI Standard 1060 (I-P), 2018 Standard for Performance Rating of Air-to-Air
Exchangers for Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment.
Available from: https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/AHRI_Standard_1060_I-
P_2018_0.pdf
5. HVI Publication 920 Product Performance Certification Procedure Including Verification
and Challenge, February 2020.
Available from: hvi.org/hviorg/document-
server/?cfp=hviorg/assets/file/public/publications/920_2020_clarification02152022.pdf
Pumps.
8. International Energy Conservation Code 2018, table R403.6.1 Whole dwelling
mechanical ventilation system efficacy.
energy-efficiency

Record of Revision
7-20-12 7/31/2020
6-22-11 9/2/2022
3-23-15 3/31/2023
6-23-11 7/14/2023

HEAT PUMP – AIR SOURCE (CCASHP)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of cold climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP) systems1230
with total rated heating capacity less than 300,000 BTU/h that provide heating and cooling for
space conditioning in commercial applications, including high rise multifamily buildings of four
or more stories1231 or with an occupied floor located more than 75 feet above the lowest level of
fire department vehicle access.1232 An air source heat pump is a product, other than a packaged
terminal heat pump or single package vertical heat pump, which is powered by single phase
electricity, air cooled, not contained within the same cabinet as a furnace that is rated above
225,000 BTU/h, and operates as a heat pump in both heating and cooling mode. This measure
applies to central ducted systems, single zone split-systems with ductless indoor units that may be
wall-mounted, floor-mounted, or ceiling-mounted and multi-zone split systems with one outdoor
section and multiple indoor sections. These indoor sections may be a combination of ductless or
compact ducted units.
ASHP installation:
• NYS code and Federal Standard (ECCCNYS 2020, Code of Federal Regulations 10 CFR
430.32, 431.77, 431.87) or local legislation applicable at the time of installation should be
referenced for correct baseline system and efficiency values.
• Building heating and cooling loads shall be calculated, and systems shall be sized, in
accordance with applicable federal, state, local and municipal codes and standards.
• When the building peak heating load for a small commercial building in New York State
exceeds the peak cooling load, it is assumed that the ASHP runs at part-load during peak
cooling hours. For installation scenarios where the building load is cooling dominant a
custom analysis is required.
The ASHP efficiency must meet the Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) Cold
Climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP) Specification (Version 4.0) effective January 1, 2023.
The specification uses AHRI-certified performance ratings and manufacturer reported data to
describe the efficiency and capacity of the unit under full and part load conditions. This equipment
is rated under ANSI/AHRI 210/240.
1230
NEEP Cold Climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP) Specification (Version 4.0) effective January 1, 2023
1231
NYSERDA, Mid- and High-Rise Multifamily Buildings.
1232
NYSBC 2020; Chapter 2 Definitions: High-Rise Building.

1 1 1
1 1
1,000 3.412
1 1 1
1,000,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
FElecHeat,new = New electric heating factor; used to account for a new heat pump’s reliance
on supplemental electric resistance heat to meet full heating load
Eff = Efficiency rating of fossil fuel heating equipment

Fload,cooling = Adjustment factor to account for the portion of the seasonal1233 cooling load
Fload,heating = Adjustment factor to account for the portion of the seasonal1234 heating load
Fctrl = Factor to modify heating load fraction when optional control features are
used.

FElecHeat
If the efficient case heat pump system relies on newly installed
FElecHeat,new supplemental electric resistance heat capacity to meet the peak
load, set equal to 1. Otherwise, set equal to 0.
FFuelHeat
SEERbaseline
EERbaseline
Electric cooling full load energy efficiency rating of efficient
EERee equipment. See Compliance Efficiency section below for
details.
details.
equipment. The assumed COP of an electric resistance/electric
COPseason,baseline
furnace system is 1.0. If the baseline is a conventional
ASHP1235, use the baseline calculations below.
details.
Fossil fuel energy efficiency of the baseline equipment. See
Effbaseline
1233
Fraction of annual (vs. design) cooling load served by the equipment as shown in the Cooling Load Factor table.
1234
Fraction of annual (vs. design) heating load served by the equipment as shown in the Heating Load Factor table.
1235
In this context, “conventional ASHP” is defined as a minimally code-compliant non-NEEP listed ASHP with
efficiency ratings as indicated in the Baseline Efficiencies section below.


BEFLHcooling
BEFLHheating
Fload,cooling
the Cooling Load Factor table below.
Fload,heating
the Heating Load Factor table below.
Lookup based on optional control features Control Factor table
Fctrl
(equals 1 for default control)
CF 0.80


An ASHP system can be considered a normal replacement scenario for electric resistance heating
1236


kBTU/h)
and <65 kBTU/h)
14.0 11.8 N/A
Conditioner
14.0 11.8 8.2
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.0 11.8 8.2
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 14.0 11.8 8.0
kBTU/h)
The baseline efficiency for commercial fossil fuel fired heating systems is defined by International
Energy Conservation Code 1239 and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation
Commercial Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline Efficiencies

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 61240
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
1237
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
1238
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
1239
1240

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 61240
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
3.412
where:
Albany 0.70 0.67
Buffalo 0.73 0.70
Massena 0.59 0.56
NYC 0.80 0.78
Syracuse 0.69 0.66

For scenarios where the baseline cooling system is a conventional ASHP, climate adjustment
factors for cooling efficiency are not provided. Differences between SEER rating conditions and
typical operating conditions in New York State and cooling load are anticipated to have negligible
impact on predicted savings.

ASHPs are rated under ANSI/AHRI 210/240. Cold climate ASHPs must meet the Northeast
Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) Cold Climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP)
Specification (Version 4.0) effective January 1, 2023. The specification uses AHRI-certified
performance ratings and manufacturer reported data to describe the efficiency and capacity of the
unit under full and part load condition.
The average seasonal heating efficiency for an ASHP with a variable speed compressor is
calculated as:
1
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 × 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 ×
3.412
The average seasonal cooling efficiency for a ccASHP with a variable speed compressor is
calculated as:
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = 𝑐 + 𝑑 × 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅
where:
a&b = Offset and slope coefficients from Tables below for heating (select based on
city and scenario)
c&d = Offset and slope coefficients from Tables below for cooling (select based on
city and scenario)
HSPF = Rated Heating Season Performance Factor from AHRI or derived based on
SEER = Rated Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio from AHRI or derived based on
Note that the cooling efficiency adjustments are quite large for some ASHP units (mini-splits)
but much smaller for central ducted ASHP units. For the baseline conventional ASHP we assume
that no adjustment to SEER is required. Appendix F in the ASHP White Paper explains why
some ASHP units require a cooling efficiency adjustment while others do not.


a&b determine seasonal heating efficiency (COPseason,ee) from HSPF. Depends
c&d determine seasonal cooling efficiency (EERseason,ee) from SEER. Depends
Rated heating season performance factor from AHRI or derived based on
HSPF
Rated seasonal energy efficiency ratio from AHRI or derived based on
SEER
Efficiency Conversion
For equipment with seasonal heating and cooling efficiency ratings in HSPF2 and SEER2 per
AHRI, respectively, efficiency ratings shall be converted to HSPF and SEER as follows:
𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹 = 𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹2/𝐹𝐻𝑆𝑃𝐹2
𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅 = 𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅2/𝐹𝑆𝐸𝐸𝑅2
Where FHSPF2 and FSEER2 are established based on equipment type per the table below.1241

Ductless System1242 0.90 1.00
Centrally Ducted Split System1243 0.85 0.95
Centrally Ducted Single Packaged System 0.84 0.95
The scenarios shown in the first column of the Whole Building and Displacement Scenarios table
below represent various specific applications of heat pumps, with heat pump type, sizing, and
control strategy shown. These scenarios may be considered “sub-measures” of this measure1244.
Assigning applicable scenario(s) to program participants or participant groups is the responsibility
of program designers and implementers. For reference, the control strategies listed in the Whole
Building and Displacement Scenarios table below are defined as follows:
• Separate: The ASHP and backup heating system are on separate thermostats and there is
no effort to lock out the heat pump at cold temperatures when the backup system is running.
1241
Conversion factors developed by AHRI and adopted by RESNET, as published in Draft PDS-02 MINHERS®
Addendum 71f, SEER/HSPF2 Conversions, RESNET, January 2023
1242
Applies to all scenarios labeled 2 and 3 (i.e., 2a – 2h and 3a – 3c) in the Whole Building and Displacement
1243
Applies to all scenarios labeled 1 and 4 (i.e., 1a – 1d and 4a – 4d) in the Whole Building and Displacement
1244
Detailed descriptions of these scenarios and their parameters are found in the white paper Savings Calculations
for Residential Air Source Heat Pumps: The Basis for Modifying EFLH and Seasonal Efficiency Factors for
“Whole House” and “Displacement” Applications, Tables 2 and 3, and the associated narrative.

• Integrated: The ASHP and backup heating system are on the same thermostat. The backup
heater can modulate (or cycle ON and OFF) to meet the load without limiting the ASHP
from delivering its maximum capacity. Also called “Droop” control in the Clean Heat
Program.
The Separate and Integrated control options in the table only apply to the Part Load or
Displacement scenarios. The impact of optional control features for Whole Building or Full Load
are accounted for by the control factor (Fctrl) in the table below. “Single-zone ductless” means the
equipment is single-zone (1-to-1 indoor to outdoor units). There may be multiple single-zone
systems to achieve the HP sizing shown. When multiple HPs are used, the capacity-weighted rated
efficiencies (HSPF, SEER, and EER) for the installed units need to be determined. For both cooling
and heating efficiencies, use the rated cooling capacity at 95°F for each unit to find the weighted
average for HSPF, SEER and EER.
Whole Building and Displacement Scenarios

HP Sizing
Parameter
1a – 1c Central, Whole or 0.9

Central ASHP (see Fctrl table)
Ducted Full Load
1d 1.0
2a 0.3
2b Separate 0.5
2c Displace or 0.7
Ductless Mini-Spilt sized
2d Single-Zone Part Load 0.3
at 30%, 50%, 70% and
2e Ductless Integrated 0.5
90/100%
2f 0.7
2g Whole or 0.9
(see Fctrl table)
2h Full Load 1.0
Displace or
3a Separate 0.7
Ductless Multi-Split sized Multi-Zone Part Load
3b to 70% and 90/100% Ductless Whole or 0.9
(see Fctrl table)
3c Full Load 1.0
4a Displace or 0.5
Compact Ducted Mini- Single-Zone Separate
4b Part Load 0.7
Split sized to 50% ,70% Compact
4c Whole or 0.9
and 90/100% Ducted (see Fctrl table)
4d Full Load 1.0
The HP Sizing Parameter should be determined using the maximum heating capacity at 17F
(QH17,max) for projects best represented by the New York City climate zone and maximum heating
capacity at 5°F from the NEEP Cold Climate Heat Pump List (QH5,max) otherwise. BHL is the
design heating load for the building:
HP Sizing Parameter = (QH17,max or QH5,max) / BHL
The HP Sizing Parameter corresponds to the rightmost column in the Whole Building and
Displacement Scenarios table above. Choose an appropriate scenario, then use the coefficients
from the tables below to determine the seasonal efficiencies and load factors. When the HP Sizing
Parameter falls between the values in the column, use the scenario with the lower value.

Note that the HP Sizing Parameter is a factor of convenience for use in this section. It is not
necessarily the same as the Actual Sizing Ratio that the participating installers must determine to
comply with code and satisfy any requirements established for full load sizing.
Actual HP Sizing = QH @ Tdes / BHL ≠ HP Sizing Parameter
Coefficients for Seasonal Heating Efficiency: COP season,ee = a + b × HSPF/3.412

a b a b a b a b a b a b a b
1a
1b -0.010 0.880 0.113 0.854 0.219 0.842 -0.185 0.838 0.817 0.781 0.333 0.796 0.124 0.860
1c
1d -0.117 0.902 -0.003 0.879 0.081 0.876 -0.259 0.847 0.876 0.760 0.237 0.815 -0.007 0.890
2a 2.552 0.197 2.532 0.202 2.645 0.181 2.304 0.204 2.631 0.255 2.620 0.177 2.565 0.195
2b 2.351 0.256 2.419 0.243 2.644 0.188 2.011 0.290 2.401 0.329 2.470 0.228 2.500 0.217
2c 2.441 0.228 2.480 0.224 2.619 0.198 2.358 0.203 2.366 0.342 2.459 0.239 2.550 0.206
2d 2.615 0.113 2.637 0.113 2.702 0.108 2.312 0.150 3.002 0.105 2.725 0.104 2.655 0.107
2e 2.574 0.125 2.601 0.124 2.647 0.122 2.335 0.143 2.946 0.122 2.654 0.119 2.631 0.116
2f 2.458 0.160 2.493 0.155 2.546 0.153 2.322 0.145 2.888 0.141 2.588 0.135 2.513 0.154
2g 2.351 0.172 2.382 0.169 2.440 0.161 2.125 0.178 2.836 0.134 2.424 0.162 2.415 0.163
2h 2.336 0.179 2.386 0.169 2.422 0.168 2.030 0.205 2.814 0.146 2.372 0.177 2.414 0.168
3a -3.334 1.993 -3.307 1.991 -3.485 2.065 -2.938 1.810 -3.593 2.178 -3.093 1.929 -3.339 2.006
3b -2.683 1.735 -2.637 1.728 -2.720 1.770 -2.004 1.446 -2.914 1.913 -2.306 1.624 -2.710 1.757
3c -2.823 1.775 -2.783 1.769 -2.832 1.800 -1.991 1.436 -3.094 1.966 -2.395 1.645 -2.861 1.800
4a -0.333 1.141 -0.305 1.138 -0.251 1.137 -0.852 1.263 0.282 1.070 -0.407 1.194 -0.308 1.140
4b -0.402 1.155 -0.393 1.160 -0.300 1.147 -0.865 1.261 0.316 1.041 -0.390 1.175 -0.385 1.160
4c -0.166 1.004 -0.019 0.963 0.018 0.961 -0.234 0.972 0.432 0.924 0.121 0.926 -0.006 0.962
4d -0.240 1.024 -0.102 0.983 0.027 0.950 -0.321 0.993 0.369 0.940 0.110 0.920 -0.127 1.001

c d c d c d c d c d c d c d
1a
1b -0.540 0.961 0.920 0.914 -1.370 1.035 -0.390 0.936 2.910 0.786 -0.510 0.965 -0.810 0.988
1c
1d -0.460 0.946 -0.140 0.966 -1.670 1.041 -0.210 0.916 1.520 0.859 -0.590 0.961 -0.890 0.982
2a 12.330 0.118 11.950 0.116 12.240 0.130 12.360 0.135 11.070 0.165 12.100 0.111 12.180 0.123
2b 11.440 0.208 12.210 0.146 11.010 0.229 10.330 0.273 10.080 0.277 12.130 0.167 11.330 0.210
2c 9.810 0.306 10.940 0.232 9.590 0.302 9.160 0.321 9.440 0.323 10.310 0.282 9.740 0.308
2d 12.330 0.118 11.950 0.116 12.240 0.130 12.360 0.135 11.070 0.165 12.100 0.111 12.180 0.123
2e 11.440 0.208 12.210 0.146 11.010 0.229 10.330 0.273 10.080 0.277 12.130 0.167 11.330 0.210
2f 9.810 0.306 10.940 0.232 9.590 0.302 9.160 0.321 9.440 0.323 10.310 0.282 9.740 0.308
2g 9.400 0.314 9.950 0.300 8.130 0.366 8.500 0.351 8.670 0.353 9.080 0.328 9.080 0.327
2h 8.890 0.336 9.440 0.313 7.960 0.375 8.160 0.364 8.510 0.361 9.130 0.327 9.020 0.332
3a 17.760 -0.189 6.680 0.454 10.960 0.199 18.580 -0.218 11.600 0.196 16.240 -0.105 14.460 -0.008
3b 14.530 0.035 14.100 0.009 15.660 -0.060 11.420 0.204 16.950 -0.122 18.500 -0.205 17.260 -0.147
3c 10.850 0.255 17.070 -0.164 14.630 0.017 13.740 0.066 18.850 -0.246 15.270 -0.009 14.140 0.052
4a -12.940 1.478 -12.220 1.433 -11.550 1.396 -13.560 1.520 -9.590 1.290 -12.690 1.456 -12.770 1.473
4b -14.160 1.556 -13.060 1.493 -3.400 0.957 -14.370 1.569 -11.850 1.424 -14.010 1.547 -4.690 1.038
4c -14.370 1.566 -4.310 1.019 -9.600 1.300 -14.650 1.576 -14.290 1.563 -14.680 1.586 -8.450 1.246
4d -14.440 1.566 -4.690 1.041 -10.170 1.328 -14.700 1.572 -15.140 1.609 -14.790 1.590 -16.480 1.676
Note that several scenarios are the same since control approach and UR do not apply for cooling (i.e. 1a,1b and 1c are all the
Heating Load Factor

Factors in the table below (Fload,heating) are used to determine the fraction of the annual heating load
that is met by the ASHP unit.

Fraction of Heating Load Met by the ASHP (Fload,heating)

1a
1b 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.98 0.99 0.97 1.00
1c
1d 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.98 1.00
2a 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.24
2b 0.39 0.38 0.39 0.37 0.39 0.39 0.38
2c 0.56 0.55 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.55
2d 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.51 0.54 0.51 0.54
2e 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.71 0.72 0.69 0.74
2f 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.82 0.84 0.81 0.86
2g 0.98 0.97 0.97 0.94 0.97 0.92 0.98
2h 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.95 0.98 0.94 0.99
3a 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.67 0.70 0.67 0.72
3b 0.96 0.94 0.94 0.92 0.95 0.90 0.95
3c 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.97 0.92 0.98
4a 0.43 0.42 0.43 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.42
4b 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.56 0.55 0.56 0.58
4c 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.94 0.96 0.92 0.98
4d 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.98 0.95 0.99
Cooling Load Factor

Factors in the table below (Fload,cooling) are used to determine the fraction of the annual cooling load
that is met by the ASHP unit. The cooling sizing is determined using assumptions about the relative
size of cooling loads (BCL) and heating loads (BHL) in NY based on climate.
Fraction of Cooling Load Met by the ASHP (F load,cooling)

1a
1b 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
1c
1d 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2a 0.90 0.79 0.90 0.95 0.91 0.88 0.89
2b 0.99 0.95 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99
2c 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2d 0.90 0.79 0.90 0.95 0.91 0.88 0.89
2e 0.99 0.95 0.99 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99
2f 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2g 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
2h 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
3a 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
3b 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
3c 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
4a 0.99 0.96 0.99 1.00 0.98 0.99 0.99
4b 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
4c 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
4d 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Note that several scenarios are the same since control approach and UR do not apply for cooling (i.e. 1a,1b and 1c are all the
Optional Control Features

All the whole building or full load scenarios in the Whole Building and Displacement Scenarios
table above correspond to separate control or default control of the ASHP systems. If the ASHP
has optional control features, the control factors (Fctrl) in the table below shall be used (otherwise
Fctrl is equal to 1.0 by default for separate control). The control factors increase (or decrease) the
heating load met by the heat pump. Integrated control (droop control) brings on the backup

heating source but still allows the heat pump to operate with the backup heat. This corresponds
to a standard 2-stage thermostat and is the default control for Centrally Ducted systems (so Fctrl =
1.0). Changeover controls switch from the heat pump to the backup heating source when the
temperature is below the changeover threshold (design temperature plus 5°F, or Tdes+5°F). This
changeover temperature equates to 20°F in NYC and 3°F in Albany. Changeover controls are
typical for dual-fuel central-ducted systems but are also found in other heat pump controls. With
changeover control, the control factor is less than 1, indicating that the heating load and savings
are reduced.
Control Factors (Fctrl) for Optional Control Features (Fctrl = 1.0 for default controls)
NYC Other Cities
Whole or Full Load HP Sizing
Integrated Changeover Integrated Changeover
Scenarios Parameter
Control Tdes+5°F Control Tdes+5°F
Centrally Ducted 0.9 1.00 0.94 1.00 0.99
(Scenarios 1a and 1.0 1.00 0.93 1.00 0.99
1d)
Ductless Mini-Spilt 0.9 1.03 0.96 1.02 0.98
(Scenarios 2g and 1.0 1.02 0.96 1.01 0.99
2h)
Ductless Multi- 0.9 1.05 0.93 1.05 0.94
Splits 1.0 1.04 0.95 1.03 0.97
(Scenarios 3b and
3c)
Compact Ducted 0.9 1.04 0.99 1.03 0.97
Scenarios 4c and 4d) 1.0 1.02 0.94 1.01 0.97
Operating Hours
The Building Equivalent Full Load Hours for heating (BEFLHheating) and for cooling
(BEFLHcooling) in the tables below represent equivalent full load operating hours for HVAC
equipment based on EnergyPlus models for 12 commercial building types and 3 multi-family
building types. These existing building models were developed by NREL, and run for three
weather locations: NY JFK (zone 4A), Buffalo (zone 5A) and Massena (zone 6A).1245
Commercial and High-Rise Multi-Family BEFLH cooling by City

Building Buffalo Massena NYC
High Rise Multifamily - Pre-war - uninsulated brick 752 573 1,141
High Rise Multifamily - Prior to 1979 693 494 965
High Rise Multifamily - From 1979 Through 2006 738 523 1,007
High Rise Multifamily - From 2007 Through the Present 638 697 1,192
Assembly 803 670 1,080
Auto Repair 778 641 1,186
Big Box Retail 440 363 705
Fast Food Restaurant 547 417 788
1245
Detailed descriptions of these models are found in the white paper Developing Building Equivalent Full Load
Hour (BEFLH) Values for Commercial and Multi-Family Buildings in NYS, Tables 1, 2 and 3, and the associated
narrative.


Full Service Restaurant 547 417 788
Grocery 343 263 622
Light Industrial 93 77 230
Motel 1,958 1,760 2,141
Primary School 394 323 632
Religious Worship 307 329 451
Small Office 778 641 1,186
Small Retail 440 363 705
Warehouse 93 77 230
Other 440 363 705
Commercial and High-Rise Multi-Family BEFLH heating by City

High Rise Multifamily - Pre-war - uninsulated brick 1,793 1,606 1,431
High Rise Multifamily - Prior to 1979 1,625 1,375 1,242
High Rise Multifamily - From 1979 Through 2006 1,563 1,301 1,216
High Rise Multifamily - From 2007 Through the Present 1,391 1,406 1,144
Assembly 1,233 1,442 751
Auto Repair 793 790 537
Fast Food Restaurant 1,508 1,386 1,236
Full Service Restaurant 1,508 1,386 1,236
Grocery 1,204 1,130 1,055
Light Industrial 1,159 1,047 876
Motel 1,127 942 916
Religious Worship 1,218 1,264 899
Small Office 793 790 537
Warehouse 1,159 1,047 876
Other 983 970 779

A central ducted air source heat pump system is installed in a full service restaurant located
near NYC. The heat pumps are rated at 20 SEER, 13.4 EER, and 11 HSPF with a total system
heating capacity at 5ºF of 200 kBTU/h. The system fully replaces the existing gas fired hot
water boiler and existing single package central AC system. The building cooling load is 120
kBTU/h and building heating load is 193 kBTU/h The system includes electric resistance
supplemental heat. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand

1 1 1
1 1
1,000 3.412
1 1 1

SEERbaseline = 14.0, from Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies table
based on equipment type from application
EERseaons,ee = c + d x SEER = 1.52 + 0.859 x 20 = 18.7
EERseason,ee equation from Compliance Efficiency section
c and d from Coefficients for Seasonal Cooling Efficiency table based on scenario and
location from application. To determine scenario, the HP Sizing Ratio is calculated:
QH17,max / BHL= 200/193 = 1.04. Thus c and d correspond to scenario 1d based on
application conditions
SEER from application
BEFLHcooling = 788, from Operating Hours section
Fload,cooling = 1, from Cooling Load Factor table based on scenario from application
COPseason,baseline = N/A, from application
COPseason,ee = a + b x HSPF x 1/3.412 = 0.824 +0.777 x 11 x 1/3.412 = 3.33
COPseason,ee equation from Compliance Efficiency section
a and b from Coefficients for Seasonal Heating Efficiency table based on scenario and
location from application
HSPF from application
BEFLHheating = 1,236, from Operating Hours section
Fload,heating = 1, from Heating Load Factor table based on scenario from application
Fctrl = 1.0, from application for default control
FElecHeat,new = 1, from application
EERbaseline = 11.8, from Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies table based
on equipment type from application
CF = 0.8, from Coincidence Factor section
EFFbaseline = 0.82, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application

1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ((120,000 × ×( − ) × 788 × 1)
1,000 14 18.7
1 1 1
+ (193,000 × × (0 − )× × 1,236 × 1 × 1.0)
1,000 3.33 3.412
1 1
− (193,000 × ×1× × 1,236 × (1 − 1 × 1.0)))
1,000 3.412
= −19,297.72 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 120,000 × ×( − ) × 1 × 0.8 = 0.971 𝑘𝑊
1,000 11.8 13.4
1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 193,000 × × × 1,236 × 1 × 1.0 = 290.91 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.82

See Appendix P.


References
div8
Pumps.
ation_revised.pdf


6. Draft PDS-02 MINHERS® Addendum 71f, SEER/HSPF2 Conversions, RESNET,
January 2023
Available from: https://www.resnet.us/about/standards/minhers/draft-pds-02-minhers-
addendum-71f-seer-hspf2-conversions/
Association.
11. Henderson, H.I., 2021. White Paper: Developing Building Equivalent Full Load Hour
(BEFLH) Values for Commercial and Multi-Family Buildings in NYS. Prepared for the
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) and the New
York State Department of Public Service. Revised in August.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
12-17-8 12/31/2017
9-18-4 9/28/2018
2-20-5 2/28/2020
7-20-23 7/31/2020
6-22-18 9/2/2022
3-23-16 3/31/2023

HEAT PUMP – WATER-TO-AIR GROUND SOURCE (GSHP)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of an ENERGY STAR® certified Ground Source Heat Pump
(GSHP) system with a closed loop heat exchanger field or an open loop ground water system as
permissible by local environmental review.1246 The GSHP system provides heating and cooling
for space conditioning by a water-to-air heat pump via a typical air-duct distribution system in a
small commercial building not more than three stories above grade in height. This measure
applies to individual GSHP units in small commercial applications, and where each GSHP unit
has its own dedicated loop pump. It does not apply to large GSHP systems with multiple heat
pump units served by centralized ground loop pumping. The GSHP analysis associated with this
measure is based on several assumptions consistent with best practice design for a quality GSHP
installation:
• Building heating and cooling loads shall be calculated, and systems shall be sized in
• When the building peak heating load for a small commercial building in New York State
exceeds the peak cooling load, it is assumed that the GSHP runs at part-load during peak
cooling hours. For installation scenarios where the building load is cooling dominant a
custom analysis is required.
GSHP to meet the peak heating load without electric resistance auxiliary heat.
• The GSHP is equipped with either a two stage or variable-speed compressor system, a
variable speed or constant speed ground loop circulator pump, and a variable-speed
blower distribution fan.
performance ratings are provided by the manufacturer showing the efficiency and
capacity of the unit under full and part load conditions.
𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
This measure section does not apply to a subset of open loop systems known as standing column wells, since
1246
operating temperatures are much different in these applications.

𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
fuel heating system
EERseason = Energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour) at part-load seasonally adjusted for fan
and pump power
EERpeak = Full load energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour)
EERGSHP,full = Full load energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour). Refers to Ground Loop Heat
Pump (GLHP)-rated condition for closed loop GSHP systems or Ground Water
Heat Pump (GWHP)-rated conditions for open loop systems.
COPseason = Coefficient of performance, seasonally adjusted for fan and pump power.
Eff = Efficiency rating of fossil fuel heating equipment

Building cooling load at design conditions calculated in accordance
BCL
with ASHRAE Standard 183, from application.
Building heating load at design conditions calculated in accordance
BHL
with ASHRAE Standard 183, from application.
If the baseline heating system is an electric system, set equal to 1.
FElecHeat


If the baseline heating system is a fossil fuel system, set equal to 1.
FFuelHeat
EERseason,baseline
equipment. See Baseline Efficiency section below for details.
Electric cooling energy efficiency rating of baseline equipment. See
EERpeak,baseline
Energy efficiency ratio from the manufacturer’s catalog data
EERseason,ee adjusted to account for applied fan and pump power. See
Corresponds to GLHP-rated condition with fluid temperature of
EERGSHP,full,ee
77οF for closed loop systems, or GWHP-rated condition with fluid
temperature of 59οF for open loop systems.
Electric heating energy efficiency rating of baseline equipment. See
COPseason,baseline
Coefficient of performance from the manufacturer’s catalog data
COPseason,ee adjusted to account for applied fan and pump power. See
Seasonal fossil fuel energy efficiency of the baseline equipment.
Effbaseline
See Baseline Efficiency section below for details.
BEFLHcooling
BEFLHheating


A GSHP system can be considered a normal replacement scenario for electric resistance heating
1247

Regulations as shown in the table below. Baseline efficiency ratings (SEER/SEER2, EER/EER2,
HSPF/HSPF2) shall align with the efficiency rating of the efficient equipment.
1248
kBTU/h)
and <65 kBTU/h)
14.0 11.8 N/A
Conditioner
14.0 11.8 8.2
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.0 11.8 8.2
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 14.0 11.8 8.0
kBTU/h)
Heating Seasonal
Performance
Factor 2
(SEER2)1250 (EER2)
(HSPF2)1251
kBTU/h)
and <65 kBTU/h)
13.4 11.4 N/A
Conditioner
1248
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
1249
10 CFR 430.32(c)(1).
1250
10 CFR 430.32(c)(5).
1251
10 CFR 430.32(c)(5).

Heating Seasonal
Performance
Factor 2
(SEER2)1250 (EER2)
(HSPF2)1251
14.3 11.9 7.5
Pump (<45 kBTU/h)
Pump (≥45 and < 65 14.3 11.9 7.5
kBTU/h)
Single Package –
Heat Pump (<65 13.4 11.4 6.7
kBTU/h)
GSHP System Baseline Efficiencies

Adjusted Adjusted
Product Full-Load Rated Full-Load Rated Heating Cooling
Application Heating COP Cooling EER Efficiency Efficiency
(COPseason,base) (EERseason,base)
Closed Loop,
3.2 14.1 2.95 12.99
GLHP-rating
Open Loop,
3.7 18.0 3.05 14.71
GWHP-rating
*Equipment < 135 kBTU/h cooling capacity rated by ISO/ANSI/ASHRAE 13256-1: Baseline system is assumed to
be single stage.
**Adjusted values use corrections below for pumping and distribution losses assuming a pumping power of 90
Watts per ton for closed loop and 120 Watts per ton open loop.
The baseline efficiency for commercial fossil fuel fired heating systems is defined by International
Energy Conservation Code 1252 and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation
Commercial Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline Efficiencies

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
Boiler, Hot Water, Gas < 300 kBTU/h 0.82 AFUE
Fired ≥ 300 kBTU/h and ≤ 2,500 kBTU/h 0.80 Et
1252

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
3.412
where:
Albany 0.70 0.67
Buffalo 0.73 0.70
Massena 0.59 0.56
NYC 0.80 0.78
Syracuse 0.69 0.66

For scenarios where the baseline cooling system is a conventional ASHP, no additional
consideration is given to account for the difference between the rating conditions for SEER and
the typical operating conditions in New York State, because the differences between the rating
conditions and the typical operating conditions are small.
For scenarios where the baseline heating and cooling system is an existing GSHP, the seasonal
heating and cooling efficiencies of the baseline equipment code minimum efficiencies that have
been adjusted consistent with the methodology provided for efficient equipment described in the
Compliance Efficiency from Which Incentives are Calculated section below.

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® certified GSHP system as defined in the
Measure Description section above. If the GSHP system is closed loop, use the following formulas
with the COP and EER values from the GLHP ratings. If the GSHP system is an open loop system,
use the following formulas with the COP and EER values from the GWHP ratings. The formulas
adjust performance for closed loop systems to an average entering water temperature of
approximately 40°F for heating and 77°F for cooling. The open loop formulas adjust performance
to an average entering water temperature of 50°F for both heating and cooling.1253
compressor.
Closed Loop Systems (using GLHP ratings):
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 1.09 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 1.08 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ
Open Loop Systems (using GWHP ratings):
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 1.09 × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = ((𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝑊𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )) × 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ
These entering temperatures were selected based on measured data from GSHP sites presented in NYSERDA
1253
Report 18-03.

where:
COPGWHP,full = Rated COP of the unit at GWHP full load heating conditions
COPGWHP,part = Rated COP of the unit at GWHP part load heating conditions
EERGWHP,full = Rated EER of the unit at GWHP full load cooling conditions
EERGWHP,part = Rated EER of the unit at GWHP part load cooling conditions
Fpump, part = Factor to adjust part load efficiency to account for additional pumping power
1.09 = Correction for change in EER1254
1.08 = Correction for change in COP1255

COPGLHP,full
COPGLHP,part
EERGLHP,full
EERGLHP,part
The rated COP of the unit at GWHP full load (or standard) heating
COPGWHP,full
1254
Correction for 9% change in EER as the entering fluid temperature decreases from 77°F to 68°F. The 1% per °F
was observed from published performance data as well as in the IGSHPA Design Manual. This factor also applies
to the GWHP adjustment from 50°F to 59°F.
1255
Correction for 8% change in COP as the entering fluid temperature increases from 32°F to 40°F. The 1% per °F
was observed from published performance data as well as in the IGSHPA Design Manual.


The rated COP of the unit at GWHP part load heating conditions from
COPGWHP,part
The rated EER of the unit at GWHP full load (or standard) cooling
EERGWHP,full
The rated EER of the unit at GWHP part load cooling conditions from
EERGWHP,part
Fdist,c
Fdist,h
Seasonal weighting factor for full load efficiency = 0.25. Based in part
Ffull 0.25
Seasonal weighting factor for part load efficiency = 0.75. Based in part
Fpart 0.75

A correction factor for pumps (Fpump,full and Fpump,part) is required because the rated efficiency
values only include the pumping energy associated with the water-side pressure drop through the
heat pump unit (typically about 5-10 Watts per nominal ton). Actual pumping power is much
higher. The ASHRAE GSHP Design Guide (Kavanaugh and Rafferty 2015) developed a grading
system that assigns scores based on the amount of pumping power per installed ton. For instance,
it gives a grade of “A” to system that uses 45 Watts per nominal ton and a grade of “B” to a system
that uses 60 Watts per nominal ton.
1256
1257
Ibid.

below.1258
Pumping Power Adjustment Factors

A constant speed loop pump results in poor performance since the pump power becomes a
relatively larger portion of total power at low stage. Variable speed pumping with a variable speed
compressor results in the best performance. The penalty for constant speed pumping is highest for
units with variable speed compressors. The last consideration is the low-to-high capacity ratio
(CR), which can be calculated as follows:
𝐶𝑅 =
where:
QCGLHP,part = Part-load cooling capacity rating from AHRI certificate.
QCGLHP,full = Full-load heating capacity rating from AHRI certificate.
arrangement (e.g. pumping control strategy, CR, and pumping power). The full load pumping
factors are typically 0.86 to 0.94. Part load factors can range from 0.62 to 0.95 depending on the
pumping control strategy, the capacity ratio of the heat pump, and the pumping power. The factor
closest to the actual situation should be used.
Henderson, H.I., 2020. White Paper: Savings Calculations for Residential Ground Source Heat Pumps: The
1258
Basis for Equivalent Full Load Hours (EFLH) and Seasonal Efficiency Factors. Prepared for the New York State
Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) and the New York State Department of Public
Service. Revised in June.


Pumping Power
Pumping
Capacity 45 60 75 90 105 120
Control
Strategy
Full load
0.94 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.86
(Fpump,full)
Part load –
constant flow
0.75 0.89 0.91 0.86 0.89 0.83 0.86 0.80 0.84 0.78 0.82 0.75 0.80
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
constant flow
0.40 0.81 0.85 0.77 0.81 0.72 0.77 0.69 0.74 0.65 0.71 0.62 0.68
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
staged
0.75 0.92 0.94 0.89 0.91 0.87 0.89 0.84 0.87 0.82 0.86 0.80 0.84
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
staged
0.40 0.92 0.94 0.89 0.91 0.87 0.89 0.84 0.87 0.82 0.86 0.80 0.84
pumping
(Fpump,part)
Part load –
variable
0.40 0.94 0.95 0.92 0.93 0.90 0.92 0.88 0.90 0.86 0.89 0.84 0.87
pumping
(Fpump,part)

the equivalent amount of distribution power for the baseline system, such as a fossil fuel fired
furnace or boiler, or a heat pump. The correction factor considers the differential distribution power
between the GSHP and the baseline system. The Distribution Correction Factors to correct GSHP
Seasonal Efficiency for typical baseline scenarios summarized in the table below:

1259
Ibid.

Operating Hours
(BEFLHcooling) in the tables below represent equivalent full load operating hours for HVAC
equipment based on EnergyPlus models for 12 commercial building types and 3 multi-family
building types. These existing building models were developed by NREL, and run for three
weather locations: NY JFK (zone 4A), Buffalo (zone 5A) and Massena (zone 6A).1260
Commercial and High-Rise Multi-Family BEFLH cooling by City

High Rise Multifamily - Pre-war - uninsulated brick 752 573 1,141
High Rise Multifamily - Prior to 1979 693 494 965
High Rise Multifamily - From 1979 Through 2006 738 523 1,007
High Rise Multifamily - From 2007 Through the Present 638 697 1,192
Assembly 803 670 1,080
Auto Repair 778 641 1,186
Fast Food Restaurant 547 417 788
Full Service Restaurant 547 417 788
Grocery 343 263 622
Light Industrial 93 77 230
Motel 1,958 1,760 2,141
Religious Worship 307 329 451
Small Office 778 641 1,186
Warehouse 93 77 230
Other 440 363 705
Commercial and High-Rise Multi-Family BEFLH heating by City

High Rise Multifamily - Pre-war - uninsulated brick 1,793 1,606 1,431
High Rise Multifamily - Prior to 1979 1,625 1,375 1,242
High Rise Multifamily - From 1979 Through 2006 1,563 1,301 1,216
High Rise Multifamily - From 2007 Through the Present 1,391 1,406 1,144
Assembly 1,233 1,442 751
Auto Repair 793 790 537
Fast Food Restaurant 1,508 1,386 1,236
Full Service Restaurant 1,508 1,386 1,236
Grocery 1,204 1,130 1,055
Light Industrial 1,159 1,047 876
Motel 1,127 942 916
Religious Worship 1,218 1,264 899
Small Office 793 790 537
1260
Detailed descriptions of these models are found in the white paper Developing Building Equivalent Full Load
Hour (BEFLH) Values for Commercial and Multi-Family Buildings in NYS, Tables 1, 2 and 3, and the associated
narrative.


Warehouse 1,159 1,047 876
Other 983 970 779

A closed loop water-to-air GSHP is installed to provide space heating and cooling for an small
office building located near Buffalo. The heat pump has variable speed pumping controls and
rated heating capacity of 60 kBTUh, with a full load EER of 19, part load EER of 25, full load
COP of 3.5 and part load COP of 4.1. The GSHP has a 60 watts/ton system pumping power.
The building has a building cooling load of 36 kBTUh and the building cooling load of 58
kBTUh, and existing HVAC equipment are a split system air conditioner and a gas fired
furnace. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and
𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]
+[ ×( − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 ]
𝐵𝐶𝐿 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔

EERseason,baseline = 13, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size
from application
EERseason,ee = ((Ffull x EERGLHP,full x 1.09 x Fpump,full) + (Fpart x EERGLHP,part x Fpump,part)) x Fdist,c
= ((0.25 x 19 x 1.09 x 0.93) + (0.75 x 25 x 0.92)) x 0.95 = 20.96
table
table
BEFLHcooling = 778, from Operating Hours section
from application

COPseason,ee = ((Ffull x COPGLHP,full x 1.08 x Fpump,full) + (Fpart x COPGLHP,part x Fpump,part)) x Fdist,h

= ((0.25 x 3.5 x 1.08 x 0.92) + (0.75 x 4.1 x 0.93)) x 0.96 = 3.58
BEFLHheating = 793, from Operating Hours section
EERpeak,baseline = 11.2, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size
from application
from application
EFFbaseline = 0.8, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application
36,000 1 1 58,000 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ×( − ) × 778] + [ × (0 − ) × 793]
1,000 13 20.96 3,412 3.58
= −2,947.18 𝑘𝑊ℎ
36,000 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 0.69 = 0.910 𝑘𝑊
1,000 11.2 19
58,000 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 793 = 57.49 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.8

See Appendix P.



References
div8
Pumps.
Available from:
ation_revised.pdf
4. Carlson, S. 1997. “Geothermal Heat Pump Performance in Heating Dominated
Climates.” Presented at Heat Pumps in Cold Climates, 3rd International Technical
Conference. August 11-12. Wolfville, Nova Scotia.
Association.
Association.

by NYS DPS Staff.
Energy Corp., Cazenovia, NY. nyserda.ny.gov/publications.
13256-1:1998 (RA 2012), AHRI, 2012.
17. Henderson, H.I., 2021. White Paper: Developing Building Equivalent Full Load Hour
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
4-16-1 3/31/2016
6-17-6 6/30/2017
3-18-11 3/29/2018
2-20-6 2/28/2020
7-20-24 7/31/2020

HEAT PUMP – WATER-TO-AIR G ROUND SOURCE (GSHPS) IN SYSTEMS WITH CENTRAL

PUMPING
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of multiple ENERGY STAR® certified Ground Source Heat
Pump (GSHP) units combined into a system with a closed loop ground heat exchanger field and
with central pumping. The GSHP units are water-to-air heat pumps with ducting to provide space
heating and cooling to individual zones within a commercial building, including multifamily. The
system can optionally include water-to-water heat pumps for domestic water heating. Methods for
calculating annual DHW energy savings are presented separately below.
This measure applies to GSHPs in building applications with multiple heat pump units served by
centralized ground loop pumping. The calculations only consider simple baseline conditions with
separate zone-by-zone space heating and cooling equipment. They do not consider baseline
conditions with centralized air handlers serving multiple zones, with terminal reheat, or with other
forms of variable air volume terminals. Further, this measure only applies to single-owner facilities
with closely-grouped buildings and does not consider multi-owner district, community, or shared
loop systems with multiple levels of pumping and loop flow control.
The GSHP analysis associated with this measure is based on several assumptions consistent with
best practice design for a quality GSHP installation:
• Building heating and cooling loads shall be calculated, and systems shall be sized in
• GSHP units shall be sized in accordance with zone loads calculated with appropriate
commercial load calculations, such as from the 2017 ASHRAE Fundamentals.1261
GSHP to meet the peak heating and peak cooling loads.
• The design loop pumping power must be less than 60 Watts per nominal installed ton1262,
or 7.5 HP per 100 tons, which corresponds to a grade of “B” according to the ASHRAE
GSHP Design Guide (Kavanaugh and Rafferty 2015).
performance ratings are provided by the manufacturer showing the efficiency and capacity
of the unit under full and part load conditions.
This measure applies for the following types of GSHP central pumping options:
• Traditional variable speed control that varies pump speed to maintain differential pressure
based on a sensor installed at a remotely located GSHP unit,
• Staged (two-speed) pumping control,
2017 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook, Chapter 18. Non-residential heating and cooling loads.
1261
The nominal tons are based on the rated cooling capacity at full load GLHP conditions as per ISO Standard
1262
13256-1.

• “Sensorless” variable speed control where internal pump controls are used to
approximately maintain constant pressure across the pump, or
• Hybrid options that combine central loop variable speed pumping with individual
cartridge1263 circulators on each heat pump unit.
For the first 3 options, only the central pumping energy is calculated with no pumping adjustment
to the heat pump efficiency (Fpump,full & Fpump,part should be set to 1.0). For the hybrid option, both
central pumping energy as well as an adjustment to heat pump efficiency are required (Fpump,full &
Fpump,part come from the table below).
Note: The algorithms below address energy impacts associated with space conditioning load only.
See the Methods for Calculating Annual Domestic Hot Water Energy Savings from a Dedicated
Water-to-Water Heat Pump section of this measure for estimating DHW savings associated with
these systems.
𝐵𝐶𝐿 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 1
+[ ×( − ) × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
− [𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑎𝑣𝑔 × 𝑘𝑊𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 × 8760]]
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹 − 𝑘𝑊𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛
1,000 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙,,𝑒𝑒
where:
AFUE = Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal efficiency for fuel heat equipment
baseline = Characeristic of baseline condition
BCL = Building Cooling “Block” Load at design conditions (BTU/h)
1263
Cartridge circulators are inline, self-contained pumps or circulators.


BHL = Building Heating “Block” Load at design conditions (BTU/h)
COP = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy
COPseason = Coefficient of performance on a seasonal basis. Adjusted to account for fan and
pump power.
EER = Energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour)
EERGSHP,full = Full load energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hours). Refers to GLHP-rated
condition for closed loop GSHP systems.
EERseason = Energy efficiency ratio (BTU/watt-hour) at part-load seasonally-adjusted for fan
and pump power, for baseline conditions or for energy efficient case,
BTU/watt-hour
FFuelHeat = Fossil fuel heating; used to account for the presence or absence of a fossil fuel
heating system
peak = Peak rating condition
kWpump, design = Pumping power at the design or full speed loop flowrate, kW
Fpump, avg = Average pumping power percentage over the year, % or fraction
8760 = Number of hours in a year
1,000,000 = Conversion factor, (BTU/MMBtu), one MMBtu equals 1,000,000 BTU

Building cooling block load at design conditions determined by
appropriate commercial load estimating method. Block load is the
BCL
simultaneous or coincident peak load of all thermal zones (2017
ASHRAE Fundamentals, Chapter 18).
Building heating load at design conditions determined by
appropriate commercial load estimating method. Block load is the
BHL
simultaneous or coincident peak load of all zones (2017 ASHRAE
Fundamentals, Chapter 18).
If an electric cooling system is present, set equal to 1. Otherwise,
FElecCool
set equal to 0.
If an electric heating system is present, set equal to 1. Otherwise,
FElecHeat
set equal to 0.


FFuelHeat
EERseason,baseline
equipment. See Baseline Efficiency section below for details.
Electric cooling energy efficiency rating of baseline equipment.
EERpeak,baseline
Energy efficiency ratio from the manufacturer’s catalog data AHRI
EERseason,ee ratings adjusted to account for applied fan and pump power. See
EERGSHP,full Corresponds to GLHP-rated condition with fluid temperature of
77οF for closed loop systems.
Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal energy efficiency for
AFUEbaseline fuel heating equipment. See Baseline Efficiency section below for
details.
Electric heating energy efficiency rating of baseline equipment.
COPseason,baseline
Coefficient of performance (ratio of heat delivered to energy input
to the heat pump unit) from the manufacturer’s catalog data
COPseason,ee
adjusted to account for applied fan and pump power. See
Lookup based on building type, vintage and location from table
BEFLHcooling
below.
Lookup based on building type, vintage and location from table
BEFLHheating
below.
The power consumption of the pump motor (and variable speed
kWpump,design drive) when the central loop pump provides the design or full
speed flowrate, kW.
The average pumping power across the year, lookup based on
Fpump,avg
diversity and bypass flow from table below.

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is 0.69 in multifamily applications1264 and 0.8 in
commercial and industrial applications.1265
1264
1265


Tables are provided below to show the baseline efficiencies for appropriate Electric Heating and
Cooling System Baseline Efficiencies, and appropriate Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline
Efficiencies.
Federal energy conservation standards1266 effective January 1, 2018 for small, large and very large
package air conditioning and heating equipment are more stringent than NYS and NYC codes.
These cases are denoted with footnotes in the table below.
Electric Cooling System Baseline Efficiencies

(Cooling Section
Capacity) Type
11.2 EER
13.0 SEER
Split System
11.4 EER2
Air conditioners < 65,000 BTU/h 13.4 SEER2
All
(air cooled) (single phase) 11.8 EER
14.0 SEER
Single Package
11.4 EER2
13.4 SEER2
10.6 EER
≤ 30,000 BTU/h 12.0 SEER
wall All
12.0 SEER
Small-duct
< 65,000 BTU/h 9.9 EER
(air cooled)
1266
10 CFR 431.97 (Table 3).


(Cooling Section
Capacity) Type
Electric
Resistance
(or None)
< 135,000
BTU/h1267 All Other
Electric
and (or None)
All Other
Air conditioners Single Package 12.2 IEER
(air cooled) Electric
and (or None)
All Other
Electric
Resistance
≥ 760,000 BTU/h (or None)
All Other
Electric Cooling and Heating System Baseline Efficiencies for Package Terminal Equipment
Size Subcategory
Minimum Efficiency
ECCCNYS1268
(Input) Condition
PTAC (Cooling
All 95°F db
Mode) EER = 14.0 - (0.300 × Cap/1,000)
Standard Size
PTAC (Cooling
Mode) All 95°F db
EER = 10.9 - (0.213 × Cap/1,000)
Nonstandard Size1269
1267
431.97 (Table 3).
1268
calculations.”
1269

Size Subcategory
Minimum Efficiency
ECCCNYS1268
(Input) Condition
EER = 14.0 - (0.300 × Cap/1,000)
PTHP (Cooling
Mode) All 95°F db
EER = 10.8 - (0.213 × Cap/1,000)
Nonstandard Size
NYS:
PTHP (Heating
All COP = 3.2 – (0.026 × Cap/1,000)
Mode) —
Capacities NYC:
Standard Size
COP = 3.7 – (0.052 × Cap/1,000)
PTHP (Heating
Mode) All
— COP = 2.9 - (0.026 × Cap/1,000)
Nonstandard Size
Fossil Fuel Fired Heating System Baseline Efficiencies: Systems Serving Single Units 1270
ECCCNYS and NYCECC
Equipment Type Size Range Minimum Efficiency for
Climate Zones 4, 5, and 6
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired
1270
10 CFR 430.32(e).

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.82 Ec
Fired
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.84 Ec
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.79 Et
Natural Draft
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.77 Et
> 2,500 kBTU/h 0.81 Et
For scenarios where the baseline heating system is electric resistance heat, the baseline seasonal
efficiency is assumed to be a COP of 1.0. For scenarios with PTHPs as the baseline heating system,
we assume the rated heating efficiency is derated1271 to account for mix of electric resistance and
PTHP operation:
COPseason,baseline = COPrated x FPTHP
Where FPTHP = 0.55 for NYC and 0.45 for upstate locations
For cooling, the seasonal average efficiency (EERseason,base), should be set to the values of SEER
for residential equipment or IEER for commercial packaged equipment, as appropriate. For PTAC
or PTHP systems use rated EER times a factor of 1.15.1272
be a gas fired warm air furnace with a central air conditioning system when natural gas service is
available at the project site.
Replacement of room air conditioners is not addressed in this analysis. To capture savings
associated with removal of room air conditioners, refer to the Air Conditioner – Room (RAC)
Recycling measure in the Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures section of this TRM.
1271
As per Tables 11 and 12 from NYSERDA report “High-Performance Packaged Terminal Heat Pump Market and
Development Research”, Report 18-27, October 2018 completed by Taitem Engineering. Effective annual COP
with resistance heat backup are 1.76 in NYC and 1.32 in Syracuse with a change-over temperature of 35°F. This
equates to derating factors of 0.55 for NYC and 0.45 for Upstate NY assuming a rated COP of 3.2 in NYC and 3.0
upstate.
1272
1.15 is the typical ratio of SEER and EER (or IEER and EER) given in the tables above.

Central Loop Pumping Energy Use for GSHP Systems

In larger GSHP systems with centralized pumping, the loop flow is modulated in response to the
building load (or the number of GSHP units operating). Each GSHP unit typically has a two-way
(or ON/OFF) valve that restricts loop flow through the unit when it is off.1273 As a result, less loop
flow is required at lightly-load conditions when fewer GSHP units are operating, so pumping
power is significantly reduced.
The factor Fpump,avg indicates the average fraction of the design or full power across the year. The
design power is defined as the electric power required to provide the design or maximum loop
flow rate (kWpump,design). The table below provides values of Fpump,avg based on climate cities as
well as various design and operating factors. The operating factors include the type of pumping
system, the amount of load diversity and the amount of bypass flow in the loop. This table was
developed using a bin analysis as described in a White Paper. 1274 These design and operating
factors are discussed below:
• The type of loop flow modulation can include: 1) Traditional variable speed drive (VSD)
driven pump controlled to maintain the differential pressure difference at a remote location
in the system, 2) a staged pumping system, or 3) a sensorless VSD pump that maintains a
constant pressure difference across the pump without using a pressure sensor (see the White
Paper).
• Variable speed loops may require that some bypass flow be provided so that the loop pumps
can continue to operate even when all the heat pumps are off. Bypass flow can be provided
by leaving off two-way valves on some heat pump units or by providing fixed bypass
plumbing from the supply to the return side of the loop. The % of bypass flow affects the
minimum allowable flow (and therefore the minimum pumping power). The table includes
bypass flows ranging from 30 to 60%.
• The load diversity in the system also affects the pumping energy use. Since each heat pump
is sized to meet the local zone loads, it is unlikely that every heat pump unit will be
operating at the same time, even at design conditions. The table considers the case with
modest diversity (e.g., 80 / 90% of the maximum loop flow at cooling / heating design
conditions) as well as the case with more diversity (e.g., 60 / 70% of the maximum loop
flow at cooling / heating design conditions). The design loop flow can often be less than
the theoretical maximum flow with every heat pump operating, which effects the diversity
factor. We recommend that modest diversity (80/90%) be used when the design loop flow
is less than the maximum theoretical flow. Otherwise use 60/70% diversity. The White
Paper provides further guidance on situations where load diversity is likely to occur.
1273
If the GSHP unit is dual-stage or variable speed, then a modulating valve should be used to maintain a constant
loop temperature difference across the unit.
1274
Henderson, H. 2020. White Paper Savings Calculations for Large Ground Source Heat Pumps with Central
Pumping, For application in Multi-Family Buildings and Other Commercial Applications. Prepared for the New
York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) and the New York State Department of
Public Service. November.

Tables for Fpump,avg Based on Location and Other Factors

New
Bing- Pough-
Albany Buffalo Massena York Syracuse
hamton keepsie
City
Bypass Flow = 30% (10% min Power) & Diversity = 80%/90%
Traditional VSD 18.1% 19.5% 19.5% 18.6% 19.2% 20.7% 19.1%
Two-Stage 42.6% 42.9% 43.1% 41.6% 40.9% 44.5% 43.0%
Sensorless VSD 19.0% 20.5% 20.5% 19.5% 20.1% 21.7% 20.0%
Traditional VSD 19.7% 21.1% 21.1% 20.4% 20.7% 22.4% 20.6%
Two-Stage 42.6% 42.9% 43.1% 41.6% 40.9% 44.5% 43.0%
Sensorless VSD 20.7% 22.2% 22.1% 21.4% 21.8% 23.5% 21.7%
Traditional VSD 25.6% 26.8% 26.7% 26.3% 26.2% 28.0% 26.2%
Two-Stage 42.6% 42.9% 43.1% 41.6% 40.9% 44.5% 43.0%
Sensorless VSD 26.8% 28.1% 28.0% 27.6% 27.5% 29.4% 27.5%
Traditional VSD 34.3% 35.4% 35.2% 35.0% 34.7% 36.5% 34.8%
Two-Stage 42.6% 42.9% 43.1% 41.6% 40.9% 44.5% 43.0%
Sensorless VSD 36.1% 37.2% 37.0% 36.8% 36.4% 38.3% 36.5%
Traditional VSD 13.0% 13.7% 13.7% 13.4% 13.4% 14.7% 13.4%
Two-Stage 34.0% 35.1% 35.1% 35.0% 34.2% 36.6% 33.8%
Sensorless VSD 13.7% 14.4% 14.4% 14.1% 14.1% 15.4% 14.1%
Traditional VSD 15.2% 15.9% 15.8% 15.6% 15.5% 16.8% 15.5%
Two-Stage 34.0% 35.1% 35.1% 35.0% 34.2% 36.6% 33.8%
Sensorless VSD 16.0% 16.7% 16.6% 16.4% 16.2% 17.6% 16.3%
Traditional VSD 22.4% 22.9% 22.8% 22.8% 22.6% 23.7% 22.6%
Two-Stage 34.0% 35.1% 35.1% 35.0% 34.2% 36.6% 33.8%
Sensorless VSD 23.5% 24.1% 23.9% 23.9% 23.7% 24.9% 23.7%
Traditional VSD 32.6% 32.8% 32.7% 32.8% 32.7% 33.5% 32.7%
Two-Stage 34.0% 35.1% 35.1% 35.0% 34.2% 36.6% 33.8%
Sensorless VSD 34.3% 34.5% 34.3% 34.5% 34.4% 35.2% 34.3%

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® certified GSHP heat pump system as defined
in the Measure Description section above. The formulas adjust performance for closed loop
systems to an average entering water temperature for both heating and for cooling. For small
residential systems the average entering temperatures are approximately 40°F for heating and 77°F

for cooling. For large GSHP systems, the user must specify the average entering water temperature
for heating (EWTavg,h) as well as for cooling (EWTavg,c). Temperatures for large buildings are
typically 5 to 15°F higher than the residential / small systems averages in heating and 10 to 20°F
higher than the residential / small systems averages in cooling. Some loop sizing software can
provide the average values. If only the design temperatures from the ground loop sizing
calculations are known (EWTmax and EWTmin), then an approximate assumption would be:
EWTavg,h = EWTmin + 10°F
EWTavg,c = EWTmax - 10°F
compressor. For single-stage units the part load values are omitted and Ffull = 1 & Fpart = 0
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = [(𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × (1 + 0.01 × (77 − 𝐸𝑊𝑇𝑎𝑣𝑔,𝑐 )) × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × (1 + 0.01 × (68 − 𝐸𝑊𝑇𝑎𝑣𝑔,𝑐 )) × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )]
× 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑐
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 = [(𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 × (1 + 0.01 × ( 𝐸𝑊𝑇𝑎𝑣𝑔,ℎ − 32)) × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

+ (𝐹𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 × (1 + 0.01 × (𝐸𝑊𝑇𝑎𝑣𝑔,ℎ − 41)) × 𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 )]
× 𝐹𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡,ℎ
where:
EWTavg,h = The average entering loop temperature in the heating season
EWTavg,c = The average entering loop temperature in the cooling season
Fpump, part = Factor to adjust part load efficiency to account for additional pumping power
0.01 = Correction for fractional change in EER or COP per each 1°F in entering loop
temperature1275
Correction for % change in EER or COP as the entering fluid temperature changes by 1°F. Observed from
1275
published performance data as well as in the IGSHPA Design Manual.


COPGLHP,full
COPGLHP,part
EERGLHP,full
EERGLHP,part
The average entering loop temperature in the heating season, typically
EWTavg,h
between 45 and 55°F for larger GSHP systems.
The average entering loop temperature in the cooling season, typically
EWTavg,c
between 60 and 80°F for larger GSHP systems.
The minimum expected entering loop temperature in the heating
EWTmin
season, from the ground loop sizing calculations.
The maximum expected entering loop temperature in the cooling
EWTmax
season, from the ground loop sizing calculations.
Fdist,c
Fdist,h
Seasonal weighting factor for full load efficiency = 0.25, for two-stage
Ffull 0.25 and variable speed GSHP units. Based in part on observed mix of low
and high stage operation from field testing.1276 For single stage use 1.0.
Seasonal weighting factor for part load efficiency = 0.75, for two-stage
Fpart 0.75 and variable speed GSHP units. Based in part on observed mix of low
and high stage operation from field testing.1277 For single stage use 0.
1276
1277
Ibid.



These correction factors are not required when centralized pumping is used with two-way valves
on each heat pump. In that case set Fpump,full and Fpump,part to 1.0.
If the GSHP system includes central loop pumps AND also uses cartridge circulators on each
GSHP unit (instead of two-way valves), then these correction factors must be applied. The
discussion of pumping Watts below only applies to the cartridge circulator/pump and NOT to the
central pumps.
A correction factor for cartridge pumps (Fpump,full and Fpump,part) is required because the rated
efficiency values only include the pumping energy associated with the water-side pressure drop
through the heat pump unit (typically about 5-10 Watts per nominal ton). Actual pumping power
is much higher. The ASHRAE GSHP Design Guide (Kavanaugh and Rafferty 2015) developed a
grading system that assigns scores based on the amount of pumping power per installed ton. For
instance, it gives a grade of “A” to system that uses 45 Watts per nominal ton and a grade of “B”
to a system that uses 60 Watts per nominal ton.
below.
Pumping Power Adjustment Factors for Cartridge Pumps on each GSHP unit
A constant speed loop pump with a staged or variable speed GSHP unit results in poor performance
since the pump power becomes a relatively larger portion of total power at low stage. Variable
speed pumping with a variable speed compressor results in the best performance. The penalty for
constant speed pumping is highest for units with variable speed compressors. The last
consideration is the low-to-high capacity ratio (CR), which can be calculated as follows:
𝐶𝑅 =

where:
QC GLHP,part = Part-load cooling capacity rating from AHRI certificate.
QC GLHP,full = Full-load heating capacity rating from AHRI certificate.
arrangement (e.g. pumping control strategy, CR, and pumping power). Single stage GSHP units
only require the full load factor, while staged and variable speed GSHP units require both full and
part load factors. The full load pumping factors are typically 0.86 to 0.94. Part load factors can
range from 0.77 to 0.94 depending on the pumping control strategy, the capacity ratio of the heat
pump, and the pumping power. The factor closest to the actual situation should be used.

Pumping Control Capacity
45 Watts/ton 60 Watts/ton 75 Watts/ton
Strategy Ratio
Clg Htg Clg Htg Clg Htg
Full load (Fpump,full) 0.94 0.94 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.90
Part load – constant
flow pumping 0.75 0.89 0.91 0.86 0.89 0.83 0.86
(Fpump,part)
Part load – constant
flow pumping 0.40 0.81 0.85 0.77 0.81 0.72 0.77
(Fpump,part)
Part load – staged
0.75 0.92 0.94 0.89 0.91 0.87 0.89
pumping (Fpump,part)
Part load – staged
0.40 0.92 0.94 0.89 0.91 0.87 0.89
Part load – variable
0.40 0.94 0.95 0.92 0.93 0.90 0.92

the equivalent amount of distribution power for the baseline system, such as a fuel fired furnace
or boiler. The correction factor considers the differential distribution power between the GSHP
1278
Ibid.

and the baseline system. The Distribution Correction Factors to correct GSHP Seasonal Efficiency
for typical baseline scenarios summarized in the table below:

Operating Hours
(BEFLHcooling) in the tables below represent building equivalent full load operating hours for
HVAC equipment based on the design heating and cooling loads (i.e., “Block Loads”). The table
includes BEFLH values for small commercial buildings as well as low and high-rise multifamily
buildings. These values were developed in a White Paper based on EnergyPlus simulation runs
from a NYSERDA simulation project focused on commercial and multifamily buildings
(Henderson 2021b). BEFLH values are given by climate zone and by building vintage for each
building type. Large commercial buildings have been excluded from the table since baseline
HVAC systems in those buildings (e.g., VAV systems) are not adequately considered in this
measure. For facility types not listed, central-pumped GSHP measures shall be addressed via
custom analysis.
BEFLH Heating BEFLH Cooling

Facility Type CZ*
Pre-1980 Post-1980 NC Pre-1980 Post-1980 NC
4A 351 537 285 1,000 1,186 984
Office – Low-Rise
5A 545 793 505 634 778 786
(≤3 floors)
6A 599 790 521 495 641 672
4A 1,029 1,055 1,269 609 622 656
Grocery 5A 1,206 1,204 1,447 358 343 506
6A 1,130 1,130 1,344 277 263 355
4A 386 916 649 1,956 2,141 2,056
Hotel – Small
5A 619 1,127 893 1,916 1,958 1,818
(≤4 floors)
6A 502 942 919 1,650 1,760 1,625

BEFLH Heating BEFLH Cooling

Facility Type CZ*
Pre-1980 Post-1980 NC Pre-1980 Post-1980 NC
4A 1,153 1,236 778 767 788 1,141
Restaurant 5A 1,481 1,508 1,183 545 547 808
6A 1,413 1,386 1,142 381 417 663
4A 760 779 579 705 705 941
Stand Alone Retail 5A 987 983 858 466 440 662
6A 969 970 838 362 363 617
4A 550 558 178 552 632 1,160
School 5A 688 729 394 362 394 885
6A 690 709 275 327 323 818
4A 875 876 637 243 230 498
Warehouse 5A 1,161 1,159 915 97 93 276
6A 1,049 1,047 972 82 77 247
4A 1,332 1,324 1,100 900 935 987
Multifamily
5A 1,713 1,668 1,320 631 666 497
(≤7 floors)
6A 1,449 1,393 1,450 453 470 542
4A 1,242 1,216 1,144 965 1,007 1,192
Multifamily
5A 1,625 1,563 1,391 693 738 638
(>7 and ≤20 floors)
6A 1,375 1,301 1,406 494 523 697
4A 1,431 1,317 1,198 1,141 1,074 1,212
Multifamily - Brick
5A 1,793 1,668 1,430 752 777 639
(>7 and ≤20 floors)
6A 1,606 1,382 1,478 573 572 699
* Climate Zones (CZ) shall be mapped to standard weather stations/cities as follows:
• 4A: NYC
• 5A: Albany, Buffalo, Poughkeepsie, Syracuse
• 6A: Binghamton, Massena

Several GSHP units are installed at a low-rise office building located near Albany (climate
zone 5A) constructed in 1975. The units are combined into a system with a closed loop ground
heat exchanger field with centralized pumping. The system is of hybrid design, combining
traditional central loop variable speed pumping with individual cartridge circulators on each
heat pump unit. Each heat pump has a full load EER of 19, part load EER of 25, full load COP
of 3.5 and part load COP of 4.1. The GSHPs have 45 watts/ton system pumping power. The
building has a total cooling load of 720 kBTUh and total heating load of 1,000 kBTUh. The
baseline HVAC equipment comprise 20-ton packaged gas furnace/RTU AC units. The
minimum expected temperature entering the loop in the heating season is 60ºF and the
maximum expected temperature entering the loop in the cooling season is 60ºF. At full speed
flowrate, the pump motor and variable speed drive draw 0.5 kW. The design loop flow is less
than maximum theoretical flow, and when heat pumps are in off position, bypass flow is
configured to 60% of design flowrate. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak

+[ ×( − ) × 𝐵𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
− [𝐹𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑎𝑣𝑔 × 𝑘𝑊𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 × 8760]]
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 𝐶𝐹 − 𝑘𝑊𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛
1,000 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝐺𝑆𝐻𝑃,𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙,,𝑒𝑒

FElecCool = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on baseline HVAC
from application
from application
EERseason,ee = ((Ffull x EERGLHP,full x (1 + 0.01 x (77 – EWTavg,c)) x Fpump,full) + (Fpart x
EERGLHP,part (1 + 0.01 x (68 – EWTavg,c)) x Fpump,part)) x Fdist,c
= ((0.25 x 19 x (1 + 0.01 x (77 - 50)) x 0.93) + (0.75 x 25 x (1 + 0.01 x (68- 50) x
0.92)) x 0.95 = 24.67
table
EWTavg,c = EWTmin - 10°F = 60 - 10 = 50ºF
EWTavg,c equation from compliance efficiency section
EWTmin from application
table
Fpump,part from Pumping Factors table based on application
BEFLHcooling = 634, from Operating Hours section based on location, Facility Type and
construction year from application
BHL = 1,000,000, from application
from application
COPseason,ee = ((Ffull x COPGLHP,full x (1 + 0.01 x (EWTavg,h – 32) ) x Fpump,full) + (Fpart x
COPGLHP,part x (1 + 0.01 x (EWTavg,h – 41)) x Fpump,part)) x Fdist,h

= ((0.25 x 3.5 x (1 + 0.01 x (70- 32)) x 0.92) + (0.75 x 4.1 x (1 + 0.01 x ( 70 - 41)) x
0.93)) x 0.96 = 4.61
EWTavg,h = EWTmin + 10°F = 60 + 10 = 70ºF
EWTavg,h equation from compliance efficiency section
EWTmin from application
BEFLHheating = 545, from Operating Hours section based on location, Facility Type and
construction year from application
Fpump,avg = 0.343, from Central Loop Pumping Energy Use for GSHP Systems section based on
Bypass Flow, Diversity, type of loop flow modulation, and location from application
kWpump,design = 0.5, from application
EERpeak,baseline = 9.8, from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment type and size from
application
CF = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
from application
application
720,000 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ×( − ) × 634]
1,000 11.4 24.67
1,000,000 1
+[ × (0 − ) × 545 − [0.343 × 0.5 × 8760]]
3,412 4.61
= −14,612.35 𝑘𝑊ℎ
720,000 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = ×( − ) × 0.8 − 0.5 = 27.96 𝑘𝑊
1,000 9.8 19
1,000,000 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × × 545 = 681.25 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 0.8
Methods for Calculating Annual Domestic Hot Water Energy Savings from a Dedicated
Water-to-Water Heat Pump
GSHP systems can meet DHW loads by installing a water-to-water heat pump (WWHP) dedicated
to meeting the DHW load.

When a WWHP that is dedicated to DHW is added to the ground loop, the DHW-WWHP operates
in response to the DHW loads, independently of GSHP units’ operation to meet space loads.
Therefore, the energy savings are more consistent across the year.
In this analysis the DHW-WWHP displaces nearly all the DHW load. Electric demand impacts
are not considered at this time.
𝑄𝐷𝐻𝑊−𝑊𝑊𝐻𝑃 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐷𝐻𝑊
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝐷𝐻𝑊−𝑊𝑊𝐻𝑃 = ×
1,000,000 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑄𝐷𝐻𝑊−𝑊𝑊𝐻𝑃 𝐹𝐸𝐷𝐻𝑊 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐻𝑊−𝑊𝑊𝐻𝑃 = ×( − )
3,412 𝑈𝐸𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐷𝐻𝑊−𝑊𝑊𝐻𝑃
𝑄𝐷𝐻𝑊−𝑊𝑊𝐻𝑃 = 1.1 × 𝐺𝑃𝐷 × 365 × 8.33 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐷𝐻𝑊−𝑊𝑊𝐻𝑃 = 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐴𝐻𝑅𝐼,𝐺𝐿𝐻𝑃 × 0.95
where:
ΔMMBtuDHW-WWHP = Fossil fuel energy displaced by dedicated DHW-WWHP
ΔkWhDHW-WWHP = Electricity savings from dedicated DHW-WWHP operation
COPAHRI,GLHP = Rated COP for a per ISO13256-2 at GLHP conditions (32°F source-side,
104°F load-side)
COPDHW-WWHP = Overall annual COP of dedicated DHW-WWHP
FEDHW = Factor indicating that baseline DHW system is electric
FFFDHW = Factor indicating that baseline DHW system is fossil fuel fired
GPD/unit = Gallons per day consumption, for DHW system per installed unit
QDHW-WWHP = Annual DHW load served by dedicated DHW-WWHP, BTU
UEFbaseline = Uniform energy factor of baseline DHW appliance (gas or electric). For
commercial systems use AFUE or Et in place of UEF, as appropriate.
ΔTmain = Average temperature difference between water heater set point
temperature and the supply water temperature in water main (°F)
0.95 = Correction factor from AHRI rated conditions to 50-60°F source-side,
120-130°F load-side.
1.1 = Factor to increase DHW load served by DHW-WWHP to account for 10%
tank losses (that are embedded in UEF).
8.33 = Specific heat of water; energy required (BTU), to heat one gallon of water
by one degree Fahrenheit [BTU/(gal-F)]
1,000,000 = Conversion factor (BTU/MMBtu), one therm equals 1,000,000 BTU

FEDHW 1 for electric DHW Factor indicating baseline DHW is electric
FFFDHW 1 for gas-fired DHW Factor indicating baseline DHW is fossil fuel-fired


system. For small commercial buildings consult the
17.2 × # of people /
GPD/unit table below for proper GPD values. If based on values
units
per the table below, divide result by number of units
installed.
nearest city.
Tset 130 Tank storage temperature (°F).
UEFbaseline Baseline Efficiencies section for details regarding
derivation of this input.
ΔTmain Tset - Tmain set point temperature and the supply water temperature
Hot Water Consumption for Commercial and Multifamily Building Applications

Showers

1279
1280
Assessment Guidelines, Table 1. Hot Water Use by Building Type, June 2011.
1281
1282
Improving Commercial Kitchen Hot Water System Perofmrance, Design Guide – Energy Efficient Heating,
Delivery and Use, Table 1. Typical hot water system cost for restaurants, March 2010.
1283

annual average outdoor temperature plus 6°F.1284 Supply main temperatures based on the annual
City Tmain (°F)
temperature1285 (°F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0

input capacity and draw pattern equivalent to the efficient water heater. UEFbaseline shall be
calculated as a function of qualifying equipment tank volume (vt) for storage type water heaters.
A Medium draw pattern should be assumed for storage type water heaters with rated storage
capacity ≤ 50 gallons and a High draw pattern should be assumed otherwise.1286

Product Rated Storage Volume
Draw Pattern Uniform Energy Factor
Class and Input Rating
Very Small 0.3456 - (0.0020 x vt*)
Low 0.5982 - (0.0019 x vt)
Gas-Fired Medium 0.6483 - (0.0017 x vt)
Storage High 0.6920 - (0.0013 x vt)
Water Very Small 0.6470 - (0.0006 x vt)
Heater Low 0.7689 - (0.0005 x vt)
Medium 0.7897 - (0.0004 x vt)
High 0.8072 - (0.0003 x vt)
Oil-fired Very Small 0.2509 − (0.0012 × vt)
Storage Low 0.5330 − (0.0016 × vt)
≤50 gal
Water Medium 0.6078 − (0.0016 × vt)
Heater High 0.6815 − (0.0014 × vt)
1284
1285
1286
(https://www.ahridirectory.org/ahridirectory/pages/home.aspx).
1287
10 CFR 430.32(d).

Product Rated Storage Volume

Draw Pattern Uniform Energy Factor
Class and Input Rating
Very Small 0.8808 - (0.0008 x vt)
Low 0.9254 - (0.0003 x vt)
Electric Medium 0.9307 - (0.0002 x vt)
Storage High 0.9349 - (0.0001 x vt)
Water Very Small 1.9236 - (0.0011 x vt)
Heater Low 2.0440 - (0.0011 x vt)
Medium 2.1171 - (0.0011 x vt)
High 2.2418 - (0.0011 x vt)
Commercial Water Heaters for Central Systems

Commercial Equipment Type Efficiency Level
Tank Type: All Sizes 0.80 Et
Gas-Fired Hot Water Boiler: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.82 AFUE
Oil-Fired Hot Water Boiler: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.84 AFUE
Gas-Fired Steam Boiler, All Except Natural Draft: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.80 AFUE
Gas-Fired Steam Boiler, Natural Draft: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.80 AFUE
Oil-Fired Steam Boiler: < 300,000 BTU/h 0.82 AFUE

≥ 75 gallons High

See Appendix P.


1288
10 CFR 429.17.

References
div8
Pumps
Available from:
ation_revised.pdf
4. ECCCNYS, 2016, per IECC 2015; Section R403.7.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/public/document/IECC2015NY-1/chapter-4-re-
6. Henderson, H.I., 2020. White Paper Savings Calculations for Residential Ground Source
7. Henderson, H.I., 2021a. Savings Calculations for Ground Source Heat Pumps with
Central Pumping. For application in Multi-Family Buildings and Other Commercial
Applications. Prepared for the New York State Energy Research and Development
Authority (NYSERDA) and the New York State Department of Public Service. Revised
March 2021.
8. Henderson, H. 2021b. White Paper: Developing Building Equivalent Full Load Hour
Association.
by NYS DPS Staff.

Energy Corp., Cazenovia, NY. Nyserda.ny.gov/publications.
13256-1:1998 (RA 2012), AHRI, 2012.
17. Water Source Heat Pumps – Testing and Rating for Performance – Part 2: Water to
Water Heat Pumps (2012) Arlington, VA. ANSI/ASHRAE/ISO Standard 13256-2:1998
(RA 2012), AHRI, 2012.
New-York-State
Record of Revision
7-21-14 8/30/2021

HIGH-VOLUME LOW SPEED (HVLS) FAN

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the installation of high-volume low speed (HVLS) fans in C&I
applications. HVLS fans are ceiling mounted fans that move large amounts of air more
efficiently and with lower noise levels. For the purposes of this measure, a fan shall consist of
the blade and motor assembly. Installed in exhaust, ventilation, or circulation applications,
HVLS fans replace multiple smaller fans.
Variable frequency drives (VFD) may be installed along with high speed fans to increase energy
savings and the associated savings are quantified by this methodology. If VFD savings are
claimed via this measure, additional savings may not be claimed for VFDs utilizing a separate
methodology.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [(𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ) − (𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠𝑒𝑒 × × FVFD,ee)] × ℎ𝑟𝑠
( ) ( )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
units = Number of fans installed or removed under the program
lbf = Thrust, in pounds-force
lbf/kW = Thrust efficiency ratio, in pounds-force per kilowatt


From application. For new installations,
unitsbaseline
assume 5 x unitsee.1289
Unitsee From application.
Lbfbaseline
use lbfee as the default value.
Lbfee From application.
(lbf/kW)baseline number. If not tested by BESS Labs, look up
from Baseline Efficiencies section below based
on fan diameter.
(lbf/kW)ee
accredited laboratory
No VFD: 1.00 Adjustment to efficient condition consumption
FVFD,ee VFD (Greenhouse): 0.64 to account for VFD control, based on presence
VFD (Other): 0.75 of VFDs and fan application.1290
From application. If unknown, look up from
table below based on location for agricultural
applications. For other C&I applications,
Hrs assume fan operating hours align with the
operating hours prescribed in the C&I Interior
and Exterior Lighting measure found in this
document, based on facility type.
CF 0.8

1289
Kammel, David & Raabe, & Kappelman, J.. (2003). Design of high volume low speed fan supplemental cooling
system in dairy freestall barns. Proceedings of the Fifth International Dairy Housing Conference.
10.13031/2013.11628.
1290
Teitel, M. & Levi, Asher & Zhao, Yun & Barak, Moti & Bar-lev, Eli & Shmuel, David. (2008). Energy saving
in agricultural buildings through fan motor control by variable frequency drives. Energy and Buildings. 40. 953-960.
10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.07.010.
1291


The baseline condition for this measure is a standard efficiency circulating fan. Baseline fan thrust
(lbf) for circulating fans and fan efficiency shall come from application. If unavailable, look up
from the table below based on fan type and diameter.1292
Circulating Fans
Fan Diameter
(lbf/kW)
24” – 35” 10.5
36” – 47” 12.9
48” – 52” 19.8
53”+ 20.8

The compliance condition for this measure is a HVLS fan, at least 16 feet in diameter.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application. If operating hours are unknown, the prescribed hours
shall come from the lookup table below based on location for agricultural applications. Default
hours are developed from NOAA hourly normals by summing annual hours dry bulb temperature
is above 50ºF.1293
City Hours
Albany 4,308
Binghamton 3,983
Buffalo 4,203
Massena 3,896
NYC 4,988
Poughkeepsie 4,440
Syracuse 4,236
For other C&I applications, assume fan operating hours align with the operating hours prescribed
in the C&I Interior and Exterior Lighting measure found in this document, based on facility type.
1292
Default baseline efficiency was determined by calculating the 10 th percentile of the efficiencies of all fans in the
active BESS Labs database for 48" ventilation fan. Many low efficiency fans are often not tested by BESS Labs,
therefore the average tested fan is more efficient than the average market available fan. The database includes single
and three phase fans at four voltages.
1293
NOAA National Centers for Environmental information – NCEI 1991 - 2020 Hourly Normals.


Two 16 foot diameter high volume low speed fans with 50 lbf and 26.5 lbf/kW are installed on
a dairy farm near Albany, replacing ten 36” diameter circulating fans with 10 lbf each.
Circulating fans are estimated to operate 4,000 hours per year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [(𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ) − (𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠𝑒𝑒 × × FVFD,ee)] × ℎ𝑟𝑠
( ) ( )
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
unitsbaseline =10, from application

unitsee= 2, from application
lbfbaseline = 10, from application
(lbf/kW)baseline = 12.9, lookup from Baseline Efficiency section based on existing fan diameter
Lbfee = 50, from application
(lbf/kW)ee = 26.5, from application
FVFD,ee = 1.00, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources Table
CF = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources Table
10 50
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [(10 × ) − (2 × × 1.00)] × 4,000 = 15,913 𝑘𝑊ℎ
12.9 26.5
15,913
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.8 = 3.18 𝑘𝑊
4,000

See Appendix P.

HVLS are used for air destratification. The destratification of air during heating and cooling
seasons in a conditioned space can decrease heating and cooling load required to achieve occupant
comfort and leads to additional energy savings. Because this measure considers HVLS fans as a
replacement for multiple conventional, smaller fans, impacts to heating and cooling load are not
quantified.


HVLS are used for air destratification. The destratification of air during heating and cooling
seasons in a conditioned space can decrease heating and cooling load required to achieve occupant
comfort and leads to additional energy savings. Because this measure considers HVLS fans as a
replacement for multiple conventional, smaller fans, impacts to heating and cooling load are not
quantified.
References
1. Kammel, David & Raabe, & Kappelman, J.. (2003). Design of high volume low speed
fan supplemental cooling system in dairy freestall barns. Proceedings of the Fifth
International Dairy Housing Conference. 10.13031/2013.11628.
Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271433461_Design_of_high_volume_low_spee
d_fan_supplemental_cooling_system_in_dairy_freestall_barns
2. Energy Savings Potential and Opportunities for High-Efficiency Electric Motors in
Residential and Commercial Equipment, Building Technologies Office, US Department
of Energy. December 2013.
Available from:
https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/02/f8/Motor%20Energy%20Savings%20Po
tential%20Report%202013-12-4.pdf
4. HVAC for Large Spaces: The Sustainable Benefits of HVLS (High Volume/Low Speed)
Fans course, Continuing Education Center, Architecture + Construction.
Available from: https://continuingeducation.bnpmedia.com/courses/macroair-
technologies/hvac-for-large-spaces-the-sustainable-benefits-of-hvls-high-volumelow-
speed-fans/6/
5. Agricultural Ventilation Fans, Bioenvironmental and Structural Systems Laboratory,
University of Illinois, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Accessed
September 26, 2019.
Available from: http://www.bess.illinois.edu/current.asp
Record of Revision
7-21-15 8/30/2021

INFRARED HEATER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of gas-fired, low-intensity infrared (IR) heaters, replacing
existing fossil fuel-fired furnaces and warm air unit heaters in commercial and industrial facilities.
Low-intensity IR heaters, also referred to as radiant tube heaters, operate through the combustion
of fossil fuel to heat steel or ceramic emitter tubes that deliver infrared radiant energy to the space.
IR heaters operate through radiant rather than convective heat transfer, making them ideally suited
for spaces with high air exchange rates (i.e. commercial garages and loading docks). Low-intensity
IR heaters have radiating surfaces that typically operate at less than 732°C (1,350°F).
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐻𝐷𝐷55 /(55 − 𝑇𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 )

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × (1 − )
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1,000 𝐻𝐷𝐷65 /(65 − 𝑇𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 )
where:
kBTU/hin = Fuel input rating of the installed equipment
ESF = Energy Savings Factor
HDD55 = Heating Degree Days of the climate zone with a 55-degree base
HDD65 = Heating Degree Days of the climate zone with a 65-degree base
Tdesign = Equipment design temperature
55 = Assumed space temperature in the efficient case (°F)
65 = Assumed space temperature in the baseline case (°F)
1294
The derivation of savings is based on the reduced input capacity requirement with the radiant heating of an IR
Heater (efficient) as opposed to convective heating of a conventional heating system (baseline). The thermal
efficiency is assumed to be equivalent between the baseline and efficient case.


(kBTU/h)in/unit Nameplate input rating of the efficient unit, from application.
EFLHheating
From application. If unknown, lookup from Location Variables
HDD55
table below for 55-degree base based on location.
From application. If unknown, lookup from Location Variables
HDD65
table below for 65-degree base based on location.
Tdesign Lookup from Location Variables table below based on location.
Location Variables
City HDD551295 HDD651296 Tdesign1297
Albany 4,038 6,391 -0.3
Binghamton 4,644 7,200 0.0
Buffalo 4,108 6,502 3.5
Massena 5,441 8,030 -8.7
NYC 2,728 4,900 14.3
Poughkeepsie 3,696 6,026 2.7
Syracuse 4,220 6,625 -0.7


The baseline condition is a minimally code-compliant fossil fuel-fired furnace or warm air unit
heater, based on existing conditions. For new construction, a gas-fired warm air unit heater shall
be assumed.
The baseline efficiency for commercial furnaces and unit heaters is defined by the Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) and subsequently adopted by the Energy Conservation Construction
Code of New York State1298 as shown below.
ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
1295
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center, 1991-2020 Normals.
1296
Ibid.
1297
2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Appendix: Design Conditions for Selected Locations, Heating Dry
Bulb 99.6%.
1298

ECCCNYS Minimum
Zones 4, 5 and 6
Gas Fired
Oil Fired

The compliance condition is a low-intensity, gas-fired infrared or radiant tube heater. The
methodology prescribed assumes a 10°F reduction to maintain occupant comfort in the affected
space.1299
Operating Hours
Appendix G.

Four gas-fired unit heaters are replaced with four 90 kBTU/h infrared heater in a commercial
facility loading dock located near Albany. The estimated heating EFLH for the space is 950
hours. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐻𝐷𝐷55 /(55 − 𝑇𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 )

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × × (1 − )
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 1,000 𝐻𝐷𝐷65 /(65 − 𝑇𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 )
unit = 4, from application

EFLHheating = 950, from application
HDD55 = 4,038, from the Location Variables table based on location from application
Tdesign = - 0.3, from the Location Variables table based on location from application
HDD65 = 6,391, from the Location Variables table based on location from application
950 4,038/(55 − (−0.3))

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 4 × 90 × × (1 − ) = 86.84 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000 6,391/(65 − (−0.3))

See Appendix P.
1299
2012 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Systems and Equipment, Chapter 16, Infrared Radiant Heating.



IR heaters transmit radiant heat, eliminating fan motor load requirements associated with
distribution of heated air in convective heating systems. This impact is not considered in the
methodology above at this time.
References
1. 2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Appendix: Design Conditions for Selected
Locations.
2. 2012 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Systems and Equipment, Chapter 16, Infrared
Radiant Heating.
3. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center, 1991-
2020 Normals.
Record of Revision
12-18-11 12/28/2018

KITCHEN DEMAND CONTROL VENTILATION (KDCV)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of kitchen demand control ventilation (KDCV). KDCV uses
temperature sensors within the hood or hood exhaust collar and/or optic sensors within the hood
to determine ventilation rate. These sensors, along with a microprocessor-based controller, control
kitchen exhaust airflow and make-up air volume via VFDs. KDCV reduces ventilation and heating
loads by controlling mechanical ventilation in response to cooking activities.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/ℎ𝑝)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × 𝐶𝐹
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑝)
where:
hp = Horsepower of exhaust fan
(ΔkWh/hp) = Annual electric energy savings (in kWh) per controlled motor horsepower
(ΔkW/hp) = Electric demand savings (in kW) per controlled motor horsepower
(∆MMBtu/hp) = Annual fossil fuel energy savings (in MMBtu) per controlled motor horsepower

(kWh/hp) 4,423 SCE1300
(kW/hp) 0.612 SCE 1301
1300
Southern California Edison Work Paper SCE17CC008, Revision 0, pg xiii. The workpaper assumes that this
value is applicable to all California climate zones. Therefore, the derivation of this value is independent of climate
considerations and adjustments for New York weather data is not feasible.
1301
Ibid.


Look up based on location in Fossil Fuel Savings
(∆MMBtu/hp)
table below.1302
CF 0.9
Fossil Fuel Savings

Location MMBtu/hp
Albany 26.8
Binghamton 28.8
Buffalo 26.6
Massena 32.8
NYC 18.9
Poughkeepsie 25.0
Syracuse 26.7


The baseline condition is a kitchen exhaust hood fan with manual or automatic on/off control and
constant volume exhaust fans.

The compliance condition is a KDCV system using smoke and heat sensors to control the exhaust
hood airflow and make-up air volume via variable frequency drive based on cooking activities.
The compliance condition must comply with all applicable provisions of federal, state, local and
municipal mechanical/ventilation and construction code including but not limited to sections
C403.2.6 and C403.2.8 of ECCCNYS and sections 402 and 403 of NYS Mechanical Code
(NYSMC).
Operating Hours
Operating hours are embedded into the per horsepower savings above using assumptions based on
data collected from a representative population of 72 sites of varying type across the state of
California. The average hours of use across all 72 sites used to derive per horsepower savings is
17 hours per day, and the average days per year is 350.
1302
Based on SCE Work Paper SCE17CC008 and NOAA Climate Normals. Baseline and climate dependent savings
were established by assigning each California climate zone HDD values based on NOAA climate normals. The
savings values from SCE Work Paper SCE17CC008 were then graphed against these HDD values. The associated
trendline was then applied to New York’s city specific HDD to develop location dependent savings values.
1303
Southern California Edison Work Paper SCE17CC008, Revision 0, pg. xiii.


A kitchen demand control ventilation system is installed in a hotel kitchen located near
Albany, controlling exhaust fans with total horsepower of 2 hp. Annual Electric Energy
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/ℎ𝑝)

hp = 2, from application
(kWh/hp) = 4,423, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
(kW/hp) = 0.612, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
(MMBtu/hp) = 26.8, from Fossil Fuel Savings table based on location from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 2 × 4,423 = 8,846 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 2 × 0.612 × 0.9 = 1.10 𝑘𝑊
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × 2 × 26.8 = 53.6 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.


References
1. Southern California Edison, Work Paper SCE17CC008 Exhaust Hoods Demand
Controlled Ventilation, Revision 0, November 2017.

2. ECCCNYS 2020 403.2.6 Ventilation and C403.2.8 Kitchen Exhaust Systems.

3. NYSMC 2020 402 Natural Ventilation and 403 Mechanical Ventilation.
Available from: https://up.codes/viewer/new_york/ny-mechanical-code-
2020/chapter/4/ventilation#4
Record of Revision
12-19-14 12/23/2019

REFRIGERANT CHARGE CORRECTION & TUNE UP - AIR CONDITIONER AND HEAT PUMP
Measure Description
This measure estimates savings associated with refrigerant charge correction of air-cooled central
air conditioners and air source heat pumps in small commercial applications. In order to be eligible
for energy savings, the scope of work performed must include manufacturer recommended AC
tune-up procedures including but not limited to the cleaning of condenser coils.
For Units with Cooling Capacity < 65,000 BTU/h
12 12
1 1
12 12
12 12
where:
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per unit, based on AHRI certification or nameplate data
of condenser or matched pair (condenser and coil)
(kBTU/h)out/unit= Output heating capacity in kBTU/h (at AHRI standard high-temperature rating
conditions)


conditions (used only for units with cooing capacity ≥ 65,000 BTU/h)
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions, measurement of cooling capacity
for a unit (in BTU/h) / electrical energy used (watts) (at AHRI standard rating
conditions)
3,412 = Conversion factor, one watt-hour equals 3.412 BTU

Actual equipment nameplate SEER. For equipment rated in
SEERee
Actual equipment nameplate SEER, derated in accordance with
SEERbaseline the Baseline Degradation Factor section below. For equipment
rated in SEER2, SEER2 rating shall be used.
IEERee Actual equipment nameplate IEER.
Actual equipment nameplate IEER, derated in accordance with the
IEERbaseline
Baseline Degradation Factor section below.
Actual equipment nameplate EER. For equipment rated in EER2,
EERee
Actual equipment nameplate EER, derated in accordance with the
EERbaseline Baseline Degradation Factor section below. For equipment rated
in EER2, EER2 rating shall be used.
Actual equipment nameplate HSPF. For equipment rated in
HSPFee
Actual equipment nameplate HSPF, derated in accordance with
HSPFbaseline the Baseline Degradation Factor section below. For equipment
rated in HSPF2, HSPF2 rating shall be used.
COPee Actual equipment nameplate COP.
Actual equipment nameplate COP, derated in accordance with the
COPbaseline
Baseline Degradation Factor section below.


EFLHcooling
system type and location from Appendix G.
EFLHheating
system type and location from Appendix G.
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is equivalent to the existing condition with efficiency ratings taken from
the equipment nameplate, derated to account for under or overcharging. The efficiency
improvement resulting from refrigerant charge adjustment is dependent upon the discrepancy
between the actual equipment charge before the adjustment was performed and the manufacturer’s
specification. The efficiency adjustment factor as a function of charge adjustment is taken from
the figure or table below.1305 Note the efficiency change depends on the type of expansion valve.
Use the curve or column labeled “TXV” for units with thermal expansion valves; otherwise use
the curve or column labeled “Short orifice”.
1304
1305
Efficiency as a function of charge adjustment from Small HVAC System Design Guide, New Buildings
Institute, 2003, pg. 40.

Normalized Normalized Normalized Normalized

% Factory % Factory
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency
Charge Charge
(Short Orifice) (TXV) (Short Orifice) (TXV)
60% 0.26 0.82 96% 0.96 0.99
62% 0.32 0.84 98% 0.97 0.99
64% 0.39 0.85 100% 0.98 1.00
66% 0.45 0.87 102% 0.99 1.00
68% 0.51 0.89 104% 1.00 1.00
70% 0.56 0.90 106% 1.00 1.00
72% 0.61 0.91 108% 1.00 1.00
74% 0.66 0.92 110% 1.00 1.00
76% 0.70 0.93 112% 1.00 0.99
78% 0.73 0.94 114% 1.00 0.99
80% 0.77 0.95 116% 1.00 0.99
82% 0.80 0.96 118% 1.00 0.99
84% 0.83 0.97 120% 1.00 0.99
86% 0.86 0.97 122% 1.00 0.98
88% 0.88 0.98 124% 0.99 0.98
90% 0.91 0.98 126% 0.98 0.97
92% 0.92 0.99 128% 0.97 0.97
94% 0.94 0.99 130% 0.96 0.96
If the equipment contains multiple refrigeration circuits, relevant baseline efficiency ratings shall
be calculated by establishing the total degradation factor as the sum of each circuit’s derating factor
multiplied by its percentage of the total system capacity and multiplying this value by the system’s
nameplate efficiency. The equation for EERbaseline, for example, is shown below:
𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑒𝑒 × ∑(𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑛 × 𝐹𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛 )

𝑛
where:
n = Each circuit
Cap = Fraction of total system capacity
Fderate = Baseline degradation factor, based on % over/undercharging from table above

The compliance condition is a commercial air conditioner or heat pump with corrected refrigerant
charge. SEER, IEER, EER, HSPF, and COP are taken from application as reported by equipment
manual.
Operating Hours
unknown, default EFLH by facility type, system type and location can be found in Appendix G.


A 7.5 ton split system heat pump with 90 kBTU/h heating capacity undergoes refrigerant
charge correction and tune-up per manufacture recommended procedures at an assembly
building located near Albany. The heat pump is rated at 18 IEER, 13.7 EER, and 3.2 COP and
is equipped with a thermal expansion valve. It was determined that the unit was operating at
70% of factory charge prior to correction. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
12 12
12 12

IEERbaseline = IEERee x Fdetrate,n = 18 x 0.9 = 16.2
Fderate,n from Baseline Efficiencies table based on percentage of factory charge
correction and expansion valve type from application
IEERee = 18, from application
EFLHcooling = 552, from Appendix G based on building type and location from application
(kBTU/h)out/unit = 90, from application
COPbaseline = COPee x Fdetrate,n = 3.2 x 0.9 = 2.88, from Baseline Efficiencies table based on
EFLHheating = 917, from Appendix G based on building type and location from application
EERbaseline = EERee x Fdetrate,n = 13.7 x 0.9 = 12.3, from Baseline Efficiencies table based on
12 12 90 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × {[7.5 × ( − ) × 552] + [ ×( − ) × 917]}
16.2 18 3.412 2.88 3.2
= 1,146.53 𝑘𝑊ℎ
12 12
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 7.5 × ( − ) × 0.8 = 0.598 𝑘𝑊
12.3 13.7

See Appendix P.


References
1. Small HVAC System Design Guide, New Buildings Institute, White Salmon, WA for the
California Energy Commission.
Available from: https://dl.icdst.org/pdfs/files/0d461bb519f578b1501491fcc47c8184.pdf
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-18-10 6/26/2018

TUNE-UP - BOILER
Measure Description
This measure applies to fossil fuel-fired hot water and steam boilers used for process loads or space
heating not covered under 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart 6J1306. Tune-up will improve boiler efficiency
by cleaning burners, combustion chamber and burner nozzles, adjusting air flow and reducing
excessive stack temperatures, adjusting burner and gas input and checking venting, safety controls,
and adequacy of combustion air intake. Combustion efficiency must be measured before and after
tune-up using a flue gas analyzer.
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑁/𝐴
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = 𝑁/𝐴
(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑖𝑛 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐸𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (1 − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000 × 𝐿𝐹 𝐸𝑐,𝑒𝑒
where:
units = Number of boilers addressed under the program
(kBTU/h)in/unit = Fuel input rating per boiler, based on nameplate data
LF = Load Factor
Ec,baseline = Baseline combustion efficiency as determined via flue gas analysis
Ec,ee = Post-implementation combustion efficiency as determined via flue gas analysis

Nominal heating input capacity is the nameplate input
(kBTU/h)in/unit
rating of the unit in kBTU/h, from application.
LF 1.3 Assumes 30% boiler oversizing.1307
Ec,baseline Efficiency as measured in pre-tune-up inspection.
1306
40 CFR 63 Subpart JJJJJJ: https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=sp40.15.63.jjjjjj
1307
PA Consulting, KEMA, Focus on Energy Evaluation, Match 22, 2010.


Ec,ee Post-tune-up efficiency as measured post-tune-up.
For space heat; lookup based on building type and location,
Appendix G.
EFLHheating
For process heat, use hours of operation from application.


The baseline efficiency is the combustion efficiency of the boiler measured during pre-tune-up
inspection via flue gas analysis. Because actual combustion efficiency is used to establish baseline
for this measure, there is no distinction in the approach for baseline determination between market-
rate and LMI applications.

The compliance efficiency is the combustion efficiency of the boiler measured after tune-up via
flue gas analysis.
Operating Hours
small commercial buildings. Operating hour assumptions for the prototypical building models are
Appendix G.

A 1,500 kBTU/h gas-fired space heating boiler undergoes a maintenance tune-up at an assembly
building located near Albany. Flue gas analysis indicated a pre-tune up combustion efficiency
of 79% and post tune-up efficiency of 83%. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑖𝑛 ⁄𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐸𝑐,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (1 − ) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000 × 𝐿𝐹 𝐸𝑐,𝑒𝑒

(kBTU/h)in/unit = 1,500, from application
Ec,baseline = 0.79, from application
Ec,ee = 0.83, from application

1,500 0.79
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × × (1 − ) × 961 = 53.44 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000 × 1.3 0.83

See Appendix P.


References
1. PA Consulting, KEMA, Focus on Energy Evaluation, Business Programs: Deemed
Savings Manual V1.0, March 22, 2010. This factor implies that boilers are 30% oversized
on average.
Available from:
https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/bpdeemedsavingsmanuav10_evaluationrepo
rt.pdf
Record of Revision
6-17-13 6/30/2017

TUNE-UP - CHILLER SYSTEM

Measure Description
Chiller system tune-ups are conducted to ensure equipment is operating at optimal performance
and are performed as preventative maintenance, extending the life of the equipment. The tune-ups
improve the efficiency and performance of the chillers and are useful system checks to ensure
maintenance is performed to keep the equipment operating. Testing and maintenance conducted
as part of a typical chiller tune-up include: checking and cleaning evaporator and condenser
coils/tubes, checking and replacing filters, belts, and contactors, checking cooling towers for
buildup/scale, checking control operation and setpoints, checking crankcase heater operation and
checking economizer function.
𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (𝐼𝑃𝐿𝑉𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (𝐹𝐿𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐷𝑆𝐹) × 𝐶𝐹
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑁/𝐴
where:
units = Number of chillers addressed under the program
tons/unit = Tons of air conditioning per chiller, based on nameplate data
IPLVbaseline = Integrated part-load value (kW/ton)
FLbaseline = Full load chiller efficiency under peak conditions
DSF = Demand savings factor

Based on nameplate data, if available. Otherwise, use values
IPLVbaseline
from Baseline Efficiency table below.


Based on nameplate data, if available. Otherwise, use values
FLbaseline
from Baseline Efficiency table below.
ESF 0.05 Energy Savings Factor (efficiency recovered from tune-up).1308
DSF 0.025 Demand Savings Factor (efficiency recovered from tune-up).1309
Cooling equivalent full-load hours by building type, Appendix
EFLHcooling
G.
CF 0.8 Coincidence Factor.


The baseline full load and IPLV kW/Ton values shall be based on actual manufacturers’ catalog
for the existing chiller, where available. If this information is unavailable, the efficiencies listed in
the table below, per the 2020 Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York State1311 shall
be used.
ECCCNYS ECCCNYS
Equipment
Size Category Maximum Full Maximum IPLV
Type
Load (kW/Ton) (kW/Ton)
Air-Cooled < 150 Tons 1.188 0.876
Chillers ≥ 150 Tons 1.188 0.857
< 75 Tons 0.750 0.600
Water-
≥ 75 Tons and < 150 Tons 0.720 0.560
Cooled,
≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons 0.660 0.540
Positive
≥ 300 Tons and < 600 Tons 0.610 0.520
Displacement
≥ 600 Tons 0.560 0.500
< 150 Tons 0.610 0.550
Water ≥ 150 Tons and < 300 Tons 0.610 0.550
Cooled, ≥ 300 Tons and < 400 Tons 0.560 0.520
Centrifugal ≥ 400 Tons and < 600 Tons 0.560 0.500
≥ 600 Tons 0.560 0.500

The compliance case requires the performance of all components of a typical chiller tune-up, as
noted in the Measure Description above and applicable to the addressed system.
1308
US DOE: Hospitals Benefit by Improving Inefficient Chiller Systems, August 2011.
1309
Conservative estimate based on engineering judgement, estimated at half of the established 5% energy savings
factor.
1310
1311

Operating Hours
Reference Appendix G for applicable value for specific building use type and geographic location.

A 125 ton air-cooled chiller undergoes tune-up in an assembly building located near Albany.
The chiller has a part load efficiency of 0.870 kW/ton and a full load efficiency of 1.185
kW/ton. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy
𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (𝐼𝑃𝐿𝑉𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹) × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × (𝑘𝑊 ⁄𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐷𝑆𝐹) × 𝐶𝐹
𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡

IPLVbaseline = 0.870, from application
kW/tonbaseline = 1.185, from application
DSF = 0.025, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 125 × (0.870 × 0.05) × 552 = 3,001.5 𝑘𝑊ℎ
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 125 × (1.185 × 0.025) × 0.8 = 2.96 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.



References
1. United States Department of Energy, Building Technologies Program: Hospitals Benefit
by Improving Inefficient Chiller Systems, August 2011. The paper found that dirty coils
can cause a 7% reduction in cooling capacity. Therefore, coil cleaning, the primary
savings mechanism associated with this tune-up measure, is conservatively assumed to
save 5% of total consumption. Demand savings are conservatively assumed to be half of
this, or 2.5%.
2. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C403.2.3(7): Water Chilling Packages – Efficiency
Requirements.
3. Wisconsin Public Service Commission: Equipment Useful Life Database, 2013.
Available from:
https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/bpmeasurelifestudyfinal_evaluationreport.pd
f
Record of Revision
6-17-12 6/30/2017

TUNE-UP - FURNACE
Measure Description
This measure covers tune up of commercial furnaces to improve seasonal heating efficiency. The
efficiency of commercial fossil fuel-fired furnaces degrades with age. However, with cleaning
and inspection, the performance of the furnace can be improved or “tuned up”. This measure
describes the savings for a commercial fossil fuel furnace tune up—combustion efficiency must
be measured before the tune up using a flue gas analyzer. This measure addresses tune up benefits
associated with heating performance only.
The recommended tune-up requirements are listed below. It is recommended that programs
require technicians performing the work are appropriately certified.
Recommended Tune-Up Practices
• Measure combustion efficiency using an electronic flue gas analyzer.

• Check and clean blower assembly and components per manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Where applicable, lubricate motor and inspect and replace fan belt if required.
• Inspect for gas leaks.
• Clean burner per manufacturer’s recommendations and adjust as needed.
• Check ignition system and safety systems and clean and adjust as needed.
• Check and clean heat exchanger per manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Inspect exhaust/flue for proper attachment and operation.
• Inspect control box, wiring, and controls for proper connections and performance.
• Check air filter and clean or replace per manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Inspect duct work connected to furnace for leaks or blockages.
• Measure temperature rise and adjust flow as needed.
• Check for correct line and load volts/amps.
• Check that thermostat operation is per manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Perform Carbon Monoxide test and adjust heating system until results are within standard
industry acceptable limits.
• Check and adjust gas input pressure.
• Check high limit and other safety controls.
• Where applicable, inspect condensate drain and clear, if needed.
1,000,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 × 𝐹𝑓𝑎𝑛 ×
3,412

𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹

1,000
where:
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 + ∆𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
𝐸𝑆𝐹 = −1
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
where:
Ffan = Furnace fan energy consumption as a percentage of annual fossil fuel
consumption
kBTU/hin = Nominal heating input capacity (kBTU/h), based on nameplate
EFLHheating = Heating Equivalent Full Load Hours
Effbaseline = Actual combustion efficiency of the furnace before tune-up, based on flue gas
analysis
∆Effee = Combustion efficiency improvement of the furnace as a result of tune-up, based
on flue gas analysis

Ffan 0.0314 AHRI.1312
EFLHheating Lookup based on building type and location in Appendix G.
For small commercial settings (residential duty of 225 MBH
and under), use ESF of 0.05.1313 For large commercial
ESF settings, calculate based on the equation in the Method for
Calculating Savings above and the definitions for Effbaseline
and Effee as outlined below.
Effbaseline Efficiency as measured in pre-tune-up inspection.
1312
Ffan is not one of the AHRI certified ratings provided for residential furnaces, but can be reasonably estimated
from a calculation based on the certified values for fuel energy (Ef, in MMBtu/yr) and auxiliary electrical energy
consumption (Eae, in kWh/yr). An average of a 300 record sample (non-random) out of 1495 was 3.14%. The
sampling was conducted for development of residential furnace measures for the Ameren Missouri TRM from the
AHRI database.
1313


The percentage improvement in combustion efficiency is
deemed a reasonable proxy for the system improvement. If a
∆Effee
full thermal efficiency test is performed instead, that should
be used.

While there is electric energy used in the system due to fan energy, there are no recommended
demand savings due to furnaces being operated during the heating season. Therefore, the
recommended coincidence factor is N/A.

The baseline condition is the combustion efficiency of the furnace measured during pre-tune-up
inspection. Because actual combustion efficiency is used to establish baseline for this measure,
there is no distinction in the approach for baseline determination between market-rate and LMI
applications.

The compliance condition is the combustion efficiency of the furnace measured after tune-up via
flue gas analysis.
Operating Hours
Appendix G.

A 180 kBTU/h furnace in a small office building located near Albany undergoes a tune-up per
the maintenance specifications. Flue gas analysis performed prior to tune-up indicates an
efficiency of 80% and postim implementation analysis indicates an efficiency improvement of
4.5%. Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings
1,000,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 × 𝐹𝑓𝑎𝑛 ×
3,412
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛 × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹

1,000
Ffan = 0.0314, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table


EFLHheating = 712, from Appendix G based on building type, location, and HVAC system from
application
ESF = (Effbaseline + ∆Effee) / Effbaseline – 1 = (0.8 + 0.045) / 0.8 – 1 = 0.0525
ESF equation from where section in algorithm
Effbaseline = 0.80, from application
∆Effee = 0.045, from application
180 × 712 × 0.05625

1,000
1,000,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 7.209 × 0.0314 × = 66.34 𝑘𝑊ℎ
3,412

See Appendix P.


