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Aditya Hrudayam Stotram Meaning Explained

October 25, 2018

Introduction
In our culture it is often found that the forces of nature themselves as deities are worshipped
like the wind, the water, the earth, the fire and so on. One among these deities is Surya, the
presiding deity of our Sun, also known as Aditya (due to his being the son of Aditi), who is
worshipped as the sustainer of life on earth.

Our culture has given prime importance to worship of the Sun through the practice
of Sandhyavandana, the ritual to be performed by all Dvijas (wearers of the sacred thread,
lit. twice-born) everyday during sunrise, noon and sunset, where our prayers are offered to
the Lord Surya through the chanting of the Gayatri Mantra, the sacred hymn to the
(brilliance of the) Sun God, revealed in the Rig Veda (Rig Veda 3.62.10).

Another important hymn to the Sun-God is the Aditya Hrudayam, the subject of this article.
This is a Stotram, or a sacred hymn, dedicated to Lord Aditya.

The story
During the final between Rama and Ravana in Ramayana. Rama has used all kinds of
weapons and missiles against Ravana, but in vain. The overlord of the Rakshasas seems
invincible. Rama, currently a normal human being (and not the all-powerful Lord Vishnu), is
tormented by fatigue, both mentally and physically. He glances at his enemy, who is ready
for battle, and worry crosses his brow.

It is in this gripping scenario that the whole of our hymn is recited.

At this juncture, as the gods look on from the sky, the sage Agastya appears in front of Rama
and, with the aim of rejuvenating Rama and hastening the outcome of the battle, teaches this
prayer to Lord Surya, and disappears soon afterward. Rama receives the prayer from Agastya,
and becomes energized upon reciting it. He lifts his bow and prepares for the final
confrontation.
Thus, the poet of the Ramayana, with his impeccable style, ends the chapter where the Aditya
Hridayam is contained, to proceed afresh with the deciding battle of the tale.

The Stotram and its structure

The Aditya Hrudayam is so named because, according to the great commentator of the
Ramayana, Sri Govindaraja, it is ‘The Prayer that pleases the Heart of Lord Aditya’ – Aditya
Manah-Prasadakam Ityarthah.

As mentioned earlier, this is a work of 31 slokas, out of which the first 30 are set in the
popular 32-syllabled meter, the Anushtup Chandas. The text has a unique flow, with a
distinctive structure, where the slokas are structured as follows:

 The Introduction to the scenario – verses 1-2

 The listing of the benefits of recitation of the hymn – verses 3-5
 The various attributes and activities of Lord Aditya – verses 6-15
 The Aditya Hrudayam – The core of the whole prayer – verses 16-21
 The glories of Aditya – verses 22-24
 The Phalashruti – the benefits of recitation of the prayer – verses 25-27
 The Conclusion – verses 28-32
What makes this structure unique is the presence of the glories of the deity and
the Phalasruti both before as well as after the core portion of the text – a characteristic that is
seldom seen in any other hymn.

Benefits of recitation
As pointed out earlier, the Aditya Hrudayam lists out its benefits twice – once before and
once after the prayer. Agastya enlightens Rama of the benefits of the Stotram at the outset, by
saying, “This Aditya Hrudayam has the potency to vanquish all enemies, bestow victory and
bless its chanter with unending auspiciousness, sound health (implying curing of diseases)
and eradication of all miseries and sins.” – Shloks 4-5.

After reciting the Hrudayam, Agastya promises Rama, “During times of danger, in places of
fear or uncertainty, whoever recites this hymn shall not fall into misery. Upon chanting this
hymn thrice unto Lord Aditya with complete devotion, you shall attain victory. You shall