References
Record of Revision
7-20-14 7/31/2020

HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (HVAC) – CONTROL
ADAPTIVE PHOTONIC CONTROL FOR HVAC FAN MOTORS

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of adaptive photonic control systems applied to HVAC fan
motors. Adaptive photonic control involves integration with an HVAC system’s motors including
PTACs, PTHPs, mini-splits, central air units and furnace distribution system supply fans. It enables
adaptive speed control for single-speed AC fan motors using sensors by continuously adapting to
end-user requirements. The controller uses photonic (opto-electronic) transducers and graphical
apertures that are integrated into intelligent, signal and vector processors enabling their use as
analog power controllers. 1314 , 1315 It provides an adaptive airflow solution by tracking air
temperature and optimizing operation based on climate conditions. Savings accrue not only from
the reduction of fan speed to match thermal delivery rates, but also through better air mixing in the
space and more effective heat transfer on the coils when the system is in operation. By adjusting
airflow to improve heat transfer, the controller improves whole system operating efficiency and
significantly reduces compressor run times.
This measure is only applicable to adaptive photonic control integrated into single-speed AC
induction fan motors rated up to 5 horsepower (HP) that do not have speed variability restriction
(e.g., via centrifugal speed switch). 1316 , 1317 Savings estimated per this methodology may be
claimed in retrofit applications as well as in new construction applications where electronically
commutated (EC) motors are not otherwise required by federal, state, local or municipal codes or
standards.
1,000
1,000
1,000
Note: kWhfan is only applicable if fan is set to on position during occupancy
1314
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, ‘A novel switched reluctance motor drive with optical graphical
programming technology’, 2000.
1315
ACHR News, Fan Coil Units Get VSD, 2005.
1316
San Diego Gas & Electric, Work Paper WPSDGENRHC1051, Revision 1, Sept 2016.
1317
Comfort-Plus DriveTM, Variable Speed Drive for Fan Coil Units, 2005.

1,000
1,000
where:
𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑊𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 + 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 + 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑊𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 + 𝑊𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
𝑊𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑉𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 × 𝐴𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 × 𝑃𝐹
𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 = 𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 × 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑟 × 𝑃𝐹
𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 = 𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 × 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 × 𝑃𝐹
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑓𝑎𝑛 = ℎ𝑟𝑠 − (ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 )
where:
kWhcooling = Annual electric energy savings in cooling mode
kWhheating = Annual electric energy savings in heating mode
kWhfan = Annual electric energy savings in fan only mode
Wcooling = Retrofitted system peak wattage in cooling mode
Wheating = Retrofitted system peak wattage in heating mode
Wevaporator = Retrofitted system evaporator wattage, based on nameplate specifications
Wcompressor = Retrofitted system compressor wattage, based on nameplate specifications
Wcondenser = Retrofitted system condenser wattage, based on nameplate specifications
Wblowerfan = Retrofitted system blower fan wattage, based on nameplate specifications
WElecHeat = Retrofitted system electric resistance heating element wattage, based on
nameplate specifications, where applicable
Vevaporator = Retrofitted system evaporator voltage
Vcompressor = Retrofitted system compressor voltage
Vcondenser = Retrofitted system condenser voltage
Aevaporator = Retrofitted system evaporator amps
Acompressor = Retrofitted system compressor amps

Acondenser = Retrofitted system condenser amps

PF = Power factor
kBtu/hin = Retrofitted system space heating input fuel rating (kBtu/h)
hrscooling = Retrofitted system annual operating hours in cooling mode
hrsheating = Retrofitted system annual operating hours in heating mode
hrsfan = Retrofitted system annual operating hours in fan only mode
hrs = Retrofitted system annual operating hours

WElecHeat From application.
Wblowerfan From application.
Vevaporator From application.
Vcompressor From application.
Vcondenser From application.
Aevaporator From application.
Acompressor From application.
Acondenser From application.
From Standard Handbook of Electrical Engineers1318 and
PF 0.85
the Engineering Toolbox.1319
kBtu/hin From application.
ESF 0.30 Average of multiple validation tests.1320
LF 0.9
hrscooling
section below.
hrsheating
section below.
hrs
section below.
CF 0.8

1318
Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers (McGraw-Hill Handbooks), Donald G. Fink, ISBN.
10: 0070220050 / ISBN 13: 9780070220058, Published by McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., 1999.
1319
Engineering Tool Box, Power Factors for Inductive Loads, https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-factor-
electrical-motor-d_654.html
1320
Aclectic, Adaptive Control Technologies, Validation Tests.
1321


The baseline condition is a standard efficiency, single-speed AC induction motor in a direct-drive
HVAC circulation (blower) fan application. Baseline wattage shall be derived from the nameplate
rating of existing system components.

The compliance condition is a single-speed AC induction motor with adaptive photonic control as
described in the Measure Description section above in a direct-drive HVAC circulation (blower)
fan application.
Operating Hours
Annual cooling mode, heating mode and total system operating hours shall be taken from
application. If the operating hours are unknown, look up cooling and heating mode operating hours
from Appendix G (i.e., cooling and heating equivalent load full hours shall be used as proxy values
for annual cooling mode and annual heating mode hours, respectively). If the circulation fan is set
to on during facility operation, look up total system operating hours by building type from the table
below.
Hours HVAC Hours HVAC

(hrs/yr) Int (hrs/yr) Int
Auto Related* 2,810 AR Manufacturing Facility 2,857 Ind
Automotive / Transportation
Service or Repair Facility 8,760 AR Medical Offices 3,748 SOfc
(24/7)
Bakery 2,854 FS Motion Picture Theatre 1,954 Asy
Multi-Family (Common
Banks 3,748 SOfc 7,665 MFL
Areas)
Church 1,955 Rel Museum 3,748 Asy
College – Cafeteria** 2,713 FS Nursing Homes 5,840 MFL
Office (General Office SOfc/
College – Classes 2,586 CC 3,013
Types)** LOfc
College - Dormitory 3,066 Dorm Parking Garages 4,368 None
Commercial Condos*** 3,100 SOfc Parking Garages (24/7) 7,717 None
Convenience Stores 6,376 SRet Parking Lots 4,100 None
Convention Center 1,954 Asy Penitentiary 5,477 MFL
Court House 3,748 LOfc Performing Arts Theatre 2,586 Asy
Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisure 4,182 FS Police / Fire Stations (24 Hr) 7,665 Asy
Dining: Cafeteria / Fast Food 6,456 FF Post Office 3,748 SRet
Dining: Family 4,182 FS Pump Stations 1,949 Ind
Entertainment 1,952 Asy Refrigerated Warehouse 2,602 RWH
Exercise Center 5,836 SRet Religious Building 1,955 Rel
Fast Food Restaurants 6,376 FF Restaurants 4,182 FS
SRet/
Fire Station (Unmanned) 1,953 Asy Retail 3,463
LRet

Hours HVAC Hours HVAC

(hrs/yr) Int (hrs/yr) Int
Food Stores 4,055 Gro School / University 2,187 Univ
Gymnasium 2,586 Asy Schools (Jr./Sr. High) 2,187 HS
Schools
Hospitals 7,674 Hosp 2,187 Sch
Schools
Hospitals / Health Care 7,666 Hosp 2,187 CC
Industrial - 1 Shift 2,857 Ind Small Services 3,750 SOfc
Industrial - 2 Shift 4,730 Ind Sports Arena 1,954 Asy
Industrial - 3 Shift 6,631 Ind Town Hall 3,748 Asy
Laundromats 4,056 SRet Transportation 6,456 Asy
Library 3,748 LOfc Warehouse (Not Refrigerated) 2,602 WH
Light Manufacturers** 2,613 Ind Waste Water Treatment Plant 6,631 Ind
Hotel/
Lodging (Hotels/Motels) 3,064 Workshop 3,750 Ind
Motel
Mall Concourse 4,833 LRet
*
**
***

An adaptive photonic control system is installed on a central air conditioning and 150 kBTU/h
gas heating system in a small office building. The system’s compressor is rated at 230 V and
28.2 amps, the condenser is rated at 230 V and 2.4 amps and the evaporator is rated at 230 V
and 12 amps. The blower fan has a rated wattage of 2.25 kW. The system runs in cooling
mode for approximately 600 hours per year, in heating mode for approximately 1,600 hours
per year and in fan only mode for approximately 1,500 hours per year, for a total of 3,700
hours annually. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000

1,000

Wcooling = Wevaporator + Wcompressor + Wcondensor = 2,346 + 5,513 + 469 = 8,328 W
Wcooling equation from ‘where’ section
Wevaporator = Vevaporator x Aevaporator x PF = 230 x 12 x 0.85 = 2,346 W
Wevaporator equation from ‘where’ section
Vevaporator from application
Aevaporator from application
PF from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Wcompressor = Vcompressor x Acompressor x PF = 230 x 28.2 x 0.85 = 5,513 W
Wcompressor equation from ‘where’ section
Vcompressor from application
Acompressor from application
Wcondensor = Vcondensor x Acondensor x PF = 230 x 2.4 x 0.85 = 469 W
Wcondensor equation from ‘where’ section
Vcondensor from application
Acondensor from application
ESF = 0.3 from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
LF = 0.9 from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
hrscooling = 600, from application
Wheating = 0, from application
Wblowerfan = 2,250, from application
hrsfan = hrs – (hrscooling + hrsheating) = 3,700 – (600 + 1,600) = 1,500
hrs from application
hrsheating from application
kBtu/hin = 150, from application
(8,328 × 0.3)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 1 × × 0.9 × 600 = 1,349.14 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
(2,250 × 0.3)
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = 1 × × 0.9 × 1,500 = 911.25 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1,349.14 + 0 + 911.25 = 2,260.39 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(8,328 × 0.3)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × 0.9 × 0.69 = 1.55 𝑘𝑊
1,000
(150 × 0.3)
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × × 0.9 × 1,600 = 64.8 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000


See Appendix P.

HVAC circulation fans with adaptive photonic controlled AC motors generate less heat during

HVAC circulation fan with adaptive photonic controlled AC motors generate less heat during
References
1. A novel switched reluctance motor drive with optical graphical programming technology,
Clarkson University, P. Pillay; Yaguang Liu; O.G. Durham, IEEE Transactions on
Industrial Electronics (Volume: 47, Issue: 4, Aug 2000).
Available from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/857972
2. Fan Coil Units Get VSD, The Air Conditioning, Heating, Refrigeration News, 2005.
Available from: https://www.achrnews.com/articles/95898-fan-coil-units-get-
vsd#:~:text=They%20are%20small%20air%2Dhandling,stacked%2C%20or%20installed%
20horizontally%20overhead.
3. Guest Room PTAC/PTHP Adaptive Climate Controller, San Diego Gas & Electric, Energy
Efficiency Engineering, Work Paper WPSDGENRHC1051, Revision 1, Sept 2016.
4. Comfort-Plus Drive™, Variable Speed Drive for Fan Coil Units, Carrier Corporation,
2005.
Available from: https://dms.hvacpartners.com/docs/1003/Public/08/05-02-0501-01.pdf
5. Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers (McGraw-Hill Handbooks), Donald G. Fink,
ISBN 10: 0070220050 / ISBN 13: 9780070220058, Published by McGraw-Hill Publishing
Co., 1999
6. Engineering Tool Box, Power Factors for Inductive Loads.
Available from: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/power-factor-electrical-motor-
d_654.html

7. Multiple Validation Tests of Adaptive Photonic Technology Controller at (1) Con Edison,
(2) Environmental Test Laboratory, (3) EME Consulting Engineers (NYSERDA), (4)
SUNY Oneonta, (5) Tim Garrison (Third Party), (6) McQuay Cooling Tests, (7) Purdue
University Tests and (8) Con Edison Tests by ERS.
Available from: https://efbb029c-a900-4301-9ab1-
40fc00b9e54e.filesusr.com/ugd/9cd7aa_186d85d0a69b4da4b69f07ea0d03eeff.pdf?index=t
rue
Record of Revision
12-20-7 12/31/2020
3-21-23 4/9/2021

ADVANCED RTU CONTROL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of advanced rooftop unit (RTU) control on a constant volume,
rooftop HVAC unit with a single-speed supply fan. Advanced RTU control consists of integrated
demand-controlled ventilation (DCV), a multi/variable-speed fan, and dual enthalpy control air-
side economizers. DCV systems determine occupancy using a CO2 sensor and reduce heating and
cooling loads by modulating outdoor air intake to meet ventilation requirements. Multi/variable-
speed fan motors reduce the fan speed for first stage cooling and ventilation. Air-side economizers
reduce mechanical cooling requirements by supplying outside air to the space when the outside air
meets conditions deemed suitable for cooling.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐶𝑉 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = ℎ𝑝 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑓𝑎𝑛 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝑆𝐹 ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ 𝑆𝐹 ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐶𝑉 = ×( ) + ×( ) × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
1,000 𝑘𝑆𝐹 𝐷𝐶𝑉,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙 1,000 𝑘𝑆𝐹 𝐷𝐶𝑉,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛 = 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/ton)𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛
∆𝑘𝑊 = ℎ𝑝 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑓𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝐹
𝑆𝐹 ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × ( ) × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
1,000 𝑘𝑆𝐹 𝐷𝐶𝑉
where:
ΔkWhfan = Annual electricity energy savings resulting from supply fan control
ΔkWhDCV = Annual electricity energy savings resulting from DCV
ΔkWhEcon = Annual electricity energy savings resulting from economizer
hp = Horsepower of RTU supply fan
ESFfan = Energy savings factor for supply fan control (kWh/hp/hour)
hrs = Annual operating hours of RTU supply fan
SF = Total square footage of the conditioned space impacted by the measure
(ΔkWh/kSF)DCV,cool = Energy savings factor for cooling (kWh/1,000 ft2)

(ΔkWh/kSF)DCV,heat = Energy savings factor for electric heating (kWh/1,000 ft2)

FElecHeat = Electric heating factor, used to account for the presence or absence of an
tons = Tons of air conditioning supplied by RTU, based on nameplate data
(ΔkWh/ton)Econ = Annual electric energy savings per ton of cooling
(ΔMMBtu/kSF)DCV = Energy savings factor for heating (MMBtu/1,000 ft2)
FFuelHeat = Fuel heating factor, used to account for the presence or absence of a fossil
fuel heating system
1,000 = Conversion to 1,000 ft2

ESFfan 0.580 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.1322
hrs Lookup based on building type in Appendix A.
Lookup from Electric Cooling Savings
(ΔkWh/kSF)DCV,cool Associated DCV table below based on location
and building type.
Lookup from Electric Heating Savings with Heat
Pump or Electric Heating Savings with Electric
(ΔkWh/kSF)DCV,heat Resistance table below depending on electric
heating type from application, based on location
and building type.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is electrically
FElecHeat
(ΔkWh/ton)Econ
the Air Side Economizer table in Appendix J.
Lookup from Fuel Savings Associated with DCV
(ΔMMBtu/kSF)DCV
table below based on location and building type.
Use a value of 1.0 if the building is fossil fuel
FFuelHeat
CF 0.8
Unit energy savings associated with operation of an air-side economizer were calculated from a
DOE-2.2 simulation of a series of prototypical small commercial buildings. The prototype building
characteristics are described in Appendix A. The unit energy savings by building type and city are
shown in Appendix J.
1322
Unweighted average of kWh/hp/hour fan savings across all test cases in Advanced Rooftop Control (ARC)
Retrofit: Field-Test Results, PNNL22656, Table 10: TMY weather normalized annual savings for all units. Fan
Energy Savings (kWh) is divided by RTU Fan Power (hp) and Annual RTU Running Time (hr) to determine Energy
Savings Factor for supply fan controls (kWh/hp/hr).

Electric Cooling Savings Associated with DCV (ΔkWh/kSF)1323

(kWh/kSF)DCV,cool
Building Type Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
Office - Low-rise
237 134 227 136 369 281 218
(1 to 3 Stories)
Office - Mid-rise
187 105 179 107 291 222 171
(4 to 11 Stories)
Office - High-rise
222 126 213 128 346 264 203
(12+ Stories)
Religious Building 638 362 613 367 997 760 587
Restaurant 418 236 401 240 652 496 384
Retail - Department
322 182 309 184 502 382 296
Store
Retail - Strip Mall 223 126 214 128 348 265 205
Convenience Store 292 166 281 168 456 347 269
Elementary School 300 171 288 172 469 357 276
High School 294 167 282 169 459 349 270
College/ University 349 197 334 201 545 414 320
Healthcare Clinic 290 164 278 167 453 345 267
Lodging
335 190 321 192 522 398 308
(Hotel/Motel)
Manufacturing 144 82 139 83 226 172 133
Special Assembly
476 270 456 273 742 566 437
Auditorium
Other 315 179 303 181 492 375 290
Enclosed Parking
757 429 727 436 1182 900 696
Garage
Electric Heating Savings with Heat Pump Associated with DCV (ΔkWh/kSF)1324
(kWh/kSF)DCV,heat
Office - Low-rise
206 234 207 261 147 201 213
(1 to 3 Stories)
Office - Mid-rise
138 158 140 175 99 135 143
(4 to 11 Stories)
Office - High-rise
186 211 187 235 133 181 192
(12+ Stories)
Religious Building 1,339 1,521 1,348 1,698 958 1,308 1,382
Restaurant 967 1,097 973 1,226 691 943 998
Retail - Department
331 375 332 419 236 322 341
Store
High School 561 637 564 710 401 548 578
College/ University 1,120 1,272 1,127 1,419 801 1,093 1,156
1323
Deemed savings calculated based on IL TRM values for Chicago, adjusted by the ratio of Cooling Degree Days
for each listed NY city and Chicago, based on NCEI 1991 – 2020 Climate Normals using base 65º balance point.
1324
Deemed savings calculated based on IL TRM values for Chicago, adjusted by the ratio of Heating Degree Days
for each listed NY city and Chicago, based on NCEI 1991 – 2020 Climate Normals using base 65º balance point.

(kWh/kSF)DCV,heat
Lodging
185 210 186 234 133 180 191
(Hotel/Motel)
Manufacturing 114 130 115 145 82 112 119
Special Assembly
1,572 1,785 1,582 1,992 1,123 1,534 1,623
Auditorium
Other 538 611 541 682 384 525 555
Electric Heating Savings with Electric Resistance Associated with DCV (ΔkWh/kSF)1325
(kWh/kSF)DCV,heat
Office - Low-rise
618 702 622 783 442 603 638
(1 to 3 Stories)
Office - Mid-rise
415 472 418 526 296 406 428
(4 to 11 Stories)
Office - High-rise
557 633 560 705 398 544 574
(12+ Stories)
Religious Building 4,018 4,564 4,045 5,094 2,873 3,922 4,148
Restaurant 2,900 3,293 2,919 3,676 2,073 2,831 2,994
Retail - Department
992 1,127 998 1,257 709 968 1,023
Store
Elementary School 1,723 1,958 1,735 2,184 1,233 1,682 1,779
High School 1,681 1,909 1,692 2,131 1,202 1,641 1,735
College/ University 3,357 3,814 3,380 4,255 2,400 3,277 3,466
Healthcare Clinic 1,194 1,356 1,202 1,513 853 1,166 1,232
Lodging
554 629 557 702 396 541 572
(Hotel/Motel)
Manufacturing 344 391 347 436 247 336 356
Special Assembly
4,714 5,354 4,745 5,975 3,370 4,601 4,866
Auditorium
Other 1,614 1,833 1,624 2,045 1,154 1,575 1,666
Fuel Savings Associated with DCV (ΔMMBtu/kSF)1326

(MMBtu/kSF)DCV
Office - Low-rise
2.6 2.9 2.6 3.3 1.9 2.5 2.7
(1 to 3 Stories)
Office - Mid-rise
1.8 2.0 1.8 2.3 1.3 1.8 1.9
(4 to 11 Stories)
Office - High-rise
2.4 2.7 2.4 3.1 1.8 2.4 2.5
(12+ Stories)
Religious Building 17.2 19.5 17.3 21.8 12.3 16.7 17.7
Restaurant 12.4 14.1 12.4 15.7 8.9 12.0 12.8
Retail - Department
4.2 4.8 4.3 5.3 3.0 4.1 4.4
Store
Retail - Strip Mall 2.9 3.2 2.8 3.5 2.0 2.7 2.9
Convenience Store 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.7 1.5 2.1 2.2
1325
Ibid.
1326
Ibid.

(MMBtu/kSF)DCV
Elementary School 7.3 8.3 7.4 9.3 5.3 7.2 7.6
High School 7.2 8.1 7.2 9.1 5.1 7.0 7.3
College/ University 14.4 16.3 14.4 18.2 10.2 14.0 14.8
Healthcare Clinic 5.2 5.8 5.1 6.5 3.7 5.0 5.3
Lodging
2.3 2.6 2.3 3.0 1.7 2.3 2.4
(Hotel/Motel)
Manufacturing 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.1 1.5 1.6
Special Assembly
20.1 22.8 20.3 25.5 14.3 19.6 20.8
Auditorium
Other 6.9 7.7 6.9 8.7 4.9 6.7 7.0


The baseline case for this measure is a single zone, packaged rooftop HVAC unit with a single
speed fan, and no occupancy-based ventilation or dual enthalpy economizer controls.

The compliance case for this measure is the installation of an advanced rooftop controller
consisting of a DCV system, multi or variable speed supply fan, and a dual enthalpy control air-
side economizer on a single zone, packaged rooftop HVAC unit.
The efficient condition must comply with all applicable provisions of federal, state, local and
municipal mechanical/ventilation and construction code, including but not limited to section
C403.2.6.1 of ECCCNYS and section 402 of NYS Mechanical Code.
Operating Hours
HVAC system operating hours are embedded into the deemed savings shown in Appendix J and

An advanced rooftop control system is installed on a 25 ton constant volume, rooftop HVAC
unit with a single-speed supply fan at 10,000 square foot small office building located near
Albany. The AC fan motor has a rated horsepower of 1 hp and is estimated to run
approximately 3,500 hours per year. The building is gas-heated. Annual Electric Energy
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐶𝑉 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛
1327

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = ℎ𝑝 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑓𝑎𝑛 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝑓𝑡 2 ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ 𝑓𝑡 2 ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐶𝑉 = ×( ) + × ( ) × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
1,000 1000 𝑓𝑡 2 𝐷𝐶𝑉,𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙 1,000 1000 𝑓𝑡 2 𝐷𝐶𝑉,ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛 = 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/ton)𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛
∆𝑘𝑊 = ℎ𝑝 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑓𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝐹
𝑓𝑡 2 ∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × ( ) × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
1,000 1000 𝑓𝑡 2 𝐷𝐶𝑉
ESFfan = 0.580, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ft2 = 10,000, from application
(∆kWh/1000ft2)DCV,cool = 237, from Electric Cooling Savings Associated with DCV table
based on location and building type from application
(∆kWh/1000ft2)DCV,heat = N/A
Tons = 25, from application
(∆kWh/ton)Econ = 202, from Appendix J based on location and building type from application
(∆MMBtu/1000ft2)DCV = 2.6, from Fuel Savings Associated with DCV table based on location
and building type from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = 1 × 0.580 × 3,500 = 2,030 𝑘𝑊ℎ
10,000 10,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐷𝐶𝑉 = × 237 + × 𝑁/𝐴 × 0 = 2,370 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑛 = 25 × 202 = 5,050 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 2,030 + 2,370 + 5,050 = 9,450 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 0.58 × 0.8 = 0.46 𝑘𝑊
10,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 2.6 × 1 = 26 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000


See Appendix P.


References
1. ECCCNYS 2020; C403.2.2 Ventilation.
2. NYSMC 2020 402 Natural Ventilation.
3. Advanced Rooftop Control (ARC) Retrofit: Field-Test Results, PNNL22656. U.S.
Department of Energy, July 2013.
Available from:
https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-22656.pdf
4. ΔkWh/kSF and ΔMMBtu/kSF factors were calculated from the IL TRM Version 9.0,
September 25, 2020, values of Chicago by creating a ratio of Cooling/Heating Degree
Days between the NY weather cities and Chicago CDD/HDD and multiplying by the
Chicago SFcooling/SFheating respectively.
Available from: https://www.ilsag.info/wp-content/uploads/IL-
TRM_Effective_010121_v9.0_Vol_2_C_and_I_09252020_Final.pdf
Record of Revision
7-20-13 7/31/2020
7-21-16 8/30/2021

DEMAND CONTROL VENTILATION (DCV)

Measure Description
Demand control ventilation systems have the capability to automatically reduce the outdoor air
intake below design rates when occupancy of spaces served by the system is less than design
occupancy. Typically, this is controlled by a carbon dioxide sensor, occupancy sensor or turnstile
counter. Demand control ventilation systems save energy by reducing the amount of outside air
which requires heating or cooling.
This measure assumes a demand control ventilation system with CO2 sensors will be added to an
existing HVAC system with fossil fuel heating that previously had no DCV system or ventilation
heat recovery equipment installed. The as-built condition must comply with all applicable
provisions of federal, state, local and municipal mechanical/ventilation and construction code,
including but not limited to section C403.7.1 of ECCCNYS and section 402 of NYS Mechanical
Code (NYSMC). Deemed savings factors associated with the heating side of heat pumps are under
development and will be included in a future revision.
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
where:
SF = Total square footage of the conditioned space impacted by the measure
ESFcooling = Energy savings factor for cooling (kWh/1,000 ft2)
ESFheating = Energy savings factor for heating (MMBtu/1,000 ft2)
1,000 = Conversion to 1,000 ft2



Lookup from ESFcooling table below based on location and
ESFcooling
building type.
Lookup from ESFheating table below based on location and
ESFheating
building type.
ESFcooling1328
kWh/kSF
Office - Low-rise
237 134 227 136 369 281 218
(1 to 3 Stories)
Office - Mid-rise
187 105 179 107 291 222 171
(4 to 11 Stories)
Office - High-rise
222 126 213 128 346 264 203
(12+ Stories)
Religious Building 638 362 613 367 997 760 587
Restaurant 418 236 401 240 652 496 384
Retail - Department
322 182 309 184 502 382 296
Store
High School 294 167 282 169 459 349 270
College/ University 349 197 334 201 545 414 320
Lodging
335 190 321 192 522 398 308
(Hotel/Motel)
Manufacturing 144 82 139 83 226 172 133
Special Assembly
476 270 456 273 742 566 437
Auditorium
Other 315 179 303 181 492 375 290
ESFheating1329
MMBtu/kSF
Office - Low-rise
2.6 2.9 2.6 3.3 1.9 2.5 2.7
(1 to 3 Stories)
Office - Mid-rise
1.8 2.0 1.8 2.3 1.3 1.8 1.9
(4 to 11 Stories)
Office - High-rise
2.4 2.7 2.4 3.1 1.8 2.4 2.5
(12+ Stories)
Religious Building 17.2 19.5 17.3 21.8 12.3 16.7 17.7
Restaurant 12.4 14.1 12.4 15.7 8.9 12.0 12.8
Retail - Department
4.2 4.8 4.3 5.3 3.0 4.1 4.4
Store
Retail - Strip Mall 2.9 3.2 2.8 3.5 2.0 2.7 2.9
Convenience Store 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.7 1.5 2.1 2.2
1328
Deemed savings calculated based on IL TRM values for Chicago, adjusted by the ratio of Cooling Degree Days
for each listed NY city and Chicago.
1329
Deemed savings calculated based on IL TRM values for Chicago, adjusted by the ratio of Heating Degree Days
for each listed NY city and Chicago.

MMBtu/kSF
Elementary School 7.3 8.3 7.4 9.3 5.3 7.2 7.6
High School 7.2 8.1 7.2 9.1 5.1 7.0 7.3
College/ University 14.4 16.3 14.4 18.2 10.2 14.0 14.8
Healthcare Clinic 5.2 5.8 5.1 6.5 3.7 5.0 5.3
Lodging
2.3 2.6 2.3 3.0 1.7 2.3 2.4
(Hotel/Motel)
Manufacturing 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.1 1.5 1.6
Special Assembly
20.1 22.8 20.3 25.5 14.3 19.6 20.8
Auditorium
Other 6.9 7.7 6.9 8.7 4.9 6.7 7.0


The baseline system is an existing fossil fuel heated return air system with no demand control
ventilation or ventilation heat recovery equipment installed.

The compliance condition is a DCV system added to the return air system to supply air based on
occupancy demands.
Operating Hours
N/A

Demand control ventilation is installed in a 10,000 SF auditorium located near Albany.
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
𝑆𝐹
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝐸𝑆𝐹ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
1,000
SF = 10,000 from application.

ESFcooling = 476, from ESFcooling table based on location and building type from application
ESFheating = 20.1, from ESFheating table based on location and building type from application
10,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 476 = 4,760 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000

10,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 20.1 = 201 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. ECCCNYS 2020 C403.7 Ventilation.
2. NYSMC 2020 402 Natural Ventilation.
3. ESFcooling and ESFheating factors were calculated from the IL TRM Version 6.0, February
8, 2017, values of Chicago by creating a ratio of Cooling/Heating Degree Days between
the NY weather cities and Chicago CDD/HDD and multiplying by the Chicago
SFcooling/SFheating respectively.
Available from: http://www.ilsag.info/il_trm_version_6.html
Record of Revision
6-17-15 6/30/2017
6-18-11 6/26/2018

ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS) - GUEST ROOM

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of guest room energy management systems that control
HVAC units for individual hotel and motel rooms based upon occupancy sensors, passive infrared
or key cards that indicate room occupancy. Sensors controlled by a networked front desk system
must also have occupancy sensors in each guest room. 1330 During unoccupied periods 1331 , the
default setting for controlled units must differ from the operating set point by at least five degrees
Fahrenheit or shut the unit fan and heating/cooling off completely. The existing (baseline) HVAC
system must be manually controlled within each guest room.
The control system may also be tied into other electric loads, such as lighting and plug loads, to
shut them off when occupancy is not sensed, however energy savings of additional equipment is
not considered under this measure.
(𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐶𝑜𝑜𝑙 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
(𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅
(𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
where:
1330
A networked system controlled from the front desk is defined as a system capable of identifying reserved rooms
according to a timed schedule and controlling HVAC in each guest room separately as defined by NYC Local Law
91, section C202 General Definitions.
1331
An unoccupied room is defined as a guest room that has been continuously unoccupied for at least 30 minutes.

units = Number of guest rooms with energy management systems installed under
the program
(BTU/h)ElecCool/unit = Nominal cooling capacity of the electric cooling system per guest room
(BTU/h)ElecHeat/unit = Nominal heating capacity of the electric heating system per guest room
(BTU/h)FuelHeat/unit = Nominal heating capacity of the fossil fuel heating system per guest
room
EffElecCool = Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season,
BTU/watt-hour, using either SEER (<65,000 BTU/h) or IEER
(>65,000BTU/h)
EffElecHeat = Seasonal average energy efficiency of electric heating equipment.
Heating Seasonal Performance Factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating
output (supply heat) in BTU (including resistance heating) during the
heating season / total electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour);
if equipment efficiency is reported in COP, convert to HSPF using the
equivalency HSPF = COP x 3.412
EER = Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions in BTU/watt-hour.
Measurement of the cooling capacity for a unit in BTU/h divided by the
connected electric power of the unit in watts (at AHRI standard rating
conditions)
ESF = Energy savings factor attributable to guest room EMS
1,000,000 = Conversion factor one MMBtu is equal to 1,000,000 BTU

From application. If no electric cooling system is present,
(BTU/h)ElecCool/unit
set equal to 0.
From application. If no electric heating system is present,
(BTU/h)ElecHeat/unit
set equal to 0.
From application. If no fossil fuel heating system is
(BTU/h)FuelHeat/unit
present, set equal to 0.
EffElecCool nameplate rating metric of existing equipment. For
equipment rated in SEER2, SEER2 rating shall be used.
EffElecHeat equipment is rated in COP, convert to HSPF using the
equivalency HPSF = COP x 3.412. For equipment rated
in HSPF2, HSPF2 rating shall be used.


From application. Ec, Et, or AFUE shall be used, based
EffFuelHeat
rating shall be used. If unknown, baseline EER is
EER established as follows1332:
𝐸𝐸𝑅 = (1.12 × EffElecCool) − (0.02 × EffElecCool2)

EFLHcooling motel/hotel and location from Appendix G in Operating
EFLHheating motel/hotel and location from Appendix G in Operating
ESF 18.4% Based on PNNL Demonstration Study.1333
CF 0.8

The prescribed coincidence factor for the coincidence factor is 0.8.1334

The baseline is a hotel or motel guest room with manual heating/cooling temperature set point,
with or without instruction to the housekeeping staff to manually setback the temperature.

The compliance condition is a hotel or motel guest room with a guest room energy management
system that automatically adjusts room temperature by at least 5 degrees of operating set point
based on room occupancy. Occupancy is detected by occupancy sensors or keycard sensors that
automate temperature setback. Networked front desk controlled systems must also include
occupancy sensors in guest rooms. Savings are based on the guest room energy management
system’s ability to automatically adjust the guest room’s set temperature or reduce the cycle time
of the HVAC unit for various occupancy modes.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall reflect equivalent full load hours heating and cooling based on location and
type of facility as found in Appendix G.
1332
1333
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Sullivan, G.P., and J. Blanchard). Guest Room HVAC Occupancy-
Based Control Technology Demonstration. p. 1. September 2012.
1334
PA Consulting Group. Focus on Energy Evaluation, Business Programs: Deemed Savings Manual V1.0. Section
4.5.7 Rooftop A/C. March 22, 2010. https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/
bpdeemedsavingsmanuav10_evaluationreport.pdf


A motel in Buffalo with 100 units is equipped with an Energy Management System. Each room
has a 12,000 BTU/h PTAC equipped with water coils providing heating from a central gas-fired
boiler with 15 SEER and 0.8 AFUE. Prior to EMS, the housekeeping staff was instructed to
setback room temperatures in unoccupied rooms. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer
below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
(𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 × 𝐸𝐸𝑅
(𝐵𝑇𝑈⁄ℎ)𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 /𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡

(BTU/h)ElecCool = 12,000 BTU/h, from application
(BTU/h)FuelHeat = 12,000 BTU/h, from application
EffElecCool = 15 SEER, from application
EffFuelHeat = 0.80 AFUE, from application
EER = (1.12 x 15) – (0.02 x 152) = 12.3, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
EFLHcooling = 1,318 hours, from Appendix G
EFLHheating = 765 hours, from Appendix G
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 100 × (194) = 19,400 𝑘𝑊ℎ
12,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = × 1,318 × 0.184 = 194 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 × 15
12,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = 100 × × 0.184 × 0.8 = 14.36 𝑘𝑊
1,000 × 12.3

12,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 100 × × 765 × 0.184 = 211.14 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 × 0.8

See Appendix P.


Guest room energy management systems may be connected to lighting and plug loads in addition
to HVAC systems. Shutting off power to lights and plug loads may provide additional electricity
savings. These potential savings are not considered in this measure.
References
1. Local Laws of the City of New York for the year 2016, No. 91, 403.2.18 Automatic
control of HVAC in hotel/motel guest rooms.
Available from: https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/buildings/local_laws/ll91of2016.pdf
Normals.
3. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Sullivan, G.P., and J. Blanchard). Guest
Room HVAC Occupancy-Based Control Technology Demonstration. p. 1. September
2012.
Available from:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/alliances/creea_guest_roo
m_occupancy-based_controls_report.pdf
4. 2015 International Energy Conservation Code. Table C403.2.3(3). 2015.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/IECC2015/chapter-4-ce-
5. PA Consulting Group. Focus on Energy Evaluation, Business Programs: Deemed
Savings Manual V1.0. Section 4.5.7 Rooftop A/C. March 22, 2010.
Available from: https://s3.us-east-
1.amazonaws.com/focusonenergy/staging/bpdeemedsavingsmanuav10_evaluationrep
ort.pdf

Record of Revision
12-18-14 12/28/2018
3-23-17 3/31/2023
6-23-12 7/14/2023

OUTDOOR TEMPERATURE SETBACK CONTROL FOR HYDRONIC BOILER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of outdoor temperature setback control for commercial
building fossil fuel-fired boilers. Outdoor air setback control adjusts the hot water set point
temperature of the boiler in response to outdoor air temperature. This measure is only applicable
to retrofit of existing boilers in space heating systems. One outdoor temperature setback measure
may be applied to each boiler.
This measure is not applicable to process boilers or boilers that serve DHW through an indirect
system or boiler coil. Additionally, this measure is not applicable for boilers where hot water
temperature is maintained regardless of heating load.
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛
1,000
where:
kBTU/hin = Fuel input rating (kBTU/h) of the controlled boiler

Look up based on building type, vintage and
EFLHheating
location in Appendix G.


1335
ESF 0.05 GDS Associates, Inc.


The baseline condition is an existing commercial boiler without outdoor temperature setback
control. For LMI applications, existing condition baseline shall be established based on nameplate

The compliance condition is an existing commercial boiler equipped with outdoor temperature
setback control.
Operating Hours
multi-family and other commercial buildings. Operating hour assumptions for the prototypical
building models are described in Appendix A. The heating EFLH for C&I buildings in NY by
location, building type and vintage are tabulated in Appendix G.

Outdoor temperature setback control is installed on a 500 kBTUh hydronic boiler in an
assembly building located near Albany. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ𝑖𝑛
1,000

500
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × × 917 × 0.05 = 22.93 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000
GDS Associates, Inc. (2009). Natural Gas Energy Efficiency Potential in Massachusetts. Prepared for
1335
GasNetworks, Table 6-4: Commercial Measure Characteristics; Energy Solutions Center.


See Appendix P.


Lower boiler set point temperatures may cause hot water circulators to run longer cycles. This
impact is anticipated to be minor and is not quantified in this measure.
References
1. GDS Associates, Inc. (2009). Natural Gas Energy Efficiency Potential in Massachusetts.
Prepared for GasNetworks.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/5_Natural-Gas-EE-Potenial-in-
MA.pdf
2. Boiler Reset Control. Energy Solutions Center.
Available from: http://cleanboiler.org/learn-about/boiler-efficiency-
improvement/efficiency-index/boiler-reset-control/
Record of Revision
12-18-15 12/28/2018

PNEUMATIC SYSTEM TO DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROL (DDC) SYSTEM UPGRADE

Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of a pneumatic building HVAC control system with a new
direct digital control (DDC) system. Pneumatic systems utilize compressed air as a medium of
control for HVAC systems. DDC systems communicate electronically to achieve precise
adjustments to the building HVAC system to maximize efficiency. The elimination of the air
compressor and air dryer represent a significant improvement in load and demand reduction over
the baseline condition.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎcomp + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎdryer
∆𝑘𝑊ℎcomp = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
× {[𝐿𝐹comp × (1 + 𝐴𝑖𝑟loss) × (𝐴𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑟/100) × (𝑘𝑊/100𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
× ℎ𝑟𝑠]
+ [𝐿𝐹idle × (𝑘𝑊comp, Fan Motor + 𝑘𝑊comp, Compressor Motor) × (1 − 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒) × ℎ𝑟𝑠]}
∆𝑘𝑊ℎdryer = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝐹dryer × [(ℎ𝑝dryer, Fan Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Fan Motor)

+ (ℎ𝑝dryer, Compressor Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Compressor Motor)] × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = ∆𝑘𝑊comp + ∆𝑘𝑊dryer
∆𝑘𝑊comp = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝐹comp × (𝐴𝐶𝐹𝑀/100) × (1 + 𝐴𝑖𝑟loss) × (𝑘𝑊/100𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐶𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊dryer = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × [(ℎ𝑝dryer, Fan Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Fan Motor)

+ (ℎ𝑝dryer, Compressor Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Compressor Motor)] × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × 𝐶𝐹
= (∆𝑘𝑊ℎdryer/ℎ𝑟𝑠) × 𝐶𝐹
Note: to determine specific power from existing air compressor if cut sheet is unavailable1336
𝑘𝑊/100𝐶𝐹𝑀 = [(ℎ𝑝comp, Fan Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓comp, Fan Motor)

+ (ℎ𝑝comp, Compressor Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓comp, Compressor Motor)]/(𝐴𝐶𝐹𝑀/100)
where:
1336
How to Calculate Compressed Air Savings, Design World, January 2013.


comp = Property of air compressor
dryer = Property of air dryer
Compressor Motor = Property of compressor motor
Fan Motor = Property of fan motor
idle = Idle time
units = Number of units removed under the program
LF = Load factor
Airloss = Air loss percentage in the compressed air line
ACFMr = Actual Cubic Feet per Minute required
kW/100CFM = Specific Power
Cycle = Percent of time the compressor is operating
kW = Rated kilowatts
hp = Horsepower
Eff = Motor efficiency
ACFM = Actual Cubic feet per Minute delivered by the air compressor
0.746 = Conversion Factor (1 bhp = 0.746 kW)
100 = Conversion factor, converts CFM to 100CFM

LFcomp 0.80 Default Value1337
LFdryer 0.80 Default Value1338
LFidle 0.254 Default Value1339
Airloss 0.10 Default Value1340
ACFMr From Application
ACFM From Application
kW/100CFM From Application
Cycle 0.50 Default Value
Hrs From Application
kWcomp, Fan Motor From Application
kWdryer, Compressor Motor From Application
hpdryer, Fan Motor From Application
hpdryer, Compressor Motor From Application
hpcomp, Fan Motor From Application
hpcomp, Compressor Motor From Application
1337
CAGI’s Compressed Air and Gas Handbook, Chapter 4, Table 4.4.
1338
Ibid.
1339
How to Calculate Compressed Air Savings, Design World, January 2013. Average % of Total Package kW Zero
Flow (Idle) against Total Package kW Full Flow in Figure 3.
1340
CAGI’s Technical Briefing: Sizing Compressed Air Equipment.


Effdryer, Fan Motor From Application
Effdryer, Compressor Motor From Application
Effcomp, Fan Motor From Application
Effcomp, Compressor Motor From Application
CF 0.8

Baseline Efficiencies from which Energy Savings are calculated

The baseline condition is an existing operational pneumatic building HVAC control system with
an air compressor and a refrigerated air dryer. If the existing system does not include a
refrigerated air dryer, the savings associated with the air dryer must be set equal to zero. The
existing compressor can be a single or multi stage reciprocating, rotary screw or variable
displacement compressor with load/unload controls and blow down capability.
Compliance Efficiency from which Incentives are calculated

The compliance condition is a building HVAC control system using DDC technology.
Operating Hours
The operating hours should reflect the building HVAC system operating hours and shall be
defined by the application.

A direct digital control is installed in the place of a pneumatic system designed to run an
HVAC system at a required 150 CFM and a specific power of 22.6 kW/100 in an industrial
warehouse in Albany. The facility operates 2,920 hours a year with an actual air
compression of 101.6 CFM The manufacturers information for the pneumatic system shows
the compressor motor has a 2.4 hp fan powered by 20.1 kW at a 76% full load efficiency,
and a 75 hp compressor at a 96% efficiency. The pneumatic dryer has a 25 hp compressor
powered by .28 kW at a 93.4 full load efficiency, and a 10 hp fan at a 90.5 efficiency.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎcomp + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎdryer
∆𝑘𝑊ℎcomp = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
× {[𝐿𝐹comp × (1 + 𝐴𝑖𝑟loss) × (𝐴𝐶𝐹𝑀𝑟/100) × (𝑘𝑊/100𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
× ℎ𝑟𝑠]
+ [𝐿𝐹idle × (𝑘𝑊comp, Fan Motor + 𝑘𝑊comp, Compressor Motor) × (1 − 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒)
× ℎ𝑟𝑠]}
1341

∆𝑘𝑊ℎdryer = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝐹dryer × [(ℎ𝑝dryer, Fan Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Fan Motor)

+ (ℎ𝑝dryer, Compressor Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Compressor Motor)] × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = ∆𝑘𝑊comp + ∆𝑘𝑊dryer
∆𝑘𝑊comp = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝐹comp × (𝐴𝐶𝐹𝑀/100) × (1 + 𝐴𝑖𝑟loss) × (𝑘𝑊/100𝐶𝐹𝑀) × 𝐶𝐹
∆𝑘𝑊dryer = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝐹𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑒𝑟 × [(ℎ𝑝dryer, Fan Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Fan Motor)

+ (ℎ𝑝dryer, Compressor Motor × 0.746/𝐸𝑓𝑓dryer, Compressor Motor)] × 𝐶𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 × 𝐶𝐹
= (∆𝑘𝑊ℎdryer/ℎ𝑟𝑠) × 𝐶𝐹
LFcomp = 0.80, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

LFdryer = 0.80, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
LFidle = 0.254, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Airloss = 0.10, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
ACFMr = 150, from application
ACFM = 101.6, from application
kW/100CFM = 20.2, from application
hrs = 2,920. From application
Cycle = 0.50, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
kWcomp, Fan Motor = 20.1, from application
kWdryer, Compressor Motor = 0.58, from application
hpdryer, Fan Motor = 10, from application
hpdryer, Compressor Motor = 25, from application
hpcomp, Fan Motor = 2.4, from application
hpcomp, Compressor Motor = 75, from application
Effdryer, Fan Motor = 0.905, from application
Effdryer, Compressor Motor = 0.934, from application
Effcomp, Fan Motor = 0.76, from application
Effcomp, Compressor Motor = 0.96, from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎcomp = 1
150
× {[0.80 × (1 + 0.10) × ( ) × 20.2 × 0.50 × 2,920]
100
+ [0.80 × (20.1 + 0.58) × (1 − 0.50) × 2,920]} = 63,083.68
0.746 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎdryer = 1 × 0.80 × [(10 × ) + (25 × )] × 0.50 × 2,920 = 6.61
0.905 0.934
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 63,083.68 + 6.61 = 63,093.29 𝑘𝑊ℎ

∆𝑘𝑊comp = 1 × 0.80 × 101.6 × (1 + 0.10) × 20.2 × 0.80 = 1,444.83
0.746 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊dryer = 1 × 0.80 × [(10 × ) + (25 × )] × 0.50 × 0.8 = 12.78
0.905 0.934
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1,444.83 + 12.78 = 1,457.61 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
1. How to Calculate Compressed Air Savings, by Ron Marshall for Design World Online,
January 12, 2013.
Available from: https://www.designworldonline.com/how-to-calculate-compressed-air-
savings/
2. CAGI’s Compressed Air and Gas Handbook, Chapter 4.
Available from: https://www.cagi.org/pdfs/cagi_electhb_ch4.pdf
Record of Revisions
6-19-1 6/28/2019

STEAM TRAP – LOW PRESSURE SPACE HEATING

Measure Description
This measure covers the repair or replacement of leaking or blow-through steam traps in low-
pressure (≤15 psig) steam space heating applications on existing commercial steam systems served
by fossil fuel-fired boilers. Steam systems distribute heat from boilers to satisfy space heating
requirements. Steam distribution systems contain steam traps. Steam traps that fail open allow
excess steam to escape, thus increasing the amount of steam that must be generated to meet end-
use requirements. This measure is intended for the repair or replacement of steam traps failed open
only and requires the completion of a steam trap assessment to ensure the number of failed open
steam traps are properly quantified. This measure does not apply to municipal steam systems.
Energy savings from the installation of a stream trap monitoring system may not be claimed in
conjunction with the saving presented in this measure.
thermostatic), 2) mechanical and 3) thermodynamic.
𝛥𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑁/𝐴
𝛥𝑘𝑊 = 𝑁/𝐴
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4
where:

0.97
1,000,000 = Conversion from Btu to MMBtu (1,000,000 Btu/MMBtu)

∆Hvap
pressure (psig).
Eff
hrs From application. If unknown, use 2,525 as a default.1344
Condensate
Return: 0.36
No Condensate
Return: 1.00
psia
1342
2” March 8, 2017. Pg. 6.
1343
Ibid.
1344
ERS, “Two-Tier Steam Trap Savings Study”, April 26, 2018. Pg. 5. Applying a default of operating hours
results in conservative energy savings for circumstances when pressurized hours are unknown.
1345
Ibid, pg. 7.
1346
Ibid, pg. 17.


Assumes steam traps are failed open for 50% of annual
Fhrs 0.5
operating hours.

(psig) (Btu/lb)
0 970
1 968
2 966
3 964
4 962
5 961
6 959
7 957
8 956
9 954
10 953
11 951
12 950
13 948
14 947
15 946


The baseline condition is a leaking or blow-through steam trap on a low-pressure steam space
heating system.

The compliance condition is an intact (replaced or repaired) steam trap on a low-pressure steam
space heating system that has undergone a steam trap assessment. Replaced or repaired traps will
no longer leak or blow-through after installation.
1347
2” Table 4-7, March 8, 2017.
1348

Operating Hours
Annual pressurized hours shall be established based on actual operation when feasible. When
unknown, the default of 2,525 hours identified for low pressure steam trap operating conditions of
sample sites described in MA’s steam trap evaluation shall be used.1349

Four steam traps identified during a system survey as having failed open are replaced in a
commercial building with an 80% gas fired steam boiler with condensate return system. Steam
traps have 3/16” orifice diameter and the system has a steam gage pressure of 10 psi. The system
is pressurized an estimated 2,500 hours per year. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer
Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4

psia = psig + patm = 10 + 14.7 = 24.7
Fhrs = 0.5, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
application
𝜋
𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 60 × × 0.18752 × 24.70.97 × 0.7 × 0.37 = 9.626
4
953 2,500
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 4 × 9.626 × × × 0.5 × 0.36 = 20.6 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000,000
1349
ERS, “Two-Tier Steam Trap Savings Study”, April 26, 2018, pg. 5.


See Appendix P.


References
70308.pdf
2. ERS, “Two-Tier Steam Trap Savings Study”, April 26, 2018.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/MA-CIEC-Two-Tier-Steam-
Traps-Memo-FINAL.pdf
Including Data for the Liquid and Solid Phases, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1936).
Record of Revision
6-17-14 6/30/2017
3-20-10 3/30/2020
3-21-24 4/9//2021
12-21-18 1/28/2022

STEAM TRAP MONITORING SYSTEM – LOW PRESSURE SPACE HEATING

Measure Description
Many facilities that contain steam systems only perform steam trap surveys once a year. This can
result in significant steam loss if a steam trap actively fails open sometime between annual audits.
This measure covers the installation of automatic steam trap monitoring systems, which alert
maintenance personnel to failed steam traps, enabling rapid repair or replacement. Individual
sensors on steam traps can feed data to a hub that displays the status of each monitored steam trap.
Energy savings are based on elimination of steam trap losses occurring before the annual
maintenance inspection for leaking or blow-through steam traps. Annual maintenance audits are
expected to continue as usual post-implementation. Savings are calculated similarly to regular
steam trap replacement, but due to the presence of the monitoring software, this measure has longer
lifetime savings. This steam trap monitoring system measure considers the energy savings
resulting from the repair/replacement of steam traps throughout the lifetime of the monitoring
system, and additional energy savings from other methodologies may not be claimed.
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 × × × 𝐹ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐹𝐹𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑑 × 𝐹𝐶𝑅
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4
where:
units = Total number of steam traps connected to the monitoring system
Ffailed = The percentage of steam traps that fail annually


FCR = Condensate return factor, used to account for the proportion of energy lost that is
returned to the system via condensate line
0.97
1,000,000 = Conversion factor (BTU/MMBtu), one MMBtu equals 1,000,000 BTU

∆Hvap
pressure (psig).
Eff
hrs From application. If unknown, use 2,525 as a default.1352
From application, based upon historical data for facility, if
FFailed
unknown assume 0.15.1354,1355,1356
Assumes steam traps would fail for 50% of annual
Fhrs 0.5
operating hours without monitoring system.
Condensate
Return: 0.36
No Condensate
Return: 1.00
1350
2” March 8, 2017, pg. 6.
1351
Ibid.
1352
ERS, “Two-Tier Steam Trap Savings Study”, April 26, 2018. Pg. 5. Applying a default of operating hours
results in conservative energy savings for circumstances when pressurized hours are unknown.
1353
Ibid, pg. 7.
1354
Average annual failure rate based upon steam trap EUL of 6 years.
1355
Emerson whitepaper 00840-0200-4708, “Impact of failed steam traps on process plants”, Rev AA, April 2013,
pg. 4.
1356
U.S. DOE, Energy Tips: Steam, Inspect and Repair Steam Traps, Steam Tip Sheet #1, DOE/GO-102012-3401,
January 2012.
1357
Ibid, pg. 17.


psia

(psig) (Btu/lb)
0 970
1 968
2 966
3 964
4 962
5 961
6 959
7 957
8 956
9 954
10 953
11 951
12 950
13 948
14 947
15 946


The baseline condition is a steam distribution system without a steam trap monitoring system.

The compliance condition is a steam distribution system with a steam trap monitoring system.
1358
2” Table 4-7, March 8, 2017.
1359


A steam trap monitoring system is installed on a commercial gas low-pressure steam space
heating system. The system comprises 30 steam traps and has nameplate efficiency of 82% with
an installed condensate return system. Steam traps have 3/16" orifice diameter and the system
has a steam gage pressure of 10 psi. Traps are pressurized an estimated 2,500 hours per year.
Previous steam trap inspections at the site captured an annual failure rate of 20%. Annual
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4

Psia = psig + patm = 10 + 14.7 = 24.7
FDischarge 0.7, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Ffailed = 0.2, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
application
𝜋
𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 60 × × 0.18752 × 24.70.97 × 0.7 × 0.37 = 9.626
4
953 2,500
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 30 × 9.626 × × × 0.5 × 0.2 × 0.36 = 30.2 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.82 1,000,000
Operating Hours
Annual pressurized hours shall be established based on actual operation when feasible. When
unknown, the default of 2,525 hours identified for low pressure steam trap operating conditions of
sample sites described in MA’s steam trap evaluation shall be used.1360
1360
ERS, “Two-Tier Steam Trap Savings Study”, April 26, 2018, pg. 5.


See Appendix P.


References
70308.pdf
2. ERS, “Two-Tier Steam Trap Savings Study”, April 26, 2018.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/MA-CIEC-Two-Tier-Steam-
Traps-Memo-FINAL.pdf
Including Data for the Liquid and Solid Phases, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1936)
5. Emmerson, White Paper 00840-0200-4708, Rev AA, “Impact of failed steam traps on
process plants”, April 2013.
Available from: https://www.emerson.com/documents/automation/white-paper-impact-
of-failed-steam-traps-on-process-plants-rosemount-en-77018.pdf
6. US Department of Energy, Energy Tips: Steam, Inspect and Repair Steam Trap”, Steam
Tip Sheet #1, January 2012.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/05/f16/steam1_traps.pdf
Record of Revisions
7-20-15 7/31/2020
3-21-25 4/9/2021
12-21-19 1/28/2022

THERMOSTAT - WI-FI (COMMUNICATING )

Measure Description
This section covers Wi-Fi communicating thermostats applied to small commercial buildings with
fossil fuel-fired heat boilers or furnaces, electric heat pumps, air conditioners or electric resistance
heating. These communicating thermostats allow set point adjustment via a remote application.
To claim cooling savings, HVAC systems must have an air conditioner component or be a heat
pump system.
Annual Electric Energy Savings1361
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 1,000,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × {(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + [(∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × × × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 ]}
𝐶𝑂𝑃 3,412
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡
where:
kWh = Annual electricity energy savings
units = Number of thermostats installed under the program
(∆kWh/unit)cooling = Annual electric cooling savings per unit
(∆MMBtu/unit) = Annual fossil fuel savings per unit
electric or heat pump heating system
1361
The EffFuelHeat and 1,000,000 terms in the equation below are included to convert the evaluated heating savings,
which were reported in gas MMBtus, to electric heating savings in kWh for electrically heated buildings. Note that
the component of the algorithm containing these terms evaluates to zero for non-electrically heated buildings due to
the inclusion of the FElecHeat term.


Annual electric cooling savings per installed
(∆kWh/unit)cooling 104
thermostat, in kWh.1362
Annual fossil fuel savings per installed thermostat, in
(∆MMBtu/unit) 6.6
MMBtu.1363
EffFuelHeat From application. If unknown, use 0.8.1364
Assumed efficiency of electric heating system, based
Heat Pump: 2.4
on a COP of 1.0 for electric resistance heating and a
COP Electric Resistance:
minimally code compliant, 3-ton split system HP for
1.0
heat pumps.1365
FElecHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
FFuelHeat
Otherwise, use 0.0.
EFLHcooling
building type and location from Appendix G.
CF 0.8


The baseline efficiency is an HVAC system using fossil fuel and/or electricity to provide space
heating and cooling controlled by a non-Wi-Fi communicating programmable thermostat.

The compliance efficiency is an HVAC system using fossil fuel and/or electricity to provide space
heating and cooling controlled by a Wi-Fi communicating thermostat without behavioral learning
capability.
Operating Hours
HVAC system operating hours are embedded in the deemed savings values associated with Wi-Fi
communicating thermostats, which are based on metering results. Equipment cooling equivalent
full load hours shall be taken from the application. If unknown, default EFLH by facility type and
1362
Cadmus Group, Wi-Fi Programmable Controllable Thermostat Pilot Program Evaluation, September 2012, pg.
18.
1363
Ibid. pg. 12.
1364
1365
1366

location can be found in Appendix G.

Three Wi-Fi thermostat are installed in offices in an assembly building located near Albany.
The building is gas heated. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident
Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 1,000,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × {(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 + [(∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × × × 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 ]}
𝐶𝑂𝑃 3,412
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡) × 𝐹𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡

(∆kWh/unit)cooling =104, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
(∆MMBtu/unit) = 6.6, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
COP = N/A, based on heating source from application
FElecHeat = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on heating source from
application
FFuelHeat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on heating source from
application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 3 × {104 + [0]} = 312 𝑘𝑊ℎ
104
∆𝑘𝑊 = 3 × × 0.8 = 0.522 𝑘𝑊
478
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 3 × 6.6 × 1 = 19.8 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.



References
1. Cadmus Group, Inc. (September 2012), “Wi-Fi Programmable Controllable Thermostat
Pilot Program Evaluation”, prepared for The Electric and Gas Program Administrators
of Massachusetts.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/Wi-Fi-Programmable-
Controllable-Thermostat-Pilot-Program-Evaluation_Part-of-the-Massachusetts-2011-
Residential-Retrofit-Low-Income-Program-Area-Study.pdf
Operated Unitary and Applied Heat Pumps, Table C403.3.2(4): Warm-Air Furnaces And
Combination Warm-Air Furnaces/Air-Conditioning Units, Warm-Air Duct Furnaces And
Unit Heaters, Minimum Efficiency Requirements and C403.3.2(5) Minimum Efficiency
Requirements: Gas- and Oil-Fired Boilers.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/public/document/IECC2015NY-1/chapter-4-
cecommercial-energy-efficiency
Record of Revision
1-16-5 12/31/2015
9-17-4 9/30/2017
7-20-16 7/31/2020
3-23-18 3/31/2023
6-23-13 7/14/2023

THERMOSTATIC RADIATOR VALVE (TRV)

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs) on one- and two-pipe
space heating steam systems in commercial facilities. TRVs are self-regulating valves that require
no ancillary power and provide local control of room air temperature by modulating the flow of
steam into radiators. In one-pipe steam systems, this is accomplished by installing TRVs on
radiator air vents. When in the closed position, the TRV prevents the venting of air, thereby
restricting the flow of steam into the radiator. In two-pipe systems, TRVs are installed on the
radiator inlets, preventing the intake of steam when closed. This measure is not applicable to
district or municipal steam systems.
TRVs demonstrate the greatest potential for energy savings and financial viability when
overheating is exhibited in zones throughout the system and when combined with other steam
system best practices improvements. Therefore, prioritization of this measure is recommended in
zones that are overheated by 3°F or greater 1367 and is only eligible for energy savings when
installed as part of system inspection, balancing and commissioning including, but not limited to:
burner tuning, boiler cleaning, recalibration of boiler control set points, inspection and
repair/replacement of leaking inlets and air vents, installation of properly sized air vents, main line
steam trap repair/replacement, recalibration of system operating pressure, insulation of bare steam
lines and installation of radiator orifice plates in two-pipe systems.1368 If the system undergoes
regular maintenance, savings may be claimed upon program confirmation that the system is in
proper working order.
Method for Calculating Annual Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand
Savings
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐻𝐷𝐷𝑙𝑜𝑐
𝐻𝐷𝐷
where:
1367
NYSERDA, Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) Demonstration Project, Report No. 95-14, September 1995,
pg. 5-1.
1368
US DOE, Thermostatic Radiator Valve Evaluation, January 2015, pg. 25 – 26.


ΔMMBtu/HDD = Annual fossil fuel energy savings per Heating Degree Day (HDD) per TRV
HDDloc = Heating Degree Days based on location
Summary of Variables and Data Source

One-pipe: 0.0004589
ΔMMBtu/HDD NYSERDA1369, 1370
Two-pipe: 0.0005983
HDDloc location from Heating Degree Days section
below
Heating Degree Days

30-year averages of U.S annual climate normals for the period of 1991 to 2020 using base 65°
F.1371
City HDDloc
Albany 6,391
Binghamton 7,200
Buffalo 6,502
Massena 8,030
NYC 4,900
Poughkeepsie 6,026
Syracuse 6,625

1369
Results of multifamily impact evaluation used as a proxy to estimate commercial facility savings; average of
three test sites implementing full installation (Phase 3) of TRVs as reported in: NYSERDA, Thermostatic Radiator
Valve (TRV) Demonstration Project, Report No. 95-14, September 1995, Table 2-2: Heating Plant Characteristics,
pg. 2-2, Table 2-3: TRV Installation, pg. 2-6 and Table 3-5, pg, 3-6. Annual fossil fuel energy savings figure was
derived by multiplying the ratio of the number of apartments per building to the number of TRVs per building to the
difference in energy consumption per apartment per degree day between Phase 1 and Phase 3.
1370
Results of multifamily impact evaluation used as a proxy to estimate commercial facility savings; average of
three test sites implementing installation of TRVs (Group C) as reported in: T. Cholewa, A. Siuta-Olcha, C.A.
Balaras, Actual Energy Savings from the Use of Thermostatic Radiator Valves in Residential Buildings–Long Term
Field Evaluation, Energy and Buildings, July 2017, Table 1, pg. 488 and Table 4, pg. 492, normalized to 3,825 HDD
(cited value for test site location). Annual fossil fuel energy savings figure was derived by multiplying the ratio of
the total heated floor surface area per building to the number of radiators per building to the difference in energy
consumption per building per square meter and dividing by heating degree days.
1371


The baseline condition is a radiator in a one- or two-pipe space heating commercial steam system
with manual control valves.
Compliance Efficiency from which Savings are Calculated

The compliance condition is a radiator equipped with thermostatic radiator valve in a one- or two-
pipe space heating commercial steam system that has undergone system inspection, balancing and
commissioning as detailed in the Measure Description section above.
Operating Hours
Operating hours are embedded in the prescribed values for energy savings per heating degree day
and are therefore not explicitly defined for this measure.

10 thermostatic radiator valves are installed on one-pipe steam radiators in a primary school
building located near Albany. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident
below.
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝐻𝐷𝐷𝑙𝑜𝑐
𝐻𝐷𝐷

ΔMMBtu/HDD = 0.0004589, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on
radiator type from application
HDDloc = 6,391, from Heating Degree Days table based on location from application
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 10 × 0.0004318 × 6,391 = 27.6 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.



References
1. NYSERDA, Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) Demonstration Project, Report No. 95-
14, September 1995.
Available from:
https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc620708/m2/1/high_res_d/119941.pdf
2. US DOE, Thermostatic Radiator Valve Evaluation, January 2015.
3. T. Cholewa, A. Siuta-Olcha, C.A. Balaras, Actual Energy Savings from the Use of
Thermostatic Radiator Valves in Residential Buildings–Long Term Field Evaluation,
Energy and Buildings, July 2017.
Available from:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778817305820?viewFullText=tr
ue#bib0100
4. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – 1991-2020 Normals.
Record of Revision
12-18-16 12/28/2018

LIGHTING
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Measure Description
This section covers energy-efficient lighting equipment, such as energy-efficient lamps, energy-
efficient ballasts, compact fluorescent lamps, LED lamps, and improved lighting fixtures.
Improved lighting fixtures may include reflectors and other optical improvements to lighting
fixtures. These technologies, taken separately or combined into an energy-efficient lighting fixture,
provide the required illumination at reduced input power.
(𝑊 × 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (𝑊 × 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠)𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = [ ] × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
New construction, space renovations or remodels may require a building permit that includes
compliance with local or state energy codes. In these instances, the applicable energy code defines
the baseline. The energy consumption of the efficient and baseline lighting systems are defined in
terms of the lighting power density (LPD) in watts per square foot. An alternate form of the lighting
equations based on LPD is as follows:
𝐿𝑃𝐷𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝐿𝑃𝐷𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑆𝐹 × [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑆𝐹 × [ ] × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑆𝐹 × [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
where:
SF = Extent of space or surface illuminated by lighting system (in ft2)
LPD = Lighting power density
W = Rated wattage of lamp or fixture (Watts)
HVACd = HVAC interaction factor for utility summer peak hour

Number of baseline measures, from application. Set
unitsbaseline
equal to Unitsee if unknown.
Number of energy efficient measures installed under
unitsee
the program, from application.
Connected load of the baseline unit(s) displaced, from
Wbaseline
application (in Watts).
Connected load of the energy-efficient unit, from
Wee
application (in Watts).
Lighting operating hours. From application or default,
hrs
as listed below in the Operating Hours table.
Lighting power density (in W/SF) for baseline
measure, from application, based on NYS/NYC
LPDbaseline Energy Conservation code. New construction or major
renovation (as defined by applicable code/permits)
only.
Lighting power density (in W/SF) for energy efficient
measure, from application, based on installed system
LPDee
design. New construction or major renovation (as
defined by applicable code/permits) only.
SF Floor area illuminated by lighting system (in SF).


Exterior and
HVACc consumption (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC
Unconditioned Space: 0
type weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
Exterior and summer peak hour (dimensionless). Vintage and
HVACd
Unconditioned Space: 0 HVAC type weighted average by city. See Appendix
D.
Exterior and
HVACff consumption (MMBtu/kWh). Vintage and HVAC type
Unconditioned Space: 0
“Interior” designation extends to any covered area not
Interior: See
adequately lit during daylight hours by sunlight, thus
Coincidence Factor
CF requiring daytime operation of lighting. Lookup
(CF) section below
Interior CF based on facility type in Operating Hours
Exterior: 0
section below.
HVAC system interaction factors are defined as the ratios of the cooling energy and demand
reduction and heating energy increase per unit of lighting energy reduction. Much of the input
energy for lighting systems is converted to heat that must be removed by the HVAC system.
Reductions in lighting heat gains due to lighting power reduction decrease the need for space
cooling and increase the need for space heating.
HVAC interaction factors vary by climate, HVAC system type and building type. Prescribed
values for HVAC interaction factors for lighting energy and peak demand savings are shown in
Appendix D. Lighting systems in unconditioned spaces or on the building exterior will have
interaction factors of 0.0. The building types for the HVAC interactive effect factors by facility
type are shown in the lighting Operating Hours table below.

The prescribed coincidence factor for commercial exterior lighting is 0.0, since exterior lighting is
generally off during daylight hours. Look up interior lighting CF from the table in the Operating
Hours section below based on facility type.1372

The baseline condition is assumed to be the existing and operational lighting fixture in all
applications other than new construction or extensive renovations that trigger the building code.
See table of standard fixture wattages in Appendix C. Note, depending on local codes, new
construction, space renovations or remodels may require a building permit that includes
compliance with local or state energy codes. In these instances, the applicable energy code defines
the baseline.
Code LPD shall be taken from chapter C405.3: Interior Lighting Power Requirements
1372
ConEd Large C&I Program Impact and Process Evaluation Report prepared by Navigant, August 2019, slide 71

(Prescriptive) and chapter C405.4: Exterior Lighting (Mandatory) of the Energy Conservation
Construction Code of New York State 1373 (ECCCNYS 2020) that are based on IECC 2018.
Alternatively, ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2016 may be referenced for compliance. In both cases,
either the Building Area or Space-By-Space compliance path may be used.

The compliance condition for individual fixture/lamp replacement scenarios shall be ENERGY
STAR® and/or DLC compliant products. See table of standard fixture wattages in Appendix C.
Manufacturers’ cut sheets may substitute for the standard fixture watts in Appendix C if available.
In new construction or major renovation projects, the new lighting system power consumption
should be expressed as a lighting power density (LPD) in watts per square foot. All equipment
installed under the LPD method shall comply with ENERGY STAR® and/or DLC specifications,
where ENERGY STAR® and/or DLC specifications for that product exist. LPD methods shall be
compliant with all applicable federal, state, local and municipal codes and standards.
Operating Hours
The average lighting operating hours are defined by building type, as shown in the table below.
These are typical average values for the building types shown. Use building specific operating
hours where available. For exterior lighting, the default annual operating hours are 4,380 hrs/yr
(12 hours per day).
Lighting Lighting
1374 HVAC CF HVAC
Facility Type Hours CF Facility Type Hours 1375
Int Int
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Manufacturing
Auto Related* 2,810 0.89 AR 2,857 0.67 Ind
Facility
Automotive /
Transportation
8,760 0.89 AR Medical Offices 3,748 0.92 SOfc
Service or Repair
Facility (24/7)
Motion Picture
Bakery 2,854 0.79 FS 1,954 0.89 Asy
Theatre
Multi-Family
Banks 3,748 0.92 SOfc 7,665 0.98 MFL
(Common Areas)
Church 1,955 0.89 Rel Museum 3,748 0.89 Asy
College–
2,713 0.79 FS Nursing Homes 5,840 0.92 MFL
Cafeteria**
Office (General SOfc/
College – Classes 2,586 0.54 CC 3,013 0.92
Office Types)** LOfc
College -
3,066 0.92 Dorm Parking Garages 4,368 0.0 None
Dormitory
1373
ECCCNYS 2020; C405.3: Interior Lighting Power Requirements (Prescriptive) & C405.4: Exterior Lighting
Power (Mandatory).
1374
ConEd Large C&I Program Impact and Process Evaluation Report prepared by Navigant, August 2019, slide 71.
1375

Lighting Lighting
1374 HVAC CF HVAC
Int Int
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Commercial Parking Garages
3,100 0.92 SOfc 7,717 0.0 None
Condos*** (24/7)
Convenience
6,376 0.97 SRet Parking Lots 4,100 0.0 None
Stores
Convention Center 1,954 0.89 Asy Penitentiary 5,477 0.37 MFL
Performing Arts
Court House 3,748 0.92 LOfc 2,586 0.89 Asy
Theatre
Dining: Bar Police / Fire Stations
4,182 0.79 FS 7,665 0.89 Asy
Lounge/Leisure (24 Hr)
Dining: Cafeteria /
6,456 0.79 FF Post Office 3,748 0.97 SRet
Fast Food
Dining: Family 4,182 0.79 FS Pump Stations 1,949 0.67 Ind
Refrigerated
Entertainment 1,952 0.89 Asy 2,602 0.67 RWH
Warehouse
Exercise Center 5,836 0.89 SRet Religious Building 1,955 0.89 Rel
Fast Food
6,376 0.79 FF Restaurants 4,182 0.79 FS
Restaurants
Fire Station SRet/
1,953 0.89 Asy Retail 3,463 0.85
(Unmanned) LRet
Food Stores 4,055 0.98 Gro School / University 2,187 0.54 Univ
Schools (Jr./Sr.
Gymnasium 2,586 0.89 Asy 2,187 0.54 HS
High)
Schools
Hospitals 7,674 0.74 Hosp (Preschool/ 2,187 0.54 Sch
Elementary)
Schools
Hospitals / Health
7,666 0.74 Hosp (Technical/ 2,187 0.54 CC
Care
Vocational)
Industrial - 1 Shift 2,857 0.67 Ind Small Services 3,750 0.92 SOfc
Industrial - 2 Shift 4,730 0.67 Ind Sports Arena 1,954 0.89 Asy
Industrial - 3 Shift 6,631 0.67 Ind Town Hall 3,748 0.89 Asy
Laundromats 4,056 0.89 SRet Transportation 6,456 0.89 Asy
Warehouse (Not
Library 3,748 0.89 LOfc 2,602 0.67 WH
Refrigerated)
Light Waste Water
2,613 0.67 Ind 6,631 0.67 Ind
Manufacturers** Treatment Plant
Lodging Hotel/
3,064 0.92 Workshop 3,750 0.67 Ind
(Hotels/Motels) Motel
Mall Concourse 4,833 0.85 LRet
*
**
***


60 3-lamp, 4-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures in an elementary school near Albany are relamped
with DLC qualified LED linear tube lamps. The wattage of the existing fixtures is
approximately 88 W. Following relamp, the fixture wattage is reduced to 36 W. The fixtures
are on 2,200 hours per year. The school building has central air conditioning and gas heat.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = [ ] × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
unitsbaseline= 60, from application.

unitsee= 60, from application.
hrsoperating = 2,200 hours/year, from application
HVACc= 0.100, from Appendix D based on building type, city and fuel type
HVACd= 0.200, from Appendix D based on building type, city and fuel type
HVACff= -0.002, from Appendix D based on building type, city and fuel type
CF= 0.54, from Operating hours section based on Facility type
(80 × 68)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (36 × 60)𝑒𝑒

𝑘𝑊ℎ = [ ] × 2,200 × (1 + 0.100) = 7,937.6 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
(88 × 60)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (36 × 60)𝑒𝑒

∆𝑘𝑊 = [ ] × (1 + 0.200) × 0.54 = 2.13 𝑘𝑊
1,000
(88 × 60)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (36 × 60)𝑒𝑒

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = [ ] × 2,200 × −0.002 = −14.43 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000
60, 30W bulbs are being installed in a newly constructed small commercial auto parts facility
that originally installed 70W T-12 that operates 2,500 hours a year and has 4,500 square ft.
The shop is located in Albany and has central AC and electric heat. Annual Electric Energy
Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as below. Annual Fossil
Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑆𝐹 × [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑆𝐹 × [ ] × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑆𝐹 × [ ] × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000

LPDbaseline = 0.93, 70X60=4,200/4,500, from application
LPDee = 0.40, 60X30 =1,800/4,500 from application
Hrs = 2,500, from application
HVACc = -0.630, from Appendix D based on building type, city and fuel type
HVACd =0.200, from Appendix D based on building type, city and fuel type
HVACff = 0.000, from Appendix D based on building type, city and fuel type
CF = 0.89, from Operating hours section based on Facility type
0.93 − 0.40
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 4,500 × [ ] × 2,500 × (1 + (−0.630)) = 2,206.13 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
0.93 − 0.40
∆𝑘𝑊 = 4,500 × [ ] × (1 + 0.200) × 0.89 = 2.5 kW
1,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. Large Commercial & Industrial (Large C&I) Program Impact and Process Evaluation,
Presented to Con Edison, Prepared by Navigant, August 2019.
Available from:
http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId=%7BFCA2BA0
8-4767-4D75-B8FD-1FDE6C09A72F%7D

2. ECCCNYS 2020 Chapter C405.3: Interior Lighting Power Requirements (Prescriptive) &
C405.4: Exterior Lighting Power (Mandatory).
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1
3. Lighting operating hour data taken from the CL&P and UI Program Savings
Documentation for 2008 Program Year, with exceptions as noted.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/8821/CEE_Eval_2008ProgramSavingsDocum
entPSD_1Jan2008.pdf
4. Additional lighting operating hour data taken from 2008 DEER Update – Summary of
Measure Energy Analysis Revisions, August, 2008.
Available from: www.deeresources.com
5. Small Business Direct Install Program Evaluation Review, Prepared for the New York
State Department of Public Service-E2 Working Group, by the Small Commercial EM&V
Review subcommittee, April 3, 2015.
Available from:
https://www3.dps.ny.gov/W/PSCWeb.nsf/96f0fec0b45a3c6485257688006a701a/960068
76d01739b785257c85005a58e3/$FILE/ATTGYZRG.pdf/SBDI%20EMV%20studies%2
0-%20Final%20Report%20-%202015-01-30.pdf
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-15-4 6/1/2015
1-16-6 12/31/2015
9-17-5 9/30/2017
6-19-10 6/28/2019
3-20-11 3/30/2020

LED OPEN SIGN

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to the installation of LED open signs. The LED signs must replace
existing neon or fluorescent signage. This technology provides the required illumination at reduced
input power.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
where:
baseline = Characteristic of the baseline condition
ee = Characteristic of the energy efficient condition
HVACff = HVAC interaction factor for annual fuel consumption (MMBtu/kWh)
1000 = Conversion factor, one kilowatt equals 1,000 watts

Wbaseline From application. If unknown, use 46 W.1376
Wee From application.
1376
Southern California Edison, Workpaper SCE13LG070.2, pg. 4.


Exterior and HVAC interaction factor for peak demand at utility
HVACd Unconditioned summer peak hour (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC
Space: 0 type weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
Exterior and HVAC interaction factor for annual fuel energy
HVACff Unconditioned consumption (MMBtu/kWh). Vintage and HVAC type
Space: 0 weighted average by city. See Appendix D.
From application or default. Hours of operation for
signage with a photocell control are 4,380 hours, Time
hrs
switch control are 2,190 hours. For hours of operation
during business hours, lookup Operating Hours table.
CF = 0 for photocell control and time switch control
scenarios. Lookup Interior CF based on facility type in
CF
Operating Hours section below for operation aligned with
business hours.

Look up interior lighting CF from the table in the Operating Hours section below based on facility
type.1377

The baseline condition is fluorescent lighting or neon type illuminated LED open sign.

The compliance condition is an LED type illuminated LED open sign.
Operating Hours
Operating hours of the building are to come from application. In the scenario of a signage with
photocell control, the LED open sign would operate for 4,380 hours. The hours of operation for a
time switch control are 2,190 hours1378. If the LED open sign were to remain on during business
hours, lookup from table below and use building specific operating hours wherever applicable.
The average lighting operating hours are defined by building type, as shown in the table below.
These are typical average values for the building types shown.
1377
1378
Time switch control – assume 6 hours per day, 365 days per year.

Lighting Lighting
1379 HVAC CF HVAC
Int Int
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Manufacturing
Auto Related* 2,810 0.89 AR 2,857 0.67 Ind
Facility
Automotive /
Transportation
8,760 0.89 AR Medical Offices 3,748 0.92 SOfc
Service or Repair
Facility (24/7)
Motion Picture
Bakery 2,854 0.79 FS 1,954 0.89 Asy
Theatre
Multi-Family
Banks 3,748 0.92 SOfc 7,665 0.98 MFL
(Common Areas)
Church 1,955 0.89 Rel Museum 3,748 0.89 Asy
College–
2,713 0.79 FS Nursing Homes 5,840 0.92 MFL
Cafeteria**
Office (General SOfc/
College – Classes 2,586 0.54 CC 3,013 0.92
Office Types)** LOfc
College -
3,066 0.92 Dorm Parking Garages 4,368 0.0 None
Dormitory
Commercial Parking Garages
3,100 0.92 SOfc 7,717 0.0 None
Condos*** (24/7)
Convenience
6,376 0.97 SRet Parking Lots 4,100 0.0 None
Stores
Convention Center 1,954 0.89 Asy Penitentiary 5,477 0.37 MFL
Performing Arts
Court House 3,748 0.92 LOfc 2,586 0.89 Asy
Theatre
Dining: Bar Police / Fire Stations
4,182 0.79 FS 7,665 0.89 Asy
Lounge/Leisure (24 Hr)
Dining: Cafeteria /
6,456 0.79 FF Post Office 3,748 0.97 SRet
Fast Food
Dining: Family 4,182 0.79 FS Pump Stations 1,949 0.67 Ind
Refrigerated
Entertainment 1,952 0.89 Asy 2,602 0.67 RWH
Warehouse
Exercise Center 5,836 0.89 SRet Religious Building 1,955 0.89 Rel
Fast Food
6,376 0.79 FF Restaurants 4,182 0.79 FS
Restaurants
Fire Station SRet/
1,953 0.89 Asy Retail 3,463 0.85
(Unmanned) LRet
Food Stores 4,055 0.98 Gro School / University 2,187 0.54 Univ
Schools (Jr./Sr.
Gymnasium 2,586 0.89 Asy 2,187 0.54 HS
High)
1379
1380

Lighting Lighting
1379 HVAC CF HVAC
Int Int
(hrs/yr) (hrs/yr)
Schools
Hospitals 7,674 0.74 Hosp (Preschool/ 2,187 0.54 Sch
Elementary)
Schools
Hospitals / Health
7,666 0.74 Hosp (Technical/ 2,187 0.54 CC
Care
Vocational)
Industrial - 1 Shift 2,857 0.67 Ind Small Services 3,750 0.92 SOfc
Industrial - 2 Shift 4,730 0.67 Ind Sports Arena 1,954 0.89 Asy
Industrial - 3 Shift 6,631 0.67 Ind Town Hall 3,748 0.89 Asy
Laundromats 4,056 0.89 SRet Transportation 6,456 0.89 Asy
Warehouse (Not
Library 3,748 0.89 LOfc 2,602 0.67 WH
Refrigerated)
Light Waste Water
2,613 0.67 Ind 6,631 0.67 Ind
Manufacturers** Treatment Plant
Lodging Hotel/
3,064 0.92 Workshop 3,750 0.67 Ind
(Hotels/Motels) Motel
Mall Concourse 4,833 0.85 LRet
*
**
***

A 50 W neon illuminated open sign is replaced with a 30 W LED open sign in a fast-food
restaurant in NYC. The restaurant is equipped with central air conditioning with fuel heat.
Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil
Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
Wbaseline = 50 W, from application

Wee = 30 W, from application
Hrs = 6,376, from Operating Hours section
HVACc = 0.110, from Appendix D
HVACd = 0.200, from Appendix D

HVACff = -0.003, from Appendix D
50 − 30
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × 6,376 × (1 + 0.110) = 141.55 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
50 − 30
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × (1 + 0.200) × 0.79 = 0.019 𝑘𝑊
1,000
50 − 30
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ( ) × 6,376 × (−0.003) = −0.38 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. Southern California Edison, Workpaper SCE13LG070.2, Replace Open Neon Sign with
LED Sign.
Available from:
http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId=%7BFCA2BA0
8-4767-4D75-B8FD-1FDE6C09A72F%7D
3. Lighting operating hour data taken from the CL&P and UI Program Savings
Documentation for 2008 Program Year, with exceptions as noted.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/8821/CEE_Eval_2008ProgramSavingsDocum
entPSD_1Jan2008.pdf
4. Additional lighting operating hour data taken from 2008 DEER Update – Summary of
Measure Energy Analysis Revisions, August, 2008.
Available from: www.deeresources.com

Record of Revision
12-21-20 1/28/2022

REFRIGERATED CASE LED

Measure Description
This measure pertains to installation of horizontally or vertically-mounted LED fixtures in
commercial display refrigerators, coolers or freezers. Refrigerated case lighting increases the
cooling load of the refrigeration system by adding heat to the unit that must be overcome through
additional cooling. Replacing fluorescent lamps with low-heat generating LEDs reduces the
energy consumption associated with the lighting components and reduces the amount of waste
heat generated from the lamps that must be overcome by the refrigeration system.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + (𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑓𝑓 × 0.284))
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 𝐶𝐹 × (1 + (𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑓𝑓 × 0.284))
1,000
where:
W = Rated wattage of lamp or fixture (Watts)
Compeff = Efficiency of the cooler/freezer compressor (kW/Ton)
0.284 = Conversion factor from kW to tons of refrigeration (Tons/kW)


From application, or 2 times the proposed LED
Wbaseline
wattage.1381
Refrigerated Case: 1.00 Typical refrigeration system efficiency
Compeff
Freezer Case: 1.92 (kW/Ton).1382
Taken from RLW Analytics, Inc. Coincidence
CF 0.948
Factor study, “Grocery” facility type.


The baseline lighting wattage is the rated or deemed wattage of the existing fixture/lamp. See table
of standard fixture wattages in Appendix C. If this data is not available, the baseline wattage shall
be the proposed wattage multiplied by 2.

The compliance case is a refrigerated display case with horizontally or vertically-mounted LED
lighting.
Operating Hours
Operating hours for refrigerated case lighting will be site-specific and taken from the application.
If unavailable, refer to the “Operating Hours” section of the Commercial and Industrial Interior
and Exterior Lamps and Fixtures measure for default hours of operation.

Twenty 18 watt vertically mounted LED fixtures are installed in a reach-in refrigerated case in
a grocery store near Albany in place of twenty 40 watt fluorescent fixtures. The refrigerated
case lights are illuminated approximately 5,000 hours per year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
1381
REVIEW OF UNDERLYING REFERENCE PENDING: Based on Pacific Gas & Electric. May 2007. LED
Refrigeration Case Lighting Workpaper 053007 rev1. This workpaper is not publicly available, but is referenced by
Mid-Atlantic TRM Version 7.0 published May 2017. Assumes LED case lighting (7.6W per linear foot) replacing
T8 fluorescent baseline (15.2W per linear foot).
1382
Based on CDH Energy evaluation of actual refrigeration system performance for several commercially available
compressors, dated 09/06/2017. Values presented reflect average efficiencies of R22 systems.
1383
Coincidence Factor Study Residential and Commercial & Industrial Lighting Measures, RLW Analytics, Inc.
Spring 2007, Table i-7 (Grocery).

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × (1 + (𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑓𝑓 × 0.284))
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 𝐶𝐹 × (1 + (𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑓𝑓 × 0.284))
1,000
unitsbaseline = 20, from application

unitsee = 20, from application
Hrs = 5,000 hours/year, from application
Compeff = 1.00, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
(40 × 20)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (18 × 20)𝑒𝑒

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × 5,000 × (1 + (1.00 × 0.284))
1,000
= 2,824.80 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(40 × 20)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − (18 × 20)𝑒𝑒

∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 0.948 × (1 + (1.00 × 0.284))
1,000
= 0.535 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


Reduction in refrigerated case lighting power reduces waste heat that must be displaced by the
system. Interactive effects are addressed in the prescribed energy savings calculation methodology.
References
1. Coincidence Factor Study Residential and Commercial & Industrial Lighting Measures -
For use as an Energy Efficiency Measures/Programs Reference Document for the ISO
Forward Capacity Market (FCM), prepared for the New England State Program Working
Group by RLW Analytics Inc., Spring 2007.

Available from:
https://www.puc.nh.gov/Electric/Monitoring%20and%20Evaluation%20Reports/National
%20Grid/116_RLW_CF%20Res%20C&I%20ltg.pdf
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-15-4 6/1/2015
9-17-6 9/30/2017

LIGHTING – CONTROL
BI-LEVEL LIGHTING
Measure Description
This measure addresses bi-level occupancy control of lighting in stairwells, corridors, parking
garages and parking lots via the installation of controls on existing fixtures or installation of
luminaires with integrated bi-level occupancy control. Bi-level occupancy control allows for the
continuous lighting of spaces at code-mandated minimum illumination levels when the space is
unoccupied and at higher light levels when occupied. This measure is only applicable as a retrofit
or replacement in existing buildings because multi-level switching at defined lighting power
densities and percentages of full connected load is mandated in many space types by federal, state,
local and municipal codes and standards, including but not limited to ECCCNYS 20201384and
ASHRAE 90.1-2013.1385 This measure is restricted to lighting in parking lots and in spaces that
are required by fire and safety code to be illuminated continuously. The post-implementation case
must comply with all provisions of applicable fire, safety and construction code including but not
limited to ECCCNYS 20201386, NYSBC 20201387, NYSPMC 20201388, NFPA Life Safety Code1389.
Method for Calculating Annual Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand
Savings
𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑊𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ −( × (1 − 𝐸𝑆𝐹))] × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ −( × (1 − 𝐷𝑆𝐹))] × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 1,000
where:
units = Number of fixtures equipped with bi-level occupancy control under the program
1384
ECCCNYS 2020, Section C405.
1385
ASHRAE 90.1-2013, Section 9.
1386
ECCCNYS 2020, Chapter 4.
1387
2020 Building Code of New York State.
1388
2020 Property Maintenance Code of New York State.
1389
National Fire Protection Association, Life Safety Code, 2018 Edition.

Wbaseline = Wattage of the existing fixture

Wee = Wattage of the efficient fixture at full light output
DSF = Demand Savings Factor
Summary of Variables and Data Source

Wbaseline From application.
From application. If bi-level occupancy controls are
Wee
installed on existing fixtures, Wee = Wbaseline.
ESF See Energy Savings Factor section below.
Parking lot lighting is assumed to operate 12 hours per
Parking Lots: 4,380
hrs day. For interior spaces, this measure is restricted to
Interior: 8,760
those illuminated year-round.
DSF shall be set equal to the computed ESF value for
Parking Garage: ESF
DSF parking garages. For all other space types, set DSF
Other: 0
equal to 0.
Parking Lots: 0.0
CF
Interior: 1.0
Energy Savings Factor

The energy savings factor represents the average annual percent reduction in wattage, as compared
with the full light output wattage of the efficient case, resulting from bi-level occupancy control
capability. The ESF is established based on the low-power mode wattage of the efficient case and
assumed occupied hours of the affected space as follows:
𝑊𝑙𝑜𝑤
𝐸𝑆𝐹 = 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤 × (1 − )
𝑊𝑒𝑒
where:
Flow = Low-power mode factor; represents the percent of annual operating hours that
the fixture operates in low-power mode.
Wlow = Wattage of the efficient fixture in low-power mode
Wee = Wattage of the efficient fixture at full light output
Flow, Wlow and Wee shall be taken from the application. If unknown, look up Flow default values
from the table below, based on space type.

Space Type Flow

Stairwell1390 0.73
Corridor1391 0.75
Parking Garage1392 0.56
Parking Lot1393 0.45

The methodology and default values used in this measure assume continuous operation of lighting
in affected interior spaces. Therefore, the prescribed value for the coincidence factor for interior
spaces is 1.0. Since exterior lighting typically does not operate during daylight hours, the
prescribed value for the coincidence factor for parking lots is 0.0.

The baseline condition is lighting in interior spaces required to be illuminated year-round and
lighting in parking lots automatically controlled by photocells or time clocks.
Compliance Efficiency from which Savings are Calculated

The compliance condition is lighting in interior spaces required to be illuminated year-round and
parking lots with bi-level occupancy control installed and meeting all provisions of applicable
federal, state, local and municipal fire, safety and construction code.
Operating Hours
This measure is restricted to lighting in interior spaces required to be illuminated year-round and
parking lots, assumed to operate 12 hours per day. The annual operating hours for these spaces are
8,760 and 4,380, respectively. Typical occupancy assumptions used to derive Flow values are as
noted in the Energy Savings Factor section above.

Bi-level occupancy control is installed on 40 existing 100 W LED fixtures in a parking garage
near NYC. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ −( × (1 − 𝐸𝑆𝐹))] × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000 1,000
1390
California Energy Commission, Lighting Research Program, Project 5.1 Bi-level Stairwell Fixture Performance
Final Report, October 2005 – Average of “Time Dimmed” across the four test sites during weekday operation
(Table 2. Weekday daily average energy usage and savings, pg. 22).
1391
CA State Partnership for Energy Efficiency Demonstrations, Interior Lighting Case Study: Adaptive Corridor
Lighting, April 2014, pg. 2.
1392
California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research Program, Case Study: Bi-Level LED Parking
Garage Luminaires – Average of unoccupied hours across the three test sites.
1393
Pacific Gas & Electric, Application Assessment of Bi-Level LED Parking Lot Lighting, February 2009, pg. 1.

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [ −( × (1 − 𝐷𝑆𝐹))] × 𝐶𝐹
1,000 1,000

ESF = 0.56, from Energy Savings Factor section based on space type
Hrs = 4,380, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
DSF = 0.56, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
110 110
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 40 × [ −( × (1 − 0.56))] × 8,760 = 21,584.64 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 1,000
110 110
∆𝑘𝑊 = 40 × [ −( × (1 − 0.56))] × 1.0 = 2.464 𝑘𝑊
1,000 1,000

See Appendix P.

Reduction in lighting hours reduces space cooling and increases space heating requirements in
conditioned spaces. Interactive HVAC impacts are not included in this methodology.

Reduction in lighting hours reduces space cooling and increases space heating requirements in
conditioned spaces. Interactive HVAC impacts are not included in this methodology.
References
1. ECCCNYS 2020 Chapter 4 Commercial Energy Efficiency.
2. ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-
Rise Residential Buildings, Section 9. Lighting.
3. 2020 Building Code of New York State.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSBC2020P1
4. 2020 Property Maintenance Code of New York State.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSPMC2020P1
5. National Fire Protection Association, Life Safety Code, 2018 Edition.
Available from: https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-
of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=101

6. California Energy Commission, Lighting Research Program, Project 5.1 Bi-level

Stairwell Fixture Performance Final Report, October 2005.
Available from: https://ww2.energy.ca.gov/2005publications/CEC-500-2005-141/CEC-
500-2005-141-A16.PDF
7. CA State Partnership for Energy Efficiency Demonstrations, Interior Lighting Case
Study: Adaptive Corridor Lighting, April 2014.
Available from:
http://cltc.ucdavis.edu/sites/default/files/files/publication/CASE_STUDY_UCSF_Adapti
ve_Corridors_140602.pdf
8. California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research Program, Case Study:
Bi-Level LED Parking Garage Luminaires.
Available from: http://cltc.ucdavis.edu/sites/default/files/files/publication/case-study-bi-
level-led-garage-luminaires.pdf
9. Pacific Gas & Electric, Application Assessment of Bi-Level LED Parking Lot Lighting,
February 2009.
Available from: https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1218189/
Record of Revision
1-16-11 12/31/2015
9-18-14 9/28/2018

INTERIOR LIGHTING C ONTROL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of lighting control systems on lighting in interior spaces.
Interior spaces are defined as any covered area not adequately lit during daylight hours by sunlight,
thus requiring daytime operation of lighting. Lighting control systems covered under this measure
include occupancy sensors, stepped and dimming daylighting controls and networked lighting
control systems. These systems save energy and peak demand by shutting off power to lighting
fixtures when the space is unoccupied or illumination is not required. They also save energy and
demand by reducing power to lighting systems to correct for over-illumination due to excessive
lamp output or the presence of daylight. This measure is not applicable in spaces for which
occupancy or daylight-responsive controls are required by federal, state, local or municipal codes
or standards. Refer to chapter C405.2 Lighting Controls (Mandatory) of the Energy Conservation
Construction Code of New York State 1394 (ECCCNYS) for details. This measure is also not
applicable if the equipment is installed or controlled as part of a utility demand response program.
Bi-level lighting controls installed in stairwells, corridors, parking garages and parking lots shall
use the Commercial Bi-Level Lighting measure detailed in this TRM document.
𝑊𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
where:
Wctrl = Total wattage of controlled lighting (Watts)
1394
ECCCNYS 2020; C405.2: Lighting Controls (Mandatory)



Connected load of controlled lighting fixtures (in Watts),
Wctrl
from application.
Lighting operating hours. From application or see
hrsbaseline
HVACc
weighted average by city. See Appendix D. For lighting
in unconditioned space, use a value of 0.
summer peak hour (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC
HVACd
type weighted average by city. See Appendix D. For
lighting in unconditioned space, use a value of 0.
HVACff
weighted average by city. See Appendix D. For lighting
in unconditioned space, use a value of 0.
ESF See Energy Savings Factors table below.
Lookup CF from the CF column of the table in the
“Operating Hours” section of the Commercial and
CF
Industrial Interior and Exterior Lighting measure based
on Facility Type.
Energy Savings Factor1395

The energy savings factor (ESF) is the average annual reduction in electric consumption achieved
by a particular control measure type. Energy savings factors for various automated lighting control
types are specified in the table below.
Control Type ESF

Occupant Sensing Controls in large open plan offices: one sensor
0.40
controlling an area no larger than 125 square feet1396
0.30
controlling an area between 126 to 250 square feet1397
1395
The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific Measures;
Chapter 3: Commercial and Industrial Lighting Controls Evaluation Protocol, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, September 2017, pg. 15.
1396
2019 Title 24, part 6, Table 140.6-A: Lighting Power Adjustment Factors (PAF).
1397
Ibid.

Control Type ESF

0.20
controlling an area between 251 to 500 square feet1398
Occupant Sensing Controls: applicable to all space types other than large
open plan offices with one sensor controlling an area less than 500 square 0.20
feet
Institutional Tuning in non-daylit areas1399 0.10
Institutional Tuning in daylit areas1400 0.05
Demand Responsive Control in buildings 10,000 square feet or less1401 0.05
Daylight Dimming Control – On/Off Control: Luminaries in skylit daylit
0.10
zone or primary sidelit daylit zone1402
Daylight Dimming Control – multiple step dimming1403 0.20
Daylight Dimming Control – continuous dimming1404 0.30
Occupant Sensing with Daylight Dimming Controls – On/Off controls1405 0.35
Occupant Sensing with Daylight Dimming Controls – multiple step
0.35
dimming1406
Networked Lighting Controls 1407 0.49
• Occupancy Sensor – Reduces lighting operating hours by switching off lighting in unoccupied
spaces.
• Institutional Tuning – Allows luminaries in layouts designed with the consideration of a light
loss factor to be dimmed to the recommended light level and restored to full output when lumen
output has degraded. Maximum light level adjustments are available only to authorized
personnel.1408
• Demand Responsive Control – Automatically reduces lighting in response to a demand
response signal. This measure is not applicable if the equipment is installed or controlled as
part of a utility demand response program.
• Daylight Dimming Control – Reduces lighting output to a set level in response to natural
daylighting using continuous or stepped dimming capability.
• Networked Lighting Control – A networked lighting control system consists of an intelligent
network of individually addressable luminaires and control devices, allowing for application
of multiple control strategies, programmability, building- or enterprise-level control, zoning
1398
Ibid.
1399
Ibid.
1400
Ibid.
1401
Ibid.
1402
Ibid.
1403
NREL, The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific
Measures, Chapter 3: Commercial and Industrial Lighting Controls Evaluation Protocol, Table 4: Lighting Control
Savings Factors by Control Type.
1404
Ibid.
1405
Ibid.
1406
Ibid.
1407
Energy Savings from Networked Lighting Control (NLC) Systems with and without LLLC, DesignLights
Consortium®, September 24, 2020, Table 2. Summary of estimated control factors by LLLC and control strategies.
1408
2019 Title 24, part 6, page 64.

and rezoning using software, and measuring and monitoring, compliant with DesignLights
Consortium V5.0 requirements.1409

Refer to the CF column of the table in the “Operating Hours” section of the Commercial and
Industrial Interior and Exterior Lighting measure for prescribed coincidence factor for commercial
indoor lighting measures based on Facility Type.

The baseline case for this measure is a lighting system with manual or time-switch controls.

The compliance case is a lighting system with occupancy and/or daylight-responsive controls
designed and installed in accordance with manufacturers’ and/or designer recommendations.
Operating Hours
The baseline lighting operating hours are the average operating hours for all fixtures subject to
lighting control measures before the lighting controls are installed. This information shall be taken
from the application. If unavailable, refer to the “Operating Hours” section of the Commercial and
Industrial Interior and Exterior Lighting measure for default hours of operation.

Occupancy sensors are installed in 8, 150 square foot offices in a small office building near
Albany. Each office contains six 24 watt fixtures for a total controlled wattage of 1,152 W.
Prior to installation of controls, the fixtures were illuminated for 2,800 hours per year. The
building has central air conditioning and gas heat. Annual Electric Energy Savings, Summer
below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ( ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
Wctrl = 1,152, from application

hrsbaseline= 2,800 hours/year, from application.
HVACc= 0.100, from Appendix D based on Building Type, City and HVAC type
1409
Networked Lighting Controls V5.0 Requirements, DesignLights Consortium.®

HVACd= 0.200, from Appendix D based on Building Type, City and HVAC type
HVACff = -0.002, from Appendix D based on Building Type, City and HVAC type
ESF= 0.30, from Energy Savings Factors table
1,152
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ( ) × 2,800 × 0.30 × (1 + 0.100) = 1,064.45 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
1,152
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( ) × 0.30 × (1 + 0.200) × 1.0 = 0.415 𝑘𝑊
1,000
1,152
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = ( ) × 2,800 × 0.30 × −0.002 = −1.93 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000

See Appendix P.

Interactive HVAC impacts are addressed in the prescribed energy savings calculation
methodology.

HVAC impacts are addressed in the prescribed energy savings calculation methodology.
References
1. The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for
Specific Measures; Chapter 3: Commercial and Industrial Lighting Controls Evaluation.
Protocol, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, September 2017.
2. Title 24: part 6; 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and
Nonresidential Buildings, California Energy Commission.
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/CAEC2019
3. Networked Lighting Controls V5.0 Requirements, DesignLights Consortium.®
Available from: https://www.designlights.org/our-work/networked-lighting-
controls/technical-requirements/nlc5/
4. Energy Savings from Networked Lighting Control (NLC) Systems, DesignLights
Consortium®, September 21, 2017.
Available from: https://www.designlights.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/DLC-
Report_Energy-Savings-from-Networked-Lighting-Control-NLC-Systems.pdf

5. ECCCNYS 2020 Chapter C405.2: Lighting Controls (Mandatory).

commercial-energy-efficiency#NYSECC2020P1_CE_Ch04_SecC405.2
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-15-4 6/1/2015
1-16-7 12/31/2015
9-17-7 9/30/2017
3-19-10 3/29/2019
6-19-11 6/28/2019
6-22-12 9/2/2022

MOTORS AND DRIVES
ELEVATOR MODERNIZATION
Measure Description
This measure covers the upgrade of existing elevators by replacing critical components in order
for elevators to be able to handle new technology, have better performance, and to operate more
efficiently. Elevator modernization typically includes motor upgrades, elevator drive system
upgrades, and elevator controller replacement. This measure covers the installation of Silicon-
Controlled Rectifier (SCR) drives, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) drives, and Variable Voltage
Variable Frequency (VVVF) drives only. Only the following upgrade configurations are
applicable to this measure: VVVF drive systems replace PWM systems, VVVF or PWM drive
systems replace SCR systems, and VVVF, PWM, or SCR drive systems replace Motor-Generator
(M-G) set systems. The drives may either be regenerative or non-regenerative.
This measure is only applicable as a retrofit and only applies to office and multi-family buildings
(e.g. small office, large office, low-rise multifamily, high-rise multifamily). This measure does not
cover Destination Dispatch optimization technique.
Methods for calculating savings for M-G set baseline systems are presented below separate from
SCR or PWM drive baseline systems in order to differentiate the baseline efficiency term as
described in the Baseline Efficiency section below, but also to account for AC motor idling energy
consumption present in an M-G set drive. There is no idling motor present in PWM or SCR drive
systems, and thus no savings associated with idle energy is claimed in those cases.
With Motor-Generator set (M-G) as baseline system
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × [∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 + (𝑅𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑆𝐹 × ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑛 )]
𝑙𝑏𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × (1 − 𝑂𝐶𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ) × (𝑓𝑡/𝑚𝑖𝑛)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = [ × × 0.746
33,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒
× 𝐿𝐹𝑎𝑣𝑔 × ℎ𝑟𝑠] + [ × (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × 𝐹𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 ]
𝑙𝑏𝑒𝑒 × (1 − 𝑂𝐶𝑊𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑓𝑡/𝑚𝑖𝑛)𝑒𝑒 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = × × 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑎𝑣𝑔 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
33,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
𝑙𝑏𝑒𝑒 × (1 − 𝑂𝐶𝑊𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑓𝑡/𝑚𝑖𝑛)𝑒𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 × 0.746

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑛 = × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑛 × 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑛
33,000
× ℎ𝑟𝑠

With SCR drive or PWM drive as baseline system

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = × × 0.746
× 𝐿𝐹𝑎𝑣𝑔 × ℎ𝑟𝑠


33,000
× ℎ𝑟𝑠
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Saving
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑟𝑢𝑛
×{
𝑙𝑏𝑒𝑒 × (1 − 𝑂𝐶𝑊𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑓𝑡/𝑚𝑖𝑛)𝑒𝑒 × 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘
− }
33,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
With SCR drive or PWM drive as baseline system
𝑙𝑏𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × (1 − 𝑂𝐶𝑊𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ) × (𝑓𝑡/𝑚𝑖𝑛)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
× {[
𝑙𝑏𝑒𝑒 × (1 − 𝑂𝐶𝑊𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑓𝑡/𝑚𝑖𝑛)𝑒𝑒 𝐿𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 × 0.746
− ]× }
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 33,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡
where:
units = Number of units upgraded under the program


regen = Property of regenerative braking
hoist = Property of elevator hoist system component
RegenSF = Savings Factor for regenerative braking system
lb = Capacity of car
OCW = Overweight of counterbalance as a fraction of car capacity
ft/min = Rated top velocity of car, in ft/min
Eff = Energy efficiency
LFavg = Average load factor
hrs = Annual hours of elevator operation
hp = Horsepower of M-G set motor
LFmotor,idle = M-G set motor load factor in idling mode
Fidle = Idling factor; used to account for fraction of run hours M-G set system in idling
mode
Fregen = Regenerative breaking factor; used account for fraction of run hours
regenerative braking produces energy savings
LFmotor,run = M-G set motor load factor when loaded
LFpeak = Peak load factor
0.746 = Conversion factor (kW/hp) 0.746 kW equals one electric horsepower
8,760 = Annual hours
33,000 = Conversion factor ((ft-lb/min)/hp), 33,000 foot-pounds per minute equals one
electric horsepower

Regenerative Breaking: 1
RegenSF From application.
No Regenerative Breaking: 0
lbsbaseline From application.
lbsee From application.
OCWbaseline From application. Use 0.50 as default.1410
OCWee From application. Use 0.50 as default.1411
ft/minbaseline From application.
ft/minee From application.
International Association of Elevator
Effhoist 0.90
Consultants.1412
Effee See Compliance Efficiencies section below.
Effbaseline See Baseline Efficiency section below.
Effregen 0.5 Regenerative efficiency .
International Organization for
LFavg 0.35
Standardization.1413
1410
The Vertical Transportation Handbook, 4th Edition, by George R. Strakosch and Robert S. Caporale, pg. 213.
1411
Ibid, 213.
1412
Ibid, Slide 12, 13.
1413
ISO 25745-2:2015: Energy Performance of Lifts, Escalators and Moving Walks -- Part 2: Energy Calculation
and Classification for Lifts (elevators).


From application. If unknown, use a default of
hrs
2,750 hours.1414
Regenerative braking eliminates excess heat and
supplies electric energy to the building 50% of
Fregen 0.5 run time: when lightly loaded car is raised, when
fully loaded car is lowered, whenever the car
decelerates.1415
LFmotor,idle 0.11
Timer incorporated: 0.7
A timer may be used to disable the elevator
Fidle No timer: 1.0
during unoccupied hours.1416
Unknown: 0.7
Assumed value to reflect that motors do not
LFmotor,run 0.9
typically fun at 100% of rated power.
International Organization for
LFpeak 0.75
Standardization.1417

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is N/A. Appling average load factor at peak is
a conservative approach for estimating summer peak demand savings. No further adjustment is
required.

The baseline condition is an existing M-G set, SCR drive, or PWM drive elevator system. The
efficiency of the baseline elevator drive systems are derived as follows:
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑟,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

Effmotor,baseline NEMA premium efficiency.
From application. If unknown use the
Effdrive,baseline following defaults1418: SCR6 = 0.85, SCR12 =
0.90, PWM = 0.94.
1414
The Vertical Transportation Handbook, 4th Edition , by George R. Strakosch and Robert S. Caporale, Table 4.2,
Table 4.3, Chart 4.2.
1415
Baldor Motors and Drives, Elevator Application Guide, pg. 3-6.
1416
No source specified. Actual idling time is based on specific site operating conditions. A value of 70% has been
assumed based on a reasonable and conservative approach.
1417
ISO 25745-2:2015: Energy Performance of Lifts, Escalators and Moving Walks -- Part 2: Energy Calculation
and Classification for Lifts (elevators). Coincidence factor is embedded within the peak load factor.
1418
International Association of Elevator Consultants, Presentation in New York City, May 2011, Slide 11.


Geared system: 0.85 International Association of Elevator
Effgear,baseline
Gearless system: 1.0 Consultants1419

The compliance condition may be either Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR) drive, Pulse Width
Modulation (PWM) drive or Variable Voltage Variable Frequency (VVVF) based on the baseline
condition, as outlined in the table below:
Acceptable Elevator Replacement Configurations

Baseline Condition Compliance Condition
M-G Set SCR, PWM, VVVF drives
SCR drive PWM, VVVF drives
PWM drive VVVF drive
The efficiency of the energy efficient elevator drive systems are derived as follows:
Efficiency for SCR, PWM, or VVVF drive energy efficient elevator systems
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 = 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑒𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑟,𝑒𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒,𝑒𝑒

Effmotor,ee From application.
From application. If unknown, use the
Effdrive,ee following defaults1420: SCR6 = 0.85, SCR12 =
0.90, PWM = 0.94, VVVF = 0.95.
Geared system: 0.85 International Association of Elevator
Effgear,ee
Gearless system: 1.0 Consultants1421
Operating Hours
Elevator operation hours are set by the customer. If elevator operation hours are unknown, use a
default value of 2,750 hours.

An elevator is upgraded to a geared VVVF drive system with regenerative braking from a
geared motor-generator set. The capacity of the car is 2,500 lbs and it has a velocity of 180
ft/min. The hoist motor is rated at 80 hp. The efficiency of the motor in the M-G set is 77%.
The overweight of counterbalance as a fraction of car capacity is 0.5. The upgraded elevator is
in a large office building and operates approximately 3,00 hours per year. Annual Fossil Fuel
1419
Ibid, Slide 11.
1420
Ibid, Slide 11.
1421
Ibid, Slide 11.

Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = [ ×
× 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑎𝑣𝑔 × ℎ𝑟𝑠]

ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒
+[ × (8,760 − ℎ𝑟𝑠) × 𝐹𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑒 ]


33,000
× ℎ𝑟𝑠
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑟𝑢𝑛
×{
𝑙𝑏𝑒𝑒 × (1 − 𝑂𝐶𝑊𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑓𝑡/𝑚𝑖𝑛)𝑒𝑒 × 0.746 × 𝐿𝐹𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘
− }
33,000 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓ℎ𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑟,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 = 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟,𝑒𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑟,𝑒𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒,𝑒𝑒

RegenSF = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
lbsbaseline = 2,500, From application
lbsee = 2,500, From application
OCWbaseline = 0.5, from application
OCWee = 0.5, from application
ft/minbaseline = 180 ft/min, from application
ft/minee = 180 ft/min, from application
Effhoist = 0.90, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Effregen = 0.5, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
LFavg =0.35, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Fregen = 0.5, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources

hp = 80, from application.

LFmotor,idle = 0.11, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Fidle = 0.7, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
LFmotor,run = 0.9, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
LFpeak = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Effdrive,baseline = 0.77, from application
Effgear,baseline = 0.85, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources in Baseline Efficiency
section
Effgear,ee = 0.85, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources in Compliance Efficiency
section
Effdrive,ee = 0.95, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources in Compliance Efficiency
section
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 0.9 × 0.85 × 0.77 = 0.589
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 = 0.9 × 0.85 × 0.95 = 0.727
2,500 × (1 − 0.5) × 180 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = [ × × 0.746 × 0.35 × 3,000]
33,000 × 0.9 0.589
80 × 0.746 × 0.11
+[ × (8,760 − 3,000) × 0.7] = 55,014
0.589
2,500 × (1 − 0.5) × 180 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 = × × 0.746 × 0.35 × 3,000 = 8,162
33,000 × 0.9 0.727
2,500 × (1 − 0.5) × 180 × 0.727 × 0.746

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑛 = × 0.5 × 0.5 × 3,000 = 2,773
33,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × [55,014 − 8,162 + (1 × 2,773)] = 49,625 𝑘𝑊ℎ
2,500 × (1 − 0.5) × 180 2,500 × (1 − 0.50) × 180

∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × {[ − ]
0.589 0.727
0.75 × 0.746
× } = 1.366 𝑘𝑊
33,000 × 0.9

See Appendix P.



When travelling, elevators convert stored mechanical energy into electrical energy. In non-
regenerative braking elevator systems, the energy is dissipated as heat. In regenerative braking
elevator systems, the electrical energy is reclaimed by the building and offsets energy loads. When
an elevator system is upgraded to a system with regenerative braking, energy savings are realized
in the elimination of the dissipated heat and through the alleviation of building load.
References
1. The Vertical Transportation Handbook, 4th Edition, by George R. Strakosch and Robert
S. Caporale.
2. Elevator Application Guide, By Baldor Motors and Drives, Page 3-6.
Available from: https://www.baldor.com/Shared/manuals/770-397.pdf
3. ISO 25745-2:2015: Energy Performance of Lifts, Escalators and Moving Walks -- Part 2:
Energy Calculation and Classification for Lifts (elevators)
ASHRAE 90.1 – 2016.
4. International Association of Elevator Consultants, Presentation in New York City, May
2011.
Available from:
https://www.iaec.org/IAEC/IAEC_Forum_Presentations_files/Magnetek_Presentation_I
AEC_NYC_May2011%5b1%5d.pdf
Operated Unitary Air Conditioners And Condensing Units & Table C403.3.2(5):
Available from: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1
Record of Revisions
9-19-7 9/27/2019

MOTOR
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency, three-phase electric HVAC fan or pump
motors of 200 hp or less in commercial and industrial applications.1422 Full-load efficiency of
installed equipment must exceed current code requirements as defined in the Baseline Efficiency
section below to qualify. Estimated energy savings are based on increased operating efficiency.
Efficient motors generally run at slightly higher RPM than standard motors. Unless the motor drive
system is modified to correct for higher RPM operation, the power delivered by the motor may
increase. This increase in power delivery may negate the effects of improved efficiency. Therefore,
when replacing a standard-efficiency motor, a high-efficiency motor with lower or equal full-load
speed must be selected to prevent any negation of predicted energy savings resulting from a higher
efficiency. To provide the correct flow, it may be necessary to adjust fan sheaves or pump-impeller
diameters.
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × 0.746 (𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × [( )−( )] × 𝐹𝐿𝐻
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × 0.746 (𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × [( )−( )] × 𝐶𝐹
where:
hp = Horsepower
RLF = Rated load factor
Eff = Energy efficiency (0 -100%)
FLH = Full-load hours
1422
Partners Listing of NEMA Premium Compliant Electric Motors (accessed 3/19/2018).


hp Rated horsepower of the efficient equipment, from application.
Full-load efficiency of the baseline motor. Look up from Appendix
Effbaseline L based on efficient motor type (open or enclosed), number of
poles (2, 4 or 6) and horsepower.
Effee Full-load efficiency of the efficient motor, from application.
Ratio of the peak annual motor load to the maximum connected
RLF load (RLF = hppeak/hpmax), from application. If unknown, assume
0.75.1423
Full-load hours in the energy efficient case, from application. If
FLH unknown, look up based on facility type and motor application in
the Operating Hours section below.
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is a three-phase electric HVAC fan or pump motor of equivalent type, speed
and horsepower to the efficient case with minimally code compliant full-load efficiency per
Appendix L, established by ECCCNYS 1425 in accordance with federal energy conservation
standards.1426

The compliance condition is a three-phase electric HVAC fan or pump motor with a speed at or
below that of the baseline motor and full-load efficiency exceeding the baseline NEMA premium
full-load efficiency established per the Baseline Efficiencies section above.
Operating Hours
Motor full-load hours are defined as the total annual energy consumption divided by the peak
hourly demand.
kWh
FLH =
kWmax
1423
U.S. DOE, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency, p. 1; assumes system is designed to maximize
efficiency.
1424
1425
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C405.7(1).
1426
10 CFR 431.25(h) Table 5.

For loads that do not vary with time (i.e., a motor driving a constant load), full-load hours are
equal to the operating hours.
If full-load hours are unknown, use default values based on the application and building type
from the table below.1427
Distribution CHWP &

Facility Type Heating Pumps
Fan Motor Cooling Towers
Auto Related 4,056 1,878 5,376
Bakery 2,854 1,445 5,376
Banks, Financial Centers 3,748 1,767 5,376
Church 1,955 1,121 5,376
College - Cafeteria 6,376 2,713 5,376
College - Classes/Administrative 2,586 1,348 5,376
College - Dormitory 3,066 1,521 5,376
Commercial Condos 4,055 1,877 5,376
Convenience Stores 6,376 2,713 5,376
Convention Center 1,954 1,121 5,376
Court House 3,748 1,767 5,376
Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisure 4,182 1,923 5,376
Dining: Cafeteria / Fast Food 6,456 2,742 5,376
Dining: Family 4,182 1,923 5,376
Entertainment 1,952 1,120 5,376
Exercise Center 5,836 2,518 5,376
Fast Food Restaurants 6,376 2,713 5,376
Fire Station (Unmanned) 1,953 1,121 5,376
Food Stores 4,055 1,877 5,376
Gymnasium 2,586 1,348 5,376
Hospitals 7,674 3,180 5,376
Hospitals / Health Care 7,666 3,177 5,376
Industrial - 1 Shift 2,857 1,446 5,376
Laundromats 4,056 1,878 5,376
Library 3,748 1,767 5,376
Light Manufacturers 2,857 1,446 5,376
Lodging (Hotels/Motels) 3,064 1,521 5,376
Mall Concourse 4,833 2,157 5,376
Manufacturing Facility 2,857 1,446 5,376
Medical Offices 3,748 1,767 5,376
Motion Picture Theatre 1,954 1,121 5,376
Connecticut Program Savings Document, 12th Edition for 2017 Program Year, UIL Holdings Corporation and
1427
Eversource Energy, October 2016. Appendix 5, Hours of Use.

Distribution CHWP &

Facility Type Heating Pumps
Fan Motor Cooling Towers
Multi-Family (Common Areas) 7,665 3,177 5,376
Museum 3,748 1,767 5,376
Nursing Homes 5,840 2,520 5,376
Office (General Office Types) 3,748 1,767 5,376
Office/Retail 3,748 1,767 5,376
Parking Garages & Lots 4,368 1,990 5,376
Penitentiary 5,477 2,389 5,376
Performing Arts Theatre 2,586 1,348 5,376
Police / Fire Stations (24 Hr) 7,665 3,177 5,376
Post Office 3,748 1,767 5,376
Pump Stations 1,949 1,119 5,376
Refrigerated Warehouse 2,602 1,354 5,376
Religious Building 1,955 1,121 5,376
Residential (Except Nursing Homes) 3,066 1,521 5,376
Restaurants 4,182 1,923 5,376
Retail 4,057 1,878 5,376
School / University 2,187 1,205 5,376
Small Services 3,750 1,768 5,376
Sports Arena 1,954 1,121 5,376
Town Hall 3,748 1,767 5,376
Transportation 6,456 2,742 5,376
Warehouse (Not Refrigerated) 2,602 1,354 5,376
Waste Water Treatment Plant 6,631 2,805 5,376
Workshop 3,750 1,768 5,376

A 10 hp HVAC fan motor is replaced with a 97.4% efficient, three-phase, 4 pole enclosed
motor with an estimated load factor of 0.74. The distribution fan motor remains in operation
for 4,000 hours per year. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual
Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as
below.
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × 0.746 (𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × [( )−( )] × 𝐹𝐿𝐻
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × 0.746 (𝑘𝑊/ℎ𝑝) × [( )−( )] × 𝐶𝐹

Effbaseline= 0.917, from Appendix L based on efficient motor type, number of poles and
horsepower
Effee= 0.974, from application

RLF = 0.74, from application

FLH = 4,0000 hours, from application
CF=0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 10 × 0.74 × 0.746 × [( )−( )] × 4,000 = 1,409.21 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.917 0.974
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 10 × 0.74 × 0.746 × [( )−( )] × 0.8 = 0.282 𝑘𝑊
0.917 0.974

See Appendix P.

High efficiency motors reject less heat into the conditioned space increasing space heating
requirements while decreasing cooling load. These impacts are not considered in the prescribed

High efficiency motors reject less heat into the conditioned space increasing space heating
requirements while decreasing cooling load. These impacts are not considered in the prescribed
References
1. Partners Listing of NEMA Premium Compliant Electric Motors.
Available from:
https://www.nema.org/Policy/Energy/Documents/Nema_Premium_Partners.pdf
2. U.S. DOE, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency.
Available from: https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/04/f15/10097517.pdf
3. ECCCNYS 2020 Table C405.7(1): Minimum Nominal Full-Load Efficiency For NEMA
Design A, NEMA Design B, and IEC Design N Motors (Excluding Fire Pump) Electric
Motors at 60 HZ.
commercial-energy-efficiency#NYSECC2020P1_CE_Ch04_SecC405.7
4. 10 CFR 431.25 (h) Table 5: Nominal Full-Load Efficiencies of NEMA Design A,
NEMA Design B and IEC Design N Motors (Excluding Fire Pump Electric Motors) at
60Hz.
idx?SID=5423daf354376cde95da84156e424cc8&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
sp10.3.431.b
5. Connecticut Program Savings Document, 12th Edition for 2017 Program Year, UIL
Holdings Corporation and Eversource Energy, October 2016.

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
6-18-12 6/26/2018

NOTCHED AND SYNCHRONOUS BELT

Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of smooth V-belts in electric HVAC fan or pump motors
with notched or synchronous belts. V-belts between the motor and the supply air fan and/or return
air fan are typical in larger packaged and split HVAC systems. A notched belt has grooves or
notches that run perpendicular to the belt’s length, which reduces the bending resistance of the
belt. Notched belts can use the same pulleys as cross-section standard V-belts. They run cooler,
last longer, and are about 2% more efficient than standard V-belts. Synchronous belts (also called
cogged, timing, positive-drive, or high-torque drive belts) are toothed and require the installation
of mating grooved sprockets. These belts operate with a consistent efficiency of 98% and maintain
their efficiency over a wide load range.
Estimated savings are based upon the improved transfer of the motor shaft energy to the fan by
replacing a smooth V-belt with a notched belt or synchronous belt in a belt drive system. The
savings assume that the fan speed remains the same while the motor operates at a lower torque and
speed. For notched belts, adjustable pulleys provide easy reductions in fan speed. 1428 For
synchronous belts, belt sockets must be selected that correct for the improved transmission of
motor energy or the actual operating costs can increase.1429
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × ( − ) × 𝐹𝐿𝐻 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × ( − ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 1 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × ( − ) × 𝐹𝐿𝐻 × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
where:
units = Number of motors converted to notched or synchronous belts
hp = Horsepower per retrofitted motor
1428
Changing Fan Speed with an Adjustable Pulley, Rob “Doc” Falke, Contracting Business Magazine, April 18,
2012.
1429
Replace V-Belts with Cogged or Synchronous Belt Drives, The News, November 3, 2008.


Effbaseline = Efficiency of V-belts
Effee = Efficiency of notched or synchronous belts
Effmotor = Efficiency of retrofitted motor (existing motor is assumed to remain in place)
FLH = Full-load hours

hp Rated horsepower of the retrofitted motor, from application.
Full-load efficiency of the baseline motor, from application. Or
look up from Appendix L based on efficient motor type (open or
Effmotor
enclosed), number of poles (2, 4 or 6) and horsepower. If
unknown assume 0.93.1430
Percent of rated motor load at normal operation. (RLF =
RLF
hppeak/hpmax), from application. If unknown, assume 0.75.1431
Full-load hours in the energy efficient case, from application. If
FLH unknown, look up based on facility type and motor application in
the Operating Hours section below.
Effbaseline 0.93 US DOE.1432
Notched: 0.95
Effee Synchronous: Use default value based upon efficient belt type from application
0.98 for notched1433 and synchronous1434 belt drives.
HVAC interaction factor for annual electric energy consumption
(dimensionless). For motors in unconditioned spaces, set to 0.
HVACc
Otherwise, this value shall come from Appendix D in based on
vintage and HVAC type weighted average by city.
HVAC interaction factor for peak demand at utility summer peak
hour (dimensionless). For motors in unconditioned spaces, set to
HVACd
0. Otherwise, this value shall come from Appendix D in based
on vintage and HVAC type weighted average by city.
1430
Premium-Efficiency Motors, Energy Innovators Initiative Technical Fact Sheet, Office of Energy Efficiency of
Natural Resources Canada. Average efficiency of 75% load premium motors 5-50 hp.
1431
efficiency.
1432
U.S. DOE, Motor Tip Sheet #3, Replace V-Belts with Cogged or Synchronous Belt Drives, Motor Tip Sheet #3,
DOE/GO-102000-0972, January 2000. Nominal efficiency of unmaintained belt.
1433
Ibid. 2% better than standard V-belt.
1434
Ibid.


consumption (MMBtu/kWh). For motors in unconditioned
HVACff
spaces, set to 0. Otherwise, this value shall come from Appendix
D in based on vintage and HVAC type weighted average by city.
CF 0.8


The baseline condition is an electric HVAC fan or pump motor driven by a smooth V-belt system.

The energy efficient condition is an electric HVAC fan or pump motor driven by a notched or
synchronous belt system.
Operating Hours
Motor full-load hours are defined as the total annual energy consumption divided by the peak
hourly demand.
FLH = kWh/kWmax
For loads that do not vary with time (i.e., a motor driving a constant load), full-load hours are equal
to the operating hours.
If full-load hours are unknown, use default values based on the application and building type from
the table below.1436
Annual Operating Hours

Distribution Fan Motor Cooling Tower Fans
Facility Type
(hours) (hours)
Auto Related 4,056 1,878
Bakery 2,854 1,445
Banks, Financial Centers 3,748 1,767
Church 1,955 1,121
College - Cafeteria 6,376 2,713
College - Classes/Administrative 2,586 1,348
College - Dormitory 3,066 1,521

1435
Connecticut Program Savings Document, 12th Edition for 2017 Program Year, UIL Holdings Corporation and
1436
Eversource Energy, October 2016. Appendix 5, Hours of Use.


Facility Type
(hours) (hours)
Commercial Condos 4,055 1,877
Convenience Stores 6,376 2,713
Convention Center 1,954 1,121
Court House 3,748 1,767
Dining: Bar Lounge/Leisure 4,182 1,923
Dining: Cafeteria / Fast Food 6,456 2,742
Dining: Family 4,182 1,923
Entertainment 1,952 1,120
Exercise Center 5,836 2,518
Fast Food Restaurants 6,376 2,713
Fire Station (Unmanned) 1,953 1,121
Food Stores 4,055 1,877
Gymnasium 2,586 1,348
Hospitals 7,674 3,180
Hospitals / Health Care 7,666 3,177
Industrial - 1 Shift 2,857 1,446
Laundromats 4,056 1,878
Library 3,748 1,767
Light Manufacturers 2,857 1,446
Lodging (Hotels/Motels) 3,064 1,521
Mall Concourse 4,833 2,157
Manufacturing Facility 2,857 1,446
Medical Offices 3,748 1,767
Motion Picture Theatre 1,954 1,121
Multi-Family (Common Areas) 7,665 3,177
Museum 3,748 1,767
Nursing Homes 5,840 2,520
Office (General Office Types) 3,748 1,767
Office/Retail 3,748 1,767
Parking Garages & Lots 4,368 1,990
Penitentiary 5,477 2,389
Performing Arts Theatre 2,586 1,348
Police / Fire Stations (24 Hr) 7,665 3,177
Post Office 3,748 1,767
Pump Stations 1,949 1,119
Refrigerated Warehouse 2,602 1,354
Religious Building 1,955 1,121
Residential (Except Nursing Homes) 3,066 1,521


Facility Type
(hours) (hours)
Restaurants 4,182 1,923
Retail 4,057 1,878
School / University 2,187 1,205
Small Services 3,750 1,768
Sports Arena 1,954 1,121
Town Hall 3,748 1,767
Transportation 6,456 2,742
Warehouse (Not Refrigerated) 2,602 1,354
Waste Water Treatment Plant 6,631 2,805
Workshop 3,750 1,768

A smooth V-belt driving a 92% efficient 10 hp HVAC fan motor that operates 4,00 hours per
year is replaced with a notched belt in an assembly building near Albany. The building is
equipped with central air conditioning with electric heat. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × ( − ) × 𝐹𝐿𝐻 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × ( − ) × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 ) × 𝐶𝐹

Effmotor = 0.92, from application
RLF = 0.75, default from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
FLH = 4,000 hours, from application
Effbaseline = 0.92, default from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Effee = 0.95, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
HVACc = -0.536, from Appendix D in based on vintage and HVAC type weighted average by
city.
HVACd= 0.200, from Appendix D in based on vintage and HVAC type weighted average by
city.
CF=0.8
10 × 0.746 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × 0.75 × ( − ) × 4,000 × (1 + (−0.536))
0.92 0.92 0.95
= 387.44 𝑘𝑊ℎ

10 × 0.746 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × × 0.75 × ( − ) × (1 + 0.200) × 0.8 = 0.20 𝑘𝑊
0.92 0.92 0.95

See Appendix P.

High efficiency belt drive systems reject less heat into the conditioned space increasing space
heating requirements. The HVAC interaction factors calculated from the prototypical building
DOE-2 models as a function of the building and HVAC system type are shown in Appendix D.

High efficiency belt drive systems reject less heat into the conditioned space increasing space
heating requirements while decreasing cooling load. The HVAC interaction factors calculated
References
1. Changing Fan Speed with an Adjustable Pulley, Rob “Doc” Falke, Contracting Business
Magazine, April 18, 2012.
Available from: https://www.contractingbusiness.com/archive/changing-fan-speed-
adjustable-pulley
2. Replace V-Belts with Cogged or Synchronous Belt Drives, The News, November 3,
2008.
Available from: https://www.achrnews.com/articles/107928-replace-v-belts-with-cogged-
or-synchronous-belt-drives
3. Office of Energy Efficiency of Natural Resources Canada, Energy Innovators Initiative
Technical Fact Sheet, Premium-Efficiency Motors.
Available from: https://www.prismengineering.com/sites/default/files/upload/fact-
sheets/Prism-Fact-sheet-Premium-efficiency-motors.pdf
4. U.S. DOE, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency
5. U.S. DOE, Motor Tip Sheet #3, Replace V-Belts with Cogged or Synchronous Belt
Drives.
6. Connecticut Program Savings Document, 12th Edition for 2017 Program Year, UIL
Holdings Corporation and Eversource Energy, October 2016. Appendix 5, Hours of Use.
Available from: https://www.puc.nh.gov/EESE%20Board/EERS_WG/ct_trm.pdf

Record of Revisions
7-20-17 7/31/2020
12-20-10 12/31/2020

PEI-RATED CLEAN W ATER PUMP

Measure Description
The measure covers the installation of constant and variable speed PEI-rated clean water pumps
in agricultural, commercial, industrial and municipal environments. PEI-rated clean water pumps
refer to clean water pumps rated using the Pump Energy Index (PEI), a metric established by the
DOE to rate pump efficiency.1437 As a rating, PEI refers to the ratio of a pump’s energy rating
divided by the energy rating of a minimally compliant pump with lower PEI indicating greater
efficiency. As of January 27, 2020, all clean water pumps between 1 and 200 hp are required to
have a PEI rating less than 1.0. Circulator pumps, pool pumps, fire pumps and magnet driven
pumps fall outside of the scope of this measure. 1438
The PEI rated clean water pumps category consists of five pump types: Radially Split Multi-Stage
Vertical In-Line Diffuser Casing (RSV), Vertical Submersible Turbine (ST), End Suction Close
Coupled (ESCC), In-Line (IL) and End Suction Frame Mount (ESFM).Each pump type is further
broken into constant and variable speed models. Pumps are generally offered with either 1800
RPM or 3600 RPM (nominal) motors.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × (1 − 𝑂𝐹) × (𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐿𝑆𝐴𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × (𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
hp = Pump motor horsepower
OF = Oversize Factor
PEI = Pump Energy Index
LSAF = Load Shape Adjustment Factor
1437
10 CFR 431.464 Appendix A.
1438
10 CFR 431.465.


Average amount of equipment oversizing. Lookup from
OF Oversize Factor table below based on speed control case
and motor hp.
PEIbaseline See Baseline Efficiency section below.
PEIee From application.
Lookup from Load Shape Adjustment Factor table below
LSAF
based on application and speed control case.
hrs
section below for default values by building sector.
Ratio of the peak motor load to the maximum connected
RLF 0.75
load.1439,1440
CF 0.8
Oversize Factor1441
Speed Control Motor Size Range
Oversize Factor
Case Min. HP Max. HP
1 4.9 0.37
5 9.9 0.31
10 24.9 0.26
Constant Speed
25 49.9 0.24
50 99.9 0.20
100 200 0.17
1 1.9 0.37
2 2.9 0.37
3 4.9 0.37
5 9.9 0.31
Variable Speed
10 24.9 0.26
25 49.9 0.24
50 99.9 0.20
100 200 0.17
1439
efficiency.
1440
RLF value assumed for PEI pumps is under review and will be revised when a substantiating reference has been
identified.
1441
Regional Technical Forum, Efficient Pumps v2.0, Parameters worksheet, row 15.

Load Shape Adjustment Factor, by application and speed control case1442

Application Constant Speed Variable Speed
Agricultural 1.325 1.845
Commercial 1.250 1.000
Industrial 1.310 1.214
Municipal 0.840 0.990


The baseline condition is a pump with a high PEI rating. The baseline PEI rating for constant speed
pumps is 1.0 per federal requirements.1444 Baseline PEI values for variable speed pumps are based
on the table below. Savings for variable speed pumps installed in new construction projects may
be calculated using the constant speed pump baseline if code does not require a variable speed
pump.
The PEI rated clean water pumps category consists of five pump types: Radially Split Multi-Stage
Vertical In-Line Diffuser Casing (RSV), Vertical Submersible Turbine (ST), End Suction Close
Coupled (ESCC), In-Line (IL) and End Suction Frame Mount (ESFM).
Variable Speed Baseline PEI1445

Pump Motor Pump Motor hp
Type Speed 1 to 2 to 3 to 5 to 10 to 25 to 50 to 100 to
(RPM) 1.9 hp 2.9 hp 4.9 hp 9.9 hp 24.9 hp 49.9 hp 99.9 hp 200 hp
RSV 1800 0.55 0.55 0.52 0.50 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.48
ST 1800 0.61 0.60 0.58 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.53 0.54
ESCC 1800 0.54 0.52 0.50 0.49 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.45
IL 1800 0.54 0.53 0.51 0.50 0.48 0.47 0.47 0.47
ESFM 1800 0.49 0.53 0.50 0.49 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.45
RSV 3600 0.56 0.55 0.53 0.52 0.50 0.49 0.48 0.48
ST 3600 0.60 0.59 0.57 0.55 0.55 0.54 0.53 0.53
ESCC 3600 0.53 0.52 0.54 0.48 0.45 0.44 0.45 0.44
IL 3600 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.50 0.46 0.46 0.47 0.46
ESFM 3600 0.53 0.52 0.50 0.49 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47

The compliance condition is a constant speed pump with a PEI rating less than 0.96 or a variable
speed pump with a PEI rating less than 0.49 or the corresponding baseline PEI, whichever is lower.
1442
Regional Technical Forum, Efficient Pumps v2.0, Parameters worksheet rows 30-35.
1443
1444
10 CFR 431.465.
1445
Regional Technical Forum, Efficient Pumps v2.0, PEI_CL to PEI_VL worksheet, row 83.

Operating Hours
Annual operating hours shall come from application. If actual operating hours are unknown, the
values in the table below per RTF analysis and NEEA research shall be used as defaults. The
default operating hours below were determined from the NEEA research from metering of existing
and newly installed pumps in the field across the sectors specified.1446
Sector Operating Hours

Agricultural 2,358
Commercial 3,753
Industrial 6,175
Municipal 3,360

A constant speed 50 hp, 1,800 RPM PEI rated RSV pump is installed at an agricultural facility
near Syracuse. The pump has a 0.9 PEI rating and operates 2,400 hours per year. Annual
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × (1 − 𝑂𝐹) × (𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐿𝑆𝐴𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊 = ℎ𝑝 × 0.746 × 𝑅𝐿𝐹 × (𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑃𝐸𝐼𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝐶𝐹
hp = 50, from application.

OF = 0.20, from Oversize Factor table based on speed control case and motor hp.
PEIbaseline = 1.0, from Baseline Efficiency section
PEIee= 0.9, From application
LSAF = 1.325, from Load Shape Adjustment Factor table based on application and speed
control case
Hrs = 2,400 hours, from application.
RLF = 0.75, default from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 50 × 0.746 × (1 − 0.20) × (1 − 0.90) × 1.325 × 2,400 = 9,489.12 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 50 × 0.746 × 0.75 × (1 − 0.90) × 0.8 = 2.24𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.
Extended Motor Products Savings Validation Research on Clean Water Pumps and Circulators, Northwest
1446
Energy Efficiency Alliance.



References
1. 10 CFR 431.464 - Test procedure for the measurement of energy efficiency, energy
consumption, and other performance factors of pumps.
idx?SID=fa8761ce7ff31d0c22aaf4e1c4992575&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#s
e10.3.431_1464
2. 10 CFR 431.465 - Pumps energy conservation standards and their compliance dates.
idx?SID=fa8761ce7ff31d0c22aaf4e1c4992575&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#s
e10.3.431_1464
3. U.S. DOE, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency.
4. Regional Technical Forum, Efficient Pumps v2.0.
Available from: https://nwcouncil.app.box.com/v/EfficientPumpsv2-0
5. Extended Motor Products Savings Validation Research on Clean Water Pumps and
Circulators, Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance.
Available from: https://neea.org/resources/extended-motor-products-savings-validation-
research-on-clean-water-pumps-and-circulators
Record of Revision
3-21-15 4/9/2021

POOL PUMP
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of ENERGY STAR® qualified multi-speed and variable
frequency drive (VFD) commercial inground pool pumps. Pool pump speeds vary based on the
pump's operation. Filtration, for example, only requires half the flow rate of running a pool cleaner.
Conventional pool pumps, with only one speed, are set to run at the higher speeds required of the
pool cleaner and waste energy during filtration operation by running faster than necessary. An
ENERGY STAR® certified pool pump can run at different speeds and be programmed to match
the pool operation with its appropriate pool pump speed. The energy saved is considerable;
reducing pump speed by one-half allows the pump to use just one-eighth as much energy.1447 After
January 1, 2019, all pool pumps must be rated according to Weighted Energy Factor (WEF).1448
Pool pumps that have earned this label use up to 70% less energy than non-qualified models.1449
This measure is applicable to multi-speed and VFD inground or self-priming pool pumps with a
total horsepower rating between 1 and 3 HP. While single-speed pumps, non-self-priming pumps,
and pressure cleanser booster pumps are eligible under ENERGY STAR® qualified product
criteria, there was a critical lack of information regarding ENERGY STAR® calculations and
assumptions pertaining to this equipment available at the time of publication of this measure. The
measure scope will be expanded as more information becomes available. This measure is
applicable to all pool facilities except those that fall under the NY health code Subpart 6-1: a
single-family swimming pool, or other bathing facility, a spa pool or a floating tank.1450
Note- Although pump hp is not applied directly within algorithms, it must be known to establish
baseline and compliance efficiency values.
1447
ENERGY STAR® Pool Pumps.
1448
ENERGY STAR® Pool Pumps Version 2 and Version 3 Specification Cover Letter, April 2018.
1449
ENERGY STAR® Pool Pump Fact Sheet, January 2018.
1450
SubPart6-1.3, Swimming pools, NewYork Codes, Rules and Regulations.

where:
WEF = Weighted Energy factor (kgal/kWh)
Vpool = Volume of pool, in gallons
Nturnover = Number of turnovers per day, where a turnover is a full cycling of pool water
through the pool filter
hp = Horsepower of qualifying pump motor
1,000 = Conversion factor, one kgal equals 1,000 gallons

Vpool From application. If unknown, assume 22,400.1451
Nturnover From application. If unknown, use 4 per day. 1452
From application, or look up in Compliance Efficiency section
WEFee
below, based on nameplate hp.
Look up in Baseline Efficiencies section below, based on
WEFbaseline
nameplate hp.
hrsannual From application.


The baseline condition is a non-ENERGY STAR® qualified pool pump. The values for baseline
WEF are found in the table below, based on nameplate horsepower. Pump Performance Curve C
is assumed for pool pumps. The pump curve compares the total head in feet of water to the flow
Each dedicated-purpose pool pump that is not a submersible pump and is manufactured on or
after July 19, 2021, shall have a WEF rating that is not less than the value calculated from the
table below.1453
1451
Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Inground Pool Pumps (accessed 7/14/2020).
1452
SubPart6-1.11 Treatment, Swimming pools, NewYork Codes, Rules and Regulations.
1453
Table G-3: Standards for Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps, Replacement Pool Pump Motors, California Title 20
via NYS Appliance Standards.

Pump Sub-Type Size Baseline WEF

Self-Priming (Inground) 0.711 < hhp < 2.5 -2.30 x ln(hhp) + 6.59
WEF = 5.55, for hhp ≤0.13 hp −1.30 * ln

Self-Priming (Inground) hhp < 0.711
(hhp) + 2.90, for hhp >0.13 hp.
Non-Self-Priming WEF = 4.60, for hhp ≤0.13 hp −0.85 * ln
hhp < 2.5
(Aboveground) (hhp) + 2.87, for hhp >0.13 hp.

The compliance condition is an ENERGY STAR® qualified multi or variable speed self-priming,
inground pool pump. Self-priming pool pumps must have a WEF (in kgal/kWh) equal to or greater
than the equation below for pumps on curve C.1454
𝑊𝐸𝐹 ≥ −230 × 𝑙𝑛(ℎℎ𝑝) + 6.59
where:
hhp = hydraulic horsepower, equal to or greater than 0.711
Multi-Speed and Variable Frequency Drive Pool Pumps1455

Typical WEF for ENERGY STAR® multi-speed and variable frequency drive pool pumps are
found in the table below, based on nameplate horsepower. Pump Performance Curve C is assumed
for ENERGY STAR pumps. The pump curve compares the total head in feet of water to the flow

Pump Type and Variable 1-1.4 HP 1.65 HP 2 HP 2.5 HP 3 HP
(0.72 hhp) (0.95 hhp) (1.18 hhp) (1.25 hhp) (1.65 hhp)
WEFee 8.7 8.9 9.3 7.4 7.1
Operating Hours
The annual operating days shall be taken from application. While in use, the energy efficient
pump cycles through pool water at a default rate of 6 hours per turnover as mandated by the NY
Codes and Regulations.1456
1454
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Pool Pumps, Eligibility Criteria Version 2.0,
January 2019.
1455
Ibid.
1456
Subpart 6-1.11 Treatment, Swimming pools, New York Codes, Rules and Regulations.


An ENERGY STAR ® qualified 1.650 hp multi-speed inground pool pump with a 9.0 WEF
rating is replacing a 1.5 hp single-speed unit at a community college near Albany. Previously,
the WEF of the pump was 2. The pump remains in operation for 90 days and 1,080 hours
during the swimming season and conducts 2 turnovers per day. The volume of the swimming
pool is 22,000 gallons. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel
Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are calculated as below.

Nturnover = 2, from application
WEFee = 9.0, from application
hp = 1.65, from application.
WEFbaseline = 2, from application
Days = 90, from application.
hrsannual = 1,080, from application.
90 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × × 22,000 × 2 × [ − ] = 1,540 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 2 9

See Appendix P.


References
1. ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Pool Pumps,
Available from:
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20F
inal%20Version%202.0%20Pool%20Pumps%20Specification.pdf
2. SubPart6-1, Swimming pools, New York Codes, Rules and Regulations.
Available from: https://regs.health.ny.gov/content/subpart-6-1-swimming-pools

ap10.3.431_1466.b
Record of Revision
12-20-11 12/31/2020

VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE (VFD) - FAN AND PUMP

Measure Description
This measure addresses variable frequency drives applied to fans and pumps in commercial and
industrial buildings. Applications covered in this section are AHU supply and return fans, CHW
pumps, cooling tower fans, condenser water pumps and heating hot water pumps.
where:
hp = Horsepower
(ΔkWh/hp) = Annual electric energy savings (in kWh) per controlled motor horsepower
(ΔkW/hp) = Electric demand savings (in kW) per controlled motor horsepower

hp Horsepower rating of motor controlled by VFD, from application.
Electric demand savings from VFD per horsepower of motor controlled.
(kW/hp) Lookup in Appendix K by building type and VFD application. If no
deemed savings are specified, (kW/hp) = 0.
Annual energy savings from VFD per horsepower of motor controlled.
(kWh/hp)
Lookup in Appendix K by building type, city and VFD application.
CF 0.8

1457


The baseline system characteristics by application are as follows:
• Chilled water and hot water pumps:
o Variable volume, constant speed secondary pumping system
▪ Existing pump rides pump curve as flow varies
• Supply fans:
o VAV system with inlet vane control
• Return fans:
o VAV system with discharge damper control
• Cooling tower fans:
o One speed constant volume fan
• Condenser water pumps:
o Constant speed, constant flow condenser water pumps

The compliance system characteristics by application are as follows:
• Chilled water and hot water pumps:
o Variable volume, variable speed secondary pumping system
• Supply fans:
o VAV system with VFD control
• Return fans:
o VAV system with VFD control
• Cooling tower fans:
o Variable speed fans controlling condenser water temperature to 85°F
• Condenser water pumps:
o Variable speed, variable flow condenser water loop
Operating Hours
The annual energy savings from VFD per horsepower of motor controlled (kWh/hp) defined in
Appendix K incorporate operating hours consideration.

A 10 hp HVAC supply fan is equipped with a VFD in a high school building near NYC.

(kWh/hp) = 707, from Appendix K based on building type and VFD application

(kW/hp) = 0.070, from Appendix K based on building type and VFD application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 10 × 707 = 7,070 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 10 × 0.070 × 0.8 = 0.56 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
N/A
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-12 7/31/2013
9-17-8 9/30/2017

OTHER
POOL HEATER
Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high efficiency fossil fuel-fired pool heaters.1458 Fossil fuel-
fired pool heaters are designed for heating non-potable water and employ fossil fuel-fired burners.
High-efficiency fossil fuel heaters can have thermal efficiency ratings as high as 95%.
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ
where:
MMBtu/(kBTU/h) = Annual fossil fuel consumption per pool heater heating capacity
kBTU/h = Pool heater input heating capacity, in kBTU/h

From the annual energy consumption table below,
MMBtu/(kBTU/h)baseline 0.146
based on a thermal efficiency rating of 82%.
Look up from energy consumption table below based
on thermal efficiency rating of fossil fuel efficient pool
MMBtu/(kBTU/h)ee
heater. Interpolation may be performed for pool heater
efficiencies not listed.
1458
Similar to other measures in the NY TRM, this measure will continue to be reviewed for accuracy and for
potential updates, based on up-take in programs, changes in codes and standards, and the availability of other
measure-specific information.


Pool heater input capacity as indicated on equipment
kBTU/h nameplate or manufacturer specifications, from
application.
Annual Energy Consumption1459

Thermal Efficiency Annual Fossil Fuel Consumption
(%) (MMBtu/(kBTU/h)ee)
82 (baseline) 0.146
84 0.138
86 0.134
90 0.128
95 0.122


The baseline condition is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater with a thermal efficiency of 82% as
mandated by federal standards.1460

The compliance condition is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater that has a thermal efficiency of 84% or
greater. 1461
Operating Hours
Pool heater run hours are embedded in the values found in the Annual Energy Consumption table
provided above. The derivation assumes a 250-kBTU/h input pool heater, 26.5% of heaters
equipped with a pilot light with an input rate of 1-kBTU/h, an average pilot light operating hours
of 4,464 hours per year, and a distribution range of pool operational hours from 235 to 8,760 per
year.

A gas-fired pool heater with 86% thermal efficiency and 250 kBTU/h is installed at a community
college near Albany, replacing a gas-fired pool heater with 82% thermal efficiency. Annual
1459
Heaters, Chapter 7, Table 7.4.2: Annual Energy Consumption for Gas-Fired Pool Heaters. The derivation assumes a
250-kBTU/h pool heater and 26.5% of heaters equipped with a pilot light with an input rate of 1-kBTU/h.
1460
10 CFR 430.32.(k)(2).
1461
Compliance requirement based on SoCal Gas minimum thermal efficiency to qualify for incentive (accessed
11/27/2018).

∆𝑀𝑀𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢/(𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ)𝑒𝑒 ) × 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈/ℎ

MMBtu/(kBTU/h)baseline= 0.146, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
MMBtu/(kBTU/h)ee= 0.134, from Annual Energy Consumption table based on thermal
efficiency rating of fossil fuel efficient pool heater
kBTU/h = 250 kBTU/h, from application.
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × (0.146 − 0.134) × 250 = 3.0 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.


Analysis of baseline and high-efficiency fossil fuel-fired pool heaters conducted using the DOE test
procedure suggests that auxiliary and stand-by electric loads are slightly higher for more efficient
equipment.1462 The magnitude of these effects is considered negligible relative to anticipated fossil
fuel savings and electric impacts have thus been excluded from the prescribed methodology.
References
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=e2b12730e1b0fd7608318eb139d57b10&mc=true&n=pt
10.3.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.430_132
2. Department of Energy; Notice of Proposed Rulemaking Technical Support Document
Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products: Energy Conservation
Standards for Residential Water Heaters, Direct Heating Equipment, and Pool Heaters,
Chapter 7: Energy Use Characterization, November 23, 2009.
Available from: https://www.regulations.gov/contentStreamer?documentId=EERE-
2006-STD-0129-0170&attachmentNumber=8&contentType=pdf
3. SoCal Gas, Pool Heater List (accessed November 27, 2018).
Available from: https://www.socalgas.com/pool-heater-list
1462
Heaters, Chapter 7, Table 7.4.2: Annual Energy Consumption for Gas-Fired Pool Heaters.

Record of Revision
3-19-13 3/29/2019

HEAT PUMP POOL HEATER

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to electric heat pump pool heaters in commercial and multifamily
community pool applications. Heat pumps capture heat and move it from one place to another. The
saving equations presented herein comprise three aspects of pool heating: convective heat loss via
pool surface area due to water and air temperature differential, initial heat of full pool volume for
seasonal pool use and reheat of pool refill on year round pools, and the heating of added pool water
to offset water loss through evaporation. 1463 If baseline equipment is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater,
electric energy impacts result in a penalty.
This measure is restricted to inground outdoor pools and is not applicable to spas.

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ×( − )

where:

1463
ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, 2019, pg. 51.25. ASHRAE states that except in aboveground pools
and rare cases where cold groundwater flows past the pool walls, conductive losses through pool walls are small and
can be ignored. ASRHAE additionally indicates that radiation losses that occur due to sky temperature differentials
at night may be offset by solar heat gains of an unshaded pool during the day.

where:
BTUSurface1464 = Annual heating energy load contributed by convection and radiation heat losses
via pool surface, (BTU)
BTUReheat1465 = Annual heating energy load contributed by heating the full volume of pool water,
(BTU)
BTUEvap1466 = Annual heating energy load contributed by evaporation, (BTU)
Felec,baseline = Baseline electric pool heater factor; used to account for the presence or absence
of an electric pool heater
Ffuel,baseline = Baseline fossil fuel pool heater factor; used to account for the presence or absence
of a fossil fuel pool heater
COPbaseline = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy of baseline
electric resistance pool heater, if present
COPee = Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy of heat pump
pool heater
Et,baseline = Thermal efficiency of baseline fossil fuel-fired pool heater, if present
Vpool = Volume of pool water, (gallons)
FReheat = Factor capturing annual number of times full pool volume is heated to the desired
temperature, whether as the result of refill or heating of pool water from ground
water temperature at start of season
heat losses
1464
ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, 2019, Ch 51 Service Water Heating, Swimming Pools/Health Clubs,
eqn. 15.
1465
Ibid, eqn. 14.
1466
ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, 2019, Ch 6 Indoor Swimming Pools, eqn. 3, multiplied by required
heating temperature difference.
1467


If baseline system is an electric resistance pool heater, set
Felec,baseline
equal to 1. Otherwise, set equal to 0.
If baseline system is a fossil fuel-fired pool heater, set equal
Ffuel,baseline
COPbaseline If baseline pool heater is electric, assume 1.0.
Et,baseline From application. If unknown, use 0.82 as default.1468
Tpool From application.
Ambient temperature, lookup in Outdoor Pool table in the
Tamb Air Temperature and Pressure section below based on
nearest city.
city.
determining the area of common pool shapes as follows:
Apool Kidney Shaped: 0.45 x length x (width at one end x width at

other end)
Rectangular: length x width.

Vpool Volume of water in gallons, from application.
From application. If pool is filled by delivery service
FReheat providing preheated water, set FReheat equal to 0. Otherwise
FReheat shall default to 1.1470
1468
10 CFR 430.32 (k)(2).
1469
Applications, 2019, pg. 51.25.
1470
The water temperature of an undrained pool between swim seasons is assumed to have reached the water main
temperature by the beginning of the next swim season. If the pool remains open throughout the year, it is assumed
the pool undergoes one effective full pool volume reheat from water main temperature for cleaning and other
maintenance (CDC, Healthy Swimming, Operating Public Swimming Pools).


Outdoor pool,
sheltered: 5.3
Outdoor pool,
unsheltered: 6.6
Lookup from table in Activity Factor section below based on
AF
pool function.
Lookup from Saturation Vapor Pressure section below based
on pool water temperature. Linear interpolation and
Pω
Lookup from pool table in Air Temperature and Pressure
section below based on ambient temperature and relative
Pdp humidity (RH) or city, respectively. Linear interpolation and
From application. Hours shall reflect the total annual hours
hrs through the swimming season (number of days between
season opening and season closing x 24).
From application. Hours shall reflect the total hours pool
covered during the swimming season. Set equal to 0 if pool
is left uncovered throughout swimming season.
hrscover If installing a heat pump pool heater in conjunction with a
newly added pool cover, calculate savings from this measure
without pool cover consideration and calculate savings from
pool cover with efficiency of heat pump pool heater.
Based on cost savings from DOE for gas and heat pump pool
heater savings.1472
Effectiveness of Pool Covers to Reduce Evaporation from
ESFcover,evap 0.95
Swimming Pools. 1473

1471
60%) and applying the following assumption for wind velocity: Outdoor sheltered pools experience wind speeds
between 3.5 and 5 mph (10.5x0.5) and outdoor unsheltered pools experience wind speeds above 5 mph
(10.5x0.5x1.25).
1472
1473
1474


City Tmain (F)
Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0

Lookup saturation vapor pressure taken at surface water temperature from the table below, based
on pool temperature.1476
Pool Temperature, Tpool (F) Pω (in Hg)

72 0.79
74 0.85
76 0.91
78 0.97
80 1.03
82 1.10
84 1.18

Lookup Tamb and Pdp from the table below based on location. Ambient temperature averages for
outdoor pools apply a 5-month swimming season1477.

City
Albany 68.6 0.44
Buffalo 68.3 0.43
Massena 66.0 0.43
NYC 72.5 0.48
Syracuse 68.3 0.44
1475
1476
Saturation.
1477
It is assumed that heated pools operate for 5 months per year; May 1 through Sept 30.
1478
Sept 30.

Activity Factor
Activity Factor considers activity level of the pool, allowing for splashing and a limited area of
wetted deck.1479 Look up Activity Factor from the table below based on pool application.
Type of Pool Activity Factor (AF)

Condominium 0.65
Therapy 0.65
Hotel 0.80
Public, School 1.00
Whirlpool 1.00
Wavepool, Water Slide 1.50


The baseline condition for this measure is an electric resistance or fossil fuel-fired pool heater. For
New Construction, use gas baseline values if there is existing gas service to the property –
otherwise, use electric baseline values.

The compliance condition is an AHRI-certified heat pump pool heater.
Operating Hours
The annual operating hours shall be taken from application based on the number of total hours of
facility’s swimming season and total hours pool is covered during the swimming season.

A gas pool heater is replaced with a heat pump pool heater at an outdoor pool at a public school
with some wind sheltering located near Albany. The pool is open 3 months (2,208 hours) per
year. The pool is covered every night, for 12 hours/day (1,104 hours/year). The pool is 75 ft by
35 ft and has 80,000 gallons of water. The pool temperature is maintained at 78ºF. The pool is
drained once annually on average for cleaning and maintenance. The replaced gas pool heater
has an efficiency of 86% and the heat pump pool heater has an efficiency of 5.0 COP. Annual
Electric Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ×( − )
1479


where:

Tpool = 78, from application

Tamb = 68.6, from application
Apool = width x length = 75’ x 35’ = 2,625’
Width and length from application
U = 5.3, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on conditions from
application
hrscover = 1,104, from application
ESFcover,surface = 0.8, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FReheat = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
AF = 1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Pω = 0.97, from Saturation Vapor Pressure section based on pool temperature from application
Pdp = 0.44, from Ambient Air Temperature and Pressure section based on location from
application
ESFcover,evap = 0.95, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Felec,baseline = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
Ffuel,baseline = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on application
Et,baseline = 0.86, from application
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = (78 − 68.6) × 2,625 × 5.3 × [2,208 − (1,104 × 0.8)]

= 173,254,032 𝐵𝑡𝑢
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑅𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 80,000 × 8.33 × (78 − 55.4) × 1 = 15,060,640 𝐵𝑡𝑢
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 0.1 × 1.0 × 2,625 × (0.97 − 0.44) × (78 − 55.4)

× [2,208 − (1,104 × 0.95)] = 3,644,785.62 𝐵𝑡𝑢

(173,254,032 + 15,060,640 + 3,644,785.62) 1

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × (0 − )
3,412 5.0
= −11,252.02 𝑘𝑊ℎ
(173,254,032 + 15,060,640 + 3,644,785) 1

1,000,000 0.86

See Appendix P.


Higher efficiency heat pump pool heaters may require fewer pool water circulations through the
pool pump, alleviating some of the pool pump energy load. This energy impact is not considered
in the methodology for this measure.
References
1. 2019 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 6: Indoor Swimming Pools
2. 2019 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 51: Service Water Heating
3. 2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 1, Psychrometrics
se10.3.430_132
Available from:
Available from:
eport.pdf

9. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Healthy Swimming, Operating Public
Swimming Pools, accessed 6/18/2021.
Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/swimming/aquatics-
professionals/operating-public-swimming-pools.html
Record of Revision
7-21-18 8/30/2021
3-22-10 4/29/2022

HIGH EFFICIENCY TRANSFORMER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of new electric transformers (i.e. not refurbished equipment)
exceeding codes and standards required efficiency in commercial and industrial applications.
These transformers are used to step down power from distribution voltage to serve HVAC, process
and plug loads in commercial and industrial facilities.
This measure is only applicable to low-voltage dry-type distribution transformers, liquid-

immersed distribution transformers, and medium-voltage dry-type distribution transformers
installed behind the meter, for which minimum federal efficiency standards are defined.
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑘𝑉𝐴 × ( − ) × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑃𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑘𝑉𝐴 × ( − ) × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑃𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
where:
kVA = Power rating of the transformer, in kVA
Eff = Efficiency rating of transformer (must be entered as a decimal value)
PF = Power Factor, ratio of real power to apparent power supplied to the transformer
LF = Load Factor, ratio of average annual transformer load to peak load rating

kVA From application.
Lookup based on transformer type, phase and kVA rating
Effbaseline
in Baseline Efficiency section below.


From application. Can be approximated as total annual
LF facility kWh consumption divided by the product of
transformer kVA rating and 8,760.
PF From application. If unavailable, use 1.0 as default.1480
hrs From application. If unknown, use 8,760.
CF 1.0


The baseline condition is a minimally code compliant commercial transformer of type and kVA
rating equivalent to the efficient equipment.
Low-Voltage Dry-Type Distribution Transformers.1482,1483

The baseline efficiency for low-voltage dry-type distribution transformers shall be established
based on phase and kVA rating from the table below. Low-voltage dry-type distribution
transformers with kVA ratings not appearing in the table shall have their minimum efficiency level
determined by linear interpolation of the kVA and efficiency values immediately above and below
that kVA rating.
Single-phase Three-phase
kVA Efficiency (%) kVA Efficiency (%)
15 97.70 15 97.89
25 98.00 30 98.23
37.5 98.20 45 98.40
50 98.30 75 98.60
75 98.50 112.5 98.74
100 98.60 150 98.83
167 98.70 225 98.94
250 98.80 300 99.02
333 98.90 500 99.14
750 99.23
1,000 99.28
1480
Default unity power factor as used in the test procedures provided by US DOE. Energy Conservation Program:
Test Procedures for Distribution Transformers; Final Rule. Effective May 30, 2006.
1481
Coincidence factor for distribution transformers is 1.0 by definition.
1482
10 CFR 431.196(a)(2).
1483
ECCCNYS 2020, Table C405.6.

Liquid-Immersed Distribution Transformers1484

The baseline efficiency for liquid-immersed distribution transformers shall be established based
on phase and kVA rating from the table below. Liquid-immersed distribution transformers with
kVA ratings not appearing in the table shall have their minimum efficiency level determined by
linear interpolation of the kVA and efficiency -values immediately above and below that kVA
rating.
kVA Efficiency (%) kVA Efficiency (%)
10 98.70 15 98.65
15 98.82 30 98.83
25 98.95 45 98.92
37.5 99.05 75 99.03
50 99.11 112.5 99.11
75 99.19 150 99.16
100 99.25 225 99.23
167 99.33 300 99.27
250 99.39 500 99.35
333 99.43 750 99.40
500 99.49 1000 99.43
667 99.52 1500 99.48
833 99.55 2000 99.51
2500 99.53
1484
10 CFR 431.196(b)(2).

Medium-Voltage Dry-Type Distribution Transformers1485

The baseline efficiency for a medium-voltage dry-type distribution transformer shall be
established based on phase, BIL and kVA rating from the table below. Medium-voltage dry-type
distribution transformers with kVA ratings not appearing in the table shall have their minimum
efficiency level determined by linear interpolation of the kVA and efficiency values immediately
above and below that kVA rating.
BIL* BIL
20-45 kV 46-95 kV ≥96 kV 20-45 kV 46-95 kV ≥96 kV
kVA kVA
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
15 98.10 97.86 15 97.50 97.18
25 98.33 98.12 30 97.90 97.63
37.5 98.49 98.30 45 98.10 97.86
50 98.60 98.42 75 98.33 98.13
75 98.73 98.57 98.53 112.5 98.52 98.36
100 98.82 98.67 98.63 150 98.65 98.51
167 98.96 98.83 98.80 225 98.82 98.69 98.57
250 99.07 98.95 98.91 300 98.93 98.81 98.69
333 99.14 99.03 98.99 500 99.09 98.99 98.89
500 99.22 99.12 99.09 750 99.21 99.12 99.02
667 99.27 99.18 99.15 1,000 99.28 99.20 99.11
833 99.31 99.23 99.20 1,500 99.37 99.30 99.21
2,000 99.43 99.36 99.28
2,500 99.47 99.41 99.33
*BIL = Basic impulse insulation level
Note: All efficiency values are at 50 percent of nameplate rated load, determined according to the DOE Test Method
for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Distribution Transformers under Appendix A to Subpart K of 10 CFR part
431.

The compliance condition is a new electric transformer exceeding codes and standards required
efficiency. The efficiency of the compliant equipment must exceed the efficiency of the baseline
equipment.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application. If transformer operating hours are unknown, use
8,760 as default.
1485
10 CFR 431.196(c)(2).


A low-voltage three phase dry-type distribution transformer with a power rating of 75 kVA
and 99.20% efficiency and an estimated load factor of 22% is installed at a commercial
facility, replacing an existing transformer with an efficiency of 98.60%. The facility operates
8,600 hours annually. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑘𝑉𝐴 × ( − ) × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑃𝐹 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑘𝑉𝐴 × ( − ) × 𝐿𝐹 × 𝑃𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
kVA = 75, from application.

Effbaseline = 0.9860, from Baseline Efficiency section based on transformer type, phase and
kVA rating
Effee = 0.9920, from application.
PF = 1.0, from application
Hrs = 8,600, from application
CF=1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 75 × ( − ) × 0.22 × 1.0 × 8,600 = 870.45 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.9860 0.9920
1 1
∆𝑘𝑊 = 75 × ( − ) × 0.22 × 1.0 × 1.0 = 0.101 𝑘𝑊
0.9860 0.9920

See Appendix P.

Installation of high efficiency transformers reduces waste heat, which impacts heating loads when
this equipment is installed in conditioned spaces. These effects are not quantified in the prescribed
savings estimation methodology for this measure at this time.

Installation of high efficiency transformers reduces waste heat, which impacts heating loads when
this equipment is installed in conditioned spaces. These effects are not quantified in the prescribed
savings estimation methodology for this measure at this time.

References
1. 10 CFR Part 431 Docket No. EE -TP-98-550, Energy Conservation
Program: Test Procedures for Distribution Transformers.
Available from: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2006-04-27/pdf/06-3165.pdf
2. 10 CFR 431.196: Appendix A to Subpart K for Measuring the Energy Consumption of
Distribution Transformer.
Available here: https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
idx?SID=cfc3276c3d076eb67bbf51af135e2a9c&mc=true&node=sp10.3.431.k&rgn=div6
#se10.3.431_1196
3. ECCCNYS 2020, Table C405.6 Minimum Nominal Efficiency Levels for 10 CFR 431
Low-Voltage Dry-Type Distribution Transformers.
Available here: https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/NYSECC2020P1/chapter-4-ce-
Record of Revision
3-21-16 4/9/2021

HIGH FREQUENCY BATTERY CHARGER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of high frequency battery chargers replacing existing
ferroresonant, SCR (silicon-controlled rectifier) or hybrid charging technology. Industrial high-
frequency battery chargers are used for portable industrial equipment like forklifts and airport
transport equipment in factories, warehouses and similar facilities. They convert standard AC
power to DC power stored in batteries. System inefficiencies occur during charging, charge
maintenance and standby.
This measure is only applicable to high frequency battery chargers with a rated input power of
more than 2 kW and may be single phase or three phase. This measure does not apply to vehicle
chargers or smaller chargers like those used for golf carts.
𝐶𝑅𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝑅𝐹𝑒𝑒
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = {𝐶𝑎𝑝 × 𝐷𝑂𝐷 × 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 × ( − )
𝑃𝐶𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑃𝐶𝐸𝑒𝑒
(𝑊𝑀𝑀,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑀𝑀 ) + (𝑊𝑁𝐵𝑀,𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑁𝐵𝑀 )
+[
1,000
(𝑊𝑀𝑀,𝑒𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑀𝑀 ) + (𝑊𝑁𝐵𝑀,𝑒𝑒 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑁𝐵𝑀 )
− ]} × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
𝑃𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑃𝐹𝑒𝑒 𝐴
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( − )×𝑉× × 𝐶𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 )
𝑃𝐶𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑃𝐶𝐸𝑒𝑒 1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = {𝐶𝑎𝑝 × 𝐷𝑂𝐷 × 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 × ( − )
+[
1,000
− ]} × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
where:
Cap = Nameplate capacity of battery (in kWh)
DOD = Depth of discharge

Chargeyear = Number of charging cycles per year

CRF = Charge return factor, the ratio of energy out of the battery versus the energy into
the battery.
PCE = Power conversion efficiency, the ratio of energy out of charger to the energy into
charger
WMM = Power in maintenance mode, when connected battery is fully charged (watts)
WNBM = Power used by charger when no battery is connected (watts)
hrsMM = Hours per year in maintenance mode
hrsNBM = Hours per year in no battery mode
PF = Power factor of charger
V = Charger nameplate volts
A = Charger nameplate amps

Cap From application. If unknown, use 35 kWh.1486
DOD From application. If unknown, use 0.80.1487
From application. If unknown, lookup in Number of
Chargeyear
Charges Per Year table below based on facility operation.
Lookup based on existing equipment type in Baseline
CRFbaseline
PCEbaseline
From application. If unknown, lookup in Compliance
CRFee
Efficiency section below.
PCEee
WMMbaseline
WNBM,baseline
WMM,ee
1486
Jacob V. Renquist, Brian Dickman, and Thomas H. Bradley: “Economic Comparison of fuel cell powered
forklifts to battery powered forklifts”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Volume 37, Issue 17, (2012).
1487
Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0808, Industrial Battery Charger Energy
Savings Opportunities, Pacific Gas & Electric. May 29, 2009.


WNBM,ee
PFbaseline
PFee Lookup in Compliance Efficiency section below.
V From application. If unknown, use 48 volts.1488
A From application. If unknown, use 81 amps.1489
hrsNBM From application.
hrsMM From application.
HVACd Unconditioned consumption (dimensionless). Vintage and HVAC type
Exterior and HVAC interaction factor for annual fossil fuel energy
HVACff Unconditioned consumption (MMBtu/kWh), from Appendix D based on
Spaces: 0 facility type, location and HVAC type.
0 for single and
2- shift,
CF
1.0 for 3-shift
and 4-shift.
Number of Charges Per Year

Facility Operating Schedule
Number of Charges Per Year1490
(hours per day / days per week)
Single Shift
260
7AM – 3 PM, weekdays
Two Shifts
520
7AM – 11 PM, weekdays
Three Shifts
780
24 hours per day, weekdays
1,092
24 hours per day, 7 days a week
1488
Ibid. Voltage rating based on the assumption of 35 kWh battery with a normalized average amp-hour capacity of
760 Ah charged over a 7.5 hour charge cycle.
1489
Ibid. Ampere rating based on the assumption of 35 kWh battery with a normalized average amp-hour capacity of
760 Ah charged over a 7.5 hour charge cycle.
1490
Values are based on an estimated one charge per 8-hour shift.


The recommended value for the coincidence factor is 0.0 for single shift and two shift and 1.0 for
three and forth shift.1491

The baseline condition is a ferroresonant, SCR or hybrid battery charger with a minimum of single
shift operation as shown in the table below.1492
Equipment Type CRFbaseline PCEbaseline WMM, baseline WNBM, baseline PFbaseline

Ferroresonant 1.15 0.85 81.7 18.2 0.92
SCR 1.18 0.85 137.1 125.3 0.76
Hybrid 1.12 0.86 62.3 14.1 0.91
Unknown 1.16 0.85 99.9 55.4 0.86

The compliance condition is a high frequency battery charger with a minimum 8-hour shift
operation five days per week, with CRF, PCE and PF meeting or exceeding and WMM and WNBM
at or below the values shown in the table below. 1493
Equipment Type CRFee PCEee WMM,ee WNBM,ee PFee

High Frequency 1.15 0.92 48.4 48.4 0.96
Operating Hours
Annual operating hours are embedded in number of charges per year term and shall come from
application or shall be based on facility operating schedule. Annual maintenance mode and no
battery mode hours shall come from application.

A high frequency battery charger is installed, replacing an SCR charger for a forklift in a
single shift warehouse near Albany. The charger has 33kWh capacity, 82% depth of
discharge, charge return factor of 0.93, nameplate voltage of 50 V, nameplate amps of 80 A
and draws 48.4 W in maintenance mode and 40.4W when no battery is connected. Time spent
in maintenance mode is estimated at 1,150 hours per year and time spent in no battery mode is
625 hours per year. The warehouse is equipped with central air conditioning and gas heat.
1491
Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0808, Industrial Battery Charger Energy
Savings Opportunities, Pacific Gas & Electric. May 29, 2009.
1492
Field Study of Industrial High Frequency Battery Chargers, MN Department of Commerce, pg 11. The
‘unknown’ baseline equipment type is derived as a weighted average of ferroresonant, SCR and hybrid batteries.
The population fraction was derived from Table 1 of the MN study.
1493
Ibid.

𝑘𝑊ℎ = {𝐶𝑎𝑝 × 𝐷𝑂𝐷 × 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 × ( − )
+[
1,000
− ]} × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑐 )
1,000
𝑃𝐹𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑃𝐹𝑒𝑒 𝐴
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( − )×𝑉× × 𝐶𝐹 × (1 + 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑑 )
𝑃𝐶𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑃𝐶𝐸𝑒𝑒 1,000
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = {𝐶𝑎𝑝 × 𝐷𝑂𝐷 × 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 × ( − )
+[
1,000
− ]} × 𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶𝑓𝑓
1,000
Cap = 33, from application

DOD = 0.82, from application
Chargeyear = 260, from Number of Charges Per Year table below based on facility operation.
CRFbaseline = 1.18, from existing equipment type in Baseline Efficiencies section
PCEbaseline = 0.85, from existing equipment type in Baseline Efficiencies section
CRFee = 1.15, from application
PCEee= 0.93, from application
WMMbaseline = 137.1, from existing equipment type in Baseline Efficiencies section
WNBM,baseline = 125.3, from existing equipment type in Baseline Efficiencies section
WMM,ee = 48.4, from application
WNBM,ee = 40.4, from application
PFbaseline = 0.76, from existing equipment type in Baseline Efficiencies section
PFee = 0.96, in Compliance Efficiency section below.
V = 50 V, from application
A = 80 amps, from application
hrsNBM = 625 hrs/year, from application.
hrsMM = 1,150 hrs/year, from application.
HVACc = 0.063, from Appendix D based on building type, city and vintage
HVACd = 0.200, from Appendix D based on building type, city and vintage
HVACff = -0.001, from Appendix D based on building type, city and vintage
CF = 0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

1.18 1.15
𝑘𝑊ℎ = {33 × 0.82 × 260 × ( − )
0.85 0.93
(137.1 × 1,150) + (125.3 × 625) (48.4 × 1,150) + (40.4 × 625)
+[ − ]}
1,000 1,000
× (1 + 0.063) = 1,299 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.76 0.96 80
∆𝑘𝑊 = ( − ) × 50 × × 0 × (1 + 0.200) = 0
0.85 0.93 1,000
1.18 1.15
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = {33 × 0.82 × 260 × ( − )
0.85 0.93
(137.1 × 1,150) + (125.3 × 625) (48.4 × 1,150) + (40.4 × 625)
+[ − ]}
1,000 1,000
× −0.001 = −1.22 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢

See Appendix P.

Ancillary effects are captured in the prescribed methodology detailed above. The HVAC

Ancillary effects are captured in the prescribed methodology detailed above. The HVAC
References
1. Emerging Technologies Program Application Assessment Report #0808, Industrial
Battery Charger Energy Savings Opportunities, Pacific Gas & Electric. May 29, 2009.
Available from: https://www.etcc-ca.com/reports/forklift-battery-charger?dl=1607628531
2. Jacob V. Renquist, Brian Dickman, and Thomas H. Bradley: “Economic Comparison of
fuel cell powered forklifts to battery powered forklifts”, International Journal of
Hydrogen Energy Volume 37, Issue 17, (2012).
3. Field Study of Industrial High Frequency Battery Chargers, September 8, 2017.
Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy Resources.
Available from:
https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/CARDS/security/search.do?documentId=%7b7
849AB55-DFC6-4F87-AC80-BD0356BB32D9%7d

Record of Revision
3-21-17 4/9/2021

HIGH VISCOSITY I NDEX INDUSTRIAL LUBRICANT – GEAR BOX

Measure Description
This measure covers application of lubricants with high viscosity index ratings in industrial gear
reduction systems. Commercial and industrial gear reduction systems use lubricants to lower the
coefficient of friction between gears meshing together. Gear oils also protect critical components
from premature wear. Two key areas contribute to energy losses in these industrial systems:
mechanical losses (energy lost to the friction of gears meshing) and volumetric losses (energy lost
as the result of fluid leakage). A high viscosity index allows the lubricant to maintain constant
viscosity over a range of operating temperatures which optimizes volumetric and mechanical
efficiency and decreases energy losses.
This measure is applicable to gear reduction systems. All lubricants installed under this measure
are to be tested in accordance with all pertinent federal testing standards (ASTM).
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 𝐶𝐹
𝐸𝑓𝑓
where:
hp = Rated horsepower of motor
LF = Average load factor for a constant speed pump
Eff = Rated motor efficiency
hrs = Annual hours of motor operation
ESF = Energy savings Factor


LF From application. If unknown, assume 0.75.1494
Eff From application.
ESF 0.033 Focus on Energy Verification Study.1495,1496


The baseline condition is a gear reduction system operating with a low-viscosity lubricant.

The compliance condition is a gear reduction system operating with a high-viscosity lubricant with
a viscosity index of greater than 110.1498
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application.

The lubricant in a gear box system with a 100 hp motor is replaced with a lubricant with a
viscosity index greater than 110. The 100 hp motor has a loading of 70%, a rated efficiency of
93%, and is operational 2,000 hours annually.
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
𝐸𝑓𝑓

1494
DOE, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency, pg 1. Assumes average load factor for maximum
efficiency.
1495
Ibid, pg. 1.
1496
Focus on Energy Press Release, Plastics Today, Lubricant Improves Efficiency in New Study, October 30, 2017
1497
1498
Focus on Energy Emerging Technologies Program, EVCO Plastics High Efficiency Hydraulic Fluid
Measurement and Verification Study, 2017, pg. 3.


100 × 0.7 × 0.746

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 2,000 × 0.033 = 3,706.93 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.93
100 × 0.7 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.033 × 0.8 = 1.48 𝑘𝑊
0.93

See Appendix P.


References
1. Department of Energy, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency, Motor
Challenge, Fact Sheet.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/04/f15/10097517.pdf
2. Focus on Energy Emerging Technologies Program, EVCO Plastics High Efficiency
Hydraulic Fluid Measurement and Verification Study, 2017.
3. Focus on Energy Press Release, Plastics Today, Lubricant Improves Efficiency in New
Study, October 30, 2017.
Available from: https://www.plasticstoday.com/injection-molding/evco-plastics-and-
exxonmobil-prove-lubricant-improves-efficiency-new-study
Record of Revision
12-21-21 1/28/2022

HIGH VISCOCITY INDEX INDUSTRIAL LUBRICANT – HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Measure Description
This measure covers application of lubricants with high viscosity index ratings in industrial
hydraulic systems. Commercial and industrial hydraulic systems use lubricants to transfer input
energy to output power by converting the mechanical energy of the prime mover into fluid flow.
Hydraulic oils also protect critical components from premature wear. Two key areas contribute to
energy losses in these industrial systems: mechanical losses (energy lost to fluid friction between
rotating pump equipment and hydraulic oil) and volumetric losses (energy lost as the result of
internal fluid leakage within the pump). A high viscosity index allows the lubricant to maintain a
constant viscosity over a range of operating temperatures which optimizes volumetric and
mechanical efficiency at a pump’s rated output and decreases energy losses.
This measure is applicable to hydraulic systems. All lubricants installed under this measure are to
be tested in accordance with all pertinent federal testing standards (ASTM).
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
𝐸𝑓𝑓
where:
hp = Rated horsepower of motor
LF = Average load factor for a constant speed pump
Eff = Rated motor efficiency
hrs = Annual hours of motor operation
ESF = Energy savings Factor


LF From application. If unknown, assume 0.75.1499
Eff From application.
ESF 0.033 Focus on Energy Verification Study.1500,1501


The baseline condition is a hydraulic system operating with a low-viscosity lubricant.

The compliance condition is a hydraulic system operating with a high-viscosity lubricant with a
viscosity index of greater than 110.1503
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall come from application.

The lubricant in a hydraulic injection molding machine is replaced with a lubricant with a
viscosity index greater than 110. The 50 hp motor has an average loading of 35%, a rated
efficiency of 92%, and is operational 6,000 hrs annually.
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
𝐸𝑓𝑓
ℎ𝑝 × 𝐿𝐹 × 0.746
𝐸𝑓𝑓

1499
DOE, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency, pg. 1. Assumes average load factor for maximum
efficiency.
1500
Ibid, pg. 1.
1501
Focus on Energy Press Release, Plastics Today, Lubricant Improves Efficiency in New Study, October 30, 2017.
1502
1503
Focus on Energy Emerging Technologies Program, EVCO Plastics High Efficiency Hydraulic Fluid
Measurement and Verification Study, 2017, pg. 3.


50 × 0.35 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = × 6,000 × 0.033 = 2,809.66 𝑘𝑊ℎ
0.92
50 × 0.35 × 0.746
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 0.033 × 0.8 = 0.375 𝑘𝑊
0.92

See Appendix P.


References
1. Department of Energy, Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency, Motor
Challenge, Fact Sheet.
Available from: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/04/f15/10097517.pdf
2. Focus on Energy Emerging Technologies Program, EVCO Plastics High Efficiency
Hydraulic Fluid Measurement and Verification Study, 2017.
3. Focus on Energy Press Release, Plastics Today, Lubricant Improves Efficiency in New
Study, October 30, 2017.
Available from: https://www.plasticstoday.com/injection-molding/evco-plastics-and-
exxonmobil-prove-lubricant-improves-efficiency-new-study
Record of Revision
12-21-22 1/28/2022

SOLAR POOL COVER

Measure Description
This measure is applicable to solar pool covers, which are partially transparent plastic covers that
allow solar heat to transfer to the pool water without allowing heat out of the pool. Solar pool
covers are typically made of several sheets of plastic with an inner layer of air bubbles. This design
ensures the cover can float on the pool surface. Solar pool covers are assumed to be removed when
the pool is open and in place when the pool is closed.
The solar pool cover measure is intended to reflect the installation of new solar pool covers on
heated pools. Solar pool covers are meant to be used during the pool’s off-hours to insulate and
heat the pool water, while also preventing evaporation of the pool water.
Pools must have an existing or newly installed pool heater to be eligible for savings. Seasonal pool
covers are not eligible. This measure is restricted to outdoor pools only.
∆𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 × ( )×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 3.412
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝐹𝑓𝑓 × ( )×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 1,000
where:
[(𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟,𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 ) + (𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟,𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 )] ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟

∆𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 = ×
1,000 ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = (𝑇𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 − 𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 ) × 𝐴𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 𝑈 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 0.1 × 𝐴𝐹 × 𝐴𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × (Pω − 𝑃𝑑𝑝 ) × (𝑇𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:

Felec = Electric pool heating factor; use to account for the presence or absence of an
electric pool heater
Fff = Fossil fuel pool heating factor; use to account for the presence or absence of a
fossil fuel pool heater
ΔkBTUcover = Annual reduction of heat loss due to installation of cover
Effpoolheater = Efficiency of pool heater
BTUsurface = Convective loss from the surface of the pool to the surrounding air
BTUevap = Water evaporated from the surface of the pool to the surrounding area
heat losses

If pool heater is electric, set equal to 1. Otherwise, set
Felec
equal to 0.
If pool heater is fossil-fuel fired, set equal to 1.
Fff
Effpoolheater From application. If unknown, see table below.
Based on cost savings from DOE for gas and heat
pump pool heater savings1505
Effectiveness of Pool Covers to Reduce Evaporation
ESFcover,evap 0.95
from Swimming Pools. 1506
1504
1505
1506


From application. If unknown, assume 12 hours
hrscover multiplied by the total number of days that of the pool
season.
From application. If pool temperature is not known,
Tpool liner interpolation and extrapolation is acceptable to
establish values.
For outdoor pool ambient temperature, lookup in
Tamb Outdoor Pool table in the Air Temperature and
Pressure section below based on nearest city.
Supply water temperature in water main (ºF). Lookup
nearest city.
determining the area of common pool shapes as
follows:

Apool
Kidney Shaped: 0.45 x length x (width at one end x
width at other end)
Rectangular: length x width.

Outdoor pool,
sheltered: 5.3
Outdoor pool,
unsheltered: 6.6
Lookup from table in Activity Factor section below
AF
based on pool function.
Lookup from Saturation Vapor Pressure section below
Pω
based on pool water temperature.
Lookup from indoor or outdoor pool tables in Air
Temperature and Pressure section below based on
Pdp
ambient temperature and relative humidity (RH) or
city, respectively.
1507
Applications, 2019, pg. 51.25.
1508
60%) and applying the following assumption for wind velocity: Indoor pools experience wind speeds less than 3.5
mph (10.5x0.5x0.75), outdoor sheltered pools experience wind speeds between 3.5 and 5 mph (10.5x0.5), and
outdoor unsheltered pools experience wind speeds above 5 mph (10.5x0.5x1.25).


From application. Hours shall reflect the total annual
hrs hours through the swimming season (number of days
between season opening and season closing x 24).
Efficiency of Pool Heater by Heater Type

Pool Heater Type Effpoolheater Source
Heat pump pool heater COP’s range from 3.0
Electric Heat Pump Pool Heater 5.0 COP
to 7.0.
Electric Resistance Pool Heater 1.0 COP Standard for electric resistance heating.
Gas Pool Heater 0.82 10 CFR 430.32 (k)(2).

City Tamb1510 (F) Tmain (F)

Albany 49.4 55.4
Buffalo 49.1 55.1
Massena 45.1 51.1
NYC 54.7 60.7
Syracuse 49.0 55.0

Lookup saturation vapor pressure taken at surface water temperature from the table below, based
on pool temperature.1511
Pool Temperature, Tpool (F) Pω (in Hg)

72 0.79
74 0.85
76 0.91
78 0.97
80 1.03
82 1.10
84 1.18
1509
1510
1511
Saturation.


For outdoor pools, lookup Tamb and Pdp from the table below based on location. Ambient
temperature averages for outdoor pools apply a 4-month swimming season1512.

City
Albany 68.6 0.44
Buffalo 68.3 0.43
Massena 66.0 0.43
NYC 72.5 0.48
Syracuse 68.3 0.44
Activity Factor
Activity Factor considers activity level of the pool, allowing for splashing and a limited area of
wetted deck.1514 Look up Activity Factor from the table below based on pool application.
Type of Pool Activity Factor (AF)

Condominium 0.65
Therapy 0.65
Hotel 0.80
Public, School 1.00
Whirlpool 1.00
Wavepool, Water Slide 1.50


The baseline condition assumes no existing solar or nighttime cover. Existing seasonal covers used
during the off season are not considered baseline.

The compliance condition is an outdoor pool with a solar pool cover.
1512
heated and operate for 5 months per year, giving an average of 4 months of usage per year; June 1 through Sept 30.
1513
Sept 30.
1514

Operating Hours
Operating hours shall reflect the total annual hours of the swimming season. Covered hours are
reflective of the times the pool cover is in use and should not reflect the times the pool is in use.
Covered hours will correlate to the hours the pool is unoccupied during the seasons that the pool
is filled for use.

A solar pool cover is installed on a heated, unsheltered outdoor pool at a public school near
Albany. The swimming season spans 90 days or 2,160 hours per year. The cover is in place for
12 hours per day or 1,080 hours per year during the swimming season. The surface area of the
rectangular pool is 1,200 square feet. The efficiency of the pool heater is 82% and the
temperature of the pool is set to 72 F. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝐹𝑓𝑓 × ( )×
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 1,000
where:
[(𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟,𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 ) + (𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟,𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 )]

∆𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 =
1,000
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟
×
ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = (𝑇𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 − 𝑇𝑎𝑚𝑏 ) × 𝐴𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × 𝑈 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 0.1 × 𝐴𝐹 × 𝐴𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 × (Pω − 𝑃𝑑𝑝 ) × (𝑇𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑙 − 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
Tpool = 72 F, from application

Tamb = 68.6 F, from Cold Water Inlet Temperature Table
Tmain= 55.4 F, from Cold Water Inlet Temperature Table
U = 6.6, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
hrs = 2,160 hours, from application.
AF = 1, from Activity Factor table based on type of pool
Apool = 1,200 SF, from application
ESFcover,surface = 0.80, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
ESFcover,evap = 0.95, , from Summary of Variables and Data Sources
Pω = 0.79, from Saturation Vapor Pressure table based on pool temperature
Pdp = 0.44, from Ambient Air Temperature and Pressure table based on city
Effpoolheater = 0.82, from application
hrscover = 1,080 hours, from application
Fff = 1, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources

𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = (72 − 68.6) × 1,200 × 6.6 × 2,160 = 58,164,480
𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 0.1 × 1 × 1,200 × (0.79 − 0.44) × (72 − 55.4) × 2,160 = 1,505,952
[(58,164,480 × 0.8) + (1,505,952 × 0.95)] 1,080

∆𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 = × = 23,981.12 𝑘𝐵𝑇𝑈
1,000 2,160
23,981.12 1
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 1 × ( )× = 29.24 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.82 1,000

See Appendix P.


While indoor pools may achieve some additional savings from the reduced ventilation required
to remove the evaporated pool water, no relevant studies have been performed to date that would
allow quantification of these impacts. Until additional information is available, these impacts are
excluded from the prescribed formulation of savings.
References
1. 2019 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 6: Indoor Swimming Pools.
2. 2019 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications, Chapter 51: Service Water Heating.
3. 2017 ASHRAE Handbook – Fundamentals, Chapter 1, Psychrometrics.
se10.3.430_132
Available from:


Available from:
eport.pdf
Record of Revision
7-21-19 8/30/2021

PROCESS EQUIPMENT
OZONE GENERATOR FOR ON-PREMISES LAUNDRY

Measure Description
This measure covers the addition of an ozone (O3) generator to on-site commercial-grade laundry
equipment, such as those found in hotels, nursing homes, health fitness centers and correctional
facilities. Ozone helps break down soils into smaller molecules allowing simple agitation to release
them from fabrics. As a result, ozone is a good alternative to conventional detergents and bleach,
and allows washing machines to clean effectively using significantly less hot water. Using ozone
in the wash cycle reduces the need for hot water and, in many situations, eliminates the need for
hot water entirely. In addition, demonstration projects have found reductions in chemical and
detergent use, as well as a reduction in overall water use.
This measure is only applicable to facilities with fossil fuel-fired water heating.
Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings1515
(𝐻𝑠𝑒𝑡 − 𝐻𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × 8.33

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝑊𝑈𝐹 × 𝐻𝑊𝑈𝐹 × 𝐻𝑊𝑅𝐹 × 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟 × 1,000,000
where:
Hset = Enthalpy of water at the hot water setpoint temperature (BTU/lb)
Hmain = Enthalpy of water at the main water supply temperature (BTU/lb)
Effboiler = Thermal efficiency of the hot water boiler
WUF = Washer Utilization Factor, a measure of the runtime of a typical laundry facility
(lbs laundry/lbs capacity)
HWUF = Hot Water Usage Factor, a measure of efficiency of baseline system (gal/lb)
HWRF = Hot Water Reduction Factor
Load = Washer capacity in pounds of laundry
Pacific Gas & Electric Company, Work Paper PGECOAPP123, Ozone Laundry Nonresidential, Revision 6,
1515
August 22, 2017.

8.33 = Density of water (lb/gal)


From application. Enthalpies for certain water setpoint
temperatures are listed in the Water Setpoint Enthalpy table
Hset
below (°F). 1516 Linear interpolation is permitted for water
setpoint temperatures falling between provided temperatures.
Supply water enthalpy in water main. Lookup in Cold Water
Hmain
Inlet Enthalpy table below based on nearest city.
Effboiler 0.80 Thermal Efficiency of fossil fuel-fired boiler.1517
Washer Utilization Factor, a measure of washer user rate,
WUF 4,380 median value from the California ozone laundry demonstration
projects.1518
Hot Water Usage Factor, average hot water usage by baselines
HWUF 1.34 system per pound of laundry from the California demonstration
projects.1519
Hot Water Reduction Factor, average reduction of hot water
HWRF 0.86 reduction due to the use of ozone from the California
demonstration projects.1520
Load From application.
Water Setpoint Enthalpy (Hset) 1521

Water Setpoint Water Setpoint
Hset (BTU/lb) Hset (BTU/lb)
Temperature (°F) Temperature (°F)
140 107.98 180 148.01
150 117.97 190 158.05
160 127.98 200 168.10
170 137.99
Cold Water Inlet Enthalpy (Hmain)

annual average outdoor temperature plus 6F.1522 Supply main enthalpies and temperatures based
on the annual outdoor temperature are shown below.
1516
Enthalpy obtained from ASHRAE Fundamentals.
1517
10 CFR 431.110 (a).
1518
PG&E Work Paper PGECOAPP123, Revision 4. Table 6.
1519
Ibid. Table 7.
1520
Ibid. Table 8.
1521
Enthalpy obtained from ASHRAE Fundamentals.
1522


City Temperature Main (F) Hmain1524 (BTU/lb)
Albany 49.4 55.4 23.47
Binghamton 46.8 52.8 20.87
Buffalo 49.1 55.1 23.17
Massena 45.1 51.1 19.17
NYC 54.7 60.7 28.78
Poughkeepsie 50.9 56.9 24.98
Syracuse 49.0 55.0 23


The baseline condition is an existing on-premises laundry facility using commercial grade laundry
machines without an existing ozone generator, and either a fossil fuel-fired boiler or fossil fuel-
fired water heater supplying hot water to the laundry equipment. The baseline efficiency of the
water heating system is assumed to be 80% for these deemed measure savings.1525

The energy efficient condition is the addition of a new ozone generator to the on-premises laundry
facility. The following specific requirements apply:
• The washing capacity of each washing machine supplied by the ozone generator must be
rated at 200 pounds or less,
• Laundry systems equipped with tunnel washers are not eligible,
• The ozone laundry system must be a new purchased product and installed with either a new
or existing commercial washing machine,
• The ozone laundry system must transfer ozone into the water with either a venturi injection
or bubble diffusion process, and;
• The replacement an existing ozone generator, either operating or failed, does not qualify
for this measure.
Operating Hours
The operating hours is captured in the utilization factor. The Washer Utilization Factor, a measure
of the runtime of a typical laundry facility, as determined in California demonstration projects as
the median value of the annual pounds of laundry washed divided by the washer’s laundry capacity
in pounds which equals 4,380.
1523
1524
ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook, saturated water based on temperature mains.
1525
10 CFR 431.110 (a).


An ozone generator is added to on-site laundry equipment in a hotel near Albany. The water
heater setpoint is 140°F and the washer capacity per load is 160 lbs. Annual Electric Energy
(𝐻𝑠𝑒𝑡 − 𝐻𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 ) × 8.33

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 𝑊𝑈𝐹 × 𝐻𝑊𝑈𝐹 × 𝐻𝑊𝑅𝐹 × 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑟 × 1,000,000
Hset = 107.98, from Water Setpoint Enthalpy table based on setpoint temperature
Hmain = 23.47, from Cold Water Inlet Enthalpy table based on city.
Effboiler = 0.80, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
WUF = 4,380, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
HWUF = 1.34, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
HWRF = 0.86, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Load = 160 lbs, from application.
(107.98 − 23.47) × 8.33

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = × 4,380 × 1.34 × 0.86 × 160 = 710.66 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 × 1,000,000

See Appendix P.


Additional electric energy is required to generate ozone in the efficient case. This is offset by
pumping load savings resulting from a reduction in water consumption. As such, this methodology
does not quantify these impacts.
References
1. Work Paper PGECOAPP123, Ozone Laundry Nonresidential, Revision 4, August 22,
2017. Pacific Gas & Electric Company, Customer Energy Solutions.
Available from:

Available from:
4. U.S. Energy Information Administration, Updated Buildings Sector Appliance and
Equipment Costs and Efficiencies, June 2018.
Available from: https://www.eia.gov/analysis/studies/buildings/equipcosts/pdf/full.pdf
5. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix E Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy
Consumption of Water Heaters.
.430&r=PART&ty=HTML#ap10.3.430_127.e
Record of Revisions
3-20-13 3/30/2020

PROCESS EXHAUST FILTRATION AND RECIRCULATION

Measure Description
Process exhaust air filtration systems save energy by reducing the heat load on a make-up air
system by recirculating filtered process air instead of bringing in colder outdoor make-up air
during the heating season. Energy savings result from the reduced temperature difference through
the heat exchanger of the supply air system. The temperature difference between the filtered indoor
air and the indoor supply air temperature is much lower than the difference between outdoor air
and indoor supply air temperature. This reduction in heat load results in fossil fuel savings. Exhaust
filtration systems typically use cartridge filters and are frequently found in welding fume exhaust
and paint booth exhaust applications. Process exhaust systems must run a minimum of 2,000 hours
during the heating season to be eligible for savings claims.
𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝛥𝑃 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = − × 0.746
33,013
× 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟
5.202
𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 1.08 × ∆𝑇 × ℎ𝑟𝑠

𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 × 1,000,000
where:
kWhfan = Increased fan energy consumption due to pressure drop associated with
installation of filters.
CFM = Volumetric flow rate of eliminated make-up air unit
∆P = Pressure drop at nominal airflow across cartridge filter, in inches of water
hrs = Operating hours of process system coincident with heating season
Efffanmech = Mechanical efficiency of process exhaust fan
Efffanmotor = Efficiency of process exhaust fan motor
∆T = Average difference between process exhaust air temperature and outdoor
heating season temperature

1.08 = Specific heat of air × density of inlet air @ 70°F × 60 min/hr.1526

5.202 = Conversion factor from inches of water to pounds per square ft (lb/sq.ft.)
33,013 = Conversion factor from horsepower to ft.lb/min

∆P From application.
Efffanmech From application, if unknown use 0.67.1527
Efffanmotor From application.
From application. If unknown refer to New York weather
∆T
data table below.
From application, hours that process equipment is
hrs operating coincident with the heating season (October 1st
through May 31st).
EffFuelHeat From application. If unknown use 0.8.1528
New York Weather Data Table1529

Outdoor Winter Air Process Exhaust Air Temp Difference,
City Temp Temp ∆T
(F) (F) (F)
Albany 30.1 70 39.9
Binghamton 28.5 70 41.5
Buffalo 30.4 70 39.6
Massena 30.7 70 39.3
NYC 38.7 70 31.3
Poughkeepsie 37.2 70 32.8
Syracuse 30.1 70 39.9

1526
1527
ASHRAE 90.1 2013, Section 6.5.3.1.3
1528
Assumed standard combustion efficiency of heating equipment, Franklin Energy Services Analysis of AHRI
listed devices available 1/1/2016.
1529
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information – NCEI 1991-2020 Climate Normals. Temperatures are
based on facilities operating 2 shifts (16 hours, 7am – 11pm) during weekdays (5 days per week) during winter
months (December through March).


The baseline condition is an industrial process in which all process waste heat is expelled from the
building without heat recovery for the building’s outdoor make-up air ventilation system.

The compliance condition is an industrial process with a waste heat recovery exhaust filtration
system that can reclaim waste heat from the process exhaust through filtration and recirculation,
reducing the heating requirements of the building’s outdoor make-up air ventilation.
Operating Hours
Operating hours shall reflect hours that process equipment is operating coincident with the heating
season (October 1st through May 31st).

A process exhaust air filtration system is installed in an industrial facility in Albany to filter
and recirculate indoor process air. The flow rate of the eliminated make up air unit is rated at
200 CFM. The exhaust fan motor efficiency is 91% and the mechanical efficiency of the fan is
72%. The pressure drop across the filter is 5 psi. The average temperature differential between
outdoor air and the indoor set point temperature during the heating season is 40°F and the
process coincides with the heating season for 2,880 hours per year. The building is equipped
with central AC and gas heat. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable.
Annual Electric Energy Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are calculated as
below.
𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 𝛥𝑃 × ℎ𝑟𝑠
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = − × 0.746
33,013
× 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑛𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟
5.202
𝐶𝐹𝑀 × 1.08 × ∆𝑇 × ℎ𝑟𝑠

CFM = 200 CFM, from application.

∆P = 5, from application.
Efffanmech = 0.72, from application
Efffanmotor = 0.91, from application.
∆T= 40°F, from application
Hrs = 2,880 hours, from application
200 × 5 × 2,880
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑓𝑎𝑛 = − × 0.746 = −517 𝑘𝑊ℎ
33,013
× 0.72 × 0.91
5.202

200 × 1.08 × 40 × 2,880

0.8 × 1,000,000

See Appendix P.


References
Normals.
2. Assumed standard combustion efficiency of heating equipment, Franklin Energy Services
Analysis of AHRI listed devices available 1/1/2016.
3. ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise
Residential Buildings (I-P) Edition
4. 10 CFR 431.446 Small electric motors energy conservation standards and their effective
dates.
Available from: https://gov.ecfr.io/cgi-bin/text-
idx?SID=6fb7b94f1b9d3af4accb978144ba015c&mc=true&node=se10.3.431_1446&rgn=
div8
Record of Revisions
7-20-18 7/31/2020

STEAM TRAP - OTHER APPLICATION

Measure Description
Steam systems distribute heat from boilers to satisfy space heating, process, and commercial end-
use requirements. Steam distribution systems contain steam traps, which are automatic valves that
remove condensate, air, and other non-condensable gases, while preventing or minimizing steam
loss. Steam traps that fail open allow excess steam to escape, thus increasing the amount of steam
that must be generated to meet end-use requirements. This measure and calculations are applicable
to steam traps served by fossil fuel-fired boilers, for low, medium, and high pressure (0-3,000 psig)
non-space heating steam applications, where flash steam on the condensate side of steam traps is
not utilized for other heating processes. These steam applications include but are not limited to:
steam humidifiers, high pressure PRV stations, medium pressure PRV stations, and steam to hot
water heat exchangers. This measure does not apply to municipal steam systems. Energy savings
from the installation of a stream trap monitoring system may not be claimed in conjunction with
the saving presented in this measure.
thermostatic) 2) mechanical and 3) thermodynamic traps. A system-wide assessment of steam trap
operation and functionality is required for this measure and estimated energy savings is restricted
to the repair or replacement of failed open traps only.
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 × × × 𝐹ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐹𝐶𝑅
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4

where:
∆Hvap = Heat of vaporization (latent heat), in BTU/lb, at system operating pressure (psig)
hrs = Annual hours of steam trap operation
psia = Absolute steam pressure (psia)
psig = Steam gauge pressure (psi)
patm = Atmospheric pressure (psi) where system is vented and not a pressurized or
vacuum condensate return system; otherwise, psia should be established such that
Pa reflects the pressure differential between the inlet and outlet of the steam trap
60 = An empirically derived constant in the Grashof’s equation (lbm/ in0.06-lb0.97-
hr).1530
0.97
= An empirically derived constant in the Grashof equation

∆Hvap
pressure (psig).
Eff
From application. If unknown, use a default of 8,424 for
hrs
industrial applications1531 and 2,425 for dry cleaners.1532
1530
2” March 8, 2017. Pg. 6.
1531
Assumes constant operation except for 2 weeks out of the year when boilers are often shutoff for maintenance
1532
CLEAResult “Work Paper Steam Traps Revision #2" Revision 3 dated March 2, 2012. The CLEAResults Work
Paper is not publicly available, but is referenced by the Illinois TRM Version 6, pg. 214.


Condensate
Return: 0.36
No Condensate
Return: 1.00
From application. If unknown, defaults are provided for
Dia certain system pressure ranges in the Orifice Diameter
table below.
psia
Fhrs 0.5
Atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi) where system is vented
and not a pressurized or vacuum condensate return
Patm
system; otherwise, Patm should be established such that
psia reflects the pressure differential across the steam trap.
Heat of Vaporization (BTU/lb)1536

Heat of Heat of Heat of
Pressure Pressure Pressure
Vaporization Vaporization Vaporization
(psig) (psig) (psig)
(BTU/lb) (BTU/lb) (BTU/lb)
0 970 70 898 500 752
1 968 75 895 550 740
2 966 80 892 600 729
3 964 85 889 700 707
4 962 90 886 800 686
5 961 95 884 900 667
6 959 100 881 1,000 647
7 957 110 876 1,100 628
8 956 120 871 1,200 612
9 954 130 866 1,300 591
10 953 140 862 1,400 573
15 946 150 857 1,500 555
20 940 160 853 1,600 536
25 934 170 849 1,700 518
30 929 180 845 1,800 500
1533
Ibid, pg. 7.
1534
Ibid, pg. 17.
1535
2” Table 4-7, March 8, 2017.
1536
Calculated from NIST Standard Reference Database 10, “NIST/ASME Steam Properties,” Ver. 2.11, National
Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD, 1997.


35 924 190 842 1,900 481
40 920 200 838 2,000 462
45 916 250 821 2,250 412
50 912 300 805 2,500 357
55 908 350 791 2,750 293
60 905 400 777 3,000 209
65 901 450 764
Orifice Diameter1537
System Pressure Diameter of Orifice (in)
< 15 psig No Default
> 15 psig and < 30 psig 0.1875
> 30 psig and < 300 psig 0.2500
> 300 psig No Default


The baseline is assumed to be a leaking or blow-through steam trap failed open on a non-space
heating steam system.

The compliance condition is an intact (replaced or repaired) steam trap on a non-space heating
steam system. Replaced or repaired steam traps will no longer leak or blow-through after
installation.
Operating Hours
Operating hours of steam trap system are assumed to be 8,424 1538 for industrial and process
applications and 2,4251539 for steam traps used in dry cleaners.

Four steam traps identified during a system survey as having failed open are replaced in an
industrial process facility with an 80% gas fired steam boiler with condensate return system.
1537
Illinois TRM via ConEd Large C&I Program Impact and Process Evaluation, prepared by Navigant, August
2019, slide 74.
1538
Assumes constant operation except for 2 weeks out of the year when boilers are often shutoff for maintenance
1539
CLEAResult “Work Paper Steam Traps Revision #2" Revision 3 dated March 2, 2012, Work Paper not publicly
available, but reported in Illinois TRM Version 6, pg. 214.

Steam traps have 1/4” orifice diameter and the system has a steam gage pressure of 200 psi. The
system is pressurized an estimated 8,250 hours per year. Annual Electric Energy Savings and
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4

psia = psig + patm = 200 + 14.7 = 214.7
application
𝜋
𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 60 × × 0.252 × 214.70.97 × 0.7 × 0.37 = 139.411
4
838 8,250
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 4 × 139.411 × × × 0.5 × 0.36 = 867.44 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.80 1,000,000

See Appendix P.



References
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/Steam-Trap-Evaluation-Phase-
II.pdf
3. “NIST/ASME Steam Properties,” Ver. 2.11, National Institute of Standards and
Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD, 1997.
Available from:
http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId=%7B614F67CD
-8511-4E76-A963-38B3079505B5%7D
Record of Revision
9-18-17 9/28/2018
3-19-11 3/29/2019
3-20-12 3/30/2020
12-21-23 1/28/2022

STEAM TRAP MONITORING SYSTEM – OTHER APPLICATIONS

Measure Description
Many facilities that contain steam systems only perform steam trap surveys once a year. This can
result in significant steam loss if a steam trap actively fails open sometime between annual audits.
This measure covers the installation of automatic steam trap monitoring systems, which alert
maintenance personnel to failed steam traps, enabling rapid repair or replacement. Individual
sensors on steam traps can feed data to a hub that displays the status of each monitored steam trap.
Energy savings are based on elimination of steam trap losses occurring before the annual
maintenance inspection for leaking or blow-through steam traps. Savings are calculated similarly
to regular steam trap replacement, but due to the presence of the monitoring software, this measure
has longer lifetime savings. This steam trap monitoring system measure considers the energy
savings resulting from the repair/replacement of steam traps throughout the lifetime of the
monitoring system, and additional energy savings from other methodologies may not be claimed.
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 × × × 𝐹𝐹𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑑 × 𝐹ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐹𝐶𝑅
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4
where:
units = Total number of steam traps connected to the monitoring system
hrs = Annual hours of steam trap operation
FFailed = The percentage of steam traps that fail annually

0.97

∆Hvap
pressure (psig).
shall be used, based on nameplate rating metric of
Eff existing equipment or actual system efficiency as
provided on the application and documented by the
customer.
hrs Look up in Operating Hours Section below.
FDischarge 0.7 Based on Massachusetts Steam Trap Evaluation1542
From application, based upon historical data for facility,
FFailed
if unknown assume 0.15.1543
Condensate Return:
0.36
FCR Based on ERS memo to NYSEG/RG&E.1544
No Condensate
Return: 1.00
From application. If unknown, defaults are provided for
Dia certain system pressure ranges in the Orifice Diameter
table below.
psia
1540
2” March 8, 2017, pg. 6.
1541
Ibid.
1542
Ibid, pg. 7.
1543
Average annual failure rate based upon steam trap EUL of 6 years.
1544
ERS Memo to NYSEG/RG&E, “Recommendations to Update Algorithms for C&I Steam Trap Repair Energy
Savings in NY TRM Introduction”, October 10, 2019. The CR factor is used to account for some of the steam
energy being returned to the system rather than being vented into the atmosphere.


Fhrs 0.5
Atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi) where system is vented
and not a pressurized or vacuum condensate return
Patm 14.7
system; otherwise, psia should be established such that
Pa reflects the pressure differential across the steam trap.
Heat of Vaporization (BTU/lb)1546

0 970 70 898 500 752
1 968 75 895 550 740
2 966 80 892 600 729
3 964 85 889 700 707
4 962 90 886 800 686
5 961 95 884 900 667
6 959 100 881 1,000 647
7 957 110 876 1,100 584
8 956 120 871 1,200 354
9 954 130 866 1,300 591
10 953 140 862 1,400 573
15 946 150 857 1,500 555
20 940 160 853 1,600 536
25 934 170 849 1,700 518
30 929 180 845 1,800 500
35 924 190 842 1,900 481
40 920 200 838 2,000 462
45 916 250 821 2,250 412
50 912 300 805 2,500 357
55 908 350 791 2,750 293
60 905 400 777 3,000 209
65 901 450 764
1545
2” Table 4-7, March 8, 2017.
1546
Values in this table were calculated from NIST Standard Reference Database 10, “NIST/ASME Steam
Properties,” Ver. 2.11, National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce,
Gaithersburg, MD, 1997.

Orifice Diameter1547
System Pressure Diameter of Orifice (in)
< 15 psig No Default
> 15 psig and < 30 psig 0.1875
> 30 psig and < 300 psig 0.2500
> 300 psig No Default


The baseline condition is a steam distribution system without a steam trap monitoring system.

The compliance condition is a steam distribution system with a steam trap monitoring system.
Operating Hours
Operating hours of steam trap system are assumed to be 8,424 for industrial and process
applications and 2,425 for steam traps used in dry cleaners.

A steam trap monitoring system is installed on an industrial process steam system. The system
comprises 30 steam traps and has nameplate efficiency of 82% with an installed condensate
return system. Steam traps have 1/4" orifice diameter and the system has a steam gage pressure
of 200 psi. Traps are pressurized an estimated 8,250 hours per year. Previous steam trap
inspections at the site captured an annual failure rate of 20%. Annual Electric Energy Savings
and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are not applicable. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
𝐸𝑓𝑓 1,000,000
𝜋
4

Illinois TRM via ConEd Large C&I Program Impact and Process Evaluation, prepared by Navigant, August
1547
2019, slide 74.

Psia = psig + patm = 200 + 14.7 = 214.7

Ffailed = 0.2, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
application
𝜋
𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 60 × × 0.252 × 214.70.97 × 0.7 × 0.37 = 139.411
4
838 8,250
𝛥𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 30 × 139.411 × × × 0.5 × 0.2 × 0.36 = 1,269.42 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
0.82 1,000,000

See Appendix P.


References
1. Massachusetts Program Administrators and Energy Efficiency Advisory Council,
“Steam Trap Evaluation Phase 2”, March 8, 2017.
Available from: https://ma-eeac.org/wp-content/uploads/Steam-Trap-Evaluation-Phase-
II.pdf
2. ERS Memo to NYSEG/RG&E, “Recommendations to Update Algorithms for C&I
Steam Trap Repair Energy Savings in NY TRM Introduction”, October 10, 2019.
3. “NIST/ASME Steam Properties,” Ver. 2.11, National Institute of Standards
and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD, 1997.

Available from:
http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId=%7B614F67C
D-8511-4E76-A963-38B3079505B5%7D
Record of Revisions
7-20-19 7/31/2020
12-21-24 1/28/2022

REFRIGERATION
AIR-COOLED REFRIGERATION CONDENSER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of efficient, close approach remote air-cooled refrigeration
system condensers typically found in supermarkets. An approach temperature of 8°F or less for
low temperature systems and 13°F for medium temperature systems is required. Additionally,
condenser efficiency must be greater than or equal to 85 BTU/h of heat rejection capacity per watt
of fan power. Savings are derived from the reduction in condensing temperatures and improved
efficiency of the condenser fan system.
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝑡𝑜𝑛) × 𝐶𝐹
where:
tons/unit = Tons of refrigeration per unit, based on compressor nameplate
(ΔkWh/ton) = Annual electric energy savings per ton of compressor capacity
(ΔkW/ton) = Electric demand savings per ton of compressor capacity

Look up based on city from Energy and Demand Savings
(ΔkWh/ton)
table below.
Look up based on city from Energy and Demand Savings
(ΔkW/ton)
table below.
CF 1.0

Energy and Demand Savings

Unit energy and demand savings were calculated from a DOE-2.2 simulation of a prototypical
grocery store. The prototype building characteristics are described in Appendix A. The unit energy
and demand savings for seven different cities in NY are shown below.
City (ΔkWh/ton) (ΔkW/ton)

Albany 1,296 0.136
Binghamton 1,290 0.143
Buffalo 1,297 0.103
Massena 1,301 0.123
NYC 1,220 0.152
Poughkeepsie 1,258 0.144
Syracuse 1,283 0.149


The baseline condition is assumed to be a standard efficiency air-cooled refrigeration system
condenser, with a 15ºF approach temperature on low temperature applications and a 20ºF approach
temperature on medium temperature applications. The baseline condition assumes a standard
efficiency of 45 BTU/h of heat rejection capacity per watt of fan power.1549

The compliance condition is an efficient air-cooled refrigeration system condenser, with an
approach temperature of 8ºF or less on low temperature applications and an approach temperature
of 13ºF or less on medium temperature applications. Condenser efficiency must be greater than or
equal to 85 BTU/h of heat rejection capacity per watt of fan power. 1550
Operating Hours
Refrigeration equipment is assumed to be available for operation 8,760 hours per year.

A 2-ton, close approach air-cooled refrigeration system condenser is installed in a supermarket
located near Albany. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric
1548
1549
DEER Update Study, Final Report, December 2005. p. 7-69.
1550
DEER Update Study, Final Report, December 2005. p. 7-69.

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠/𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 × (∆𝑘𝑊/𝑡𝑜𝑛) × 𝐶𝐹

tons/unit = 2, from application.
(ΔkWh/ton) = 1,296, from Energy and Demand Savings table based on location from
application
(ΔkW/ton) = 0.136, from Energy and Demand Savings table based on location from
application
CF=1.0, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 2 × 1,296 = 2,592 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 2 × 0.136 × 1 = 0.272 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
1. California DEER, 2004-2005 Database for Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER) Update
Study, Final Report, Itron, Inc. Vancouver, WA. December, 2005.
Available from: www.calmac.org/publications/2004-05_DEER_Update_Final_Report-
Wo.pdf
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
3-18-15 3/29/2018

AUTOMATIC DOOR CLOSER FOR WALK-I N COOLER/FREEZER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of an auto-closer to the main insulated opaque door(s) of an
existing walk-in cooler or freezer. Auto-closers on walk-in coolers and freezers can reduce the
amount of time that doors are open, thereby reducing infiltration and refrigeration loads. The auto-
closer must firmly close the door when it is within 1-inch of full closure. The walk-in door
perimeter must be ≥ 16 ft.1551
where:
units = Number of doors equipped with automatic door closers installed under the
program
(kWh/unit) = Annual electric energy savings per door equipped with an automatic door closer
(kW/unit) = Peak coincident demand electric savings per door equipped with an automatic
door closer

(kWh/unit) Lookup based on location in table below.1552
(kW/unit) Lookup based on location in table below.1553
1551
Lower limit of eligible door size based on Cadmus Group, Inc., “Energy Smart Grocer Impact Evaluation”,
October 21, 2013.
1552
Based on PG&E Work Paper PGECOREF110 and NOAA Climate Normals. Baseline and climate dependent
savings were established by comparing savings values from PG&E Work Paper PGECOREF110 against respective
California climate zone NOAA climate normal CDD65 values. The established trendline was then applied to New
York’s city specific CDD values to develop New York savings.
1553
Ibid.

Per Unit Savings Lookup Table
Cooler Savings Cooler Savings Freezer Savings Freezer Savings

Location
(kWh/unit) (kW/unit) (kWh/unit) (kW/unit)
Albany 1,860 0.570 3,469 0.778

Binghamton 1,822 0.550 3,398 0.735
Buffalo 1,851 0.565 3,451 0.768
Massena 1,819 0.549 3,392 0.731
New York City 1,959 0.621 3,653 0.891
Poughkeepsie 1,873 0.576 3,493 0.793
Syracuse 1,855 0.567 3,460 0.773

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is N/A. Peak coincidence is embedded into kW
per unit savings above.

The baseline condition is an existing walk in cooler or freezer without an existing auto-closer or
strip curtains.

The compliance condition is a walk-in cooler or freezer with an automatic, spring-loaded or
hydraulic-type door closer installed. The walk-in door perimeter must be ≥ 16 ft.
Operating Hours
Operating hours are embedded into the PG&E energy models used to estimate the energy savings
listed above.

An automatic door closer is installed on a walk-in cooler in a commercial facility located near
Albany. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy

(ΔkWh/unit) = 1,860, from Per Unit Savings Lookup Table based on location and refrigeration
(ΔkW/unit) = 0.57, from Per Unit Savings Lookup Table based on location and refrigeration

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 1,860 = 1,860 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 0.57 = 0.57 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.

Reduction in heat transfer between the refrigerated case and ambient air during periods when the
main door is open will result in a negligible reduction in space heating requirements and a small
increase in cooling requirements. Consideration of these effects is not included in this
methodology.

main door is open will result in a negligible reduction in space heating requirements and a small
increase in cooling requirements. Consideration of these effects is not included in this
methodology.
References
1. Pacific Gas & Electric Company. Work Paper PGECOREF110 Refrigerated Storage
Auto Closer Revision 7, June 14, 2018.
2. Cadmus Group, Inc., “Energy Smart Grocer Impact Evaluation”, October 21, 2013.
Prepared for Bonneville Power Administration.
Available from:
https://www.bpa.gov/EE/Utility/Evaluation/Evaluation/Cadmus_ESG_Impact_Evaluatio
n_Report_Final.pdf
Normals.
Record of Revision
6-19-2 6/28/2019

COOLER AND FREEZER DOOR GASKET

Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of reach-in and walk-in refrigerated display case door gaskets
that have become damaged due to normal use and/or the failure of anti-condensate heater elements.
When damaged and/or missing, the warmer, more humid air present in the store will infiltrate the
case increasing the refrigeration system load while often reducing the efficiency of the evaporator
unit as a result of frost accumulation. This measure applies to gaskets on both reach-in doors and
the main door of walk-in units typical of supermarkets, convenience stores, and restaurants.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑓𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝑓𝑡)
Peak Coincident Electric Demand Savings
𝑓𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝑓𝑡)
8,760
where:
ftdoor = Linear feet of damaged and/or missing door gasket
(ΔkWh/ft) = Annual electric energy savings per linear foot of damaged and/or missing door
gasket
8,760 = Hours per year

ftdoor From application.
Cooler (>32 °F): 15 Annual kWh per linear foot of replaced door
(ΔkWh/ft)
Freezer (<32 °F): 114 gasket.1554
CF 1.0
ADM Associates, Inc., Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact Evaluation, February
1554
2010, Table 5-3, Assumes baseline gaskets are 50% effective.



The baseline condition is premised on a door with damaged and/or missing gaskets, assumed to be
50% effective.

The compliance condition is the installation of intact door gaskets so as to achieve a minimum
1.5% infiltration rate or lower.
Operating Hours
Refrigeration equipment is assumed to be available for operation 8,760 hours per year.

A ten foot linear section of damaged freezer door gasket is replaced in a commercial facility.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑓𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝑓𝑡)
𝑓𝑡𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄𝑓𝑡)
8,760
ftdoor = 10, from application

(ΔkWh/ft) = 114, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on refrigeration
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 10 × 114 = 1,140 𝑘𝑊ℎ
10 × 114
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1 = 0.130 𝑘𝑊
8,760

See Appendix P.
1555


Reduction of ambient air infiltration into the refrigerated case due to improved gaskets reduces the
space heating requirements in the heating season while increasing the cooling load in the cooling
season. These impacts are not quantified in this methodology.

Reduction of ambient air infiltration into the refrigerated case due to improved gaskets, reduces
the space heating requirements in the heating season while increasing the cooling load in the
cooling season. These impacts are not quantified in this methodology.
References
1. ADM Associates, Inc. “Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact
Evaluation” February 18, 2010, California Public Utilities Commission Energy Division.
Available from:
http://www.calmac.org/publications/ComFac_Evaluation_V1_Final_Report_02-18-
2010.pdf
Record of Revision
1-16-17 12/31/2015
6-18-14 6/26/2018

COOLER AND FREEZER DOOR STRIP

Measure Description
This measure covers the repair or replacement of existing damaged or missing strip curtains on
walk-in freezers and coolers with a chilled storage area of less than 3,000SF.1556 Strip curtains on
both walk-in freezers (≤ 32○F) and walk-in coolers (> 32○F and ≤ 55○F) serve to prevent air
infiltration during periods when the main door is open for routine stocking activity. When damaged
or missing, the warmer, more humid air present in the store will infiltrate the unit, increasing the
load of the refrigeration system and often reducing the efficiency of the evaporator unit as frost
accumulates, impairing its effectiveness. This measure applies to strip curtains on the main door
of walk-in units typical of supermarkets, convenience stores and restaurants.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑆𝐹)𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑆𝐹)𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × × CF
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
SFdoor = Area of cooler or freezer door opening, in square feet
(ΔkWh/SF)door = Annual electric energy savings per square foot of door opening
hrs = Annual cooler or freezer operating hours per year

SFdoor From application.
Look up in Deemed Savings table below based on case
(∆kWh/SF) door
type and application.
Lookup from table in Operating Hours section below
hrs
based on case type and application.
CF 1.0
1556
10 CFR 431.302

Deemed Savings (ΔkWh/SF)door1557

Case Type Application ΔkWh/SF
Supermarket 159
○
Cooler ( > 32 F) Restaurant 18
Convenience Store 14
Supermarket 409
Freezer ( ≤ 32 ○F) Restaurant 77

The prescribed coincidence factor for this measure is 1.01558

The baseline condition efficiency is a walk-in cooler or freezer door with damaged or missing strip
curtains in excess of 15% of the door area.1559

The compliance condition is a walk-in cooler or freezer with repaired or replaced strip curtains
covering the entire open door area.
Operating Hours
Annual hours during which the door is open and strip curtains are therefore preventing heat
exchange between the refrigerated case and ambient air is used to determine an estimate of
associated demand savings. Prescribed annual hours for formulation of demand savings are
provided in the table below.1560
Case Type Application hrs

Supermarket 803
Cooler ( > 32○F) Restaurant 274
Supermarket 621
Freezer ( ≤ 32 ○F) Restaurant 231
1557
ADM Associates, Inc. Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact Evaluation, Table 6-3,
pg. 6-6.
1558
1559
ADM Associates, Inc. Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact Evaluation, pg. 6-10.
1560
ADM Associates, Inc. Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact Evaluation, Table 6-5,
pg. 6-10.


A restaurant replaces 16 square feet of damaged strip curtains on a walk-in freezer. Annual
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑆𝐹)𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑆𝐹)𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑆𝐹𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × × CF
ℎ𝑟𝑠
SFdoor = 16, from application

(∆kWh/SF) door = 77, from Deemed Savings table based on case type and facility based on
application
hrs = 231, from Operating Hours section based on case type and facility based on application
CF = 1.0
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 16 × 77 = 1,232 kWh
77
∆𝑘𝑊 = 16 × × 1 = 5.33 kW
231

See Appendix P.

main door is open will result in a small reduction in space heating requirements and a small
increase in cooling requirements. This impact is negligible and is not considered in this
methodology.

main door is open will result in a small reduction in space heating requirements and a small
increase in cooling requirements. This impact is negligible and is not considered in this
methodology.
References
1. 10 CFR 431.302 Definitions concerning walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers.
bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=863517ec5f69fb78dad68864aa84c128&mc=true&n=pt10.3
.431&r=PART&ty=HTML#se10.3.431_1302

2. ADM Associates, Inc. “Commercial Facilities Contract Group 2006-2008 Direct Impact
Evaluation,” California Public Utilities Commission Energy Division, February 18, 2010.
Available from:
http://www.calmac.org/publications/ComFac_Evaluation_V1_Final_Report_02-18-
2010.pdf
Record of Revision
1-16-16 12/31/2015
3-18-16 3/29/2018
6-19-12 6/28/2019

ELECTRONICALLY COMMUTATED (EC) MOTOR - REFRIGERATED CASE OR WALK-I N

COOLER/FREEZER EVAPORATOR FAN
Measure Description
This measure covers replacement of single-phase shaded pole (SP) or permanent split capacitor
(PSC) evaporator fan motors with electronically commutated (EC) motors in walk-in and reach-in
refrigerated cases. These high-efficiency motors achieve savings by reducing evaporator fan power
and through interactive effects with the system’s compressor. EC motors introduce less waste heat
into the refrigerated case, reducing the total refrigeration load. This measure is only applicable in
a 1:1 replacement of existing, single-phase SP or PSC motor output. This measure applies to
equipment manufactured before January 1, 2009 only, as the Code of Federal Regulations requires
the use of EC or three-phase motors in evaporator fans in equipment manufactured on or after that
date.1561
Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings for
Walk-In Coolers/Freezers
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑅𝐻
𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × 𝐹𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑅𝐻 = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃ref

∆𝑘𝑊 = ∆𝑘𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 + ∆𝑘𝑊𝑅𝐻
∆𝑘𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × 𝐹𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊𝑅𝐻 = ∆𝑘𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃ref
where:
ΔkWhEFan = Annual electric savings due to evaporator fan motor replacement
1561
10 CFR 431.306.

ΔkWhRH = Annual electric savings due to reduced heat from evaporator fan motor
replacement
ΔkWEFan = Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings due to evaporator fan motor
replacement
ΔkWRH = Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings due to reduced heat from evaporator
fan motor replacement
WEFan = Nameplate wattage of existing evaporator fan motor
FPA = Power adjustment factor
FEFan = Reduction of load by replacing evaporator fan motor
hrsEFan = Evaporator fan motor annual operating hours
COPref = Coefficient of performance of refrigeration equipment
1,000 = Conversion factor, one kW equals 1,000 W
Method for Calculating Annual Energy and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings for
Refrigerated Cases
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐶𝑀 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑅𝐻
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐶𝑀 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × 𝐹𝐶𝑀 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝐶𝑀
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑅𝐻 = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐶𝑀 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃ref
∆𝑘𝑊 = ∆𝑘𝑊𝐶𝑀 + ∆𝑘𝑊𝑅𝐻
∆𝑘𝑊𝐶𝑀 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × 𝐹𝐶𝑀 × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊𝑅𝐻 = ∆𝑘𝑊𝐶𝑀 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃ref
where:
ΔkWhCM = Annual electric savings due to case motor replacement
ΔkWhRH = Annual electric savings due to reduced heat from case motor replacement
ΔkWCM = Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings due to case motor replacement

ΔkWRH = Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings due to reduced heat from case motor
replacement
WEFan = Nameplate wattage of existing evaporator fan
FCM = Reduction of load by replacing case motor
hrsCM = Case motor annual operating hours
COPref = Coefficient of performance of refrigeration equipment (including compressor
and condenser)

Based on nameplate Volts, Amps, and Phase of
WEFan = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠 × 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑠 × √𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 existing evaporator fan.
FPA 0.601 Oak Ridge National Laboratory.1562
On/Off Control: 5,571
hrsEFan Multistep Control: 6,062 Based on refrigeration control type.1563
No Cooler Control: 8,567
hrsCM 8,573 PG&E.1564
Based on numerous pre and post meter readings
FEFan 0.65 conducted by NRM and supported by RLW
Analytics evaluation.1565
Shaded Pole: 0.44
FCM US DOE.1566
PSC: 0.3
From application, using method detailed in
Calculating Coefficient of Performance of
Refrigeration Equipment section below. If
requisite information is unavailable, use default
COPref
of 2.87 for coolers and 1.62 for freezers.1567 This
default shall be used only in circumstances
where manufacturer/nameplate data is missing,
and facility staff is not able to provide it.
1562
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Q-Sync Motors in Commercial Refrigeration: Preliminary Test Results and
Projected Benefits, September 2015, page 5.
1563
Cadmus, Commercial Refrigeration Loadshape Project, October 2015, Table 4. Average Parameters – EF
Motors pg. 6. The study analyzes reach-in and walk-in coolers and freezers.
1564
PG&E Work Paper PGE3PREF124 Revision 2. Average of operating hours of medium temperature applications
and low temperature applications.
1565
Small Business Services, Custom Measure Impact Evaluation, RLW Analytics, Inc., March 2007.
1566
US DOE, Commercial Refrigeration Equipment (CRE) Technical Support Document, table 5.6.4. Ratio of actual
power (watts) of EC motors vs actual power (watts) of shaded-pole motor and PSC motor.
1567
compressors, dated 09/06/2017. Values presented reflect unweighted average efficiencies of all evaluated systems,
with additional 0.20 kW/ton for freezers and 0.16 kW/ton for coolers to reflect condenser load.


CF 1.0
Calculating Coefficient of Performance of Refrigeration Equipment (COPref)

The method below shall be applied to establish the COP of refrigeration equipment for use in this
measure. If condenser efficiency is unknown, use 0.20 kW/ton for freezers and 0.16 kW/ton for
coolers to reflect condenser load.1568
12
𝐶𝑂𝑃ref = 3.413
(Compeff + Condeff )
where:
Condeff = Efficiency of the cooler/freezer condenser (kW/Ton)
12 = kBtu/ton
3.413 = BTUs in one watt-hour of electricity


The baseline case is a walk-in cooler/freezer or refrigerated display case with shaded pole or
permanent split capacitor (PSC) evaporator fan motors.

The compliance case is a walk-in cooler/freezer or refrigerated display case with electronically
commutated (EC) evaporator fan motors with full load efficiency exceeding that prescribed by
federal energy conservation standards for electric motors in 10 CFR 431.446 and/or 10 CFR
431.25 as applicable.
Operating Hours
The annual operating hours of a walk-in cooler or freezer evaporator fan motor without controls is
derived as 97.8% x 8,760 = 8,567 hours. The effective full load annual run time of evaporator fans
with on/off control are assumed to be 63.6% x 8,760 = 5,571 hours, while the effective full load
annual run time of evaporator fans with multispeed control are assumed to be 69.2% x 8,760 =
6,062 hours.1570
1568
Ibid
1569
1570
Cadmus, Commercial Refrigeration, Loadshape Project, October 2015


A walk-in freezer’s PSC evaporator fan motor is replaced with an EC motor. The existing
single-phase PSC motor is 115 V and 1.1 amps. The walk-in freezer has multistep control and
a COP of 3.2. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 + ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑅𝐻
∆𝑘𝑊 = ∆𝑘𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 + ∆𝑘𝑊𝑅𝐻
where:
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × 𝐹𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑅𝐻 = ∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃ref
∆𝑘𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ( ) × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × 𝐹𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝐹
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊𝑅𝐻 = ∆𝑘𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 × 𝐶𝑂𝑃ref

WEFan = Volts x Amps x (Phase)(1/2) = 115 x 1.1 x 1 = 126.5 watts
WEFan equation from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
Volts from application
Amps from application
Phase from application
FPA = 0.601, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
hrsEFan = 6,062, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on refrigeration
control type from application
hrsCM = 8,573, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
FEFan = 0.65, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
COPref = 3.2, from application
126.5
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 = 1 × ( ) × 0.601 × 0.65 × 6,062 = 299.57 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑅𝐻 = 299.57 × 3.2 = 958.62 𝑘𝑊ℎ
126.5
∆𝑘𝑊𝐸𝐹𝑎𝑛 = 1 × ( ) × 0.601 × 0.65 × 1.0 = 0.0494 𝑘𝑊
1,000
∆𝑘𝑊𝑅𝐻 = 0.049 × 3.2 = 0.16 𝑘𝑊
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 299.57 + 958.62 = 1,258.19 𝑘𝑊ℎ

∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.0494 + 0.16 = 0.209 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


Reduction in evaporator fan power reduces waste heat that must be displaced by the compressor.
Interactive effects are addressed in the prescribed energy savings calculation methodology.
References
1. Cooler Control Measure Impact Spreadsheet Users’ Manual, Select Energy Services,
Inc. for NSTAR, March 9, 2004.
2. Cadmus, Commercial Refrigeration Loadshape Project, October 2015.
Available from: https://neep.org/commercial-refrigeration-loadshape-report-10-2015-0
3. Small Business Services, Custom Measure Impact Evaluation, RLW Analytics, Inc. for
National Grid, March 23, 2007.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/8713/CEE_Eval_2007CustomMeasureImpact
Evaluation_23Mar2007.pdf
4. 10 CFR 431.306 Energy conservations standards and their effective dates.
idx?SID=bf918c7935d524eeb5d031252bb66fba&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_1306
5. Analysis of Equipment and Practices in the Reclamation Industry.
Available from: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-
08/documents/analysis_of_equipment_and_practices_in_the_reclamation_industry.pdf
dates.
idx?SID=f7f8d64bb400ae3dc2d13f131cf116bb&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_1446
7. 10 CFR 431.25 Energy conservation standards and effective dates.
idx?SID=070fc8cd95943842a1e7a6f793d73496&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_125
8. US Department of Energy, Commercial Refrigeration Equipment (CRE) Technical

Support Document.
Available from:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/pdfs/cre2_nopr_tsd_2013_0
8_28.pdf
9. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Q-Sync Motors in Commercial Refrigeration:
Preliminary Test Results and Projected Benefits, September 2015.
Available from: https://info.ornl.gov/sites/publications/files/Pub58600.pdf
10. Pacific Gas & Electric Company, Work Paper PGE3PREF124 Display Case ECM Motor
Retrofit, Revision #2, April 2014.
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-17 7/31/2013
9-17-9 9/30/2017
9-18-15 9/28/2018
12-19-15 12/23/2019
7-21-20 8/30/2021

EVAPORATOR FAN MOTOR – WITH PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

(PMSM), FOR REFRIGERATED CASE OR WALK -IN COOLER/FREEZER
Measure Description
This measure covers the replacement of shaded pole (SP), permanent split capacitor (PSC), or
electrically commutated (EC) evaporator fan motors with permanent magnet synchronous motors
(PMSM) in commercial refrigeration equipment. PMSMs provide increased efficiency over other
motors requiring less energy to operate and introducing less heat into the refrigerated case, which
reduces the total refrigeration load.
𝑊𝑒𝑒 1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × (1 + ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑓
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠
where:
W = Rated motor wattage
Eff = Motor efficiency



For replacement of motors in reach-in
cases, look up based on existing motor
Shaded Pole: 0.20
type.1571 For new construction, unknown
Effbaseline PSC: 0.29
existing conditions and walk-in coolers and
EC: 0.66
freezers, use value associated with EC
motors.
Effee 0.73 Oak Ridge National Laboratory1572
From application, using method detailed in
Calculating Coefficient of Performance of
Refrigeration Equipment section below. If
requisite information is unavailable, use
COPref default of 2.87 for coolers and 1.62 for
freezers.1573 This default shall be used only
in circumstances where
manufacturer/nameplate data is missing,
and facility staff is not able to provide it.
On/Off Control: 5,571
hrs Multistep Control: 6,062 Based on refrigeration control type.1574
No Control: 8,567
CF 1.0

12
where:
12 = kBtu/ton
1571
U.S. DOE, Technical Support Document Commercial Refrigeration Equipment, Chapter 5, Table 5.6.4: Details
for Evaporator Fan Motor Design Option.
1572
ORNL, Q-Sync Motors in Commercial Refrigeration: Preliminary Test Results and Projected Benefits, pg. 5.
1573
1574
Cadmus, Commercial Refrigeration Loadshape Project, October 2015, Table 4. Average Parameters – EF
Motors pg. 6. The study analyzes reach-in and walk-in coolers and freezers.
1575



The baseline condition for walk-in coolers or freezers manufactured on or after January 1, 2009 is
an EC motor1577 with full load efficiency as prescribed by federal energy conservation standards
for electric motors in 10 CFR 431.446 and 10 CFR 431.25, as applicable. The baseline condition
for walk-in coolers or freezers manufactured before January 1, 2009 and reach-in refrigerated
display cases is equivalent to the equipment being replaced (shaded pole or PSC motor). Baseline
equipment shall be assumed to be of equivalent speed and horsepower to the efficient case.

The compliance condition is a PMSM installed in a commercial refrigerated reach-in display case
or walk-in cooler/freezer with full-load efficiency exceeding that prescribed by federal energy
conservation standards for electric motors in 10 CFR 431.446 or 10 CFR 431.25, as applicable.
Operating Hours
The annual operating hours of a walk-in cooler or freezer evaporator fan motor without controls
is derived as 97.8% x 8,760 = 8,567 hours. The effective full load annual run time of evaporator
fans with on/off control are assumed to be 63.6% x 8,760 = 5,571 hours, while the effective full
load annual run time of evaporator fans with multispeed control are assumed to be 69.2% x 8,760
= 6,062 hours.1578

A PSC evaporator fan motor is replaced with a 12-watt PMSM in a commercial refrigerated
case. The refrigerated case is connected to an on/off control and has a 3.2 COP. Annual Fossil
Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak
𝑊𝑒𝑒 1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ×( − ) × (1 + ) × ℎ𝑟𝑠
1,000 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑒 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑓
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ
ℎ𝑟𝑠

Effbaseline = 0.29, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on baseline motor
1576
1577
10 CFR 431.306
1578
Cadmus, Commercial Refrigeration, Loadshape Project, October 2015.

Effee = 0.73, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table

hrs = 6,062, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on control type from
application
12 1 1 1
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × ×( − ) × (1 + ) × 6,062 = 198.44 𝑘𝑊ℎ
1,000 0.29 0.73 3.2
198.44
∆𝑘𝑊 = × 1.0 = 0.0327 𝑘𝑊
6,062

See Appendix P.


Reduction in evaporator fan power reduces waste heat that must be displaced by the compressor.
The refrigeration savings are addressed in the prescribed energy savings calculation methodology.

References
1. 10 CFR 431.306 Energy conservations standards and their effective dates.
idx?SID=bf918c7935d524eeb5d031252bb66fba&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_1306
2. Department of Energy; Technical Support Document Commercial Refrigeration
Equipment, Chapter 5: Engineering Analysis, August 2013.
Available from:
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/pdfs/cre2_nopr_tsd_201
3_08_28.pdf
4. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Q-Sync Motors in Commercial Refrigeration:
Preliminary Test Results and Projected Benefits.
Available from: https://info.ornl.gov/sites/publications/files/Pub58600.pdf
5. Analysis of Equipment and Practices in the Reclamation Industry
Available from: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-
08/documents/analysis_of_equipment_and_practices_in_the_reclamation_industry.pdf
dates.
idx?SID=5f939105042a95e8488cfb789366eb50&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_1446
7. 10 CFR 431.25 Energy conservation standards and effective dates.
idx?SID=5f939105042a95e8488cfb789366eb50&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#
se10.3.431_125
Record of Revision
6-19-3 6/28/2019
12-19-16 12/23/2019

REFRIGERATED CASE DOOR

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of doors on existing open vertical refrigerated cases. Case
doors are installed over open refrigerated cases to prevent air infiltration between the refrigerated
case and the facility space. This barrier alleviates cooling loads on the refrigeration system and
heating loads on the conditioned space.
This measure is applicable to refrigerated case doors with and without anti-condensation heaters.
Standard refrigerated case doors include anti-condensation heaters in the frames, doors, or within
the glass to prevent condensation from forming and obstructing view of refrigerated products. High
efficiency doors with no anti-condensation heaters use a combination of multiple layers of glass,
low-conductivity filler gas, and low-emissivity glass coatings to prevent condensation.
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑓
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑙𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑓𝑡) × (1 − × )
8,760 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑓𝑡)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑙𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × × 𝐶𝐹
8,760
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑓𝑡) × 3,412 ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑙𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × × ×
1,000,000 8,760 𝐸𝑓𝑓
where:
ldoor = Length of cooler or freezer door opening, in feet
ΔkWh/ft = Annual electric energy savings per foot of door opening
hrscooling = Cooling HVAC load hours
hrsheating = Heating HVAC load hours
COPHVAC = Coefficient of performance of heating, ventilation, and cooling equipment
Eff = Fossil fuel-fired heating system efficiency


ftdoor From application.
Use defaults, based on the door
High-Efficiency Doors on Cooler: 477 type.1579 Electric energy savings of
High-Efficiency Doors on Freezer: 747 Standard Doors do not consider anti-
ΔkWh/ft
Standard Doors on Cooler: 183 condensation heater controls. See
Standard Doors on Freezer: 392 Anti-Condensation Heater Control
measure to claim additional savings.
From application. If unknown, look
hrsheating up based on location and facility type
in Operating Hours section below.
From application. If unknown, look
hrscooling up based on location and facility type
in Operating Hours section below.
From application, using method
detailed in Calculating Coefficient of
Performance of Refrigeration
Equipment section below. If requisite
information is unavailable, use
COPref default of 2.87 for coolers and 1.62
for freezers.1580 This default shall be
used only in circumstances where
manufacturer/nameplate data is
missing, and facility staff is not able
to provide it.
From application; COP = EER/3.412.
Grocery Store: 2.93
COPHVAC If unknown, use default values
Other: 3.57
provided based on facility type.1581
From application. Ec, Et or AFUE
shall be used, based on nameplate
Eff 0.80 rating metric of existing equipment.
If unknown, use default value
provided.1582
CF 1.0
1579
Fricke, Brian and Becker, Bryan, "Energy Use of Doored and Open Vertical Refrigerated Display Cases".
Energy savings of high efficiency doors are calculated by eliminating anti-condensation heater energy draw and
proportionally reducing associated work required from the refrigeration equipment while assuming an HVAC
system COP of 3.28, refrigeration COP of 3.03 for coolers and 1.66 for freezers. Measured energy savings on
medium temperature units was adjusted with COPcooler/COPfreezer ratios to develop savings for standard doors
installed on freezer units.
1580
1581
ASHRAE 90.1 2010 Standard for Unitary HVAC: Grocery Store default assumes a 25-ton packaged RTU
(cooling only); Other default assumes a 10-ton packaged RTU (cooling only).
1582
ASHRAE 90.1 2010 Standard for natural gas hot water boilers, 300-2,500 MBH.


12
where:
12 = kBtu/ton


The baseline condition is an existing open vertical refrigerated display case.

The compliance condition is a vertical refrigerated display case fitted with glass doors. Doors may
be standard doors operating with anti-condensation heaters or high efficiency doors with advanced
technology operating without anti-condensation heaters.
Operating Hours
Doored refrigerated display cases are assumed to be operating 8,760 hours per year.
Heating and cooling HVAC system load hours shall be taken from application. If unknown, look
up default values in table below based on location and facility type. Default HVAC system load
hours were developed from NOAA hourly normals by assuming a 65ºF balance point temperature
and summing dry bulb hours above the balance point for HVAC cooling and below the balance
point for HVAC heating during building operating hours. 1585 Grocery stores are assumed to
operate between 7AM-10PM and other building are assumed to operate between 7AM-7PM.
Grocery Other Grocery Other

City
Cooling Hours Cooling Hours Heating Hours Heating Hours
1583
1584
1585

Albany 1601 1273 3759 3010

Binghamton 1243 983 4134 3327
Buffalo 1499 1213 3868 3079
Massena 1401 1132 3979 3172
NYC 1866 1517 3519 2793
Poughkeepsie 1739 1411 3626 2879
Syracuse 1565 1256 3792 3028

High-efficiency doors are installed on a total of 10 linear feet of open cooler case in a grocery
store located near Albany. The cooler has a COP of 3.2 and the facility is cooled 1,600 hours
annually and heated 3,500 hours annually by a 78% efficient hot water boiler. Annual Electric
Energy Savings, Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy
ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑓
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑙𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑓𝑡) × (1 − × )
8,760 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐻𝑉𝐴𝐶
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑓𝑡)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑙𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × × 𝐶𝐹
8,760
(∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑓𝑡) × 3,412 ℎ𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑙𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑟 × × ×
1,000,000 8,760 𝐸𝑓𝑓
ldoor = 10, from application

ΔkWh/ft = 477, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on refrigeration and
door type from application
hrscooling = 1,600, from application
COPHVAC = 2.93, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on facility type
from application
hrsheating = 3,500, from application
1,600 3.2
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 10 × 477 × (1 − × ) = 3,818.48 𝑘𝑊ℎ
8,760 2.93
477
∆𝑘𝑊 = 10 × × 1.0 = 0.544 𝑘𝑊
8,760
477 × 3,412 3,500 1

∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 10 × × × = 8.34 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢
1,000,000 8,760 0.78


See Appendix P.

Reduction in heat transfer between the refrigerated case and the ambient air will result in
reduction in space heating requirements. This impact is included in this methodology.

Retrofitting open display cases with doors may lead to the requirement of additional lighting to
maintain visibility of products. The load of additional lighting was considered in this analysis.
Reduction in heat transfer between the refrigerated case and the ambient air will result in an
increase in cooling requirements. This impact is included in this methodology.
References
1. Fricke, Brian and Becker, Bryan, "Energy Use of Doored and Open Vertical Refrigerated
Display Cases" (2010). International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference.
Paper 1154.
Available from:
https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2153&context=iracc
2. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
Standard 90.1-2016.
Available from: https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/standards-and-
guidelines/read-only-versions-of-ashrae-standards
Record of Revision
3-19-14 3/29/2019
9-19-8 9/27/2019

REFRIGERATED CASE NIGHT COVER

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of retractable curtains on open horizontal or multi-deck
refrigerated display cases in grocery stores. These covers serve as a barrier between the contents
of the refrigerated case and the ambient air during off-business hours. They conserve energy by
reducing the infiltration of ambient air into the refrigerated space, thereby reducing the load on the
refrigeration system. Grocery stores operating 24 hours per day are not eligible for energy savings.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑇𝐷𝐸𝐶 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 365
where:
units = Number of display cases addressed by the program
TDEC = Total Daily Energy Consumption (kWh/day)

Total Daily Energy Consumption (kWh/day), calculate based on
TDEC
Total Display Area (TDA) from table below.
Energy savings factor associated with installation of refrigerated
ESF 0.09
case night covers.1586

Energy savings associated with installation of refrigerated case night covers occur during off-
peak hours, so no coincident peak demand savings are deemed for this measure.
Southern California Edison, Effects of the Low Emissivity Shields on Performance and Power Use of a
1586
Refrigerated Display Case, August 1997.


The baseline condition is a vertical or horizontal open refrigerated display case left uncovered
during off-business hours and meeting the minimum federal energy standards presented in the
tables below.1587 Equipment with an operating temperature above 32○F is classified as Medium
with a rating temperature of 38°F, while equipment with an operating temperature of 32○F or below
is classified as Low with a rating temperature of 0°F. Ice Cream freezers have a rating temperature
of -15○F and operate at temperatures below -5○F.
Total Daily Energy Consumption (TDEC) shall be calculated per the table below for the
appropriate display case type, configuration and rating temperature. For refrigeration equipment
with two or more compartments (i.e. hybrid refrigerators, freezers, refrigerator-freezers and non-
hybrid refrigerator freezers), the TDEC shall be established as the sum of the TDEC values
associated with each component compartment. Total Display Area (TDA), if unspecified by the
manufacturer, should be calculated as:
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 𝑙 × 𝐻t
where:
TDA = Total display area of the open case (SF)
l = Length of the display case opening (ft)
Ht = Height (vertical) or Depth (horizontal) of the display case opening (ft)
Baseline Efficiencies for Refrigerators, Freezers, or Refrigerator-freezers manufactured on or

after March 27, 2017
Equipment Condensing Unit TDEC
Rating Temperature
Family Configuration (kWh/day)
Vertical Open Remote Condensing Medium (38°F) 0.64 x TDA + 4.07
Vertical Open Remote Condensing Low (0°F) 2.20 x TDA + 6.85
Vertical Open Remote Condensing Ice Cream (-15°F) 2.79 x TDA + 8.70
Vertical Open Self-Contained Medium (38°F) 1.69 x TDA + 4.71
Vertical Open Self-Contained Low (0°F) 4.25 x TDA + 11.82
Vertical Open Self-Contained Ice Cream (-15°F) 5.40 x TDA + 15.02
Horizontal Open Remote Condensing Medium (38°F) 0.35 x TDA + 2.88
Horizontal Open Remote Condensing Low (0°F) 0.55 x TDA + 6.88
Horizontal Open Remote Condensing Ice Cream (-15°F) 0.70 x TDA + 8.74
Horizontal Open Self-Contained Medium (38°F) 0.72 x TDA + 5.55
Horizontal Open Self-Contained Low (0°F) 1.90 x TDA + 7.08
Horizontal Open Self-Contained Ice Cream (-15°F) 2.42 x TDA + 9.00
1587
10 CFR 431.66(e)(1).

Baseline Efficiencies for Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-freezers manufactured before

March 27, 2017
Equipment Condensing Unit TDEC
Rating Temperature
Family Configuration (kWh/day)
Vertical Open Remote Condensing Medium (38°F) 0.82 × TDA + 4.07
Vertical Open Remote Condensing Low (0°F) 2.27 × TDA + 6.85
Vertical Open Remote Condensing Ice Cream (-15°F) 2.89 × TDA + 8.70
Vertical Open Self-Contained Medium (38°F) 1.74 × TDA + 4.71
Vertical Open Self-Contained Low (0°F) 4.37 × TDA + 11.82
Vertical Open Self-Contained Ice Cream (-15°F) 5.55 × TDA + 15.02
Horizontal Open Remote Condensing Medium (38°F) 0.35 × TDA + 2.88
Horizontal Open Remote Condensing Low (0°F) 0.57 × TDA + 6.88
Horizontal Open Remote Condensing Ice Cream (-15°F) 2.44 × TDA + 9.00
Horizontal Open Self-Contained Medium (38°F) 0.77 × TDA + 5.55
Horizontal Open Self-Contained Low (0°F) 1.92 × TDA + 7.08
Horizontal Open Self-Contained Ice Cream (-15°F) 2.44 × TDA + 9.00

The compliance condition is a vertical or horizontal open refrigerated display case with retractable
night covers installed.
Operating Hours
Energy savings are based on installation of refrigerated case night covers in an 18-hour 1588
supermarket assumed to operate 365 days per year. Therefore, the annual hours that night covers
are assumed to be in use are (24 – 18) x 365 = 2,190 hours.

A night case cover is installed on a 10 ft by 5 ft refrigerated display case. The medium
temperature (operating above 32ºF) vertical display case has a self-contained condensing unit.
Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not
applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are calculated as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × 𝑇𝐷𝐸𝐶 × 𝐸𝑆𝐹 × 365

TDEC = 1.69 x TDA + 4.71 = 1.69 x 50 + 4.71 = 89.21
TDEC equation from Baseline Efficiencies section based on equipment family,
condensing unit configuration, and equipment rating temperature from application
TDA = l x Ht = 10 x 5 = 50
Length (l) from application
Height (Ht) from application
Southern California Edison, Effects of the Low Emissivity Shields on Performance and Power Use of a
1588
Refrigerated Display Case, August 1997.

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 89.21 × 0.09 × 365 = 2,931 𝑘𝑊ℎ

See Appendix P.

Reduction in heat transfer between the refrigerated case and the ambient air will result in a small
reduction in space heating requirements. This impact is negligible and occurs only during
unoccupied hours, so is not considered in this methodology.

Reduction in heat transfer between the refrigerated case and the ambient air will result in a small
reduction in space heating requirements and a small increase in cooling requirements. This impact
is negligible and occurs only during unoccupied hours, so is not considered in this methodology.
References
1. Southern California Edison, Effects of the Low Emissivity Shields on Performance and
Power Use of a Refrigerated Display Case, August 1997.
Available from: http://www.econofrost.com/acrobat/sce_report_long.pdf
idx?SID=991ee62d32fb598ccb945f43a316ff32&mc=true&node=pt10.3.431&rgn=div5#s
e10.3.431_166
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
3-18-4 3/29/2018

REFRIGERATION - CONTROL
ANTI-CONDENSATION HEATER CONTROL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of anti-condensation heater controls on glass door reach-in
refrigerated cases. These controls save energy by reducing door heater run times based on feedback
from door moisture sensors or dew point calculated via indoor air temperature and humidity
sensors. Additional savings are achieved through interactive effects with the system’s compressor.
By running less often, door heaters emit less heat that must be overcome by the compressor. There
are two primary categories of anti-condensation heater controls – (1) on/off controls and (2) pulse
modulating controls. On/off controls cycle door heaters for several minutes at a time whereas pulse
modulating controls pulse the door heaters at varying frequencies to satisfy calls for heating.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = (𝑘𝑊𝐷𝐻 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ) − (𝑘𝑊𝐷𝐻 × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒 )
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑘𝑊𝐷𝐻 × 𝐹ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐷𝐹
where:
kWDH = Total power of door heaters (in kW)
hrs = Operating hours
Fhrs = Operating hours reduction factor
DF = Demand diversity factor


From application, calculated based on door heater nameplate
kWDH
voltage and amperage.
Pre-installation operating hours; assumes 24/7, year-round
hrsbaseline 8,760
operation of door heaters.
Post-installation operating hours. Freezer hours assume 24/7,
year round operation of door heaters and varying power
Coolers: 3,760
hrsee factors. Cooler hours estimated by National Resource
Freezers: 8,760
Management (NRM) based on monitoring data collected of
cooler door heater controls.1589
Average operating percentage of total door heater power after
installation. Estimated by NRM based on monitoring data
Coolers: 0.60
FPA collected of cooler and freezer door heater controls. FPA for
Freezers: 0.54
freezers is calculated based on 4,000 hours of operation at
40% power and 4,760 hours at 65%.1590
Annual operating hour reduction factor. Estimated by
Coolers: 0.74
Fhrs National Resource Management (NRM) based on monitoring
Freezers: 0.46
data collected of cooler and freezer door heater controls.1591
Estimated adjustment to account for diversity and peak
DF 0.75
coincidence.1592

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is N/A. Adjustments to account for peak
coincidence are embedded in the demand diversity factor defined above.

The baseline condition is a glass door reach-in refrigerated case anti-condensation heaters without
temperature/humidity sensing controls.

The compliance case is a glass door reach-in refrigerated case with on/off or pulse modulating
anti-condensation heater controls installed.
Operating Hours
Anti-condensation door heaters without automated controls operate 24/7 year-round (8,760 hours
annually). Operating hours for the compliance case are as specified above.
1589
REVIEW OF UNDERLYING REFERENCE PENDING: Cooler Control Measure Impact Spreadsheet User’s
Manual, Select Energy Services, Inc., March 2004.
1590
Ibid.
1591
Ibid.
1592
Ibid.


Anti-condensation heater controls are installed on door heaters totaling 190 watts on reach-in
freezer cases in a commercial facility. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable.
as below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = (𝑘𝑊𝐷𝐻 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ) − (𝑘𝑊𝐷𝐻 × 𝐹𝑃𝐴 × ℎ𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑒 )
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑘𝑊𝐷𝐻 × 𝐹ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 𝐷𝐹
kWDH = 0.190, from application

hrsbaseline = 8,760, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
hrsee = 8,760, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on refrigeration
application
FPA = 0.54, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on refrigeration
application
Fhrs = 0.46, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table based on refrigeration
application
DF = 0.75, from Summary of Variables and Data Sources table
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = (0.190 × 8,760) − (0.190 × 0.54 × 8,760) = 765.62 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 0.190 × 0.46 × 0.75 = 0.0655 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.

Reduction of door heater operation will slightly increase space heating load. However, these
impacts are negligible and not considered at this time.

Reduction in door heater operation reduces heat that must be displaced by the compressor.
Interactive effects are addressed in the prescribed energy savings calculation methodology.
References
1. National Resource Management monitoring data pending review.
2. Cooler Control Measure Impact Spreadsheet Users’ Manual, Select Energy Services,
Inc. for NSTAR, March 9, 2004.

Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
9-17-10 9/30/2017

EVAPORATOR FAN CONTROL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of on/off or multispeed controls on electronically commutated
or shaded pole evaporator fan motors in walk-in refrigerated cases. Evaporator fans in walk-in
coolers and freezers that are not equipped with controls operate at constant speed continuously,
even when there is no call for refrigeration and the compressor is idle. Installation of controls
allows for modulation of evaporator fans, reducing fan speed or turning them off when the
compressor is not running. Reduction in energy consumption results from reduced run time of the
evaporator fans as well as reduction in waste heat due to fan operation that must be rejected by the
system.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄ℎ𝑝)
∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄ℎ𝑝)
where:
units = Number of evaporator fans controlled
hp = Horsepower per evaporator fan
(ΔkWh/hp) = Annual electric savings per evaporator fan horsepower
(ΔkW/hp) = Peak coincident demand electric savings per evaporator fan horsepower

hp From application. If unknown, assume 1/15 hp.1593
Lookup from Deemed Savings table below based on case
(ΔkWh/hp)
type, evaporator fan motor type and control type.
Lookup from Deemed Savings table below based on case
(ΔkW/hp)
type, evaporator fan motor type and control type.
1593
Cadmus, Commercial Refrigeration Loadshape Project, October 2015, pg. 6.

Deemed Savings (ΔkWh/hp and ΔkW/hp)1594

Case Control
Motor Type ΔkWh/hp ΔkW/hp
Type Type
On/Off 8,650 0.776
Shaded Pole
Multispeed 7,224 0.741
Cooler
On/Off 3,142 0.282
ECM
On/Off 10,991 0.990
Shaded Pole
Freezer
On/Off 3,992 0.360
ECM
Coincident Factor (CF)

Demand savings provided in the table above represent peak coincident summer demand savings.
Coincidence factor is embedded in deemed savings values; therefore, no coincidence factor is
independently prescribed.

The baseline condition is a walk-in cooler or freezer with shaded pole or electronically commutated
evaporator fan motors that operate continuously at constant speed (i.e. with no controls installed).

The compliance condition is a walk-in cooler or freezer with shaded pole or electronically
commutated evaporator fan motors equipped with on/off or multispeed evaporator fan controls.
Operating Hours
Annual evaporator fan operating hours for the baseline and proposed case are embedded in the
deemed savings values provided above. It is assumed that evaporator fans without controls have
an effective full load annual run time of 97.8% x 8,760 = 8,567 hours. The effective full load
annual run time of evaporator fans with on/off control are assumed to be 63.6% x 8,760 = 5,571
hours, while the effective full load annual run time of evaporator fans with multispeed control are
assumed to be 69.2% x 8,760 = 6,062 hours.

On/Off controls are installed on a 1/12 hp evaporator fan shaded pole motor in a walk-in
cooler in a commercial facility. Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual
Electric Energy Savings and Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings are calculated as
below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ⁄ℎ𝑝)
ΔkW/hp savings are calculated by dividing Summer Peak Savings (W/hp) by 1,000W/kW to convert it to the
1594
appropriate units. Cadmus, Commercial Refrigeration Loadshape Project, October 2015, pg. 10.

∆𝑘𝑊 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × ℎ𝑝 × (∆𝑘𝑊 ⁄ℎ𝑝)

(ΔkWh/hp) = 8,650, from Deemed Savings table based on case and control type from application
(ΔkW/hp) = 0.776, from Deemed Savings table based on case and control type from application
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 1 × 0.0833 × 8,650 = 720.54 𝑘𝑊ℎ
∆𝑘𝑊 = 1 × 0.0833 × 0.776 = 0.065 𝑘𝑊

See Appendix P.


References
Record of Revision
1 10/15/2010
7-13-16 7/31/2013
1-16-8 12/31/2015
3-18-5 3/29/2018

FLOATING HEAD PRESSURE CONTROL

Measure Description
This measure covers the installation of refrigeration control to lower the condensing pressure on
commercial refrigeration systems during times of ambient temperatures below 75°F. Systems are
typically designed to have a constant saturated condensing temperature equivalent to
approximately 95°F. By allowing the condensing pressure to drop during lower ambient
conditions, the work on the refrigeration system is reduced, saving refrigeration system energy and
prolonging the life of the equipment.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/ℎ𝑝) × ℎ𝑝
where:
(kWh/hp) = kWh savings per refrigeration compressor horsepower
hp = Total refrigeration compressor horsepower

Lookup based on location, condenser type, temperature,
(kWh/hp) and horsepower in Savings for Floating Head Pressure
Controls table below.
hp From application
Savings for Floating Head Pressure Controls (kWh/hp)

System Type/Size Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
Unitary Condenser, Low
252.03 252.03 252.03 252.03 252.03 252.03 252.03
Temp, 0-3 hp
241.86 241.86 241.86 241.86 241.86 241.86 241.86
Temp, >3-6 hp
248.68 248.68 248.68 248.68 248.68 248.68 248.68
Temp, >6-10 hp
282.24 282.24 282.24 282.24 282.24 282.24 282.24
Temp, >10 hp

System Type/Size Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse

Unitary Condenser,
131.45 131.45 131.45 131.45 131.45 131.45 131.45
Medium Temp, 0-3 hp
Unitary Condenser,
127.32 127.32 127.32 127.32 127.32 127.32 127.32
Medium Temp, >3-6 hp
Unitary Condenser,
128.1 128.1 128.1 128.1 128.1 128.1 128.1
Unitary Condenser,
132.58 132.58 132.58 132.58 132.58 132.58 132.58
Medium Temp, >10 hp
Remote Condenser, Low
669.58 716.77 668.31 672.30 505.37 563.20 672.70
Temp, 0-3 hp
637.37 682.29 636.16 639.96 481.06 536.11 640.34
Temp, >3-6 hp
642.54 687.83 641.32 645.15 484.96 540.45 645.54
Temp, >6-10 hp
666.86 713.86 665.60 669.57 503.32 560.91 669.97
Temp, >10 hp
Remote Condenser,
521.20 557.93 520.21 523.32 393.38 438.39 523.63
Medium Temp, 0-3 hp
Remote Condenser,
513.45 549.63 512.47 515.53 387.53 431.87 515.84
Remote Condenser,
525.85 562.91 524.85 527.98 396.89 442.30 528.30
Remote Condenser,
536.15 573.93 535.13 538.32 404.66 450.96 538.65
Medium Temp, >10 hp
Background on Derivation of Per Unit Savings

Annual energy savings for remote condenser units were derived by adjusting the savings values
from the Regional Technical Forum, “Commercial: Grocery - Floating Head Pressure Controls for
Single Compressor Systems” to accommodate New York weather. NOAA data for Portland, OR
and the seven cities/weather zones in NY; Albany, Binghamton, Buffalo, Massena, New York
City, Poughkeepsie and Syracuse, was used to correlate the energy savings potential from Portland,
OR to NY locations.
Based on the Regional Technical Forum, “Commercial: Grocery - Floating Head Pressure Controls
for Single Compressor Systems”, savings were based on the refrigeration compressor type along
with the saturated suction temperature ranges and horsepower ranges for the evaporators.
The Regional Technical Forum, “Commercial: Grocery - Floating Head Pressure Controls for
Single Compressor Systems” classifies refrigeration compressors based on evaporator temperature
ranges:
• Low Temperature (Freezer)
• Medium Temperature (Refrigerator)
The Regional Technical Forum, “Commercial: Grocery - Floating Head Pressure Controls for
Single Compressor Systems” classifies refrigeration compressors based on horsepower ranges:
• 0-3 hp
• > 3-6 hp
• > 6-10 hp
• > 10 hp

Portland, OR Annual Energy Savings for Remote Condenser Units based on Evaporator
Temperature Range and Horsepower Range
System Type/Size kWh/hp
Remote Condenser, Low Temp, 0-3 hp 534.90
Remote Condenser, Low Temp, >3-6 hp 509.17
Remote Condenser, Low Temp, >6-10 hp 513.30
Remote Condenser, Low Temp, >10 hp 532.73
Remote Condenser, Medium Temp, 0-3 hp 416.37
Remote Condenser, Medium Temp, >3-6 hp 410.17
Remote Condenser, Medium Temp, >6-10 hp 420.08
Remote Condenser, Medium Temp, >10 hp 428.31
A linear interpolation on energy savings from Portland, OR as a function of temperature was used
to determine the energy savings in New York based on temperature bins. The two points used for
interpolation were the point at/above which minimal savings occur, 75°F, and the average
temperature below 75°F where the average kWh/hp savings is expected to occur, which varies by
location.
Savings for unitary condensers are not adjusted for climate. This is because heat rejected by the
system in these cases is rejected into the conditioned space, and therefore, refrigeration end use
savings do not vary significantly by climate.

The recommended value for the coincidence factor is N/A. It is assumed that NY temperatures
below 75°F occur during non-summer peak hours.

The baseline condition is a refrigeration system without floating head pressure controls; fixed head
pressure typically set for approximately 95°F saturated condensing temperature, which correlates
to approximately 82°F ambient temperature.

The energy efficient condition is a refrigeration system that is controlled to allow the head pressure
to float down during cooler ambient conditions.
Operating Hours
Operating hours are based on NOAA bin data for the seven cities/weather zones in NY; Albany,
Binghamton, Buffalo, Massena, New York City, Poughkeepsie and Syracuse.


Floating head pressure controls are installed on a commercial low-temperature, unitary
condenser refrigeration system with a total refrigeration compressor horsepower of 1.5 in a
facility located near Albany. Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings and Annual Fossil
Fuel Energy Savings are not applicable. Annual Electric Energy Savings are calculated as
below.
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = (∆𝑘𝑊ℎ/ℎ𝑝) × ℎ𝑝
(∆kWh/hp) = 252.03, from application

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 252.03 × 1.5 = 378.04 𝑘𝑊ℎ

See Appendix P.


References
1. Regional Technical Forum, “Commercial: Grocery - Floating Head Pressure Controls for
Single Compressor Systems”, workbook
ComGroceryFHPCSingleCompressor_v2_1.xlsm, September 20, 2019.
Available from: https://rtf.nwcouncil.org/measure/floating-head-pressure-controls-single-
compressor-systems
Normals.
Record of Revisions
3-20-14 3/30/2020

Custom Measures
CUSTOM MEASURES
This section is designed to provide New York’s program administrators (PAs) with
additional clarification of the DPS review and oversight procedures for custom measures
and applications. The overriding DPS goal is to conduct its oversight responsibilities in a
manner that protects ratepayer dollars without unduly limiting the ability of PAs to meet
their energy savings goals and administer their programs effectively.
The PAs have the responsibility to develop accurate and unbiased estimates of energy
savings of custom projects including addressing quality control, project application review,
and energy savings calculations. The processes used by PAs to meet these responsibilities
will be reviewed by DPS to ensure accountability and transparency. To minimize the
impact on the delivery of services through currently operating programs, PAs may continue
to operate their programs while the DPS review process is ongoing.
DEFINITIONS
Quality Control (QC) – Policies and procedures established by the PA to ensure the
quality of the energy efficiency measures and services delivered to customers. Quality
control activities may include factors such as the minimum requirements for energy
calculations, model calibration to billing data, application review criteria, reporting
requirements, pre and/or post inspections, measurement and verification (M&V) of energy
savings, and qualifications of service providers.
Quality Assurance (QA) – Third party verification activities that ensure QC policies and
procedures established by the PAs are working as intended, and provide recommendations
for modification of QC policies and procedures as necessary.
Prescriptive Measure – Measure which is offered within specific efficiency programs

with a prescribed incentive amount or level for all customers participating in the applicable
programs. Not all prescriptive measures are necessarily prequalified (i.e., approved by the
DPS for offering within a program).
Prequalified Measure – Measure reviewed for cost-effectiveness by the DPS and

approved for offering within a program. All prequalified measures are prescriptive
measures, but it is the responsibility of the PAs to ensure that all prequalified measures are
cost effective within their programs.
Custom Measure – The traditional definition of a custom measure involves unique, and
often complex, technologies and processes installed in large facilities. A detailed
engineering analysis is usually required and incentives are offered based on the site-
specific expected energy savings and costs. Energy savings are estimated using a site-
specific engineering analysis. The engineering analysis technique is chosen based on the
measure and facility type with the calculations driven by site and measure-specific data.
For our purposes, this category also covers infrequently implemented measures or
applications that are not listed in an existing prescriptive program.

Custom Measures
CUSTOM MEASURES
For energy efficiency programs, custom measures include the following six categories:
Measures that are not included in the TRM and are unique to a specific non-standard
process or application, as application conditions can substantially change from project to
project. For example, this category might include custom industrial processes,
snowmaking, and computer chip fabrication facilities.
Measures that are not in Category 1, including prescriptive measures that are promoted
by the programs, but are not included in the TRM. Examples in this category include EC
motors on HVAC system fans and indirect water heaters.
Measures that are in the TRM, but that are installed in a different environment or have a
different use conditions than those assumed in the TRM. Examples in this category
include certain comprehensive chiller and cooling tower upgrades.
Measures that are in the TRM, but that require simulation modeling or other advanced
approaches in order to estimate interactive effects within a facility (if different from
Category 3). Examples in this category include whole-building performance programs
addressing single and multi-family projects and commercial new construction.
Measures that are in the TRM, but that are installed as a standard measure package for
residential retrofit where savings are predetermined by a predefined standardized
simulation approach rather than requiring whole building simulation modeling or advanced
approaches to determine savings for a single building as under Category 4. Category
examples include air sealing and insulation whole-building retrofit programs for single
family and 2-4 unit homes (Category 5) and heat pump improvements integrated with
envelope improvements (Category 6).
CATEGORY 1 – UNIQUE MEASURES/PROJECTS
This section outlines the DPS’s policy for reviewing quality control and quality assurance
policies and procedures for programs offering measures unique to a specific non-standard
process or application.
Critical review of the project energy savings projections and costs is essential to ensure
projects are cost-effective and deliver the expected savings. This is especially important
for one-of-a-kind projects, where the savings are large, and the expertise needed to
understand and verify energy savings projections is specialized. DPS expects that the PAs
will utilize an internal process for reviewing and approving large custom projects including
screening for cost-effectiveness. DPS will review this process for completeness and
transparency. PAs offering large custom incentive programs must also submit their QC
and QA processes to the DPS for review. Any issues resulting from these reviews will be
reported to the PAs, along with a list of requirements and a schedule for resolving these
issues. The QC and QA functions may be staffed internally or provided by outside
contractors. Contractors must possess appropriate certification and demonstrated expertise
in the technology or processes proposed for the project. As a component of the QC and
QA process review, the qualifications of contractors will be reviewed by the DPS.

Custom Measures
If the PA has an existing impact evaluation study capable of informing the energy savings
of a custom measure(s), this study may serve as the basis for reporting energy savings,
provided the study is reviewed by DPS and meets current EEPS evaluation guidelines and
standards.
In order to keep the DPS informed of projects and to assist in its review, the PAs will
submit monthly reports showing the progress of all “unique” custom projects in the review
and approval pipeline. The report must include a description of customer type and the
proposed project, the stage of development, energy and demand savings estimates
including baseline assumptions, and the expected approval and construction schedule. The
DPS, at its discretion, will review selected projects. The DPS will inform the PAs of its
intent to review selected projects and provide the PAs with a review schedule.
As part of the PAs evaluation plan, PAs must conduct impact evaluation on a sample of
these custom projects to verify the estimated energy savings. Staff may require a project
specific impact evaluation for very large projects. Realization rates will be reviewed and
possibly revised as evaluation studies provide more data.
CATEGORY 2 – MEASURES INCLUDING PRESCRIPTIVE MEASURES NOT IN THE TRM
The DPS understands that PAs are offering, or will be offering, incentives for measures
not included in the TRM. It is the responsibility of the PAs to ensure that all measures
are cost effective. The DPS will review the calculation procedures used by the PAs to
estimate energy savings, set incentive levels, and show cost-effectiveness. The
calculation reviews will be used to verify energy savings and cost-effectiveness, reconcile
differences between PAs offering similar measures, and along with results from impact
evaluations, inform updates of the TRMs.
PAs must submit calculations for review in a timely manner. The DPS will establish a
priority for reviewing these calculations based on the expected number of program
applications and the expected uncertainty in the energy savings estimates. PAs can report
energy savings using their internal estimates prior to the completion of the calculation
reviews. Once the reviews are completed and the energy savings adjustments are
identified, the DPS will establish a schedule for incorporating the revised energy savings
estimates into the reporting process.
CATEGORY 3 – MEASURES IN TRM BUT USED IN A DIFFERENT
APPLICATION/ENVIRONMENT
The DPS will review the PAs processes for reviewing and approving these custom
installations, along with the associated QC and QA policies and procedures. Project
review and approval must include a cost-effectiveness screening for each custom project.
The QC and QA functions may be staffed internally or provided by outside contractors.
Contractors must possess appropriate certification and demonstrated expertise in the
technology or processes proposed for the project. As a component of the QC and QA
process review, the qualifications of contractors will be reviewed by the DPS.
If the PA has an existing impact evaluation study capable of informing the energy savings
of a custom measure(s), this study may serve as the basis for reporting energy saving

Custom Measures
provided that the study is reviewed by the DPS and the meets current EEPS evaluation
guidelines and standards.
The DPS will review procedures used to verify energy savings and approve projects for
incentives. Processes used to establish project baselines and energy savings, including
engineering analysis tools and simulation software, will be reviewed by the DPS. The
DPS may review a sample of project energy savings and cost-effectiveness calculations
to check compliance with the approved internal QC processes. Any issues resulting from
DPS reviews will be reported to the PAs, along with a list of requirements and a schedule
for resolving these issues.
As part of the evaluation plan, PAs must conduct impact evaluations on at least a sample
of custom measures to verify the estimated energy savings. Staff may require a project
specific impact evaluation for very large projects. Realization rates will be reviewed by
the DPS and possibly revised as evaluation studies provide more data.
CATEGORY 4 – WHOLE -BUILDING ANALYSIS
The whole-building approach is commonly applied to new construction projects (both
residential and commercial) and specialized retrofit programs such as the Home
Performance with ENERGY STAR®. These programs use a building energy simulation
model to calculate energy savings for a combination or “package” of measures. The
building energy simulation models are informed by detailed building audits and may
include building diagnostic testing to identify energy savings opportunities.
Many of the PAs have developed internal processes for reviewing and verifying savings
estimates developed under the whole-building analysis approach. PAs offering programs
utilizing the whole-building approach must submit their QC and QA processes to the
DPS for review. Any issues resulting from DPS reviews will be reported to the PAs
along with a list of requirements and a schedule for resolving these issues. The QC and
QA functions may be staffed internally or provided by outside contractors. Contractors
must possess appropriate certification and demonstrated expertise in whole-building
performance analysis. As a component of the QC and QA process review, the
qualifications of contractors will be reviewed by the DPS.
The DPS will review the processes used to establish project baselines and energy savings
estimates, including requirements for calibrating models to measured data or
benchmarking results to established energy metrics. This effort will include a review of
analysis tools and simulation software including the administrator’s expertise in their
application. Evidence of certifications by a third party organization such as the Building
Performance Institute or RESNET would be helpful and should be provided by the PA, if
available. At the discretion of the DPS, a sample of project energy savings and cost-
effectiveness calculations will be reviewed to check compliance with the approved
internal QC processes.
Since the measures contained within the package can influence and interact with each
other, the whole building analysis gives a good representation of the savings of the
overall package of measures, but does not necessarily provide the information needed to

Custom Measures
understand the contributions of individual measures to the total savings estimate. It is

also difficult to isolate the costs of each energy savings measure from the total project
cost (especially in new construction projects). As a result, individual measure cost-
effectiveness screening is difficult to conduct within a whole-building analysis
framework. Although the overall project may be cost effective, there may be “cross
subsidies”, where highly cost effective measures are compensating for the lack of cost-
effectiveness of other measures. Each measure should be cost effective on its own.
As part of the PAs evaluation plan, PAs must conduct impact evaluation on at least a
sample of custom projects to verify the estimated energy savings. Staff may require a
project specific impact evaluation for very large projects. Realization rates will be
reviewed and possibly revised as evaluation studies provide more data.
Recommended Application Review and QC Procedures for Custom Programs

As stated above, the DPS will conduct reviews of the application review and QC
procedures in place for custom programs. The following tables provide a list of issues the
application review QC procedures for custom programs should address.
Energy Savings Calculations

Issue Criteria
Baseline definition List the criteria used to define the project baseline. The
DPS will issue further clarification on baseline
requirements in a separate document.
Energy savings calculation List acceptable calculation methods, including approved
methods building energy simulation models and other software.
Calibration Define when calculations must be calibrated with
measured data. The acceptable sources of measured data
should be defined. The calibration statistics in terms of
allowable deviation between calculations and measured
data should be defined along with allowable adjustment
ranges on important input parameters.
Calculations outside of When approved tools are required, list restrictions on
approved tools calculations that can be performed outside of the tools.
Simulation guidelines Provide general guidance on acceptable modeling
practices for building energy simulation models.
Field measurement List requirements for field measurements that must be
requirements taken and included in the measure savings calculation
process.
Application Review Process

Issue Criteria
Program applicability Check that the application meets each of the program
applicability requirements.

Custom Measures
Issue Criteria
Measure cost requirements Provide guidance on acceptable sources and processes
for estimating measure costs. Clarify the need for full
measure costs and incremental costs, and breakdowns by
labor and materials as required.
Cost-effectiveness Provide guidance on how cost-effectiveness calculations
calculation method should be done, including the required formulas and data
sources. Spreadsheets and other software tools
conforming to approved cost-effectiveness calculation
procedures may be used to meet this requirement.
Consideration of non- Describe requirements for identifying and quantifying
energy benefits (NEBs) expected non-energy benefits as applicable.
Application approval Describe the application review procedures, including
procedures the affiliations and qualifications of reviewers.
Project QC Procedures
Issue Criteria
Sampling requirements Describe sampling procedures used to review projects,
including numbers of projects reviewed and the
distribution of the sample across contractors and
consultants. Describe sampling procedures for
measures within a particular project as required.
Pre Inspections Describe requirements for pre-installation inspections,
including data collection requirements and the role of
pre-installation inspections in the energy savings
calculations.
Post inspections Describe requirements for post-installation inspections,
including data collection requirements and the role of
post-installation inspections in the energy savings
calculations, measure verification and incentive
payment release.
Performance testing Describe requirements for performance testing of
measures as a component of post-installation measure
installation verification and incentive payment release.
Commissioning Describe requirements for project or building
commissioning as applicable, including review and
approval of commissioning plans and qualifications of
commissioning agents and/or service providers.
M&V Describe post-installation M&V requirements and the
role of M&V in project verification and incentive
payment release.
Contractor certification Describe certification requirements for contractors
providing project construction and quality control
services.
Minimum experience In addition to certifications, any minimum experience
requirements for contractors should be listed.

Custom Measures
Issue Criteria
Training List requirements for ongoing training.
PA notification requirements Protocols for informing a PA representative of issues
with project quality should be described.
Consultant QC Procedures
Issue Criteria
Reporting requirements Minimum requirements for consultant reports should be
described.
Report review and approval The report review procedures and affiliations and
qualifications of report reviewers should be described.
Evaluation criteria Evaluation criteria for consultant QC reviews should be
listed.
Sampling requirements Sampling procedures for consultant QC reviews should
be described.
Consultant certifications Certification requirements for consultants should be
listed.
Consultant skills and Beyond basic certification requirements, a description of
experience the skill and experience requirements for consultants
should be listed.
PA notification Protocols for informing a PA representative of issues
requirements with consultant services quality should be described.
CATEGORY 5 – RESIDENTIAL RETROFIT STANDARDIZED SIMULATION FOR

MEASURE PACKAGES
The standardized simulation savings approach outlined here can be used to determine
savings for residential retrofit measure packages proposed for inclusion in residential
retrofit programs to reduce heating and cooling loads to prepare homes for electrification.
Savings are calculated using a standardized simulation that is an open source, physics-
based calculation method with simplified inputs, optimized to reduce input error and
contractor data collection effort. The method offers a streamlined alternative to deemed
and partially deemed savings calculations or whole house energy simulations. The
simulation physics are transparent and the underlying assumptions are explicitly defined
thereby providing consistency in the simulated savings for complex measure packages
while eliminating the need for whole house modeling often required of contractors
participating in residential home performance programs.
The standardized simulation uses an OpenStudio/EnergyPlus framework1595 and is

capable of supporting calculations for a wide range of energy conservation measures
(ECMs) and standardized packages for the residential sector, and could be readily
expanded for application to commercial and multifamily buildings. The OpenStudio
1595
The OpenStudio/EnergyPlus framework and the validation testing conducted by US Department of
Energy and others is described in supplemental documentation for the Custom Measure Category 5:
Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter A: Third Party Validation for
the Open Source Tools (EnergyPlus and OpenStudio). <Link to DMM pending publication>

Custom Measures
building performance simulation software runs on top of the EnergyPlus engine, where
OpenStudio “Measures” are defined scripts that leverage the OpenStudio framework to
automate performance simulation processes. The ECMs incorporated into standard
measure packages can include complex measures such as heat pumps, controls, energy
storage and other improvements.
These standardized simulation methods support a set of flexible and extensible residential
retrofit measure packages that can be used by PAs to readily incorporate envelope
improvements into weatherization programs suitable for the residential sector. Packages
are flexible in that the PA may select one or more energy efficiency improvements and
extensible in that energy efficiency and clean energy improvements can be added to
the retrofit measure package. Realization rate studies have shown that calibrated energy
models can improve savings prediction accuracy.1596 Field studies of asset ratings, using
similar standardized simulation methods and standard occupancy related inputs, also have
shown strong correlations between predicted and actual usage.1597
Standardized Simulation Benefits
Standardized simulations have a number of advantages over the typical partially deemed
calculations and whole house modeling, and leverage the underlying physics models to
address complex measures such as:
• Packages: Groups, or packages of measures interact with each other within the
physics of the simulation. For example, envelope measures combine to change
the reference temperature in the building.
• Floors: Floors above unconditioned spaces are not exposed to the outdoor
temperature. Calculating the temperature of this unconditioned space is
complicated. Uninsulated floors also reduce cooling load.
• Windows: Improvements to window U-Value also reduces the transmission of
solar gain into the building. This solar gain varies with the direction of the
window.
• Complex Technologies: Technologies where performance varies with temperature
(e.g., heat pumps) or with changes in schedule can be represented accurately.
• Fuel conversions: Load reductions resulting from implementation of residential
retrofit measure packages may include fuel conversion retrofits that are readily
accounted for by standardized simulation methods.
The standardized simulation allows for a wider range of inputs, relative to the limitations
of tables of variables, thereby increasing accuracy. Notable impacts:
1596
Jerone Gagliano et al., NYSERDA Home Performance with Energy Star Realization Rate Attribution
Study (Ithaca, NY: 2015); Dana Nilsson et al., HPwES On Bill Recovery Impact Evaluation (Albany, NY:
2019).
1597
David Roberts et al., Assessment of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Home Energy Scoring Tool,
(Golden, Colorado: July 2012); Brett Dillion et. al., Standard for the Calculation and Labeling of the
Energy Performance of Low-Rise Residential Buildings using an Energy Rating Index (January 2016).

Custom Measures
• Expansion in the number of weather files available, from 7 to 49, offering

improvements in accuracy of up to 10% for building locations outside of the
seven urban areas currently in the TRM.
• Operation hours for heating and cooling equipment are not fixed Equivalent Full
Load Hours. Equipment run times are flexible and determined by the load in the
simulation.
• Thermostat settings can be adjusted to more closely reflect occupant operation of
equipment. This can help reduce overestimation of savings.
The standard simulation provides improved metrics, including:
• Time and location dependent peak impacts, for both electricity and gas, using
program defined flexible definitions of peak periods.
• Building design load reduction due to the weatherization measure packages using
an Equivalent Block Design Load method
Description of the Residential Retrofit Measure Packages
This section describes the flexible and extensible residential retrofit measure packages
developed using the standardized simulation.
Three packages are presented by order of priority based on the estimated load reduction
and savings impact realized from the package installation in the climate zone as identified
by building zip code and mapped to the appropriate NREL TMY3 weather file.1598 By
standardizing the package offered to the consumer, the contractor may reduce customer
acquisition costs while driving consumer choice of greatest impact. The package
improvements are intended to be implemented in a tiered approach to achieve the highest
reduction in the home's heating and cooling loads thereby making the home ready for
clean heating solutions aligned with electrification goals in New York.
The simulation methods are both flexible and extensible enabling custom packages to
satisfy policy goals specific to given regions.
The three standard packages and the minimum requirements for each measure included in
a specific package are presented in Table Residential Retrofit Measure Packages, shown
below.
• Package 1: attic air sealing and insulation, basement rim joist seal and insulate
• Package 2: wall insulation, floor insulation, and all measures included in Package
1
• Package 3: ENERGYSTAR windows (or equivalent) and all measures included
in Package 2
The standardized simulation method may be updated to reflect the most current weather long-term
1598
average weather data used by the NY TRM.

Custom Measures
Measure Measure Package Package Package Compliance

Category 1 2 3 Efficiency
Air Leakage Air leakage X X X Ensure air leakage
Sealing improvement paths between the
attic and living
space are sealed,
leakage paths
between basement
rim joist and outside
are sealed and the
final air leakage rate
(ACH50) is
measured with a
blower door.
Attic hatch X X X R-20/R-13
sealing and
insulation and
pull-down
stairs
Blown in Attic X X X R-49
cellulose insulation
attic
insulation
Insulation, Duct X X X R-12
Opaque insulation
shell (external to
envelope)
Rim joist, X X X R-14
spray foam
Knee walls X X X R-15
(Cape Cods)
Wall cavity X X R-14
insulation
Window Window X U-Factor: 0.28
replacement SHGC: 0.32
1599
Based on BG&E ‘Development of Residential Load Profile for Central Air Conditioners and Heat
Pumps’ research, the Maryland Peak Definition coincidence factor is 0.69. This study is not publicly
available, but is referenced by M. M. Straub, Using Available Information for Efficient Evaluation of
Demand-Side Management. Programs, Electricity Journal, September 2011 and supported by research
conducted by Cadmus on behalf of the RM Management Committee.

Custom Measures
Baseline efficiencies
The baseline condition is a building’s existing condition, inclusive of housing type,

vintage, housing characteristics, and estimated air leakage (or actual blower door test
value).
Compliance efficiencies
The compliance condition is a residential opaque building shell with increased insulation
meeting or exceeding the Package 1, Package 2, and Package 3 described in the table
above.
Opaque shell insulation improvements performed under this measure shall be installed
such that all altered envelope components comply with all federal, state, local and
municipal codes and standards applicable to alterations to existing buildings, including
but not limited to SectionR503.1 of ECCCNYS 20201600 requiring all existing ceiling,
wall, and floor cavities exposed during construction to be filled with insulation. Thermal
envelope components not altered as part of this measure (e.g., continuous insulation in
wood-framed buildings) are not required to meet code for compliance.
Residential Retrofit Measure Package Inputs
The standardized simulations include simplification and optimization of inputs. Analysis

of the influence of various inputs on savings is used to focus the standardized simulation
data collection on the inputs that influence savings the most, defaulting or abstracting
other inputs.
These input simplifications, along with conservative assumptions on preconditions in the

buildings, are key to managing the variability in results. Packages, described in the table
above, combined with the sensitivity analysis,1601 drive the definition of the standardized
program data model (aka, Heat Pump Ready eXtensible Markup Language HPRXML).
Method for Calculation: Transforming Program Data (HPRXML) into HPXML
The standardized simulation data collection and inputs have been simplified significantly
over that generally required for energy modeling tools and leverages the BPI-2100-S-
2013 Standard for Home Performance-Related Data Transfer (Home Performance XML).
The HPRXML is transformed to HPXML and is aligned with the US Department of
Energy Home Energy Score data set to provide a future option to generate a post retrofit
Home Energy Score, albeit with current credentialing requirements. The US DOE has
conducted a considerable amount of field validation on this data model as a front end for
1600
1601
The sensitivity analysis is described in supplemental documentation for the Custom Measure Category
5: Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter C: Validation of Savings
Results. <Link to DMM pending publication>

Custom Measures
a simulation.1602 Additionally, the HPRXML data taxonomy was aligned with Home
Energy Score where possible.
The transformation of the HPRXML data model into HPXML uses an approach called
"Improvement Driven Modeling" (see figure below). This approach leverages the fact
that the energy savings is primarily driven by the change in the model. Detailed data
collection efforts are focused on defining the specifications of the changes to the
building. The building itself is generalized as a box, defined by primary characteristics.
The HPXML files generated by the method are fed into the open source OpenStudio-
HPXML Measure1603 developed by the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL).
OpenStudio is "middleware" software, also developed by NREL, built to simplify the
process of working with the EnergyPlus simulation engine. OpenStudio Measures are
scripts, or interpreted programs, that leverage the OpenStudio Application Programming
Interface to manage the simulation processes. The OpenStudio-HPXML Measure is
called to run the EnergyPlus simulations using the building descriptions in corresponding
HPXML files.1604
Total electricity end use, total natural gas or other fuel end use, peak electric and gas
demand, zone sensible heating load, and zone sensible cooling load are pulled from the
results for each simulation. The process returns a CSV file with the result for each run in
a row of the CSV file.
To calculate savings, the values for performance metrics across improvement packages
are subtracted by the program management software from those for the base (pre-
improvement) building energy model.
1602
Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter A: Third Party Validation for
the Open Source Tools (EnergyPlus and OpenStudio). <Link to DMM pending publication>
1603
https://github.com/NREL/OpenStudio-HPXML
1604
More information about this Measure can be found here: https://openstudio-
hpxml.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

Custom Measures
The formulas, assumptions, and tables supporting the transformation from HPRXML into
HPXML are provided in supplemental documentation for the Custom Measure 5:
Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter B: Detailed
Description for Transforming Standardized Program Data (HPRXML) into HPXML.
Managing Workflows
The standardized simulation is maintained by transparently transforming the program
data into the HPXML data standard before processing by the OpenStudio/EnergyPlus
simulation framework. An open source OpenStudio “measure” or script processes the
HPXML file producing an EnergyPlus simulation run for each HPXML file it processes.
This approach allows the calculations of the standardized simulation to be replicated on a
local computer as shown in the figure below.1605
The standardized simulation is deployed on a central cloud server. Access to the server is
through an online Application Programming Interface (API). Data files in a standard
format (HPRXML) are sent by a program administration platform to the cloud server and
processed into different HPXML files representing the existing building, including any
required baseline values and the Package 1, Package 2, and Package 3 files.
Detailed Extract Transform Load Workflow Description

The Residential Retrofit Standardized Simulation for Measure Packages uses a
transparent extract-transform-load (ETL) workflow to support standardized EnergyPlus
simulation savings estimation for Package 1, Package 2, and Package 3 improvements in
single-family detached residences. This is a data industry standard approach to managing
the transformation of data with algorithms. The following describes the processes
associated with each stage of this workflow.
1605
Support for replicating the generation of an EnergyPlus simulation using the OpenStudio “measure” is
provided in supplemental documentation for the Custom Measure Category 5: Residential Retrofit
Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter G: Methods for Third Party Review of the
Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages Savings Method.

Custom Measures
Extract
Data extraction is the first stage of an ETL workflow. Data is collected using a program
management platform that validates contractor entries according to a set of tests
described in supplemental documentation for the Custom Measure 5: Residential Retrofit
Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter D: Quality Assurance Methods for
Standardized Simulations. Data is extracted from the Program Management platform in
XML format. The building level XML data file that is passed into the next stage of this
workflow is called a Heat Pump Ready XML (HPRXML).1606 The calculation related
inputs to the HPRXML file are described in the Summary of Data Source and Variables
section below. HPRXML contains a combination of building description and
improvement description. When the HPRXML is processed into HPXML the detailed
descriptions of the improvements are embedded in the package HPXML files.
Improvements are added in stages to create packages with increasing savings depth.
Transform
The extracted HPRXML is read for transformation. The goal of this step is to convert a
HPRXML into Home Performance XML files (HPXML). These HPXMLs represent the:
• Base Building: The building as it currently exists.
• Package 1, Package 2, and Package 3 Packages: Improvements from
corresponding packages within the extracted HPRXML are used to create the
improved buildings.
Documentation for the full transform is described in supplemental documentation for the
Custom Measure Category 5: Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure
Packages, Chapter B: Detailed Description for Transforming Standardized Program
Data (HPRXML) into HPXML. HPXML files generated can be downloaded and
inspected, and the changes in the HPXML data compared to transforms described in the
documentation. The files can then be run in the OpenStudio/EnergyPlus framework,
generating the same results as the cloud-based simulation. This provides full transparency
on the calculation method.
To support multiple envelope designs and HVAC types, there are individual XML
templates for each primary building component. See tables below for examples.
Combining the templates that match the envelope design and HVAC type for an
inspected home creates a base building HPXML. Three building styles, five foundation
types, and eight HVAC systems are supported (see Table Supported Envelope Designs
and HVAC Types). All buildings are modeled with vented attics. Contractors can select
the closest type for buildings outside of the three primary types supported.
Further details are described in supplemental documentation for the Custom Measure Category 5:
1606
Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter B: Detailed Description for
Transforming Standardized Program Data (HPRXML) into HPXML.

Custom Measures
Table: Supported Envelope Designs and HVAC Types

Building Component Enumeration
Style Ranch, Colonial, Cape Cod
Foundation Type Slab, Conditioned Basement, Unconditioned
Basement, Vented Crawl Space, Unvented Crawl
Space
Heating Systems Condensing and Non-Condensing Furnaces, Wall
Furnaces, Condensing and Non-Condensing Boilers,
Electric Baseboards
Cooling Systems Room Air Conditioners, Central Air Conditioners
Heat Pumps Air Source Heat Pumps, Ductless Mini-Splits, Ground
Source Heat Pumps
Table Data Transform Abstractions

HPRXML Inputs Abstracted HPXML Specifications
Construction Era Attic Floor R-Value
Building Style, Roof Pitch, Roof Area, Attic Gable Area, Cape Cod
Number of Stories, Knee Wall Area, Cape Cod Knee Roof Area, Above
Conditioned Floor Grade Wall Area, Window Area, Rim Joist Area,
Area Attic Floor/ Slab / Floor above Foundation Area,
Foundation Wall Area, Hot Water Piping Length,
Supply and Return Duct Areas
Foundation Type Conditioned Building Volume, Foundation Wall Area
Load
During this stage, the HPXML files are fed into the OpenStudio-HPXML Measure.
The OpenStudio-HPXML Measure will run the residential EnergyPlus simulations
using the building descriptions in corresponding HPXML files.1607
Total electricity end use, total natural gas or additional fuel end use, peak electric
demand, ,peak gas demand, zone sensible heating load, and zone sensible cooling
load are pulled from the results for each simulation. Before calculating savings, the
HPXML file results are grouped into categories. To calculate savings in each group,
the values for performance metrics across improvement packages are subtracted
from those for the corresponding base building.
Operating Hours
Operating hours are the occupancy assumptions of the standardized simulation, including
thermostat schedule.
More information about this Measure can be found here: https://openstudio-

1607
hpxml.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

Custom Measures
Operation hours for heating and cooling equipment are not fixed Equivalent Full Load
Hours. Equipment run times are flexible and determined by the load in the in the
simulation. Changes in load, such as in the measures being submitted, affect the
equipment run times
Standardized simulation results are at the whole building per fuel level. The standardized
Package 1, Package 2, and Package 3 for different buildings will contain different mixes
of measures based on the requirements of each building. Table Estimated Average
Measure Impacts, below, contains the estimated average improvements per measure for
each package and an estimate of the expected savings contribution from that measure on
an average home.
Table Estimated Average Measure Impacts

Residential Retrofit Estimated Estimated Estimated Units
Measure Area Average Average
Existing Improved
Condition Condition
Air Leakage NA 3200 2400 CFM50
Attic Insulation 800 11 49 R Value
Rim Joist Insulation 130 5 19 R Value
Duct Insulation 50 2 23 R Value
Wall Insulation 1200 5 14 R Value
Floor Insulation 500 7 24 R Value
Window Replacement 200 0.556 0.270 U Value
These percentages are used to create a Composite Weighted Package Life, presented in
Table Calculation of Composite Weighed Package Life, below.
Table Calculation of Composite Weighed Package Life

Package Measure Measure Estimated Estimated Estimated Estimated
Life from Average % Average % Average % Composite
TRM in Contribution Contribution Contribution Weighted
Years per Measure per Measure per Measure Package
(See NY to Package 1 to Package 2 to Package 3 Life
TRM (Years)
Appendix
P)
Package 1 Air Sealing 15 37% 16% 14% 20.3

Package 1 Attic 25 36% 16% 13%
Insulation
Package 1 Rim Joist 25 12% 5% 5%
Insulation
Package 1 Duct 18 15% 6% 5%
Insulation

Custom Measures

TRM (Years)
Appendix
P)
Package 2 Wall 25 43% 37% 22.9

Insulation
Package 2 Floor 25 14% 12%
Insulation
Package 3 Replacement 20 14% 22.5
Windows
Ancillary Fossil Fuel Savings Impact
Ancillary savings impacts are implicitly captured in the simulation.
Ancillary Electric Savings Impact
Additional Outputs from the Residential Retrofit Measure Packages
The OpenStudio/EnergyPlus based method provides additional metrics beyond annual

savings and demand impacts that may be of high value to programs.
➢ Manual J “Equivalent” Heating and Cooling Loads The EnergyPlus /

OpenStudio workflow also outputs “Whole House” Peak Heating and Cooling
loads calculated using an approach which mimics Manual J8 AE. When modeled
HVAC equipment is indicated as ‘auto-sized’, these capacities are used to set the
auto-sized capacity values. The “Manual J8 AE Equivalent” method estimates the
peak heating and cooling load contributions of windows, doors, walls, roofs,
floors and infiltration/ventilation components and occupant related internal gains
that are described within an HPXML file.
➢ Time and Location Dependent Peak Demand The EnergyPlus / OpenStudio
workflow generates several data outputs that supports the estimation of location
specific values of Peak Demand. A machine learning algorithm (also used by the
DOE Asset Score Tool) has been used to map one of 49 different TMY3 Weather
files to each of the 1,753 New York Zip Codes. For each HPXML file and
associated simulation run, a maximum value of the whole building electricity
meter is reported, along with the paired 10-minute time stamp of occurrence. In
addition, the simulation provides the peak value (and time of peak) of all
electricity end-uses, such as electric heating or electric cooling. Finally, the
workflow also produces time series outputs for whole building electricity, which

Custom Measures
can be post processed to estimate values associated with a coincident system

peak.
➢ Gas Peak Heating Load The EnergyPlus / OpenStudio workflow can use the
same techniques available for estimating Peak Electrical Demand impacts that are
described above, for Natural Gas. For each HPXML file and associated
simulation, both the time of peak and magnitude of peak Natural Gas, for both
whole building usage and the heating end-use, can be generated.
➢ Customer Facing Interacted Fuel Conversion Calculations The standardized
simulation supports the calculation of interacted savings, such as the conversion
from existing equipment to heat pumps, without any envelope improvements, and
in combination with each of the measure packages.
Change Management for Standardized Simulations
The centralized cloud-based calculations support cost effective and timely change
management. A change to the method can be implemented in a central location, affecting
all subsequent calculations. These can be done on an annual or semiannual basis. The
Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages utilizes an automated
validation framework that supports analysis and reporting on the changes in the savings
for both packages and individual measures within packages. Updates to these reports are
a part of the approval process for any subsequent improvements to the calculations. The
results of the validation are described in supplemental documentation for the Custom
Measure 5: Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter C:
Validation of Savings Results.
The credentialed savings method of the standardized simulation is subject to change

management similar to other custom measures. Changes to the calculation methods will
be evaluated and submitted for approval to DPS before being deployed to the centralized
server. The cloud-based, centralized server implementation of the standardized
simulation reduces the cost of deploying changes to the calculation method when
compared to calculations distributed across many different users.
Changes could include upgrades to the EnergyPlus and OpenStudio software, adding new
ECMs to the packages, changes to the HPRXML to HPXML transform based on program
experience and evaluation results.
The variables used in the calculation are described in supplemental documentation for the
Packages, Chapter B: Detailed Description for Transforming Standardized Program
Data (HPRXML) into HPXML. Chapter B contains the details for transforming the
program data input file (HPRXML) into the HPXML data standard that is read by the
NREL OpenStudio to EnergyPlus measure. Supplemental documentation for the Custom
Measure Category 5: Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages,

Custom Measures
Chapter A: Third Party Validation for the Open Source Tools (EnergyPlus and
OpenStudio), contains documentation on the testing that these tools undergo.
Data collection is from contractors and can include remote data collection. The contractor
entered fields are described in the table below.
Input Type Variable Description Values Notes

Name
Assessment YearBuilt Estimated 2010 Select the decade
Construction Era 2000 range the main part of
1990 the house was
1980 constructed.
1970
1960
1950
1940
1930
1920
1900
Assessment FloorArea Conditioned Integer Enter the total
Floor Area conditioned floor area
of the house
Assessment BuildingType Building Type Cape Cod Select the type of the
Colonial home
Ranch
Assessment NumberStorie Number of Integer Enter a value between
s Stories 1 and 3
Assessment StoryHeight Average Story Integer Enter a value between
height (ft) 6 and 12
Assessment Bedrooms Number of Integer Enter value between 1
Bedrooms and 10
Assessment FoundationTy Foundation Type Conditioned Enter the predominant
pe Basement foundation type in the
Slab on Grade house
Unconditioned
Basement
Unvented
Crawlspace
Vented
Crawlspace
Assessment WallInsulatio Depth of wall 2x4 Select the wall cavity
n_Depth cavity 2x6 depth based on
framing members of
the wall

Custom Measures

Name
Assessment RimJoistInsul Rim/Band None Select the level of
ation Insulation level Partial existing insulation for
Full the rim joist/band
Assessment BlowerDoorIn Blower Door Integer Enter the Existing air
CFM50 leakage in CFM50
Assessment EstimatedAir Estimated Air Measured Enter estimated air
Leakage Leakage Very Leaky leakage if friable
Leaky asbestos is present in
Average the home or measured
Fairly Tight leakage if available
Tight
Assessment WindowGlazi Window Glazing Single-pane, Select the predominant
ng Type clear glazing type for
Single-pane, existing windows
tinted
Double-pane,
clear
Double-pane,
tinted
Double-pane,
insulating low-
E
Double-pane,
insulating low-
E, argon gas fill
Double-pane,
solar-control
low-E
Double-pane,
solar-control
low-E, argon
gas fill
Triple-pane,
insulating low-
E, argon gas fill
Assessment PrimaryHeati Primary Heating Electric Select the fuel for the
ngFuel Fuel Natural Gas primary heating
LPG (Propane) system
Fuel Oil

Custom Measures

Name
Assessment PrimaryHeati Primary Heating Heat Pump Select the type of the
ngSystem Type Boiler primary heating
Condensing system
boiler
Baseboard
Condensing
furnace
Central furnace
Ground
Coupled Heat
Pump
Ductless mini
split heat pump
Wall furnace
Assessment PrimaryHeati Primary Heating 2010 Select the decade in
ngSystemAge System Age 2000 which the primary
1990 heating system was
1980 installed
1970
Assessment CoolingEquip Primary Cooling Heat Pump Select the type of the
mentType Type primary cooling
Central furnace system
Ground
Coupled Heat
Pump
Ductless mini
split heat pump
Room
None
Assessment CoolingSyste Primary Cooling 2010 Select the decade in
mYear System Age 2000 which the primary
1990 cooling system was
1980 installed
1970
Assessment HotWaterFuel Hot Water Fuel Electricity Select the fuel used to
Natural Gas provide hot water
LPG (Propane)
Fuel Oil
Wood
Wood Pellets

Custom Measures

Name
Assessment ThemostatSch Thermostat None Are most of the
edule Schedule Nightly and thermostats set up on a
Weekday schedule?
Nightly Only
Assessment ElectricityUse Annual Decimal Enter the annual
Electricity Cost electricity use in USD
($) ($)
Assessment OtherFuel1 Other Fuel 1 None If there is another fuel
Natural Gas in the house for other
LPG (Propane) purpose, select from
Fuel Oil the list
Wood
Wood Pellets
Assessment OtherFuelUse Annual Other Decimal Enter the annual use in
1 Fuel 1 Cost ($) USD ($) for the other
fuel
Assessment OtherFuel2 Other Fuel 2 None If there is another fuel
Natural Gas in the house for other
LPG (Propane) purpose, select from
Fuel Oil the list
Wood
Wood Pellets
Assessment OtherFuelUse Annual Other Decimal Enter the annual use in
2 Fuel 2 Cost ($) USD ($) for the 2nd
other fuel
Improvement BlowerDoorO Improved Blower Integer Enter the improved air
Package 1 ut Door CFM50 leakage in CFM50
Improvement PrimaryAttic_ Primary Attic Integer Enter the area in sq. ft.
Package 1 ImprovedArea Improved Area of the improved attic
floor, else enter the
area in sq.ft of the
roof. Enter 0 if no
improvement is
needed
Improvement PrimaryAttic_ Primary Attic Integer Enter the improved
Package 1 ImprovedRVa Improved R- attic R-Value of either
lue Value floor or roof,
depending on what is
insulated

Custom Measures

Name
Improvement SecondaryAtti Secondary Attic String If insulating attic
Package 1 c_ImprovedA Improved Area floor, Enter the area in
rea sq. ft. of the improved
attic floor, else enter
the area in sq.ft of the
roof. Enter 0 if no
improvement is
needed.
Improvement SecondaryAtti Secondary Attic Integer Enter the improved
Package 1 c_ImprovedR Improved R- attic R-Value of either
Value Value floor or roof,
depending on what is
insulated
Improvement ExposedFloor Improved Floor Integer Enter the area in sq.ft.
Package 2 _Area Area of the improved floor
insulation. Enter 0 if
no improvement is
needed.
Improvement WallInsulatio Improved Wall Integer Enter the area in sq. ft.
Package 2 n_Area Area of the improved wall
insulation. Enter 0 if
no improvement is
needed.
Improvement WindowArea Window Integer Enter the area in sq.ft.
Package 3 _North Improved Area - of improved windows
North (Sq Ft) on the North side of
the house. Enter 0 if
no improvement is
needed.
Package 3 _East Improved Area - of improved windows
East (Sq Ft) on the East side of the
house. Enter 0 if no
improvement is
needed.

Custom Measures

Name
Package 3 _South Improved Area - of improved windows
South (Sq Ft) on the South side of
the house. Enter 0 if
no improvement is
needed.
Package 3 _West Improved Area - of improved windows
West (Sq Ft) on the West side of the
house. Enter 0 if no
improvement is
needed.
Improvement Window_Imp Window New U- Integer Enter the predominant
Package 3 rovedUValue Value improved U-Value
(Predominant)
Improvement Window_Imp Window New Integer Enter the predominant
Package 3 rovedSHGC SHGC improved Solar Heat
(Predominant) Gain Coefficient
Quality Assurance and Quality Control Procedures
Quality Assurance measures are designed to increase the speed and reduce the cost of
review compared to typical custom measures. Supplemental documentation for the
Packages, Chapter D: Quality Assurance Methods for Standardized Simulations contains
a list of automated data checks measures that will administered by a program
management tool before sending a program XML file to the EnergyPlus calculation
server. Results of the automated data checks can include triggering a manual review. The
set of data checks can be expanded and statistics for identifying outliers can be
established.
CATEGORY 6 – RESIDENTIAL HEAT PUMP PLUS WEATHERIZATION RETROFIT

STANDARD SIMULATION FOR MEASURE PACKAGES (HP + RETROFIT)
The standardized simulation savings approach outlined here can be used to determine
savings for combined heat pump and envelope measure packages proposed for inclusion
in residential retrofit programs. In addition to supporting the envelope measure packages
established in Custom Measure Category 5. This new measure, Residential Heat Pump
Plus Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulation for Measure Packages (HP+Retrofit),
supports adding both specific make and model cold climate air source heat pumps
(ccASHP)and heat pump water heaters (HPWH) to a “selected” envelope package that is
proposed for installation.

Custom Measures
The three envelope improvement package options described in custom measure Category
5, are expanded to support additional building types, changes in the thermal boundaries
for attics and basements, and low-e storm windows.
HPWH are included in the HP+Retrofit Measure and will interact with both existing
fossil fuel heating and cooling equipment and ccASHP improvements. The ccASHP
savings, included in the HP+Retrofit measure, use detailed heat pump performance data
from the Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) Cold Climate Air Source
Heat Pump List.1608 Licensing of the NEEP database is an option that will reduce
contractor effort and reduce data input error.
In order to support ccASHP savings, simplified input “Equivalent Block Load”

calculations are integrated into the HP+Retrofit measure. These design load calculation
methods have been compared to published ACCA Manual J Version 81609 standards and
the primary difference is in the simplicity of the inputs. Additionally, the use of the
standardized envelope performance established by the packages is leveraged to reduce
the required inputs for most conditions.
The HP+Retrofit measure provides additional benefits by aligning with the data
collection required by the DOE Home Energy Score. Testing verified that the HPXML
generated by the HP+Retrofit measure can successfully generate a Home Energy Score
via the Home Energy Score Application Programming Interface.
About Standardized Simulations
As in custom measure Category 5, savings in the standardized simulation is calculated

using an open source, physics-based calculation method (OpenStudio/EnergyPlus)1610
with simplified inputs, optimized to reduce input error and contractor data collection
effort. The method offers a streamlined alternative to deemed and partially deemed
savings calculations or whole house energy simulations. The simulation physics are
transparent, and the underlying assumptions are explicitly defined,1611 thereby providing
consistency in the simulated savings for complex measure packages while eliminating the
need for whole house modeling often required of contractors participating in residential
home performance programs.
The standardized simulation is capable of supporting calculations for a wide range of

energy conservation measures (ECMs) and standardized packages for the residential
1608
https://neep.org/heating-electrification/ccashp-specification-product-list.
1609
Manual J Residential Load Calculation, Arlington, VA. Air Conditioning Contractors Association.
1610
Residential Heat Pump Plus Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulation for Measure Packages, Chapter
A: Third Party Validation for the Open Source Tools (EnergyPlus and OpenStudio).
1611
Further details are described in supplemental documentation for Custom Measure Category 6:
Residential
Heat Pump Plus Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter B: Detailed
Description for Transforming Standardized Program Data (HPRXML) into HPXML <Link to DMM
pending publication>

Custom Measures
sector and can be readily expanded for application to commercial and multifamily
buildings. The OpenStudio building performance simulation software runs on top of the
EnergyPlus engine, where OpenStudio “Measures” are defined scripts that leverage the
OpenStudio framework to automate performance simulation processes. The ECMs
incorporated into standard measure packages can include complex measures such as heat
pumps, controls, energy storage and other improvements.
These standardized simulation methods support a set of flexible and extensible residential
retrofit measure packages that can be used by Program Administrators to readily
incorporate heat pump plus envelope improvements into programs suitable for the
residential sector. The packages are flexible in that the Program Administrator (PA) may
select one or more energy efficiency improvements. They are also extensible in that
energy efficiency and clean energy improvements can be added to the retrofit measure
package. Realization rate studies have shown that calibrated energy models can improve
savings prediction accuracy.1612 Field studies of asset ratings, using similar standardized
simulation methods and standard occupancy related inputs, also have shown strong
correlations between predicted and actual usage.1613
Benefits of HP+Retrofit
The HP+Retrofit measure was developed to further support the integration of envelope
improvements with the installation of ccASHP. It supports both expansion of the
Category 5 package-based envelope load reduction measures and the whole building heat
pump plus envelope measures that are a part of the statewide Clean Heating program.
The benefits of the HP+Retrofit method are:
• Reduced cost of whole building heat pump retrofits through load reduction
• Improved ccASHP performance because of envelope load reduction which reduce
cold drafts and sensitivity of thermal loads to outside air temperature and wind
• Expanded customer satisfaction with greater thermal comfort
• Better cost-effectiveness for ccASHP fuel conversion with the combination of
ccASHP plus envelope measures
• Enhanced communication between ccASHP installers and envelope contractors,
by providing a common tool for savings calculations, load calculations and data
sharing within a PA energy efficiency program.
The HP+Retrofit measure also supports PA specific demand calculations and is suitable
for use in supporting non pipes and non-wires alternatives where time and location-based
impacts add value. The measure can also support peak demand management which result
from residential building decarbonization efforts.
1612
Jerone Gagliano et al., NYSERDA Home Performance with Energy Star Realization Rate Attribution
Study (Ithaca, NY: 2015); Dana Nilsson et al., HPwES On Bill Recovery Impact Evaluation (Albany, NY:
2019).
1613
David Roberts et al., Assessment of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Home Energy Scoring Tool,
(Golden, Colorado: July 2012); Brett Dillion et. al., Standard for the Calculation and Labeling of the
Energy Performance of Low-Rise Residential Buildings using an Energy Rating Index (January 2016).

Custom Measures
Relationship of the HP+Retrofit Measure to Custom Measure Category 5
The HP+Retrofit measure builds on the EnergyPlus based standardized simulation

methods first introduced in custom measure Category 5. The same approaches to
standardized simulation measure development and documentation are used in presenting
custom measure 6. As a result, savings calculated in Category 5 envelope improvements
will have very similar results when calculated in Category 6.
Comparisons of heating fuel savings for Category 6 in Albany and New York City
weather locations were tested for parallels against several other modeling methods,1614
including: EnergyPlus Category 5, EnergyPlus 6, EmpCalc, GJGNY, Simplified
Engineering Calculation (SEC)60/70, and TREAT.
As shown in the figures below, the primary differences in savings between the
EnergyPlus based methods result from enhancements to the newer versions of
EnergyPlus and OpenStudio used in Category 6. These changes generally reduce
savings. The updated versions of EnergyPlus and OpenStudio used are documented in
Supplemental Documentation Custom Measure Category 6: Residential Heat Pump Plus
Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages: Chapter A Third
Party Validation for the Open Source Tools (EnergyPlus and OpenStudio).
FIGURE: COMPARISON OF THE HP+RETROFIT TO CUSTOM MEASURE CATEGORY 5 SAVINGS RESULTS AND
TO OTHER METHODS FOR NEW YORK CITY TMY3 WEATHER
See modeling methods described in Supplemental Documentation Custom Measure Category 5:

1614
Residential Retrofit Standard Simulations, Chapter C: Validation of Savings Results.

Custom Measures
FIGURE: COMPARISON OF THE HP+RETROFIT MEASURE TO CUSTOM MEASURE CATEGORY 5 SAVINGS

RESULTS AND OTHER METHODS FOR ALBANY TMY3 WEATHER
The drivers for developing Category 6 include the need to:
• Reduce the required number of user inputs as compared to whole building
modeling methods
• Support the calculations of savings for make and model specific heat pumps in
combination with envelope improvements
• Enable use of more detailed inputs which are required for accurate calculations of
heating and cooling design and operating loads
• Expand to flexibly support more building types
• Provision of HPXML data which can be sent to the DOE Home Energy Score to
generate a report to help embed the value of energy efficiency investments in the
house real estate value.
The HP+Retrofit interface will allow envelope contractors to use default input values
based on methods developed in Category 5, where detailed inputs are not required for
envelope load reduction savings. For example, window inputs require a full inventory of
windows for a load calculation and ccASHP installation savings calculation, but not for
an envelope only installation savings calculation.
Below is a figure comparing inputs required for a colonial style house receiving three
types of improvements. The figure compares savings calculation approaches: Category 5
– envelope only, Category 6 - HP+Retrofit, and ccASHP (no envelope improvements)
deemed savings. The results indicate Category 6 approach cuts the inputs approximately
in half.

Custom Measures
FIGURE : INPUT COMPARISON
Additional Functionality Supported by the HP+Retrofit Measure
The HP+Retrofit measure introduces new functionality to the standardized simulation to

help heat pump plus weatherization retrofits more rapidly and successfully scale in New
York State. These features include:
Integrated Block Load Calculation – Design load calculations used to size ccASHP
equipment are integrated into the HP+Retrofit measure. These calculations are performed
at a whole building or “block load” level. These calculations also provide feedback on
the design load reductions from envelope packages and can be used to quality check the
combined capacity of equipment proposed to be installed in the building. Design load
considerations and the resulting equipment sizing decisions are a key aspect of enabling
efficiency investments to support peak load management.
The equations used for these calculations are part of the NREL OpenStudio-HPXML
workflow used by both the Category 5 and Category 6 standardized simulations. The
methods used by these equations are a near duplicate of published ACCA Manual J
version 8 methods. The figure below presents the relative heating load calculation results
for an Albany location for both the Category 5 and Category 6 methods. The inputs in the
HP+Retrofit measure were standardized and simplified to align with both envelope
retrofit data collection and design load calculations. The simplified inputs were designed
and tested to maintain an accuracy range of roughly 2,000 Btus/hr below and 4,000
Btus/hr above equivalent ACCA method results for heating design loads.1615
1615
The simplification of inputs is expected to introduce limitations to the accuracy of the design load
calculation method for some non-standard envelope configurations. These limitations are anticipated to be
similar in type to those associated with the ACCA Manual J Simplified Block Load Calculation. These
limitations will be explored and documented as part of field testing of the HP+Retrofit method.

Custom Measures
FIGURE: LOAD CALCULATION COMPARISON
Forms-Based Approach to Thermal Boundary Changes – A best practice for the

installation of ducted retrofit ccASHP is to insulate the space containing the duct work,
bringing the ducts inside the building envelope, and reducing duct losses. If the insulated
space is well sealed, any duct leakage is moved from outside to inside the building
envelope. The combination of these three effects (envelope insulation, reduction of duct
heat transfer, and capturing duct leakage losses) provides a significant load reduction
impact and as well as increased occupant satisfaction with ccASHP performance. The
HP+Retrofit measure simplifies the calculation of the design load and annual energy
effects by both envelope and ccASHP contractors.
Changing the location of the thermal boundary within a simulation generally requires
developing two independent energy simulations, since the changes affect more than
altering a surface characteristic between precondition and improvement condition. With
Category 6, multiple simulations are produced from a single data file allowing different
files to have different thermal boundary conditions as defined by the source “HPRXML”
data file. Users will see this feature as a selection of the type of improvement to attics
and basement/crawlspace. Each attic or basement/crawlspace improvement type has a
different data collection requirement and is presented as a dynamic form for a contractor
to fill out.
Integration of Detailed ccASHP Equipment Performance Specifications – The

OpenStudio-HPXML workflow used by the HP+ Retrofit method contains assumptions
about the performance of ccASHP that are extrapolated from a reduced set of inputs
including HPSF, Rated Heating Capacity at 47°F, and Rated Heating Capacity at 17°F.
The prescriptive ccASHP measure1616 attempts to account for these variations, such as in
COP performance, through a climate and equipment type look up tables. However, with
the HP+Retrofit measure, specific detailed equipment performance, such as those
available in the NEEP ccASHP Product Listing Database, are utilized – providing
significant increases in accuracy of the performance of ccASHP equipment and backup
energy use.
ccASHP Measure found in NY TRM v9.0, under Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures,
1616
Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP).

Custom Measures
In developing the HP+Retrofit measure, the HPXML to OpenStudio measure was

enhanced to support additional equipment specific metrics, including Minimum Capacity
at 47°F, Maximum Capacity at 47°F, Maximum Capacity at 5°F, Maximum COP at 5°F,
Minimum COP at 47°F. As a result of these updates, the savings calculations reward
contractor equipment performance choices based on a more comprehensive set of
ccASHP performance data. The resulting savings better represent both low temperature
COP and capacity performance, as well as COP and capacity performance under low load
conditions.1617
The selection of actual ccASHP equipment to serve a whole building load also typically
requires the selection of multiple ccASHP systems. To account for this, the HP+Retrofit
measure supports allocation of the whole building heating and cooling block loads to
individual ccASHP systems. The individual ccASHP systems, which typically include
variation in performance specifications, are run simultaneously in each EnergyPlus model
generated by the HP+Retrofit method. The block load chosen by the contractor to each
piece of equipment is allocated by the EnergyPlus simulation to each piece of equipment
at each simulated time step. This approach improves the accuracy of peak electricity
predictions.
Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) – The HPWH measure can be added to any of the
three envelope packages and also to any heat pump(s) added to an envelope package.
The HPWH measure is fully integrated with the EnergyPlus simulation and is not a stand-
alone engineering calculation. Thus, the modeled HPWH operation is affecting the
performance of the simulation at each time step. The location of the HPWH heater is an
input (e.g., the basement) and thus the calculated savings from the chosen envelope
package reflected in the performance of the HPWH. Category 6 standardizes hot water
consumption schedules; and hot water consumption is scaled based on number of
bedrooms.1618
Testing of New Features in the HP+Retrofit Measure
Design of Category 6 new features required additional testing against other simulations or
load calculation tools beyond the testing conducted for the Category 5.
In general, the energy savings results of HP+Retrofit method are lower (more
conservative) than those of TREAT for the corresponding test cases. The two primary
contributing factors for this are the difference in load heat loss/gain algorithms, and the
different timesteps used for calculating the HVAC energy. EnergyPlus is continuously
being maintained and updated by the DOE with new features and improved algorithms.
1617
Modifications to ccASHP modeling methods are described in Supplemental Documentation Custom
Measure Category 6:Residential Heat Pump Plus Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulations for
Measure Packages, Chapter C: Modifying HPXML-EnergyPlus Inputs to Use NEEP Data. <Link to DMM
pending publication>
1618
Similar to the work done to enhance the information used to model ccASHP, assumptions about
performance curves for HPWH could be made more equipment specific as part of a future revision of the
HP+Retrofit measure.

Custom Measures
TREAT’s heat loss/gain algorithms come from the underlying SUNREL engine, last
updated in 2002.
When compared to BEopt, the energy savings results of HP+Retrofit method are lower
(more conservative) for the corresponding duct improvement test cases but are higher for
the HPWH test cases. BEopt was last updated in 2018, and even though BEopt uses
EnergyPlus as its underlying calculation engine, it is using EnergyPlus Ver 8.8, while the
HP+Retrofit method uses the latest version of EnergyPlus, Ver 22.1. Additionally, the
translation of key input variables to the native EnergyPlus inputs differs between BeOpt
and the HPXML to OpenStudio workflow.
In areas where there were significant variances in results between Category 5 and
Category 6 methods, additional investigation was conducted typically by evaluating
performance at an hourly component level. After minor improvements to the initial
HP+Retrofit method, there is greater confidence in the Version 22.1.0 EnergyPlus results
than in the other methods, and these variances were allowed to persist. As a result of
testing new features in Category 6, further enhancements were made to the following
calculation components.
Load Calculations – Test results for the load calculation in the HP+Retrofit method
resulted in minor improvements by NREL to the calculations in OpenStudio which
improved alignment to the ACCA Manual J Version 8 results. Much of the variance
between methods in the tested results is due to the simplification of inputs. Example
results are shown above in Figure: Load Calculation Comparison.
New Envelope Features – Generally, insulating unconditioned spaces to change the

thermal envelope boundary requires a robust simulation for comparison. Differences in
ground coupling and in the handling of floating temperatures in unconditioned spaces
were the primary source of savings variation.
Where there were significant variances in results between methods, additional

investigation was conducted typically by evaluating performance at an hourly component
level. After minor improvements to the initial HP+Retrofit method, there is greater
confidence in the Version 22.1.0 EnergyPlus results than in the other methods, and these
variances were allowed to persist.
Windows – The wide variation in EnergyPlus generated window savings results

compared to other methods, including the TREAT simulation, was first noted in the
testing for custom measure Category 5. A detailed investigation of this improvement,
done in coordination with NREL, increased confidence in the conservative windows
improvement (Package 3) savings results in the EnergyPlus based methods. See Figures:
Comparison of Custom Measure Category 5 savings results to other methods including
HP+Retrofit for Albany/New York City, above TMY3 weather, above. These Figures
show that the annual energy savings for windows are reduced from custom measure
Category 5 to the HP+Retrofit method.

Custom Measures
The performance accuracy of windows in the EnergyPlus and OpenStudio platforms

continues to be enhanced by DOE and methods leveraging these tools benefit from this
continued federal investment. This EnergyPlus enhancement has reduced annual energy
savings from windows. Load reduction savings (changes in equipment design load) are
based on the industry standard load calculation method in the HPXML to OpenStudio
measure and not affected by these changes to EnergyPlus.
Duct Improvements – These tests examined the impact of changes to duct insulation and
leakage in various types of unconditioned spaces. BEopt was used as the comparison
simulation for these runs. Results between BEopt and the HP+Retrofit method were
similar except when evaluating duct leakage changes to insulated ducts located in an
unconditioned basement. The EnergyPlus results were more conservative in this case,
with reasons similar to those stated above. These differences in savings are due to
different duct leakage heat gain/loss to the space algorithms and different abstraction of
the duct leakage input.
HPWH – Test results for HPWH savings scenarios were generated, using the BEopt
v2.8.0 software. Testing confirmed that HPWH location correctly impacts HVAC
interactivity and space temperature depression, when located in unconditioned areas.
Savings differences identified between HP+Retrofit and BEopt are likely due to due
improvement in how the floating space temperature of unconditioned basements are
handled, as well as differences in the HPWH models between versions of OpenStudio
and EnergyPlus.
ccASHP – Supplemental Documentation Custom Measure Category 6: Residential Heat

Pump Plus Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter
C: Modifying HPXML-EnergyPlus Inputs to Use NEEP Data details extensive testing of
the ccASHP modeling capabilities of the OpenStudio-HPXML v1.4.0 workflow.
Modifications to the workflow were made to allow specific ccASHP systems to be
modeled, using performance parameters extracted from the NEEP ccASHP Product List.
Description of the HP+Retrofit Measure Packages
This section describes the flexible and extensible residential HP+Retrofit packages
developed using the standardized simulation.
Three packages are presented by order of priority based on the estimated load reduction
and savings impact realized from the package installation in the climate zone as identified
by building zip code and mapped to the appropriate NREL TMY3 weather file.1619 By
standardizing the package offered to the consumer, the contractor’s customer acquisition
costs are reduced and customer choices are driven to those with the greatest impact. The
package improvements are intended to be implemented in a tiered approach to achieve
the highest reduction in the home's heating and cooling loads thereby making the home
ready for clean heating solutions aligned with electrification goals in New York.
The standardized simulation method may be updated to reflect the most current weather long-term
1619
average weather data. used by the NY TRM.

Custom Measures
The simulation methods are both flexible and extensible enabling custom packages to
satisfy policy goals specific to given NYS regions.
The three standard packages and the minimum requirements for each measure included in
a specific package are presented in the Table HP+Retrofit, shown below.
• Package 1: attic insulation improvement (gable wall roof deck or attic floor), and
basement rim joist seal and insulate
• Package 2: exterior above grade wall insulation, foundation ceiling insulation,
foundation wall insulation, garage wall / ceiling insulation, cantilevered surface
insulation, and all measures included in Package 1
• Package 3: ENERGY STAR windows (or equivalent) and all measures included
in Package 2
Savings from one of the three standard packages may be interactively combined with the
installation of one or more ccASHP system(s). Category 6 utilizes the HEAT PUMP –
AIR SOURCE (ccASHP) measure description.
Savings from one of the three standard packages may be interactively combined with the
installation of a HPWH. Category 6 utilizes the HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER
(HPWH) – AIR SOURCE measure description.

Custom Measures
Table HP+Retrofit Measure Packages

Measure Package Package Package
Measure Compliance Efficiency
Category 1 2 3
Load Reduction Packages
Attic Floor Insulation X X X
Attic Gable Wall or Attic
X X X
Roof Deck Insulation
Knee Walls (Cape Cods) X X X See Insulation – Opaque Shell
Insulation -
Slope Ceiling (Cape Cods) X X X 1620
Opaque Shell Prescriptive Measure
Rim Joist, spray foam X X X
Duct insulation (external to
X X X
envelope)
Wall cavity insulation X X
Air Leakage Improvement X X X
Air Leakage Attic Hatch Sealing and See Air Leakage Sealing Prescriptive
Sealing insulation and pull down- X X X 1621
Measure
stairs
Insulate Foundation Ceiling X X
Insulate Basement Wall X X See Insulation – Opaque Shell
Insulation -
Insulate Crawlspace Wall X X 1620
Opaque Shell Prescriptive Measure
Insulate Garage Wall /
X X
Ceiling or Cantilever Surface
Window – See Window – Low E Storm Prescriptive
Install Low-E Storm Window X 1622
Low-E Storm Measure
See Window – Low E Storm
Window Replace Windows X 1623
Prescriptive Measure
Optional Extensions to Load Reduction Packages
Cold Climate See Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP)
Install ccASHP system(s) x x x 1624
Heat Pump(s) Prescriptive Measure
See Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) –
HPWH Install HPWH x x x 1625
Air Source Prescriptive Measure
The EnergyPlus simulations produce project specific hourly simulation results for 49
weather files across New York State that can be utilized to generate time and location
based peak impacts across a range of definitions of peak including both gas and electric
fuels. This allows peak definitions to be set at the program level and calculated after
each simulation run. Peak impacts should be based on other approved definitions of
peak.
1620
Measure in NY TRM v9.0, under Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures, Building Shell,
Insulation – Opaque Shell.
1621
Insulation – Opaque Shell.
1622
Window - Low-E Storm.
1623
Window.
1624
Measure in NY TRM v9.0, under Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures, Heating Ventilation
and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP).
1625
Measure in NY TRM v9.0, under Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures, Domestic Hot Water,
Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) – Air Source.

Custom Measures
Baseline efficiencies
The baseline condition is a building’s existing condition, inclusive of housing type,

vintage, housing characteristics, and estimated air leakage (or actual blower door test
value).
Compliance efficiencies
For envelope improvements , the compliance condition is a residential opaque building

shell with increased insulation meeting or exceeding the levels described in the Table
HP+Retrofit Measure Packages, above.
Opaque shell insulation improvements performed under this measure shall be installed
such that all altered envelope components comply with all federal, state, local and
municipal codes and standards applicable to alterations to existing buildings, including
but not limited to SectionR503.1 of ECCCNYS 20201626 requiring all existing ceiling,
wall, and floor cavities exposed during construction to be filled with insulation. Thermal
envelope components not altered as part of this measure (e.g., continuous insulation in
wood-framed buildings) are not required to meet code for compliance.
For ccASHP improvements, the compliance condition is the same as used for the
ccASHP prescriptive measure.1627
For HPWH improvements, the compliance condition is the same as used for the HPWH
prescriptive measure.1628
HP+Retrofit Measure Package Inputs
The standardized simulations include simplification and optimization of inputs. Analysis

of the influence of various inputs on savings is used to focus data collection on the inputs
that influence savings the most, defaulting or abstracting other inputs.
These input simplifications, along with conservative assumptions on preconditions in the

buildings, are key to managing the variability in results. Packages, described in Table
HP+Retrofit Measure Packages (above), drive the definition of the standardized program
data model (aka, Heat Pump Ready eXtensible Markup Language HPRXML).
Method for the Calculation
The HP+Retrofit calculation method builds on the EnergyPlus based methods introduced
custom measure Category 5. The HP+Retrofit method also transforms a program defined
XML data structure into the HPXML data standard for processing by the open source
OpenStudio and EnergyPlus tools. The data collection requirement for HP+Retrofit is
1626
1627
Measure in NY TRM v9.0, under Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures, Heating Ventilation
and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Heat Pump – Air Source (ccASHP).
1628
Measure in NY TRM v9.0, under Single and Multi-Family Residential Measures, Domestic Hot Water,
Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) – Air Source.

Custom Measures
larger than in Category 5, driven by the need to be more accurate in the calculation of
heat pump system design capacity and loads. As noted in the Supplemental
Documentation Custom Measure Category 6: Residential Heat Pump Plus
Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages , Chapters A and C,
the HPXML to OpenStudio measure has also been adjusted in targeted fashion to
improve the ability of the HP+Retrofit measure to predict the performance of different
contractor selected heat pumps, using equipment specific performance data available in
the NEEP Cold Climate Air Source Heat Pump Database.
Operating Hours
Operating hours are the occupancy assumptions of the standardized simulation, including
thermostat schedule.
Operation hours for heating and cooling equipment are not fixed Equivalent Full Load
Hours (EFLH). Equipment run times are flexible and determined by the load in the
Category 6 simulation. Changes in load, such as in the measures being submitted, affect
the equipment run times.
Standardized simulation results are at the whole building per fuel level. The standardized
Package 1, Package 2, and Package 3 for different buildings will contain different mixes
of measures based on the requirements of each building. In Table Estimated Average
Measure Impacts, the estimated average improvements per measure for each package are
presented. Also included are an estimate of the expected savings contributed from each
measure on an average home.
Table Estimated Average Measure Impacts

Estimated Estimated
Residential Retrofit Estimated Average Average
Units
Measure Area (ft2) Existing Improved
Condition Condition
Air Leakage NA 3200 2400 CFM50
Attic Insulation 800 11 49 R Value
Rim Joist Insulation 130 5 19 R Value
Duct Insulation 50 2 23 R Value
Wall Insulation 1200 5 14 R Value
Floor Insulation 500 7 24 R Value
Window Replacement 200 0.556 0.270 U Value
ccASHP NA NA NA NA
Heat Pump Water
NA NA NA NA
Heater
These percentages are used to create a Composite Weighted Package Life, presented in
Table Calculation of Composite Weighed Package Life, below. HP+Retrofit added

Custom Measures
equipment options to the basic envelope load reduction packages. These options are
treated separate measure packages, with the measure life of the installed equipment
affecting the composite measure life of the package type as shown below in Table –
Weighted Composite Package Life for Equipment Options.
Table Calculation of Composite Weighed Package Life

TRM (Years)
Appendix P)
Package 1 Air Sealing 15 37% 16% 14%

Attic
Package 1 25 36% 16% 13%
Insulation
Rim Joist 20.3
Package 1 25 12% 5% 5%
Insulation
Duct
Package 1 18 15% 6% 5%
Insulation
Wall
Package 2 25 43% 37%
Insulation
22.9
Floor
Package 2 25 14% 12%
Insulation
Replacement
Package 3 20 14% 22.5
Windows
Table – Weighted Composite Package Life for Equipment Options
Measure
Life from Estimated Adjusted
Envelope
TRM in Average % Measure
Package
Package Years Added Life for
Measure Measure
Option (See NY Savings Equipment
Life (see
TRM Contribution Enhanced
above)
Appendix P) to Package Package
Package 1
Plus ccASHP 15 50%
ccASHP
20.3 16.2
Package 1
Plus HPWH 10 10%
HPWH
Package 2
Plus ccASHP 15 40%
ccASHP
22.9 18.7
Package 2
Plus HPWH 10 8%
HPWH

Custom Measures
Package 3
Plus ccASHP 15 35%
ccASHP
22.5 19
Package 3
Plus HPWH 10 7%
HPWH
Ancillary Fossil Fuel Savings Impact

Ancillary Electric Savings Impact

Additional Outputs from the HP+Retrofit Measure
The HPXML to OpenStudio measure and the hourly EnergyPlus simulations produced by
this measure produce outputs beyond annual savings that can be used to support energy
efficiency program delivery.
The block heating and cooling design load calculation method within the HPXML to
OpenStudio method is used to produce a heating and cooling load calculation for the base
building and each of the three envelope packages. Cold climate heat pump sizing in New
York State is dominated by heating loads so development of reports using this data have
focused on heating loads. In contrast to most heating and cooling load calculation tools,
which assume the load is fixed and the contractor is interested in comparing equipment,
the HP+Retrofit measure can show the design loads for the base building and each of the
three envelope packages. The OpenStudio to HPXML measure also includes the
component load calculations allowing for the generation of design load analysis reports
such as in Figure: Example Heating Design Load Report showing Component Level
Envelope Loads by Package, below. Note that while design load impacts were part of the
output from the Category 5 measure, these impacts were only accurate on relative basis,
not absolute, and therefore the absolute design loads impacts were not made available to
contractors in the application of the Category 5 measure.

Custom Measures
FIGURE: EXAMPLE HEATING DESIGN LOAD REPORT SHOWING COMPONENT LEVEL ENVELOPE LOADS BY
PACKAGE
The Figure above shows the heating design load and load reduction impact of each
package at the whole building and component level, both with and without ducts. This
type of report supports improved contractor installation design decision-making by
providing information on the impacts of the load reduction packages on equipment
selection and sizing. This information can also support accelerated quality assurance
review of contractor submitted load calculations.
The allocation of loads to individual specific ccASHP offers another opportunity to

provide information to support contractor installation design decision making and

Custom Measures
program installation quality assurance. The block load calculation in the HP+Retrofit
method sets a cap on the total load that can be allocated to installed ccASHP equipment.
The EnergyPlus calculation allows for the hourly level detection of low load operation as
measured by the minimum capacity of the specified equipment at that temperature. This
information can be used by contractors and programs to help understand the potential
impacts of too much load below minimum equipment capacity.
Additionally, the hourly simulation results, while not a part of the delivered output due to
processing speed and bandwidth constraints, can be cost effectively queried at the
EnergyPlus server to produce time, location, and technology dependent peak load
impacts results based on a utility defined definition of peak. See the Coincidence Factor
section above. These results allow the HP+Retrofit to be used to directly produce
customized peak load outputs to support non pipes and non wires alternatives.
Change Management for Standardized Simulations

The centralized cloud-based calculations support cost effective and timely change
management. A change to the method can be implemented in a central location, affecting
all subsequent calculations. These can be done on an annual or semiannual basis. The
HP+ Retrofit method utilizes an automated validation framework that supports analysis
and reporting on the changes in the savings for both packages and individual measures
within packages. Updates to these reports are a part of the approval process for any
subsequent improvements to the calculations.
The credentialed savings method of the standardized simulation is subject to change

management similar to other custom measures. Changes to the calculation methods will
be evaluated and submitted for approval to DPS before being deployed to the centralized
server. The cloud-based, centralized server implementation of the standardized
simulation reduces the cost of deploying changes to the calculation method when
compared to calculations distributed across many different users.
Changes could include upgrades to the EnergyPlus and OpenStudio software, adding new
ECMs to the packages, changes to the HPRXML to HPXML transform based on program
experience and evaluation results.
The variables used in the calculation are described in Supplemental Documentation

Custom Measure Category 6: Residential Heat Pump Plus Weatherization Retrofit
Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter B: Detailed Description for
Transforming Standardized Program Data (HPRXML) into HPXML. Chapter B contains
the details for transforming the program data input file (HPRXML) into the HPXML data
standard that is read by the NREL OpenStudio to EnergyPlus measure. Supplemental
Documentation Custom Measure Category 6: Residential Heat Pump Plus
Weatherization Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapters A: Third
Party Validation for the Open-Source Tools (EnergyPlus and OpenStudio), contains
documentation on the testing that these tools undergo.

Custom Measures
Data collection is from contractors and can include remote data collection. The dynamic
nature of the data collection increases the complexity of data collection table below. In
practice users will not fill out the entire data table, just the sections dictated by their
choice of improvement types. The nature of these choices is more fully documented in
the sets of data tables A through J. The tables map contractor data collection for either
(Cape Cod) or (Colonial / Ranch Homes) to subsequent Tables A through J, based on the
type of Attic Improvement and type of Foundation improvement. Homes with Slab-on-
Grade foundations need only collect the “Common” data and Attic Improvement data.
Table Data Collection for Cape Cod Homes

Common Attic Foundation
Existing Attic Type Existing Foundation Type
Project Improvement Improvement
→ →
Data Data Data
Improved Attic Type Improved Foundation Type
Collection Collection Collection
Vented Warm Unconditioned Basement
→ →
Vented Cold Unconditioned Basement
→ → Table B
Vented Conditioned Basement
→ →
Table A Table D
Vented Vented Crawlspace
→ →
→ → Table C
Vented Unvented Crawlspace
→ →
Vented → Unvented Warm Unconditioned Basement
OR →
Unvented → Unvented Warm Unconditioned Basement
Vented → Unvented Cold Unconditioned Basement
OR → Table B
Unvented → Unvented Cold Unconditioned Basement
Vented → Unvented Conditioned Basement
OR →
Unvented → Unvented Conditioned Basement
Table A Table E
Vented → Unvented Vented Crawlspace
OR →
Unvented → Unvented Vented Crawlspace
OR → Table C
Unvented → Unvented Unvented Crawlspace
Vented → Unvented Unvented Crawlspace
OR →

Custom Measures
Table Data Collection for Colonial or Ranch Homes

Existing Attic Type Existing Foundation Type Common Attic Foundation
→ → Project Data Improvement Improvement
Improved Attic Type Improved Foundation Type Collection Data Collection Data Collection
→ →
→ → Table B
→ →
Table A Table D
→ →
→ → Table C
→ →
Vented → Unvented Warm Unconditioned Basement
OR →
Unvented → Unvented Warm Unconditioned Basement
Vented → Unvented Cold Unconditioned Basement
OR → Table B
Unvented → Unvented Cold Unconditioned Basement
Vented → Unvented Conditioned Basement
OR →
Unvented → Unvented Conditioned Basement
Table A Table E
OR →
Unvented → Unvented Vented Crawlspace
OR → Table C
Vented → Unvented Unvented Crawlspace
OR →
Conditioned Warm Unconditioned Basement
→ →
Conditioned Warm Unconditioned Basement
Conditioned Cold Unconditioned Basement Table BError! R
→ → eference source
Conditioned Cold Unconditioned Basement not found.
Conditioned Conditioned Basement
→ → Table A Table F
Conditioned Conditioned Basement
Conditioned Vented Crawlspace
→ →
Table C
→ →
Conditioned Unvented Crawlspace

Custom Measures

→ →
Table A: Data Collection Common for ALL Projects

Table A describes the entire set of possible (64) common data elements collected, for all
basement improvement or foundation improvement scenarios.
The actual number of common data points needed will depend on which package is
selected for analysis. For example, if only Package 1 savings will be analyzed, only (42)
common data points will be needed. If Package 2 savings will be analyzed, an additional
(13) data points will be collected. If Package 3 savings will be analyzed, an additional (9)
common data points will be collected.
Table A: Data Collection Common for ALL Projects

Input Type Variable Name (HPRXML) Description Values Notes
Assessment zip Zip limited to 5 digits 5 digit Zip Code
County name
Assessment county County String
2010
2000
1990
1980 Selection
1970 represents the
Assessment year_built Year Built 1960 beginning of the
1950 decade in which
1940 the home was
1930 built
1920
1910
Assessment number_bedrooms Number of Bedrooms Integer
Number of Floors
Assessment num_floor_above_grade Integer Between 1 and 3
Above Grade
Floor To Ceiling Between 6 and

Assessment floor_to_ceiling_height Integer
Height 12
Cond Floor Area

Assessment cond_floor_area_above_grade Integer
Above Grade

Custom Measures
Conditioned and
Floor Area Below
Assessment floor_area_below_grade Integer Unconditioned
Grade
floor area
slab on
grade
warm unconditioned
basement
cold unconditioned
Assessment foundation_type Foundation Type basement
vented crawlspace
unvented
crawlspace
conditioned
basement
vented attic
unvented
Assessment attic_type attic
Attic Type conditioned attic
none
true Attached garage

Assessment attached_garage Attached Garage
false present?
north
Orientation Front of south
Assessment orientation_front_of_home
Home east
west
Colonial
Select the type
Assessment building_type Building Type Cape Cod
of the home
Ranch
cond boiler
baseboard
boiler baseboard
boiler radiator
Select the type
Primary Heating elec baseboard
Assessment type of the primary
System central furnace
heating system
wall furnace
heat pump
gchp
mini split
Primary Heating 2010 Select the decade

Assessment install_year
System Age 2000 in which the
1990 primary heating

Custom Measures
1980 system was

1970 installed
Select the fuel

electric
for the primary
natural gas
Assessment heating_fuel Primary Heating Fuel heating system
lpg
Select the type
fuel oil
of the home
heat
pump
central furnace Select the type
Assessment type Primary Cooling Type gchp of the primary
mini split cooling system
room
none
2010 Select the decade

2000 in which the
Primary Cooling
Assessment install_year 1990 primary cooling
System Age
1980 system was
1970 installed
attic
Location where
living
most of the
Distribution System space
Assessment predominant_location distribution
Predominant Location basement
systems is
crawlspace
located
not applicable
Full
Air Distribution
Distribution System Partial
Assessment insulation_state System
Insulation State None
Insulation level
N/A
Extremely sealed
Notably sealed
Distribution System Air Distribution
Assessment estimated_leakage Average sealed
Estimated Leakage Leakage level
Partially sealed
N/A
None Are most of the

Nightly and thermostats set
Assessment thermostat_control_type Thermostat Schedule
Weekday up on a
Nightly Only schedule?
Select the decade

Assessment fuel_primary Hot Water Fuel electric
in which the
natural gas
primary heating

Custom Measures
lpg system was

fuel oil installed
storage or
Type of existing hot boiler
Assessment type
water system tankless
hpwh
storage or boiler
Age of existing hot
Assessment install_year tankless
water system
hpwh
Hot Water System conditioned space

Assessment location
Location unconditioned space
Characterization
Single-pane of Windows not
nonenergystar_window_glazi Non-EnergyStar Single-pane plus meeting
Assessment
ng Window Glazing Type storm EnergyStar
Double-pane Criteria and not
being replaced
Single-pane
Characterization
preimproved_window_glazin Pre-Improved Window Single-pane plus
Assessment of Windows
g Glazing Type storm
being replaced
Double-pane
Non-EnergyStar
Frame area plus
Assessment full_assembly_area Window area facing Integer
glazing area
front
Non-EnergyStar Integer Frame area plus

Assessment full_assembly_area Window area facing glazing area
back

left

right
Pre-Improved Window Integer Frame area plus

Assessment full_assembly_area
area facing front glazing area

Custom Measures

area facing back glazing area

area facing left glazing area

area facing right glazing area
2x4 Depth of wall

Assessment stud_size Stud size
2x6 stud cavity
Blower door test

Assessment blower_door Blower Door test in Integer before
improvement
Load Reduction
Use-case for generating Saving
Assessment package_run_type
savings Load Reduction
Plus System
Estimate savings
Improvement true
use_package_1_info for package 1
Package 1 false
improvements
Rim Joist Insulation None

Improvement
rim_joist_insulation Condition Partial
Package 1
Full
Blower door test

Improvement
blower_door Blower Door test out Integer after
Package 1
improvement
Estimate savings
Improvement true
Package 2 false
improvements
Blower door test

Improvement
Package 2
improvement
Total exterior
Exterior above grade
Improvement above grade wall
net_area wall area that will be Integer
Package 2 area less any
insulated
penetrations

Custom Measures
Total exterior
Exterior above grade
Improvement above grade wall
net_area wall area that meets Integer
Package 2 area less any
program requirements
penetrations
Exterior above grade Total exterior

Improvement wall area that does not above grade wall
net_area Integer
Package 2 meet program area less any
requirements penetrations
Do attic
improvements
Improvement attic_thermal_boundary_chan Attic thermal boundary true
change the
Package 2 ge change false
thermal
boundary?
The existing attic

Improvement location_of_existing_attic_ins existing attic thermal attic_ceiling
thermal
Package 2 ulation boundary attic_walls
boundary
The new attic

Improvement location_of_improved_attic_i new attic thermal foundation_ceiling
thermal
Package 2 nsulation boundary foundation_walls
boundary
Do Foundation
Improvements
Improvement foundation_thermal_boundary Foundation thermal true
change the
Package 2 _change boundary change false
thermal
boundary?
The existing
Improvement location_of_existing_foundati The existing foundation foundation_ceiling foundation
Package 2 on_insulation thermal boundary foundation_walls thermal
boundary
The new
Improvement location_of_improved_founda The new foundation foundation_ceiling foundation
Package 2 tion_insulation thermal boundary foundation_walls thermal
boundary
Garage Wall /
Improvement Garage Wall / Ceiling
net_area Integer Ceiling Area to
Package 2 Area to be Improved
be Improved
Cantilever
Improvement Cantilever Surface
net_area Integer Surface Area to
Package 2 Area to be Improved
be Improved

Custom Measures
Estimate savings
Improvement true
Package 3 false
improvements
Blower door test

Improvement
Package 3
improvement
low_e
Improvement
storm_window_glass_type Type of storm window none
Package 3
clear
Improvement Right Facing Window

full_assembly_area Integer
Package 3 Area to be improved
Improvement Left Facing Window

Improvement Front Facing Window

Improvement Back Facing Window

Improvement Improved Window U-

shgc Double
Package 3 Value
Improvement Improved Window

u_value Double
Package 3 SHGC
Table B, Table C, Table D, Table E, Table F describe the additional data needed for
specific Attic Improvement and Foundation improvement scenarios.
Table B: Data Collection for All Basement Improvements

Existing Condition: “Warm” Unconditioned Basement Improved Condition: “Warm” Unconditioned Basement
Input Type Variable Name SystemIdentifiers Description Value Notes
surface_type = Enter the net area of
FoundationCeiling surfaces between the
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer
performance_state = foundation and living
Total space.
Improvement BasementWall Basement Wall
net_area Net Area Integer
Package 2 performance_state = surfaces to be
Improved insulated.
surface_type =
Enter the net area of
Improvement BasementWall
net_area Net Area Integer Basement Wall
Package 2 performance_state =
surfaces already
MeetsRequirements

Custom Measures
meeting compliance
efficiency levels
surface_type =
Basement Wall
Improvement BasementWall
net_area Net Area Integer surfaces that will not
meet compliance
WillNotMeetRequirements
efficiency levels
Enter the efficiency
surface_type =
level of Basement
Improvement BasementWall Assembly
assembly_rvalue Double Wall surfaces that will
Package 2 performance_state = R-Value
not meet compliance
efficiency levels
Existing Condition: “Cold” Unconditioned Basement Improved Condition: “Cold” Unconditioned Basement
OR
Existing Condition: Conditioned Basement Improved Condition: Conditioned Basement
surface_type =
BasementWall
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer Basement Wall
performance_state =
surfaces.
Total
Improvement FoundationCeiling Foundation Ceiling
Improved insulated.
surface_type =
Foundation Ceiling
Improvement FoundationCeiling
net_area Net Area Integer surfaces already
meeting compliance
MeetsRequirements
efficiency levels
surface_type =
Foundation Ceiling
Improvement FoundationCeiling
meet compliance
efficiency levels
surface_type = level of Foundation
Improvement FoundationCeiling Assembly Ceiling surfaces that
assembly_rvalue Double
Package 2 performance_state = R-Value will not meet
WillNotMeetRequirements compliance efficiency
levels
Table C: Data Collection for All Crawlspace Improvements

Existing Condition: Vented Crawlspace Improved Condition: Vented Crawlspace
surface_type =
Enter the net area
CrawlspaceWall
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer of Crawlspace
performance_state =
Wall surfaces.
Total
surface_type = Enter the net area
Improvement FoundationCeiling of Foundation
Package 2 performance_state = Ceiling surfaces to
Improved be insulated.
Improvement FoundationCeiling of Foundation
Package 2 performance_state = Ceiling surfaces
MeetsRequirements already meeting

Custom Measures
compliance
efficiency levels
Enter the net area
surface_type = of Foundation
Improvement FoundationCeiling Ceiling surfaces
Package 2 performance_state = that will not meet
WillNotMeetRequirements compliance
efficiency levels
Enter the
efficiency level of
surface_type =
Foundation Ceiling
Improvement FoundationCeiling Assembly
assembly_rvalue Double surfaces that will
not meet
compliance
efficiency levels
Existing Condition: (Unvented Crawlspace or Vented Crawlspace) Improved Condition: Unvented Crawlspace
surface_type =
Enter the net area
FoundationCeiling
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer of Foundation
performance_state =
Ceiling surfaces.
Total
Enter the net area
surface_type =
Improvement of Crawlspace
net_area CrawlspaceWall Net Area Integer
Package 2 Wall surfaces to be
performance_state = Improved
insulated.
Enter the net area
surface_type = of Crawlspace
Improvement CrawlspaceWall Wall surfaces
Package 2 performance_state = already meeting
MeetsRequirements compliance
efficiency levels
Enter the net area
surface_type = of Crawlspace
Improvement CrawlspaceWall Wall surfaces that
Package 2 performance_state = will not meet
efficiency levels
Enter the
efficiency level of
surface_type =
Crawlspace Wall
Improvement CrawlspaceWall Assembly
not meet
compliance
efficiency levels
Table D: Data Collection for a Vented Attic remaining a Vented Attic

Building Type = Colonial or Ranch
Existing Condition: Vented Attic Improved Condition: Vented Attic
surface_type =
Enter the net area
AtticGableWall
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer of Attic Gable
performance_state =
Wall surfaces.
Total
Assessment net_area AtticRoofDeck Net Area Integer of Attic Roof
performance_state = Deck surfaces.

Custom Measures
Total
Improvement PrimaryAtticFloor of Attic Floor
Improved insulated.
Enter the
surface_type = efficiency level of
Improvement PrimaryAtticFloor Assembly Primary Attic
Package 1 performance_state = R-Value Floor surfaces
Improved that will be
improved
Improvement SecondaryAtticFloor of Attic Floor
Improved insulated.
Enter the
surface_type = efficiency level of
Improvement SecondaryAtticFloor Assembly Secondary Attic
Package 1 performance_state = R-Value Floor surfaces
Improved that will be
improved
Enter the net area
surface_type = of Attic Floor
Improvement AtticFloor surfaces already
Package 1 performance_state = meeting
efficiency levels
Enter the net area
Improvement AtticFloor surfaces that will
Package 1 performance_state = not meet
efficiency levels
Enter the
efficiency level of
surface_type =
Attic Floor
Improvement AtticFloor Assembly
not meet
compliance
efficiency levels
Building Type = Cape Cod
Existing Condition: Vented Attic Improved Condition: Vented Attic
surface_type =
Enter the net area
AtticGableWalls
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer of Attic Gable
performance_state =
Wall surfaces.
Total
surface_type =
Enter the net area
AtticRoofDeck
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer of Attic Roof
performance_state =
Deck surfaces.
Total
Improvement PrimaryAtticFloor of Attic Floor
Improved insulated.

Custom Measures

Improvement SecondaryAtticFloor of Attic Floor
Improved insulated.
Enter the net area
Improvement AtticFloor surfaces already
efficiency levels
Enter the net area
Improvement AtticFloor surfaces that will
efficiency levels
Enter the
efficiency level of
surface_type =
Attic Floor
Improvement AtticFloor Assembly
not meet
compliance
efficiency levels
Improvement KneeWalls of Knee Wall
Improved insulated.
Enter the net area
surface_type = of Knee Wall
Improvement KneeWalls surfaces already
efficiency levels
Enter the net area
surface_type = of Knee Wall
Improvement KneeWalls surfaces that will
efficiency levels
Enter the
efficiency level of
surface_type =
Knee Wall
Improvement KneeWalls Assembly
not meet
compliance
efficiency levels
Improvement SlopeCeiling of Slope Ceiling
Improved insulated.
Improvement SlopeCeiling of Slope Ceiling
Package 1 performance_state = surfaces already
MeetsRequirements meeting

Custom Measures
compliance
efficiency levels
Enter the net area
surface_type = of Slope Ceiling
Improvement SlopeCeiling surfaces that will
efficiency levels
Enter the
efficiency level of
surface_type =
Slope Ceiling
Improvement SlopeCeiling Assembly
not meet
compliance
efficiency levels
Table E: Data Collection for an Unvented Attic remaining an Unvented Attic

OR
A Vented Attic becoming an Unvented Attic
Existing Condition: (Vented Attic OR Unvented Attic) Improved Condition: Unvented Attic
surface_type =
AtticFloor Enter the net area of
Assessment net_area Net Area Integer
performance_state = Attic Floor surfaces.
Total
Improvement AtticGableWalls Attic Gable Wall
Improved insulated.
surface_type =
Attic Gable Wall
Improvement AtticGableWalls
meeting compliance
MeetsRequirements
efficiency levels
surface_type =
Attic Gable Wall
Improvement AtticGableWalls
meet compliance
efficiency levels
surface_type = level of Attic Gable
Improvement AtticGableWalls Assembly Wall surfaces that
efficiency levels
Improvement AtticRoofDeck Attic Roof Deck
Improved insulated.
surface_type =
Attic Roof Deck
Improvement AtticRoofDeck
meeting compliance
MeetsRequirements
efficiency levels

Custom Measures

surface_type =
Attic Roof Deck
meet compliance
efficiency levels
surface_type = level of Attic Roof
Improvement AtticRoofDeck Assembly Deck surfaces that
efficiency levels
Building Type = Cape Cod
Existing Condition: (Vented Attic OR Unvented Attic) Improved Condition: Unvented Attic
surface_type = KneeWall
Assessment net_area performance_state = Net Area Integer
Knee Wall surfaces.
Total
surface_type = AtticFloor
Assessment net_area performance_state = Net Area Integer
Attic Floor surfaces.
Total
Improved insulated.
surface_type = Attic Roof Deck
Improvement AtticRoofDeck Wall surfaces
Package 1 performance_state = already meeting
efficiency levels
surface_type =
Attic Roof Deck
meet compliance
efficiency levels
efficiency levels
Improvement AtticGableWall Attic Gable Wall
Improved insulated.
surface_type =
Attic Gable Wall
Improvement AtticGableWall
meeting compliance
MeetsRequirements
efficiency levels
surface_type =
Attic Gable Wall
Improvement AtticGableWall
meet compliance
efficiency levels

Custom Measures

surface_type = level of Attic Gable
Improvement AtticGableWall Assembly Wall surfaces that
efficiency levels
Improvement SlopeCeiling Slope Ceiling
Improved insulated.
surface_type =
Slope Ceiling
Improvement SlopeCeiling
meeting compliance
MeetsRequirements
efficiency levels
surface_type =
Slope Ceiling
Improvement SlopeCeiling
meet compliance
efficiency levels
surface_type = level of Slope
Improvement SlopeCeiling Assembly Ceiling surfaces that
efficiency levels
Table F: Data Collection for a Conditioned Attic remaining a Conditioned Attic

Existing Condition: Conditioned Attic Improved Condition: Conditioned Attic
Improved insulated.
surface_type =
Attic Roof Deck
meeting compliance
MeetsRequirements
efficiency levels
surface_type =
Attic Roof Deck
meet compliance
efficiency levels
efficiency levels
Table G describes the data collection needed to evaluate an optional HPWH

improvement.

Custom Measures
Table G: Data Collection for a HPWH Improvement 1

Input Type Variable Name Description Value Notes
Provided by HPWH
Improvement Package 1 uniform_energy_factor HPWH UEF Double
manufacturer
Improvement Package 2
HPWH Tank Provided by HPWH
Improvement Package 3 tank_volume Double
Volume manufacturer
ccASHPs listed in the NEEP ccASHP Product Performance database are optional
improvements. Table H describes the data collection needed to evaluate the (whole
house) ccASHP backup system and Table I describes ccASHP system improvements.
“Whole House” ccASHP backup system information is entered once, while specific
ccASHP information may be entered for more than one ccASHP system.
Table H: Data Collection for a ccASHP Backup System

1c
The NY TRM ccASHP
1d
measure scenario that
trm_scenario 2h
best matches the
3c
application.
4d
none
-5
If a dual-fuel system, the
0
outside temperature which
5
heating_switchover_temp switches the ccASHP off Units in °F
10
and turns on the backup
15
system
20
Improvement 25
Package 1
should a ccASHP backup true
system_available
system be modeled? false
Improvement
ccASHP backup system
Package 2
input_heating_capacity input capacity double Units in Btu
(whole-house)
Improvement
none
Package 3
Primary fuel source used electric
fuel by ccASHP backup natural_gas
system lpg
fuel_oil
Value
ccASHP backup system should be
seasonal_efficiency Double
seasonal efficiency between 0
and 1.
Value
ccASHP backup system should be
seasonal_efficiency Double
seasonal efficiency between 0
and 1.
Table I: Data Collection for ccASHP System(s)

Improvement Unique ccASHP
name String
Package 1 name

Custom Measures
ccASHP Rated
seer Double
Improvement SEER
Package 2 “Multizone All Non-ducted”
“Packaged Terminal Heat
Improvement Pump”
Package 3 “Singlezone Non-ducted,
Ceiling Placement”
“Singlezone Non-ducted,
Ducting Floor Placement”
Configuration as “Singlezone Non-ducted
ducting_configuration
tested for AHRI # Wall Placement”
listing “Multizone All Ducted”
“Singlezone Ducted,
‘Compact Ducted’"
“Singlezone Ducted,
Centrally Ducted”
“Multizone Mix of Non-
ducted and Ducted”
Minimum NEEP
min_clg_cap_95 Cooling Capacity Double
@ 95°F
Rated NEEP
rated_clg_cap_95 Cooling Capacity Double Available
@ 95°F in NEEP
Maximum NEEP ccASHP
max_clg_cap_95 Cooling Capacity Double product
@ 95°F listing
database
Minimum NEEP
based on
min_htg_cap_47 Heating Capacity Double
AHRI #
@ 47°F
Rated NEEP
rated_htg_cap_47 Heating Capacity Double
@ 47°F
Maximum NEEP
max_htg_cap_47 Heating Capacity Double
@ 47°F
Minimum NEEP
min_htg_cap_5 Heating Capacity Double
@ 5°F
Maximum NEEP
min_clg_cop_95 Cooling COP @ Double
95°F
Minimum NEEP
max_clg_cop_95 Cooling COP @ Double
95°F
Minimum NEEP
min_htg_cop_47 Heating COP @ Double
47°F
Minimum NEEP
min_htg_cop_5 Heating COP @ Double
5°F
Each ccASHP system is assigned a proportion of the conditioned floor area. In addition,
cooling and heating ‘load allocation adjustments’ can be used to weight the amount
(proportion) of whole house heating or cooling load seen by each ccASHP system. Table

Custom Measures
J describes the data collection needed to describe the load allocation to a specific
ccASHP.
Table J: Data Collection for Load Allocations of ccASHP System(s)

CFA associated
conditioned_sqft_served with the ccASHP Double
system
Adjustment
Improvement Factor to account
htg_load_allocation_adjustment Double
Package 1 for non-uniform
heating conditions
Improvement Adjustment
Package 2 Factor to account
clg_load_allocation_adjustment Double
for non-uniform
Improvement cooling conditions
Package 3 attic
Predominant
living space
location of
predominant_location basement
ccASHP duct
crawlspace
systems
none
Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance measures are designed to increase the speed and reduce the cost of
review compared to typical custom measures. Supplemental Documentation Custom
Measure Category 6: Residential Heat Pump Plus Weatherization Retrofit Standard
Simulations for Measure Packages, Chapter D: Quality Assurance Methods for
Standardized Simulations contains a list of automated data checks measures that will be
administered to an HPRXML submitted by a program management tool. These checks
can also be implemented with the program management tool. Results of the automated
data checks can include triggering a manual review. The set of data checks can be
expanded and statistics for identifying outliers can be established. Appropriate
programmatic quality control measures are still required.
References
1. New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy Savings from Energy
Efficiency Programs – Residential, Multi-Family, and Commercial/Industrial
Measures Supplemental Documentation Custom Measure Category 5: Residential
Retrofit Standard Simulations for Measure.
Available from: Pending publication on DMM
2. Dillion et. al., Standard for the Calculation and Labeling of the Energy
Performance of Low-Rise Residential Buildings using an Energy Rating Index
(January 2016).
3. ECCCNYS 2020, Section R503 Building Thermal Envelope.
4. Gagliano et al., NYSERDA Home Performance with Energy Star Realization Rate
Attribution Study (Ithaca, NY: 2015).

Custom Measures
5. Roberts et al., Assessment of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Home Energy

Scoring Tool, (Golden, Colorado: July 2012).
6. https://github.com/NREL/OpenStudio-HPXML
7. https://openstudio-hpxml.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
8. https://neep.org/heating-electrification/ccashp-specification-product-list
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
7-21-24 8/30/2021
6-22-19 12/30/2022

Appendix A: Prototypical Building Descriptions
APPENDIX A
BUILDING TYPES
The sections that follow provides savings data by building type. A description and additional
details of each building type is shown in the table below and the sections that follow.
Note: the building type classifications are defined primarily by activity, HVAC system type, and
number of floors since the deemed parameters in the TRM are generally normalized to
equipment or measure size.
Building Type Description

Public buildings that include community centers, libraries, performance and movie
theaters, auditoria, police and fire stations, gymnasia, sports arenas, and
Assembly transportation terminals
Auto Repair shops and auto dealerships, including parking lots and parking structures.
Single story, high-bay retail stores with ceiling heights of 25 feet or more. Majority
of floor space is dedicated to non-food items, but could include refrigerated and
Big Box non-refrigerated food sales areas.
Community college campus and post-secondary technical and vocational education
buildings, including classroom, computer labs, dining and office. Conditioned by
Community College packaged HVAC systems
Dormitory College or University dormitories
Fast Food Self-service restaurants with primarily disposable plates, utensils etc.
Full Service Full service restaurants with full dishwashing facilities
Restaurant
Refrigerated and non-refrigerated food sales, including convenience stores and
Grocery specialty food sales
Single or multistory buildings containing industrial processes including pump
stations, water and wastewater treatment plants; may be conditioned or
Heavy Industrial unconditioned.
Inpatient and outpatient care facility conditioned by built-up HVAC systems.
Hospital Excludes medical offices
Multifunction lodging facility with guest rooms, meeting space, foodservice
Hotel conditioned by built-up HVAC system
Industrial Refrigerated warehouses and food processing facilities maintained at space
Refrigeration temperatures of 55 oF or less.
Office space in buildings greater than 3 stories conditioned by built-up HVAC
Large Office system.
Single story work space with heating and air-conditioning; conditioned by packaged
Light Industrial HVAC systems
Multi-family building with more than 3 stories conditioned by built up HVAC
Multi-family high-rise system
Multi-family low-rise Multi-family building with 3 stories or less conditioned by packaged HVAC system
Lodging facilities with primarily guest room space served by packaged HVAC
Motel systems
Multi Story Retail Retail building with 2 or more stories served by built-up HVAC system
Primary School K-8 school
Religious Religious worship
Secondary School 9-12 school

Building Type Description

Single-family Single-family detached residences
residential
Office occupancy in buildings 3 stories or less served by packaged HVAC systems;
Small Office includes Medical offices
Single story retail with ceiling height of less than 25 feet; primarily non-food retail
and storage areas served by packaged HVAC systems. Includes service businesses,
Small Retail post offices, Laundromats, and exercise facilities.
University campus buildings, including classroom, computer labs, biological and/or
chemical labs, workshop space, dining and office. Conditioned by built-up HVAC
University systems
Primarily non-refrigerated storage space could include attached offices served by
Warehouse packaged HVAC system.
Note: for commercial buildings that cannot be reasonably associated with one the building types above,
savings values for the “other” category should be used.
PROTOTYPICAL BUILDING DESCRIPTIONS

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROTOTYPES
Analysis used to develop parameters for the energy and demand savings calculations are based
on DOE-2.2 simulations of a set of prototypical residential buildings. The prototypical
simulation models were derived from the residential building prototypes used in the California
Database for Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER)1629 study, with adjustments made for local
building practices and climate. Three separate models were created to represent general vintages
of buildings:
• Old, poorly insulated buildings constructed before 1979, before the NY State Energy
Code went into effect. This vintage is referred to as the “old” vintage.
• Existing, average insulated buildings conforming to 1980s era building codes. This
vintage is referred to as the “average” vintage, covering buildings constructed from 1979
to 2006.
• New construction conforming to the 2007 Energy Conservation Construction Code of
New York State (ECCCNYS) for residential buildings. This vintage is referred to as the
“new” vintage, and covers buildings constructed from 2007 to present.
SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PROTOTYPE

The single-family “model” in fact contains four separate residential buildings: 2 one-story and 2
two-story buildings. Each version of the 1 story and 2 story buildings are identical except for the
orientation, which is shifted by 90 degrees. The selection of these four buildings is designed to
give a reasonable average response of buildings of different design and orientation to the impact
of energy efficiency measures. A sketch of the single-family residential prototype buildings is
shown below.
1629
2004-2005 Database for Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER) Update Study, Final Report, Itron, Inc.
Vancouver, WA. December 2005.
https://www.calmac.org/publications/2004-05_DEER_Update_Final_Report-Wo.pdf

The general characteristics of the single-family residential building prototype model are
summarized below.
SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROTOTYPE DESCRIPTION

Characteristic Value
Vintage Three vintages simulated – old poorly insulated buildings,
existing average insulated buildings and new buildings
Conditioned floor area 1 story house: 1465 SF (not including basement)
2 story house: 2930 SF (not including basement)
Wall construction and R-value Wood frame with siding, R-value varies by vintage
Roof construction and R-value Wood frame with asphalt shingles, R-value varies by vintage
Glazing type Single and double pane; properties vary by vintage
Lighting and appliance power 0.51 W/SF average
density
HVAC system type Packaged single zone AC or heat pump
HVAC system size Based on peak load with 20% over-sizing.
HVAC system efficiency Baseline SEER = 13
Thermostat set points Heating: 70F with setback to 67F
Cooling: 75F with setup to 78F
Duct location Buildings without basement: attic
Buildings with basement: basement
Duct surface area Single story house: 390 SF supply, 72 SF return
Two story house: 505 SF supply, 290 SF return
Duct insulation Uninsulated
Duct leakage 20% of fan flow total leakage evenly split between supply and
return.
Natural ventilation Allowed during cooling season when cooling set point
exceeded and outdoor temperature < 65F. 3 air changes per
hour

Wall, Floor and Ceiling Insulation Levels

The assumed values for wall and ceiling by vintage are shown below.
WALL INSULATION R-VALUE ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE
Assumed R-value of
Vintage Notes
insulated wall
Older, poorly insulated 4.8 No insulation in 2 by 4 wall; 3.5
in. air gap resistance only
Existing, average insulation 11 Fiberglass insulation in 2 by 4
wall per MEC 1980
New construction 19 Code
CEILING INSULATION R-VALUE ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE

Assumed R-value of
Vintage Notes
insulated ceiling
Older, poorly insulated 11 Minimal ceiling insulation
Existing, average insulation 19 Fiberglass insulation per MEC
1980
New construction 30 (NYC), 38 (all others) Code
Windows
The glazing U-value and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) assumptions for the three vintages
are shown below.
WINDOW PROPERTY ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE

U-value
Vintage (BTU/hr-F- SHGC Notes
SF)
Older, poorly insulated 0.93 0.87 Single pane clear
Existing, average insulation 0.87 0.77 Double pane clear
New construction Double low e
0.28 0.49
Infiltration
Infiltration rate assumptions were set by vintage as shown below.
INFILTRATION RATE ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE

Assumed
Vintage infiltration Notes
rate
Older, poorly insulated 1 ACH
Existing, average insulation 0.5 ACH
New construction 0.35 ACH Minimum without forced ventilation per
ASHRAE Standard 66.

MULTI-FAMILY LOW-RISE
The low-rise prototype “model” in fact contains 2 separate buildings. Each version of the
buildings is identical except for the orientation, which is shifted by 90 degrees. The selection of
these 2 buildings is designed to give a reasonable average response of buildings of different
design and orientation to the impact of energy efficiency measures.
Four separate models were created to represent general vintages of buildings:

• Built prior to 1940, uninsulated masonry buildings. This vintage is referred to as “Pre-
war uninsulated brick.”
• Built prior to 1979 when the NYS Energy Code (known as the Energy Conservation
Construction Code of New York State – ECCCNYS) went into effect, poorly insulated
wood-frame buildings This vintage is referred to as “Prior to 1979”
• Built from 1979 through 2006, with insulation conforming to 1980s era building codes
(1979 ECCCNYS.) This vintage is referred to as “From 1979 through 2006.”
• Built from 2007 through the present, new construction with insulation conforming to the
2007 ECCCNYS for residential buildings and the New York City Energy Conservative
Construction Code (if applicable.) This vintage is referred to as “From 2007 through the
present.”
Each building vintage was run with 7 different HVAC system types to capture the range of
HVAC systems common in low-rise multi-family buildings. A sketch of the low-rise prototype
buildings is shown below.
The general characteristics of the residential building prototype model are summarized below.
MULTI-FAMILY LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROTOTYPE DESCRIPTION

Vintage Four vintages simulated: Pre-war uninsulated brick; Prior to 1979
(wood frame); From 1979-2006; and From 2007 to present
Conditioned floor area 949 SF per unit; 6 units per floor, 2 floors per building, 11,388 SF
total.
Wall construction and R-value R-value and construction vary by vintage.
Roof construction and R-value Wood frame with asphalt shingles. R-value varies by vintage.
Glazing type Single or double pane. Properties vary by vintage.
Lighting and appliance power 0.87 W/SF average in bedrooms, 0.58 W/SF in living space.
density

HVAC system types 1. Split system AC with central gas heat
2. Split system AC with electric heat
3. Split system heat pump
4. PTAC with electric heat
5. PTHP
6. Electric heat only (no AC)
7. Central gas heat only (no AC)
8. Central steam (within the building) heat only (no AC)
HVAC system efficiency AC and heat pump: SEER = 13
PTAC and PTHP: EER = 7.7
Furnace / boiler: AFUE = 78%
Steam boiler: AFUE = 75%
Thermostat set points 1. Heating: 700F with setback to 670F(outside of NYC); 730F
with setback to 700F (NYC only)
2. Cooling: 75F with setup to 78F
Duct location (for systems with In attic and plenum space between first and second floors.
ducts) PTACs and PTHPs have no ductwork.
Duct surface area (for systems 256 SF supply, 47 SF return per system
with ducts)
Duct insulation (for systems with Uninsulated
ducts)
Duct leakage (for systems with 20% of fan flow total leakage, evenly split between supply and
ducts) return.
Natural ventilation Allowed during cooling season when cooling set point exceeded
and outdoor temperature < 65F. 3 air changes per hour
Wall and Ceiling Insulation Levels

The assumed values for wall and ceiling by vintage are below.
Assumed R-
value of
Vintage Notes
insulated
wall
Pre-war uninsulated brick 4 Three 4” brick layers. No insulation. 2” air gap
resistance only.
Prior to 1979 7 Wood frame with siding. No insulation in 2 by 4
wall; 3.5” air gap resistance only.
From 1979 through 2006 11 Wood frame with siding. Fiberglass insulation
in 2 by 4 wall per MEC 1980.
From 2007 through the present 19 Code.

CEILING INSULATION R-VALUE ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE

Assumed R-
value of
Vintage Notes
insulated
ceiling
Pre-war uninsulated brick 2 No ceiling insulation
Prior to 1979 11 Minimal ceiling insulation
From 1979 through 2006 19 Fiberglass insulation per MEC 1980
From 2007 through the present 38 NYS Code for climate zones 4 & 5
49 NYS Code for climate zone 6
THERMOSTATIC HEATING SET POINT ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE

Set point
Vintage and setback Notes
(°F)
Pre-war uninsulated brick 73, 70 NYC
70, 67 All others
Prior to 1979 70, 67
From 1979 through 2006 70, 67
From 2007 through the present 70, 67
Windows
The glazing U-value and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) assumptions for the four vintages
are shown below.

U-value
Vintage SHGC Notes
(BTU/hr-oF-SF)
Pre-war uninsulated brick 0.93 0.87 Single pane clear
Prior to 1979 0.93 0.87 Single pane clear
From 1979 through 2006 0.68 0.77 Double pane clear
From 2007 through the present 0.28 0.49 Double low e per code
Infiltration

Vintage Assumed infiltration rate Notes
Pre-war uninsulated brick 1 ACH
Prior to 1979 1 ACH
From 1979 through 2006 0.5 ACH
From 2007 through the present 0.35 ACH Minimum without forced
ventilation per ASHRAE
Standard 66.

MULTI-FAMILY HIGH-RISE
The multi-family high-rise model was developed using the conceptual design “wizard” in
eQUEST program, rather than a DEER prototype. A computer-generated sketch of the multi-
family high-rise prototype is shown in the figure below.
Note: The middle floors, since they thermally equivalent, are simulated as a single floor, and the
results are multiplied by 8 to represent the energy consumption of the 8 middle floors. The
general characteristics of the multi-family high-rise building prototype model are summarized
below.
MULTI-FAMILY HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROTOTYPE DESCRIPTION
Vintage Four vintages simulated: Pre-war uninsulated brick; Prior to
1979 (wood frame); From 1979-2006; and From 2007 to
present
Conditioned floor area 810 SF per unit; 10 units per floor, 10 floors per building;
81,000 SF total living space.
Corridors and common space: 18,255 SF;
Laundry rooms: 6,845 SF
Storage: 7,985 SF
Total: 114,085 SF
Wall construction and R-value Masonry wall with brick exterior, R-value varies by vintage
Roof construction and R-value Wood frame with built-up roofing, R-value varies by vintage
Glazing type Single or double pane; properties vary by vintage
Lighting and appliance power 0.7 W/SF average
density
HVAC system type 1. Four pipe fan coil with air cooled electric chiller and gas hot
water boiler
2. Central building steam
HVAC system efficiency Chiller: COP = 3.9
Hot water boiler: Thermal efficiency = 78%
Steam boiler: thermal efficiency = 75%
Thermostat set points 1. Heating: 700F with setback to 670F(outside of NYC); 730F
with setback to 700F (NYC only)
2. Cooling: 75F with setup to 78F

Wall, Floor Insulation Levels

The assumed values for wall and ceiling by vintage are shown below.

Assumed R-
value of
Vintage Notes
insulated
wall
Pre-war uninsulated brick 4 Same as low-rise
Prior to 1979 7 No insulation; air gap resistance only
From 1979 through 2006 11 Same as low-rise
From 2007 through the present 19 Code
ROOF INSULATION R-VALUE ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE

Assumed R-
value of
Vintage Notes
insulated
ceiling
Prior to 1979 11 Same as low-rise
From 2007 through the present 38 Code for climate zone 4 & 5
49 Code for climate zone 6
THERMOSTATIC HEATING SET POINT ASSUMPTIONS BY VINTAGE

Assumed R-
value of
Vintage Notes
insulated
ceiling
Prior to 1979 11 Same as low-rise
From 2007 through the present 38 Code for climate zone 4 & 5
49 Code for climate zone 6
Windows
The glazing U-value and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) assumptions for the four vintages
are shown below.

U-value
Vintage (BTU/hr-F- SHGC Notes
SF)
Pre-war uninsulated brick 0.93 0.87 Single pane clear
Prior to 1979 0.93 0.87 Single pane clear
From 1979 through 2006 0.68 0.77 Double pane clear
From 2007 through the present 0.28 0.49 Double low E per code

Infiltration

Assumed
Vintage infiltration Notes
rate
Pre-war uninsulated brick 1 ACH
Prior to 1979 1 ACH Same as low-rise
From 1979 through 2006 0.5 ACH Same as low-rise
From 2007 through the present 0.35 ACH Minimum without forced ventilation per
ASHRAE Standard 66.

COMMERCIAL BUILDING PROTOTYPES

Analysis used to develop parameters for the energy and demand savings calculations is based on
DOE-2.2 simulations of a set of prototypical small and large buildings. The prototypical
simulation models were derived from the commercial building prototypes used in the California
building practices and climate.
The primary distinction between small and large buildings is the HVAC system type rather than
a specific conditioned floor area criterion. Small buildings in this study utilize packaged rooftop
HVAC systems or packaged terminal air conditioners (PTAC). Large buildings use built-up
HVAC systems with chillers and boilers.
Note: for purposes of applying the building type specific results to buildings not included in the
prototype list, use the “other” category within each applicable measure savings section.
Assembly
A prototypical building energy simulation model for an assembly building was developed using
the DOE-2.2 building energy simulation program. The simulations were driven using TMY3
long-term average weather data. The characteristics of the prototype are summarized below.
ASSEMBLY PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION
Vintage Existing (1970s) vintage
Size 34,000 square feet
Auditorium: 33,240 SF
Office: 760 SF
Number of floors 1
Wall construction and R-value Concrete block, R-5
Roof construction and R-value Wood frame with built-up roof, R-12
Glazing type Single pane clear
Lighting power density Auditorium: 3.4 W/SF
Office: 2.2 W/SF
Plug load density Auditorium: 1.2 W/SF
Office: 1.7 W/SF
Operating hours Mon-Sun: 8am – 9pm
HVAC system type Packaged single zone, no economizer
HVAC system size 100 - 110 SF/ton depending on climate
Thermostat set points Occupied hours: 76 cooling, 72 heating
Unoccupied hours: 79 cooling, 69 heating
1630

A computer-generated sketch of the Assembly Building prototype is shown below.
Auto Repair
A prototypical building energy simulation model for an auto repair building was developed using
AUTO REPAIR PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Size 5150 square feet
Number of floors 1
Wall construction and R-value Concrete block, R-7.5
Roof construction and R-value Wood frame with built-up roof, R-13,5
Glazing type Double pane clear; SHGC = ,74
U-value = 0,72
Lighting power density 2.2 W/SF
Plug load density 1.2 W/SF
HVAC system size 280 SF/ton
A computer-generated sketch of the Auto Repair Building prototype is shown below.

Big Box Retail

A prototypical building energy simulation model for a big box retail building was developed
using the DOE-2.2 building energy simulation program. The simulations were driven using
TMY3 long-term average weather data. The characteristics of the prototype are summarized
below.
BIG BOX RETAIL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Sales: 107,339 SF
Storage: 11,870 SF
Office: 4,683 SF
Auto repair: 5,151 SF
Kitchen: 1,459 SF
Number of floors 1
Wall construction and R-value Concrete block with insulation, R-5
Roof construction and R-value Metal frame with built-up roof, R-12
Lighting power density Sales: 3.36 W/SF
Storage: 0.88 W/SF
Office: 2.2 W/SF
Auto repair: 2.15 W/SF
Kitchen: 4.3 W/SF
Plug load density Sales: 1.15 W/SF
Storage: 0.23 W/SF
Office: 1.73 W/SF
Auto repair: 1.15 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.23 W/SF
A computer-generated sketch of the Big Box Building prototype is shown below.

Community College
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a community college was developed using
long-term average weather data. The model is really two identical buildings oriented 90 degrees
apart. The characteristics of the prototype are summarized below.
Community College Prototype Building Description

Size 2 buildings, 150,000 square feet each; oriented 90 from each
other
Classroom: 150,825 SF
Computer room: 9,625 SF
Dining area: 26,250 SF
Kitchen: 5,625 SF
Office: 70,175 SF
Total: 300,000 SF
Number of floors 3
Wall construction and R-value CMU with brick veneer, plus R-7.5
Roof construction and R-value Wood frame with built-up roof, R-13.5
Glazing type Double pane clear, SHGC = 0.73; U-value = 0,72
Lighting power density Classroom: 3.6 W/SF
Computer room: 3.6 W/SF
Dining area: 1.5 W/SF
Gymnasium: 1.8 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.6 W/SF
Plug load density Classroom: 1.1 W/SF
Gymnasium: 0.6 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.3 W/SF
Operating hours Mon-Fri: 8am – 7pm
Sat: 8am – 4pm
Sun: closed
HVAC system type Combination PSZ and built-up with screw chiller and hot water
boiler.
Chiller type Water cooled and air cooled
Chilled water system type Variable volume with 2 way control valves,
Chilled water system control Constant CHW Temp, 45 oF set point
Boiler type Hot water, 80% efficiency
Hot water system type Variable volume with 2 way control valves,
Hot water system control Constant HW Temp, 180 oF set point
Each set of measures was run using each of three different HVAC system configurations: a
constant volume reheat system without economizer, a constant volume reheat system with
economizer, and a VAV system with economizer. The constant volume reheat system without
economizer represents a system with the most heating and cooling operating hours, while the
VAV system with economizer represents a system with the least heating and cooling hours. This
presents a range of system loads and energy savings for each measure analyzed.

A computer-generated sketch of the Community College Building prototype is shown below.
Dormitory
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a university dormitory was developed using
the DOE-2.2 building energy simulation program. The dormitory building was extracted from
the DEER university prototype and modeled separately. The model consists of two identical
buildings oriented 90 degrees apart. The simulations were driven using TMY3 long-term
average weather data. The characteristics of the prototype are summarized below.
DORMITORY PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION
Number of floors 4
Wall construction and R-value CMU with R-7.5
Glazing type Double pane clear; SHGC = 0.73
U-value = 0.72
Lighting power density Rooms: 0.5 W/SF
Corridors and common space: 0.8
Plug load density Rooms: 0.6 W/SF
Corridors and common space: 0.2
Operating hours 24/7 - 365
HVAC system type Fan coils with centrifugal chiller and hot water boiler
Thermostat set points Daytime hours: 76 cooling, 72 heating
Night setback hours: 81 cooling, 67 heating
A computer-generated sketch of the Dormitory Building prototype is shown below.
results are multiplied by 2 to represent the energy consumption of the 2 middle floors.

Elementary School
A prototypical building energy simulation model for an elementary school was developed using
long-term average weather data. The model is really of two identical buildings oriented in two
different directions. The characteristics of the prototype are summarized below.
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Size 2 buildings, 25,000 square feet each; oriented 90 from each other
Cafeteria: 3,750 SF
Gymnasium: 3,750 SF
Kitchen: 1,750 SF
Number of floors 1
Wall construction and R-value Wood frame with brick veneer, R-5
Cafeteria: 1.7 W/SF
Gymnasium: 2.1 W/SF
Kitchen: 4.3 W/SF
Cafeteria: 0.6 W/SF
Gymnasium: 0.6 W/SF
Kitchen: 4.2 W/SF
Sun: 8am – 4pm
A computer-generated sketch of the Elementary School Building prototype is shown below.

Fast Food Restaurant

A prototypical building energy simulation model for a fast food restaurant was developed using
FAST FOOD RESTAURANT PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Size 2000 square feet
1,000 SF dining
600 SF entry/lobby
300 SF kitchen
100 SF restroom
Number of floors 1
Wall construction and R-value Concrete block with brick veneer, R-5
Roof construction and R-value Concrete deck with built-up roof, R-12
Lighting power density 1.7 W/SF dining
2.5 W/SF entry/lobby
4.3 W/SF kitchen
1.0 W/SF restroom
Plug load density 0.6 W/SF dining
0.6 W/SF entry/lobby
4.3 W/SF kitchen
0.2 W/SF restroom
HVAC system size 100 – 120 SF/ton depending on climate
A computer-generated sketch of the Fast Food Building prototype is shown below.

Full-Service Restaurant
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a full-service restaurant was developed
TMY3 long-term average weather data. The characteristics of the full service restaurant
prototype are summarized below.
FULL SERVICE RESTAURANT PROTOTYPE DESCRIPTION

Size 2000 square foot dining area
600 square foot entry/reception area
1200 square foot kitchen
200 square foot restrooms
Number of floors 1
Lighting power density Dining area: 1.7 W/SF
Entry area: 2.5 W/SF
Kitchen: 4.3 W/SF
Restrooms: 1.0 W/SF
Plug load density Dining area: 0.6 W/SF
Entry area: 0.6 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.1 W/SF
Restrooms: 0.2 W/SF
Operating hours 9am – 12am
A computer-generated sketch of the Full-Service Restaurant Building prototype is shown below.

Grocery
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a grocery building was developed using the
DOE-2.2R1631 building energy simulation program. The simulations were driven using TMY3
GROCERY PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Sales: 40,000 SF
Office and employee lounge: 3,500 SF
Dry storage: 2,860 SF
50 F prep area: 1,268 SF
35 F walk-in cooler: 1,560 SF
- 5 F walk-in freezer: 812 SF
Number of floors 1
Roof construction and R-value Metal frame with built-up roof, R-12
Lighting power density Sales: 3.36 W/SF
Office: 2.2 W/SF
Storage: 1.82 W/SF
50F prep area: 4.3 W/SF
35F walk-in cooler: 0.9 W/SF
- 5F walk-in freezer: 0.9 W/SF
Equipment power density Sales: 1.15 W/SF
Office: 1.73 W/SF
Storage: 0.23 W/SF
50F prep area: 0.23 W/SF + 36 kBTU/h process load
35F walk-in cooler: 0.23 W/SF + 17 kBTU/h process load
- 5F walk-in freezer: 0.23 W/SF+ 29 kBTU/h process load
Refrigeration system type Air cooled multiplex
Refrigeration system size Low temperature (-20F suction temp): 23 compressor ton
Medium temperature (18F suction temp): 45 compressor ton
Refrigeration condenser size Low temperature: 535 kBTU/h THR
Medium temperature: 756 kBTU/h THR
Thermostat set points Occupied hours: 74F cooling, 70F heating
Unoccupied hours: 79F cooling, 65F heating
A computer-generated sketch of the Grocery Building prototype is shown below.
1631
DOE-2.2R is a specialized version of the DOE-2.2 program, designed specifically to model refrigeration
systems.

High School
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a high school was developed using the
DOE-2.2 building energy simulation program. The simulations were driven using TMY3 long-
term average weather data. The model is really of four identical buildings oriented in four
different directions, with a common gymnasium. The characteristics of the prototype are
summarized below.
HIGH SCHOOL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Size 4 buildings, 25,000 square feet each; oriented 90 from each other
Computer room: 3082 SF
Gymnasium: 22.500 SF
Kitchen: 10,500 SF
Office: 3218 SF
Total: 150,000 SF
Number of floors 2
Wall construction and R-value CMU with brick veneer, plus R-7.5
Gymnasium: 1.8 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.6 W/SF
Gymnasium: 0.6 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.3 W/SF
Sat: 8am – 4pm
Sun: closed
HVAC system type Combination PSZ and built-up with screw chiller and hot water
boiler.
A computer-generated sketch of the High School Building prototype is shown below.

Hospital
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a large hospital building was developed
below.
LARGE HOSPITAL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Number of floors 3
Wall construction and R-value Brick and CMU, R=7.5
Roof construction and R-value Built-up roof, R-13.5
Glazing type Multi-pane; Shading-coefficient = 0.84
U-value = 0.72
Lighting power density Patient rooms: 2.3 W/SF
Office: 2.2 W/SF
Lab: 4.4
Dining: 1.7
Kitchen and food prep: 4.3
Plug load density Patient rooms: 1.7 W/SF
Office: 1.7 W/SF
Lab: 1.7
Dining: 0.6
Kitchen and food prep: 4.6
Operating hours 24/7, 365
HVAC system types Patient Rooms: 4 pipe fan coil
Kitchen: Rooftop DX
Remaining space;
1. Central constant volume system with hydronic reheat, without
economizer;
2. Central constant volume system with hydronic reheat, with
economizer;
3. Central VAV system with hydronic reheat, with economizer
HVAC system size Based on ASHRAE design day conditions, 10% over-sizing
assumed.
Chilled water system type Constant volume with 3 way control valves,
Hot water system type Constant volume with 3 way control valves,

A computer-generated sketch of the Large Hospital Building prototype is shown below.

Hotel
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a hotel building was developed using the
DOE-2.2 building energy simulation program. The characteristics of the prototype are
summarized below.
HOTEL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Size 200,000 square feet total
Bar, cocktail lounge – 800 SF
Corridor – 20,100 SF
Dining Area – 1,250 SF
Guest rooms – 160,680 SF
Kitchen – 750 SF
Laundry – 4,100 SF
Lobby – 8,220
Office – 4,100 SF
Number of floors 11
Wall construction and R-value Block construction, R-7.5
Roof construction and R-value Wood deck with built-up roof, R-13.5
U-value = 0.72
Lighting power density Bar, cocktail lounge – 1.7 W/SF
Corridor – 1.0 W/SF
Dining Area – 1.7 W/SF
Guest rooms – 0.6 W/SF
Kitchen – 4.3 W/SF
Laundry – 1.8 W/SF
Lobby – 3.1 W/SF
Office – 2.2 W/SF
Plug load density Bar, cocktail lounge – 1.2 W/SF
Corridor – 0.2 W/SF
Dining Area – 0.6 W/SF
Guest rooms – 0.6 W/SF
Kitchen – 3.0 W/SF
Laundry – 3.5 W/SF
Lobby – 0.6 W/SF
Office – 1.7 W/SF
Operating hours Rooms: 60% occupied
40% unoccupied
All others: 24 hr / day
HVAC system type Central built-up system: All except corridors and rooms
1. Central constant volume system with perimeter hydronic
reheat, without economizer;
2. Central constant volume system with perimeter hydronic
reheat, with economizer;
3. Central VAV system with perimeter hydronic reheat, with
economizer
PTAC (Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner): Guest rooms
PSZ: Corridors

assumed.
Minimum outdoor air fraction Built up system 0.3; PSZ: 0.14; PTAC: 0.11 is typical.
A computer-generated sketch of the Hotel Building prototype is shown below.

Large Office
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a large office building was developed using
LARGE OFFICE PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Number of floors 10
Wall construction and R-value Glass curtain wall, R-7.5
U-value = 0.72
Lighting power density Perimeter offices: 1.55 W/SF
Core offices: 1.45 W/SF
Plug load density Perimeter offices: 1.6 W/SF
Operating hours Mon-Sat: 9am – 6pm
Sun: Unoccupied
HVAC system types 1. Central constant volume system with hydronic reheat, without
economizer;
economizer;
assumed.

A computer-generated sketch of the Large Office Building prototype is shown below.
results are multiplied by 8 to represent the energy consumption of the eight middle floors.

Large Retail
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a large retail building was developed using
LARGE RETAIL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Sales area: 96,000 SF
Storage: 18,000 SF
Office: 6,000 SF
Number of floors 3
Wall construction and R-value Brick and CMU with R-7.5
Glazing type Multi-pane; SHGC= 0.73
U-value = 0.72
Lighting power density Sales area: 2.8 W/SF
Storage: 0.8 W/SF
Office: 1.8 W/SF
Plug load density Sales area: 1.1 W/SF
Storage: 0.2 W/SF
Office: 1.7 W/SF
Sun: 9am – 7pm
HVAC system types 1. Central constant volume system with hydronic reheat, without
economizer;
economizer;

A computer-generated sketch of the Large Retail Building prototype is shown below.
Light Industrial
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a light industrial building was developed
below.
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Size 100,000 square feet total
80,000 SF factory
20,000 SF warehouse
Number of floors 1
Roof construction and R-value Concrete deck with built-up roof, R-12
Lighting power density Factory – 2.1 W/SF
Warehouse – 0.9 W/SF
Plug load density Factory – 1.2 W/SF
Warehouse – 0.2 W/SF
Sat Sun: Unoccupied
A computer-generated sketch of the Light Industrial Building prototype is shown below.

Motel
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a motel was developed using the DOE-2.2
building energy simulation program. The simulations were driven using TMY3 long-term
average weather data. The characteristics of the prototype are summarized below.
MOTEL PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION
Number of floors 2
Wall construction and R-value Frame with R-5
Glazing type Single pane clear; SHGC = .87
U-value = 1.2
Operating hours 24/7 - 365
HVAC system type PTAC with electric heat
Thermostat set points Daytime hours: 76 cooling, 72 heating
Night setback hours: 81 cooling, 67 heating
A computer-generated sketch of the Motel Building prototype is shown below.

Refrigerated Warehouse
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a refrigerated warehouse building was
developed using the DOE-2.2R1632 building energy simulation program. The simulations were
driven using TMY3 long-term average weather data. The characteristics of the prototype are
summarized below.
PROTOTYPICAL REFRIGERATED WAREHOUSE MODEL DESCRIPTION

Vintage New construction
Shape Rectangular (400 ft by 230 ft)
Freezer: 40,000 SF
Cooler: 40,000 SF
Floor area
Shipping Dock: 12,000 SF
Total: 92,000 SF
Number of floors 1
Floor to ceiling height 30 ft
Exterior wall construction Insulated metal panel
Ext wall R-Value Cooler and loading dock – R-20; Freezer – R-26
A computer-generated sketch of the Refrigerated Warehouse Building prototype is shown below.
1632
DOE-2.2R is a specialized version of the DOE-2.2 program, designed specifically to model refrigeration
systems.

Religious
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a religious worship building was developed
below.
RELIGIOUS WORSHIP PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Number of floors 1
Wall construction and R-value Brick with R-5
Glazing type Single pane clear; SHGC = .87
U-value = 1.2
Operating hours Mon-Sat: 12pm-6pm
Sun: 9am – 7pm
A computer-generated sketch of the Religious Building prototype is shown below.

Small Office
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a small office was developed using the
DOE-2.2 building energy simulation program. The simulations were driven using TMY3 long-
term average weather data. The characteristics of the small office prototype are summarized
below.
SMALL OFFICE PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Number of floors 2
Wall construction and R-value Wood frame with brick veneer, R-5
Lighting power density Perimeter offices: 2.2 W/SF
Plug load density Perimeter offices: 1.6 W/SF
Sun: Unoccupied
A computer-generated sketch of the Small Office Building prototype is shown below.

Small Retail
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a small retail building was developed using
long-term average weather data. The characteristics of the small retail building prototype are
summarized below.
SMALL RETAIL PROTOTYPE DESCRIPTION

Size 6400 square foot sales area
1600 square foot storage area
8000 square feet total
Number of floors 1
Lighting power density Sales area: 3.4 W/SF
Storage area: 0.9 W/SF
Plug load density Sales area: 1.2 W/SF
Storage area: 0.2 W/SF
Operating hours 10 – 10 Monday-Saturday
10 – 8 Sunday
A computer-generated sketch of the Small Retail Building prototype is shown below.

University
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a university building was developed using
long-term average weather data. The model is really four identical buildings oriented 90 degrees
apart. The characteristics of the prototype are summarized below.
UNIVERSITY PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Size 4 buildings, 200,000 square feet each; oriented 90 from each
other
Computer room: 27,540 SF
Kitchen: 10,500 SF
Office: 226,800 SF
Total: 800,000 SF
Number of floors 4
Wall construction and R-value Insulated frame wall with R-7.5
Office: 2.0 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.6 W/SF
Office: 1.6 W/SF
Kitchen: 3.3 W/SF
Sat: 8am – 7pm
Sun: closed
HVAC system type Combination PSZ and built-up with centrifugal chiller and hot
water boiler.

A computer-generated sketch of the University Building prototype is shown below.
Warehouse
A prototypical building energy simulation model for a warehouse building was developed using
the DOE-2.2 building energy simulation program. The characteristics of the prototype are
summarized below.
WAREHOUSE PROTOTYPE BUILDING DESCRIPTION
Size 500,000
Number of floors 1
Wall construction and insulation Concrete block, R-5
R-value
Roof construction and insulation Wood deck with built-up roof, R-12
R-value
U-value = 0.72
Sat Sun: Unoccupied
assumed.
A computer-generated sketch of the Warehouse Building prototype is shown below.

Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
7-13-1 7/31/2013
7-13-18 7/31/2013
7-13-19 7/31/2013
7-13-21 7/31/2013
3-14-1 3/17/2014

Appendix B: HVAC Weighting Factors
APPENDIX B
HVAC WEIGHTING FACTORS
As described in the data sources and default value tables, it is permissible to use weighted
average values across HVAC system types and building vintages when measure specific data are
not available. Program administrators shall submit weighting factors used in their calculations
for review and approval by the DPS. The weighting factors presented in this section may be used
in lieu of program-specific weighting factors until such data are available.
Weighting factors developed for this section were taken from survey data compiled by the US
Energy Information Agency (EIA), as part of the 2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey
(RECS) and the 2003 Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS). RECS
survey data were collected specifically for New York state; CBECS data were collected for
census division 2 (Middle Atlantic), which includes New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.
SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING CALCULATIONS

The fractions of total building floor space for the Old and Average vintages are shown below.
These data are compiled for building total (conditioned and unconditioned), heated and cooled
floor space.
Vintage Weights for Single-family Detached Residential Buildings

Total Heated Cooled
Old 0.441 0.420 0.358
Average 0.559 0.580 0.642
For example, approximately 64% of the cooled floor space is in buildings within the Average
vintage, while 36% of the cooled floor space is in the Old vintage. Note, the RECS data did not
provide information for new construction. Weighting calculations involving cooling savings
should use the cooled floor space weights, while weighting calculations involving heating
savings should use the heated floor space weights. Within each building vintage category, the
weights by HVAC system type are shown below.
System Type Weights by Vintage for Single-family Detached Residential Buildings

System Type Old Average
AC with fuel heat 0.474 0.616
Heat Pump 0.000 0.049
AC with electric heat 0.002 0.013
Electric heat only 0.004 0.017
Fuel heat only 0.519 0.306
Room AC 0.629 0.371

MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING CALCULATIONS

The fractions of total multi-family low-rise building floor space for the Old and Average vintage
are shown below. These data are compiled for building total (conditioned and unconditioned),
heated and cooled floor space. Low-rise buildings were identified as buildings with 2-4 units; or
1 or 2 story buildings with 5 or more units.
Vintage Weights for Low-rise Multi-family Residential Buildings

Total Heated Cooled
Old 0.097 0.089 0.134
Average 0.903 0.911 0.866
The fractions of total multi-family high-rise building floor space for the Old and Average vintage
are shown below. These data are compiled for building total (conditioned and unconditioned),
heated and cooled floor space. High-rise buildings were identified as buildings with 3 or more
stories.
Vintage Weights for High-rise Multi-family Residential Buildings

Total Heated Cooled
Old 0.827 0.828 0.712
Average 0.173 0.172 0.288
Note, the RECS data did not provide information for new construction. Weighting calculations
involving cooling savings should use the cooled floor space weights, while weighting
calculations involving heating savings should use the heated floor space weights. For low-rise
building calculations, weights by HVAC system type have been compiled. Within each building
vintage category, the weights by HVAC system type are shown below.
HVAC System Type Old Average

AC with fuel heat 0.542 0.350
Heat Pump 0.000 0.000
AC with electric heat 0.000 0.000
Electric heat only 0.006 0.012
Fuel heat only 0.450 0.627
PTAC 0.003 0.012
PTHP 0.000 0.000
Note: The TRM assumes a single HVAC system type for high-rise buildings, thus weighting
across HVAC system types is not required.

COMMERCIAL BUILDING CALCULATIONS

Weighting Factors for Commercial Building Calculations
The TRM currently lists energy savings estimates for small commercial buildings for a single
vintage and HVAC system type, with the exception of HVAC interactive effects multipliers.
Use the weights in the table below for HVAC interactive effects:
System Type Weights for Built-Up HVAC Systems from CBECS

AC with
AC with Heat electric Electric Fuel heat
Building Type fuel heat Pump heat heat only only
Assembly 0.63 0.08 0.12 0.03 0.14
Auto Repair 0.54 0.08 0.10 0.04 0.24
Big Box 0.66 0.07 0.18 0.02 0.07
Elementary School 0.68 0.11 0.11 0.01 0.08
Fast Food 0.67 0.09 0.18 0.01 0.06
Full Service 0.67 0.09 0.18 0.01 0.06
Grocery 0.66 0.07 0.18 0.02 0.07
Light Industrial 0.46 0.06 0.00 0.10 0.37
Motel 0.46 0.23 0.26 0.02 0.03
Religious 0.57 0.11 0.13 0.03 0.15
Small Office 0.69 0.10 0.19 0.00 0.02
Small Retail 0.66 0.07 0.18 0.02 0.07
Warehouse 0.46 0.06 0.00 0.10 0.37
Other 0.60 0.10 0.14 0.03 0.13
(Note: Some types do not add up to exactly 1.00 due to rounding.)
Savings estimates for large commercial buildings are developed for several HVAC system and
chiller type combinations. The CBECS data were analyzed to develop system type weights for
these building types. The weighting factors for each of the two HVAC system types constant
volume reheat (CV) and variable air volume (VAV) are shown below.
System Type Weights for Built-Up HVAC Systems from CBECS

Building
System Type Hospital Office Education Lodging Retail Other
CV 0.16 0.14 0.31 1.00 0.16 0.35
VAV 0.84 0.86 0.69 0.00 0.84 0.65
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
7-13-22 7/31/2013
9-13-3 9/27/2013

Appendix C: Standard Fixture Watts
APPENDIX C
NOTE: The wattage values found in the tables of this appendix shall only be referenced where existing conditions are collected as
part of a program’s delivery mechanism and are permitted to be used as baseline (e.g., C&I Lighitng).
As a cross reference, the Effective Useful life (in hours) used for some lighting products, including LEDs, may be found in Appendix
P which relies upon estimates established by the Design Lights Consortium and ENERGY STAR®.1633
Standard Fixture Watts 1634
Watt / Watt /
Fixture Code Lamp Code Description Ballast Lamp/Fixture
Lamp Fixture
COMPACT FLUORESCENT FIXTURES
(Hard-wired or Pin-based only)
CF10/2D CFD10W Compact Fluorescent, 2D, (1) 10W lamp Mag-STD 1 10 16
CF10/2D-L CFD10W Compact Fluorescent, 2D, (1) 10W lamp Electronic 1 10 12
CF11/1 CF11W Compact Fluorescent, (1) 11W lamp Mag-STD 1 11 13
CF18/3-L CF18W Compact Fluorescent, (3) 18W lamp Electronic 3 18 60
1633
Some of the EULs of LED lighting products are based on the listing found in the Qualified Products List by the Design Light Consortium (DLC) at 35,000 or
50,000 hours, according to the appropriate Application Category as specified in the DLC‟s Product Qualification Criteria, Technical Requirement Table version
2.0 or higher. The EUL of other LED products are based on the listing found in the ENERGY STAR® Qualified Fixture List, according to the appropriate
luminaire classification as specified in the ENERGY STAR®Program requirements for Luminaires, version 1.2. The total hours are divided by estimated annual
use, but capped at 15 years regardless (consistent with C&I redecoration and business type change patterns.)
1634
(Reference: NYSERDA Existing Buildings Lighting Table with Circline Additions from CA SPC Table).

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
CFQ10/1 CFQ10W Compact Fluorescent, quad, (1) 10W lamp Mag-STD 1 10 15
Compact Fluorescent, quad, (1) 13W lamp,
CFQ13/1-L CFQ13W Electronic 1 13 15
BF=1.05
BF=1.0
BF=1.0
BF=1.0

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
BF=0.95
BF=0.95
BF=0.95
CFS7/1 CFS7W Compact Fluorescent, spiral, (1) 7W lamp Electronic 1 7 7
CFT13/1 CFT13W Compact Fluorescent, twin, (1) 13W lamp Mag-STD 1 13 17
CFT13/3 CFT13W Compact Fluorescent, twin, (3) 13 W lamp Mag-STD 3 13 48
Compact Fluorescent, long twin., (1) 18W
CFT18/1 CFT18W Mag-STD 1 18 24
lamp
CFT24/1 CFT24W Compact Fluorescent, long twin, (1) 24W lamp Mag-STD 1 24 32
Compact Fluorescent, twin or multi, (1) 32W
CFT32/1-L CFM32W Electronic 1 32 34
lamp
lamp
lamp
CFT36/1 CFT36W Compact Fluorescent, long twin, (1) 36W lamp Mag-STD 1 36 51
CFT36/4-BX CFT36W Compact Fluorescent, Biax, (4) 36W lamp Electronic 4 36 148

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Compact Fluorescent, long Twin, (6) 36W
CFT36/6-L CFT36W Electronic 6 36 198
lamp
lamp/ High Ballast Factor
lamp
CFT40/1-L CFT40W Compact Fluorescent, long twin, (1) 40W lamp Electronic 1 40 43
CFT40/3 CFT40W Compact Fluorescent, twin, (3) 40 W lamp Mag-STD 3 40 133
lamp
lamp

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
lamp
lamp
EXIT SIGN FIXTURES
ECF5/1 CFT5W EXIT Compact Fluorescent, (1) 5W lamp Mag-STD 1 5 9
ECF8/1 F8T5 EXIT T5 Fluorescent, (1) 8W lamp Mag-STD 1 8 12

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
ECF8/2 F8T5 EXIT T5 Fluorescent, (2) 8W lamp Mag-STD 2 8 24
EI10/2 I10 EXIT Incandescent, (2) 10W lamp 2 10 20
EI7.5/1 I7.5 EXIT Tungsten, (1) 7.5 W lamp 1 7.5 8
EI7.5/2 I7.5 EXIT Tungsten, (2) 7.5 W lamp 2 7.5 15
EXIT Light Emitting Diode, (1) 0.5W lamp,
ELED0.5/1 LED0.5W 1 0.5 0.5
Single Sided
ELED0.5/2 LED0.5W 2 0.5 1
Dual Sided
ELED1.5/1 LED1.5W 1 1.5 1.5
Single Sided
ELED1.5/2 LED1.5W 2 1.5 3
Dual Sided
ELED10.5/1 LED10.5W 1 10.5 10.5
Single Sided
ELED10.5/2 LED10.5W 2 10.5 21
Dual Sided
EXIT Light Emitting Diode, (1) 2W lamp,
ELED2/1 LED2W 1 2 2
Single Sided
EXIT Light Emitting Diode, (2) 2W lamp, Dual
ELED2/2 LED2W 2 2 4
Sided
ELED3/1 LED3W 1 3 3
Single Sided

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
ELED3/2 LED3W 2 3 6
Sided
ELED5/1 LED5W 1 5 5
Single Sided
ELED5/2 LED5W 2 5 10
Sided
ELED8/1 LED8W 1 8 8
Single Sided
ELED8/2 LED8W 2 8 16
Sided
LINEAR FLUORESCENT FIXTURES
F1.51LS F15T8 Fluorescent, (1) 18" T8 lamp Mag-STD 1 15 19
F1.51SS F15T12 Fluorescent, (1) 18" T12 lamp Mag-STD 1 15 19
F1.52LS F15T8 Fluorescent, (2) 18" T8 lamp Mag-STD 2 15 36
F1.52SS F15T12 Fluorescent, (2) 18", T12 lamp Mag-STD 2 15 36
F21HS F24T12/HO Fluorescent, (1) 24", HO lamp Mag-STD 1 35 62
Fluorescent, (1) 24", T-8 lamp, Instant Start
F21ILL F17T8 Electronic 1 17 20
Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95)
F21ILL/T2 F17T8 Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 17 17
Ballast
F21ILL/T2-R F17T8 Ballast, RLO (BF<.85), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 17 15
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Fluorescent, (1) 24", T-8 lamp, HE
F21ILX-R F17T8 Electronic 1 17 15
Instant/Program Start Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85)
F21ILX F17T8 Instant/Program Start Ballast, NLO (BF: .85- Electronic 1 17 16
.95)
Fluorescent, (1) 24", T-8 lamp, Rapid Start
F21LL F17T8 Electronic 1 17 16
F21LL/T2 F17T8 Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 17 16
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
F21LL-R F17T8 Electronic 1 17 15
Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85)
Fluorescent, (1) 24", T8 lamp, Standard
F21LS F17T8 Mag-STD 1 17 24
Ballast
F21GL F24T5 Fluorescent, (1) 24", STD T5 lamp Electronic 1 14 18
F21SE F20T12 Fluorescent, (1) 24", STD lamp Mag-ES 1 20 26
F21SS F20T12 Fluorescent, (1) 24", STD lamp Mag-STD 1 20 28
F21GHL F24T5/HO Fluorescent, (1) 24", STD HO T5 lamp Electronic 1 24 29
F22SHS F24T12/HO Fluorescent, (2) 24", HO lamp Mag-STD 2 35 90
Fluorescent, (2) 24", T-8 Instant Start lamp,
F22ILE F17T8 Mag-ES 2 17 45
Energy Saving Magnetic Ballast
Ballast
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F22ILL-R F17T8 Electronic 2 17 29
.95)
Ballast
F23ILL-H F17T8 Electronic 3 17 49
Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1)
.95)

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F31EE F30T12/ES Fluorescent, (1) 36", ES lamp Mag-ES 1 25 38
F31EE/T2 F30T12/ES Fluorescent, (1) 36", ES lamp, Tandem wired Mag-ES 1 25 33
F31EL F30T12/ES Fluorescent, (1) 36", ES lamp Electronic 1 25 26
F31ES F30T12/ES Fluorescent, (1) 36", ES lamp Mag-STD 1 25 42
F31ES/T2 F30T12/ES Fluorescent, (1) 36", ES lamp, Tandem wired Mag-STD 1 25 37
Ballast
F31ILL/T2-H F25T8 Ballast, HLO (BF: .96-1.1), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 25 24
Ballast
F31ILL/T2-R F25T8 Ballast, RLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 25 23
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
F31LL-H F25T8 Electronic 1 25 26
F31SE/T2 F30T12 Fluorescent, (1) 36", STD lamp, Tandem wired Mag-ES 1 30 37
F31SHS F36T12/HO Fluorescent, (1) 36", HO lamp Mag-STD 1 50 70
F31SL F30T12 Fluorescent, (1) 36", STD lamp Electronic 1 30 31
Fluorescent, (1) 36", STD lamp, Tandem
F31SS/T2 F30T12 Mag-STD 1 30 41
wired

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Ballast
Ballast
F32LE F25T8 Fluorescent, (2) 36", T-8 lamp Mag-ES 2 25 65
Ballast
F32LL-V F25T8 Electronic 2 25 70
Ballast, VHLO (BF>1.1)
F32SHS F36T12/HO Fluorescent, (2) 36", HO, lamp Mag-STD 2 50 114

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Fluorescent, (3) 36", STD lamp, (1) STD
F33SE F30T12 Mag-ES 3 30 120
ballast and (1) ES ballast
Ballast, RLO (BF<.85)
Fluorescent, (0) 48" lamp, Completely
F40EE/D1 None Mag-ES 0 0 4
delamped fixture with (1) hot ballast
Fluorescent, (0) 48" lamp, Completely
F40EE/D2 None Mag-ES 0 0 8
delamped fixture with (2) hot ballast
F41EE/D2 F40T12/ES Fluorescent, (1) 48", ES lamp, 2 ballast Mag-ES 1 34 43
Fluorescent, (1) 48", ES lamp, tandem wired,
F41EE/T2 F40T12/ES Mag-ES 1 34 36
2-lamp ballast
F41EHS F48T12/HO/ES Fluorescent, (1) 48", ES HO lamp Mag-STD 1 55 80
Fluorescent, (1) 48" ES Instant Start lamp.
F41EIS F48T12/ES Mag-STD 1 30 51
Magnetic ballast
Fluorescent, (1) 48", T12 ES lamp, Electronic
F41EL F40T12/ES Electronic 1 34 32
Ballast
Fluorescent, (1) 48", T-12 ES lamp, Rapid
F41EL/T2 F40T12/ES Start Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Electronic 1 34 32
Lamp Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F41EVS F48T12/VHO/ES Fluorescent, (1) 48", VHO ES lamp Mag-STD 1 123
Fluorescent, (1) 48", F25T12 lamp, Instant
F41IAL F25T12 Electronic 1 25 25
Start Ballast
F41IAL/T2-R F25T12 Electronic 1 25 19
Start, Tandem 2-Lamp Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85)
Fluorescent, (1) 48", Super T-8 lamp, Instant
F41SILL F30T8 Electronic 1 30 28
Start Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95)
F41SILL/T2 F30T8 Start Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Electronic 1 30 27
Lamp Ballast
Lamp Ballast
Lamp Ballast
F41SILL-R F30T8 Electronic 1 30 25
Start Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85)
Fluorescent, (1) 48", Super T-8 lamp, IS
F41SILL/T2-R F30T8 Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 30 24
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
F41SILL-H F30T8 Electronic 1 30 37
Start Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1)
F41SILL/T2-H F30T8 Start Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 2 Electronic 1 30 36
Lamp Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F41SILL/T3-H F30T8 Start Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 3 Electronic 1 30 36
Lamp Ballast
F41SSILL F28T8 Electronic 1 28 26
F41SSILL/T2 F28T8 Start Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Electronic 1 28 25
Lamp Ballast
Lamp Ballast
Lamp Ballast
F41SSILL-R F28T8 Electronic 1 28 23
F41SSILL/T2-R F28T8 Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 28 22
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
F41SSILL-H F28T8 Electronic 1 28 33
F41SSILL/T2-H F28T8 Start Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 2 Electronic 1 28 32
Lamp Ballast
F41SSILL/T3-H F28T8 Start Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 3 Electronic 1 28 32
Lamp Ballast
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F41ILL/T2-H F32T8 Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 32 33
Ballast
Fluorescent, (1) 48", T-8 lamp, IS Ballast, RLO
F41ILL/T2-R F32T8 Electronic 1 32 26
(BF<0.85), Tandem 2 Lamp Ballast
Ballast
F41ILL/T3-H F32T8 Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 3 Lamp Electronic 1 32 31
Ballast
Ballast
F41ILX-H F32T8 Instant/Program Start Ballast, HLO (BF:.96- Electronic 1 32 35
1.1)
Ballast
F41LL/T2-H F32T8 Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 32 39
Ballast
F41LL/T2-R F32T8 Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 32 27
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Ballast
F41LL/T3-H F32T8 Ballast, HLO (BF:.96-1.1), Tandem 3 Lamp Electronic 1 32 33
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
F41SHS F48T12/HO Fluorescent, (1) 48", STD HO lamp Mag-STD 1 60 85
Fluorescent, (1) 48", STD IS lamp, Electronic
F41SIL F48T12 Electronic 1 39 46
ballast
F41SIL/T2 F48T12 Electronic 1 39 37
ballast, tandem wired
F41SIS F48T12 Fluorescent, (1) 48", STD IS lamp Mag-STD 1 39 60
Fluorescent, (1) 48", STD IS lamp, tandem to
F41SIS/T2 F48T12 Mag-STD 1 39 52
2-lamp ballast
Fluorescent, (1) 48", T-12 STD lamp, Rapid
F41SL/T2 F40T12 Start Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Electronic 1 40 36
Lamp Ballast
F41SVS F48T12/VHO Fluorescent, (1) 48", STD VHO lamp Mag-STD 1 110 135
F41TS F40T10 Fluorescent, (1) 48", T-10 lamp Mag-STD 1 40 51

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Fluorescent, (2) 48", ES lamp, 2 Ballasts
F42EE/D2 F40T12/ES Mag-ES 2 34 76
(delamped)
F42EHS F48T12/HO/ES Fluorescent, (2) 42", HO lamp (3.5' lamp) Mag-STD 2 55 135
Magnetic ballast
Fluorescent, (2) 48", T12 ES lamps, Electronic
Ballast
F42IAL-R F25T12 Electronic 2 25 39
Lamp Ballast
Ballast
Lamp Ballast
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Ballast
F42ILL/T4-R F32T8 Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85), Tandem 4 Lamp Electronic 2 32 51
Ballast
F42ILL-V F32T8 Electronic 2 32 79
1.1)
F42ILX-V F32T8 Electronic 2 32 74
Instant/Program Start Ballast, VHLO (BF>1.1)
Ballast
Ballast
F42LL-V F32T8 Electronic 2 32 85

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
ballast
F43EHS F48T12/HO/ES Fluorescent, (3) 48", ES HO lamp (3.5' lamp) Mag-STD 3 55 215
Magnetic ballast
Fluorescent, (3) 48", T12 ES lamps, Electronic
Ballast
F43ILL/2 F32T8 Electronic 3 32 90
Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), (2) ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
1.1)
F43ILX-R/2 F32T8 Instant/Program Start Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85), Electronic 3 32 73
(2) ballast
F43LL/2 F32T8 Electronic 3 32 92
ballast
Fluorescent, (4) 48", ES lamp, 4 Ballasts
F44EE/D4 F40T12/ES Mag-ES 4 34 152
(delamped)
Fluorescent, (4) 48" ES Instant Start lamp,
Magnetic ballast
Fluorescent, (4) 48", T12 ES lamp, Electronic
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F44ILL/2 F32T8 Electronic 4 32 118
F44ILX-R/2 F32T8 Instant/Program Start Ballast, RLO (BF<0.85), Electronic 4 32 96
(2) ballast
F44LL/2 F32T8 Electronic 4 32 120

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
ballast
Fluorescent, (5) 48", T-8 lamp, (1) 3-lamp IS
F45ILL F32T8 ballast and (1) 2-lamp IS ballast, NLO (BF: Electronic 5 32 148
.85-.95)
Ballast, RLO (BF< .85)
Instant/Program Start Ballast, RLO (BF< .85)
Fluorescent, (6) 48", T-8 lamp, NLO (BF: .85-
.95)
Fluorescent, (1) 60", T-8 HO lamp, Instant
F51ILHL F60T12/HO Electronic 1 55 59
Start Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
F51SHE F60T12/HO Fluorescent, (1) 60", STD HO lamp Mag-ES 1 75 88
F51SHL F60T12/HO Fluorescent, (1) 60", STD HO lamp Electronic 1 75 69
F51SVS F60T12/VHO Fluorescent, (1) 60", VHO ES lamp Mag-STD 1 135 165
F52ILHL F60T12/HO Electronic 2 55 123
Start Ballast
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F52SVS F60T12/VHO Fluorescent, (2) 60", VHO ES lamp Mag-STD 2 135 310
Fluorescent, (1) 72", STD lamp, IS electronic
F61ISL F72T12 Electronic 1 55 68
ballast
F61SVS F72T12/VHO Fluorescent, (1) 72", VHO lamp Mag-STD 1 160 180
F62ILHL F72T8 Electronic 2 65 147
Start Ballast
ballast
F62SVS F72T12/VHO Fluorescent, (2) 72", VHO lamp Mag-STD 2 160 330
ballast
ballast
Fluorescent, (1) 96", ES lamp, tandem to 2-
F81EE/T2 F96T12/ES Mag-ES 1 60 62
lamp ballast
F81EHL F96T12/HO/ES Fluorescent, (1) 96", ES HO lamp Electronic 1 95 80

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Fluorescent, (1) 96", ES HO lamp, Rapid Start
F81EHL/T2 F96T12/HO/ES Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 95 85
Ballast
Fluorescent, (1) 96", ES lamp, Rapid Start
F81EL/T2 F96T12/ES Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 60 55
Ballast
Fluorescent, (1) 96", ES lamp, tandem to 2-
F81ES/T2 F96T12/ES Mag-STD 1 60 64
lamp ballast
F81EVS F96T12/VHO/ES Fluorescent, (1) 96", ES VHO lamp Mag-STD 1 185 200
Ballast
Ballast
F81LHL F96T8/HO Fluorescent, (1) 96", T8 HO lamp Electronic 1 86 85
Fluorescent, (1) 96", T8 HO lamp, tandem
F81LHL/T2 F96T8/HO Electronic 1 86 80
wired to 2-lamp ballast
F81EHS F96T12/HO Fluorescent, (1) 96", ES HO lamp Mag-STD 1 95 125
Fluorescent, (1) 96", STD HO lamp, Rapid
F81SHL/T2 F96T12/HO Start Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Electronic 1 110 98
Lamp Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Fluorescent, (1) 96", STD lamp, Instant Start
F81SL F96T12 Electronic 1 75 70
Fluorescent, (1) 96", STD lamp, Rapid Start
F81SL/T2 F96T12 Ballast, NLO (BF: .85-.95), Tandem 2 Lamp Electronic 1 75 67
Ballast
F82EHE F96T12/HO/ES Fluorescent, (2) 96", ES HO lamp Mag-ES 2 95 207
Fluorescent, (3) 96", ES HO lamp, (1) 2-lamp Mag-
F83EHE F96T12/HO/ES 3 95 319
ES Ballast, (1) 1-lamp STD Ballast ES/STD

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
F84EHE F96T12/HO/ES Fluorescent, (4) 96", ES HO lamp Mag-ES 4 95 414
CIRCLINE FLUORESCENT FIXTURES
FC12/1 FC12T9 Fluorescent, (1) 12" circular lamp, RS ballast Mag-STD 1 32 31
FC16/1 FC16T9 Fluorescent, (1) 16" circular lamp Mag-STD 1 40 35
Fluorescent, Circline, (1) 20W lamp, Preheat
FC20 FC6T9 Mag-STD 1 20 20
ballast
Fluorescent, Circline, (1) 22W lamp, preheat
FC22/1 FC8T9 Mag-STD 1 22 20
ballast
Fluorescent, Circline, (1) 22W/32W lamp,
FC22/32/1 FC22/32T9 Mag-STD 1 22/32 58
preheat ballast
FC32/1 FC12T9 Mag-STD 1 32 40
ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Fluorescent, Circline, (1) 32W/40W lamp,
FC32/40/1 FC32/40T9 Mag-STD 1 32/40 80
preheat ballast
FC40/1 FC16T9 Mag-STD 1 32 42
ballast
FC44/1 FC44T9 Mag-STD 1 44 46
ballast
U-TUBE FLUORESCENT FIXTURES
FU1EE FU40T12/ES Fluorescent, (1) U-Tube, ES lamp Mag-ES 1 34 43
Fluorescent, (1) U-Tube, T-8 lamp, Instant
FU1ILL FU31T8/6 Electronic 1 32 31
Start ballast
FU1LL FU31T8/6 Fluorescent, (1) U-Tube, T-8 lamp Electronic 1 32 32
Fluorescent, (1) U-Tube, T-8 lamp, RLO
FU1LL-R FU31T8/6 Electronic 1 31 27
(BF<0.85)
Fluorescent, (1) U-Tube, T-8 lamp, HE
FU1ILX-R FU31T8/6 Electronic 1 31 25
Instant/Program Start Ballast RLO (BF<0.85)
FU2SS FU40T12 Fluorescent, (2) U-Tube, STD lamp Mag-STD 2 40 96
FU2SE FU40T12 Fluorescent, (2) U-Tube, STD lamp Mag-ES 2 40 85
FU2ES FU40T12/ES Fluorescent, (2) U-Tube, ES lamp Mag-STD 2 34 82
Start Ballast
FU2ILL/T4 FU31T8/6 Electronic 2 32 56
Start Ballast, tandem wired
FU2ILL/T4-R FU31T8/6 Electronic 2 32 51
Start Ballast, RLO, tandem wired
FU2ILL-H FU31T8/6 Electronic 2 32 65
Start HLO Ballast
FU2ILL-R FU31T8/6 Electronic 2 32 52
Start RLO Ballast
Fluorescent, (2) U-Tube, T-8 lamp, HE
FU2ILX-R FU31T8/6 Electronic 2 31 48
Instant/Program Start Ballast RLO (BF<0.85)
FU2LL FU31T8/6 Fluorescent, (2) U-Tube, T-8 lamp Electronic 2 32 60

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Fluorescent, (2) U-Tube, T-8 lamp, Tandem 4
FU2LL/T2 FU31T8/6 Electronic 2 32 59
lamp ballast
Fluorescent, (2) U-Tube, T-8 lamp, RLO
FU2LL-R FU31T8/6 Electronic 54 31 54
(BF<0.85)
Start Ballast
FU3ILL-R FU31T8/6 Electronic 3 32 78
Start RLO Ballast
STANDARD INCANDESCENT FIXTURES
I100/1 I100 Incandescent, (1) 100W lamp N/A 1 100 100
I100E/1 I100/ES Incandescent, (1) 100W ES lamp N/A 1 90 90
I100EL/1 I100/ES/LL Incandescent, (1) 100W ES/LL lamp N/A 1 90 90

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
I200L/1 I200/LL Incandescent, (1) 200W LL lamp N/A 1 200 200

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Tungsten exit light, (1) 7.5 W lamp, used in
I7.5/1 I7.5 N/A 1 7.5 8
night light application
Tungsten exit light, (2) 7.5 W lamp, used in
I7.5/2 I7.5 N/A 2 7.5 15
night light application
HALOGEN INCANDESCENT FIXTURES
H100/1 H100 Halogen Incandescent, (1) 100W lamp N/A 1 100 100

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Halogen Low Voltage Incandescent, (1) 20W
HLV20/1 H20/LV N/A 1 20 30
lamp
HLV25/1 H25/LV N/A 1 25 35
lamp
HLV35/1 H35/LV N/A 1 35 45
lamp
HLV42/1 H42/LV N/A 1 42 52
lamp
HLV50/1 H50/LV N/A 1 50 60
lamp
HLV65/1 H65/LV N/A 1 65 75
lamp
HLV75/1 H75/LV N/A 1 75 85
lamp
QL INDUCTION FIXTURES
QL55/1 QL55 QL Induction, (1) 55W lamp Generator 1 55 55

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM FIXTURES
HPS100/1 HPS100 High Pressure Sodium, (1) 100W lamp CWA 1 100 138
METAL HALIDE FIXTURES
MH100/1 MH100 Metal Halide, (1) 100W lamp CWA 1 100 128

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Metal Halide Pulse Start, (1) 100W lamp w/
MHPS/LR/100/1 MHPS100 LR 1 100 118
Linear Reactor Ballast
MHPS/LR/150/1 MHPS150 LR 1 150 170
MHPS/LR/175/1 MHPS175 LR 1 175 194
MHPS/LR/200/1 MHPS200 LR 1 200 219
MHPS/LR/250/1 MHPS250 LR 1 250 275
MHPS/LR/300/1 MHPS300 LR 1 300 324
MHPS/LR/320/1 MHPS320 LR 1 320 349
MHPS/LR/350/1 MHPS350 LR 1 350 380
MHPS/LR/400/1 MHPS400 LR 1 400 435
MHPS/LR/450/1 MHPS450 LR 1 450 485
MHPS/LR/750/1 MHPS750 LR 1 750 805
MHPS/SCWA/100/1 MHPS100 Super Constant Wattage Autotransformer SCWA 1 100 128
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast

Watt / Watt /
Lamp Fixture
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
MERCURY VAPOR FIXTURES
MV100/1 MV100 Mercury Vapor, (1) 100W lamp CWA 1 100 125

Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
7-13-23 7/31/2013

Appendix D: HVAC Interactive Effects Multiplier
APPENDIX D
HVAC INTERACTIVE EFFECTS MULTIPLIERS
Multipliers by facility type and HVAC type are presented in the tables found throughout this appendix. The Default Values table
below presents HVAC Interactive Effects Multiplier that are weighted averages of the Small & Large Commercial Building Types
outlined in this appendix with typical HVAC system assumed for each region. These may be used in the estimation of interactive
impacts when building type and/or HVAC system type cannot be sourced from application because program design/delivery does not
allow for the collection of this detail.
Previous values were based on outdated building simulations and climatological data incongruous with weather data source used
elsewhere in the TRM; new method takes into account proportionality of HVAC systems in residential and commercial buildings
based on current CBECS and RECS data and reflects typical efficiency of HVAC systems and balance point of current building stock.
The new method also simplifies application of interactive factors and aligns with use of these factors in measure methodologies
throughout TRM.
DEFAULT VALUES
Residential
City HVACc HVACd HVACff
Albany -0.0426 0.1427 -0.0013
Binghamton -0.0560 0.1427 -0.0014
Buffalo -0.0455 0.1427 -0.0013
Massena -0.0520 0.1427 -0.0014
NYC -0.0289 0.1427 -0.0012
Poughkeepsie -0.0377 0.1427 -0.0013
Syracuse -0.0442 0.1427 -0.0013

Commercial
City HVACc HVACd HVACff
Albany 0.0208 0.1313 -0.0008
Binghamton 0.0119 0.1313 -0.0008
Buffalo 0.0183 0.1313 -0.0008
Massena 0.0124 0.1313 -0.0008
NYC 0.0318 0.1313 -0.0006
Poughkeepsie 0.0250 0.1313 -0.0007
Syracuse 0.0196 0.1313 -0.0008
VALUES BY HVAC TYPE
Residential
AC with Fuel Heat Chilled Water with Fuel Heat Heat Pump
City
HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff
Albany 0.0249 0.1575 -0.0017 0.0148 0.0938 -0.0017 -0.1434 0.1575 0.0000
Binghamton 0.0149 0.1575 -0.0018 0.0089 0.0938 -0.0018 -0.1646 0.1575 0.0000
Buffalo 0.0230 0.1575 -0.0017 0.0137 0.0938 -0.0017 -0.1482 0.1575 0.0000
Massena 0.0189 0.1575 -0.0018 0.0113 0.0938 -0.0018 -0.1598 0.1575 0.0000
NYC 0.0349 0.1575 -0.0016 0.0208 0.0938 -0.0016 -0.1215 0.1575 0.0000
Poughkeepsie 0.0283 0.1575 -0.0016 0.0168 0.0938 -0.0016 -0.1353 0.1575 0.0000
Syracuse 0.0238 0.1575 -0.0017 0.0142 0.0938 -0.0017 -0.1460 0.1575 0.0000
AC with Elec Res Heat Chilled Water with Elec Res Heat Fuel Heat Only Elec Res Heat Only
City
HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff
Albany -0.3796 0.1575 0.0000 -0.3896 0.0938 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0017 -0.4044 0.0000 0.0000
Binghamton -0.4165 0.1575 0.0000 -0.4225 0.0938 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0018 -0.4313 0.0000 0.0000
Buffalo -0.3884 0.1575 0.0000 -0.3977 0.0938 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0017 -0.4114 0.0000 0.0000
Massena -0.4106 0.1575 0.0000 -0.4182 0.0938 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0018 -0.4295 0.0000 0.0000
NYC -0.3411 0.1575 0.0000 -0.3553 0.0938 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0016 -0.3761 0.0000 0.0000
Poughkeepsie -0.3648 0.1575 0.0000 -0.3762 0.0938 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0016 -0.3931 0.0000 0.0000
Syracuse -0.3842 0.1575 0.0000 -0.3938 0.0938 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0017 -0.4080 0.0000 0.0000

Commercial
AC with Fuel Heat Chilled Water with Fuel Heat Heat Pump
City
HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff
Albany 0.0552 0.1478 -0.0011 0.0321 0.0860 -0.0011 -0.0633 0.1478 0.0000
Binghamton 0.0478 0.1478 -0.0012 0.0278 0.0860 -0.0012 -0.0806 0.1478 0.0000
Buffalo 0.0534 0.1478 -0.0012 0.0311 0.0860 -0.0012 -0.0688 0.1478 0.0000
Massena 0.0487 0.1478 -0.0012 0.0283 0.0860 -0.0012 -0.0810 0.1478 0.0000
NYC 0.0628 0.1478 -0.0010 0.0365 0.0860 -0.0010 -0.0378 0.1478 0.0000
Poughkeepsie 0.0584 0.1478 -0.0011 0.0340 0.0860 -0.0011 -0.0546 0.1478 0.0000
Syracuse 0.0544 0.1478 -0.0012 0.0317 0.0860 -0.0012 -0.0662 0.1478 0.0000
AC with Elec Res Heat Chilled Water with Elec Res Heat Fuel Heat Only Elec Res Heat Only
City
HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff HVACc HVACd HVACff
Albany -0.2114 0.1478 0.0000 -0.2344 0.0860 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0011 -0.2665 0.0000 0.0000
Binghamton -0.2411 0.1478 0.0000 -0.2610 0.0860 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0012 -0.2888 0.0000 0.0000
Buffalo -0.2215 0.1478 0.0000 -0.2438 0.0860 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0012 -0.2749 0.0000 0.0000
Massena -0.2431 0.1478 0.0000 -0.2635 0.0860 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0012 -0.2918 0.0000 0.0000
NYC -0.1636 0.1478 0.0000 -0.1898 0.0860 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0010 -0.2264 0.0000 0.0000
Poughkeepsie -0.1958 0.1478 0.0000 -0.2202 0.0860 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0011 -0.2542 0.0000 0.0000
Syracuse -0.2170 0.1478 0.0000 -0.2398 0.0860 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0012 -0.2714 0.0000 0.0000
References
1. NYS TRM V11 - HVAC Interactive Factors (Appendix D) _7_20_2023.xlsx
Available from: https://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/MatterManagement/CaseMaster.aspx?MatterCaseNo=14-M-
0101&CaseSearch=Search
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
9-23-9 10/6/2023

Appendix E: Opaque Shell Measure Savings
APPENDIX E
OPAQUE SHELL MEASURE SAVINGS
SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL INSULATION UPGRADES
Building: Single-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/
Measure kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF
11 51.2 0.065 51.9
13 58.7 0.076 60.3 7.6 0.011 8.3
17 70.2 0.098 72.1 19.1 0.033 20.2 11.5 0.022 11.8
19 74.1 0.098 76.4 23.0 0.033 24.5 15.4 0.022 16.2 3.9 0.000 4.3
21 77.9 0.108 80.0 26.8 0.043 28.1 19.2 0.033 19.7 7.7 0.011 7.9 3.8 0.011 3.6
25 83.0 0.108 85.6 31.9 0.043 33.7 24.3 0.033 25.4 12.8 0.011 13.5 8.9 0.011 9.2
27 85.3 0.119 87.9 34.1 0.054 36.0 26.6 0.043 15.8 15.1 0.022 15.8 11.2 0.022 11.5
Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
Measure kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF
11 772.8 0.043
13 896.3 0.054 123.5 0.011
17 1,065.6 0.065 292.8 0.022 169.3 0.011
19 1,126.6 0.076 353.8 0.033 230.3 0.022 61.0 0.011
21 1,178.0 0.076 405.2 0.033 281.7 0.022 112.4 0.011 51.4 0.000
25 1,257.9 0.076 485.0 0.033 361.6 0.022 192.3 0.011 131.3 0.000
27 1,290.5 0.087 517.7 0.043 224.9 0.033 224.9 0.022 163.9 0.011
Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,192.1 0.065
13 1,382.2 0.076 190.1 0.011
17 1,650.6 0.098 458.5 0.033 268.4 0.022
19 1,748.1 0.098 556.0 0.033 365.9 0.022 97.6 0.000
21 1,830.2 0.108 638.1 0.043 448.0 0.033 179.6 0.011 82.1 0.011
25 1,958.5 0.108 766.4 0.043 576.3 0.033 307.9 0.011 210.4 0.011
27 2,010.2 0.119 818.1 0.054 628.0 0.043 359.6 0.022 262.1 0.022

Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/
Measure kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kW/ kSF
11 1,166.2 00.0
13 1,352.7 00.0 186.5 00.0
17 1,615.2 00.0 449.1 00.0 262.5 00.0
19 1,710.9 00.0 544.8 00.0 358.2 00.0 95.7 00.0
21 1,790.9 00.0 624.8 00.0 438.2 00.0 175.7 00.0 80.0 00.0
25 1,916.9 00.0 750.7 00.0 564.2 00.0 301.6 00.0 205.9 00.0
27 1,967.4 00.0 801.2 00.0 614.7 00.0 352.2 00.0 256.4 00.0
Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/
Measure kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF
11 25.1 00.0 51.9
13 29.2 00.0 60.3 4.0 00.0 8.3
17 34.9 00.0 72.1 9.8 00.0 20.2 5.7 00.0 11.8
19 37.0 00.0 76.4 11.8 00.0 24.5 7.8 00.0 16.2 2.1 00.0 4.3
21 38.7 00.0 80.0 13.5 00.0 28.1 9.5 00.0 19.7 3.8 00.0 7.9 1.7 00.0 3.6
25 41.4 00.0 85.6 16.3 00.0 33.7 12.2 00.0 25.4 6.5 00.0 13.5 4.4 00.0 9.2
27 42.5 00.0 87.9 17.3 00.0 36.0 13.3 00.0 27.6 7.6 00.0 15.8 5.5 00.0 11.5
Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/
Measure kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF
11 336.9 0.119 322.4

19 380.5 0.188 362.3 43.7 0.068 39.9
30 403.4 0.222 385.8 66.6 0.102 63.5 22.9 0.034 23.5
38 414.8 0.239 395.1 78.0 0.119 72.7 34.3 0.051 32.8 11.4 0.017 9.2
49 421.2 0.239 403.1 84.3 0.119 80.7 40.6 0.051 40.8 17.7 0.017 17.2 6.3 0.000 8.0
60 425.4 0.256 408.4 88.6 0.137 86.0 44.9 0.068 46.1 22.0 0.034 22.5 10.6 0.017 13.3

Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,582.8 0.188
19 6,213.0 0.239 630.2 0.051
30 6,570.8 0.273 988.1 0.085 357.8 0.034
38 6,710.4 0.273 1,127.6 0.085 497.4 0.034 139.6 0.000
49 6,828.0 0.290 1,245.2 0.102 615.0 0.051 257.2 0.017 117.6 0.017
60 6,904.8 0.290 1,322.0 0.102 691.8 0.051 334.0 0.017 194.4 0.017
Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 7,631.9 0.119
19 8,563.5 0.188 931.6 0.068
30 9,106.8 0.222 1,474.9 0.102 543.3 0.034
38 9,320.3 0.239 1,688.4 0.119 756.8 0.051 213.5 0.017
49 9,502.6 0.239 1,870.6 0.119 939.1 0.051 395.7 0.017 182.3 0.000
60 9,621.8 0.256 1,989.9 0.137 1,058.4 0.068 515.0 0.034 301.5 0.017
Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 7,449.5 00.0
19 8,356.1 00.0 906.7 00.0
30 8,887.5 00.0 1,438.1 00.0 531.4 00.0
38 9,093.9 00.0 1,644.4 00.0 737.7 00.0 206.3 00.0
49 9,273.5 00.0 1,824.1 00.0 917.4 00.0 386.0 00.0 179.7 00.0
60 9,391.0 00.0 1,941.5 00.0 1,034.8 00.0 503.4 00.0 297.1 00.0
Building: Single-Family City: Albany HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh kWh kWh
Measur kWh/ kW/ therm / therm / therm kWh/ therm/ / therm
e kSF kSF / kSF kSF kW/ kSF / kSF kSF kW/ kSF / kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF / kSF
11 154.6 00.0 322.5
19 173.4 00.0 362.5 18.8 00.0 39.9
30 184.3 00.0 386.0 29.7 00.0 63.5 10.9 00.0 23.5
38 188.6 00.0 395.2 34.0 00.0 72.7 15.2 00.0 32.8 4.3 00.0 9.2
49 192.3 00.0 403.2 37.7 00.0 80.7 18.9 00.0 40.8 8.0 00.0 17.2 3.8 00.0 8.0
60 194.7 00.0 408.5 40.1 00.0 86.0 21.3 00.0 46.1 10.4 00.0 22.5 6.1 00.0 13.3

Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 46.4 0.043 54.2
13 53.7 0.043 62.8 7.3 0.000 8.6
17 64.9 0.054 74.9 18.5 0.011 20.7 11.3 0.011 12.1
19 68.6 0.054 79.3 22.2 0.011 25.1 15.0 0.011 16.6 3.7 0.000 4.4
21 71.3 0.054 83.0 24.9 0.011 28.8 17.7 0.011 20.3 6.4 0.000 8.1 2.7 0.000 3.7
25 76.0 0.054 88.9 29.6 0.011 34.7 22.3 0.011 26.1 11.1 0.000 14.0 7.4 0.000 9.5
27 77.0 0.065 91.2 30.6 0.022 37.0 23.3 0.022 16.3 12.0 0.011 16.3 8.3 0.011 11.8
Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 841.3 0.043
13 972.3 0.043 130.9 0.000
17 1,154.8 0.054 313.5 0.011 182.5 0.011
19 1,221.2 0.054 379.9 0.011 249.0 0.011 66.4 0.000
21 1,275.0 0.054 433.7 0.011 302.7 0.011 120.2 0.000 53.8 0.000
25 1,360.1 0.065 518.8 0.022 387.8 0.022 205.3 0.011 138.8 0.011
27 1,394.0 0.065 552.7 0.022 239.2 0.022 239.2 0.011 172.8 0.011
Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,246.8 0.043
13 1,444.4 0.043 197.6 0.000
17 1,722.6 0.054 475.8 0.011 278.2 0.011
19 1,823.7 0.054 576.8 0.011 379.3 0.011 101.0 0.000
21 1,907.4 0.054 660.6 0.011 463.0 0.011 184.8 0.000 83.8 0.000
25 2,039.8 0.054 793.0 0.011 595.4 0.011 317.1 0.000 216.1 0.000
27 2,091.9 0.065 845.1 0.022 647.5 0.022 369.3 0.011 268.3 0.011

Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,227.4 00.0
13 1,422.0 00.0 194.6 00.0
17 1,694.9 00.0 467.5 00.0 272.9 00.0
19 1,794.4 00.0 567.0 00.0 372.4 00.0 99.5 00.0
21 1,877.4 00.0 650.0 00.0 455.5 00.0 182.5 00.0 83.0 00.0
25 2,007.9 00.0 780.5 00.0 586.0 00.0 313.0 00.0 213.5 00.0
27 2,060.2 00.0 832.8 00.0 638.2 00.0 365.3 00.0 265.8 00.0
Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/
Measure kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF
11 26.9 00.0 54.2
13 31.2 00.0 62.8 4.3 00.0 8.6
17 37.2 00.0 74.9 10.3 00.0 20.7 6.0 00.0 12.1
19 39.3 00.0 79.3 12.5 00.0 25.1 8.1 00.0 16.6 2.2 00.0 4.4
21 41.2 00.0 83.0 14.3 00.0 28.8 10.0 00.0 20.3 4.0 00.0 8.1 1.8 00.0 3.7
25 44.0 00.0 88.9 17.1 00.0 34.7 12.8 00.0 26.1 6.8 00.0 14.0 4.7 00.0 9.5
27 45.2 00.0 91.3 18.3 00.0 37.1 14.0 00.0 28.5 8.0 00.0 16.4 5.9 00.0 11.9
Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 292.5 0.256 320.6
19 327.0 0.290 360.6 34.5 0.034 39.9
30 350.3 0.307 384.0 57.8 0.051 63.3 23.4 0.017 23.4
38 357.0 0.324 393.2 64.5 0.068 72.5 30.0 0.034 32.6 6.7 0.017 9.2
49 366.7 0.324 401.2 74.2 0.068 80.5 39.8 0.034 40.6 16.4 0.017 17.2 9.7 0.000 8.0
60 370.5 0.324 406.5 78.0 0.068 85.8 43.5 0.034 45.9 20.1 0.017 22.5 13.5 0.000 13.3

Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,565.7 0.239
19 6,216.2 0.273 650.5 0.034
30 6,586.5 0.307 1,020.8 0.068 370.3 0.034
38 6,729.7 0.307 1,164.0 0.068 513.5 0.034 143.2 0.000
49 6,857.7 0.307 1,292.0 0.068 641.5 0.034 271.2 0.000 128.0 0.000
60 6,938.4 0.307 1,372.7 0.068 722.2 0.034 351.9 0.000 208.7 0.000
Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 7,602.2 0.256
19 8,528.5 0.290 926.3 0.034
30 9,073.4 0.307 1,471.2 0.051 544.9 0.017
38 9,284.0 0.324 1,681.7 0.068 755.5 0.034 210.6 0.017
49 9,472.2 0.324 1,870.0 0.068 943.7 0.034 398.8 0.017 188.2 0.000
60 9,592.3 0.324 1,990.1 0.068 1,063.8 0.034 518.9 0.017 308.4 0.000
Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 7,464.7 00.0
19 8,375.4 00.0 910.8 00.0
30 8,907.8 00.0 1,443.2 00.0 532.4 00.0
38 9,116.2 00.0 1,651.5 00.0 740.8 00.0 208.4 00.0
49 9,298.5 00.0 1,833.8 00.0 923.0 00.0 390.6 00.0 182.3 00.0
60 9,417.2 00.0 1,952.6 00.0 1,041.8 00.0 509.4 00.0 301.0 00.0
HVAC: Fuel Heat No

Building: Single-Family City: Buffalo AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh kWh kWh
kWh/ kW/ therm / therm / therm kWh/ therm/ / therm
Measure kSF kSF / kSF kSF kW/ kSF / kSF kSF kW/ kSF / kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF / kSF
11 154.9 00.0 320.6
19 173.9 00.0 360.6 18.9 00.0 39.9
30 184.8 00.0 384.0 29.9 00.0 63.3 10.9 00.0 23.4
38 189.2 00.0 393.2 34.3 00.0 72.5 15.4 00.0 32.6 4.4 00.0 9.2
49 193.0 00.0 401.2 38.1 00.0 80.5 19.1 00.0 40.6 8.2 00.0 17.2 3.8 00.0 8.0
60 195.4 00.0 406.5 40.4 00.0 85.8 21.5 00.0 45.9 10.6 00.0 22.5 6.1 00.0 13.3

Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 53.2 0.065 61.7
13 61.1 0.076 71.5 7.9 0.011 9.9
17 72.9 0.087 85.5 19.7 0.022 23.8 11.8 0.011 14.0
19 77.5 0.098 90.7 24.3 0.033 29.0 16.4 0.022 19.2 4.6 0.011 5.2
21 80.2 0.098 94.9 27.0 0.033 33.3 19.1 0.022 23.4 7.3 0.011 9.4 2.7 0.000 4.2
25 87.4 0.108 101.7 34.1 0.043 40.0 26.2 0.033 30.1 14.4 0.022 16.2 9.9 0.011 10.9
27 89.4 0.108 104.4 36.2 0.043 42.7 28.3 0.033 18.9 16.5 0.022 18.9 11.9 0.011 13.7
Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,039.7 0.043
13 1,201.9 0.054 162.3 0.011
17 1,430.7 0.076 391.1 0.033 228.8 0.022
19 1,514.0 0.076 474.3 0.033 312.1 0.022 83.2 0.000
21 1,582.1 0.087 542.4 0.043 380.1 0.033 151.3 0.011 68.1 0.011
25 1,688.9 0.098 649.3 0.054 487.0 0.043 258.2 0.022 174.9 0.022
27 1,734.9 0.098 695.2 0.054 304.1 0.043 304.1 0.022 220.9 0.022
Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,423.9 0.065
13 1,651.2 0.076 227.3 0.011
17 1,971.8 0.087 547.9 0.022 320.6 0.011
19 2,089.2 0.098 665.3 0.033 438.0 0.022 117.4 0.011
21 2,186.2 0.098 762.3 0.033 535.0 0.022 214.4 0.011 97.0 0.000
25 2,341.6 0.108 917.7 0.043 690.4 0.033 369.8 0.022 252.4 0.011
27 2,403.2 0.108 979.3 0.043 752.0 0.033 431.4 0.022 314.0 0.011

Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,400.7 00.0
13 1,624.9 00.0 224.1 00.0
17 1,940.3 00.0 539.6 00.0 315.4 00.0
19 2,055.9 00.0 655.2 00.0 431.1 00.0 115.7 00.0
21 2,152.1 00.0 751.4 00.0 527.2 00.0 211.8 00.0 96.1 00.0
25 2,303.6 00.0 902.9 00.0 678.7 00.0 363.3 00.0 247.7 00.0
27 2,364.8 00.0 964.1 00.0 740.0 00.0 424.6 00.0 308.9 00.0
Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 30.0 00.0 61.7
13 34.9 00.0 71.5 4.9 00.0 9.9
17 41.6 00.0 85.5 11.6 00.0 23.8 6.7 00.0 14.0
19 44.1 00.0 90.7 14.1 00.0 29.0 9.2 00.0 19.2 2.5 00.0 5.2
21 46.2 00.0 94.9 16.2 00.0 33.3 11.3 00.0 23.4 4.6 00.0 9.4 2.1 00.0 4.2
25 49.4 00.0 101.8 19.4 00.0 40.1 14.5 00.0 30.2 7.8 00.0 16.3 5.3 00.0 11.1
27 50.7 00.0 104.5 20.7 00.0 42.8 15.8 00.0 33.0 9.1 00.0 19.0 6.6 00.0 13.8
Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kW/ therm/
Measure kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kSF kSF
11 338.4 0.290 381.2
19 377.0 0.341 429.0 38.6 0.051 47.8
30 400.2 0.375 457.2 61.8 0.085 75.9 23.2 0.034 28.2
38 412.5 0.392 468.3 74.1 0.102 87.0 35.5 0.051 39.2 12.3 0.017 11.1
49 420.6 0.392 477.8 82.3 0.102 96.6 43.7 0.051 48.8 20.5 0.017 20.6 8.2 0.000 9.6
60 426.3 0.410 484.1 87.9 0.119 102.9 49.3 0.068 55.1 26.1 0.034 27.0 13.8 0.017 15.9

Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 7,099.8 0.222
19 7,936.3 0.273 836.5 0.051
30 8,425.4 0.290 1,325.6 0.068 489.1 0.017
38 8,614.0 0.307 1,514.2 0.085 677.6 0.034 188.6 0.017
49 8,776.5 0.307 1,676.6 0.085 840.1 0.034 351.0 0.017 162.5 0.000
60 8,883.6 0.324 1,783.8 0.102 947.3 0.051 458.2 0.034 269.6 0.017
Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 9,089.2 0.290
19 10,202.2 0.341 1,113.0 0.051
30 10,854.3 0.375 1,765.0 0.085 652.0 0.034
38 11,112.8 0.392 2,023.5 0.102 910.6 0.051 258.5 0.017
49 11,336.0 0.392 2,246.8 0.102 1,133.8 0.051 481.7 0.017 223.2 0.000
60 11,481.7 0.410 2,392.5 0.119 1,279.5 0.068 627.5 0.034 368.9 0.017
Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 8,931.1 00.0
19 10,027.6 00.0 1,096.6 00.0
30 10,670.0 00.0 1,738.9 00.0 642.3 00.0
38 10,921.5 00.0 1,990.4 00.0 893.9 00.0 251.5 00.0
49 11,140.6 00.0 2,209.6 00.0 1,113.0 00.0 470.6 00.0 219.1 00.0
60 11,284.0 00.0 2,352.9 00.0 1,256.3 00.0 614.0 00.0 362.5 00.0
Building: Single-family City: Massena HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/
Measure kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF
11 180.4 00.0 381.4
19 202.9 00.0 429.2 22.5 00.0 47.8
30 216.0 00.0 457.3 35.7 00.0 75.9 13.1 00.0 28.2
38 221.3 00.0 468.4 41.0 00.0 87.0 18.4 00.0 39.2 5.3 00.0 11.1
49 225.8 00.0 478.0 45.4 00.0 96.6 22.9 00.0 48.8 9.7 00.0 20.6 4.4 00.0 9.6
60 228.7 00.0 484.3 48.3 00.0 102.9 25.8 00.0 55.1 12.6 00.0 27.0 7.3 00.0 15.9

Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 60.0 0.054 36.6
13 66.7 0.065 42.3 6.6 0.011 5.6
17 80.6 0.076 50.6 20.6 0.022 14.0 14.0 0.011 8.3
19 85.8 0.076 53.7 25.8 0.022 17.0 19.2 0.011 11.4 5.2 0.000 3.0
21 90.1 0.076 56.1 30.0 0.022 19.5 23.4 0.011 13.9 9.4 0.000 5.5 4.2 0.000 2.5
25 95.5 0.087 60.2 35.4 0.033 23.5 28.8 0.022 17.9 14.8 0.011 9.5 9.6 0.011 6.5
27 97.8 0.087 61.7 37.7 0.033 25.0 31.1 0.022 11.1 17.1 0.011 11.1 11.9 0.011 8.0
Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 430.4 0.076
13 493.8 0.087 63.4 0.011
17 590.6 0.098 160.2 0.022 96.8 0.011
19 626.1 0.108 195.6 0.033 132.2 0.022 35.4 0.011
21 654.8 0.108 224.4 0.033 161.0 0.022 64.2 0.011 28.7 0.000
25 698.8 0.108 268.4 0.033 205.0 0.022 108.2 0.011 72.7 0.000
27 717.2 0.119 286.8 0.043 126.6 0.033 126.6 0.022 91.2 0.011
Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 840.8 0.054
13 968.0 0.065 127.2 0.011
17 1,158.0 0.076 317.3 0.022 190.0 0.011
19 1,227.4 0.076 386.6 0.022 259.4 0.011 69.4 0.000
21 1,284.8 0.076 444.1 0.022 316.8 0.011 126.8 0.000 57.4 0.000
25 1,374.3 0.087 533.5 0.033 406.2 0.022 216.2 0.011 146.9 0.011
27 1,410.1 0.087 569.4 0.033 442.1 0.022 252.1 0.011 182.7 0.011

Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 798.1 00.0
13 921.6 00.0 123.6 00.0
17 1,101.2 00.0 303.2 00.0 179.6 00.0
19 1,166.7 00.0 368.6 00.0 245.1 00.0 65.5 00.0
21 1,221.5 00.0 423.5 00.0 299.9 00.0 120.3 00.0 54.8 00.0
25 1,307.6 00.0 509.5 00.0 386.0 00.0 206.4 00.0 140.9 00.0
27 1,341.6 00.0 543.6 00.0 420.0 00.0 240.4 00.0 174.9 00.0
Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ therm/ therm/ therm/ therm/ therm/
Measure kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF
11 17.2 00.0 36.7
13 19.8 00.0 42.4 2.6 00.0 5.6
17 23.7 00.0 50.6 6.5 00.0 13.9 3.9 00.0 8.2
19 25.1 00.0 53.8 7.9 00.0 17.0 5.3 00.0 11.4 1.4 00.0 3.1
21 26.3 00.0 56.3 9.1 00.0 19.5 6.5 00.0 13.9 2.6 00.0 5.6 1.2 00.0 2.5
25 28.3 00.0 60.3 11.1 00.0 23.5 8.5 00.0 17.9 4.6 00.0 9.6 3.1 00.0 6.5
27 29.0 00.0 61.8 11.8 00.0 25.0 9.2 00.0 19.4 5.3 00.0 11.2 3.9 00.0 8.0
Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 415.2 0.307 224.4
19 468.9 0.375 252.4 53.8 0.068 28.0
30 497.8 0.392 268.6 82.6 0.085 44.2 28.8 0.017 16.2
38 508.4 0.410 275.1 93.2 0.102 50.7 39.4 0.034 22.7 10.6 0.017 6.5
49 515.2 0.410 280.5 100.0 0.102 56.1 46.2 0.034 28.2 17.4 0.017 11.9 6.8 0.000 5.5
60 521.8 0.427 284.1 106.7 0.119 59.7 52.9 0.051 31.7 24.1 0.034 15.5 13.5 0.017 9.0

Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 2,988.4 0.341
19 3,333.1 0.410 344.7 0.068
30 3 528.3 0.461 539.9 0.119 195.2 0.051
38 3 604.4 0.478 616.0 0.137 271.3 0.068 76.1 0.017
49 3,665.9 0.478 677.5 0.137 332.8 0.068 137.5 0.017 61.4 0.000
60 3,708.9 0.495 720.5 0.154 375.8 0.085 180.5 0.034 104.4 0.017
Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,338.7 0.307
19 5,996.6 0.375 657.8 0.068
30 6,373.9 0.392 1,035.2 0.085 377.3 0.017
38 6,520.6 0.410 1,181.9 0.102 524.1 0.034 146.8 0.017
49 6,646.8 0.410 1,308.0 0.102 650.2 0.034 272.9 0.017 126.1 0.000
60 6,731.1 0.427 1,392.3 0.119 734.5 0.051 357.2 0.034 210.4 0.017
Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,028.7 00.0
19 5,645.6 00.0 616.9 00.0
30 6,001.4 00.0 972.7 00.0 355.8 00.0
38 6,140.8 00.0 1,112.1 00.0 495.2 00.0 139.4 00.0
49 6,262.6 00.0 1,234.0 00.0 617.1 00.0 261.3 00.0 121.8 00.0
60 6,342.2 00.0 1,313.5 00.0 696.6 00.0 340.8 00.0 201.4 00.0
Building: Single-family City: NYC HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 105.6 00.0 224.4
19 118.4 00.0 252.6 12.8 00.0 28.2
30 125.9 00.0 268.8 20.3 00.0 44.4 7.5 00.0 16.2
38 128.8 00.0 275.1 23.2 00.0 50.7 10.4 00.0 22.5 2.9 00.0 6.3
49 131.4 00.0 280.7 25.8 00.0 56.3 13.0 00.0 28.2 5.5 00.0 11.9 2.6 00.0 5.6
60 133.1 00.0 284.3 27.5 00.0 59.9 14.7 00.0 31.7 7.2 00.0 15.5 4.3 00.0 9.2

Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 49.2 0.033 51.4
13 57.2 0.033 59.6 8.0 0.000 8.2
17 72.6 0.043 71.2 23.4 0.011 19.8 15.4 0.011 11.6
19 74.9 0.043 75.4 25.7 0.011 24.1 17.7 0.011 15.8 2.3 0.000 4.2
21 79.4 0.043 79.0 30.2 0.011 27.6 22.2 0.011 19.4 6.8 0.000 7.8 4.6 0.000 3.6
25 84.5 0.054 84.5 35.3 0.022 33.2 27.3 0.022 24.9 11.9 0.011 13.3 9.6 0.011 9.1
27 88.0 0.054 86.8 38.8 0.022 35.4 30.8 0.022 15.6 15.4 0.011 15.6 13.1 0.011 11.4
Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 760.8 0.033
13 878.8 0.033 118.0 0.000
17 1,046.2 0.043 285.4 0.011 167.4 0.011
19 1,105.9 0.043 345.1 0.011 227.1 0.011 59.7 0.000
21 1,154.8 0.043 394.0 0.011 276.0 0.011 108.6 0.000 48.9 0.000
25 1,233.0 0.054 472.3 0.022 354.2 0.022 186.9 0.011 127.1 0.011
27 1,265.8 0.054 505.0 0.022 219.6 0.022 219.6 0.011 159.9 0.011
Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,175.9 0.033
13 1,363.4 0.033 187.5 0.000
17 1,631.7 0.043 455.8 0.011 268.3 0.011
19 1,726.3 0.043 550.4 0.011 362.9 0.011 94.6 0.000
21 1,807.7 0.043 631.8 0.011 444.3 0.011 176.0 0.000 81.4 0.000
25 1,933.8 0.054 757.9 0.022 570.3 0.022 302.1 0.011 207.5 0.011
27 1,985.6 0.054 809.7 0.022 622.2 0.022 353.9 0.011 259.3 0.011

Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,151.6 00.0
13 1,335.1 00.0 183.5 00.0
17 1,593.5 00.0 441.9 00.0 258.4 00.0
19 1,688.1 00.0 536.4 00.0 352.9 00.0 94.5 00.0
21 1,766.6 00.0 615.0 00.0 431.5 00.0 173.1 00.0 78.6 00.0
25 1,890.3 00.0 738.7 00.0 555.2 00.0 296.8 00.0 202.3 00.0
27 1,939.7 00.0 788.1 00.0 604.6 00.0 346.2 00.0 251.7 00.0
,
Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 25.0 00.0 51.5
13 29.0 00.0 59.6 4.0 00.0 8.1
17 34.7 00.0 71.3 9.6 00.0 19.8 5.6 00.0 11.7
19 36.7 00.0 75.5 11.7 00.0 24.1 7.7 00.0 15.9 2.1 00.0 4.2
21 38.4 00.0 79.1 13.3 00.0 27.6 9.3 00.0 19.5 3.7 00.0 7.8 1.6 00.0 3.6
25 41.1 00.0 84.7 16.0 00.0 33.2 12.0 00.0 25.0 6.4 00.0 13.3 4.3 00.0 9.1
27 42.2 00.0 86.8 17.1 00.0 35.3 13.1 00.0 27.2 7.5 00.0 15.5 5.4 00.0 11.3
Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 344.0 0.188 318.9
19 384.3 0.205 357.8 40.3 0.017 38.9
30 406.0 0.222 380.7 61.9 0.034 61.8 21.7 0.017 22.9
38 416.4 0.239 389.8 72.4 0.051 70.8 32.1 0.034 31.9 10.4 0.017 9.0
49 420.6 0.239 397.6 76.6 0.051 78.7 36.3 0.034 39.8 14.7 0.017 16.9 4.3 0.000 7.8
60 426.3 0.239 402.7 82.3 0.051 83.8 42.0 0.034 44.9 20.3 0.017 22.0 9.9 0.000 13.0

Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,539.8 0.188
19 6,144.0 0.205 604.3 0.017
30 6,488.6 0.222 948.8 0.034 344.5 0.017
38 6,621.2 0.239 1,081.4 0.051 477.1 0.034 132.6 0.017
49 6,737.4 0.239 1,197.6 0.051 593.3 0.034 248.8 0.017 116.2 0.000
60 6,813.0 0.256 1,273.2 0.068 668.9 0.051 324.4 0.034 191.8 0.017
Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 7,544.0 0.188
19 8,444.2 0.205 900.2 0.017
30 8,970.3 0.222 1,426.3 0.034 526.1 0.017
38 9,178.5 0.239 1,634.5 0.051 734.3 0.034 208.2 0.017
49 9,355.3 0.239 1,811.3 0.051 911.1 0.034 385.0 0.017 176.8 0.000
60 9,473.7 0.239 1,929.7 0.051 1,029.5 0.034 503.4 0.017 295.2 0.000
Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 7,354.6 00.0
19 8,232.6 00.0 878.0 00.0
30 8,747.6 00.0 1,393.0 00.0 515.0 00.0
38 8,949.5 00.0 1,594.9 00.0 716.9 00.0 201.9 00.0
49 9,125.8 00.0 1,771.2 00.0 893.2 00.0 378.2 00.0 176.3 00.0
60 9,241.0 00.0 1,886.3 00.0 1,008.4 00.0 493.3 00.0 291.5 00.0
Building: Single-family City: Syracuse HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 154.4 00.0 318.9
19 172.7 00.0 357.8 18.3 00.0 38.9
30 183.3 00.0 380.7 28.8 00.0 61.8 10.6 00.0 22.9
38 187.4 00.0 389.8 32.9 00.0 70.8 14.7 00.0 31.9 4.1 00.0 9.0
49 191.1 00.0 397.6 36.7 00.0 78.7 18.4 00.0 39.8 7.8 00.0 16.9 3.8 00.0 7.8
60 193.5 00.0 402.7 39.1 00.0 83.8 20.8 00.0 44.9 10.2 00.0 22.0 6.1 00.0 13.0

Building: Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
0 11 13 17 19
therm/ therm/ therm/ therm/ therm/
kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF
46.2 0.043 54.0
54.3 0.054 62.6 8.1 0.011 8.7
64.3 0.065 74.8 18.1 0.022 20.8 10.0 0.011 12.1
67.4 0.065 79.2 21.2 0.022 25.3 13.1 0.011 16.6 3.1 0.000 4.4
71.0 0.076 82.9 24.8 0.033 28.9 16.7 0.022 20.3 6.7 0.011 8.1 3.6 0.011 3.7
75.4 0.076 88.7 29.3 0.033 34.7 21.1 0.022 26.0 11.2 0.011 13.9 8.0 0.011 9.4
77.5 0.076 90.9 31.3 0.033 37.0 23.2 0.022 16.2 13.2 0.011 16.2 10.1 0.011 11.7
Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation

0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF
846.0 0.054
978.9 0.054 132.9 0.000
1,165.7 0.065 319.7 0.011 186.9 0.011
1,232.2 0.076 386.2 0.022 253.3 0.022 66.4 0.011
1,288.1 0.076 442.1 0.022 309.2 0.022 122.4 0.011 55.9 0.000
1,374.2 0.087 528.2 0.033 395.3 0.033 208.4 0.022 142.0 0.011
1,407.8 0.087 561.8 0.033 242.0 0.033 242.0 0.022 175.6 0.011
Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
0 11 13 17 19
1,241.4 0.043
1,440.0 0.054 198.6 0.011
1,717.9 0.065 476.5 0.022 277.9 0.011
1,818.7 0.065 577.3 0.022 378.7 0.011 100.8 0.000
1,903.9 0.076 662.5 0.033 463.9 0.022 186.0 0.011 85.2 0.011
2,035.0 0.076 793.6 0.033 595.1 0.022 317.1 0.011 216.3 0.011
2,087.1 0.076 845.8 0.033 647.2 0.022 369.3 0.011 268.5 0.011

Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation

0 11 13 17 19
1,222.6 00.0
1,417.4 00.0 194.8 00.0
1,691.4 00.0 468.8 00.0 274.0 00.0
1,791.5 00.0 568.8 00.0 374.1 00.0 100.0 00.0
1,874.9 00.0 652.3 00.0 457.5 00.0 183.5 00.0 83.5 00.0
2,004.4 00.0 781.8 00.0 587.0 00.0 313.0 00.0 213.0 00.0
2,055.6 00.0 833.0 00.0 638.2 00.0 364.2 00.0 264.1 00.0
Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation

0 11 13 17 19
27.3 00.0 54.0
31.8 00.0 62.6 4.4 00.0 8.7
37.8 00.0 74.8 10.5 00.0 20.8 6.1 00.0 12.1
40.1 00.0 79.2 12.8 00.0 25.3 8.3 00.0 16.6 2.3 00.0 4.4
41.9 00.0 82.9 14.6 00.0 28.9 10.2 00.0 20.3 4.1 00.0 8.1 1.8 00.0 3.7
44.9 00.0 88.7 17.6 00.0 34.7 13.1 00.0 26.0 7.0 00.0 13.9 4.8 00.0 9.4
46.0 00.0 90.9 18.6 00.0 37.0 14.2 00.0 28.3 8.1 00.0 16.2 5.9 00.0 11.7
Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
0 11 19 30 38
311.4 0.290 332.9
350.9 0.341 374.4 39.4 0.051 41.5
369.8 0.358 398.8 58.4 0.068 65.9 18.9 0.017 24.4
377.1 0.375 408.2 65.7 0.085 75.3 26.3 0.034 33.8 7.3 0.017 9.4
385.2 0.392 416.6 73.7 0.102 83.6 34.3 0.051 42.2 15.4 0.034 17.7 8.0 0.017 8.4
389.4 0.392 422.0 78.0 0.102 89.1 38.6 0.051 47.6 19.6 0.034 23.2 12.3 0.017 13.8

Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation

0 11 19 30 38
5,853.1 0.273
6,534.8 0.324 681.7 0.051
6,923.9 0.358 1,070.8 0.085 389.1 0.034
7,075.4 0.358 1,222.4 0.085 540.6 0.034 151.5 0.000
7,208.7 0.375 1,355.6 0.102 673.9 0.051 284.8 0.017 133.3 0.017
7,294.7 0.375 1,441.6 0.102 759.9 0.051 370.8 0.017 219.3 0.017
Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
0 11 19 30 38
7,921.3 0.290
8,887.9 0.341 966.6 0.051
9,449.0 0.358 1,527.6 0.068 561.1 0.017
9,668.3 0.375 1,746.9 0.085 780.4 0.034 219.3 0.017
9,861.9 0.392 1,940.6 0.102 974.1 0.051 413.0 0.034 193.7 0.017
9,987.0 0.392 2,065.7 0.102 1,099.1 0.051 538.1 0.034 318.8 0.017
Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation

0 11 19 30 38
7,775.8 00.0
8,723.0 00.0 947.3 00.0
9,277.1 00.0 1,501.4 00.0 554.1 00.0
9,493.9 00.0 1,718.1 00.0 770.8 00.0 216.7 00.0
9,683.4 00.0 1,907.7 00.0 960.4 00.0 406.3 00.0 189.6 00.0
9,807.0 00.0 2,031.2 00.0 1,084.0 00.0 529.9 00.0 313.1 00.0
Single-family City: Binghamton HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation

0 11 19 30 38
166.0 00.0 333.1
186.3 00.0 374.6 20.3 00.0 41.5
198.1 00.0 398.8 32.1 00.0 65.7 11.8 00.0 24.2
202.7 00.0 408.4 36.7 00.0 75.3 16.4 00.0 33.8 4.6 00.0 9.6
206.8 00.0 416.7 40.8 00.0 83.6 20.5 00.0 42.2 8.7 00.0 17.9 4.1 00.0 8.4
209.4 00.0 422.2 43.3 00.0 89.1 23.0 00.0 47.6 11.3 00.0 23.4 6.7 00.0 13.8

Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ therm/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/
Measure kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF
11 48.3 0.043 46.2
13 53.4 0.054 53.8 5.1 0.011 7.6
17 67.3 0.065 64.4 19.0 0.022 18.2 13.9 0.011 10.6
19 71.0 0.065 68.3 22.7 0.022 22.1 17.6 0.011 14.5 3.7 0.000 3.9
21 73.7 0.076 71.8 25.4 0.033 25.6 20.3 0.022 18.0 6.4 0.011 7.4 2.7 0.011 3.5
25 79.0 0.076 76.8 30.7 0.033 30.7 25.6 0.022 23.1 11.7 0.011 12.5 8.0 0.011 8.6
27 81.7 0.076 78.9 33.4 0.033 32.7 28.3 0.022 14.5 14.4 0.011 14.5 10.7 0.011 10.6
Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 591.6 0.054
13 686.4 0.065 94.8 0.011
17 823.1 0.076 231.5 0.022 136.7 0.011
19 871.1 0.087 279.5 0.033 184.7 0.022 48.0 0.011
21 914.8 0.087 323.2 0.033 228.4 0.022 91.7 0.011 43.7 0.000
25 978.4 0.098 386.8 0.043 292.0 0.033 155.3 0.022 107.3 0.011
27 1,004.0 0.098 412.4 0.043 180.9 0.033 180.9 0.022 132.9 0.011
Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,031.3 0.043
13 1,197.2 0.054 165.8 0.011
17 1,435.7 0.065 404.4 0.022 238.6 0.011
19 1,521.5 0.065 490.1 0.022 324.3 0.011 85.7 0.000
21 1,597.1 0.076 565.8 0.033 400.0 0.022 161.4 0.011 75.7 0.011
25 1,710.1 0.076 678.7 0.033 512.9 0.022 274.3 0.011 188.6 0.011
27 1,755.9 0.076 724.6 0.033 558.7 0.022 320.2 0.011 234.4 0.011

Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,005.0 00.0
13 1,169.5 00.0 164.5 00.0
17 1,399.1 00.0 394.1 00.0 229.6 00.0
19 1,483.0 00.0 478.0 00.0 313.5 00.0 83.9 00.0
21 1,558.0 00.0 553.0 00.0 388.5 00.0 158.9 00.0 75.0 00.0
25 1,667.5 00.0 662.5 00.0 497.9 00.0 268.4 00.0 184.5 00.0
27 1,711.5 00.0 706.5 00.0 541.9 00.0 312.4 00.0 228.5 00.0
Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ therm/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ kWh/ therm/
Measure kSF kW/ kSF kSF kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF therm/ kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF
11 21.8 00.0 46.3
13 25.4 00.0 53.8 3.6 00.0 7.5
17 30.2 00.0 64.5 8.5 00.0 18.2 4.9 00.0 10.7
19 32.1 00.0 68.4 10.3 00.0 22.1 6.7 00.0 14.6 1.8 00.0 3.9
21 33.7 00.0 71.9 11.9 00.0 25.6 8.3 00.0 18.1 3.5 00.0 7.4 1.6 00.0 3.5
25 36.1 00.0 77.0 14.3 00.0 30.7 10.7 00.0 23.2 5.9 00.0 12.5 4.0 00.0 8.6
27 37.0 00.0 79.0 15.2 00.0 32.7 11.6 00.0 25.3 6.7 00.0 14.5 4.9 00.0 10.6
HVAC: AC with Fuel

Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/
Measure kSF kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF
11 333.4 0.410 297.6
19 374.6 0.461 335.5 41.1 0.051 37.9
30 393.0 0.478 357.8 59.6 0.068 60.2 18.4 0.017 22.4
38 402.7 0.495 366.7 69.3 0.085 69.1 28.2 0.034 31.2 9.7 0.017 8.9
49 411.8 0.495 374.6 78.3 0.085 77.0 37.2 0.034 39.1 18.8 0.017 16.7 9.0 0.000 7.8
60 416.7 0.512 379.5 83.3 0.102 81.9 42.2 0.051 44.0 23.7 0.034 21.7 14.0 0.017 12.8

Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,368.1 0.444
19 4,865.2 0.512 497.1 0.068
30 5,151.0 0.529 782.9 0.085 285.8 0.017
38 5,265.7 0.546 897.6 0.102 400.5 0.034 114.7 0.017
49 5,364.7 0.563 996.6 0.119 499.5 0.051 213.7 0.034 99.0 0.017
60 5,427.1 0.563 1,059.0 0.119 561.9 0.051 276.1 0.034 161.4 0.017
Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 6,888.1 0.410
19 7,742.8 0.461 854.8 0.051
30 8,240.6 0.478 1,352.6 0.068 497.8 0.017
38 8,439.1 0.495 1,551.0 0.085 696.2 0.034 198.5 0.017
49 8,613.3 0.495 1,725.3 0.085 870.5 0.034 372.7 0.017 174.2 0.000
60 8,725.8 0.512 1,837.7 0.102 982.9 0.051 485.2 0.034 286.7 0.017
Building: Single-family City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 6,694.7 00.0
19 7,526.8 00.0 832.1 00.0
30 8,017.2 00.0 1,322.5 00.0 490.4 00.0
38 8,209.6 00.0 1,514.8 00.0 682.8 00.0 192.3 00.0
49 8,376.8 00.0 1,682.1 00.0 850.0 00.0 359.6 00.0 167.2 00.0
60 8,486.9 00.0 1,792.2 00.0 960.1 00.0 469.6 00.0 277.3 00.0
City:
Building: Single-family Poughkeepsie HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm
Measure kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF / kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF / kSF
11 140.8 00.0 297.6
19 158.4 00.0 335.5 17.6 00.0 37.9
30 168.6 00.0 358.0 27.8 00.0 60.4 10.2 00.0 22.5
38 172.5 00.0 366.7 31.7 00.0 69.1 14.2 00.0 31.2 3.9 00.0 8.7
49 176.1 00.0 374.4 35.3 00.0 76.8 17.7 00.0 38.9 7.5 00.0 16.4 3.6 00.0 7.7
60 178.3 00.0 379.5 37.5 00.0 81.9 20.0 00.0 44.0 9.7 00.0 21.5 5.8 00.0 12.8

MULTI-FAMILY LOW-RISE INSULATION UPGRADES
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 44.5 0.046 61.0
13 57.4 0.057 80.7 13.0 0.011 19.7
17 77.2 0.069 108.7 32.7 0.023 47.7 19.7 0.011 28.0
19 84.5 0.080 119.0 40.0 0.034 58.0 27.1 0.023 38.3 7.3 0.011 10.3
21 87.9 0.080 128.0 43.5 0.034 67.0 30.5 0.023 47.2 10.8 0.011 19.3 3.4 0.000 8.9
25 99.0 0.092 141.7 54.5 0.046 80.7 41.5 0.034 61.0 21.8 0.023 33.0 14.4 0.011 22.7
27 100.9 0.092 147.2 56.4 0.046 86.2 43.5 0.034 66.5 23.7 0.023 38.5 16.4 0.011 28.2
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 764.5 0.000
13 1,010.1 0.011 245.6 0.000
17 1,348.0 0.034 583.5 0.023 337.9 0.000
19 1,472.4 0.034 707.9 0.023 462.3 0.000 124.4 0.000
21 1,577.3 0.034 812.9 0.023 567.3 0.000 229.3 0.000 104.9 0.000
25 1,743.4 0.046 978.9 0.034 733.3 0.011 395.4 0.011 271.0 0.000
27 1,809.9 0.046 1,045.4 0.034 799.8 0.011 461.9 0.011 337.5 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 989.8 0.000
13 1,301.1 0.011 311.3 0.000
17 1,740.6 0.023 750.8 0.011 439.5 0.000
19 1,901.3 0.034 911.5 0.023 600.2 0.011 160.6 0.000
21 2,032.9 0.034 1,043.1 0.023 731.8 0.011 292.3 0.000 131.6 0.000
25 2,245.8 0.046 1,256.0 0.034 944.7 0.023 505.2 0.011 344.6 0.000
27 2,328.6 0.046 1,338.8 0.034 1,027.5 0.023 588.0 0.011 427.4 0.000

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 980.4 0.0
13 1,289.9 0.0 309.5 0.0
17 1,724.5 0.0 744.1 0.0 434.6 0.0
19 1,883.4 0.0 903.0 0.0 593.5 0.0 158.9 0.0
21 2,015.5 0.0 1,035.1 0.0 725.6 0.0 291.0 0.0 132.1 0.0
25 2,226.0 0.0 1,245.6 0.0 936.1 0.0 501.5 0.0 342.6 0.0
27 2,309.6 0.0 1,329.2 0.0 1,019.7 0.0 585.1 0.0 426.2 0.0
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 35.1 0.0 61.0
13 46.2 0.0 80.7 11.1 0.0 19.7
17 60.9 0.0 108.7 25.8 0.0 47.7 14.7 0.0 28.0
19 66.5 0.0 119.0 31.4 0.0 58.0 20.3 0.0 38.3 5.6 0.0 10.3
21 70.4 0.0 128.0 35.3 0.0 67.0 24.2 0.0 47.2 9.5 0.0 19.3 3.9 0.0 8.9
25 79.3 0.0 141.7 44.3 0.0 80.7 33.1 0.0 61.0 18.5 0.0 33.0 12.8 0.0 22.7
27 82.1 0.0 147.2 47.0 0.0 86.2 35.9 0.0 66.5 21.2 0.0 38.5 15.6 0.0 28.2
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 344.6 0.351 253.9
19 406.0 0.413 301.5 61.3 0.061 47.6
30 443.0 0.448 332.1 98.4 0.097 78.2 37.1 0.035 30.6
38 459.5 0.466 344.5 114.8 0.114 90.6 53.5 0.053 43.0 16.4 0.018 12.4
49 473.2 0.483 355.8 128.5 0.132 101.9 67.2 0.070 54.3 30.1 0.035 23.7 13.7 0.018 11.3
60 481.1 0.492 363.2 136.4 0.141 109.3 75.1 0.079 61.7 38.0 0.044 31.1 21.6 0.026 18.7

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,386.5 0.343
19 5,086.8 0.404 700.3 0.061
30 5,517.8 0.439 1,131.3 0.097 431.0 0.035
38 5,694.0 0.448 1,307.6 0.105 607.2 0.044 176.2 0.009
49 5,849.7 0.466 1,463.2 0.123 762.9 0.061 331.9 0.026 155.7 0.018
60 5,952.4 0.474 1,565.9 0.132 865.6 0.070 434.6 0.035 258.4 0.026
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,034.2 0.351
19 5,883.8 0.413 849.6 0.061
30 6,408.2 0.448 1,374.0 0.097 524.4 0.035
38 6,620.8 0.466 1,586.6 0.114 737.0 0.053 212.6 0.018
49 6,809.0 0.483 1,774.8 0.132 925.2 0.070 400.9 0.035 188.3 0.018
60 6,933.1 0.492 1,899.0 0.141 1,049.4 0.079 525.0 0.044 312.4 0.026
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,849.7 0.0
19 5,667.1 0.0 817.4 0.0
30 6,173.5 0.0 1,323.8 0.0 506.4 0.0
38 6,375.7 0.0 1,526.0 0.0 708.6 0.0 202.2 0.000
49 6,558.3 0.0 1,708.6 0.0 891.2 0.0 384.8 0.000 182.6 0.0
60 6,678.5 0.0 1,828.8 0.0 1,011.3 0.0 505.0 0.000 302.7 0.0
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Albany HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 160.2 0.0 253.9
19 189.3 0.0 301.5 29.2 0.0 47.6
30 208.4 0.0 332.1 48.2 0.0 78.2 19.1 0.0 30.6
38 214.5 0.0 344.5 54.4 0.0 90.6 25.2 0.0 43.0 6.1 0.0 12.4
49 222.4 0.0 355.8 62.3 0.0 101.9 33.1 0.0 54.3 14.1 0.0 23.7 7.9 0.0 11.3
60 226.5 0.0 363.2 66.3 0.0 109.3 37.2 0.0 61.7 18.1 0.0 31.1 11.9 0.0 18.7

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 35.3 0.023 61.7
13 48.8 0.023 81.0 13.5 0.000 19.3
17 62.5 0.034 107.7 27.2 0.011 46.0 13.6 0.011 26.7
19 67.7 0.034 117.5 32.3 0.011 55.8 18.8 0.011 36.6 5.2 0.000 9.9
21 72.6 0.046 125.8 37.3 0.023 64.1 23.7 0.023 44.8 10.1 0.011 18.1 4.9 0.011 8.3
25 80.5 0.046 139.1 45.2 0.023 77.4 31.6 0.023 58.1 18.0 0.011 31.4 12.8 0.011 21.6
27 83.7 0.046 144.5 48.4 0.023 82.8 34.9 0.023 63.5 21.2 0.011 36.8 16.1 0.011 26.9
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 760.8 0.000
13 1,005.4 0.000 244.6 0.000
17 1,336.9 0.011 576.1 0.011 331.5 0.000
19 1,457.6 0.011 696.8 0.011 452.2 0.000 120.7 0.000
21 1,557.4 0.011 796.6 0.011 552.0 0.000 220.5 0.000 99.8 0.000
25 1,716.5 0.023 955.7 0.023 711.2 0.011 379.7 0.011 258.9 0.000
27 1,781.2 0.023 1,020.4 0.023 775.8 0.011 444.3 0.011 323.6 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 964.0 0.000
13 1,275.2 0.000 311.2 0.000
17 1,698.2 0.011 734.2 0.011 423.0 0.000
19 1,852.5 0.011 888.5 0.011 577.3 0.000 154.3 0.000
21 1,982.3 0.023 1,018.3 0.023 707.1 0.011 284.1 0.011 129.8 00.000
25 2,187.0 0.023 1,223.0 0.023 911.8 0.011 488.8 0.011 334.5 00.000
27 2,268.8 0.023 1,304.8 0.023 993.6 0.011 570.6 0.011 416.2 00.000

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 960.2 0.000
13 1,267.2 0.000 307.0 0.000
17 1,690.7 -0.023 730.5 -0.023 423.6 0.000
19 1,843.7 0.000 883.5 0.000 576.5 0.023 153.0 0.000
21 1,975.5 0.000 1015.3 0.000 708.3 0.023 284.7 0.000 131.8 00.000
25 2,177.4 -0.023 1217.2 -0.023 910.2 0.000 486.6 -0.023 333.7 00.000
27 2,260.1 0.000 1299.9 0.000 992.9 0.023 569.3 0.000 416.4 00.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 31.5 0.000 61.7
13 40.8 0.000 81.0 9.3 0.000 19.3
17 55.2 -0.023 107.7 23.6 -0.023 46.0 14.3 0.000 26.7
19 58.7 0.000 117.5 27.2 0.000 55.8 17.9 0.023 36.6 3.6 0.000 9.9
21 65.8 0.000 125.8 34.3 0.000 64.1 25.0 0.023 44.8 10.7 0.000 18.1 7.1 0.000 8.3
25 70.9 -0.023 139.1 39.3 -0.023 77.4 30.0 0.000 58.1 15.7 -0.023 31.4 12.2 0.000 21.6
27 74.9 0.000 144.5 43.3 0.000 82.8 34.1 0.023 63.5 19.7 0.000 36.8 16.2 0.000 26.9
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 283.9 0.193 255.7
19 332.8 0.237 302.5 48.8 0.044 46.7
30 364.2 0.246 332.2 80.3 0.053 76.4 31.5 0.009 29.7
38 377.1 0.255 344.2 93.1 0.061 88.5 44.3 0.018 41.7 12.8 0.009 12.0
49 387.5 0.272 354.8 103.6 0.079 99.1 54.7 0.035 52.4 23.3 0.026 22.7 10.5 0.018 10.6
60 394.8 0.272 361.9 110.9 0.079 106.2 62.0 0.035 59.5 30.6 0.026 29.8 17.7 0.018 17.7

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,262.2 0.193
19 4,950.5 0.228 688.3 0.035
30 5,361.6 0.246 1,099.4 0.053 411.1 0.018
38 5,525.9 0.246 1,263.6 0.053 575.3 0.018 164.3 0.000
49 5,670.6 0.255 1,408.4 0.061 720.1 0.026 309.1 0.009 144.8 0.009
60 5,769.6 0.264 1,507.3 0.070 819.0 0.035 408.0 0.018 243.7 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,017.6 0.193
19 5,846.5 0.237 829.0 0.044
30 6,357.2 0.246 1,339.6 0.053 510.7 0.009
38 6,562.5 0.255 1,544.9 0.061 716.0 0.018 205.3 0.009
49 6,743.3 0.272 1,725.7 0.079 896.8 0.035 386.1 0.026 180.8 0.018
60 6,862.8 0.272 1,845.2 0.079 1,016.3 0.035 505.6 0.026 300.3 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,884.2 0.000
19 5,690.2 -0.044 806.0 0.000
30 6,186.5 -0.018 1,302.3 0.026 496.3 0.000
38 6,385.3 -0.018 1,501.1 0.026 695.1 0.000 198.8 0.000
49 6,561.2 -0.018 1,677.0 0.026 870.9 0.000 374.7 0.000 175.9 0.000
60 6,677.4 -0.018 1,793.2 0.026 987.2 0.000 490.9 0.000 292.1 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 150.6 0.000 255.7
19 176.6 -0.044 302.5 26.0 0.000 46.7
30 193.6 -0.018 332.2 43.0 0.026 76.4 17.0 0 29.7
38 199.9 -0.018 344.2 49.3 0.026 88.5 23.3 0 41.7 6.2 0 12.0
49 205.4 -0.018 354.8 54.8 0.026 99.1 28.8 0 52.4 11.8 0 22.7 5.5 0.000 10.6
60 209.4 -0.018 361.9 58.9 0.026 106.2 32.9 0 59.5 15.8 0 29.8 9.6 0.000 17.7

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 43.1 0.034 68.1
13 56.8 0.046 90.7 13.6 0.011 22.6
17 77.3 0.057 122.9 34.2 0.023 54.8 20.5 0.011 32.2
19 83.0 0.069 134.6 39.9 0.034 66.5 26.3 0.023 43.9 5.7 0.011 11.7
21 87.9 0.069 144.1 44.8 0.034 76.0 31.2 0.023 53.4 10.7 0.011 21.2 4.9 0.000 9.5
25 96.4 0.080 159.7 53.3 0.046 91.6 39.7 0.034 69.0 19.1 0.023 36.8 13.4 0.011 25.1
27 100.4 0.080 166.0 57.3 0.046 97.9 43.7 0.034 75.3 23.2 0.023 43.1 17.4 0.011 31.4
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 933.6 0.000
13 1,229.6 0.011 296.0 0.000
17 1,645.5 0.023 711.8 0.011 415.9 0.000
19 1,795.1 0.034 861.5 0.023 565.5 0.011 149.6 0.000
21 1,921.3 0.034 987.7 0.023 691.8 0.011 275.9 0.000 126.2 00.000
25 2,118.2 0.046 1,184.6 0.034 888.7 0.023 472.8 0.011 323.1 00.000
27 2,195.4 0.046 1,261.8 0.034 965.8 0.023 549.9 0.011 400.3 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,142.6 0.000
13 1,504.5 0.011 361.9 0.000
17 2,034.9 0.023 892.2 0.011 530.3 0.000
19 2,219.4 0.034 1,076.7 0.023 714.8 0.011 184.5 0.000
21 2,373.1 0.034 1,230.5 0.023 868.6 0.011 338.3 0.000 153.8 00.000
25 2,616.9 0.046 1,474.3 0.034 1,112.4 0.023 582.0 0.011 397.5 0.000
27 2,715.5 0.046 1,572.9 0.034 1,211.0 0.023 680.7 0.011 496.2 0.000

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,136.1 0.0
13 1,496.4 0.0 360.3 0.0
17 2,022.1 0.0 886.0 0.0 525.7 0.0
19 2,206.7 0.0 1,070.6 0.0 710.4 00.0 184.6 00.0
21 2,362.3 0.0 1,226.2 0.0 866.0 00.0 340.2 00.0 155.6 00.0
25 2,604.1 0.0 1,468.0 0.0 1,107.7 00.0 581.9 00.0 397.3 00.0
27 2,703.2 0.0 1,567.1 0.0 1,206.9 00.0 681.1 00.0 496.5 00.0
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 36.2 0 68.1
13 48.2 0 90.7 11.9 0 22.6
17 64.4 0 122.8 28.2 0 54.7 16.3 0 32.1
19 70.6 0 134.5 34.4 0 66.4 22.5 0 43.8 6.2 0 11.7
21 76.9 0 144.0 40.7 0 75.9 28.8 0 53.3 12.5 0 21.2 6.3 0.000 9.5
25 83.5 0 159.6 47.2 0 91.5 35.3 0 68.9 19.0 00 36.8 12.8 0.000 25.1
27 88.1 0 166.0 51.8 0 97.9 39.9 0 75.3 23.6 00 43.2 17.4 00.000 31.5
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 350.3 0.404 301.6
19 414.3 0.466 357.2 64.0 0.061 55.6
30 450.0 0.510 392.4 99.7 0.105 90.8 35.7 0.044 35.2
38 466.7 0.527 406.7 116.4 0.123 105.2 52.4 0.061 49.5 16.7 0.018 14.3
49 480.0 0.536 419.7 129.8 0.132 118.2 65.7 0.070 62.5 30.0 0.026 27.3 13.4 0.009 13.0
60 487.8 0.545 428.1 137.6 0.141 126.5 73.5 0.079 70.9 37.9 0.035 35.7 21.2 0.018 21.3

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,933.3 0.387
19 6,907.4 0.457 974.1 0.070
30 7,488.7 0.492 1,555.4 0.105 581.3 0.035
38 7,715.0 0.501 1,781.7 0.114 807.6 0.044 226.3 0.009
49 7,921.5 0.518 1,988.1 0.132 1,014.1 0.061 432.8 0.026 206.4 0.018
60 8,056.0 0.527 2,122.7 0.141 1,148.6 0.070 567.3 0.035 341.0 0.026
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 6,004.7 0.404
19 7,014.4 0.466 1,009.8 0.061
30 7,635.5 0.510 1,630.9 0.105 621.1 0.044
38 7,887.7 0.527 1,883.1 0.123 873.3 0.061 252.2 0.018
49 8,110.2 0.536 2,105.5 0.132 1,095.8 0.070 474.7 0.026 222.4 0.009
60 8,255.6 0.545 2,251.0 0.141 1,241.2 0.079 620.1 0.035 367.9 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,829.0 0.000
19 6,806.8 -0.026 977.8 0.000
30 7,412.7 -0.044 1,583.7 -0.018 605.9 00.000
38 7,655.7 -0.044 1,826.7 -0.018 848.9 00.000 243.0 0.000
49 7,871.7 -0.044 2,042.6 -0.018 1,064.8 00.000 458.9 0.000 215.9 0.000
60 8,014.6 -0.044 2,185.5 -0.018 1,207.8 0.000 601.9 0.000 358.9 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Massena HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 174.8 0.000 301.6
19 206.7 -0.026 357.2 31.9 0.000 55.6
30 227.2 -0.044 392.4 52.4 -0.018 90.8 20.5 0.000 35.2
38 234.7 -0.044 406.7 59.9 -0.018 105.2 28.0 0.000 49.5 7.6 0.000 14.3
49 241.8 -0.044 419.7 66.9 -0.018 118.1 35.1 0.000 62.5 14.6 0.000 27.2 7.0 0.000 12.9
60 247.0 -0.044 428.1 72.2 -0.018 126.5 40.3 0.000 70.9 19.9 0.000 35.7 12.3 0.000 21.3

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 37.8 0.034 44.1
13 51.6 0.046 59.1 13.8 0.011 14.9
17 70.1 0.069 78.9 32.2 0.034 34.7 18.5 0.023 19.8
19 75.2 0.069 86.0 37.4 0.034 41.9 23.6 0.023 26.9 5.2 0.000 7.1
21 79.3 0.080 92.1 41.5 0.046 47.9 27.7 0.034 33.0 9.3 0.011 13.2 4.1 0.011 6.1
25 88.5 0.080 101.6 50.7 0.046 57.4 36.9 0.034 42.5 18.5 0.011 22.7 13.3 0.011 15.6
27 90.8 0.080 105.1 53.0 0.046 61.0 39.2 0.034 46.1 20.8 0.011 26.3 15.6 0.011 19.1
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 469.7 0.000
13 618.2 0.011 148.5 0.000
17 832.5 0.023 362.8 0.011 214.3 0.000
19 908.6 0.023 438.9 0.011 290.4 0.000 76.1 0.000
21 971.4 0.034 501.8 0.023 353.3 0.011 139.0 0.011 62.8 0.000
25 1,070.9 0.034 601.2 0.023 452.7 0.011 238.4 0.011 162.3 0.000
27 1,104.2 0.046 634.6 0.034 486.1 0.023 271.8 0.023 195.6 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 687.5 0.000
13 905.2 0.011 217.6 0.000
17 1,210.0 0.034 522.4 0.023 304.8 0.000
19 1,319.6 0.034 632.0 0.023 414.4 0.000 109.6 0.000
21 1,411.0 0.046 723.4 0.034 505.8 0.011 201.0 0.011 91.4 0.000
25 1,557.0 0.046 869.5 0.034 651.9 0.011 347.1 0.011 237.5 0.000
27 1,603.8 0.046 916.3 0.034 698.7 0.011 393.9 0.011 284.3 0.000

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 673.1 0.0
13 883.3 0.0 210.2 0.0
17 1,178.3 0.0 505.2 0.0 295.0 0.0
19 1,287.4 0.0 614.3 0.0 404.1 0.0 109.0 0.0
21 1,375.9 0.0 702.8 0.0 492.6 0.0 197.6 0.0 88.5 0.0
25 1,518.4 0.0 845.3 0.0 635.1 0.0 340.1 0.0 231.1 0.0
27 1,564.3 0.0 891.2 0.0 681.0 0.0 386.0 0.0 276.9 0.0
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/
Measure kWh/ kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF
11 23.4 0.0 44.1
13 29.6 0.0 59.1 6.2 0.0 14.9
17 38.3 0.0 78.9 14.9 0.0 34.7 8.7 0.0 19.8
19 42.8 0.0 86.0 19.4 0.0 41.9 13.2 0.0 26.9 4.5 0.0 7.1
21 44.3 0.0 92.1 20.9 00.0 47.9 14.7 0.0 33.0 6.0 0.0 13.2 1.5 0.0 6.1
25 49.9 0.0 101.7 26.5 00.0 57.6 20.3 0.0 42.7 11.6 0.0 22.8 7.1 0.0 15.7
27 51.1 0.0 105.1 27.7 0.0 61.0 21.6 0.0 46.1 12.8 0.0 26.3 8.4 0.0 19.1
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 372.7 0.369 181.6
19 436.9 0.430 214.3 64.2 0.061 32.7
30 475.4 0.466 235.4 102.7 0.097 53.9 38.5 0.035 21.2
38 491.4 0.483 243.9 118.8 0.114 62.3 54.6 0.053 29.6 16.1 0.018 8.4
49 505.1 0.492 251.0 132.4 0.123 69.4 68.2 0.061 36.7 29.7 0.026 15.5 13.6 0.009 7.1
60 514.9 0.501 256.1 142.2 0.132 74.5 78.0 0.070 41.8 39.5 0.035 20.6 23.5 0.018 12.2

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 2,594.7 0.351
19 3,016.6 0.413 421.9 0.061
30 3,275.1 0.448 680.5 0.097 258.5 0.035
38 3,379.9 0.466 785.2 0.114 363.3 0.053 104.7 0.018
49 3,472.5 0.474 877.8 0.123 455.9 0.061 197.3 0.026 92.6 0.009
60 3,531.2 0.483 936.6 0.132 514.6 0.070 256.1 0.035 151.4 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 3,591.8 0.369
19 4,183.7 0.430 591.8 0.061
30 4,546.3 0.466 954.5 0.097 362.6 0.035
38 4,692.6 0.483 1,100.8 0.114 508.9 0.053 146.3 0.018
49 4,822.2 0.492 1,230.3 0.123 638.5 0.061 275.8 0.026 129.6 0.009
60 4,908.4 0.501 1,316.5 0.132 724.7 0.070 362.0 0.035 215.8 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 3,350.2 0.0
19 3,900.6 0.0 550.5 0.0
30 4,238.8 0.0 888.6 0.0 338.1 0.0
38 4,375.1 0.0 1,024.9 0.0 474.5 0.0 136.3 0.0
49 4,495.1 0.0 1,145.0 0.0 594.5 0.0 256.3 0.0 120.0 0.0
60 4,574.6 0.0 1,224.5 0.0 674.0 0.0 335.9 0.0 199.5 0.0
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: NYC HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
1, 131.1 0.0 181.6
19 153.9 0.0 214.3 22.8 00.0 32.7
30 167.7 0.0 235.4 36.6 00.0 53.9 13.8 00.0 21.2
38 173.9 0.0 243.9 42.9 00.0 62.3 20.0 00.0 29.6 6.2 00.0 8.4
49 178.1 0.0 251.0 47.0 00.0 69.4 24.2 00.0 36.7 10.4 00.0 15.5 4.1 00.0 7.1
60 181.3 0.0 256.1 50.3 00.0 74.5 27.4 00.0 41.8 13.6 00.0 20.6 7.4 00.0 12.2

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 44.8 0.034 61.3
13 60.0 0.057 80.8 15.1 0.023 19.5
17 79.1 0.069 108.5 34.3 0.034 47.1 19.1 0.011 27.6
19 87.6 0.080 118.7 42.8 0.046 57.3 27.6 0.023 37.8 8.5 0.011 10.2
21 93.7 0.092 127.5 48.8 0.057 66.2 33.7 0.034 46.7 14.6 0.023 19.0 6.1 0.011 8.8
25 103.4 0.092 140.9 58.6 0.057 79.6 43.5 0.034 60.1 24.3 0.023 32.5 15.8 0.011 22.2
27 106.9 0.103 146.5 62.0 0.069 85.2 46.9 0.046 65.7 27.7 0.034 38.1 19.3 0.023 27.9
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 785.3 0.000
13 1,030.8 0.011 245.5 0.000
17 1380.9 0.034 595.6 0.023 350.1 0.000
19 1,506.7 0.046 721.4 0.034 475.9 0.011 125.8 0.000
21 1,613.9 0.046 828.6 0.034 583.1 0.011 233.0 0.000 107.2 00.000
25 1,780.3 0.057 995.0 0.046 749.5 0.023 399.4 0.011 273.6 00.000
27 1,847.5 0.057 1,062.1 0.046 816.6 0.023 466.6 0.011 340.8 00.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,009.1 0.000
13 1,328.2 0.023 319.1 0.000
17 1,775.4 0.034 766.3 0.011 447.2 0.000
19 1,940.4 0.046 931.3 0.023 612.2 0.011 165.0 0.000
21 2,078.0 0.057 1,068.9 0.034 749.8 0.023 302.6 0.011 137.6 00.000
25 2,294.2 0.057 1,285.2 0.034 966.1 0.023 518.9 0.011 353.9 00.000
27 2,380.3 0.069 1,371.3 0.046 1,052.2 0.034 605.0 0.023 440.0 00.000

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,002.1 0.000
13 1,316.7 0.000 314.6 0.000
17 1,762.6 0.000 760.6 0.000 445.9 0.000
19 1,924.7 0.000 922.6 0.000 608.0 0.000 162.0 0.000
21 2,062.4 -0.023 1,060.3 -0.023 745.7 -0.023 299.7 -0.023 137.7 00.000
25 2,277.6 0.000 1,275.5 0.000 960.9 0.000 515.0 0.000 352.9 00.000
27 2,363.4 0.000 1,361.3 0.000 1,046.7 0.000 600.7 0.000 438.7 00.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 38.0 0.000 61.3
13 48.4 0.000 80.8 10.4 0.000 19.5
17 66.3 0.000 108.5 28.3 0.000 47.1 17.9 0.000 27.6
19 71.9 0.000 118.7 33.9 0.000 57.3 23.5 0.000 37.8 5.6 0.000 10.2
21 78.0 -0.023 127.5 40.0 -0.023 66.2 29.6 -0.023 46.7 11.7 -0.023 19.0 6.1 00.000 8.8
25 86.7 0.000 140.9 48.7 0.000 79.6 38.3 0.000 60.1 20.4 0.000 32.5 14.8 00.000 22.2
27 89.9 0.000 146.5 51.9 0.000 85.2 41.5 0.000 65.7 23.6 0.000 38.1 18.0 00.000 27.9
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 351.8 0.290 248.3
19 414.0 0.351 294.7 62.1 0.061 46.5
30 454.5 0.395 324.4 102.7 0.105 76.2 40.6 0.044 29.7
38 470.3 0.413 337.3 118.4 0.123 89.0 56.3 0.061 42.5 15.7 0.018 12.8
49 485.1 0.430 348.6 133.3 0.141 100.3 71.2 0.079 53.9 30.6 0.035 24.2 14.8 0.018 11.3
60 494.8 0.439 356.7 142.9 0.149 108.4 80.8 0.088 61.9 40.2 0.044 32.2 24.5 0.026 19.4

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,182.6 0.290
19 4,851.0 0.351 668.4 0.061
30 5,270.0 0.387 1,087.3 0.097 419.0 0.035
38 5,441.1 0.404 1,258.5 0.114 590.1 0.053 171.1 0.018
49 5,593.8 0.422 1,411.1 0.132 742.8 0.070 323.8 0.035 152.7 0.018
60 5,693.9 0.430 1,511.3 0.141 842.9 0.079 424.0 0.044 252.8 0.026
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,874.3 0.290
19 5,701.5 0.351 827.2 0.061
30 6,220.2 0.395 1,345.9 0.105 518.7 0.044
38 6,431.1 0.413 1,556.8 0.123 729.6 0.061 210.9 0.018
49 6,620.7 0.430 1,746.4 0.141 919.2 0.079 400.5 0.035 189.6 0.018
60 6,745.7 0.439 1,871.4 0.149 1,044.2 0.088 525.5 0.044 314.6 0.026
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,685.6 0.000
19 5,480.2 -0.044 794.6 0.000
30 5,977.4 -0.044 1,291.8 0.000 497.2 0.000
38 6,181.4 -0.061 1,495.8 -0.018 701.2 -0.018 204.0 0.000
49 6,362.0 -0.061 1,676.4 -0.018 881.8 -0.018 384.6 0.000 180.6 0.000
60 6,481.5 -0.061 1,795.9 -0.018 1,001.3 -0.018 504.1 0.000 300.1 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 163.3 0.000 248.3
19 192.7 -0.044 294.7 29.4 0.000 46.5
30 211.9 -0.044 324.4 48.6 0.000 76.2 19.2 0.000 29.7
38 220.7 -0.061 337.3 57.4 -0.018 89.0 27.9 -0.018 42.5 8.8 0.000 12.8
49 226.7 -0.061 348.6 63.3 -0.018 100.3 33.9 -0.018 53.9 14.8 0.000 24.2 6.0 0.000 11.3
60 230.7 -0.061 356.7 67.4 -0.018 108.4 38.0 -0.018 61.9 18.8 0.000 32.2 10.0 0.000 19.4

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 41.6 0.023 62.8
13 55.7 0.034 82.8 14.1 0.011 20.0
17 73.2 0.046 112.0 31.5 0.023 49.2 17.4 0.011 29.2
19 80.7 0.046 122.7 39.1 0.023 59.9 25.0 0.011 39.9 7.6 0.000 10.7
21 87.5 0.046 132.1 45.9 0.023 69.3 31.8 0.011 49.3 14.3 0.000 20.1 6.8 0.000 9.4
25 96.2 0.057 146.5 54.6 0.034 83.7 40.5 0.023 63.8 23.0 0.011 34.5 15.5 0.011 23.9
27 99.8 0.057 152.2 58.1 0.034 89.3 44.0 0.023 69.4 26.6 0.011 40.1 19.0 0.011 29.5
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 791.9 0.000
13 1,040.8 0.011 248.9 0.000
17 1,395.4 0.023 603.5 0.011 354.5 0.000
19 1,524.5 0.023 732.6 0.011 483.7 0.000 129.1 0.000
21 1,633.2 0.023 841.3 0.011 592.4 0.000 237.8 0.000 108.7 0.000
25 1,802.5 0.034 1,010.7 0.023 761.7 0.011 407.2 0.011 278.1 0.000
27 1,869.7 0.034 1,077.9 0.023 828.9 0.011 474.4 0.011 345.3 0.000
HVAC: AC with Electric

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,019.7 0.000
13 1,341.6 0.011 321.9 0.000
17 1,793.1 0.023 773.4 0.011 451.6 0.000
19 1,960.3 0.023 940.6 0.011 618.7 0.000 167.2 0.000
21 2,101.1 0.023 1,081.4 0.011 759.5 0.000 308.0 0.000 140.8 0.000
25 2,319.2 0.034 1,299.5 0.023 977.6 0.011 526.1 0.011 358.9 0.000
27 2,406.7 0.034 1,387.0 0.023 1,065.1 0.011 613.6 0.011 446.4 0.000

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 1,014.6 0.000
13 1,333.0 0.000 318.4 0.000
17 1,785.0 0.011 770.4 0.011 452.0 0.000
19 1,950.6 0.011 936.0 0.011 617.6 0.000 165.6 0.000
21 2,089.0 0.011 1,074.4 0.011 756.0 0.000 304.0 0.000 138.4 0.000
25 2,307.5 0.023 1,293.0 0.023 974.5 0.011 522.5 0.011 357.0 0.000
27 2,394.3 0.023 1,379.8 0.023 1,061.3 0.011 609.3 0.011 443.8 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 36.6 0.000 62.8
13 47.1 0.000 82.8 10.5 0.000 20.0
17 64.9 0.011 112.0 28.3 0.011 49.2 17.8 0.000 29.2
19 71.2 0.011 122.7 34.6 0.011 59.9 24.1 0.000 39.9 6.3 0.000 10.7
21 75.2 0.011 132.1 38.6 0.011 69.3 28.1 0.000 49.3 10.3 0.000 20.1 4.0 0.000 9.4
25 84.5 0.023 146.4 47.9 0.023 83.6 37.4 0.011 63.6 19.6 0.011 34.4 13.3 0.000 23.7
27 87.3 0.023 152.2 50.7 0.023 89.3 40.1 0.011 69.4 22.4 0.011 40.1 16.1 0.000 29.5
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/
Measure kSF kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF
11 301.9 0.264 257.9
19 356.6 0.307 306.3 54.7 0.044 48.4
30 392.1 0.343 337.3 90.2 0.079 79.3 35.5 0.035 30.9
38 404.6 0.351 350.3 102.7 0.088 92.4 48.0 0.044 44.0 12.5 0.009 13.1
49 417.3 0.360 360.9 115.4 0.097 103.0 60.7 0.053 54.6 25.2 0.018 23.6 12.7 0.009 10.5
60 424.9 0.369 368.4 123.1 0.105 110.4 68.3 0.061 62.0 32.9 0.026 31.1 20.4 0.018 18.0
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,382.6 0.255
19 5,099.3 0.299 716.7 0.044
30 5,544.9 0.334 1,162.3 0.079 445.7 0.035
38 5,723.0 0.343 1,340.4 0.088 623.7 0.044 178.1 0.009
49 5,881.2 0.351 1,498.6 0.097 782.0 0.053 336.3 0.018 158.2 0.009

60 5,987.4 0.360 1,604.8 0.105 888.2 0.061 442.5 0.026 264.4 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 5,076.3 0.264
19 5,946.5 0.307 870.2 0.044
30 6,484.6 0.343 1,408.2 0.079 538.1 0.035
38 6,698.7 0.351 1,622.3 0.088 752.2 0.044 214.1 0.009
49 6,890.3 0.360 1,813.9 0.097 943.8 0.053 405.7 0.018 191.6 0.009
60 7,015.9 0.369 1,939.6 0.105 1,069.4 0.061 531.3 0.026 317.2 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,935.8 0.000
19 5,778.6 0.018 842.8 0.000
30 6,301.2 0.026 1,365.5 0.009 522.6 0.000
38 6,510.2 0.026 1,574.5 0.009 731.6 0.000 209.0 0.000
49 6,696.9 0.026 1,761.1 0.009 918.3 0.000 395.7 0.000 186.7 0.000
60 6,818.9 0.026 1,883.1 0.009 1,040.2 0.000 517.6 0.000 308.6 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
Measur kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/ kWh/ kW/ therm/
e kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF kSF
11 161.2 0.000 257.9
19 188.5 0.018 306.3 27.3 0.000 48.4
30 208.6 0.026 337.3 47.4 0.009 79.3 20.1 0.000 30.9
38 215.9 0.026 350.3 54.7 0.009 92.4 27.4 0.000 44.0 7.3 0.000 13.1
49 223.8 0.026 360.9 62.5 0.009 103.0 35.2 0.000 54.6 15.1 0.000 23.6 7.8 0.000 10.5
60 227.8 0.026 368.4 66.6 0.009 110.4 39.3 0.000 62.0 19.2 0.000 31.1 11.9 0.000 18.0

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 39.4 0.023 61.6
13 53.3 0.023 81.6 13.9 0.000 20.1
17 69.3 0.046 110.9 29.8 0.023 49.3 15.9 0.023 29.2
19 77.4 0.046 121.8 38.0 0.023 60.2 24.1 0.023 40.1 8.1 0.000 10.9
21 82.7 0.046 130.7 43.2 0.023 69.1 29.4 0.023 49.1 13.4 0.000 19.8 5.3 0.000 8.9
25 91.5 0.057 145.3 52.1 0.034 83.7 38.2 0.034 63.6 22.2 0.011 34.4 14.1 0.011 23.5
27 94.8 0.057 151.1 55.4 0.034 89.6 41.5 0.034 69.5 25.6 0.011 40.2 17.4 0.011 29.4
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 663.6 0.000
13 873.5 0.011 210.0 0.000
17 1,171.2 0.023 507.6 0.011 297.7 0.000
19 1,284.4 0.023 620.8 0.011 410.8 0.000 113.2 0.000
21 1,374.0 0.023 710.5 0.011 500.5 0.000 202.8 0.000 89.7 0.000
25 1,519.1 0.034 855.5 0.023 645.6 0.011 347.9 0.011 234.7 0.000
27 1,577.0 0.034 913.4 0.023 703.5 0.011 405.8 0.011 292.6 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 867.7 0.000
13 1,144.5 0.000 276.8 0.000
17 1,532.2 0.023 664.5 0.023 387.7 0.000
19 1,676.5 0.023 808.9 0.023 532.0 0.000 144.4 0.000
21 1,795.8 0.023 928.1 0.023 651.3 0.000 263.6 0.000 119.3 0.000
25 1,984.6 0.034 1,117.0 0.034 840.2 0.011 452.5 0.011 308.1 0.000
27 2,060.1 0.034 1,192.4 0.034 915.6 0.011 527.9 0.011 383.6 0.000

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 863.4 0.000
13 1,137.9 0.000 274.5 0.000
17 1,524.7 0.000 661.3 0.000 386.8 0.000
19 1,666.8 0.023 803.3 0.023 528.8 0.023 142.1 0.000
21 1,786.3 0.023 922.8 0.023 648.3 0.023 261.6 0.000 119.5 0.000
25 1,974.8 0.000 1,111.3 0.000 836.8 0.000 450.1 -0.023 308.0 0.000
27 2,050.5 0.000 1,187.0 0.000 912.5 0.000 525.7 -0.023 383.7 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Fuel Heat, no AC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 35.4 0.000 61.6
13 47.0 0.000 81.8 11.6 0.000 20.2
17 62.1 0.000 110.9 26.7 0.000 49.3 15.1 0.000 29.1
19 67.9 0.023 121.8 32.5 0.023 60.2 20.9 0.023 40.0 5.7 0.000 10.9
21 73.4 0.023 130.6 38.0 0.023 69.0 26.4 0.023 48.8 11.2 0.000 19.7 5.5 0.000 8.8
25 81.8 0.000 145.3 46.3 0.000 83.7 34.7 0.000 63.5 19.6 -0.023 34.4 13.9 0.000 23.5
27 85.2 0.000 151.2 49.8 0.000 89.7 38.2 0.000 69.5 23.0 -0.023 40.4 17.3 0.000 29.5
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: AC with Fuel Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 357.2 0.343 246.5
19 423.3 0.395 298.1 66.1 0.053 51.6
30 464.6 0.430 332.0 107.4 0.088 85.5 41.3 0.035 33.9
38 481.2 0.448 346.5 124.0 0.105 100.0 57.9 0.053 48.4 16.6 0.018 14.5
49 495.7 0.457 359.4 138.5 0.114 112.9 72.5 0.061 61.3 31.2 0.026 27.4 14.6 0.009 12.9
60 504.6 0.466 368.1 147.4 0.123 121.6 81.3 0.070 70.0 40.1 0.035 36.1 23.5 0.018 21.6

Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Heat Pump Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 3,838.4 0.334
19 4,496.7 0.387 658.4 0.053
30 4,908.8 0.422 1,070.5 0.088 412.1 0.035
38 5,074.2 0.439 1,235.9 0.105 577.5 0.053 165.4 0.018
49 5,221.4 0.448 1,383.0 0.114 724.7 0.061 312.6 0.026 147.1 0.009
60 5,317.8 0.448 1,479.4 0.114 821.0 0.061 408.9 0.026 243.5 0.009
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: AC with Electric Heat Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,482.9 0.343
19 5,283.0 0.395 800.1 0.053
30 5,783.2 0.430 1,300.3 0.088 500.2 0.035
38 5,985.8 0.448 1,502.9 0.105 702.8 0.053 202.6 0.018
49 6,165.8 0.457 1,682.9 0.114 882.8 0.061 382.6 0.026 180.0 0.009
60 6,284.3 0.466 1,801.4 0.123 1001.3 0.070 501.1 0.035 298.5 0.018
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Electric Heat, no AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 4,298.9 0.000
19 5,064.3 -0.018 765.4 0.000
30 5,544.0 -0.018 1,245.1 0.000 479.7 0.000
38 5,738.0 -0.018 1,439.2 0.000 673.7 0.000 194.1 0.000
49 5,911.7 -0.018 1,612.8 0.000 847.4 0.000 367.7 0.000 173.7 0.000
60 6,026.6 -0.018 1,727.8 0.000 962.3 0.000 482.6 0.000 288.6 0.000
Building: Multi-Family Low-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Fuel Heat No AC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 173.1 0.000 246.5
19 204.6 -0.018 298.1 31.5 0.000 51.6
30 225.4 -0.018 332.0 52.4 0.000 85.5 20.8 0.000 33.9
38 233.5 -0.018 346.5 60.4 0.000 100.0 28.9 0.000 48.4 8.1 0.000 14.5
49 241.5 -0.018 359.5 68.4 0.000 113.0 36.9 0.000 61.4 16.1 0.000 27.5 8.0 0.000 13.0
60 246.8 -0.018 368.2 73.7 0.000 121.7 42.2 0.000 70.1 21.3 0.000 36.2 13.3 0.000 21.7

MULTI-FAMILY HIGH-RISE INSULATION UPGRADES

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Albany HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 14.6 0.008 51.3
13 18.9 0.014 67.0 4.3 0.005 15.7
17 24.7 0.016 88.9 10.1 0.008 37.5 5.8 0.003 21.8
19 26.8 0.019 96.9 12.2 0.011 45.6 7.9 0.005 29.9 2.1 0.003 8.1
21 28.5 0.022 103.6 13.9 0.014 52.2 9.6 0.008 36.5 3.8 0.005 14.7 1.7 0.003 6.6
25 31.0 0.022 113.5 16.3 0.014 62.2 12.0 0.008 46.5 6.2 0.005 24.7 4.2 0.003 16.6
27 32.0 0.024 117.6 17.4 0.016 66.3 13.1 0.011 50.6 7.3 0.008 28.7 5.2 0.005 20.7
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Albany HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 138.1 0.254 411.4
19 150.5 0.263 476.4 12.4 0.009 65.0
30 156.8 0.281 515.6 18.8 0.026 104.2 6.3 0.018 39.2
38 159.1 0.281 531.1 21.0 0.026 119.7 8.6 0.018 54.7 2.3 0.000 15.5
49 160.9 0.298 545.2 22.9 0.044 133.9 10.4 0.035 68.8 4.1 0.018 29.6 1.8 0.018 14.1
60 162.1 0.307 554.7 24.0 0.053 143.3 11.6 0.044 78.3 5.3 0.026 39.1 3.0 0.026 23.6
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Albany HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ therm/ kWh/ kWh/ therm/
Measure kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF kSF kW/ kSF therm/ kSF kSF kW/ kSF kSF
11 0.0 0.0 57.2
13 0.0 0.0 74.7 0.0 0.0 17.5
17 0.0 0.0 99.0 0.0 0.0 41.8 0.0 0.0 24.3
19 0.0 0.0 108.0 0.0 0.0 50.8 0.0 0.0 33.3 0.0 0.0 9.0
21 0.0 0.0 115.4 0.0 0.0 58.2 0.0 0.0 40.7 0.0 0.0 16.4 0.0 0.0 7.4
25 0.0 0.0 126.5 0.0 0.0 69.3 0.0 0.0 51.8 0.0 0.0 27.5 0.0 0.0 18.5
27 0.0 0.0 131.1 0.0 0.0 73.9 0.0 0.0 56.4 0.0 0.0 32.0 0.0 0.0 23.1

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Albany HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 0.0 0.0 458.4
19 0.0 0.0 530.9 0.0 0.0 72.5
30 0.0 0.0 574.5 0.0 0.0 116.1 0.0 0.0 43.7
38 0.0 0.0 591.8 0.0 0.0 133.4 0.0 0.0 60.9 0.0 0.0 17.3
49 0.0 0.0 607.5 0.0 0.0 149.2 0.0 0.0 76.7 0.0 0.0 33.0 0.0 0.0 15.7
60 0.0 0.0 618.1 0.0 0.0 159.7 0.0 0.0 87.2 0.0 0.0 43.6 0.0 0.0 26.3
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 10.2 0.005 52.3
13 13.2 0.008 68.8 3.0 0.003 16.5
17 17.3 0.011 91.8 7.1 0.005 39.5 4.1 0.003 23.0
19 18.7 0.011 100.0 8.5 0.005 47.7 5.5 0.003 31.2 1.4 0.000 8.2
21 19.9 0.014 106.8 9.7 0.008 54.5 6.7 0.005 38.0 2.6 0.003 15.0 1.2 0.003 6.8
25 21.7 0.014 117.4 11.4 0.008 65.1 8.4 0.005 48.6 4.4 0.003 25.6 3.0 0.003 17.4
27 22.4 0.014 121.7 12.2 0.008 69.4 9.1 0.005 52.9 5.1 0.003 29.9 3.7 0.003 21.7
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 110.0 0.079 406.5
19 117.0 0.105 468.2 7.0 0.026 61.7
30 120.1 0.123 506.7 10.1 0.044 100.3 3.1 0.018 38.6
38 121.0 0.131 521.7 11.0 0.053 115.2 3.9 0.026 53.5 0.9 0.009 14.9
49 121.7 0.131 535.6 11.7 0.053 129.1 4.6 0.026 67.4 1.6 0.009 28.8 0.7 0.000 13.9
60 122.1 0.140 544.5 12.1 0.061 138.1 5.1 0.035 76.3 2.0 0.018 37.8 1.1 0.009 22.9

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 0.0 0.0 58.3
13 0.0 0.0 76.7 0.0 0.0 18.4
17 0.0 0.0 102.3 0.0 0.0 44.0 0.0 0.0 25.6
19 0.0 0.0 111.4 0.0 0.0 53.1 0.0 0.0 34.8 0.0 0.0 9.1
21 0.0 0.0 119.0 0.0 0.0 60.7 0.0 0.0 42.4 0.0 0.0 16.7 0.0 0.0 7.6
25 0.0 0.0 130.8 0.0 0.0 72.5 0.0 0.0 54.1 0.0 0.0 28.5 0.0 0.0 19.4
27 0.0 0.0 135.6 0.0 0.0 77.3 0.0 0.0 59.0 0.0 0.0 33.3 0.0 0.0 24.2
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Buffalo HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 0.0 0.0 452.9
19 0.0 0.0 521.7 0.0 0.0 68.8
30 0.0 0.0 564.7 0.0 0.0 111.7 0.0 0.0 43.0
38 0.0 0.0 581.3 0.0 0.0 128.3 0.0 0.0 59.6 0.0 0.0 16.6
49 0.0 0.0 596.8 0.0 0.0 143.9 0.0 0.0 75.1 0.0 0.0 32.1 0.0 0.0 15.5
60 0.0 0.0 606.8 0.0 0.0 153.8 0.0 0.0 85.1 0.0 0.0 42.1 0.0 0.0 25.5
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Massena HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 17.9 0.016 61.3
13 23.2 0.024 80.3 5.3 0.008 19.0
17 30.5 0.033 106.3 12.6 0.016 45.0 7.3 0.008 26.0
19 33.1 0.035 115.6 15.2 0.019 54.3 9.9 0.011 35.3 2.6 0.003 9.4
21 35.3 0.038 123.6 17.4 0.022 62.3 12.1 0.014 43.3 4.8 0.005 17.3 2.2 0.003 8.0
25 38.6 0.041 136.0 20.8 0.024 74.7 15.4 0.016 55.7 8.1 0.008 29.7 5.5 0.005 20.3
27 40.0 0.044 140.9 22.1 0.027 79.6 16.8 0.019 60.6 9.5 0.011 34.6 6.9 0.008 25.3

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Massena HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 130.3 0.149 481.9
19 140.4 0.175 556.3 10.1 0.026 74.3
30 145.5 0.193 601.4 15.2 0.044 119.5 5.1 0.018 45.1
38 147.3 0.210 619.5 16.9 0.061 137.5 6.8 0.035 63.2 1.8 0.018 18.1
49 148.8 0.219 635.5 18.4 0.070 153.6 8.3 0.044 79.2 3.2 0.026 34.1 1.5 0.009 16.0
60 149.5 0.228 645.7 19.2 0.079 163.7 9.1 0.053 89.4 4.0 0.035 44.3 2.3 0.018 26.2
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Massena HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 0.0 0.0 68.3
13 0.0 0.0 89.5 0.0 0.0 21.2
17 0.0 0.0 118.4 0.0 0.0 50.1 0.0 0.0 28.9
19 0.0 0.0 128.9 0.0 0.0 60.5 0.0 0.0 39.4 0.0 0.0 10.4
21 0.0 0.0 137.7 0.0 0.0 69.4 0.0 0.0 48.2 0.0 0.0 19.3 0.0 0.0 8.9
25 0.0 0.0 151.5 0.0 0.0 83.2 0.0 0.0 62.0 0.0 0.0 33.1 0.0 0.0 22.7
27 0.0 0.0 157.0 0.0 0.0 88.7 0.0 0.0 67.5 0.0 0.0 38.6 0.0 0.0 28.2
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Massena HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 0.0 0.0 537.0
19 0.0 0.0 619.9 0.0 0.0 82.8
30 0.0 0.0 670.2 0.0 0.0 133.1 0.0 0.0 50.3
38 0.0 0.0 690.3 0.0 0.0 153.3 0.0 0.0 70.4 0.0 0.0 20.1
49 0.0 0.0 708.1 0.0 0.0 171.1 0.0 0.0 88.3 0.0 0.0 38.0 0.0 0.0 17.9
60 0.0 0.0 719.5 0.0 0.0 182.5 0.0 0.0 99.6 0.0 0.0 49.3 0.0 0.0 29.2

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: NYC HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 36.2 0.008 35.5
13 47.2 0.011 46.2 11.0 0.003 10.7
17 62.4 0.016 61.2 26.2 0.008 25.7 15.2 0.005 15.0
19 67.9 0.016 66.5 31.7 0.008 30.9 20.6 0.005 20.3 5.5 0.000 5.2
21 72.4 0.019 71.1 36.2 0.011 35.5 25.2 0.008 24.9 10.0 0.003 9.8 4.5 0.003 4.6
25 79.5 0.019 78.3 43.2 0.011 42.8 32.2 0.008 32.1 17.1 0.003 17.1 11.6 0.003 11.9
27 82.3 0.022 81.0 46.0 0.014 45.5 35.0 0.011 34.8 19.9 0.005 19.8 14.4 0.005 14.6
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: NYC HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 279.9 0.114 285.9
19 315.5 0.149 333.4 35.6 0.035 47.5
30 335.8 0.175 361.7 55.9 0.061 75.8 20.3 0.026 28.3
38 343.6 0.184 373.5 63.7 0.070 87.7 28.1 0.035 40.1 7.8 0.009 11.8
49 350.4 0.193 382.9 70.5 0.079 97.0 34.9 0.044 49.5 14.6 0.018 21.2 6.7 0.009 9.4
60 354.8 0.202 390.3 74.9 0.088 104.4 39.3 0.053 56.9 18.9 0.026 28.6 11.1 0.018 16.7
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: NYC HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 0.0 0.0 39.6
13 0.0 0.0 51.5 0.0 0.0 11.9
17 0.0 0.0 68.2 0.0 0.0 28.6 0.0 0.0 16.8
19 0.0 0.0 74.1 0.0 0.0 34.5 0.0 0.0 22.6 0.0 0.0 5.8
21 0.0 0.0 79.2 0.0 0.0 39.6 0.0 0.0 27.7 0.0 0.0 10.9 0.0 0.0 5.1
25 0.0 0.0 87.3 0.0 0.0 47.7 0.0 0.0 35.8 0.0 0.0 19.0 0.0 0.0 13.2
27 0.0 0.0 90.3 0.0 0.0 50.7 0.0 0.0 38.8 0.0 0.0 22.1 0.0 0.0 16.2

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: NYC HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 0.0 0.0 318.5
19 0.0 0.0 371.5 0.0 0.0 52.9
30 0.0 0.0 403.0 0.0 0.0 84.5 0.0 0.0 31.5
38 0.0 0.0 416.2 0.0 0.0 97.7 0.0 0.0 44.7 0.0 0.0 13.2
49 0.0 0.0 426.6 0.0 0.0 108.1 0.0 0.0 55.2 0.0 0.0 23.6 0.0 0.0 10.5
60 0.0 0.0 434.9 0.0 0.0 116.3 0.0 0.0 63.4 0.0 0.0 31.8 0.0 0.0 18.7
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 16.1 0.014 50.6
13 20.9 0.019 66.1 4.8 0.005 15.5
17 27.4 0.024 87.7 11.2 0.011 37.1 6.5 0.005 21.6
19 29.6 0.027 95.5 13.5 0.014 44.9 8.8 0.008 29.4 2.3 0.003 7.8
21 31.5 0.030 102.0 15.4 0.016 51.4 10.6 0.011 35.9 4.2 0.005 14.3 1.9 0.003 6.4
25 34.4 0.033 112.5 18.3 0.019 61.8 13.5 0.014 46.3 7.0 0.008 24.7 4.8 0.005 16.9
27 35.5 0.033 116.8 19.4 0.019 66.2 14.7 0.014 50.7 8.2 0.008 29.1 5.9 0.005 21.3
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 153.8 0.289 403.0
19 166.6 0.359 466.0 12.8 0.070 63.0
30 172.8 0.403 503.8 18.9 0.114 100.8 6.1 0.044 37.8
38 174.8 0.421 519.9 21.0 0.131 116.9 8.2 0.061 53.9 2.0 0.018 16.1
49 176.5 0.447 534.9 22.6 0.158 131.9 9.8 0.088 68.9 3.7 0.044 31.1 1.7 0.026 15.0
60 177.5 0.456 543.7 23.7 0.167 140.7 10.9 0.096 77.7 4.7 0.053 39.9 2.7 0.035 23.8

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 0.0 0.0 56.4
13 0.0 0.0 73.7 0.0 0.0 17.3
17 0.0 0.0 97.7 0.0 0.0 41.3 0.0 0.0 24.1
19 0.0 0.0 106.5 0.0 0.0 50.1 0.0 0.0 32.8 0.0 0.0 8.7
21 0.0 0.0 113.6 0.0 0.0 57.2 0.0 0.0 40.0 0.0 0.0 15.9 0.0 0.0 7.2
25 0.0 0.0 125.3 0.0 0.0 68.9 0.0 0.0 51.6 0.0 0.0 27.6 0.0 0.0 18.8
27 0.0 0.0 130.2 0.0 0.0 73.8 0.0 0.0 56.5 0.0 0.0 32.4 0.0 0.0 23.7
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Syracuse HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 0.0 0.0 449.0
19 0.0 0.0 519.2 0.0 0.0 70.2
30 0.0 0.0 561.3 0.0 0.0 112.3 0.0 0.0 42.1
38 0.0 0.0 579.3 0.0 0.0 130.3 0.0 0.0 60.1 0.0 0.0 18.0
49 0.0 0.0 596.0 0.0 0.0 147.0 0.0 0.0 76.8 0.0 0.0 34.7 0.0 0.0 16.7
60 0.0 0.0 605.8 0.0 0.0 156.8 0.0 0.0 86.5 0.0 0.0 44.4 0.0 0.0 26.5
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 9.7 0.005 55.6
13 12.5 0.005 72.8 2.8 0.000 17.2
17 16.2 0.008 96.9 6.4 0.003 41.3 3.7 0.003 24.1
19 17.5 0.008 105.5 7.7 0.003 49.9 4.9 0.003 32.7 1.3 0.000 8.6
21 18.5 0.011 112.7 8.7 0.005 57.1 6.0 0.005 39.9 2.3 0.003 15.8 1.0 0.003 7.2
25 20.0 0.011 123.8 10.3 0.005 68.2 7.5 0.005 51.0 3.9 0.003 26.9 2.6 0.003 18.3
27 20.6 0.011 128.4 10.9 0.005 72.8 8.1 0.005 55.6 4.5 0.003 31.5 3.2 0.003 22.9

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 140.8 0.088 420.9
19 152.9 0.096 489.0 12.1 0.009 68.1
30 158.9 0.123 531.7 18.1 0.035 110.8 6.0 0.026 42.7
38 161.0 0.131 548.0 20.2 0.044 127.1 8.2 0.035 59.0 2.1 0.009 16.3
49 162.8 0.140 562.9 22.0 0.053 142.0 9.9 0.044 73.9 3.9 0.018 31.2 1.8 0.009 14.9
60 163.7 0.140 572.7 23.0 0.053 151.7 10.9 0.044 83.6 4.8 0.018 40.9 2.7 0.009 24.6
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 0.0 0.0 62.0
13 0.0 0.0 81.1 0.0 0.0 19.2
17 0.0 0.0 108.0 0.0 0.0 46.0 0.0 0.0 26.9
19 0.0 0.0 117.6 0.0 0.0 55.6 0.0 0.0 36.4 0.0 0.0 9.6
21 0.0 0.0 125.6 0.0 0.0 63.6 0.0 0.0 44.4 0.0 0.0 17.6 0.0 0.0 8.0
25 0.0 0.0 137.9 0.0 0.0 76.0 0.0 0.0 56.8 0.0 0.0 30.0 0.0 0.0 20.4
27 0.0 0.0 143.0 0.0 0.0 81.1 0.0 0.0 61.9 0.0 0.0 35.1 0.0 0.0 25.5
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Binghamton HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 0.0 0.0 469.0
19 0.0 0.0 544.9 0.0 0.0 75.9
30 0.0 0.0 592.5 0.0 0.0 123.5 0.0 0.0 47.6
38 0.0 0.0 610.7 0.0 0.0 141.6 0.0 0.0 65.7 0.0 0.0 18.2
49 0.0 0.0 627.3 0.0 0.0 158.2 0.0 0.0 82.3 0.0 0.0 34.8 0.0 0.0 16.6
60 0.0 0.0 638.1 0.0 0.0 169.1 0.0 0.0 93.2 0.0 0.0 45.6 0.0 0.0 27.4

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 12.6 0.008 40.5
13 16.2 0.011 53.5 3.6 0.003 13.0
17 20.9 0.014 71.9 8.3 0.005 31.4 4.7 0.003 18.4
19 22.5 0.014 78.6 9.9 0.005 38.1 6.3 0.003 25.1 1.6 0.000 6.7
21 23.8 0.016 83.8 11.2 0.008 43.4 7.6 0.005 30.3 2.9 0.003 11.9 1.3 0.003 5.2
25 25.7 0.016 92.0 13.1 0.008 51.5 9.5 0.005 38.5 4.8 0.003 20.1 3.2 0.003 13.4
27 26.5 0.016 95.1 13.9 0.008 54.6 10.3 0.005 41.6 5.6 0.003 23.2 4.0 0.003 16.5
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Chiller and Boiler with FPFC Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 107.4 0.105 393.0
19 109.9 0.149 456.3 2.5 0.044 63.4
30 109.7 0.167 495.1 2.3 0.061 102.1 -0.3 0.018 38.7
38 109.0 0.175 512.0 1.6 0.070 119.0 -1.0 0.026 55.7 -0.7 0.009 16.9
49 108.1 0.184 525.4 0.7 0.079 132.5 -1.8 0.035 69.1 -1.6 0.018 30.3 -0.9 0.009 13.4
60 107.3 0.193 533.8 -0.1 0.088 140.9 -2.6 0.044 77.5 -2.4 0.026 38.7 -1.7 0.018 21.8
Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Wall Insulation
Base 0 11 13 17 19
11 0.0 0.0 45.1
13 0.0 0.0 59.6 0.0 0.0 14.5
17 0.0 0.0 80.1 0.0 0.0 35.0 0.0 0.0 20.5
19 0.0 0.0 87.6 0.0 0.0 42.5 0.0 0.0 28.0 0.0 0.0 7.5
21 0.0 0.0 93.4 0.0 0.0 48.3 0.0 0.0 33.8 0.0 0.0 13.3 0.0 0.0 5.8
25 0.0 0.0 102.5 0.0 0.0 57.4 0.0 0.0 42.9 0.0 0.0 22.4 0.0 0.0 14.9
27 0.0 0.0 105.9 0.0 0.0 60.9 0.0 0.0 46.3 0.0 0.0 25.9 0.0 0.0 18.4

Building: Multi-Family High-rise City: Poughkeepsie HVAC: Steam Boiler Only Measure: Ceiling Insulation
Base 0 11 19 30 38
11 0.0 0.0 437.9
19 0.0 0.0 508.5 0.0 0.0 70.6
30 0.0 0.0 551.7 0.0 0.0 113.8 0.0 0.0 43.2
38 0.0 0.0 570.5 0.0 0.0 132.6 0.0 0.0 62.0 0.0 0.0 18.9
49 0.0 0.0 585.5 0.0 0.0 147.6 0.0 0.0 77.0 0.0 0.0 33.8 0.0 0.0 14.9
60 0.0 0.0 594.8 0.0 0.0 157.0 0.0 0.0 86.3 0.0 0.0 43.2 0.0 0.0 24.3

INFILTRATION REDUCTION
Single-family Residential Infiltration Reduction

AC Fuel Heat Heat Pump AC Electric Heat Fuel Heat Only Electric Heat Only
kWh/cf
City m kW/cfm Therm/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm Therm/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm
Albany 1.8 0.006 2.2 34.0 0.002 50.8 0.006 1.1 0.000 2.2 50.1 0.000
Binghamton 1.3 0.004 2.2 35.0 0.002 49.8 0.004 1.1 0.000 2.2 49.5 0.000
Buffalo 1.6 0.004 2.4 38.8 0.005 55.6 0.004 1.3 0.000 2.4 55.2 0.000
Massena 1.5 0.001 2.7 46.4 0.001 63.0 0.001 1.4 0.000 2.7 62.8 0.000
NYC 2.3 0.004 1.7 21.0 0.003 39.8 0.004 0.8 0.000 1.7 38.4 0.000
Poughkeepsie 1.9 0.004 1.9 24.8 0.003 43.5 0.004 1.0 0.000 1.9 42.7 0.000
Syracuse 1.8 0.003 2.4 37.3 0.003 55.1 0.003 1.2 0.000 2.4 54.6 0.000
Multi-Family Low-rise Infiltration Reduction

AC Fuel Heat Heat Pump AC Electric Heat Fuel Heat Only Electric Heat Only
kWh/cf
City m kW/cfm Therm/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm Therm/cfm kWh/cfm kW/cfm
Albany 1.5 0.004 2.4 33.5 0.004 40.0 0.004 1.4 0.000 2.4 39.9 0.000
Binghamton 1.5 0.003 2.5 32.7 0.003 40.2 0.003 1.6 0.000 2.5 40.3 0.000
Buffalo 1.0 0.003 2.3 31.2 0.002 36.6 0.003 1.1 0.000 2.3 36.7 0.000
Massena 1.3 0.001 2.7 44.5 0.001 44.6 0.001 1.2 0.000 2.7 44.5 0.000
NYC 1.5 0.003 1.9 21.2 0.003 29.6 0.003 1.1 0.000 1.9 29.2 0.000
Poughkeepsie 1.5 0.002 2.2 24.7 0.003 29.8 0.002 1.1 0.000 2.2 29.5 0.000
Syracuse 1.6 0.004 2.5 34.1 0.004 42.2 0.004 1.6 0.000 2.5 42.2 0.000

Multi-Family High Rise Infiltration Reduction
Impact per unit of infiltration reduction (cfm)

City kWh/cfm kW/cfm Therm/cfm
Albany -1.1 0.002 7.0
Binghamton -1.2 0.000 7.1
Buffalo -1.1 0.002 6.5
Massena -0.6 0.002 8.6
NYC 0.0 0.003 5.5
Poughkeepsie -1.2 0.005 5.6
Syracuse -1.2 0.006 7.2
Impact per kSF square foot

kWh/ 1,000 kW/ Therm/
City Vintage
SF 1,000SF 1,000SF
Albany Old 73 0.128 30
Albany Average 22 0.099 16
Binghamton Old 64 0.116 33
Binghamton Average 11 0.085 17
Buffalo Old 68 0.101 34
Buffalo Average 20 0.079 19
Massena Old 66 0.127 30
Massena Average 20 0.098 17
NYC Old 118 0.119 29
NYC Average 56 0.098 17
Syracuse Old 73 0.195 29
Syracuse Average 23 0.092 16
Baseline infiltration rate for old building is 1.0 ACH.

Baseline infiltration rate for average building is 0.5 ACH.
Energy savings based on a 15% reduction.

COMMERCIAL CEILING INSULATION UPGRADE
Ceiling Insulation - Assembly

Climate System kWh/unit Summer therm/unit
kW/unit
Albany AC with electric heat 994 0.000 0.0
AC with fuel heat 34 0.018 43.2
Air source heat pump 768 0.000 0.1
Electric heat only 979 0.032 0.1
Fuel heat only 11 0.000 43.3
Binghamton AC with electric heat 964 0.009 0.1
Buffalo AC with electric heat 920 0.032 0.0
Massena AC with electric heat 1,823 0.050 0.0
Air source heat pump 1,442 0.050 0.1
Electric heat only 1,842 0.103 0.1
NYC AC with electric heat 425 0.000 0.0
Poughkeepsie AC with electric heat 1,005 0.047 0.1
Syracuse AC with electric heat 789 0.021 0.0

Ceiling Insulation - Auto Repair

kW/unit
AC with electric heat 564 0.000 0.2
Albany Fuel heat only 16 0.000 24.1
Binghamton Fuel heat only 12 0.000 20.0
Buffalo Fuel heat only 13 0.000 20.6
Massena Fuel heat only 18 0.000 25.6
NYC Fuel heat only 33 0.000 40.6
Poughkeepsie Fuel heat only 23 0.000 33.8
Syracuse Fuel heat only 18 0.000 27.6

Ceiling Insulation - Big Box Retail

Summer
Climate System kWh/unit kW/unit therm/unit
AC with fuel heat -19 0.047 42.5
Binghamton Fuel heat only -3 0.000 40.1
Buffalo Fuel heat only -5 0.000 38.2
AC with electric heat 1,213 0.043 0.0
Electric heat only 1,263 -0.022 0.0
NYC Fuel heat only -32 0.000 19.0
Poughkeepsie Fuel heat only -7 0.000 33.9
Syracuse Fuel heat only -2 0.000 40.3

Ceiling Insulation - Fast Food Restaurant

kW/unit
Albany AC with electric heat 1,009 0.000 0.5
Buffalo AC with electric heat 1,066 0.000 0.5
Poughkeepsie AC with electric heat 994 0.050 0.0
Syracuse AC with electric heat 1,023 0.000 0.5

Ceiling Insulation - Full Service Restaurant

kW/unit
Massena AC with electric heat 944 0.050 0.3

Ceiling Insulation – Grocery

Summer
Climate System kWh/unit kW/unit therm/unit
Binghamton Fuel heat only -3 0.000 40.1
Buffalo Fuel heat only -5 0.000 38.2
AC with electric heat 1,213 0.043 0.0
Electric heat only 1,263 -0.022 0.0
NYC Fuel heat only -32 0.000 19.0
Poughkeepsie Fuel heat only -7 0.000 33.9
Syracuse Fuel heat only -2 0.000 40.3

Ceiling Insulation – Light Industrial

kW/unit
AC with electric heat 929.2 0.023 0.0
AC with fuel heat 44.6 0.024 44.1
Air source heat pump 585.4 0.023 0.0
Electric heat only 937.3 0.000 0.0
Albany Fuel heat only 51.2 0.000 44.1
AC with electric heat 968.31 0.015 0
Electric heat only 976.42 0 0.01
Binghamton Fuel heat only 54.68 0 45.86
Buffalo AC with electric heat 929.55 0.017 0
Buffalo Fuel heat only 54.07 0 44.2
AC with electric heat 1,079.08 0.025 0.01
Air source heat pump 724.88 0.025 0
Electric heat only 1,087.71 0 0.01
Massena Fuel heat only 54.87 0 50.86
NYC Fuel heat only 49.87 0 30.63
Poughkeepsie Fuel heat only 53.81 0 39.46
Syracuse Fuel heat only 54.2 0 43.54

Ceiling Insulation – Motel

kW/unit
AC with fuel heat -4.3 0.073 12.9
Albany Fuel heat only 0.3 0.000 13.1
AC with fuel heat -8.9 -0.013 13.6
AC with electric heat 276.1 -0.013 0.0
Air source heat pump 245.4 -0.013 0.0
Binghamton Fuel heat only 1.1 0.000 13.9
Buffalo Fuel heat only 0.5 0.000 13.2
Massena Fuel heat only 0.5 0.000 15.3
NYC Fuel heat only 0.1 0.000 8.8
Poughkeepsie Fuel heat only 0.5 0.000 11.1
Syracuse Fuel heat only 0.3 0.000 12.9

Ceiling Insulation - Elementary School

kW/unit
Binghamton AC with electric heat 1,369 0.030 0.0
Electric heat only 1519 -0.002 0.1
Electric heat only 1267 -0.014 0.1

Ceiling Insulation – Religious Worship

kW/unit
Fuel heat only -5 0.000 20.4

Ceiling Insulation – Small Office

kW/unit
Albany AC with electric heat 649 0.04 0
AC with fuel heat 28.2 0.04 31
Air source heat pump 412 0.04 0
Electric heat only 631.4 0 0
Fuel heat only 13.6 0 30.4
Binghamton AC with electric heat 670.2 0.02 0
Buffalo AC with electric heat 652.4 0 0
Fuel heat only 17.4 0 31
Massena AC with electric heat 787.8 0.04 0
NYC AC with electric heat 429.6 0.04 0
Fuel heat only -1.6 0 19.6
Poughkeepsie AC with electric heat 554.8 0.02 0
Syracuse AC with electric heat 640.4 0.02 0
Fuel heat only 16.2 0 30

Ceiling Insulation – Small Retail

kW/unit

Ceiling Insulation – Warehouse

kW/unit
NYC AC with electric heat 1,468 0.076 0.0

Ceiling Insulation – Community College

kW/unit
Albany CV reheat no econ with Air
Cooled Chiller -33 -0.001 4.5
CV reheat no econ with Water
Cooled Chiller -30 0.000 4.5
CV reheat econ with Air Cooled
Chiller 0 -0.001 4.0
CV reheat econ with Water
VAV reheat econ with Air Cooled
Chiller -6 0.042 2.1
VAV reheat econ with Water
Binghamton CV reheat no econ with Air
Chiller -2 0.001 3.3
Chiller -3 0.031 2.4
Buffalo CV reheat no econ with Air
Chiller -1 0.001 3.7
Chiller 9 0.034 4.5
Cooled Chiller 8 0.026 4.5


kW/unit
Massena CV reheat no econ with Air
Chiller -1 0.001 4.0
Chiller -1 0.067 2.4
NYC CV reheat no econ with Air
Chiller 12 0.001 4.1
Chiller 24 0.049 4.7
Poughkeepsie CV reheat no econ with Air
Chiller 5 0.000 4.8
Chiller 22 0.008 9.5


kW/unit
Syracuse CV reheat no econ with Air
Chiller 2 0.000 3.9
Chiller 7 0.043 3.6

Ceiling Insulation – University

kW/unit
Albany CV No Econ Air Cooled
CV No Econ Water Cooled -18 0.003 5.6
CV Econ Air Cooled -3 0.003 3.3
CV Econ Water Cooled -1 0.003 3.3
VAV Econ Air Cooled 5 0.003 3.0
VAV Econ Water Cooled 8 0.003 2.8
Binghamton CV No Econ Air Cooled
Buffalo CV No Econ Air Cooled
VAV Econ Air Cooled -19 0.002 -2.1
VAV Econ Water Cooled -20 0.002 -1.9
Massena CV No Econ Air Cooled
CV Econ Water Cooled 0 0.001 3.2
NYC CV No Econ Air Cooled
Poughkeepsie CV No Econ Air Cooled
Syracuse CV No Econ Air Cooled

Ceiling Insulation – High School

kW/unit
Albany CV No Econ Air Cooled -15 0.000 7.7
VAV Econ Air Cooled -11 0.000 7.5
VAV Econ Water Cooled -8 0.000 7.5
Binghamton CV No Econ Air Cooled -16 0.000 7.2
Buffalo CV No Econ Air Cooled -17 0.000 6.1
Massena CV No Econ Air Cooled -16 0.000 7.8
NYC CV No Econ Air Cooled -14 0.000 4.1
Poughkeepsie CV No Econ Air Cooled -18 0.000 4.3
Syracuse CV No Econ Air Cooled -11 0.000 8.1

Ceiling Insulation – Large Retail

kW/unit
CV Econ Air Cooled 0 0.013 12.1

Ceiling Insulation – Hospital

kW/unit
VAV Econ Air Cooled 1 -0.065 12.2

Ceiling Insulation – Hotel

kW/unit

Ceiling Insulation – Large Office

kW/unit
Albany CV No Econ Water Cooled 155 0.034 45.7
Buffalo CV No Econ Air Cooled 106 0.023 35.1
CV No Econ Water Cooled 75 0.017 35.2
Binghamton CV No Econ Air Cooled 198 0.023 42.6
Massena CV No Econ Air Cooled 148 0.040 42.3
NYC CV No Econ Air Cooled 153 0.046 34.3
Poughkeepsie CV No Econ Air Cooled 31 0.051 25.0
Syracuse CV No Econ Air Cooled 326 0.046 52.5

Ceiling Insulation – Dormitory

kW/unit
Albany Fan coil with Air Cooled Chiller 70.3 0.064 11.8
Fan coil with Water Cooled
Chiller 91.4 0.058 11.8
Heat only 16.1 0.004 11.2
Binghamton Fan coil with Air Cooled Chiller 56.3 0.042 12.4
Chiller 71.8 0.054 12.4
Heat only 15.2 0.004 11.9
Buffalo Fan coil with Air Cooled Chiller 62.2 0.044 12.5
Chiller 79.1 0.052 12.5
Heat only 15.4 0.004 12.2
Massena Fan coil with Air Cooled Chiller 68.2 0.054 14.4
Chiller 90.7 0.262 14.4
Heat only 16.5 0.006 14.0
NYC Fan coil with Air Cooled Chiller 13.0 0.036 10.4
Chiller 15.3 -0.028 10.4
Heat only 3.7 0.000 10.3
Poughkeepsie Fan coil with Air Cooled Chiller 69.7 0.044 10.5
Chiller 93.7 0.062 10.5
Heat only 17.1 0.004 10.1
Syracuse Fan coil with Air Cooled Chiller 72.8 0.060 12.1
Chiller 94.9 0.066 12.1
Heat only 16.5 0.004 11.5
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
7-13-24 7/31/2013
7-13-25 7/31/2013
7-13-26 7/31/2013

Appendix F: Window and High Performance Glazing
APPENDIX F
WINDOW AND HIGH PERFORMANCE GLAZING
SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ENERGY STAR® WINDOWS
Albany
AC Fuel heat Heat Pump AC Electric Heat Fuel heat Only Electric Heat Only
Baseline
kWh kW Therm kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW Therm kWh kW
1 pane 96.4 0.127 17.0 386.8 0.124 481.6 0.127 7.7 0.000 16.9 393.0 0.000
2 pane 47.7 0.067 5.2 147.3 0.074 167.5 0.067 2.1 0.000 5.2 122.0 0.000
Code 1.3 0.003 3.7 49.3 0.003 81.1 0.003 1.8 0.000 3.7 81.5 0.000
Binghamton
Baseline
1 pane 75.7 0.104 19.3 420.4 0.107 517.5 0.104 9.3 0.000 19.2 451.1 0.000
2 pane 36.2 0.054 6.1 156.3 0.054 177.3 0.054 2.6 0.000 6.0 143.8 0.000
Code 1.6 0.003 3.9 56.8 0.003 88.2 0.003 2.1 0.000 3.9 88.6 0.000
Buffalo
Baseline
1 pane 86.5 0.107 20.4 440.2 0.104 553.0 0.107 9.8 0.000 20.4 476.3 0.000
2 pane 43.7 0.060 7.2 176.4 0.057 210.2 0.060 3.4 0.000 7.2 169.9 0.000
Code 1.7 0.003 3.8 54.0 0.003 85.0 0.003 1.9 0.000 3.8 85.1 0.000
Massena
Baseline
1 pane 84.4 0.111 21.0 490.9 0.117 566.9 0.111 9.6 0.000 20.9 492.0 0.000
2 pane 40.9 0.057 6.5 183.2 0.064 194.4 0.057 2.7 0.000 6.5 156.1 0.000
Code 2.0 0.000 4.4 68.2 0.000 98.5 0.000 2.2 0.000 4.4 98.6 0.000
NYC
Baseline
1 pane 125.5 0.117 9.2 252.7 0.124 336.0 0.117 4.0 0.000 9.1 214.6 0.000
2 pane 64.5 0.060 1.6 98.7 0.060 106.3 0.060 0.5 0.000 1.5 42.4 0.000
Code 1.1 0.003 2.7 27.4 0.003 59.9 0.003 1.3 0.000 2.7 60.2 0.000

Poughkeepsie
Baseline
1 pane 86.6 0.104 11.9 277.1 0.117 359.1 0.104 5.5 0.000 11.8 277.8 0.000
2 pane 44.0 0.054 3.2 109.2 0.060 121.1 0.054 1.3 0.000 3.1 78.4 0.000
Code 1.4 0.000 3.4 38.8 0.000 72.3 0.000 1.6 0.000 3.4 72.6 0.000
Syracuse
Baseline
1 pane 94.5 0.091 18.4 396.4 0.101 510.4 0.091 8.7 0.000 18.3 424.6 0.000
2 pane 47.6 0.064 6.0 153.9 0.067 185.3 0.064 2.6 0.000 5.9 140.4 0.000
Code 1.1 0.003 3.7 48.6 0.000 81.0 0.003 1.8 0.000 3.7 81.8 0.000
MULTI-FAMILY LOW-RISE ENERGY STAR® WINDOWS

Albany
Baseline
1 pane 148.4 0.228 87.9 1,269.5 0.221 1,668.6 0.228 69.3 0.057 87.9 1,589.5 0.057
2 pane 72.1 0.117 36.3 531.0 0.114 716.9 0.117 31.5 0.057 36.3 676.2 0.057
Code 6.4 0.003 11.3 134.3 0.007 173.4 0.003 6.7 0.003 11.3 173.5 0.003
Binghamton
Baseline
1 pane 122.3 0.174 99.3 1,426.3 0.168 1,832.4 0.174 61.0 0.007 99.3 1,771.0 0.007
2 pane 57.3 0.091 42.1 605.1 0.087 793.6 0.091 26.0 0.003 42.1 762.2 0.003
Code 6.8 0.003 12.1 137.8 0.003 177.9 0.003 7.3 0.003 12.1 178.3 0.003
Buffalo
Baseline
1 pane 121.1 0.164 90.8 1,315.5 0.158 1,688.8 0.164 55.1 0.030 90.8 1,622.9 0.030
2 pane 56.3 0.084 37.3 543.2 0.084 701.6 0.084 21.9 0.007 37.3 667.2 0.007
Code 5.6 0.003 12.0 134.9 0.003 173.7 0.003 6.2 0.000 12.0 174.4 0.000

Massena
Baseline
1 pane 132.4 0.171 100.4 1,389.5 0.168 1,939.0 0.171 63.2 0.027 100.4 1,869.9 0.027
2 pane 62.6 0.091 41.5 538.2 0.091 833.7 0.091 26.0 0.017 41.5 797.0 0.017
Code 5.7 0.003 12.9 170.2 0.003 195.6 0.003 7.3 0.000 12.9 197.0 0.000
NYC
Baseline
1 pane 184.9 0.188 56.6 830.1 0.184 1,163.5 0.188 61.7 0.000 56.6 1,040.4 0.000
2 pane 94.1 0.097 21.7 347.3 0.094 482.7 0.097 28.2 0.000 21.7 416.8 0.000
Code 4.6 0.003 8.7 84.5 0.003 125.1 0.003 4.3 0.000 8.7 124.8 0.000
Poughkeepsie
Baseline
1 pane 147.8 0.158 74.3 1,015.5 0.154 1,345.2 0.158 65.1 0.030 74.3 1,262.5 0.030
2 pane 74.1 0.077 30.3 434.3 0.077 589.0 0.077 29.4 0.013 30.3 544.4 0.013
Code 5.8 0.000 11.8 114.4 0.000 147.9 0.000 6.2 0.000 11.8 148.4 0.000
Syracuse
Baseline
1 pane 147.7 0.225 90.1 1,330.8 0.218 1,689.9 0.225 67.1 0.050 90.1 1,609.5 0.050
2 pane 71.2 0.117 38.1 567.5 0.114 723.8 0.117 29.5 0.034 38.1 682.1 0.034
Code 6.6 0.007 11.7 134.6 0.007 174.6 0.007 7.2 0.000 11.7 175.2 0.000

COMMERCIAL HIGH PERFORMANCE WINDOWS

High-Performance Windows – Assembly
kWh/ kW/ therms/
Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows - Big Box Retail

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows -Fast Food Restaurant

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows -Full Service Restaurant

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows – Grocery

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows – Light Industrial

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows –Motel

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows -Primary School

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows -Religious Worship

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows -Small Office

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows -Small Retail

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

High-Performance Windows -Warehouse

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

WINDOW FILM
Window Film - Assembly
Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Albany AC with fuel heat 388 0.178 -84.0
Binghamton AC with fuel heat 333 0.178 -93.2
Buffalo AC with fuel heat 358 0.178 -82.0
Massena AC with fuel heat 346 0.178 -100.6
NYC AC with fuel heat 592 0.178 -58.3
Poughkeepsie AC with fuel heat 379 0.178 -92.2
Syracuse AC with fuel heat 426 0.178 -66.0
Window Film - Auto Repair

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film - Big Box Retail

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film - Fast Food Restaurant

Summer
Climate System kWh/unit therm/unit
kW/unit
Window Film - Full Service Restaurant

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

Window Film - Grocery

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film – Light Industrial

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film - Motel

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film - Primary School

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film - Small Office

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF

Window Film - Small Retail

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film - Warehouse

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Window Film - Other

Climate System
100 SF 100 SF 100 SF
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
9-19-9 9/27/2019

Appendix G: Heating and Cooling Equivalent Full Load Hours
APPENDIX G
EQUIVALENT FULL-LOAD HOURS (EFLH), FOR HEATING AND COOLING

Analysis used to develop parameters for the energy and demand savings calculations are based
on DOE-2.2 simulations of a set of prototypical residential buildings. The prototypical
simulation models were derived from the residential building prototypes used in the California
building practices and climate.
Four separate models were created to represent general vintages of buildings:
1. Built prior to 1940, uninsulated masonry buildings. This vintage is referred to as “Pre-
war uninsulated brick.”
2. Built prior to 1979 when the NYS Energy Code (known as the Energy Conservation
Construction Code of New York State – ECCCNYS) went into effect, poorly insulated
wood-frame buildings This vintage is referred to as “Prior to 1979.”
3. Built from 1979 through 2006, with insulation conforming to 1980s era building codes
(1979 ECCCNYS.) This vintage is referred to as “From 1979 through 2006.”
4. Built from 2007 through the present, new construction with insulation conforming to the
2007 ECCCNYS for residential buildings and the New York City Energy Conservative
Construction Code (if applicable.) This vintage is referred to as “From 2007 through the
present.”
Heating equivalent full-load hours for residential buildings were originally calculated from a
DOE-2.2 simulation of prototypical residential buildings. The prototype building characteristics
are described in Appendix A. The revised heating EFLH are shown below:1636
SINGLE-FAMILY DETACHED COOLING EFLH BY VINTAGE AND CITY
Albany 372 358 322
Buffalo 406 392 336
Massena 282 273 229
NYC 622 602 585
1635
1636
The original EFLH numbers established using TMY3 data have been adjusted linearly based on relative cooling
and heating degree hours (evaluated with base 65F) between TMY3 data and 30-year NCEI Climate Normals from
1991 – 2020.

MULTI-FAMILY LOW-RISE COOLING EFLH BY VINTAGE AND CITY

From 2007 Through the
City Prior to 1979 From 1979 Through 2006
Present
Albany 330 341 322
Buffalo 328 333 311
Massena 251 249 238
NYC 470 510 521
MULTI-FAMILY HIGH-RISE COOLING EFLH BY VINTAGE AND CITY 1637

From 2007 Through the
City Prior to 1979 From 1979 Through 2006
Present
Albany 686 747 903
Buffalo 695 775 940
Massena 581 623 729
NYC 736 782 885
SINGLE-FAMILY DETACHED HEATING EFLH BY VINTAGE AND CITY

Albany 994 933 882
Binghamton 1,092 1,035 969
Buffalo 1,039 1,000 928
Massena 1,108 1,045 994
NYC 846 767 707
Syracuse 1,086 1,030 961
MULTI-FAMILY LOW-RISE HEATING EFLH BY VINTAGE AND CITY

Pre-war uninsulated From 1979 Through From 2007 Through
City Prior to 1979
brick 2006 the Present
Albany 1,060 982 965 695
Binghamton 1,405 1,328 1,252 904
Buffalo 1,242 1,181 1,178 856
Massena 1,412 1,287 1,306 950
NYC1638 974 738 705 491
Poughkeepsie 858 895 869 617
Syracuse 1,379 1,162 1,192 836
1637
Note, there are no cooling values for the “Pre-war uninsulated brick vintage, due to a typical lack of any central
cooling. This vintage assumes one room air conditioner (RAC) within the unit. For the savings calculation method,
see the Air Conditioner – Room (RAC) measure listed in the Single and Multi-family Residential Measures section
of this manual.
1638
NYC building only incorporates a higher thermostatic set point of 73 oF instead of 70 oF based on reported data.
The other cities listed use the thermostatic set-point of 700 F. Overheating in Hot Water and Steam-Heated Multi-
family Buildings, U.S. Dept. of Energy, Jordan Dentz, Kapil Varshney and Hugh Henderson, October 2013.

MULTI-FAMILY HIGH-RISE HEATING EFLH BY VINTAGE AND CITY

Pre-war uninsulated From 1979 Through From 2007 Through
Prior to 1979
City brick 2006 the Present
Albany 930 750 597 346
Binghamton 1,109 1,012 836 487
Buffalo 1,145 936 788 456
Massena 1,095 1,001 860 544
NYC1639 987 513 385 214
Syracuse 1,051 879 778 469
1639
Ibid.

SMALL COMMERCIAL COOLING EFLH

Building Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
Assembly 552 445 604 453 621 701 563
Auto Repair 314 249 321 243 395 369 331
Big Box Retail 888 776 1,004 751 1,187 1,251 924
Fast Food Restaurant 591 512 631 476 598 707 605
Full Service Restaurant 504 525 559 425 533 618 518
Grocery 888 776 1,004 751 1,187 1,251 924
Light Industrial 462 444 514 404 509 580 477
Motel 847 980 1,318 1,088 1,144 1,397 1,192
Primary School 343 270 297 281 366 423 305
Religious Worship 262 206 231 223 259 281 274
Small Office 856 729 906 732 886 1,037 854
Small Retail 741 658 810 654 818 931 754
Warehouse 270 198 258 249 371 347 270
Other 578 584 650 517 683 761 615
LARGE COMMERCIAL COOLING EFLH

Building System Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
Community CAV econ 675 442 632 556 785 863 677
College CAV noecon 892 599 843 755 1,047 1,218 902
VAV econ 543 384 554 385 611 650 506
Dormitory1640 Fan Coil* 850 671 914 756 742 929 848
High School CAV econ 402 311 393 347 432 497 431
CAV noecon 823 743 901 794 799 962 850
VAV econ 274 207 261 235 316 353 285
Hospital CAV econ 1,198 938 1,354 1,133 1,321 1,504 1,275
CAV noecon 1,995 1,698 2,320 1,888 2,076 2,423 2,119
VAV econ 1,109 874 1,247 1,050 1,129 1,331 1,168
Hotel CAV econ 3,167 3,145 3,336 3,064 2,707 3,713 3,860
CAV noecon 3,399 3,341 3,581 3,298 2,884 3,975 4,062
VAV econ 3,119 3,112 3,285 2,996 2,718 3,588 3,822
Large Office CAV econ 815 546 714 666 668 871 742
CAV noecon 2,186 1,825 2,451 1,994 2,088 2,532 2,397
VAV econ 719 530 613 551 664 819 636
1640
Dormitories consist of individual rooms with small heating/cooling coils. Constant Air Volume (CAV) or Variable Air Volume (VAV) with Economizers
(econ) are not typically used.


Large Retail CAV econ 990 737 1,032 822 991 1,124 954
CAV noecon 1,912 1,648 2,144 1,687 1,625 2,040 1,841
VAV econ 813 607 867 667 822 925 783
University CAV econ 785 507 742 619 818 863 777
CAV noecon 1,080 739 1,058 885 1,121 1,258 1,057
VAV econ 607 441 630 451 640 694 582
SMALL COMMERCIAL HEATING EFLH

Building Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Poughkeepsie Syracuse
Assembly 917 1,012 959 1,141 588 783 893
Auto Repair 3,171 3,476 3,228 3,595 1,863 2,646 3,234
Big Box Retail 528 512 540 611 186 374 516
Fast Food Restaurant 1,360 1,535 1,445 1,665 793 1,122 1,336
Full Service Restaurant 1,433 1,612 1,519 1,720 801 1,164 1,403
Grocery 528 512 540 611 186 374 516
Light Industrial 1,219 1,328 1,151 1,267 696 997 1,187
Motel 989 792 765 820 604 604 769
Primary School 1,240 1,298 1,315 1,292 819 1,071 1,222
Religious Worship 910 1,012 948 1,000 704 803 951
Small Office 712 798 737 848 420 590 742
Small Retail 938 1,012 989 1,117 531 766 958
Warehouse 874 1,029 911 1,078 441 643 878
Other 1,140 1,163 1,157 1,290 664 918 1,123
LARGE COMMERCIAL HEATING EFLH

Community CAV econ 1,060 1,078 1,015 1,282 1,396 1,173 1,245
College CAV noecon 1,003 1,048 975 1,160 1,237 1,051 1,164
VAV econ 579 1,168 1,008 597 423 390 548
Dormitory* Fan Coil* 567 682 730 677 453 508 665
High School CAV econ 740 787 783 810 879 899 949
CAV noecon 669 729 718 748 819 830 892
VAV econ 311 302 372 376 261 303 391
Hospital CAV econ 2,941 2,864 2,808 2,741 3,283 2,890 3,028
CAV noecon 2,607 2,437 2,438 2,318 3,059 2,517 2,674
VAV econ 728 771 622 728 289 482 762
Hotel CAV econ 1,173 1,184 1,182 1,221 1,050 1,055 1,162
CAV noecon 918 912 912 1,017 734 795 909
VAV econ 526 485 502 651 223 377 459


Large Office CAV econ 2,037 2,059 1,958 2,314 1,984 2,145 2,193
CAV noecon 2,000 1,977 1,915 2,273 2,021 2,136 2,194
VAV econ 462 479 470 536 284 368 436
Large Retail CAV econ 2,067 2,161 2,081 2,210 2,049 2,033 2,120
CAV noecon 1,962 1,995 1,953 2,075 1,983 1,916 2,007
VAV econ 819 739 753 913 648 633 774
University CAV econ 1,396 1,582 1,484 1,566 1,161 1,354 1,374
CAV noecon 1,372 1,447 1,416 1,435 1,077 1,310 1,341
VAV econ 1,011 572 1,169 1,206 667 762 617
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-15-8 6/1/2015
1-16-9 12/31/2015
6-22-19 12/30/2022

Appendix H: Distribution Efficiencies
APPENDIX H
HVAC DISTRIBUTION EFFICIENCIES
Single-family Distribution System Efficiency in Heating Mode, Ducts Located in Unconditioned Basement
Duct system
Duct total
R-value
leakage Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Syracuse
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.951 0.946 0.947 0.949 0.957 0.949
15% Uninsulated 0.941 0.936 0.939 0.940 0.946 0.941
20% Uninsulated 0.936 0.931 0.932 0.933 0.939 0.934
25% Uninsulated 0.929 0.924 0.925 0.928 0.934 0.929
30% Uninsulated 0.924 0.919 0.920 0.922 0.926 0.922
8% R-6 0.980 0.979 0.978 0.978 0.980 0.979
15% R-6 0.968 0.967 0.967 0.967 0.969 0.967
20% R-6 0.959 0.959 0.959 0.960 0.962 0.960
25% R-6 0.953 0.952 0.952 0.951 0.954 0.951
30% R-6 0.946 0.944 0.944 0.944 0.946 0.944
Single-family Distribution System Efficiency in Cooling Mode, Ducts Located in Unconditioned Basement
Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.969 0.964 0.958 0.974 0.973 0.975
15% Uninsulated 0.959 0.952 0.952 0.974 0.967 0.967
20% Uninsulated 0.956 0.945 0.946 0.968 0.959 0.961
25% Uninsulated 0.948 0.939 0.938 0.966 0.955 0.956
30% Uninsulated 0.946 0.938 0.934 0.960 0.948 0.950
8% R-6 0.985 0.987 0.982 0.985 0.987 0.987
15% R-6 0.972 0.976 0.968 0.976 0.976 0.977
20% R-6 0.966 0.964 0.959 0.965 0.970 0.972
25% R-6 0.960 0.961 0.954 0.959 0.967 0.966
30% R-6 0.956 0.957 0.948 0.965 0.958 0.960
Residential Distribution System Efficiency in Heating Mode (Attic Ducts)

Duct Duct system
total R-value
Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Syracuse Poughkeepsie
leakage (supply and
(%) return)
8% Uninsulated 0.777 0.754 0.770 0.759 0.818 0.778 0.779
15% Uninsulated 0.715 0.692 0.708 0.693 0.761 0.716 0.717
20% Uninsulated 0.668 0.646 0.662 0.644 0.717 0.670 0.671
25% Uninsulated 0.619 0.599 0.614 0.592 0.673 0.622 0.623
30% Uninsulated 0.568 0.549 0.564 0.539 0.626 0.571 0.573
8% R-6 0.910 0.907 0.910 0.905 0.920 0.911 0.911
15% R-6 0.851 0.848 0.851 0.843 0.865 0.852 0.851
20% R-6 0.806 0.804 0.807 0.796 0.823 0.808 0.807
25% R-6 0.760 0.759 0.762 0.748 0.780 0.762 0.761
30% R-6 0.712 0.711 0.715 0.698 0.735 0.714 0.714

Residential Distribution System Efficiency in Cooling Mode (Attic Ducts)

Duct Duct system
total R-value
Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Syracuse Poughkeepsie
leakage (supply and
(%) return)
8% Uninsulated 0.813 0.793 0.820 0.809 0.834 0.811 0.810
15% Uninsulated 0.755 0.737 0.768 0.753 0.777 0.758 0.753
20% Uninsulated 0.716 0.698 0.732 0.715 0.737 0.717 0.713
25% Uninsulated 0.676 0.660 0.694 0.673 0.696 0.677 0.672
30% Uninsulated 0.637 0.621 0.656 0.634 0.657 0.637 0.632
8% R-6 0.916 0.914 0.922 0.916 0.919 0.918 0.916
15% R-6 0.860 0.860 0.870 0.859 0.861 0.862 0.861
20% R-6 0.821 0.820 0.833 0.819 0.823 0.821 0.821
25% R-6 0.780 0.780 0.795 0.781 0.782 0.783 0.780
30% R-6 0.740 0.740 0.761 0.739 0.741 0.742 0.739
Multi-family Distribution System Efficiency in Heating Mode

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.821 0.817 0.819 0.813 0.843 0.822
15% Uninsulated 0.794 0.791 0.793 0.785 0.816 0.795
20% Uninsulated 0.774 0.773 0.774 0.765 0.797 0.775
25% Uninsulated 0.754 0.754 0.755 0.744 0.778 0.756
30% Uninsulated 0.735 0.736 0.735 0.724 0.758 0.736
8% R-6 0.943 0.944 0.944 0.941 0.949 0.944
15% R-6 0.913 0.915 0.915 0.909 0.920 0.914
20% R-6 0.892 0.895 0.894 0.887 0.900 0.893
25% R-6 0.870 0.874 0.873 0.864 0.879 0.871
30% R-6 0.848 0.853 0.852 0.841 0.858 0.849
Multi-family Distribution System Efficiency in Cooling Mode

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.814 0.797 0.821 0.805 0.859 0.808
15% Uninsulated 0.792 0.774 0.799 0.776 0.838 0.782
20% Uninsulated 0.770 0.750 0.781 0.759 0.824 0.767
25% Uninsulated 0.757 0.739 0.762 0.744 0.810 0.752
30% Uninsulated 0.738 0.720 0.748 0.726 0.795 0.734
8% R-6 0.941 0.936 0.945 0.938 0.951 0.939
15% R-6 0.912 0.909 0.916 0.913 0.929 0.910
20% R-6 0.893 0.890 0.899 0.889 0.911 0.888
25% R-6 0.871 0.870 0.879 0.870 0.894 0.870
30% R-6 0.852 0.851 0.863 0.849 0.876 0.851

Assembly Building Distribution Efficiency Heating

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.909 0.923 0.918 0.925 0.857 0.881
15% Uninsulated 0.879 0.890 0.889 0.890 0.829 0.851
20% Uninsulated 0.858 0.868 0.867 0.869 0.810 0.831
25% Uninsulated 0.835 0.848 0.846 0.849 0.793 0.812
30% Uninsulated 0.816 0.829 0.828 0.829 0.776 0.795
8% R-6 0.951 0.961 0.959 0.956 0.896 0.915
15% R-6 0.917 0.930 0.926 0.923 0.863 0.883
20% R-6 0.895 0.906 0.902 0.901 0.841 0.861
25% R-6 0.871 0.884 0.879 0.881 0.821 0.840
30% R-6 0.849 0.862 0.860 0.862 0.801 0.819
Assembly Building Distribution Efficiency Cooling

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.870 0.845 0.857 0.869 0.922 0.898
15% Uninsulated 0.859 0.835 0.846 0.858 0.908 0.887
20% Uninsulated 0.850 0.825 0.838 0.850 0.897 0.878
25% Uninsulated 0.840 0.815 0.828 0.840 0.886 0.867
30% Uninsulated 0.829 0.805 0.817 0.829 0.873 0.856
8% R-6 0.948 0.930 0.936 0.951 0.986 0.980
15% R-6 0.932 0.916 0.921 0.936 0.967 0.964
20% R-6 0.920 0.904 0.909 0.924 0.954 0.951
25% R-6 0.906 0.891 0.896 0.910 0.939 0.938
30% R-6 0.892 0.877 0.882 0.896 0.924 0.923
Fast Food Restaurant Distribution Efficiency Heating

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.809 0.807 0.804 0.820 0.766 0.805
15% Uninsulated 0.784 0.784 0.781 0.797 0.734 0.778
20% Uninsulated 0.766 0.768 0.765 0.780 0.714 0.759
25% Uninsulated 0.750 0.753 0.749 0.765 0.693 0.742
30% Uninsulated 0.734 0.739 0.734 0.750 0.675 0.725
8% R-6 0.901 0.904 0.901 0.905 0.875 0.898
15% R-6 0.862 0.867 0.864 0.867 0.825 0.858
20% R-6 0.836 0.844 0.840 0.844 0.794 0.831
25% R-6 0.813 0.822 0.817 0.822 0.765 0.806
30% R-6 0.791 0.801 0.796 0.801 0.739 0.783

Fast Food Restaurant Distribution Efficiency Cooling

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.853 0.843 0.853 0.845 0.866 0.848
15% Uninsulated 0.843 0.834 0.843 0.837 0.853 0.839
20% Uninsulated 0.836 0.827 0.835 0.830 0.844 0.831
25% Uninsulated 0.827 0.819 0.827 0.822 0.834 0.823
30% Uninsulated 0.818 0.810 0.817 0.814 0.823 0.814
8% R-6 0.950 0.950 0.953 0.948 0.945 0.947
15% R-6 0.933 0.935 0.937 0.932 0.925 0.930
20% R-6 0.921 0.924 0.925 0.919 0.911 0.917
25% R-6 0.908 0.912 0.912 0.907 0.896 0.904
30% R-6 0.895 0.899 0.898 0.894 0.881 0.891
Full Service Restaurant Distribution Efficiency Heating

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.816 0.821 0.816 0.819 0.797 0.810
15% Uninsulated 0.789 0.797 0.791 0.794 0.765 0.782
20% Uninsulated 0.770 0.781 0.775 0.776 0.743 0.763
25% Uninsulated 0.753 0.765 0.760 0.759 0.721 0.745
30% Uninsulated 0.736 0.750 0.745 0.744 0.701 0.728
8% R-6 0.904 0.910 0.905 0.902 0.893 0.901
15% R-6 0.866 0.876 0.869 0.866 0.848 0.861
20% R-6 0.840 0.853 0.847 0.841 0.818 0.834
25% R-6 0.816 0.832 0.825 0.818 0.789 0.809
30% R-6 0.794 0.812 0.805 0.797 0.763 0.786
Full Service Restaurant Distribution Efficiency Cooling

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.827 0.827 0.840 0.814 0.854 0.821
15% Uninsulated 0.825 0.826 0.839 0.813 0.845 0.819
20% Uninsulated 0.821 0.824 0.836 0.811 0.837 0.815
25% Uninsulated 0.818 0.821 0.832 0.808 0.829 0.812
30% Uninsulated 0.813 0.817 0.827 0.804 0.820 0.807
8% R-6 0.959 0.968 0.975 0.955 0.954 0.957
15% R-6 0.955 0.970 0.975 0.953 0.941 0.952
20% R-6 0.950 0.968 0.971 0.948 0.931 0.947
25% R-6 0.943 0.963 0.966 0.942 0.919 0.940
30% R-6 0.934 0.957 0.958 0.934 0.907 0.931

Small Retail Distribution Efficiency Heating

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.657 0.646 0.648 0.670 0.614 0.656
15% Uninsulated 0.624 0.614 0.617 0.637 0.581 0.623
20% Uninsulated 0.602 0.594 0.596 0.615 0.559 0.601
25% Uninsulated 0.582 0.574 0.577 0.594 0.538 0.581
30% Uninsulated 0.563 0.556 0.559 0.575 0.520 0.562
8% R-6 0.792 0.787 0.788 0.798 0.767 0.789
15% R-6 0.742 0.736 0.739 0.748 0.714 0.738
20% R-6 0.710 0.704 0.707 0.716 0.679 0.705
25% R-6 0.680 0.674 0.678 0.686 0.648 0.676
30% R-6 0.652 0.646 0.652 0.659 0.619 0.648
Small Retail Distribution Efficiency Cooling

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.825 0.822 0.825 0.816 0.838 0.817
15% Uninsulated 0.818 0.817 0.819 0.809 0.827 0.810
20% Uninsulated 0.812 0.812 0.813 0.804 0.818 0.804
25% Uninsulated 0.805 0.806 0.807 0.798 0.809 0.797
30% Uninsulated 0.798 0.800 0.800 0.791 0.799 0.790
8% R-6 0.932 0.934 0.935 0.927 0.931 0.928
15% R-6 0.921 0.926 0.924 0.917 0.915 0.916
20% R-6 0.912 0.918 0.916 0.908 0.904 0.907
25% R-6 0.903 0.910 0.907 0.899 0.891 0.897
30% R-6 0.892 0.902 0.897 0.889 0.879 0.887
Other Building Distribution Efficiency Heating

Duct total Duct system R-
leakage value (supply Albany Binghamton Buffalo Massena NYC Syracuse
(%) and return)
8% Uninsulated 0.798 0.799 0.797 0.809 0.759 0.788
15% Uninsulated 0.769 0.771 0.770 0.780 0.727 0.759
20% Uninsulated 0.749 0.753 0.751 0.760 0.707 0.739
25% Uninsulated 0.730 0.735 0.733 0.742 0.686 0.720
30% Uninsulated 0.712 0.719 0.717 0.725 0.668 0.703
8% R-6 0.887 0.891 0.888 0.890 0.858 0.876
15% R-6 0.847 0.852 0.850 0.851 0.813 0.835
20% R-6 0.820 0.827 0.824 0.826 0.783 0.808
25% R-6 0.795 0.803 0.800 0.802 0.756 0.783
30% R-6 0.772 0.780 0.778 0.780 0.731 0.759

Other Building Distribution Efficiency Cooling

Duct system
Duct total
R-value
(supply and
(%)
return)
8% Uninsulated 0.844 0.834 0.844 0.836 0.870 0.846
15% Uninsulated 0.836 0.828 0.837 0.829 0.858 0.839
20% Uninsulated 0.830 0.822 0.831 0.824 0.849 0.832
25% Uninsulated 0.823 0.815 0.824 0.817 0.840 0.825
30% Uninsulated 0.815 0.808 0.815 0.810 0.829 0.817
8% R-6 0.947 0.946 0.950 0.945 0.954 0.953
15% R-6 0.935 0.937 0.939 0.935 0.937 0.941
20% R-6 0.926 0.929 0.930 0.925 0.925 0.931
25% R-6 0.915 0.919 0.920 0.915 0.911 0.920
30% R-6 0.903 0.909 0.909 0.903 0.898 0.908
Record of Revision
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7-13-27 7/31/2013

Appendix I: <BLANK>
APPENDIX I
<Intentionally left blank>

Appendix J: Commercial HVAC Unit Savings
APPENDIX J
COMMERCIAL HVAC UNIT SAVINGS
AIR SIDE ECONOMIZER
Building Type City System Type Unit KWh/unit

Albany Air-Side Economizer ton 39
Binghamton Air-Side Economizer ton 36
Buffalo Air-Side Economizer ton 45
Assembly Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 33
NYC Air-Side Economizer ton 27
Poughkeepsie Air-Side Economizer ton 33
Syracuse Air-Side Economizer ton 42
Big Box Retail Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 138
Fast Food Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 44
Full Service
Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 32
Restaurant
Light Industrial Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 33
Primary School Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 38

Building Type City System Type Unit KWh/unit

Small Office Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 188
Small Retail Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 95
Religious Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 6
Warehouse Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 4
Other Massena Air-Side Economizer ton 61
CLOSE APPROACH COOLING TOWERS
Building Type City System Type kWh/ton kW/ton

Albany Fan coil with Water Cooled Chiller 6.7 0.003
Binghamton Fan coil with Water Cooled Chiller 5.5 0.003
Buffalo Fan coil with Water Cooled Chiller 5.6 0.004
Dormitory Massena Fan coil with Water Cooled Chiller 5.9 0.047
NYC Fan coil with Water Cooled Chiller 7.7 -0.006
Poughkeepsie Fan coil with Water Cooled Chiller 8.0 0.003
Syracuse Fan coil with Water Cooled Chiller 6.8 0.003

ECONOMIZER
Building Type City System type kWh/ton kW/ton

CV no econ 5.7 0
Albany CV econ 1.8 0
VAV econ 2.3 0
CV no econ 5.9 0
Binghamton CV econ 2.2 0
VAV econ 2.4 0
CV no econ 5.6 0
Buffalo CV econ 1.8 0
VAV econ 1.8 0
CV no econ 5.9 0
High School Massena CV econ 1.8 0
VAV econ 1.8 0
CV no econ 6.3 0
NYC CV econ 2.3 0
VAV econ 3.2 0
CV no econ 5.9 0
Syracuse CV econ 2.2 0
VAV econ 2.4 0
CV no econ 5.9 0
Poughkeepsie CV econ 2.2 0
VAV econ 2.4 0
CV no econ 14.0 0
VAV econ 7.0 0
CV no econ 14.0 0
VAV econ 6.0 0
CV no econ 14.0 0
VAV econ 6.0 0
CV no econ 13.0 0
Hospital Massena CV econ 8.0 0
VAV econ 6.0 0
CV no econ 16.0 0
NYC CV econ 10.0 0
VAV econ 7.0 0
CV no econ 15.0 0
VAV econ 7.0 0
CV no econ 14.0 0
VAV econ 6.0 0


CV no econ 11.8 0
VAV econ 3.5 0
CV no econ 12.4 0
VAV econ 3.5 0
CV no econ 14.0 0
VAV econ 3.6 0
CV no econ 10.4 0
Hotel Massena CV econ 3.1 0
VAV econ 3.9 0
CV no econ 10.4 0
NYC CV econ 3.1 0
VAV econ 3.9 0
CV no econ 12.9 0
VAV econ 3.6 0
CV no econ 11.1 0
VAV econ 11.8 0

Building
City System type kWh/ton kW/ton
Type
CV no econ 12.0 0
VAV econ 7.0 0
CV no econ 11.0 0
VAV econ 5.0 0
CV no econ 11.0 0
VAV econ 6.0 0
CV no econ 12.0 0
Large Office Massena CV econ 5.0 0
VAV econ 5.0 0
CV no econ 14.0 0
NYC CV econ 5.0 0
VAV econ 7.0 0
CV no econ 13.0 0
VAV econ 7.0 0
CV no econ 11.0 0
VAV econ 7.0 0

Building
City System type kWh/ton kW/ton
Type
CV no econ 9.3 0
VAV econ 6.3 0
CV no econ 9.6 0
VAV econ 4.9 0
CV no econ 9.5 0
VAV econ 5.6 0
CV no econ 9.1 0
Large Retail Massena CV econ 3.8 0
VAV econ 6.0 0
CV no econ 10.9 0
NYC CV econ 4.8 0
VAV econ 8.6 0
CV no econ 9.8 0
VAV econ 7.1 0
CV no econ 9.1 0
VAV econ 7.3 0
CV no econ 5.6 0
VAV econ 4.1 0
CV no econ 5.0 0
VAV econ 3.3 0
CV no econ 5.0 0
VAV econ 3.8 0
CV no econ 5.1 0
University Massena CV econ 3.0 0
VAV econ 3.8 0
CV no econ 6.6 0
NYC CV econ 3.9 0
VAV econ 5.7 0
CV no econ 6.7 0
VAV econ 4.5 0
CV no econ 5.4 0
VAV econ 4.1 0


CV no econ 9.7 0
VAV econ 5.0 0
CV no econ 9.6 0
VAV econ 4.2 0
CV no econ 9.9 0
VAV econ 4.5 0
CV no econ 9.3 0
Other Massena CV econ 4.1 0
VAV econ 4.4 0
CV no econ 10.7 0
NYC CV econ 4.9 0
VAV econ 5.9 0
CV no econ 10.3 0
VAV econ 5.3 0
CV no econ 9.7 0
VAV econ 5.1 0
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010

Appendix K: Variable Frequency Drive
APPENDIX K
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES
Unit energy (kWh) savings for VFDs were estimated by building type, HVAC type and city
using DOE-2.2 simulations of the prototype buildings with built-up HVAC systems. The
simulations were run for each of the three built-up system types (CV no economizer, CV with
economizer, and VAV with economizer) and the results were weighted according to the HVAC
system weights shown in Appendix B. The results for each prototype are shown by measure and
location below:
Community College
Measure Unit Savings (kWh/hp)
Climate
CW Pump CHW Pump HW Pump Return Fan Supply Fan Tower Fan
Albany 606 683 497 429 452 216
Binghamton 716 682 496 510 534 256
Buffalo 663 631 460 471 495 237
Massena 553 835 383 390 412 197
NYC 419 399 290 293 312 150
Poughkeepsie 464 441 321 325 346 165
Syracuse 539 513 373 380 402 193
Dormitory
Climate
CW Pump CHW Pump HW Pump Tower Fan
Albany 961 453 386 190
Binghamton 963 453 386 143
Buffalo 964 453 386 152
Massena 966 451 388 166
NYC 965 453 393 266
Syracuse 966 452 388 204
High School
Climate
Albany 350 232 60 513 674 203
Binghamton 359 234 58 509 661 169
Buffalo 358 233 53 511 660 176
Massena 357 238 65 518 663 187
NYC 327 231 44 531 707 241
Poughkeepsie 348 232 54 522 699 209
Syracuse 346 236 59 527 692 210
Hospital
Climate
Albany 2,053 1,665 1,142 1,645 1,860 413
Binghamton 2,053 1,687 1,142 1,549 1,681 380
Buffalo 2,053 1,678 1,142 1,591 1,731 416
Massena 2,053 1,689 1,142 1,537 1,588 395
NYC 2,053 1,713 1,142 1,801 2,137 574
Poughkeepsie 2,053 1,718 1,142 1,694 1,977 487
Syracuse 2,053 1,671 1,142 1,618 1,796 415

Hotel
Climate
Albany 73 1,740 6,559 326 250 1,571
Binghamton 73 1,745 6,554 284 211 1,423
Buffalo 75 1,764 6,551 321 247 1,583
Massena 72 1,802 6,499 284 188 1,377
NYC 75 1,925 6,603 332 242 1,525
Poughkeepsie 73 2,198 6,563 286 201 1,475
Syracuse 74 1,854 6,556 295 209 1,497
Large Retail
Climate
Albany 1,049 3,421 3,287 1,085 1,282 280
Binghamton 1,059 3,481 3,241 1,074 1,266 217
Buffalo 1,062 3,462 3,270 1,082 1,272 240
Massena 1,053 3,448 3,246 1,080 1,257 251
NYC 1,020 3,310 3,411 1,091 1,310 396
Poughkeepsie 1,036 3,385 3,361 1,093 1,306 341
Syracuse 1,054 3,429 3,298 1,089 1,289 296
Office
Climate
Albany 1,334 1,231 981 1,286 1,646 269
Binghamton 1,315 1,195 905 1,156 1,463 233
Buffalo 1,299 1,196 938 1,154 1,467 255
Massena 1,382 1,258 981 1,315 1,625 248
NYC 1,183 1,176 845 1,258 1,605 407
Poughkeepsie 1,208 1,165 742 1,240 1,606 344
Syracuse 1,295 1,213 1,005 1,236 1,578 292
University
Climate
Albany 687 767 570 669 747 231
Binghamton 701 757 571 591 621 185
Buffalo 696 760 573 623 642 216
Massena 705 754 579 673 718 195
NYC 668 802 550 850 1,038 308
Poughkeepsie 683 775 558 789 959 261
Syracuse 680 771 572 685 738 251
For the city, measure, and building type combinations not addressed above, use data supplied by
National Grid shown below. The unit savings estimates are based on data developed by NSTAR
for the Massachusetts TRM1641. These values were trued up to National Grid evaluation studies
by computing the ratio of the savings by VFD application from the National Grid Massachusetts
Energy Initiative program evaluation to the average value by application across the NSTAR data.
This adjustment factor was then applied to each of the NSTAR values. The adjusted savings are
shown below.
NSTAR VFD savings taken from Chan, T. Formulation of a Prescriptive Incentive for the VFD and Motors and
1641
VFD Impact Tables at NSTAR, June, 2010.


Boiler WLHP
CHW HW Return Supply
Building Type Exh fan CT fan FW MAF circ
pump pump fan fan
pump pump
Elm/HSchool 1,968 1,492 2,088 1,334
Grocery 1,726 392 398 1,275 752 1,368 924 1,007 1,711
Health* 1,863 1,812 1,842 1,912
Hotel/Motel 1,740 1,694 2,067 1,788
Multi-Family** 1,768 1,806 1,892 902 1,025 1,934
Offices 1,840 1,440 2,054 1,685
Restaurant 1,899 424 381 1,526 916 1,613 936 1,059 1,845
Retail 1,707 1,504 1,469 1,561
University/College 2,011 1,788 1,976 1,594
Warehouse 1,828 195 199 1,545 934 1,982 823 936 1,468
*Health includes hospital building types
**Multi-family includes dormitory building types
Peak demand savings were taken from the NSTAR data, as shown below:
Measure Unit Demand Savings (kW/hp)
Boiler WLHP
CHW HW Return Supply
Building Type Exh fan CT fan FW MAF circ
pump pump fan fan
pump pump
Elm/HSchool 0.411 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.300
Grocery 0.284 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.194
Health* 0.119 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.061
Hotel/Motel 0.119 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.061
Multi-Family** 0.119 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.061
Offices 0.119 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.061
Restaurant 0.284 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.194
Retail 0.119 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.061
University/College 0.119 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.119 0.111 0.070 0.061
Warehouse 0.119 -0.025 0.061 0.498 0.498 0.284 0.111 0.070 0.061
*Health includes hospital building types
**Multi-family includes dormitory building types
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
6-19-13 6/28/2019

Appendix L: EISA Minimum Motor Efficiency
APPENDIX L
MINIMUM MOTOR EFFICIENCY – ECCCNYS
The energy savings baseline efficiency for all normal replacement motors rebated after the
new standards take effect is shown below:
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010

Appendix M: Guidelines for Early Replacement Condition
APPENDIX M
GUIDELINES FOR EARLY REPLACEMENT CONDITION

Getting Started
The full manual, beginning in Section 2, explains the concepts of the tables and their use, and the
choices offered to PAs. It also contains various instructions on such matters as data retention and
the tracking database. This first section contains the immediate directions to get a quick start on
the simplest case. These tables can only be used regarding the proposed replacement of
equipment that has not reached its prescribed Effective Useful Life (EUL). Two other conditions
are pertinent to use of this page:
The PA accepts agrees to use the assumptions for each measure regarding the typical relationship
between incremental costs and savings and the full costs and savings of replacing the older (but
pre-EUL) equipment with the high efficiency equipment promoted by the program. The
measures in question are listed in Table M-1 without an “a” or a “b” superscript.
If these conditions are met, the fundamental steps for calculation would be as follows:
• Calculate the full costs of replacing the old equipment with the program measure,
including labor.
• Calculate the full first year savings of the program measure using the existing equipment
as the baseline, assume such savings through the EUL of the new equipment, monetize
the savings per the prescribed annual Long Run Avoided Costs (LRACs) estimates, and
calculate the present value of this stream of monetized savings using Staff’s discount rate.
This present value is referred to herein as the Inflated Benefits.1642
• Estimate the remaining useful life (RUL) of the old equipment in place.
• Turn to the measure-specific costs and savings tables of the measure in question (the
measures are grouped by the EUL on Table M-1).
• Go down each table to the row for the estimated RUL and find the percentage adjustment
factor in the column for the measure.
• Multiply the Inflated Benefits by the benefits factor.
• Multiply the full costs by the costs factor.
• For Total Resources Cost (TRC) analysis, use the two products from steps 6 and 7.
• For first year savings to report against approved program goals, use the full savings.
Introduction
In the EEPS Order issued on October 18, 2010 (p.9),1643 the Commission stated, regarding TRC
analysis of early replacements in individual projects, that it was “. . . directing Staff to develop a
new approach, based on the dual baseline approach, which provides consistency between the
treatment of savings and costs. The Director of the Office of Energy Efficiency and Environment
is directed to compile and provide simplifying lookup tables, which provide early replacement
1642
“Inflated Benefits” is simply a concept designed to be an intermediate step in the computation of estimated dual
baseline benefits, using the tables in this Appendix. It does not imply an assumption that the old equipment, absent
the program, would have continued in use through the life of the new equipment.
1643
Case 07-M-0548, Order Approving Consolidation and Revision of Technical Manuals (issued October 18,
2010).

method energy savings consistent with the dual baseline concept as an attachment to the
consolidated Technical Manual (TM).” Staff was also directed “to develop a consistent cost
estimation approach which reflects the concept that the costs of making a high efficiency early
replacement will avoid an end-of useful-life replacement with minimally code compliant
equipment.”
Early Replacement vs. Normal Replacement
Early replacement is defined in the Order as the replacement of equipment before it reaches its
Effective Useful Life (EUL), whereas end-of-life or normal replacement refers to the
replacement of equipment that has reached or passed the end of its measure-prescribed EUL.
The crucial difference between end-of-life replacement and early replacement is that end-of-
life/normal uses “incremental” costs and savings while early replacement uses “full” values:
• Incremental savings is defined as the annual energy use of the currently-on-the-market
standard, minimally compliant equipment minus the annual energy use of the high
efficiency equipment subsidized by the program.
• Full savings is defined as the annual energy use of the old equipment in place minus the
annual energy use of the high efficiency equipment subsidized by the program.
• Incremental cost is defined as the full cost of new efficient equipment minus the cost of
the currently-on-the-market standard, minimally-compliant equipment, plus the time
value penalty (the present value cost of a dollar amount increases with earlier spending,
see below).
• Full cost is simply the cost (including installation) of the new efficient equipment.
Early replacement not only accelerates savings to the electric grid but also allows PAs to claim
greater first-year annual savings toward their annual energy goals because full savings are
reported as the first-year savings. If a PA cannot substantiate that the age of the equipment in
place is less than its EUL and therefore a case of early replacement, the replacement must be
screened as normal (end of life) replacement, with the incremental savings reported as the first-
year savings toward approved program goals.
In both normal and early replacement conditions, the establishment of the correct baseline is
critical in accurately estimating gross energy and demand impacts. However, while the TM
addresses the establishment of the baseline for normal replacement conditions, it rarely addresses
the establishment of baselines for early replacement conditions. This Appendix M provides two
sets of lookup tables and guidance designed to simplify the complex mathematical analysis of
dual-baseline cases and reduce PA data needs. The first set of tables, for typical early
replacement measure conditions as developed by TecMarket Works, reflects data, discussed
below, that PAs might find it difficult to obtain. The second set of tables requires PAs to provide
these data but still simplifies the calculations.
The standard early replacement condition, illustrated in Figure 1, involves a customer who
replaces equipment before it reaches the end of its EUL. That is, the equipment is fully
functioning and would continue to function for some period of time; referred to as the remaining
useful life (RUL). However, the customer is induced by the program to replace this existing
equipment with more efficient equipment. It is assumed that at the end of the RUL, absent the
program, the customer would have installed equipment that would meet the existing efficiency

code or appliance standard, i.e., equipment that represents the market average efficiency or the
efficiency that had become the industry standard (referred to as the code/standard equipment).
Energy savings in this example would consist of two portions. The customer would have
experienced the full savings defined by Area X (energy use C-A for the RUL period T2-T1). At
the end of the RUL, the savings for the period T3-T2 would be reduced to incremental savings
defined by area Y. To carry out these calculations, information on two (dual) baselines is
required, the energy use of the pre-existing equipment and the energy use of code/standard
equipment. Information on energy use for the high efficiency equipment provided through the
program will also be required.
The cost would also have to be calculated in a manner consistent with early replacement. In
normal replacement situations, one would use the incremental cost that is defined as the cost of
the new efficient equipment minus the cost of the code/standard equipment. In the early
replacement case, the incremental cost is calculated in a slightly different manner. This
calculation recognizes that, while the customer purchased efficient equipment with the assistance
of the program, it would have purchased code/standard equipment at some time in the future, i.e.,
at the end of the RUL, had the program not existed.
Thus, one would first have to determine the full cost of the new efficient equipment (including
the installation labor) at T1 and the full cost of the code/standard equipment (including the
installation labor) at T2. The incremental costs would then be calculated as the cost of the new
efficient equipment minus the present value (PV) of the cost that is avoided in the future for the
code/standard equipment. Figure 2 presents a case in which the RUL is 4 years and, absent the

program, the code/standard equipment would have been installed in the fifth year. This
calculation differs from the normal/end of life replacement incremental cost in adding the time
value of money for spending earlier.
Figure 2. Incremental Cost Calculation for an Early Replacement of Equipment with an RUL of
Four Years
Year PV with Program PV without Program

1 Full cost of high efficient equipment 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
4 0 0
5 0 Full cost of Code/Standard Equipment
The two key inputs necessary for these calculations, the energy use and the cost of the
code/standard equipment, may not be readily available to PA field staff and are subject to change
before the end of the equipment’s RUL in the absence of a program. Note that the first set of
tables in this Appendix M is based on current codes and standards. If a PA can document the
needed energy use and cost data, it can choose to use the second set of tables. Both sets of tables
are based on a “ratio approach”.
The Ratio Approach to the Dual Baseline with the Lookup Tables
This approach focuses on the ratio of incremental savings to full savings1644 and the ratio of
incremental costs to full costs. These ratios, shown at the top of the attached tables, determine
the factors that PAs can use to adjust the savings and cost data they do have. The first set of
tables, the measure-specific set, allows the early replacement calculations to be performed in a
manner that only requires the program administrator to have the Remaining Useful Life (RUL)
of the equipment in place and the full savings and costs of the project. The ratios in the first set
of tables (M-2 through M-19) were developed by TecMarket Works. The second set of tables
(M-29 through M-38), the non-measure-specific set, requires the program administrators to
provide their own incremental costs and savings ratios (based on the code/standard equipment).
To use the second set of tables, PAs must match ratios that they have calculated to corresponding
ratios in the tables.
The source of these two ratios for the first set of tables is the Database for Energy Efficient
Resources (DEER), most recently updated by Itron for the California Public Utility Commission
in 2009. Among other things, DEER contains energy use and costs for selected energy-efficient
technologies and equipment in the residential and nonresidential sectors. DEER also contains the
same information for typical equipment, those commonly installed in the marketplace.
To use either set of tables PAs will need to calculate the first-year annual savings as the annual
energy use of the old equipment in place minus the annual energy use of the high efficiency
equipment (the full savings). These full savings are then counted for each year of the EUL as is
1644
The savings values ratios are not lifecycle present values but are rather the line segments in Figure 1 on the
vertical axis: (B – A) divided by (C – A).

represented as area X in Figure 3. For each year of the EUL (T3 – T1) of the new equipment, the
full kWh or therm savings are converted to dollar benefits by multiplying them by the
Commission’s avoided costs estimates for that year. As a preliminary step in using the tables,
the PAs will calculate this “inflated lifecycle benefits” as the present value of the stream of full
savings benefits for the EUL of the new equipment.
In cases of early replacement under the ratio approach, it is these inflated lifecycle benefits that
must be adjusted using the appropriate inflated lifecycle benefits adjustment factor. For a given
measure with a given EUL, RUL and ratio of incremental savings to full savings, the inflated
lifecycle benefits adjustment factor is the ratio (presented as a percentage) of the present value of
the dual baseline lifecycle benefits (X+Y) illustrated in Figure 1 to the present value of the
inflated lifecycle benefits illustrated in Figure 3.
PAs can obtain these factors from either the set of DEER-based tables or from the set of PA-
based tables if a PA can calculate its own incremental savings to full savings ratios.
Under the Commission requirement of consistent treatment of savings and costs, the full costs1645
must also be adjusted downward. PAs can obtain the full cost adjustment factors from either the
DEER-based Tables based on typical ratios of incremental cost to full cost or from the PA-based
Tables if a PA can calculate its own incremental cost to full cost ratios. The DEER-based set of
lookup tables runs from M-2 through M-28. Of these, M-2 through M-10 cover benefits, M-11
through M-19 costs, and M-20 through M-28 adjusted EULs. The PA-based set of lookup tables
1645
Full costs include the capital cost of the new efficient equipment plus installation cost.

runs from M-29 through M-47. Of these, M-29 through M-37 cover benefits, M-38 all costs
(only the RUL matters, not the EUL), and M-39 through M-47adjusted EULs.
DEER-Based Look-Up Tables
The first set of tables includes look-up tables M-2 through M-10, which present the Inflated
Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors. The tables are based primarily on data contained in the
California 2009 DEER. For each qualified equipment type, the median ratio of incremental
savings to the full savings was calculated. These ratios along with the RULs, ranging from 1 year
to the EUL minus 1 year, are shown in the look-up tables and are used to derive the factors
needed to adjust the inflated lifecycle benefits.
Tables M-11 through M-19 present the full cost adjustment factors, for the same equipment
addressed in Tables M-2 through M-10, for the same RUL ranges. For each qualified equipment
type, the median ratio of incremental costs to the full costs was calculated.
To use these tables of typical ratios, a PA must have gathered the following four pieces of
information:
• the EUL of the new efficient equipment,
• the RUL of the old equipment in place,
• the full savings of the equipment (annual energy use of the old equipment in place minus
the annual energy of the high efficiency equipment supported by the program), and
• the full costs (including installation)
The EUL for a given measure is obtained from Table M-1, which is a compilation of the EULs
for all the relevant measures in the consolidated Technical Manual effective January 1, 2011 that
could qualify for early replacement1646. The RUL1647, the full savings, and the full costs are
provided by the program implementer. Note that documentation for PA estimates of these data
must be retained for possible Staff review. Table M-1 also presents the normal replacement
baseline equipment against which each of the 29 measures covered in this table is compared.
Note that the lookup tables apply only to the 23 measures without an a or b designation in Table
M-1.
1646
Early replacement is inappropriate for such equipment as wall insulation, right sizing, setback thermostats, and
sub-metering since nothing is being replaced. Lighting equipment has also been excluded since it is expected to be
treated as pre-qualified.
1647
Upon request, Staff will provide a suggested questionnaire to assist in the determination of the RUL.

Table M-2. Early Replacement Measures, EULs, and Baselines
Measures EUL Normal Replacement Baseline

Heat Pump Water Heater: Residential 10 Code Electric Storage Water Heater
Room Air Conditioner: Residential 10 EPACT Room Air Conditioner
Clothes Washer: Single Family: Residential 11 EPACT Clothes Washer
ENERGY STAR Dishwashers: Residential 11 EPACT Dishwasher
Water Heater: Gas: Residential 11 Code Gas Storage Water Heater
Energy Star Dehumidifier: Residentiala
12 Standard Efficiency Dehumidifier
Refrigerators: Nonresidential 12 EPACT Refrigerator
Indirect Water Heaters: Residential 13 Code Gas Storage Water Heater
Water Heater: Electric: Residential 13 Code Electric Storage Water Heater
Clothes Washer: Multi-Family Residential 14 EPACT Clothes Washer
Air Compressor Upgrade: Nonresidential 15 Standard Efficiency Rotary Screw Compressor
Central Air Conditioning: Residential 15 Code Central AC with gas heat
Central Air Source Heat Pumps: Residential 15 Code Central Air Source Heat Pump
Cool Roof: Nonresidential a 15 Standard Roof
Cooling Tower: Nonresidential a
15 Standard Efficiency Cooling Tower
Efficient Air-Cooled Refrigeration Condenser: Nonresidential a
15 Standard Efficiency Refrigeration Condenser
Indirect Water Heaters: Nonresidential 15 Code Gas Storage Water Heater
Motors: Nonresidential b 15 EISA Minimum Efficiency Motor
Packaged Air Conditioners (Central AC): Nonresidential 15 Code Packaged Air Conditioner
Packaged Air Source Heat Pumps (CAC Cooling Only): Nonresidential 15 Code Packaged Air Source Heat Pump
Water Heaters: Nonresidential (Gas & Electric) 15 Code Storage Water Heater
Refrigerators: Residential 17 EPACT Refrigerator
Chillers: Nonresidential 20 Code Chiller
Gas Furnaces and Boilers: Nonresidential 20 Code Furnace and Boiler
High Efficiency Gas Furnaces: Residential 20 Code Furnace
High Performance Glazing: Nonresidential b 20 Code Glazing
High Performance Windows (Gas Heating Only): Residential 20 Code Window
Instantaneous Water Heater: Residential 20 Code Storage Water Heater
Gas Boilers: Residential 25 Code Boiler
EPACT refers to efficiency standards promulgated by the Energy Policy and Conservation Act
of 2005
EISA refers to efficiency standards promulgated by the Energy Independence and Security Act
of 2007
Code refers to New York State Construction codes, which reference ASHRAE standards.
For measures assigned an a, the efficiency of the old in place unit is still the common practice or
no new standards have been adopted, i.e., the baseline for the full savings and the incremental
savings are the same. As a result, the ratio of incremental to full savings is near 1.0, meaning that
a PA can claim the full savings for the entire EUL of the new equipment (areas X and Y in
Figure 4). Therefore, the lookup tables do not apply.
For these measures assigned a b, the high efficiency equipment subsidized by the program is
consistent with current code or standards. For these measures, the incremental savings are zero
and thus the ratio of incremental to full savings is 0.0.This means that a PA can claim full

savings for only the RUL (area X in Figure 5), after which the high-efficiency replacement
would have occurred anyway. Therefore, the lookup tables do not apply.
Figure 4. Efficiency of the Old In Place Unit Is Still Figure 5. High Efficiency Equipment Subsidized by the
the Common Practice Or No New Standards Program Is Consistent with Current Code Or Standards
B, C C
e e
s s
U U
y y
g
re X Y g
r
e
X
n n
E E (c )
E E (c )
 E (b )
A A, B Y E(b)
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
 E (c ) = C-A
 E (b ) =B-A
C = Energy use of pre -existing equipment
B = Energy use of equipment that meets code
A = Energy use of the efficient equipment rebated through program
T1 = Date on which new efficient equipment is installed
T2 = Date on which existing equipment was expected to have failed
T3= Date on which the new efficient equipment is expected to fail
T3 – T1 = Expected effective useful life (EUL) of the new efficient equipment
T2 – T1 = Expected remaining useful life (RUL) of the pre- existing equipment
T3 – T2 = Expected remaining EUL of the new efficient equipment
After obtaining the four pieces of information listed above, the program implementer can
determine the appropriate inflated lifecycle benefits adjustment factor by which to multiply the
inflated lifecycle benefits and the full cost adjustment factor by which to multiply the full costs.
These adjusted inflated lifecycle benefits and adjusted full costs are to be used in the TRC ratio
in the screening of measures in specific projects.
4.1.1 Table Organization
The DEER-Based Tables are divided into two groups:
• Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors (Tables M-2 through M-10)
• Full-Cost Adjustment Factor (Tables M-11 through M-19)
Each set of tables addresses the same 23 measures or varieties of measures grouped by the EUL.
In each table, the left column contains the RULs from 1 year through the EUL minus 1 year. For
example, Table M-5 presents Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors for measures with an
EUL of 15 years. Therefore, Table M-5 contains RULs from 1 through 14.
• The first row of each table contains the names of each measure addressed in the table.
• The second row of each table indicates whether the measure is residential, non-residential
or both.
• The third row of each table lists the median ratio associated with each measure. For
Tables M-2 through M-10 and Tables M-20 through M-28, the ratio is the ratio of the
incremental savings to the full savings for each measure. For Tables M-11 through M-19,
the ratio is the ratio of the incremental costs to the full costs for each measure.

The remaining cells in the matrix contain:

• For Tables M-2 through M-10, the cells contain the Inflated Lifecycle Benefit
Adjustment Factors
• For Tables M-11 through M-19, the cells contain the Full-Cost Adjustment Factors
4.1.2 Example
Consider the following example for a group of five measures, residential and non-residential air
conditioners (central ACs/packaged units) covering four levels of efficiency, each with an EUL
of 15 years:
• non-residential domestic electric water heaters (service hot water),
• non-residential domestic gas water heaters,
• non-residential indirect water heaters, and
• non-residential air compressors.
Table M-5 presents the inflated lifecycle benefits adjustment factors for these five measures.
For central air conditioners, the program implementer must determine the SEER of the new
efficient unit, estimate the RUL for the old unit in place, and select the appropriate lifecycle
benefits adjustment factor. For example, if the SEER of the new efficient unit is 17 and the
estimated RUL is 4 years, Table M-5 shows that the inflated lifecycle benefits adjustment factor
is 0.63. Thus, the inflated lifecycle benefits should be multiplied by 0.63.
For a central air conditioner with a SEER of 17 and an estimated RUL of 4 years, Table M-14
shows that the full-cost adjustment factor is 0.44. Thus, the full cost of the new efficient central
air conditioner should be multiplied by the full-cost adjustment factor of 0.44.
4.1.3 Trends on the Lookup Tables and Calculation of Ratios
This section discusses the directions in which RULs and the savings and costs ratios affect the
adjustment factors, and illustrates how the ratios are calculated.
• Tables M-2 through M-10: The longer the RUL is, the larger the share of the inflated
lifecycle benefits that a PA can claim. Also, the greater the ratio of incremental savings to
full savings; the larger the share of the inflated lifecycle benefits that a PA can claim.
Consider the following example of equipment with an EUL of 10 years and annual kWh
use of 2,000 kWh that is removed in its 6th year (RUL=4 years) and replaced with an
energy efficient version of the equipment with an annual kWh use of 1,400 kWh. The full
savings are 600 kWh (2,000 - 1,400). It is assumed that in four years the customer would
have installed equipment that, at a minimum, met the current efficiency code of annual
energy use. The ratio will change depending on the efficiency of the code/standard
equipment:
o If the kWh use associated with code/standard is 1,600 kWh, then the incremental
savings = (1,600 – 1,400) or 200 and the ratio = (200/600) or 0.33.
o If the kWh use associated with code/standard is 1800 kWh, then the incremental
savings = (1,800 – 1,400) or 400 and the ratio = (400/600) or 0.67.

A less strict code (one that allows higher consumption) allows a PA to claim a larger share of the
inflated lifecycle benefits. In other words, the higher the kWh use associated with the
code/standard equipment, the more the program is accomplishing in avoiding standard
equipment.
• Tables M-11 through M-19: The longer the RUL is, the larger the share of the unadjusted
costs for a PA to include (larger time value penalty). Also, the greater the ratio of
incremental costs to full costs is, the larger the share of the unadjusted costs for a PA to
include. Continuing with the above example, assume that the full cost of the energy
efficient equipment is $2,000. It is assumed that in four years the customer would have
installed code/standard equipment. The ratio will change depending on the cost of the
code/standard equipment:
o If the full cost of the minimally compliant equipment is $1,400, then the
incremental cost = $600 and the ratio = ($600/$2,000) or 0.30.
o If the full cost of the minimally compliant equipment is $1,800, then the
incremental cost = $200 and the ratio = ($200/$2,000) or 0.10.
• The higher cost of the minimally compliant equipment, which lowers the incremental
cost, allows a PA to take into account a smaller portion of the full cost of the efficient
measure when calculating a TRC. In other words, the higher the cost of the minimally
compliant equipment that the customer would have incurred without the program, the
lower the cost of the program.
4.2. PA-Based Look-Up Tables

If a PA is able to calculate its own ratio of the incremental savings to full savings and/or the ratio
of incremental costs to full cost, then they may choose to use the second set of tables. If a PA
chooses to use its own savings ratio and/or cost ratio, it should identify the ratio in the
appropriate tables (M-29 through M-47) that is closest to the one(s) it developed. These 19 tables
are for the most part organized and interpreted in the same manner as Tables M-2 through M-28.
The only exceptions are that the ratios range1648 from 0.95 to .05 in increments of 0.05, and there
are no measure designations. To use these tables, a PA will still need to gather the same four
pieces of information needed to use the first set of tables:
• the EUL of the new efficient equipment,
• the RUL of the old equipment in place,
• the full costs (including installation)
Additionally, the PA will need documented estimates of incremental costs and savings in order
to calculate:
• The ratio of incremental savings to full savings, and/or
• The ratio of incremental costs to full cost
1648
The lookup tables do not apply to measures that have a ratio of incremental savings to full savings or a ratio of
incremental costs to full costs of 1.0 or 0.0 for the same reasons provided earlier in Section 2.1.

Note that all documentation for PA estimates of this data must be retained for Staff review, in
accordance with Guidance Document EE-08, dated March 31, 2014. This guidance document
can be found at:
www3.dps.ny.gov/W/PSCWeb.nsf/All/31D14D1DDC55FB2185257B240062B398?OpenDocum
entLi
Program-Tracking Database Requirements

The program tracking databases are maintained by the PAs for the purposes of current reporting
and future impact evaluations. The Impact Evaluation section has many fields not used for
current reporting. The Department of Public Service hereby adds, for cases of early replacement,
six additional required variables.
Type of Installation (TRC Approach)1649,

• The Adjusted Full Savings (full savings multiplied by the full-savings adjustment factor),
• The Adjusted Full Cost (full cost multiplied by the full-cost adjustment factor),
• The Ratio of Incremental Savings to Full Savings,
• The Ratio of Incremental Costs to Full Costs, and
• The Adjusted EUL (discussed below).
The Adjusted EUL is defined as that period of years over which the full savings would be
claimed such that it matches the present value dollar benefits of the underlying dual baseline.
That is, the EUL of the new equipment in Figure 6 below, represented by Tx – T1, is adjusted so
that the present value of lifecycle benefits represented by area X in Figure 6 is equivalent to the
present value of the lifecycle benefits represented by the sum of areas X and Y in Figure 1.
The longer the RUL is, the larger the adjusted EUL. This follows the same logic as the case of
the inflated lifecycle benefit adjustment factors except that the result is an adjusted EUL (that
1649
ER=Early Replacement; NR=Normal Replacement; SC=Special Circumstance; AO=Add On. Add on refers to
adding something, which replaces nothing. Examples include adding controls to a boiler that had none, or adding
insulation where there was none or some. Add-on measures are modeled at full costs and full savings for the length
of their EULs. The full savings are reported toward first-year goals.

portion of the EUL for which the PV of using the full savings would equal the PV of the dual
baseline savings).
PAs can obtain the adjusted EULs from the DEER-Based Tables based on typical ratios of
incremental savings to full savings or from the PA-Based Tables if a PA can calculate its own
savings ratios. The adjusted EUL is not used for TRC screening, but for the program’s tracking
database. The tables are organized in the same way as the earlier tables. The only difference is
that the cells in the matrix contain adjusted EULs in years. Tables M-20 through M-28 contain
DEER-Based adjusted EULs while Tables M-39 through M-47 contain PA-Based adjusted
EULs.
Table M-3. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Residential Boilers
Boiler-G
Res
Median Ratio of Incremental
Savings to Full Savings
0.15
Artificial Lifecycle Benefit

Adjustment Factors
RUL
1 20%
2 26%
3 32%
4 37%
5 42%
6 47%
7 52%
8 56%
9 60%
10 64%
11 68%
12 68%
13 71%
14 75%
15 78%
16 81%
17 84%
18 86%
19 89%
20 91%
21 94%
22 94%
23 96%
24 98%
EUL = 25

Table M-4. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Chillers, Furnaces, Non-Res Boilers, and High Performance
Windows
Chiller: Water Chiller: Water Chiller: Water

Chiller: Air Chiller: Water Chiller: Water Chiller: Water High
Chiller: Water Cooled Cooled Cooled Furnace-G Furnace-G Furnace-G Furnace-G
Cooled Recip Cooled Screw Cooled Screw Cooled Screw Boiler-G Performance
Cooled Recip Centrifugal < Centrifugal 150- Centrifugal > (AFUE 90) (AFUE 92) (AFUE 94) (AFUE 96)
and Screw < 150 ton 150-300 ton > 300 ton Windows-G
150 ton 300 ton 300 ton
Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Res/Non-Res Res/Non-Res Res/Non-Res Res/Non-Res Res
Median Ratio of Incremental Savings to Full Savings
0.50 0.15 0.37 0.31 0.69 0.58 0.38 0.31 0.27 0.44 0.48 0.51 0.54 0.63
Artificial Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors

RUL
1 53% 23% 42% 36% 72% 63% 42% 36% 35% 47% 53% 53% 58% 68%
2 58% 29% 47% 42% 72% 63% 47% 42% 35% 53% 58% 58% 63% 68%
3 63% 36% 53% 47% 76% 67% 53% 47% 41% 58% 58% 63% 63% 72%
4 63% 42% 58% 53% 76% 72% 58% 53% 47% 63% 63% 68% 68% 72%
5 67% 47% 58% 58% 80% 72% 58% 58% 53% 63% 68% 68% 72% 76%
6 72% 53% 63% 58% 80% 76% 63% 58% 58% 68% 68% 72% 72% 80%
7 72% 53% 67% 63% 84% 76% 67% 63% 63% 72% 72% 76% 76% 80%
8 76% 58% 72% 67% 84% 80% 72% 67% 68% 72% 76% 76% 80% 84%
9 80% 63% 72% 72% 87% 84% 72% 72% 68% 76% 76% 80% 80% 84%
10 80% 67% 76% 76% 87% 84% 76% 76% 72% 80% 80% 80% 84% 87%
11 84% 72% 80% 76% 91% 87% 80% 76% 76% 80% 84% 84% 84% 87%
12 87% 76% 84% 80% 91% 87% 84% 80% 80% 84% 84% 87% 87% 91%
13 87% 80% 84% 84% 94% 91% 84% 84% 84% 87% 87% 87% 87% 91%
14 91% 84% 87% 87% 94% 91% 87% 87% 84% 87% 91% 91% 91% 94%
15 91% 87% 91% 87% 94% 94% 91% 87% 87% 91% 91% 91% 94% 94%
16 94% 91% 91% 91% 97% 94% 91% 91% 91% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94%
17 94% 91% 94% 94% 97% 97% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 97% 97%
18 97% 94% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97%
19 100% 97% 97% 97% 100% 100% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 20

Table M-5. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Residential Refrigerators
Refrigerator-E
Res
0.11
RUL Adjustment Factors
1 17%
2 25%
3 32%
4 39%
5 46%
6 52%
7 58%
8 64%
9 69%
10 74%
11 79%
12 79%
13 84%
14 88%
15 92%
16 96%
EUL = 17

Table M-6. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Central Air Conditioners, Air Source Heat Pumps, Non-Res Water
Heaters, Indirect Water Heaters, and Air Compressor Upgrades
Central Air Central Air Central Air Central Air Central Air Air
Indirect Water
conditioner conditioner conditioner conditioner conditioner DHW-E DHW-G Compressor
Heater-G
(SEER 14) (SEER 15) (SEER 16) (SEER 17) (SEER 18) Upgrade-E
Res/Non-Res Res/Non-Res Res/Non-Res Res/Non-Res Res/Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res Non-Res
0.19 0.31 0.38 0.44 0.48 0.60 0.21 0.34 0.48

RUL
1 27% 35% 50% 50% 56% 63% 35% 42% 50%
2 35% 43% 50% 56% 56% 69% 35% 49% 56%
3 43% 50% 56% 56% 63% 69% 42% 49% 63%
4 50% 56% 56% 63% 69% 75% 49% 56% 69%
5 56% 63% 63% 69% 69% 75% 56% 63% 69%
6 56% 63% 69% 69% 75% 80% 63% 69% 75%
7 63% 69% 75% 75% 75% 80% 63% 69% 75%
8 69% 75% 75% 80% 80% 86% 69% 75% 80%
9 75% 80% 80% 80% 86% 86% 75% 80% 86%
10 80% 80% 86% 86% 86% 91% 80% 86% 86%
11 86% 86% 86% 91% 91% 91% 86% 86% 91%
12 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 95% 91% 91% 91%
13 91% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 91% 96% 95%
14 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 96% 96% 95%
EUL = 15

Table M-7. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Multi-Family Clothes Washers
Clothes Washer-G
MF Res

0.39

RUL
Adjustment Factors
1 45%
2 52%
3 59%
4 59%
5 66%
6 72%
7 72%
8 78%
9 84%
10 84%
11 90%
12 95%
13 95%
EUL = 14
Table M-8. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Residential Electric and Indirect Water Heaters
DHW-E Indirect Water Heater-G

Res Res

0.60 0.34

RUL
1 69% 46%
2 69% 46%
3 69% 54%
4 76% 62%
5 76% 62%
6 83% 69%
7 83% 76%
8 89% 82%
9 89% 82%
10 94% 89%
11 94% 94%
12 100% 94%
EUL = 13

Table M-9. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Non-Res Refrigerators
Refrigerator-E
Non-Res
0.34

Adjustment Factors
RUL
1 41%
2 50%
3 58%
4 58%
5 66%
6 73%
7 81%
8 81%
9 87%
10 94%
11 94%
EUL = 12
Table M-10. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Clothes Washers, Dishwashers, and Residential Gas Water
Heaters
Clothes Washer-E Dishwasher-E DHW-G

Res Res Res
0.39 0.33 0.21

RUL
1 43% 43% 33%
2 53% 53% 43%
3 62% 53% 43%
4 62% 62% 52%
5 70% 70% 61%
6 78% 78% 70%
7 78% 78% 78%
8 86% 86% 86%
9 93% 93% 86%
10 93% 93% 93%
EUL = 11

Table M-11. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors: Heat Pump Water Heaters and Room A/C
Heat Pump Water Heater-E Room Air Conditioner-E

Res Res
0.87 0.25

RUL
1 92% 36%
2 92% 47%
3 92% 57%
4 92% 57%
5 92% 66%
6 92% 75%
7 100% 84%
8 100% 84%
9 100% 92%
EUL = 10

Table M-12. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Residential Boilers
Boiler-G
Res
Cost to Full Cost
0.16
Full Cost Adjustment Factors

RUL
1 20%
2 25%
3 28%
4 32%
5 36%
6 39%
7 42%
8 45%
9 48%
10 51%
11 53%
12 56%
13 58%
14 60%
15 62%
16 64%
17 66%
18 68%
19 70%
20 71%
21 73%
22 74%
23 75%
24 77%
EUL = 25

Table M-13. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Chillers, Furnaces, Non-Res Boilers, and High Performance Windows

Cooled Recip Cooled Screw < Cooled Screw 150- Cooled Screw > Boiler-G Performance
and Screw 150 ton 300 ton 300 ton Windows-G
150 ton 300 ton 300 ton
Median Ratio of Incremental Cost to Full Cost
0.18 0.03 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.21 0.24 0.33 0.48 0.28 0.31 0.34 0.36 0.10

RUL
1 22% 8% 20% 18% 17% 25% 28% 36% 51% 32% 35% 37% 39% 15%
2 26% 13% 25% 22% 21% 29% 32% 40% 53% 35% 38% 41% 42% 19%
3 30% 17% 28% 26% 25% 33% 35% 43% 56% 39% 41% 44% 45% 23%
4 34% 22% 32% 30% 29% 36% 39% 46% 58% 42% 44% 47% 48% 27%
5 37% 26% 36% 33% 33% 40% 42% 49% 60% 45% 47% 50% 51% 31%
6 41% 30% 39% 37% 36% 43% 45% 51% 62% 48% 50% 52% 54% 35%
7 44% 33% 42% 40% 40% 46% 48% 54% 64% 51% 53% 55% 56% 38%
8 47% 37% 45% 43% 43% 49% 50% 56% 66% 53% 55% 57% 58% 41%
9 49% 40% 48% 46% 46% 51% 53% 59% 68% 56% 57% 59% 60% 44%
10 52% 43% 51% 49% 48% 54% 56% 61% 70% 58% 60% 61% 63% 47%
11 54% 46% 53% 52% 51% 56% 58% 63% 71% 60% 62% 63% 64% 50%
12 57% 49% 56% 54% 54% 58% 60% 65% 73% 62% 64% 65% 66% 53%
13 59% 52% 58% 57% 56% 61% 62% 67% 74% 64% 66% 67% 68% 55%
14 61% 54% 60% 59% 58% 63% 64% 68% 75% 66% 67% 69% 70% 57%
15 63% 57% 62% 61% 61% 65% 66% 70% 77% 68% 69% 70% 71% 60%
16 65% 59% 64% 63% 63% 66% 68% 72% 78% 69% 71% 72% 73% 62%
17 67% 61% 66% 65% 65% 68% 69% 73% 79% 71% 72% 73% 74% 64%
18 69% 63% 68% 67% 66% 70% 71% 74% 80% 73% 74% 75% 76% 66%
19 70% 65% 70% 69% 68% 71% 73% 76% 81% 74% 75% 76% 77% 67%
EUL = 20

Table M-14. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Residential Refrigerators
Refrigerator-E
Res
Cost to Full Cost
0.12

RUL
1 17%
2 21%
3 25%
4 29%
5 33%
6 36%
7 40%
8 43%
9 46%
10 48%
11 51%
12 54%
13 56%
14 58%
15 61%
16 63%
EUL = 17

Table M-15. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Central Air Conditioners, Air Source Heat Pumps, Non-Res Water Heaters,
Indirect Water Heaters, and Air Compressor Upgrades
Central Air Central Air Central Air Central Air Central Air
Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Air
Indirect Water
Source Heat Source Heat Source Heat Source Heat Source Heat DHW-E DHW-G Compressor
Heater-G
Pumps Pumps Pumps Pumps Pumps Upgrade-E
(SEER 14) (SEER 15) (SEER 16) (SEER 17) (SEER 18)
0.10 0.20 0.26 0.31 0.37 0.25 0.22 0.93 0.46

RUL
1 15% 24% 30% 35% 40% 29% 26% 93% 49%
2 19% 28% 34% 38% 43% 33% 30% 94% 51%
3 23% 32% 37% 41% 46% 36% 34% 94% 54%
4 27% 35% 40% 44% 49% 39% 37% 94% 56%
5 31% 39% 43% 47% 52% 43% 40% 95% 59%
6 35% 42% 46% 50% 54% 46% 43% 95% 61%
7 38% 45% 49% 53% 57% 48% 46% 95% 63%
8 41% 48% 52% 55% 59% 51% 49% 95% 65%
9 44% 51% 54% 57% 61% 54% 52% 96% 67%
10 47% 53% 57% 60% 63% 56% 54% 96% 68%
11 50% 56% 59% 62% 65% 58% 57% 96% 70%
12 53% 58% 61% 64% 67% 61% 59% 96% 72%
13 55% 60% 63% 66% 69% 63% 61% 97% 73%
14 57% 62% 65% 67% 70% 65% 63% 97% 74%
EUL = 15

Table M-16. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Multi-Family Clothes Washers
Clothes Washer-G
MF Res
Cost to Full Cost
0.24
RUL Full Cost Adjustment Factors
1 28%
2 32%
3 35%
4 39%
5 42%
6 45%
7 48%
8 50%
9 53%
10 56%
11 58%
12 60%
13 62%
EUL = 14

Table M-17. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Residential Electric and Indirect Water Heaters

Res Res
0.25 0.93

RUL
1 29% 93%
2 33% 94%
3 36% 94%
4 39% 94%
5 43% 95%
6 46% 95%
7 48% 95%
8 51% 95%
9 54% 96%
10 56% 96%
11 58% 96%
12 61% 96%
EUL = 13
Table M-18. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Non-Residential Refrigerators

Refrigerator-E
Non-Res
Cost to Full Cost
0.05

RUL
1 10%
2 15%
3 19%
4 23%
5 27%
6 31%
7 35%
8 38%
9 41%
10 44%
11 47%
EUL = 12

Table M-19. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Clothes Washers, Dishwashers, and Residential Gas Water Heaters

Res Res Res
0.24 0.06 0.22

RUL
1 28% 11% 26%
2 32% 16% 30%
3 35% 20% 34%
4 39% 24% 37%
5 42% 28% 40%
6 45% 32% 43%
7 48% 35% 46%
8 50% 39% 49%
9 53% 42% 52%
10 56% 45% 54%
EUL = 11
Table M-20. Full-Cost Adjustment Factors: Heat Pump Water Heaters and Room A/C

Res Res
0.77 0.23
RUL
1 78% 27%
2 79% 31%
3 80% 34%
4 81% 38%
5 82% 41%
6 83% 44%
7 84% 47%
8 85% 50%
9 86% 52%
EUL = 10

Table M-21. Adjusted EULs: Residential Boilers
Boiler-G
Res
0.15
Adjusted EULs in Years

RUL
1 3
2 4
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 9
8 10
9 11
10 12
11 13
12 13
13 14
14 15
15 16
16 17
17 18
18 19
19 20
20 21
21 22
22 22
23 23
24 24
EUL = 25

Table M -22. Adjusted EULs: Chillers, Furnaces, Non-Residential Boilers, and High Performance Windows

Cooled Recip Cooled Screw < Cooled Screw Cooled Screw > Boiler-G Performance
and Screw 150 ton 150-300 ton 300 ton Windows-G
150 ton 300 ton 300 ton
0.50 0.15 0.37 0.31 0.69 0.58 0.38 0.31 0.27 0.44 0.48 0.51 0.54 0.63

RUL
1 8 3 6 5 12 10 6 5 5 7 8 8 9 11
2 9 4 7 6 12 10 7 6 5 8 9 9 10 11
3 10 5 8 7 13 11 8 7 6 9 9 10 10 12
4 10 6 9 8 13 12 9 8 7 10 10 11 11 12
5 11 7 9 9 14 12 9 9 8 10 11 11 12 13
6 12 8 10 9 14 13 10 9 9 11 11 12 12 14
7 12 8 11 10 15 13 11 10 10 12 12 13 13 14
8 13 9 12 11 15 14 12 11 11 12 13 13 14 15
9 14 10 12 12 16 15 12 12 11 13 13 14 14 15
10 14 11 13 13 16 15 13 13 12 14 14 14 15 16
11 15 12 14 13 17 16 14 13 13 14 15 15 15 16
12 16 13 15 14 17 16 15 14 14 15 15 16 16 17
13 16 14 15 15 18 17 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17
14 17 15 16 16 18 17 16 16 15 16 17 17 17 18
15 17 16 17 16 18 18 17 16 16 17 17 17 18 18
16 18 17 17 17 19 18 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18
17 18 17 18 18 19 19 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19
18 19 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19
19 20 19 19 19 20 20 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20
EUL = 20

Table M-23. Adjusted EULs: Residential Refrigerators
Refrigerator-E
Res
0.11

RUL
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
5 6
6 7
7 8
8 9
9 10
10 11
11 12
12 12
13 13
14 14
15 15
16 16
EUL = 17

Table M-24. Adjusted EULs: Central Air Conditioners, Air Source Heat Pumps, Non-Res Water Heaters, Indirect Water
Heaters, and Air Compressor Upgrades
Central Air Central Air Central Air Central Air Central Air
Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Conditioner/Air Air
Indirect Water
Source Heat Source Heat Source Heat Source Heat Source Heat DHW-E DHW-G Compressor
Heater-G
Pumps Pumps Pumps Pumps Pumps Upgrade-E
(SEER 14) (SEER 15) (SEER 16) (SEER 17) (SEER 18)
0.19 0.31 0.38 0.44 0.48 0.60 0.21 0.34 0.48

RUL
1 3 4 6 6 7 8 4 5 6
2 4 5 6 7 7 9 4 6 7
3 5 6 7 7 8 9 5 6 8
4 6 7 7 8 9 10 6 7 9
5 7 8 8 9 9 10 7 8 9
6 7 8 9 9 10 11 8 9 10
7 8 9 10 10 10 11 8 9 10
8 9 10 10 11 11 12 9 10 11
9 10 11 11 11 12 12 10 11 12
10 11 11 12 12 12 13 11 12 12
11 12 12 12 13 13 13 12 12 13
12 13 13 13 13 13 14 13 13 13
13 13 14 14 14 14 14 13 14 14
14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14
EUL = 15

TABLE M-25. ADJUSTED EULS: MULTI-FAMILY CLOTHES WASHERS
Clothes Washer-G
MF Res
0.39

RUL
1 5
2 6
3 7
4 7
5 8
6 9
7 9
8 10
9 11
10 11
11 12
12 13
13 13
EUL = 14
TABLE M-26. ADJUSTED EULS: RESIDENTIAL ELECTRIC AND GAS INDIRECT WATER HEATERS
Res Res
0.60 0.34

RUL
1 8 5
2 8 5
3 8 6
4 9 7
5 9 7
6 10 8
7 10 9
8 11 10
9 11 10
10 12 11
11 12 12
12 13 12
EUL = 13

TABLE M-27. ADJUSTED EULS: NON-RESIDENTIAL REFRIGERATORS

Refrigerator-E
Non-Res
0.34

RUL
1 4
2 5
3 6
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 9
8 9
9 10
10 11
11 11
EUL = 12
Table M-28. Adjusted EULs: Clothes Washers, Dishwashers, and Residential Gas Water Heaters
Res Res Res
0.39 0.33 0.21

RUL
1 4 4 3
2 5 5 4
3 6 5 4
4 6 6 5
5 7 7 6
6 8 8 7
7 8 8 8
8 9 9 9
9 10 10 9
10 10 10 10
EUL = 11

Table M-29. Adjusted EULs: Heat Pump Water Heaters and Room A/C
Res Res
0.87 0.25

RUL
1 9 3
2 9 4
3 9 5
4 9 5
5 9 6
6 9 7
7 10 8
8 10 8
9 10 9
EUL = 10

Table M-30. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors for PA-Supplied Ratios of Incremental Savings to Full Savings for
a 25 Year EUL
Savings
RU 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 Ratio0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9
L1 5 14 0 14 5 20 0 26 5 32 0 37 5 42 0 42 5 47 0 52 5 60 0 64 5 68 0 71 5 78 0 81 5 86 0 91 5 96
2 %
20 %
20 %
26 %
32 %
37 %
42 %
42 %
47 %
52 %
56 %
60 %
64 %
71 %
75 %
78 %
84 %
86 %
91 %
96
3 %
26 %
26 %
32 %
37 %
42 %
42 %
47 %
52 %
56 %
60 %
64 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
81 %
84 %
89 %
91 %
96
4 %
32 %
32 %
37 %
42 %
47 %
47 %
52 %
56 %
60 %
64 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
78 %
81 %
86 %
89 %
94 %
96
5 %
37 %
37 %
42 %
47 %
47 %
52 %
56 %
60 %
64 %
68 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
89 %
94 %
96
6 %
42 %
42 %
47 %
52 %
52 %
56 %
60 %
64 %
64 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
78 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
91 %
94 %
96
7 %
47 %
47 %
52 %
52 %
56 %
60 %
64 %
64 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
78 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
89 %
91 %
94 %
98
8 %
52 %
52 %
56 %
56 %
60 %
64 %
64 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
75 %
78 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
89 %
91 %
94 %
98
9 %
56 %
56 %
60 %
60 %
64 %
68 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
75 %
78 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
89 %
91 %
94 %
96 %
98
1 %
60 %
60 %
64 %
64 %
68 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
75 %
78 %
81 %
84 %
84 %
86 %
89 %
91 %
94 %
96 %
98
0
1 %
64 %
64 %
68 %
68 %
71 %
71 %
75 %
75 %
78 %
81 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
94 %
96 %
98
1
1 %
64 %
68 %
68 %
71 %
75 %
75 %
78 %
78 %
81 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
86 %
89 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
98
2
1 %
68 %
71 %
71 %
75 %
75 %
78 %
78 %
81 %
81 %
84 %
86 %
86 %
89 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
98
3
1 %
71 %
75 %
75 %
78 %
78 %
81 %
81 %
84 %
84 %
86 %
86 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
98 %
98
4
1 %
75 %
78 %
78 %
81 %
81 %
81 %
84 %
84 %
86 %
86 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98
5
1 %
78 %
81 %
81 %
81 %
84 %
84 %
86 %
86 %
89 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98
6
1 %
81 %
84 %
84 %
84 %
86 %
86 %
86 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98 %
100
7
1 %
84 %
86 %
86 %
86 %
89 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98 %
100
8
1 %
86 %
89 %
89 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
91 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
100
9
2 %
89 %
89 %
91 %
91 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
100
0
2 %
91 %
91 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
100 %
100
1
2 %
94 %
94 %
94 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
100 %
100 %
100
2
2 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
96 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100
3
2 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
98 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100 %
100
4
EUL %2 % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %
= 5

a 20 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 16% 16% 23% 29% 29% 36% 42% 47% 47% 53% 58% 63% 67% 72% 76% 80% 87% 91% 94%
2 23% 23% 29% 29% 36% 42% 47% 47% 53% 58% 63% 67% 72% 76% 80% 84% 87% 91% 97%
3 29% 29% 36% 36% 42% 47% 47% 53% 58% 63% 67% 67% 72% 76% 80% 84% 87% 91% 97%
4 36% 36% 42% 42% 47% 53% 53% 58% 63% 63% 67% 72% 76% 80% 84% 87% 91% 94% 97%
5 42% 42% 47% 47% 53% 53% 58% 63% 63% 67% 72% 76% 76% 80% 84% 87% 91% 94% 97%
6 47% 47% 53% 53% 58% 58% 63% 63% 67% 72% 72% 76% 80% 84% 84% 87% 91% 94% 97%
7 47% 53% 53% 58% 63% 63% 67% 67% 72% 72% 76% 80% 80% 84% 87% 91% 91% 94% 97%
8 53% 58% 58% 63% 63% 67% 67% 72% 76% 76% 80% 80% 84% 87% 87% 91% 94% 94% 97%
9 58% 63% 63% 67% 67% 72% 72% 76% 76% 80% 80% 84% 84% 87% 91% 91% 94% 97% 97%
10 63% 67% 67% 72% 72% 72% 76% 76% 80% 80% 84% 84% 87% 87% 91% 94% 94% 97% 97%
11 67% 72% 72% 72% 76% 76% 80% 80% 84% 84% 84% 87% 87% 91% 91% 94% 94% 97% 97%
12 72% 76% 76% 76% 80% 80% 80% 84% 84% 87% 87% 87% 91% 91% 94% 94% 97% 97% 100%
13 76% 80% 80% 80% 84% 84% 84% 87% 87% 87% 91% 91% 91% 94% 94% 94% 97% 97% 100%
14 80% 84% 84% 84% 84% 87% 87% 87% 87% 91% 91% 91% 94% 94% 94% 97% 97% 97% 100%
15 84% 84% 87% 87% 87% 87% 91% 91% 91% 91% 94% 94% 94% 94% 97% 97% 97% 97% 100%
16 87% 87% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 100% 100%
17 91% 91% 91% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 100% 100% 100%
18 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 100% 100% 100% 100%
19 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 20

a 17 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 17% 17% 25% 25% 32% 39% 39% 46% 52% 52% 58% 64% 69% 74% 79% 84% 88% 92% 96%
2 25% 25% 32% 32% 39% 39% 46% 52% 52% 58% 64% 69% 69% 74% 79% 84% 88% 92% 96%
3 32% 32% 39% 39% 46% 46% 52% 52% 58% 64% 64% 69% 74% 79% 79% 84% 88% 92% 96%
4 32% 39% 39% 46% 52% 52% 58% 58% 64% 64% 69% 74% 74% 79% 84% 88% 88% 92% 96%
5 39% 46% 46% 52% 52% 58% 58% 64% 69% 69% 74% 74% 79% 84% 84% 88% 92% 92% 96%
6 46% 52% 52% 58% 58% 64% 64% 69% 69% 74% 74% 79% 79% 84% 88% 88% 92% 96% 96%
7 52% 58% 58% 64% 64% 69% 69% 69% 74% 74% 79% 79% 84% 84% 88% 92% 92% 96% 96%
8 58% 64% 64% 69% 69% 69% 74% 74% 79% 79% 79% 84% 84% 88% 88% 92% 92% 96% 96%
9 64% 69% 69% 69% 74% 74% 74% 79% 79% 84% 84% 84% 88% 88% 92% 92% 96% 96% 100%
10 69% 74% 74% 74% 79% 79% 79% 84% 84% 84% 88% 88% 88% 92% 92% 92% 96% 96% 100%
11 74% 79% 79% 79% 79% 84% 84% 84% 84% 88% 88% 88% 92% 92% 92% 96% 96% 96% 100%
12 79% 79% 84% 84% 84% 84% 88% 88% 88% 88% 92% 92% 92% 92% 96% 96% 96% 96% 100%
13 84% 84% 88% 88% 88% 88% 88% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 100% 100%
14 88% 88% 88% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 100% 100% 100%
15 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 100% 100% 100% 100%
16 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 96% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 17

a 15 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 19% 19% 27% 27% 35% 35% 43% 43% 50% 56% 56% 63% 69% 75% 75% 80% 86% 91% 95%
2 19% 27% 27% 35% 43% 43% 50% 50% 56% 56% 63% 69% 69% 75% 80% 86% 86% 91% 95%
3 27% 35% 35% 43% 43% 50% 50% 56% 63% 63% 69% 69% 75% 80% 80% 86% 91% 91% 95%
4 35% 43% 43% 50% 50% 56% 56% 63% 63% 69% 69% 75% 75% 80% 86% 86% 91% 95% 95%
5 43% 50% 50% 56% 56% 63% 63% 63% 69% 69% 75% 75% 80% 80% 86% 91% 91% 95% 95%
6 50% 56% 56% 63% 63% 63% 69% 69% 75% 75% 75% 80% 80% 86% 86% 91% 91% 95% 95%
7 56% 63% 63% 63% 69% 69% 69% 75% 75% 80% 80% 80% 86% 86% 91% 91% 95% 95% 100%
8 63% 69% 69% 69% 75% 75% 75% 80% 80% 80% 86% 86% 86% 91% 91% 91% 95% 95% 100%
9 69% 75% 75% 75% 75% 80% 80% 80% 80% 86% 86% 86% 91% 91% 91% 95% 95% 95% 100%
10 75% 75% 80% 80% 80% 80% 86% 86% 86% 86% 91% 91% 91% 91% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100%
11 80% 80% 86% 86% 86% 86% 86% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100%
12 86% 86% 86% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 100%
13 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 100% 100%
14 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 15

a 14 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 10% 19% 19% 28% 37% 37% 45% 45% 52% 52% 59% 66% 66% 72% 78% 84% 84% 90% 95%
2 19% 28% 28% 37% 37% 45% 45% 52% 59% 59% 66% 66% 72% 78% 78% 84% 90% 90% 95%
3 28% 37% 37% 45% 45% 52% 52% 59% 59% 66% 66% 72% 72% 78% 84% 84% 90% 95% 95%
4 37% 45% 45% 52% 52% 59% 59% 59% 66% 66% 72% 72% 78% 78% 84% 90% 90% 95% 95%
5 45% 52% 52% 59% 59% 59% 66% 66% 72% 72% 72% 78% 78% 84% 84% 90% 90% 95% 95%
6 52% 59% 59% 59% 66% 66% 66% 72% 72% 78% 78% 78% 84% 84% 90% 90% 95% 95% 100%
7 59% 66% 66% 66% 72% 72% 72% 78% 78% 78% 84% 84% 84% 90% 90% 90% 95% 95% 100%
8 66% 72% 72% 72% 72% 78% 78% 78% 78% 84% 84% 84% 90% 90% 90% 95% 95% 95% 100%
9 72% 72% 78% 78% 78% 78% 84% 84% 84% 84% 90% 90% 90% 90% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100%
10 78% 78% 84% 84% 84% 84% 84% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100%
11 84% 84% 84% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 100%
12 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 100% 100%
13 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 14

a 13 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 11% 20% 20% 30% 30% 39% 39% 47% 55% 55% 62% 62% 69% 76% 76% 83% 89% 89% 94%
2 20% 30% 30% 39% 39% 47% 47% 55% 55% 62% 62% 69% 69% 76% 83% 83% 89% 94% 94%
3 30% 39% 39% 47% 47% 55% 55% 55% 62% 62% 69% 69% 76% 76% 83% 89% 89% 94% 94%
4 39% 47% 47% 55% 55% 55% 62% 62% 69% 69% 69% 76% 76% 83% 83% 89% 89% 94% 94%
5 47% 55% 55% 55% 62% 62% 62% 69% 69% 76% 76% 76% 83% 83% 89% 89% 94% 94% 100%
6 55% 62% 62% 62% 69% 69% 69% 76% 76% 76% 83% 83% 83% 89% 89% 89% 94% 94% 100%
7 62% 69% 69% 69% 69% 76% 76% 76% 76% 83% 83% 83% 89% 89% 89% 94% 94% 94% 100%
8 69% 69% 76% 76% 76% 76% 83% 83% 83% 83% 89% 89% 89% 89% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100%
9 76% 76% 83% 83% 83% 83% 83% 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100%
10 83% 83% 83% 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100% 100%
11 89% 89% 89% 89% 89% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100% 100% 100%
12 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 13

a 12 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 11% 22% 22% 32% 32% 41% 41% 50% 50% 58% 58% 66% 66% 73% 81% 81% 87% 94% 94%
2 22% 32% 32% 41% 41% 41% 50% 50% 58% 58% 66% 66% 73% 73% 81% 87% 87% 94% 94%
3 32% 41% 41% 41% 50% 50% 58% 58% 66% 66% 66% 73% 73% 81% 81% 87% 87% 94% 94%
4 41% 50% 50% 50% 58% 58% 58% 66% 66% 73% 73% 73% 81% 81% 87% 87% 94% 94% 100%
5 50% 58% 58% 58% 66% 66% 66% 73% 73% 73% 81% 81% 81% 87% 87% 87% 94% 94% 100%
6 58% 66% 66% 66% 66% 73% 73% 73% 73% 81% 81% 81% 87% 87% 87% 94% 94% 94% 100%
7 66% 66% 73% 73% 73% 73% 81% 81% 81% 81% 87% 87% 87% 87% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100%
8 73% 73% 81% 81% 81% 81% 81% 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100%
9 81% 81% 81% 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100% 100%
10 87% 87% 87% 87% 87% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100% 100% 100%
11 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 12

an 11 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 12% 23% 23% 34% 34% 34% 43% 43% 53% 53% 62% 62% 70% 70% 78% 86% 86% 93% 93%
2 23% 34% 34% 34% 43% 43% 53% 53% 62% 62% 62% 70% 70% 78% 78% 86% 86% 93% 93%
3 34% 43% 43% 43% 53% 53% 53% 62% 62% 70% 70% 70% 78% 78% 86% 86% 93% 93% 100%
4 43% 53% 53% 53% 62% 62% 62% 70% 70% 70% 78% 78% 78% 86% 86% 86% 93% 93% 100%
5 53% 62% 62% 62% 62% 70% 70% 70% 70% 78% 78% 78% 86% 86% 86% 93% 93% 93% 100%
6 62% 62% 70% 70% 70% 70% 78% 78% 78% 78% 86% 86% 86% 86% 93% 93% 93% 93% 100%
7 70% 70% 78% 78% 78% 78% 78% 86% 86% 86% 86% 86% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 100% 100%
8 78% 78% 78% 86% 86% 86% 86% 86% 86% 86% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 100% 100% 100%
9 86% 86% 86% 86% 86% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 100% 100% 100% 100%
10 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 11

a 10 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 13% 25% 25% 25% 36% 36% 47% 47% 57% 57% 57% 66% 66% 75% 75% 84% 84% 92% 92%
2 25% 36% 36% 36% 47% 47% 47% 57% 57% 66% 66% 66% 75% 75% 84% 84% 92% 92% 100%
3 36% 47% 47% 47% 57% 57% 57% 66% 66% 66% 75% 75% 75% 84% 84% 84% 92% 92% 100%
4 47% 57% 57% 57% 57% 66% 66% 66% 66% 75% 75% 75% 84% 84% 84% 92% 92% 92% 100%
5 57% 57% 66% 66% 66% 66% 75% 75% 75% 75% 84% 84% 84% 84% 92% 92% 92% 92% 100%
6 66% 66% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 84% 84% 84% 84% 84% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 100% 100%
7 75% 75% 75% 84% 84% 84% 84% 84% 84% 84% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 100% 100% 100%
8 84% 84% 84% 84% 84% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 100% 100% 100% 100%
9 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
EUL = 10

Table M-39. Full Cost Adjustment Factors
Cost Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 10% 15% 19% 24% 29% 34% 38% 43% 48% 53% 57% 62% 67% 72% 76% 81% 86% 91% 95%
2 15% 19% 24% 28% 33% 37% 42% 46% 51% 55% 60% 64% 69% 73% 78% 82% 87% 91% 96%
3 19% 23% 28% 32% 36% 40% 45% 49% 53% 57% 62% 66% 70% 74% 79% 83% 87% 91% 96%
4 23% 27% 31% 35% 39% 43% 48% 52% 56% 60% 64% 68% 72% 76% 80% 84% 88% 92% 96%
5 27% 31% 35% 39% 43% 46% 50% 54% 58% 62% 66% 69% 73% 77% 81% 85% 89% 92% 96%
6 31% 35% 38% 42% 46% 49% 53% 56% 60% 64% 67% 71% 75% 78% 82% 85% 89% 93% 96%
7 35% 38% 42% 45% 48% 52% 55% 59% 62% 66% 69% 73% 76% 79% 83% 86% 90% 93% 97%
8 38% 41% 45% 48% 51% 54% 58% 61% 64% 67% 71% 74% 77% 80% 84% 87% 90% 93% 97%
9 41% 44% 48% 51% 54% 57% 60% 63% 66% 69% 72% 75% 78% 81% 85% 88% 91% 94% 97%
10 44% 47% 50% 53% 56% 59% 62% 65% 68% 71% 74% 77% 80% 82% 85% 88% 91% 94% 97%
11 47% 50% 53% 56% 58% 61% 64% 67% 69% 72% 75% 78% 81% 83% 86% 89% 92% 94% 97%
12 50% 53% 55% 58% 61% 63% 66% 68% 71% 74% 76% 79% 82% 84% 87% 89% 92% 95% 97%
13 53% 55% 58% 60% 63% 65% 68% 70% 73% 75% 78% 80% 83% 85% 88% 90% 93% 95% 98%
14 55% 57% 60% 62% 65% 67% 69% 72% 74% 76% 79% 81% 83% 86% 88% 91% 93% 95% 98%
15 57% 60% 62% 64% 66% 69% 71% 73% 75% 78% 80% 82% 84% 87% 89% 91% 93% 96% 98%
16 60% 62% 64% 66% 68% 70% 72% 75% 77% 79% 81% 83% 85% 87% 89% 92% 94% 96% 98%
17 62% 64% 66% 68% 70% 72% 74% 76% 78% 80% 82% 84% 86% 88% 90% 92% 94% 96% 98%
18 64% 66% 68% 69% 71% 73% 75% 77% 79% 81% 83% 85% 87% 89% 90% 92% 94% 96% 98%
19 66% 67% 69% 71% 73% 75% 76% 78% 80% 82% 84% 86% 87% 89% 91% 93% 95% 96% 98%
20 67% 69% 71% 73% 74% 76% 78% 79% 81% 83% 85% 86% 88% 90% 91% 93% 95% 97% 98%
21 69% 71% 72% 74% 76% 77% 79% 81% 82% 84% 85% 87% 89% 90% 92% 94% 95% 97% 98%
22 71% 72% 74% 75% 77% 78% 80% 82% 83% 85% 86% 88% 89% 91% 92% 94% 95% 97% 98%
23 72% 74% 75% 77% 78% 80% 81% 82% 84% 85% 87% 88% 90% 91% 93% 94% 96% 97% 99%
24 74% 75% 76% 78% 79% 81% 82% 83% 85% 86% 88% 89% 90% 92% 93% 94% 96% 97% 99%
EUL = 25

Table M-40. Adjusted EULs for a 25 Year EUL
Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16 17 19 21 23
2 3 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 18 19 21 23
3 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 20 21 23
4 5 5 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 22 23
5 6 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 22 23
6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23
7 8 8 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24
8 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24
9 10 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 17 17 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 24
12 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 22 23 24
13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 21 21 22 23 23 24
14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 24 24
15 15 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 24
16 16 17 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24
17 17 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25
18 18 19 19 19 20 20 20 21 21 21 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 25
19 19 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 24 25
20 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 25
21 21 21 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 25 25
22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 25
23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25
24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
EUL = 25

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 2 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18
2 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19
3 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19
4 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 12 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 19
7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 15 16 17 17 18 19
8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 14 15 16 16 17 18 18 19
9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 17 17 18 19 19
10 10 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 19 19
11 11 12 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19
12 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20
13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 20
14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 19 20
15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 20
16 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 20 20
17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20
18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20
19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
EUL = 20

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 16
4 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 13 14 14 15 16
5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 15 15 16
6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 15 16 16
7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 16
8 8 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16
9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17
10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 17
11 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 17
12 12 12 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17
13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 17 17
14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17
15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17
16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
EUL = 17

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 10 11 12 13 14
2 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 14
3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 13 13 14
4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 14 14
5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 14
6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14
7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15
8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 15
9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 15
10 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 15
11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 15 15
12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15
13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15
14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
EUL = 15

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 11 12 13
2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 12 12 13
3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 13 13
4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 13
5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13
6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14
7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 14
8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14
9 9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 14
10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 14 14
11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14
12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
EUL = 14

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 11 12
2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 12 12
3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 12
4 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12
5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13
6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 13
7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13
8 8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13
9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13
10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13
11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
EUL = 13

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 11
2 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 11
3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11
4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12
5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 12
6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12
7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 12
8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 12 12
9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12
10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
EUL = 12

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 10
2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10
3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11
4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 11
5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11
6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 11
7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 11
8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11
9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
EUL = 11

Savings Ratio
RUL 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9
2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10
3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10
4 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10
5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 10
6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 10 10
7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
EUL = 10
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
5-11-1 5/6/2011

Appendix N: Special Circumstance
APPENDIX N
SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCE
Introduction
In its October 18, 2010 order1650, the Commission defined early replacement as replacement of
equipment prior to the end of its prescribed effective-useful life and directed Staff to develop a
dual baseline method for estimating the benefits and costs of early replacement that provides
consistency between the treatment of savings and costs. The order also directed Staff to provide
simplifying lookup tables for early replacement energy savings consistent with the dual baseline
concept. The dual baseline methods and lookup tables have been developed and are provided in
Appendix M of the Technical Manual.
The October 18, 2010 Order also introduced the concept of “special circumstance” replacements:
the replacement of equipment operated by customers who are influenced by initial costs more
than by life cycle economics. These customers include those with insufficient capital, a split
incentive (such as a landlord incurring cost to provide a tenant benefit), short time horizons,
and/or other factors which tend to prevent long range economic decision-making regarding the
installation of high efficiency equipment. The Commission applied the concept of special
circumstance replacements only to commercial and industrial machinery and multi-family central
systems,1651 and only to equipment well past its prescribed effective useful life. The order
specifically excluded lighting equipment from special circumstance replacement.
The Commission established a general outline for determining eligibility for special
circumstance replacement treatment including:
Equipment age significantly exceeds its effective useful-life;

Energy consumption significantly exceeds that of current high efficiency models;
There is a history of significant repair or replacement with used equipment;
The prospective next repair or replacement is likely to be much less expensive than replacement
with new higher efficiency machinery.
The order directed Staff to develop more detailed criteria and a method for adapting dual
baseline screening for early replacement to special circumstance replacements, with consultation
with the Evaluation Advisory Group (EAG) that includes the program administrators (PAs). In
dual baseline analysis, the savings for the first baseline are calculated against the replaced
equipment, while the savings for the second baseline are calculated against the current
standards/codes minimums or, in the absence of such, common practice.
1650
Case 07-M-0548, Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard (EEPS), Order Approving Consolidation and Revision
of Technical Manuals (issued October 18, 2010).
1651
What “multi-family central systems” includes is clarified in detail in the Case 07-M-0548, Energy Efficiency
Portfolio Standard (EEPS), Order Approving Modifications to the Technical Manual (issued July 18, 2011), pg. 15 -
16.

In the July 18, 2011 order,1652 the Commission approved Staff’s proposals regarding detailing the
first two criteria for eligibility:1653
Age Rule: The equipment to be replaced must be aged at least 125% of it is prescribed
effective-useful life in cases where the age of the equipment can be determined to this
extent.1654 If the equipment is determined to be less than 125% of its EUL, it’s not
eligible for SC treatment regardless of consumption or any other factor.
Energy Use Rule: Applies only in cases in which the age of the existing equipment
cannot be determined relative to 125%; existing equipment of most types must consume
at least 20% more energy than the new high efficiency equipment to do the same amount
of work, and at least 35% more for chillers.
In the July 18 Order, the Commission also approved Staff’s proposal to define the first baseline,
the hypothetical period for which the old equipment in place would have continued in use absent
the program (the Default Functional Period or DFP) as 25% of the program efficient measure’s
EUL.1655
The July 18, 2011 order also directed Staff to post directions and lookup tables for Special
Circumstance replacement as a counterpart to those in Appendix M for early replacement. For
the interim period, PAs were permitted to use the tables in Appendix M for Special
Circumstances for costs.1656 However, Appendix N includes tables for special circumstance
replacement that PAs must now use.
For equipment that qualifies as special circumstance, the dual baseline method described in
Appendix M will be applied for special circumstance TRC screening. The dual baseline situation
that characterizes the special circumstance situation, illustrated in Figure 1, involves a customer
who replaces fully functioning equipment aged at least 25% beyond its official EUL. The
equipment hypothetically would have continued to function for some period of time, the DFP.
However, the customer is induced by the program to replace this existing equipment with more
efficient equipment. It is assumed that at the end of the DFP, absent the program, the customer
would have installed equipment that would meet the existing efficiency code or appliance
standard, or common practice (referred to as the code/standard equipment).
1652
Ibid.
1653
While the first two require definition of “significant,” the third and fourth do not require or lend themselves to
additional detail. The Commission also approved Staff’s proposed relationship between the first two, i.e., energy
consumption is considered only if age relative to 125% cannot be determined.
1654
It is not necessary to determine the exact age of the equipment as long as it can be determined to be at least
125% of the effective-useful life.
1655
The Order also included a comprehensive list of measures and associated EULs that should be used in cases
where the special circumstance measure matches a measure in the Order. In cases where there is no match, PAs must
propose and document the EUL.
1656
Program administrators were required to research and calculate their own savings ratios and to use the second set
of tables (not the DEER-based tables), as consumption of the old equipment in place may differ between early and
special circumstance replacement the baseline existing equipment is pre EUL versus 125% past it, potentially with
widely varying efficiency. For costs, the comparison is between current high efficiency versus standards/code or
common practice in any case.

Figure 3. The Special Circumstance Condition
Energy Use
B X
E (b) E (c)
Y
T1 T2 T3
 E (c ) =C-A
 E (b ) =B-A
C = Energy use of pre-existing equipment
T2 – T1 = Expected period of time in which the pre-existing equipment would
have continued to function, referred to as the default functional
period (DFP)
Energy savings in this example would consist of two portions. The customer would have
experienced the full savings represented by the line segment C-A for the DFP period T2-T1,
Area X. At the end of the DFP, the savings for the period T3-T2 would be reduced to
incremental savings represented by the line segment B – A, area Y. To carry out these
calculations, information on the energy use of code/standard equipment is required. Information
on energy use of the existing equipment and the high efficiency equipment provided through the
program is also required, but much more available and routinely needed.
The costs also have to be calculated in a manner consistent with the special circumstance case.
In normal replacement situations, one would use the incremental cost that is defined as the cost
of the new efficient equipment minus the cost of the code/standard equipment. In the special
circumstance case, the incremental cost is calculated in a slightly different manner, which
recognizes, in the absence of the program, the customer would not have purchased any
equipment until the future end of the DFP.
Thus, one would first have to determine the full cost of the new efficient equipment at T1 and
the full cost of the code/standard equipment (both including the installation labor) at T2
(assuming no change in real costs). The incremental costs would then be calculated as the cost of
the new efficient equipment installed now (left column in Figure 2) minus the present value (PV)
of the cost that is avoided in the future for the code/standard equipment (right column Figure 2).
Figure 2 presents a case in which the DFP is 4 years and, absent the program, the code/standard
equipment would have been installed in the fifth year. This calculation differs from the
normal/end of life replacement incremental cost in adding the time value of money for spending
the money earlier.

Figure 4. Incremental Cost Calculation for Special Circumstance Cases

with a DFP of Four Years
PV With PV Without
Year Program Program
Full Cost of High Efficient
1 Equipment 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
4 0 0
Full Cost of Code/Standard
5 0 Equipment
The Ratio Approach to the Dual Baseline with the Lookup Tables
As in Appendix M, this approach focuses on the ratio of incremental energy savings to full
energy savings1657 and the ratio of incremental costs to full costs. These ratios, shown at the top
of the columns in Tables N-1 through N-2, determine the factors that PAs can use to adjust the
savings and cost data. These first two tables require the program administrators to provide their
own incremental costs and savings ratios (based on the code/standard equipment). To use these
tables, PAs must match the ratios that they have calculated to the nearest corresponding ratios in
these tables.
To use Table N-1 for benefits, PAs will need to calculate the full annual savings as the annual
energy use of the old equipment in place minus the annual energy use of the high efficiency
equipment. These full savings are then counted for each year of the EUL as is represented as area
X in Figure 3. For each year of the EUL (T3 – T1) of the new equipment, the full kWh or therm
savings are converted to dollar benefits by multiplying them by the Commission’s avoided costs
estimates for that year1658.
1657
The savings values ratios are not area present values but are rather the line segments in Figure 1 on the vertical
axis: (B – A) divided by (C – A).
1658
The tables are not territory-specific, but statewide. This is because only the LRAC growth rates matter, not the
absolute values, and the growth rates for the various zones are almost identical in the LRACs in use.

Figure 5. Inflated Lifecycle Benefits
Energy Use
E (c)
X
T1 T3
 E (c ) =C-A
T3 = Date on which the new efficient equipment is expected to fail
T3 – T1 = EUL of new efficient equipment
As a preliminary step in using Table N-1, and valid only for that purpose, the PAs will calculate
this “inflated lifecycle benefits” for kWh, peak kW, and/or therms as the present value of the
stream of full savings benefits for the EUL of the new equipment.1659
In cases of special circumstance under the ratio approach, it is these inflated lifecycle benefits
that must be adjusted using the appropriate inflated lifecycle benefits adjustment factor. For a
given measure with a given EUL/DFP and ratio of incremental savings to full savings, the
inflated lifecycle benefits adjustment factor is the ratio (presented as a percentage) of the present
value of the dual baseline lifecycle benefits (X+Y) illustrated in Figure 1 to the present value of
the inflated lifecycle benefits illustrated in Figure 3.
Under the Commission requirement of consistent treatment of savings and costs, the full costs1660
must also be adjusted downward. Using research on the costs of standard/code equipment, a PA
can calculate the ratios of incremental costs to full costs and obtain the full cost adjustment
factors from Table N-2. If a PA cannot obtain or chooses not to seek the data necessary to
calculate the cost ratios, it can use the ratios and adjustment factors from Tables M-11 through
M-19 in Appendix M in cases in which the measures match.
Note that all documentation for PA costs and savings estimates and ratios must be retained for
possible Staff or ex post evaluator review.
1659
Usually, the ratio of incremental kWh savings to full kWh saving would be the same as the ratio of incremental
peak kW demand reduction to full peak kW demand reduction, which implies using the same ratio and adjustment
factor for both. However, with some measure types, such as cooling, PAs may benefit from calculating different
ratios of incremental to full for kWh and kW. A PA can choose to use higher 0.05 increment kW ratios if it can
calculate and document them with retention.
1660
Full costs include the capital cost of the new efficient equipment plus installation cost.

Look-Up Tables
Tables N-1 and N-2 have been prepared so that PAs can obtain the Inflated Lifecycle Benefit and
the Full Cost adjustment factors. For Inflated Lifecycle Benefits Adjustment Factors, PAs must
calculate their own savings ratios. If PAs are able to calculate their own ratios of incremental
costs to full costs, they may prefer to use Table N-2. However, as discussed above, in some cases
PAs may use the tables in Appendix M to obtain cost ratios and adjustment factors.
For Tables N-1 and N-2, a PA should identify the 0.05 increment ratios that are closest to those it
developed. The ratios range from 0.95 to .05 in increments of 0.05, and there are no measure
designations.
Note that ratios of 1.0 and 0.0 are not included in the tables. For some measures, the efficiency of
the old in place unit is still the common practice or no new standards have been adopted, i.e. the
baseline for the full savings and the incremental savings are the same. As a result, the ratio of
incremental to full savings is near 1.0, meaning that a PA can claim the full savings for the entire
EUL of the new equipment (areas X and Y in Figure 4). Therefore, the lookup tables do not
apply. For other measures, the high efficiency equipment subsidized by the program is consistent
with current code or standards. For these measures, the incremental savings are zero and thus the
ratio of incremental to full savings is 0.0.This means that a PA can claim full savings for only the
RUL (area X in Figure 5), after which the high-efficiency replacement would have occurred
anyway. Therefore, the lookup tables do not apply.
Figure 4. Efficiency of the Old In Place Unit Is Still Figure 5. High Efficiency Equipment Subsidized by the
the Common Practice Or No New Standards Program Is Consistent with Current Code Or Standards
B, C C
Energy Use
Energy Use
X Y X
E (b) E (c) E (c)
A A, B Y E(b)
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
 E (c ) =C-A
 E (b ) =B-A
T2 – T1 = Expected remaining useful life (RUL) of the pre-existing equipment
To use the tables, a PA must gather the following four pieces of information:
• the EUL of the type of equipment,

• the DFP of the old equipment in place (just 25% of the EUL),

• the full costs (including installation).
Additionally, a PA will need documented estimates, based on equipment minimally compliant

with standards/codes or common practice, of incremental savings and costs in order to calculate:
• The ratio of incremental savings to full savings, and

• The ratio of incremental costs to full cost.
Again, note that for the costs, PAs can use the Tables in Appendix M where measures match.
Table Organization
Table N-1 contains the Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors while Table N-2 contains
the Full-Cost Adjustment Factors.
In Table N-1, the first row is the ratio of incremental savings to full savings while in Table N-2
the first row is the ratio of incremental to full cost. In both tables, the first two columns identify
the EULs and corresponding DFPs:
• 25 Years/6
• 20 Years/5
• 14 to 17 Years/4
• 10 to 13 Years/3
The remaining columns present the respective adjustment factors by ratio of
• Table 1: Incremental savings to full savings

• Table 2: Incremental costs to full costs
Program-Tracking Database Requirements

The program tracking databases contain information for each measure installation which the PAs
are required to maintain for the purposes of current reporting and future impact evaluation, the
latter requiring many fields not used for current reporting. The following seven additional
required variables, as were first required in Appendix M,1661 are being added by Staff through the
Evaluation Advisory Group process1662:
1661
Note that item #2 above is a correction of item #2 in Section 5 of Appendix M. Furthermore, item #3 is now
required in addition to those variables listed in Section 5 of Appendix M. Those using Appendix M should take note
of these changes.
1662
Note that for cases of normal replacement and add-on, the variables 2 through 7 should be coded as “n/a” (not
applicable).

• Type of Installation (TRC Approach)1663,

• The Full Savings (kWh or therms),
• If electric, the on-peak demand reductions associated with the Full Savings,
• The Adjusted Full Cost (full cost multiplied by the full-cost adjustment factor),
• The Ratio of Incremental Savings to Full Savings,
• The Ratio of Incremental Costs to Full Costs, and
• The Adjusted EUL (discussed below).
The Adjusted EUL is defined as that period of years over which the present value benefits of the
full savings would approximate the present value dollar benefits of the underlying dual baseline.
Figure 6 shows the Adjusted EUL Tx, reduced from the actual EUL T3 such that the lifecycle
savings over the period Tx – T1 approximates the lifecycle savings over the period T3 – T1 in
Figure 1 (repeated from above). The longer the DFP is, the longer the adjusted EUL, owing to
more years at full savings.
Figure 1. Lifecycle Savings: Dual Figure 6: Lifecycle Savings:

Baseline Approximation to Dual Baseline
C C
Energy Use
Energy
E(c)
Use
B X X
E (c)
=
Y E (b)
A A
T1 T2 T3 T1 Tx
Table N-3 presents the adjusted EULs in years for each possible ratio (in 0.05 increments). In
Table N-3, the first row is the incremental to full savings ratio and the first two columns identify
the EULs and corresponding DFPs. The adjusted EUL is not used for TRC screening, but only
for the program’s tracking database. Table N-3 is organized in the same way as the Table N-1.
Note that Tables N-1 through N-3 are also available in Excel.
Example
Consider the following example. Suppose a PA finds in place equipment with an EUL of 17
years whose age is determined to be 22 years. The five years over the EUL is greater than 25%
of the EUL (17/4 = 4.25 which rounds to 4, which is also the DFP). The equipment is eligible for
special circumstance treatment if it also meets criteria #3 and #4. The PA has determined that the
ratio of incremental savings to full savings is 0.65 and the ratio of incremental costs to full costs
is 0.40. To find the Inflated Lifecycle Benefits Adjustment Factors, the Full Cost Adjustment
Factors, and the Adjusted EUL for this measure, the PA must go to Table N-1 and identify the
1663
ER=Early Replacement; NR=Normal Replacement; SC=Special Circumstance; AO=Add On. Add on refers to
adding something that replaces nothing. Examples include adding controls to a boiler that had none, or adding
insulation where there was none or some. Add-on measures are modeled at full costs and full savings for the length
of their EULs. The full savings are reported toward first-year goals.

row for measures with an EUL of 17 years and a DFP of 4 years. Next, they must identify the
column with an incremental savings to full savings ratio of 0.65. The value in the intersection of
this row and this column is 0.75, which is the Inflated Lifecycle Benefits Adjustment Factor.
Using Table N-3, the same procedure would be followed to obtain the Adjusted EUL of 10 years.
To find the Full Cost Adjustment Factor, the PA would go to Table N-2, find the row with a 4-
year DFP and the column with a ratio of 0.40. The value in the cell is 0.52, which is the Full Cost
Adjustment Factor. As discussed above, in some cases PAs may use the tables in
Appendix M to obtain cost ratios and adjustment factors.
The next step is to multiply the inflated benefits by the benefits factor and the full costs by the
costs factor. For Total Resources Cost (TRC) analysis, ratio the two products, benefits/costs. For
first year savings to report against approved program goals, for special circumstances
replacements PAs would use the full savings, the first baseline of the existing equipment versus
the high efficiency program measure.

Table N-1. Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors for PA-Supplied Ratios of Incremental Savings to Full Savings, by DFP, for
kWh, kW, and Therm Savings
DFP 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
Inflated Lifecycle Benefit Adjustment Factors
25 Year EUL 6 42% 42% 47% 52% 52% 56% 60% 64% 64% 68% 71% 75% 78% 81% 84% 86% 91% 94% 96%
20 Year EUL 5 42% 42% 47% 47% 53% 53% 58% 63% 63% 67% 72% 76% 76% 80% 84% 87% 91% 94% 97%
17 to 14 Year EUL 4 35% 43% 43% 50% 50% 56% 56% 63% 63% 69% 69% 75% 75% 80% 86% 86% 91% 95% 95%
13 to 10 EUL 3 32% 41% 41% 41% 50% 50% 58% 58% 66% 66% 66% 73% 73% 81% 81% 87% 87% 94% 94%
Table N-2. Full Cost Adjustment Factors for PA-Supplied Ratios of Incremental Cost to Full Cost, by DFP
DFP 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95

25 Year EUL 6 31% 35% 38% 42% 46% 49% 53% 56% 60% 64% 67% 71% 75% 78% 82% 85% 89% 93% 96%
20 Year EUL 5 27% 31% 35% 39% 43% 46% 50% 54% 58% 62% 66% 69% 73% 77% 81% 85% 89% 92% 96%
17 to 14 Year EUL 4 23% 27% 31% 35% 39% 43% 48% 52% 56% 60% 64% 68% 72% 76% 80% 84% 88% 92% 96%
13 to 10 EUL 3 19% 23% 28% 32% 36% 40% 45% 49% 53% 57% 62% 66% 70% 74% 79% 83% 87% 91% 96%
Table N-3. Adjusted EULs, by DFP

DFP 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95
25 Year EUL 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 15 16 16
20 Year EUL 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 12 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
17 to 14 Year EUL 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 14 14
13 to 10 EUL 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 11
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010

Appendix O: Commercial and Industrial Lighting Policy
APPENDIX O
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LIGHTING POLICY
INTRODUCTION
On January 12, 2011 Staff issued a SAPA Notice, in part on proposals to implement directives in
the Commission’s October 18, 2010 order in Case 07-M-0548 regarding benefit/cost analysis for
Special Circumstance customers in Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard (EEPS) programs.1664
In its 2/28/11 comments, National Grid sought clarification regarding: whether field staff must
determine the age of lighting fixtures in place and how to treat lighting replacement where the
age of the fixture in place is past its prescribed effective useful life (EUL). With regard to these
lighting issues, the Commission in its July 18, 2011 order in the EEPS proceeding directed1665
“the Implementation Advisory Group to attempt to resolve the issues of determining the age of
lighting equipment and the correct approach for valuing savings from lighting replacements1666
under the mechanism we provided for modifying the Consolidated Technical Manual [CTM] in
our June 20, 2011 Order in this proceeding.”1667
Regarding commercial and industrial lighting issues,1668 the technical manual, effective 1/1/11
[as modified September 2012], states: “The baseline condition is assumed to be the existing [and
operational] lighting fixture in [all applications other than new construction or extensive
renovations which trigger the building code].” This makes the savings baseline and costs for
TRC analysis independent of the age of the operational fixture. This approach reflects the
frequent impracticality of determining the age of lighting fixtures
Absent this provision, replacement of fixtures in place which are either (1) irreparable (unusable
and not economic to repair) or, (2) operating and not demonstrably younger than their EUL (in
short, broken or past EUL) would be treated as normal/end of life replacement: modeled with
incremental costs and with incremental savings for the full EUL of the new measure, including
for first year scorecard reporting.1669 Fixtures in place in working order and demonstrably aged
below their EUL would get early replacement treatment which, for most non-lighting measures,
would mean dual baseline treatment per Appendix M. Appendix M, however, excludes lighting
from such treatment.1670 Therefore, the conventional early replacement modeling of full costs
and full savings would still apply, with the full savings against the old fixture in place modeled
for the full EUL of the new equipment and reported as first year scorecard savings.
1664
SAPA 07-M-0548SP30 - Proceeding on Motion of the Commission Regarding an Energy Efficiency Portfolio
Standard.
1665
Case 07-M-0548, Order Approving Modifications to the Technical Manual, pg. 16-17.
1666
Savings are related to the type of lamp used in the fixture.
1667
New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy Savings from Energy Efficiency Programs, October 15,
2010, pg. 109, www.dps.ny.gov/Tech ManualNYRevised 10-15-10.pdf
1668
C&I lighting includes multi-family building common areas for the purposes of this paper.
1669
Incremental means the costs and consumption of the high efficiency model promoted by the program minus the
costs and consumption of the standard efficiency level alternative – Federal minimum appliance standards, State
building codes or, in the absence of codes and standards, the common practice.
1670
Appendix M, posted with Technical Manual, see footnote #5, pg. 10.

In compliance with instructions stated in the July 18, 2011 Order, this appendix prescribes
principles for C&I lighting replacements, both replacements of operational fixtures and
irreparable fixtures, addressing:
• Replacements for which incentive funding is precluded, as a practical matter of
presumptive TRC failure by definition,
• Inputs for TRC ratio calculations,
• Age determination requirements (none), and
• Values for reporting as first year annualized savings against targets approved in orders (the
same as the first year savings modeled in the TRC analysis).
THE OVERALL PRINCIPLES
If a lighting fixture of any age is operational, replacement is early replacement. The full savings
against the fixture in place1671, will be reported as first year savings and modeled for the full
EUL of the replacement measure in TRC screening. Costs will be full costs, the total costs of the
replacement, as is usual for early replacement analysis outside Appendix M.1672
For irreparable lighting fixtures, normal/end of life rules apply: incremental savings and costs
between the common practice and the high efficiency measures promoted by EEPS are used for
TRC analysis; incremental savings are used for first year scorecard savings; and no age
determination is required.
DISCUSSION BY TYPE OF EQUIPMENT REPLACED
The lighting upgrades considered here are; screw-in incandescent fixtures (which will evolve
toward use of halogen lamps)1673 replaced with CFL or LED fixtures. Linear fluorescent T12 or
standard T8 replaced with Super T8s, T5s or LEDs.1674 The fixtures in place may be either in
good working order (early replacement) or irreparable (normal replacement).
Baselines: Screw-In Fixtures
Screw-in fixtures are expected to continue to accommodate the least efficient lamp types which
still meet the national lighting standards established under the Energy Independence and Security
Act of 2007 (EISA). Therefore, the baseline choice for early or normal replacement with any pin-
based fixtures remains screw-in fixtures: either to keep a working fixture in place or to replace an
irreparable one with a new screw-in fixture. Once the EISA standard is phased-in for a particular
lamp size the least efficient lamp technology meeting the standard would normally be considered
the baseline. Incandescent lamps, however, are expected to remain in inventories for sale and are
reportedly being stockpiled. A screw-in fixture can house, for baseline consumption relative to
CFLs, either incandescent or halogen lamps. Therefore, baselines will be based upon deemed years,
1671
The full savings differs from incremental savings in subtracting the consumption of the fixture supported by the
program from the consumption of the fixture in place, not from the consumption of the current common alternative.
1672
If passing the TRC, however, is a concern, PAs may choose to document an age past the EUL to be able to
model the incremental costs used re: normal replacement as opposed to the full costs usual for early replacement.
1673
Halogen lamps consume approximately 72% as much as incandescent lamps. Whereas the TRM reports a delta
of watts consumption of 2.53 between CFLs and incandescent lamps, the delta would be approximately 1.55 for
CFLs against halogen lamps. This means that 1.55 times the CFL wattage is the savings delta against a halogen
lamp.
1674
Speaking only of the types whose replacement are usual subjects of EEPS programs, thus not including high
intensity discharge (HID) fixtures, metal halide, high pressure sodium, mercury vapor, or CFLs or LEDs yet.
Perhaps at some point it will be cost effective to replace CFLs with LED lamps.

for each wattage range, in which installation of the new common practice technology, halogen
lamps, is more likely than installation of stockpiled incandescent lamps.1675 Until reconsideration
(based on studies in progress and program experience) in March 2015, incandescent lamps will
remain the baseline.
For fixtures compatible with incandescent and halogen lamps, TRC analysis of a measure or
project may be occurring before the deemed switch year or after it. Analysis done before the
estimated switch year will entail two baselines of consumption during the EUL of the screw-in
alternative to CFL.1676 The first baseline will be incandescent lamp consumption until the
beginning of the deemed switch year,1677 the second baseline being halogen lamp consumption.
In future TRC analysis after the deemed switch dates, the baseline for incremental savings will
be halogen lamps against CFLs throughout.
Baselines: Linear Fluorescent Fixtures
For early replacement of an operational T12 fixture, the baseline relative to super T8s is simply
the consumption of the T12 lamp. For normal replacement of an irreparable T12 fixture, the
baseline, until reconsideration (based on studies in progress and program experience) in March
2015, is the consumption of a T12. At some point, customers will no longer be installing
relatively inefficient T12 fixtures in significant numbers as lamp availability decreases1678 and
therefore standard T8s will be the common practice and thus the suitable linear fluorescent
baseline for consideration of appropriate super T8s and T5s.
ELIGIBILITY FOR REBATES
The next issue is potential cost-effectiveness and thus measures’ eligibility for rebates.
Incentives for CFL (and potentially for LED lamp) pin fixtures, as needed and if cost- effective,
may continue to be appropriate for some years to come.1679 Incandescent/halogen fixtures may
remain in use indefinitely, with halogens being less expensive upfront as well as more familiar
looking than CFLs or LED lamps. Replacement of screw-in fixtures with new screw-in fixtures
may continue, and thus incentives for replacement with higher efficiency technologies make
sense.
Turning to rebate-eligibility of linear fluorescent fixtures, since installation of T12 fixtures will
be unlikely at some point and replacement of a standard T8 fixture with a standard T8 fixture
would yield no savings. At that point, savings will exist and cost-effective incentives will be
payable only for installation of super T8s (or T5s) in watts-saving configurations. Super T8s
produce more lumens per watt and have improved color rendering and a longer rated life, but
since ratepayers should not pay for extra lumens, incentives should be paid only for projects
which reduce the overall wattage of fixtures relative to standard T8s.
1675
While in reality the technology mixes will shift gradually, the baselines as executed here will require selection of
the year in which the probable majority choice will switch.
1676
Screw-in LEDs are unlikely in the C&I context in which quality concerns require LED fixtures.
1677
While incandescent lamps installed before the switch year may remain in use during it, this would probably be
for a short time given the usual heavy C&I usage. Additionally, fractional year modeling is not practical.
1678
This will not happen often enough to justify ratepayer subsidy of all replacements to avoid the occasional
instance. Retrogression from T8 to T12 is particularly unlikely.
1679
This is also applicable for screw-in CFLs for incandescent/halogen fixtures.

COSTS TO BE MODELED
The last issue is costs to be modeled in TRC screening. For early replacement of operational,
screw-in incandescent/halogen fixtures, the TRC screening would as usual include the full costs
of the replacement, additionally owing to the indefinite remaining life of the fixture in place, and
to the continued availability of inexpensive screw-in fixtures usable for halogen. Since most
equipment replaced will be in working order, the full-costs case will be the most common, but
with incremental costs for normal replacement of irreparable fixtures.
Turning to costs to be modeled for linear fluorescent fixtures, operational standard T8s can
remain in place for some years, and therefore full costs for early replacement are fully
appropriate. If age past the EUL is documented, however, PAs may model incremental costs for
normal replacement. Also as a case of normal replacement, since irreparable standard T8 fixtures
can be replaced with like, the modeling of incremental costs for super T8 fixtures is justified.
Record of Revision
0 10/15/2010
3-3-1 3/14/2013

Appendix P: Effective Useful Life (EUL)
APPENDIX P
EFFECTIVE USEFUL LIFE (EUL)

SINGLE AND MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL MEASURES
Single and Multi-family
Category Sector EUL (years) Source
Residential Measures
ENERGY STAR®
Air Purifier Residential 9
Calc1680
ENERGY STAR®
Clothes Dryer (incl. Heat Pump
Residential 14 M&I Scoping
Clothes Dryer)
Report1681
DEER 2014
Clothes Washer Residential 11 EUL ID: Appl-
EffCW
ENERGY STAR®
Dehumidifier Residential 12
Calc1682
DEER 2014
Appliance
Dishwasher Residential 11 EUL ID: Appl-
EffDW
Fireplace Residential 15 DOE1683
DEER 2014
Induction Cooktop Residential 16 EUL ID: Appl-
Elec_Cooking
DEER 2014
Refrigerator and Freezer Residential 14 EUL ID: Appl-
ESRefg
RPP Product
Soundbar Residential 7
Analysis1684
DEER 2014
Appliance
Advanced Power Strip (APS) Residential 8 EUL ID: Plug-
Control
OccSens
DEER 2014
Air Conditioner - Room (RAC)
Residential 3 EUL ID: HV-RAC-
Recycling
RUL
Appliance Assumes same
Dehumidifier Recycling Residential 3
Recycling RUL as RAC
DEER 2014
Refrigerator Recycling Residential 5 EUL ID: Appl-
RecRef
1680
Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances (last updated October 2016).
https://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and-managers/existing-buildings/save-energy/purchase-
energy-saving-products
1681
ENERGY STAR® Market & Industry Scoping Report: Residential Clothes Dryer, November 2011.
1682
ENERGY STAR® Dehumidifier Calculator.
https://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/promotions/cool_change/downloads/CalculatorConsumerDehumidifier.xls
1683
Standards for Hearth Products. Chapters 7 and 8. Department of Energy (DOE). January 30, 2015, pg. 2-12.
https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2014-BT-STD-0036-0002
1684
Retail Products Platform Product Analysis, Last Updated May 25, 2016.
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ESPPM_Increasing%20the%20Volume%20on%20So
und%20Bars_Littlehales.pdf


DEER 2014
Appliance
Freezer Recycling Residential 4 EUL ID: Appl-
Recycling
RecFrzr
Air Conditioner – Room (RAC)
Residential 3 See note below1685
Cover and Gap Sealer
Air Leakage Sealing Residential 15 GDS1686
Insulation – Hot Water and Steam
Residential 15 GDS1687
Pipe
Insulation – Opaque Shell Residential 25 GDS1688
Plastic Window Insulation Residential 1 See Note1689
Building Shell
Storm Window Residential 20 DOE1690
DEER 2014
Window Residential 20
EUL ID: BS-Win
DEER 2014
EUL ID:
Window - Film Residential 10
GlazDaylt-
WinFilm
DEER 2014
Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Residential 10 EUL ID: WtrHt-
HtPmp
DEER 2014
Indirect Water Heater Residential 11 EUL ID: WtrHt-
Res-Gas
Domestic Hot
PA Consulting
Water Storage Water Heater - Gas Residential 15
Group1691
(DHW)
DEER 2014
Storage Water Heater - Electric Residential 13 EUL ID: WtrHt-
Res-Elec
DEER 2014
Instantaneous Water Heater Residential 20 EUL ID: WtrHt-
Instant-Res
DEER 2014
Low-Flow – Faucet Aerator Residential 10 EUL ID: WtrHt-
WH-Aertr
DHW - Control DEER 2014
Low-Flow – Showerhead Residential 10 EUL ID: WtrHt-
WH-Shrhd
Thermostatic Shower Valve Residential 10 UPC1692
1685
Average/typical manufacturer warranty period for AC covers.
1686
GDS Associates, Inc., Measure Life Report: Residential and Commercial/Industrial Lighting and HVAC
Measures, June 2007, Table 1 – Residential Measures.
1687
Ibid.
1688
Ibid.
1689
1 year is assumed to be the EUL since plastic window insulation comes in the form of single-use kits that are
disposed of when the heating season ends.
1690
https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-22864rev2.pdf
1691
PA Consulting Group Inc., Focus on Energy Evaluation Business Programs: Measure Life Study, final report
dated August 25, 2009. https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/bpmeasurelifestudyfinal_evaluationreport.pdf
1692
UPC certification under the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials standard IGC 244-
2007a. A standard that includes a lifecycle test consisting of 10,000 cycles without fail. 10,000 cycles is the
equivalent of three users showering daily for more than nine years.


DEER 2014
Air Conditioner – Central (CAC) Residential 15 EUL ID: HV-
ResAC
Air Conditioner – Room (RAC) Residential 12 GDS1693
DEER 2014
Air Conditioner – PTAC Residential 15 EUL ID: HVAC-
PTAC
Boiler, Hot Water – Steel Water ASHRAE
Residential 24
Tube Handbook, 2015
Boiler, Hot Water – Steel Fire ASHRAE
Residential 25
Tube Handbook, 2015
ASHRAE
Boiler, Hot Water – Cast Iron Residential 35
Handbook, 2015
ASHRAE
Heating, Boiler, Steam – Steel Water Tube Residential 30
Handbook, 2015
Ventilation and
ASHRAE
Air Boiler, Steam – Steel Fire Tube Residential 25
Handbook, 2015
Conditioning
ASHRAE
(HVAC) Boiler, Steam – Cast Iron Residential 30
Handbook, 2015
Boiler and Furnace - Combination
Residential 22 DOE1694
(“Combi”) Boiler
Boiler and Furnace - Combination DEER 20141695
Residential 20
(“Combi”) Furnace EUL ID: HVAC-Frnc
DEER 2014
Duct Sealing and Insulation Residential 18 EUL ID: HV-
DuctSeal
DEER 2014
Electronically Commutated (EC)
Residential 15 EUL ID: Motors-
Motor – HVAC Blower Fan
fan
DEER 2014
Electronically Commutated (EC)
Motor – Hydronic Circulator Pump
pump
1693
1694
Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Program for Consumer Products and Commercial and
Industrial Equipment: Residential Furnaces, February 10, 2015, Table 8.2.17. Product definition of furnaces includes
electric boilers with firing rates of less than 300,000 BTU/h.
https://energy.mo.gov/sites/energy/files/technical-support-document---residential-furances_doe.pdf
1695
Based on DEER value for high efficiency boiler and instantaneous water heater.


Energy and Heat Recovery PA Consulting
Residential 14
Ventilator Group1696
Furnace, Gas Fired Residential 22 DOE1697,1698
DEER 2014
Gas Heat Pump Residential 15 EUL ID: HV-Res
HP
DEER 2014
Heat Pump - Air Source (ASHP)
Residential 15 EUL ID: HV-Res
and Air-to-Water (AWHP)
HP
Heat Pump – Ground Source
Residential 25 ASHRAE1699
Heating, (GSHP)
Ventilation and DEER 2014
Air Heat Pump – PTHP Residential 15 EUL ID: HVAC-
Conditioning PTHP
(HVAC) Refrigerant Charge Correction & DEER 2014
Tune-Up – Air Conditioner and Residential 10 EUL ID: HV-
Heat Pump RefChrg
DEER 2014
Tune-Up - Boiler Residential 5 EUL ID:
BlrTuneup
DEER 2014
Tune-Up - Furnace Residential 5 EUL ID:
BlrTuneup
ASHRAE
Unit Heater, Gas Fired Residential 13
Handbook, 2015
EUL =
Retrofitted
motor RUL =
DEER 2014
Retrofitted
Adaptive Photonic Control Residential EUL ID: Motors-
motor EUL –
fan
(Current Year
HVAC - – Mfr. Year)
Control Default = 5
EUL = Boiler
RUL = Boiler
EUL –
Advanced Boiler Control Residential N/A
(Current Year
– Mfr. Year)
Default = 5
1696
1697
U.S. DOE. “Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Program for Consumer Products and Commercial
and Industrial Equipment: Residential Furnaces” and “Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Program for
Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Commercial Warm Air Furnaces.” August 30, 2016.
1698
and Industrial Equipment: Commercial Warm Air Furnaces.” December 30, 2015.
1699
ASHRAE: Owning and Operating Cost Database, Equipment Life/Maintenance Cost Survey:
https://xp20.ashrae.org/publicdatabase/system_service_life.asp?selected_system_type=1


EUL = Boiler
RUL = Boiler
Outdoor Temperature Setback EUL –
Residential N/A
Control for Hydronic Boiler (Current Year
– Mfr. Year)
Default = 5
DEER 2014
Steam Trap – Low Pressure Space
Residential 6 EUL ID: HVAC-
Heating
HVAC - StmTrp
Control Submetering Multifamily 10 NYSERDA1700
DEER 2014
Thermostat – All Types Residential 11 EUL ID: HVAC-
ProgTStats
Thermostatic Radiator Valve –
Multifamily 15 DOE1701
One Pipe Steam Radiator
DEER 2014
Smart Thermostatic Radiator
Enclosure
fan1702
Rated Life
listed by
ENERGY
STAR® or
default to
15,000 hrs/
annual lighting ENERGY STAR®
Lighting1703 LED Lamp Residential
operating hrs Lamps1704
or 15 yrs if
rated lifetime
or annual
operating
hours are not
known
1700
NYSERDA Residential Electric Submetering Manual.
1701
U.S. DOE, “Thermostatic Radiator Valve Evaluation”, January 2015, Table 4. pg. 16.
1702
Based on assumed EUL of integrated fan, which is expected to be the first component to fail.
1703
In response to codification of a 45 lm/W backstop requirement for general service lamps (GSLs), EULs for
select lighting measures are currently under review by the TRM Management Committee. Revisions will take effect
concurrent with other action taken in response to the imposed GSL standard in the V10 NY TRM filing.
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/standards.aspx?productid=4
1704
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Lamps (Light Bulbs) V2.1, June 2017, pg.
19 (Capped at 20 years).
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/ENERGY%20STAR%20Lamps%20V2.1%20Final%20Specification.
pdf


50,000 hours DLC1706
Rated Life listed by

Residential ENERGY STAR or
Light Fixture LED default to 25,000
(Interior) hrs/ annual lighting
Residential operating hrs or 15
yrs if rated lifetime
or annual operating
hours are not
known
Rated Life
listed by
ENERGY
STAR or
default to
35,000 hrs/
annual lighting ENERGY STAR®
LED (Exterior) Residential
Lighting1705 operating hrs Fixtures1707
or 15 yrs if
rated lifetime
or annual
operating
hours are not
known
Light Fixture
Rated Life
listed by
ENERGY
STAR or
default to
50,000 hrs/
LED annual lighting ENERGY STAR®
Residential
(Inseparable) operating hrs Fixtures
or 15 yrs if
rated lifetime
or annual
operating
hours are not
known
1705
1706
Placed on the Qualified Products List by the Design Light Consortium (DLC) 50,000 hours, according to the
appropriate Application Category as specified in the DLC’s Product Qualification Criteria, Technical Requirement
Table version 4.4 or higher.
1707
ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements Product Specification for Luminaires (Light Fixtures) V2.2, August
2019, pg. 18 (Capped at 20 years).
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/Luminaires%20V2.2%20Final%20Specification.pdf


Multifamily
Bi-Level Lighting Common 15 ComEd1708
Lighting
Area
Control
GE and Philips Hue
Connected Lighting Residential 3
Bridge1709
DEER 2014
Pool Pump Residential 10 EUL ID: OutD-
Motors and PoolPump
Drives DEER 2014
Pool Circulator Timer Residential 10 EUL ID: OutD-
PoolPump
DEER 2014
Heat Pump Pool Heater Residential 15 EUL ID: HV-Res
Other HP
Pool Heater Residential 8 DOE1710
Solar Pool Heater Residential 15 DOE1711
1708
ComEd Luminaire Level Lighting Control IPA Program Impact Evaluation Report prepared by Navigant.
https://www.ilsag.info/wp-
content/uploads/SAG_files/Evaluation_Documents/ComEd/ComEd_EPY9_Evaluation_Reports_Final/ComEd_PY9
_LLLC_IPA_Program_Impact_Evaluation_Report_2018-06-05_Final.pdf
1709
Cync by General Electric Limited Warranty for Smart Bulbs and Light Strips.
https://www.gelighting.com/smart-home/warranty and Philips End of Support Policy: End of Support Policy |
Philips Hue (philips-hue.com)
1710
DOE, Chapter 8, Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analyses, Table 8.75.
https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2006-STD-0129-0170
1711
https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/solar-swimming-pool-heaters

COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL MEASURES

Commercial & Industrial
Measures
High Speed Fans C&I 10 PG&E1712
Livestock Waterer C&I 10 PA Consulting Group1713
Milk Pre-Cooler Heat
C&I 15 Ibid
Exchanger
Agricultural DEER 2014
Equipment Refrigeration Heat Recovery C&I 14 EUL ID: HVAC-
ChlrComp-Ag
DEER 2014
Scroll Compressor C&I 12 EUL ID: RefgWrhs-
ScrollComp
Engine Block Heater Timer C&I 8 See note below1714
Agricultural Variable Speed Drive Milk
C&I 15 PA Consulting Group1715
Equipment - Pump Plate Cooler
Control Variable Speed Drive Vacuum
Pump
Air Purifier C&I 9 ENERGY STAR® Calc1717
ENERGY STAR®M&I
Clothes Dryer C&I 14
Report1718
DEER 2014
Clothes Washer C&I 11
EUL ID: Appl-EffCW
DEER 2014
Cooking Equipment1719 C&I 12
Appliance EUL IDs: Various
Dehumidifier C&I 12 ENERGY STAR® Calc1720
10 – Under Counter
15 – Single Door
Dishwasher C&I 20 – Conveyor Type ENERGY STAR®Calc1721
10 – Pots, Pans &
Utensils
1712
PG&E Work Paper PGE3PAGR117, October 12, 2017.
1713
1714
Based on EUL’s for Advanced Power Strips.
1715
1716
1717
Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Qualified Appliances (last updated October 2016).
https://www.energystar.gov/buildings/facility-owners-and-managers/existing-buildings/save-energy/purchase-
energy-saving-products
1718
ENERGY STAR® Market & Industry Scoping Report: Residential Clothes Dryer, November 2011.
1719
Applicable to all kitchen cooking equipment not otherwise listed.
1720
ENERGY STAR® Dehumidifier Calculator.
https://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/promotions/cool_change/downloads/CalculatorConsumerDehumidifier.xls
1721
ENERGY STAR® Savings Calculator for ENERGY STAR® Certified Commercial Kitchen Equipment.
www.energystar.gov/buildings/sites/default/uploads/files/commercial_kitchen_equipment_calculator.xlsx?5da4-
3d90&5da4-3d90


Measures
Fireplace C&I 15 DOE1722
DEER 2014
Ice Maker C&I 10
EUL ID: Cook-IceMach
DEER 2014
Appliance
Induction Cooktop C&I 16 EUL ID: Appl-
Elec_Cooking
DEER 2014
Refrigerator and Freezer C&I 12
EUL ID: Cook-SDRef
DEER 2014
Advanced Power Strip (APS) C&I 8
Appliance - EUL ID: Plug-OccSens
Control Vending Machine and Novelty DEER 2014
C&I 5
Cooler Control EUL ID: Plug-VendCtrler
Appliance DEER 2014
Air Conditioner – Room (RAC) C&I 3
Recycling EUL ID: HV-RAC-RUL
DEER 2014
Air Curtains C&I 15
EUL ID: Motors-fan
Air Leakage Sealing C&I 15 GDS1723
Insulation - Hot Water and
C&I 15 GDS1724
Steam Pipe
Building Shell Insulation - Opaque Shell C&I 30 ET & CEC1725
DEER 2014
Window - Film C&I 10 EUL ID: GlazDaylt-
WinFilm
DEER 2014
Window - Glazing C&I 20
EUL ID: BS-Win
Air Compressor C&I 13 Other State TRMs1726
Engineered Air Nozzle C&I 15 Wisconsin PSC1727
MA Measure Life
Compressed No Air Loss Water Drain C&I 13
Study1728
Air
Refrigerated Air Dryer C&I 13 Other State TRMs 1729
Compressed Air Heat Recovery C&I 13 Other State TRMs 1730
Flow Controller C&I 13 Other State TRMs 1731
1722
Standards for Hearth Products. Chapters 7 and 8. Department of Energy (DOE). January 30, 2015, pg. 2-12.
1723
1724
1725
Energy Trust uses 30 years for commercial applications. CEC uses 30 years for insulation in Title 24 analysis.
1726
Based on a review of TRM assumptions from Ohio (August 2010), Massachusetts (October 2015), Illinois
(February 2017) and Vermont (December 2018). Estimates range from 10 to 15 years. Cited TRMs are reviewed
annually for updates and potential to replace TRM citations with primary reference material.
1727
PA Consulting Group (2009). Business Programs: Measure Life Study. Prepared for State of Wisconsin Public
Service Commission.
1728
Measure Life Study prepared for The Massachusetts Joint Utilities, Energy & Resource Solutions, 2005.
http://www.ers-inc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Measure-Life-Study_MA-Joint-Utilities_ERS.pdf
1729
Based on a review of TRM assumptions from Ohio (August 2010), Massachusetts (October 2015), Illinois
(February 2017) and Vermont (December 2018). Estimates range from 10 to 15 years. Cited TRMs are reviewed
annually for updates and potential to replace TRM citations with primary reference material.
1730
Ibid.
1731
Ibid.


Measures
Compressed
Low Pressure Drop Filter C&I 5 Navigant EUL Report 1732
Air
Heat Pump Water Heater DEER 2014
C&I 15
(HPWH) EUL ID: WtrHt-Com
DEER 2014
Indirect Water Heater C&I 15
Domestic Hot EUL ID: WtrHt-Com
Water DEER 2014
(DHW) Instantaneous Water Heater C&I 20 EUL ID: WtrHt-Instant-
Com
DEER 2014
Storage Tank Water Heater C&I 15
EUL ID: WtrHt-Com
RUL of DHW
DHW Temperature Turndown C&I System N/A
Default = 5
Drain Water Heat Recovery
C&I 30 2019 Title 241733
(DWHR)
DEER 2014
Low-Flow – Faucet Aerator C&I 10
EUL ID: WtrHt-WH-Aertr
DHW - Low-Flow – Pre-Rinse Spray
C&I 5 GDS
Control Valve (PRSV)
DEER 2014
Low-Flow – Salon Valve C&I 10 EUL ID: WtrHt-WH-
Shrhd
DEER 2014
Low-Flow – Showerhead C&I 10 EUL ID: WtrHt-WH-
Shrhd
Central DHW Control C&I 15 NREL1734
DEER 2014
Air Conditioner – PTAC C&I 15
EUL ID: HVAC-PTAC
DEER 2014
Air Conditioner – Unitary C&I 15
EUL ID: HVAC-airAC
Boiler and Furnace -
Heating, C&I 22 DOE1735
Combination (“Combi”) Boiler
Ventilation
Boiler and Furnace -
and Air DEER 20141736
Combination (“Combi”) C&I 20
Conditioning EUL ID: HVAC-Frnc
Furnace
(HVAC)
Boiler, Hot Water – Steel Water
C&I 24 ASHRAE Handbook, 2015
Tube
Boiler, Hot Water – Steel Fire
Tube
Boiler, Hot Water – Cast Iron C&I 35 ASHRAE Handbook, 2015
1732
Navigant ComEd Effective Useful Life Research Report. https://www.icc.illinois.gov/docket/P2017-
0312/documents/287811/files/501915.pdf
1733
2019 Title 24, Part 6 CASE Report. “Drain Water Heat Recovery – Final Report.”
http://title24stakeholders.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/2019-T24-CASE-Report_DWHR_Final_September-
2017.pdf
1734
https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16osti/64541.pdf
1735
Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Program for Consumer Products and Commercial and
Industrial Equipment: Residential Furnaces, February 10, 2015, Table 8.2.17.
https://energy.mo.gov/sites/energy/files/technical-support-document---residential-furances_doe.pdf
1736
Based on DEER value for high efficiency boiler and instantaneous water heater.


Measures
Boiler, Steam – Steel Water
Tube
Boiler, Steam – Steel Fire Tube C&I 25 ASHRAE Handbook, 2015
Boiler, Steam – Cast Iron C&I 30 ASHRAE Handbook, 2015
DEER 2014
Chiller – Air & Water Cooled C&I 20
EUL ID: HVAC-Chlr
DEER 2014
Chiller – Cooling Tower C&I 15 EUL ID: HVAC-
ClTwrPkgSys
Condensing Unit Heater C&I 18 Ecotope1737
DEER 2014
Duct Sealing and Insulation C&I 18
EUL ID: HVAC-DuctSeal
Economizer –Dual Enthalpy DEER 2014
C&I 10
Air Side EUL ID: HVAC-addEcono
Heating, Electronically Commutated
DEER 2014
Ventilation (EC) Motor - HVAC Blower C&I 15
EUL ID: Motors-Fan
and Air Fan
Conditioning Electronically Commutated
DEER 2014
(HVAC) (EC) Motor – Hydronic C&I 15
EUL ID: Motors-pump
Circulator Pump
Energy and Heat Recovery
Ventilator
Furnace, Gas Fired C&I 23 DOE1739,1740
DEER 2014
Gas Heat Pump C&I 15
EUL ID: HV-Res HP
Heat Pump – Unitary & DEER 2014
C&I 15
Applied EUL ID: HVAC-airHP
DEER 2014
Heat Pump – PTHP C&I 15
EUL ID: HVAC-PTHP
Heat Pump – Ground Source
C&I 25 ASHRAE1741
(GSHP)
High Volume Low Speed Fan C&I 15 PA Consulting Group1742
Infrared Heater C&I 17 GDS1743
1737
Ecotope Natural Gas Efficiency and Conservation Measure Resource Assessment (2003).
1738
1739
and Industrial Equipment: Residential Furnaces” and “Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Program for
Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial Equipment: Commercial Warm Air Furnaces.” August 30, 2016.
1740
and Industrial Equipment: Commercial Warm Air Furnaces.” December 30, 2015.
1741
ASHRAE Owning and Operating Cost Database.
https://xp20.ashrae.org/publicdatabase/system_service_life.asp?selected_system_type=1
1742
1743
GDS Associates, Inc. “Natural Gas Efficiency Potential Study.” DTE Energy. July 29, 2016.
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mpsc/DTE_2016_NG_ee_potential_study_w_appendices_vFINAL_554360_
7.pdf


Measures
Refrigerant Charge Correction
DEER 2014
& Tune Up – Air Conditioner C&I 10
EUL ID: HVAC-RefChg
and Heat Pump
DEER 2014
Heating, Tune-Up – Boiler C&I 5
EUL ID: BlrTuneup
Ventilation
Tune-Up – Chiller System C&I 5 WI EUL DB1744
and Air
DEER 2014
Conditioning Tune-Up – Furnace C&I 5
EUL ID: BlrTuneup
(HVAC)
DEER 2014
Variable Refrigerant Flow
C&I 15 EUL ID: HVAC-VSD-
(VRF) System
pump
Unit Heater, Gas Fired C&I 13 ASHRAE Handbook, 2015
EUL = Retrofitted
motor RUL =
Retrofitted motor DEER 2014
Adaptive Photonic Control C&I
EUL – (Current EUL ID: Motors-fan
Year – Mfr. Year)
Default = 5
EUL = RUL of
Existing RTU =
RTU EUL –
Advanced Rooftop Control C&I N/A
(Current Year –
Year of Mfr.)
Default = 5
Direct Digital Control (DDC) DEER 2014
C&I 15
System EUL ID: HVAC-EMS
DEER 2014
Demand Control Ventilation
C&I 15 EUL ID: HVAC-VSD-
(DCV)
DCV
HVAC –
DEER 2014
Control Energy Management System C&I 15
EUL ID: HVAC-EMS
Energy Management System – DEER 2014
C&I 15
Guest Room EUL ID: HVAC-EMS
EUL = Boiler RUL
= Boiler EUL –
Boiler Economizer C&I (Current Year – Mfr. GDS1745
Year)
Default = 5
Kitchen Demand Ventilation
C&I 15 PG&E1746
Control
EUL = Boiler RUL
= Boiler EUL –
Outdoor Temperature Setback
C&I (Current Year – Mfr. N/A
Control for Hydronic Boiler
Year)
Default = 5
Steam Trap – Low-Pressure DEER 2014
C&I 6
Space Heating EUL ID: HVAC-StmTrp
1744
Wisconsin Public Service Commission: Equipment Useful Life Database, 2013.
https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/bpmeasurelifestudyfinal_evaluationreport.pdf
1745
Natural Gas Energy Efficiency Potential in Massachusetts, GDS Associates, 2009. https://ma-eeac.org/wp-
content/uploads/5_Natural-Gas-EE-Potenial-in-MA.pdf
1746
PG&E Work Paper WPSDGENRCC0019, June 15, 2012.


Measures
Steam Trap Monitoring System DEER 2014
C&I 15
– Low-Pressure Space Heating EUL ID: HVAC-EMS
HVAC – Thermostat – Programmable DEER 2014
Control Thermostat – Wi-Fi C&I 11 EUL ID: HVAC-
(Communicating) ProgTStats
Thermostatic Radiator Valve C&I 15 DOE1747
50,000 hrs /annual
lighting operating
LED Fixture
C&I hrs or 15 yrs if DLC1749
(DLC)
annual operating hrs
are not known
ENERGY STAR or
default to 25,000
LED Fixture hrs/annual lighting
C&I ENERGY STAR®1750
(Interior) operating hrs or 15
or annual operating
hrs are not known
ENERGY STAR or
Lighting1748 Light Fixture
default to 35,000
LED Fixture hrs/annual lighting
C&I ENERGY STAR®1751
(Exterior) operating hrs or 15
or annual operating
hrs are not known
ENERGY STAR or
default to
50,000/annual
LED Fixture
C&I lighting operating ENERGY STAR®1752
(Inseparable)
hrs or 15 yrs if rated
lifetime or annual
operating hrs are not
known
1747
U.S. DOE. “Thermostatic Radiator Valve Evaluation.” January 2015.
https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy15osti/63388.pdf
1748
1749
50,000 hours per L70 requirements prescribed by the DLC’s Product Qualification Criteria, Technical
Requirement Table version 4.4.
1750
Placed on the Qualified Fixture List by ENERGY STAR®, according to the appropriate luminaire classification
as specified in the ENERGY STAR® Program with C&I redecoration and business type change patterns).
1751
Ibid. requirements for Luminaires, version 2.1. Divided by estimated annual use, but capped at 20 years
regardless (consistent
1752
Ibid.


Measures
ENERGY STAR or
default to 25,000 hrs
LED Fixture /annual lighting
Light Fixture C&I Uncertified
(Uncertified) operating hrs or 15
or annual operating
hrs are not known
50,000 hours DLC1754
ENERGY STAR or
Lighting1753 default to 15,000 hrs
LED Lamp C&I /annual lighting
ENERGY STAR®
operating hrs or 15
or annual operating
hrs are not known
DEER 2014
LED Exit Signs & Open Signs C&I 16
EUL ID: LED-sign
DEER 2014
Refrigerated Case LED C&I 16 EUL ID: GrocDisp-
FixtLtg-LED
Lighting Power Density (LPD) C&I 15 GDS1755
Bi-Level Lighting C&I 15 ComEd1756
Lighting - Integrated Interior Control C&I 15 ComEd1757
Control Non-Integrated Interior Control C&I 10 GDS1758
Plug-Load Occupancy Sensor C&I 8 DEER1759
DEER 2014
Motor (incl. PEI Pumps) C&I 15
Motors and EUL ID: Motors-HiEff
Drives DEER 2014
Notched & Synchronous Belt C&I 5
EUL ID: HV-CoggedBelt
1753
1754
Placed on the Qualified Products List by the Design Light Consortium (DLC) 50,000 hours, according to the
appropriate Application Category as specified in the DLC’s Product Qualification Criteria, Technical Requirement
Table version 4.4 or higher.
1755
Measure Life Report, Residential and Commercial/Industrial/Industrial Lighting and HVAC Measures, GDS
Associates, June 2007. As directed in the Interior and Exterior Lighting measure, new construction projects may be
evaluated based on LPD. This value is provided for use with new construction LPD projects only.
https://energy.mo.gov/sites/energy/files/measure-life-report-2007.pdf
1756
ComEd Luminaire Level Lighting Control IPA Program Impact Evaluation Report prepared by Navigant.
https://www.ilsag.info/wp-
content/uploads/SAG_files/Evaluation_Documents/ComEd/ComEd_EPY9_Evaluation_Reports_Final/ComEd_PY9
_LLLC_IPA_Program_Impact_Evaluation_Report_2018-06-05_Final.pdf
1757
Ibid.
1758
Measure Life Report, Residential and Commercial/Industrial/Industrial Lighting and HVAC Measures, GDS
Associates, June 2007.
https://energy.mo.gov/sites/energy/files/measure-life-report-2007.pdf
1759
DEER value for lighting occupancy sensors.


Measures
DEER 2014
Pool Pump C&I 10
EUL ID: OutD-PoolPump
Motors and DEER 2014
Variable Frequency Drive
Drives C&I 15 EUL ID: HVAC-
(VFD) – Fan and Pump
VSDSupFan
Elevator Modernization C&I 15 DEER 20141760
Building Operator Certification C&I 13 ComEd1761
DEER 2014
Heat Pump Pool Heater C&I 15
EUL ID: HV-Res HP
High Efficiency Transformer C&I 32 DOE1762
High Frequency Battery
Other C&I 15 PG&E1763
Charger
High Viscosity Industrial
C&I 10 ExxonMobil1764
Lubricant
Pool Heater C&I 8 DOE1765
Solar Pool Cover C&I 5 CALMAC1766
Steam Trap – Other DEER 2014
C&I 6
Applications EUL ID: HVAC-StmTrp
Process Steam Trap Monitoring System DEER 2014
C&I 15
Equipment – Other Applications EUL ID: HVAC-EMS
Ozone Laundry C&I 10 PG&E1767
Process Exhaust Filtration C&I 15 CIBSE1768
Air-Cooled Refrigeration DEER 2014
C&I 15
Condenser EUL ID: GrocSys-Cndsr
DEER 2014
Automatic Door Closer for
C&I 8 EUL ID: GrocWlkIn-
Walk-In Cooler/Freezer
DrClsr
DEER 2014
Cooler and Freezer Door EUL ID: GrocWlkIn-
C&I 4
Gasket StripCrtn, GrocWlkIn-
Refrigeration
WDrGask
DEER 2014
EUL ID: GrocWlkIn-
Cooler and Freezer Door Strip C&I 4
StripCrtn, GrocWlkIn-
WDrGask
EC Motor – Refrigerated Case DEER 2014
or Walk-In Cooler/Freezer C&I 15 EUL ID: GrocDisp-
Evaporator Fan FEvapFanMtr
1760
Assumes same EUL as VFD measure.
1761
Average measure life of capital measures from the ComEd CY2020 evaluation.
1762
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/06/18/2019-12761/energy-conservation-program-energy-
conservation-standards-for-distribution-transformers
1763
https://www.kannahconsulting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/2010-10-
11_Battery_Charger_Title_20_CASE_Report_v2-2-2.pdf, pg. 43.
1764
Information presented in the ExxonMobil study is confidential.
1765
DOE, Chapter 8, Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analyses, Table 8.75.
https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2006-STD-0129-0170
1766
http://www.calmac.org/publications/PoolCoverReport_2015_Final_Report_Appendices.pdf
1767
PG&E Work Paper PGECOAPP123, August 22, 2017.
1768
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. “Probabilistic Estimation of Service Life.” An industrial
ventilation system consists of a fan and a set of filters; Fan and Filter EUL are 15 to 20 years depending on type.
https://www.cibse.org/knowledge-research/knowledge-portal/probabilistic-estimation-of-service-life


Measures
DEER 2014
Equipment (Condenser,
C&I 15 EUL ID: GrocSys-
Compressor, and Sub-cooling)
MechSubcl
Evaporator Fan Motor – with DEER 2014
Permanent Magnet C&I 15 EUL ID: GrocDisp-
Synchronous Motor (PMSM) FEvapFanMtr
Refrigeration
DEER 2014
Refrigerated Case Door C&I 12 EUL ID: GrocDisp-
FixtDoors
DEER 2014
Refrigerated Case Night Cover C&I 5 EUL ID: GrocDisp-
DispCvrs
Anti-Condensation Heater DEER 2014
C&I 12
Control EUL ID: GrocDisp-ASH
Condenser Pressure and DEER 2014
C&I 15
Refrigeration Temperature Control EUL ID: GrocSys-Cndsr
- Control DEER 2014
Evaporator Fan Control C&I 16 EUL ID: Groc-WlkIn-
WEvapFMtrCtrl
Floating Head Pressure Control C&I 10 PA Consulting Group 1769
Common References
1. DEER 2014 EUL.
Available from:
http://www.deeresources.com/files/DEER2013codeUpdate/download/DEER2014-EUL-
table-update_2014-02-05.xlsx
2. GDS Associates, Inc., Measure Life Report: Residential and Commercial/Industrial
Lighting and HVAC Measures, June 2007.
Available from:
https://library.cee1.org/system/files/library/8842/CEE_Eval_MeasureLifeStudyLights%2
526HVACGDS_1Jun2007.pdf
1769
PA Consulting Group Inc. “State of Wisconsin Public Service Commission of Wisconsin Focus on Energy
Evaluation Business Programs: Measure Life Study. Final Report.” August 25, 2009.
https://focusonenergy.com/sites/default/files/bpmeasurelifestudyfinal_evaluationreport.pdf

Record of Revision
EUL’s originally listed in July 18, 2011 Order 7/18/2011
Additional EUL’s posted on web site Subsequent to 7/18/2011 Order
7-13-28 7/31/2013
6-14-1 6/19/2014
6-14-2 6/19/2014
6-15-4 6/1/2015
6-16-2 6/30/2016
1-17-8 12/31/2016
6-17-16 6/30/2017
9-17-11 9/30/2017
12-17-17 12/31/2017
3-18-21 3/31/2018
6-18-23 6/30/2018
9-18-21 9/30/2018
12-18-17 12/28/2018
3-19-16 3/29/2019
6-19-14 6/30/2019
9-19-10 9/30/2019
12-19-17 12/23/2019
3-20-17 3/30/2020
7-20-20 7/31/2020
12-20-12 12/31/2020
3-21-18 3/31/2021
7-21-21 8/30/2021
12-21-25 1/28/2022
6-22-13 9/2/2022
3-23-21 3/31/2023
6-23-16 7/14/2023

Appendix Q: Peak Load Shape Factors
APPENDIX Q
PEAK LOAD SHAPE FACTORS
NATURAL GAS
The peak gas definition is based on the program-induced change in the average daily gas flow in
which the distribution system, on average, reaches its pumping/consumption capacity such that as
the temperature falls lower (or the heating degree days go higher), gas consumption does not
increase. Setting the peak gas definition for this condition means that the gas peak is calculated to
reflect the decreased cubic feet of natural gas expected to not flow through the distribution system
during the 24-hour period as a result of the impacts of the gas energy efficiency program.
NATURAL GAS PEAK S AVINGS DEFINITION
The natural gas peak savings are defined as the number of therms saved during a day, typically a
24 hour weekday period starting at 10:00AM, at a defined average temperature. The table below
shows two different peak day conditions and the respective heating degree days (HDDs) for three
of the operating territories in New York; 65 HDDs corresponds to an average temperature of 0oF
(-17.8oC).1770
Condition New York City Long Island Upstate

(KEDNY, Con Ed) (KEDLI) (NMPC)
TMY3 Coldest Day 51 55 61
Design Day 65 65 75
PEAK-DAY GAS IMPACT CALCULATION METHODOLOGY

Peak Load Shape Factors (PLSFs) are the ratio of energy use on the peak day to energy use for the
full year. Consumption PLSFs (CPLSFs) compare peak day consumption to annual consumption
while Savings PLSFs (SPLSFs) are determined by dividing measure savings on the peak day by
annual measure savings. The measure savings are calculated by subtracting post-retrofit
consumption from baseline consumption on both a peak day and annual basis.1771
Hourly load shapes were developed for each hour of the year (8,760 hours total) for each building
segment, operating region, and day type (Design Day and TMY3 Coldest Day). These load shapes
leverage the United States Department of Energy (DOE) residential and commercial prototypical
models and are categorized by building type and equipment end-use type (i.e., total facility,
heating, hot water, and interior equipment). Consumption and Savings PLSFs for the peak day
conditions were then calculated.
These PLSFs may be applied to annual savings to determine peak day savings resulting from
programs or subprograms using the following equation:
𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 𝑫𝒂𝒚 𝑰𝒎𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒕 𝑺𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 = 𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 𝑳𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒑𝒆 𝑭𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓1772 × 𝑨𝒏𝒏𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒎 𝑺𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈s
1770
TMY3 weather files for LaGuardia, MacArthur, and Syracuse weather stations were used to determine the
TMY3 Coldest day for New York City, Long Island, and Upstate New York respectively. The peak HDD for the
TMY3 files the coldest 24 hr period starting at 10AM each respective location.
1771
See referenced memos for more details about how different energy efficiency measures were simulated.
1772
Savings or Consumption PLSFs may be used here.

The PLSF value is assigned based on building segment, end-use category, operating region, and
day type in the following tables:
PEAK-LOAD S HAPE FACTOR TABLES

The following Tables present PLSFs for different operating companies. Below is a list of
acronyms used in the tables:
• Com – Commercial
• DCV – Demand control ventilation
• EMS- Energy management system
• EQ – Equipment
• NYPA – New York Power Authority
• Res – Residential
• WH – Water heater
Con Edison Design Day Gas Savings PLSFs

Boiler Smart
Building Segment EMS Thermostat
Residential 0.0082 0.0070
Con Edison Design Day Gas Consumption PLSFs

Other
Whole Space Water
Building Segment Interior
Building Heating Heating
Equipment
Single Family - Res 0.0202 0.0272 0.0033
Small Multi-Family - Res 0.0202 0.0272 0.0033
Large Multi-Family - Res 0.0202 0.0272 0.0033
NYPA - Res 0.0202 0.0272 0.0033
Large Office 0.0130 0.0131 0.0042
Small Office 0.0130 0.0131 0.0042
Restaurant 0.0089 0.0159 0.0034 0.0027
Large Retail 0.0188 0.0188
Small Retail 0.0192 0.0192
Grocery 0.0130 0.0138 0.0030 0.0027
Warehouse/Industrial 0.0245 0.0245
Education 0.0159 0.0164 0.0050 0.0036
Hospital 0.0067 0.0073 0.0035 0.0027
Nursing Home/Lodging 0.0040 0.0090 0.0034 0.0027
Miscellaneous/Entertainment 0.0100 0.0176 0.0033 0.0027
Multi-Family - Common Area 0.0420 0.0420 0.0033
NYPA – Com 0.0130 0.0131 0.0042

NMPC Design Day Gas Savings PLSFs

Smart Boiler Storage Air Heating EQ Instant Steam
Building Weatherization Thermostat EMS DCV WH Curtains Upgrades WH Traps EMS
Single Family 0.0115 0.0043 0.0134 0.0030
Multi Family 0.0111 0.0038 0.0066 0.0180 0.0034 0.0180
Grocery 0.0165 0.0143
Hospital 0.0124
Hotel 0.0135 0.0110
Miscellaneous 0.0123 0.0138
Office 0.0166 0.0127 0.0044 0.0287 0.0287 0.0029
Restaurant 0.0168 0.0117
Retail 0.0128 0.0137 0.0034 0.0139 0.0173 0.0173 0.0106
School 0.0136 0.0509 0.0055 0.0298 0.0298 0.0035
University 0.0140 0.0263
Warehouse 0.0103
NMPC Design Day Gas Consumption PLSF

Building Whole Water Space Other Interior
Building Heating Heating Equipment
Single Family 0.0109 0.0031 0.0134 0.0027
Multi Family 0.0123 0.0035 0.0180
Grocery 0.0123 0.0031 0.0180 0.0027
Hospital 0.0074 0.0027 0.0104 0.0030
Hotel 0.0099 0.0030 0.0234 0.0026
Miscellaneous 0.0127 0.0032 0.0184 0.0033
Office 0.0230 0.0035 0.0287
Restaurant 0.0070 0.0031 0.0128 0.0027
Retail 0.0141 0.0031 0.0173 0.0033
School 0.0196 0.0053 0.0298 0.0047
University 0.0134 0.0036 0.0191 0.0024
Warehouse 0.0131 0.0031 0.0148

NMPC TMY3 Coldest Day Gas Savings PLSFs

Single Family 0.0089 0.0067 0.0107 0.0030
Multi Family 0.0089 0.0049 0.0059 0.0115 0.0034 0.0115
Grocery 0.0135 0.0114
Hospital 0.0095
Hotel 0.0095 0.0096
Office 0.0130 0.0102 0.0044 0.0150 0.0150 0.0042
Retail 0.0101 0.0112 0.0034 0.0109 0.0133 0.0133 0.0091
School 0.0110 0.0202 0.0055 0.0186 0.0186 0.0033
Warehouse 0.0082
NMPC TMY3 Coldest Day Gas Consumption PLSF

Single Family 0.0088 0.0030 0.0107 0.0027
Multi Family 0.0084 0.0035 0.0115
Grocery 0.0097 0.0031 0.0139 0.0027
Hospital 0.0051 0.0027 0.0066 0.0030
Hotel 0.0064 0.0030 0.0132 0.0026
Miscellaneous 0.0100 0.0032 0.0141 0.0033
Office 0.0124 0.0035 0.0150
Restaurant 0.0059 0.0031 0.0102 0.0027
Retail 0.0110 0.0031 0.0133 0.0033
School 0.0130 0.0053 0.0186 0.0047
University 0.0086 0.0036 0.0117 0.0024
Warehouse 0.0104 0.0031 0.0117

KEDLI Design Day Gas Savings PLSFs

Smart Boiler Air Heating EQ Instant Steam
Building Weatherization Thermostat EMS DCV Storage WH Curtains Upgrades WH Traps EMS
Single Family 0.0167 0.0086 0.0214 0.0034
Multi Family 0.0213 0.0063 0.0096 0.0265 0.0026 0.0265
Grocery 0.0224 0.0185
Hospital 0.0145
Hotel 0.0169 0.0139
Office 0.0166 0.0127 0.0048 0.0313 0.0313 0.0110
Retail 0.0162 0.0200 0.0032 0.0172 0.0247 0.0247 0.0190
School 0.0191 0.0586 0.0059 0.0329 0.0329 0.0058
Warehouse 0.0227
KEDLI Design Day Gas Consumption PLSF

Single Family 0.0157 0.0032 0.0214 0.0027
Multi Family 0.0167 0.0028 0.0265
Grocery 0.0135 0.0033 0.0224 0.0027
Hospital 0.0056 0.0030 0.0072 0.0030
Hotel 0.0085 0.0037 0.0238 0.0026
Miscellaneous 0.0151 0.0030 0.0272 0.0030
Office 0.0220 0.0037 0.0313
Restaurant 0.0074 0.0033 0.0158 0.0027
Retail 0.0177 0.0030 0.0247 0.0030
School 0.0184 0.0056 0.0329 0.0049
University 0.0128 0.0037 0.0204 0.0024
Warehouse 0.0267 0.0031 0.0333

KEDLI TMY3 Coldest Day Gas Savings PLSFs

Single Family 0.0137 0.0097 0.0181 0.0034
Multi Family 0.0180 0.0072 0.0095 0.0212 0.0026 0.0212
Grocery 0.0181 0.0156
Hospital 0.0132
Hotel 0.0129 0.0123
Office 0.0139 0.0156 0.0048 0.0210 0.0210 0.0121
Retail 0.0133 0.0173 0.0031 0.0143 0.0195 0.0195 0.0298
School 0.0160 0.0417 0.0059 0.0244 0.0244 0.0058
Warehouse 0.0192
KEDLI TMY3 Coldest Day Gas Consumption PLSF

Single Family 0.0134 0.0032 0.0181 0.0027
Multi Family 0.0136 0.0028 0.0212
Grocery 0.0108 0.0033 0.0174 0.0027
Hospital 0.0050 0.0030 0.0062 0.0030
Hotel 0.0071 0.0037 0.0184 0.0026
Miscellaneous 0.0123 0.0030 0.0216 0.0030
Office 0.0152 0.0037 0.0210
Restaurant 0.0065 0.0033 0.0132 0.0027
Retail 0.0141 0.0030 0.0195 0.0030
School 0.0143 0.0056 0.0244 0.0049
University 0.0099 0.0037 0.0154 0.0024
Warehouse 0.0214 0.0031 0.0266

KEDNY Design Day Gas Savings PLSF

Single Family 0.0212 0.0048 0.0213 0.0033
Multi Family 0.0221 0.0041 0.0059 0.0296 0.0035 0.0296
Grocery 0.0276 0.0208
Hospital 0.0230
Hotel 0.0189 0.0154
Office 0.0194 0.0172 0.0051 0.0610 0.0610 0.0077
Retail 0.0204 0.0218 0.0041 0.0178 0.0293 0.0293 0.0325
School 0.0225 0.0770 0.0059 0.0388 0.0388 0.0060
Warehouse 0.0215
KEDNY Design Day Gas Consumption PLSF

Single Family 0.0154 0.0034 0.0213 0.0027
Multi Family 0.0192 0.0039 0.0296
Grocery 0.0159 0.0033 0.0289 0.0027
Hospital 0.0097 0.0032 0.0125 0.0030
Hotel 0.0088 0.0037 0.0270 0.0026
Miscellaneous 0.0140 0.0037 0.0311 0.0033
Office 0.0393 0.0037 0.0610
Restaurant 0.0076 0.0034 0.0177 0.0027
Retail 0.0204 0.0036 0.0293 0.0033
School 0.0214 0.0057 0.0388 0.0078
University 0.0186 0.0039 0.0299 0.0030
Warehouse 0.0285 0.0031 0.0355

KEDNY TMY3 Coldest Day Gas Savings PLSF

Single Family 0.0165 0.0093 0.0181 0.0033
Multi Family 0.0183 0.0056 0.0077 0.0227 0.0035 0.0227
Grocery 0.0204 0.0161
Hospital 0.0189
Hotel 0.0134 0.0136
Office 0.0181 0.0180 0.0050 0.0410 0.0410 0.0093
Retail 0.0151 0.0176 0.0041 0.0130 0.0208 0.0208 0.0349
School 0.0173 0.0491 0.0059 0.0248 0.0248 0.0065
Warehouse 0.0208
KEDNY TMY3 Coldest Day Gas Consumption PLSF

Single Family 0.0132 0.0032 0.0181 0.0027
Multi Family 0.0151 0.0039 0.0227
Grocery 0.0116 0.0033 0.0205 0.0027
Hospital 0.0084 0.0032 0.0106 0.0030
Hotel 0.0068 0.0037 0.0185 0.0026
Miscellaneous 0.0104 0.0037 0.0218 0.0033
Office 0.0267 0.0037 0.0410
Restaurant 0.0063 0.0034 0.0136 0.0027
Retail 0.0147 0.0036 0.0208 0.0033
School 0.0150 0.0057 0.0248 0.0078
University 0.0137 0.0039 0.0212 0.0030
Warehouse 0.0245 0.0031 0.0305

The following tables show calculated gas peak load shape factors for each facility type in each
weather city representing NYSEG and RG&E. PLSF’s are represented for the whole facility,
heating space conditioning, and domestic hot water consumption.1773
Albany
Total End Use
Building Type Heat PLSF Water PLSF
PLSF
Assembly 0.0179 0.0028 0.0161
Auto Repair 0.0057 0.0032 0.0056
Big Box Retail 0.0212 0.003 0.0206
Fast Food 0.0124 0.0029 0.0105
Full Service Restaurant 0.0128 0.0029 0.0111
Grocery 0.0144 0.0024 0.0139
Hotel 0.0085 0.003 0.0049
High School 0.0023 0.0016 0.0022
Hospital 0.0046 0.003 0.0042
Large Office 0.0069 0.0012 0.0068
Low Rise Multi Family 0.0093 0.0033 0.0086
Light Industrial 0.0166 0.0015 0.0152
Multi Family High Rise 0.0145 0.0032 0.0111
Elementary 0.0144 0.0017 0.0137
Religious 0.0072 0.0017 0.007
Single Family Residential 0.0137 0.0032 0.0076
Small Retail 0.0166 0.003 0.0159
Small Office 0.0159 0.002 0.0134
Warehouse 0.0253 - 0.0253
Binghamton
Total End Use
PLSF
Assembly 0.0155 0.0032 0.014
Auto Repair 0.0055 0.0031 0.0053
Big Box Retail 0.0233 0.0029 0.0226
Fast Food 0.0113 0.003 0.0096
Grocery 0.0117 0.003 0.0113
Hotel 0.0074 0.0031 0.0044
High School 0.0083 0.0052 0.0079
Hospital 0.0044 0.003 0.0041
Large Office 0.0063 0.004 0.0063
1773
ADM Associates, Inc., Natural Gas Peak Load Shape Factor Study prepared for Avangrid, January 2023

Total End Use

PLSF
Elementary 0.0105 0.0051 0.0102
Religious 0.0066 0.0016 0.0064
Small Retail 0.0142 0.0029 0.0137
Small Office 0.014 0.0035 0.012
Warehouse 0.0205 - 0.0205
Buffalo
Total End Use
PLSF
Assembly 0.0174 0.0033 0.0157
Auto Repair 0.0057 0.0032 0.0055
Big Box Retail 0.0309 0.003 0.0298
Fast Food 0.0123 0.0031 0.0104
Grocery 0.013 0.0032 0.0125
Hotel 0.0093 0.0032 0.0052
High School 0.0096 0.0054 0.0091
Hospital 0.0052 0.0031 0.0047
Large Office 0.0072 0.0041 0.0071
Elementary 0.013 0.0053 0.0126
Religious 0.0069 0.0017 0.0067
Small Retail 0.0175 0.003 0.0168
Small Office 0.0187 0.0036 0.0158
Warehouse 0.0219 - 0.0219
Massena
Water
Building Type Heat PLSF Total End Use PLSF
PLSF
Assembly 0.0143 0.0032 0.0132
Auto Repair 0.0053 0.0032 0.0051
Big Box Retail 0.0204 0.003 0.02
Fast Food 0.0105 0.003 0.0092
Grocery 0.0115 0.0032 0.0111
Hotel 0.0081 0.0031 0.0049
High School 0.0083 0.0051 0.008
Hospital 0.0047 0.003 0.0043
Large Office 0.0061 0.004 0.0061

Water
PLSF
Elementary 0.0105 0.0051 0.0103
Religious 0.0067 0.0017 0.0066
Small Retail 0.0138 0.0029 0.0133
Small Office 0.0147 0.0036 0.0129
Warehouse 0.0197 - 0.0197
Poughkeepsie
Total End Use
PLSF
Assembly 0.0175 0.0026 0.0155
Auto Repair 0.0071 0.0031 0.0069
Big Box Retail 0.0235 0.0029 0.0226
Fast Food 0.0159 0.003 0.0127
Grocery 0.0148 0.0025 0.0141
Hotel 0.0077 0.0031 0.0046
High School 0.006 0.0014 0.0055
Hospital 0.0042 0.003 0.004
Large Office 0.007 0.001 0.0069
Elementary 0.0158 0.0015 0.0149
Religious 0.0107 0.0038 0.0104
Small Retail 0.0195 0.0031 0.0183
Small Office 0.0219 0.0017 0.0171
Warehouse 0.0248 - 0.0248
Syracuse
Water
PLSF
Assembly 0.0186 0.003 0.0167
Auto Repair 0.0058 0.0032 0.0057
Big Box Retail 0.0299 0.0029 0.0289
Fast Food 0.0132 0.003 0.0111
Grocery 0.0127 0.003 0.0122
Hotel 0.0087 0.0031 0.005

Water
PLSF
High School 0.0084 0.0051 0.008
Hospital 0.0049 0.003 0.0045
Large Office 0.0064 0.004 0.0064
Elementary 0.0127 0.005 0.0123
Religious 0.0072 0.0017 0.007
Small Retail 0.0171 0.0029 0.0164
Small Office 0.0166 0.0035 0.0139
Warehouse 0.0214 - 0.0214
APPLICATION GUIDANCE
1. Users must determine the appropriate mapping from the building types presented here to
the building types to which the PLSFs are being applied, particularly for Commercial
building types. To the extent that a building type and / or measure is not directly
mentioned in the PLSF Tables, users should choose the building type / measure type that
most closely represents the consumption or savings profile of the gas consumption to
which the PLSFs will be applied. The Table below provides some general guidance on
this mapping exercise:
Peak Load Shape Factor Examples of Measure Categories Buildings Simulated
Whole Building CPLSF Custom All

Space Heating CPLSF Heating system efficiency All
improvements for buildings
Water Heating CPLSF Instantaneous water heaters in All
commercial buildings, storage water
heaters in residential buildings
Other Interior Equipment Cooking equipment efficiency All except MF, Office, and
CPLSF upgrades, process improvements Warehouse
Weatherization SPLSF Window improvements, insulation, All
air Sealing
Smart Thermostat SPLSF Smart thermostat installations in SF, MF
residential buildings
Boiler EMS SPLSF Boiler EMS MF
DCV SPLSF Ventilation improvements, DCV Grocery, Hotel, Misc., Office,
controls Restaurant, Retail, School,
University
Storage WH SPLSF Storage water heating efficiency Retail, School, Office
improvements,
Air Curtains SPLSF Air curtains Retail

Heating EQ Upgrades Heating system efficiency SF, MF, Retail, School,

SPLSF improvements Office
Instant WH SPLSF Instantaneous water heater SF, MF
installations, aerators,
Steam Traps SPLSF Steam traps efficiency MF, Retail, School, Office
improvements
Commercial EMS SPLSF Commercial EMS implementation, Retail, School, Office
commercial thermostat
improvements
2. In using the PLSFs, users should consider whether the application requires TMY3
Coldest Day PLSFs, Design Day PLSFs, or a separate attribute. Typically, for planning
purposes which are focused on the Design Day, the Design Day PLSFs would be
applicable. However, since Design Day conditions are seldom reached, TMY3 Coldest
Day or some intermediate value of PLSF may be appropriate for applications which seek
to estimate additional typical peak day impacts.
3. Adjustment for Wholesale Level. The PLSFs generated through this building simulation
effort estimate the peak day savings at the retail level. In order to report savings at the
wholesale level, an adjustment needs to be made for gas losses.
𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑥 𝑃𝐿𝑆𝐹
𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝐷𝑎𝑦 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 =
(1 − 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 %)
The denominator of the equation adjusts retail to wholesale savings. It may be based on
lost and unaccounted for gas (LAUF), with an assumption of how much losses contribute
to LAUF. A rough estimate of the gas loss factor, based on National Grid data, is 1.3%.
Please note, this value of the gas loss adjustment is something that should be further
explored by users. The rough estimate is based on the difference between the billing data
and city-gate deliveries which are collected at a monthly level of granularity. The LAUF
may be significantly different on the design day, as factors such as cold temperatures and
higher demand may lead to more unaccounted-for gas.

References
1. (Con Ed) Gas Peak Day Analysis Memo - May 23, 2019.
Available from:
http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/MatterManagement/MatterFilingItem.aspx?FilingSeq
=264172&MatterSeq=48457
2. (National Grid) National Grid NY Building Simulation and Metering Study: Gas Peak
Day Factor Analysis.
Available from:
https://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId={534E9E3A-
6AF7-49DB-8534-088CDB897F6D}
3. (NYSEG/RGE) ADM Associates, Inc., Natural Gas Peak Load Shape Factor Study
prepared for Avangrid, January 2023
Record of Revision
7-21-25 8/30/2021
3-23-22 3/31/2023

Appendix R: Alternative ccASHP Approach
APPENDIX R
ALTERNATIVE PROGRAMMATIC APPROACH TO RESIDENTIAL COLD CLIMATE AIR

SOURCE HEAT PUMPS (CCASHP)
Introduction
Effective 2023, Con Edison has developed an approach to calculate deemed heating savings for
residential cold climate Air Source Heat Pump (ccASHP) measure as part of its Clean Heat
program being offered across Con Edison territory. Based on an analysis of individual residential
projects, a set of statistical heating savings for building types and floor area sizes were
established. This methodology focuses on estimation of program-level savings rather than project
level savings and will be revised as necessary, based on future evaluations.
- To develop building energy performance estimates for the program, 130 residential heat
pump projects within Con Ed territory were sampled (at 85% confidence level) from a
population of 710 projects to represent the following typical residential building types in
the territory. The population is grouped by buildings with floor area less or equal to 2,000
Sq Ft and buildings with floor area greater than 2,000 Sq Ft. These projects include
electrification of both whole buildings and partial buildings. Building energy performance
was analyzed using whole building billing data, consistent with IPMVP Option C.
<= 2000 SF >2000 SF

Strata Avg Median Avg Median
Projects % Sample Projects % Sample
SF SF SF SF
One Unit
Dwelling 260 48% 1,475 1,440 21 57 33% 2,385 2,296 22
(Detached)
One Unit
Whole
Dwelling
Building 97 18% 1,528 1,530 20 14 8% 2,276 2,224 9
(Connected
Electrific
Townhouses)
ation
One Unit
Dwelling (2
45 8% 1,497 1,520 17 8 5% 2,290 2,274 4
Dwelling
Townhouse)
Partial 2 Units
114 21% 1,630 1,637 70 41% 2,384 2,353
Building Dwelling
19 18
Electrific >2 Units
22 4% 1,700 1,720 23 13% 2,538 2,589
ation Dwelling
Total 538 100% 77 172 100% 53
This method does not consider savings from cooling energy impact as the counterfactual baseline
would have similar cooling efficiency as the new ASHP. Other interactive and ancillary effects
were not considered.

𝐴𝐹𝑈𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 1,000
∆𝑘𝑊ℎℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 = −𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × × 𝐹𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙 ×
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛,𝑒𝑒 3.412
∆𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 0
∆𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 × 𝐹𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑙
where:
AFUE = Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal efficiency for fossil fuel heating
system.
Fctrl = Factor to account for heating load fraction when integrated controls are used.
MMBtubaseline = Baseline annual billing space heating fuel usage normalized for NYC weather
data, in MMBtu.

Estimated using the formula COPseason,ee = a+bxHSPFx1/3.412.
An average of whole building electrification scenarios
COPseason,ee 2.5
1a,1b,1c,1d,2g,2h,3b,3c,4c,4d was considered with a HSPF of
8.2, in NYC.
Thermal efficiency of code minimum gas-fired boiler determines
the efficiency of baseline fossil fuel fired heating system.
AFUEbaseline 0.8 Actual seasonal efficiencies are likely to be lower due to
operating conditions, partial load operations, start-up and
shutdown cycles, and overall system performance.


For complete decommissioning projects, a value of 1 is used.
Fctrl
For projects with integrated controls, a value of 0.5 is used.
Deemed Savings Values

Tables R-1, R-2 and R-3 below list fossil fuel deemed savings, heating electric savings and net
MMBtu savings respectively. Net MMBtu savings were calculated based on the available whole
building billing data and estimated post-installation use. Fossil Fuel Savings and Electrical
Heating Savings reflect baseline thermal efficiency and proposed COPseason,ee. These savings are
applicable for the residential clean heat program projects within Con Edison service territory.
These are not intended for a specific project where savings accuracy matters.
Table R-1: Residential Whole or Partial Building Fossil Fuel Savings (MMBtu)
Fossil Fuel Savings (MMBtu)
Complete
Dwelling Type Integrated Controls
Decommissioning
<= 2,000 SF > 2,000 SF <= 2,000 SF > 2,000 SF
Single Family
Detached
Single Family 87.3 99.3 43.6 49.6
Whole
Attached - one
Building
shared wall
Electrification
Single Family
Attached – two 57.5 98.2 28.8 23.4
shared walls
Partial
2-3 Dwelling
Building 46.9 56.5 23.4 28.3
Units Building
Electrification
Table R-2: Residential Whole or Partial Building Electrification Electric Heating Energy Savings
(kWh)
Electric Heating Energy Savings (kWh)
Complete
Decommissioning
<= 2,000 SF > 2,000 SF <= 2,000 SF > 2,000 SF
Single Family
Detached
Single Family -8,187 -9,310 -4,093 -4,655
Whole
Attached - one
Building
shared wall
Electrification
Single Family
Attached – two -5,395 -9,208 -2,698 -4,604
shared walls

Partial
2-3 Dwelling
Building -4,394 -5,299 -2,197 -2,650
Units Building
Electrification
Table R-3: Residential Whole or Partial Building Electrification Net Energy Savings (MMBtu)
Fossil Fuel Savings (MMBtu)
Complete
Decommissioning
<= 2,000 SF > 2,000 SF <= 2,000 SF > 2,000 SF
Single Family
Detached
Single Family 59.3 67.5 29.7 33.8
Whole
Attached - one
Building
shared wall
Electrification
Single Family
Attached – two 40.7 66.8 20.4 33.4
shared walls
Partial
2-3 Dwelling
Building 31.8 38.4 15.9 19.2
Units Building
Electrification
Record of Revision
6-23-17 7/14/2023

Forms
FORMS
TYPICAL MEASURE HEADINGS
Measure Name ________________________________________________________________

Measure Description ___________________________________________________________
kWh = units × (savings equation)
kW = units × (savings equation) × CF
MMBtu = units × (savings equation)
where:

The prescribed value for the coincidence factor is ________
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Operating Hours
______________________________________________________________________________

Forms

Years: __________________
Source: _______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
References
1. ________________________________________________________________________
Record of Revision (example)
(example) 8-26-2014 (example) 8/29/2014
Record of Revision
0 12/10/2014

Glossary
GLOSSARY
ABBREVIATIONS , ACRONYMS, AND EQUATION VARIABLES
COP Average coefficient of performance
ΔT Average temperature difference
EEF Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season BTU/watt-
hour, (used for a particular climate/building)
kW Peak coincident demand electric savings
ΔkWh Annual electric energy savings
MMBtu Annual fossil fuel energy savings
∆Hvap Heat of vaporization (latent heat), in BTU/lb, at system operating pressure
(psig)
ΔP Pressure drop at nominal airflow
Q Heat difference/loss
ΔR Difference in R-value between cellulose insulation and existing insulation
ΔT Temperature difference
Δ Change, difference, or savings
A Amperage
AC Air conditioning
ACCA Air Conditioning Contractors of America
ACEEE American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy
ACL Actual cooling load (BTU/h) based on Manual J calculation
ACH Air change per hour
AFUE Annual fuel utilization efficiency, seasonal energy efficiency for fuel
heating equipment
AHAM Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers
AHL Actual heating load (BTU/h) based on Manual J calculation
AHRI Air Conditioning Heating and Refrigeration Institute
AHU Air handling unit
AIA American Institute of Architects
AIRloss Air loss percentage in a compressed air line
ANSI American National Standards Institute
APU Auxiliary power unit
area Extent of space or surface
ARI Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration Institute
ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
ASHP Air source heat pump
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning
Engineers
EnergyPlus™ Whole building energy simulation program that engineers, architects, and
researchers use to model both energy consumption—for heating, cooling,
ventilation, lighting and plug and process loads—and water use in buildings.
HPRXML Heat Pump Ready eXtensible Markup Language
HES Home Energy Score
HPXML Home Performance eXtensible Markup Language

Glossary
Manual J8 The 8th edition of Air Conditioning Contractors of America’s (ACCA)

residential HVAC heating and cooling load calculation method.
NEEP ccASHP Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships Cold Climate Heat Pump
Database Database
OpenStudio® Cross-platform (Windows, Mac, and Linux) collection of software tools to
support whole building energy modeling using EnergyPlus™ and advanced
daylight analysis using Radiance. OpenStudio® is an open source (LGPL)
project to facilitate community development, extension, and private sector
adoption of new energy modeling tools and data standards.
Realization The rate of actual observed savings from a measure or measures against the
Rate estimated savings of the same measure calculated during submission of the
project.
Typical A collection of standardized meteorological data at an hourly level derived
meteorological from 1020 weather sites across the U.S. from a sampling period of 1991-
year edition 3 2005.
(TMY3)
baseline Characteristic of baseline condition
BLDC Brushless DC electric motor
BG&E Baltimore Gas and Electric
BTU British Thermal Unit
BTU/h British Thermal Units per hour
CAC Central air conditioner
CADR Clean Air Delivery Rate (CFM)
Capacity Cooling output rating, in BTU/h
CAV Constant air volume
CBECS Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey
CDD Cooling degree days - The number of degrees that a day's average
temperature is above some baseline temperature, which represents the
temperature above which buildings need to be cooled. The baseline
temperature is typically 65°F, but may vary based on application.
CEC State of California Energy Commission
CEE Consortium for Energy Efficiency
CEF Combined energy factor (lb/kWh)
CEER Combined Energy Efficiency Ratio
CF Coincidence factor
CFL Compact fluorescent lamp
CFM Cubic foot per minute
CFM/watt Ventilating efficiency ratio, rated at 0.01’’ static pressure in cubic feet per
minute per watt
CHW Chilled water
CHWP Chilled water pump
CLH Cooling load hours
CM Case motor
CMU Concrete masonry
Compeff Efficiency of the cooler/freezer compressor (kW/Ton)

Glossary
COP Coefficient of performance, ratio of output energy/input energy

cows Number of milking cows on farm
CR Collector Rating (Btu/ft2-day)
CV Constant volume
CW Condenser water
CWP Condenser water pump
Cycle Compressor duty cycle
Cyclesannual Number of dryer cycles per year
D Demand
days Number of operating days per year
DC Direct current
DCV Demand controlled ventilation
DEER Database for Energy Efficiency Resources, California
DF Demand diversity factor
DFP Default functional period
DHW Domestic hot water
Dia Diameter
DLC DesignLights Consortium®
DOAS Dedicated outdoor air system
DOE 2.2 US DOE building energy simulation, and cost calculation tool
DPS Department of Public Service, New York State
DSF Demand savings factor
DWHR Drain Water Heat Recovery
DX Direct expansion
ECCC NYC Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York City
ECCC NYS Energy Conservation Construction Code of New York State
EC Electronically commutated
Econ Economizer
Ecotope Ecotope Consulting, Redlands, CA
ee Characteristic of energy efficient condition
EEPS Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard
EER Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions, rated in accordance with
DOE Appendix M testing procedure
EER2 Energy efficiency ratio under peak conditions, rated in accordance with
DOE Appendix M1 testing procedure
EF Energy factor
Eff Efficiency
Ec Combustion efficiency
Efficiency State of Vermont Energy and Efficiency Initiatives
Vermont
Et Thermal efficiency
EFLH Equivalent full-load hours
EIA Energy Information Administration, US
EISA Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007

Glossary
ElecSF Electric Savings Factor

ENERGY U.S. Environmental Protection Agency voluntary program
STAR®
Energy Trust Energy Trust of Oregon, Inc.
EPA Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), US
EPACT Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 2005
EPDM Ethylene propylene diene monomer roofing membrane
ERV Energy recovery ventilation
ESF Energy savings factor
ESF/psid Percent savings per psid pressure drop reduction
EUL Effective useful life
EFan Evaporator fan
Exh Exhaust
F Factor
FElecCool Electric cooling factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an
FCR Condensate Return Factor, used to account for the proportion of energy lost
that is returned to the system via condensate line
Fcontrol Control type factor
Fdischarge Discharge coefficient
Fderate Aggregate derating factor
FElecHeat Electric heating factor; used to account for the presence or absence of an
Felec Percentage of energy consumed that is derived from electricity
FFuelHeat Fuel heating factor; used to account for the presence or absence of a fossil
fuel heating system
Ffaucet Faucets per household factor
Ffailed Percentage of steam traps that fail annually
Fgas Percentage of energy consumed that is derived from gas
Fh Zone correction for blower door infiltration rate to natural air changes
Fhrs Percentage of annual hours that steam traps are failed
FLoss Steam loss adjustment factor
Fn Height correction for blower door infiltration rate to natural air changes
Fopening Effectiveness of opening factor
Fpeak Peak operation factor
Regenerative breaking factor; used account for fraction of run hours
Fregen
regenerative braking produces energy savings
FVFD Factor to account for reduced consumption resultant from VFD control
FE Rated efficiency of fireplace
FEMP Federal Energy Management Program
FL Full-load chiller efficiency under peak conditions
FLH Full-load hours
Flow Nozzle flow
FPFC Four pipe fan coil

Glossary
ft Foot
ft2 Square feet
ft3 Cubic feet
FuelSF Fuel Savings Factor
GasSF Gas Savings Factor
GDS GDS Associates, Marietta, GA
Glazing area Aperture area of glazing
GLHP Ground Loop Heat Pump
GPD Gallons Per Day
GPM Gallons Per Minute
GSHP Ground Source Heat Pump
Gut Rehab A renovation that removes material down to structural load-bearing beams
GWHP Ground Water Heat Pump
∆Hvap Heat of vaporization (latent heat), in BTU/lb
H2Osavings Water savings
HDD Heating degree days - The number of degrees that a day's average
temperature is below some baseline temperature, which represents the
temperature below which buildings need to be heated. The baseline
temperature is typically 65°F, but may vary based on application.
HDD Heating Degree Days based on location
heatingannual Annual heating consumption of building
HEI Building Heating Energy Intensity
HID High intensity discharge lamp
hp Horsepower
hpmax Maximum motor horsepower
hppeak Horsepower at which motor achieves peak efficiency
HP High performance
hrs Hours
hrsoperating Operating hours
HSPF Heating seasonal performance factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output
(supply heat) in BTU (including electric heat) during the heating season /
total electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour), rated in
accordance with DOE Appendix M testing procedure
HSPF2 Heating seasonal performance factor, BTU/watt-hour, total heating output
(supply heat) in BTU (including electric heat) during the heating season /
total electric energy heat pump consumed (in watt-hour), rated in
accordance with DOE Appendix M1 testing procedure
ht Height
HVAC Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
HVACc HVAC interaction factor for annual electric energy consumption
HVACd HVAC interaction factor at utility summer peak hour
HVACff HVAC interaction factor for annual fossil fuel consumption
HW Hot water
HWRF Hot Water Reduction Factor

Glossary
HWUF Hot Water Usage Factor, a measure of efficiency of baseline system (gal/lb)
hx Heat Exchanger
IECC International Energy Conservation Code
IEER Integrated energy efficiency ratio
IESNA Illuminating engineering Society of North America
IHR Ice Harvest Rate (lbs/day)
IPLV Integrated Part-Load Value, a performance characteristic, typically of a
chiller capable of capacity modulation.
k Thermal conductivity
kBTU/hin Input rating (kBTU/h)
kBTU/hout Output rating (kBTU/h)
kgal Thousand gallons
kSF Thousand square feet
kW kilowatts
kW/CFM Air compressor kW per CFM air delivery at 100 psi
l Length
lb Pounds
LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
leakage Estimate of percent of units not installed in service territory
LED Light emitting diode
LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
LF Load Factor
Load Average total weight (lbs) of clothes per drying cycle
Losssteam Hourly steam loss per failed trap (lb/hr)
LPD Lighting power density
LRAC Long-run avoided cost
LSAF Load shape adjustment factor
MEC Metropolitan Energy Center
MMBtu Unit of heat
min Minutes
MPH Wind speed, in miles per hour
NACH Natural Air Changes
NAECA National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987
NBI New Buildings Institute
NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information
NEA National Energy Alliances
NEAT National Energy Audit Tool
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association
NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory
NRM National Resource Management
NSTAR Operating company of Northeast utilities
NWPPC Northwest Power Planning Council
NWRTF Northwest Regional Technical Forum
NY DPS New York State Department of Public Service

Glossary
NYISO New York Independent System Operator

NYSERDA New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
o
F Degrees Fahrenheit
OCW Overweight of counterbalance as a fraction of elevator car capacity
OSA Outdoor supply air
Pa Pascals, the standard unit of pressure or stress in the International system of
units (SI)
PA Consulting PA Consulting Group
PF Power factor
Phase Number of phases in a motor (1 or 3) Single Phase is a type of motor with
low horsepower that operates on 120 or 240 volts, often used in residential
appliances. Three phase is a motor with a continuous series of three
overlapping AC cycles offset by 120 degrees. Three-phase is typically used
in commercial applications.
PLR Power loss reduction
PNNL Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
PSC Public Service Commission, New York State
PSF Proper sizing factor
patm Atmospheric pressure (lbs per square inch)
psig Gauge pressure (lbs per square inch)
psia Absolute steam pressure (psi)
PSZ Packaged single zone
PTAC Package terminal air conditioner
PTHP Packaged terminal heat pump
Q Heat
Qreduced Reduced heat
Qreject Total heat rejection
Qwind Air flow entering doorway due to wind
Qthermal Air flow entering doorway due to thermal factors
r Radius
RA Return air
RAC Room air conditioner
RE Recovery efficiency
RECS Residential Energy Consumption Survey
RegenSF Savings Factor for regenerative braking system
RESNET Residential Energy Services Network
RH Reduced heat
RLF Rated load factor
RPM Revolutions per minute
R-value A measure of thermal resistance particular to each material
S Savings
SAPA State Administrative Procedure Act
SBC System Benefit Charge
SCFM Standard cubic feet per minute @ 68 oF and 14.7 psi standard condition

Glossary
SEER Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season, BTU/watt-
hour, (used for average U.S. location/region), rated in accordance with DOE
Appendix M testing procedure
SEER2 Seasonal average energy efficiency ratio over the cooling season, BTU/watt-
hour, (used for average U.S. location/region), rated in accordance with DOE
Appendix M1 testing procedure
sens Sensible effectiveness of heat exchanger
SF Square foot
SHGC Solar heat gain coefficient
SL Standby heat loss
Staff NYS Department of Public Service Staff
standby Standby Power (watts)
T Temperature
TAF Temperature adjustment factor
TDA Total Display Area (ft2)
TDEC Total Daily Energy Consumption
TEFC Totally enclosed fan cooled
th Thickness
therm Unit of heat
THR Total heat rejection
Throttlefac Throttle factor
TMY Typical meteorological year
tons Tons of air conditioning
tons/unit Tons of air conditioning per unit, based on nameplate data
total Total effectiveness of heat exchanger
TRC Total Resources Cost
TRF Thermal Regain Factor
TRM Technical Resource Manual
UA Overall heat loss coefficient (BTU/h-ºF)
UA/L Overall heat loss coefficient per unit length (BTU/hºF-ft)
UEF Uniform Energy Factor
unit Measure
units Number of measures installed under the program
UPC Uniform Plumbing Code under the International Association of Plumbing
and Mechanical Officials
US DOE United States Department of Energy
US EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
U-value Measure of heat loss in a building element/overall heat transfer co-efficient
V Volt
v Volume
VAV Variable air volume
VSD Variable speed drive
W watts
Wctrl Total wattage of controlled lighting (watts)

Glossary
WEF Weighted Energy Factor

Wisconsin PSC State of Wisconsin Public Service Commission
WUF Washer Utilization Factor, a measure of the runtime of a typical laundry
facility (lbs laundry/lbs capacity)

Glossary
EQUATION CONVERSION FACTORS

π/4 Orifice area development factor
0.000584 Conversion factor used in DOE test procedure
0.00132 Electric efficient storage type water heater replacing standard storage tank
water heater. NAECA referenced as function of storage volume.
0.0019 Natural gas efficient storage type water heater replacing standard storage
tank water heater. NAECA referenced as function of storage volume.
0.005 Savings factor per change in psi
0.284 Conversion factor, one kW equals 0.284 ton
0.293 Conversion factor, one BTU/h equals 0.293071 watt
0.473 Conversion factor (liters/pint)
0.05 Regression coefficient for the average speed of a VSD and processed milk
units
0.67 Natural gas water heater Energy Factor
0.746 Conversion factor (kW/hp), 746 watts equals one electric horsepower
0.93 Specific heat of milk (Btu/lb·˚F)
0.97 Electric resistance water heater Energy Factor
0.97 An empirically derived constant in the Grashof equation
1.08 Specific heat of air × density of inlet air @ 70oF × 60 min/hr
1.6 Typical refrigeration system kW/ton
1.7729 Regression constant for the average speed of a VSD and processed milk
units
2 Air flow rate of milking unit (CFM)
3.412 Conversion factor, one watt-hour equals 3.412 BTU
3.517 Conversion factor, one ton equals 3.517 kilowatts
4.5 Density of inlet air at 70ºF x 60 min/hr, in lb-min/ft3-hr
5.202 Conversion factor from inches of water to pounds per square ft (lb/sq.ft)
8.33 Specific heat of water; energy required (BTU), to heat one gallon of water by
10 Conversion factor, one MMBtu equals 10 therms
12 (kBTU/h)/ton of air conditioning capacity
24 Hours in one day
60 An empirically derived constant in the Grashof’s equation (lbm/ in0.06-lb0.97-hr)
60 Minutes in one hour
67.5 Ambient air temperature °F
88 Conversion factor, one mile per hour equals 88 feet per minute
91 Days in winter months
100 Conversion factor, one therm equals 100 kBTU
274 Days in non-winter months.
365 Days in one year
459.67 Conversion factor, Fahrenheit to Rankine
3,412 Conversion factor, one kWh equals 3,412 BTU
8,760 Hours in one year
1,000 Conversion factor, one kW equals 1,000 watts

Glossary
1,000 Conversion factor, one MMBtu equals 1,000 kBTU

12,000 Conversion factor, one ton equals 12,000 BTU/h
33,000 Conversion factor ((ft-lb/min)/hp), 33,000 foot-pounds per minute equals
one electric horsepower
1,000,000 Conversion factor, one MMBtu equals 1,000,000 BTU
Record of Revision
0 12/10/2014
6-15-4 6/1/2014
1-17-9 12/31/2016
6-17-17 6/30/2017
9-17-12 9/30/2017
12-17-18 12/31/2017
3-18-22 3/29/2018
6-19-15 6/30/2019
3-20-18 3/30/2020
7-21-25 8/30/2021

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New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy

Savings from Energy Efficiency Programs –

Residential, Multi-Family, and Commercial/Industrial Measures

Issue Date – October 6, 2023

New York State Joint Utilities

Version Title Issued

New York Standard Approach for Estimating Energy

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Duct Sealing and Insulation ............................................................................................................................. 220

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Infrared Charbroiler ........................................................................................................................................ 499

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Infrared Heater ................................................................................................................................................ 820

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

REFRIGERATION - CONTROL .................................................................................................. 1054

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Multi-Family Low-rise Insulation Upgrades ................................................................................................. 1226

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Discussion by Type of Equipment Replaced................................................................................................... 1386

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

SYSTEM PEAK DEMAND DEFINITION

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Electricity – Summer Peak

City Date Temperature Calendar Year

Electricity – Winter Peak

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

NATURAL GAS PEAK S AVINGS DEFINITION

ANCILLARY NON-GAS FOSSIL FUEL IMPACTS

Fuel Heating Value Conversion Factor

ANNUAL/LIFE -CYCLE S AVINGS

EQUIVALENT FULL LOAD HOURS (EFLH), FOR HEATING OR COOLING

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

APPLICATION OF METHODS FOR L OW- AND MODERATE-INCOME (LMI) RESIDENTIAL

NEW CONSTRUCTION B ASELINES – NYC LOCAL LAW 154 OF 2021 7

LL154 Effectuation Schedule

The following cases are excepted for within LL154:

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Sector Measure Name Impact

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Sector Measure Name Impact

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

Sector Measure Name Impact

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October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities

SINGLE AND MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL MEASURES

∆𝑘𝑊ℎ = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 × (𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 − 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑒 )

Summer Peak Coincident Demand Savings

Annual Fossil Fuel Energy Savings

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities 10

standby = Standby Power (Watts)

Summary of Variables & Data Sources

Coincidence Factor (CF)

Baseline Efficiencies from which Energy Savings are Calculated

October 6, 2023 New York State Joint Utilities 11

Minimum Smoke CADR/W Requirement

Compliance Efficiency from which Incentives are Calculated

Minimum Smoke CADR/W Requirement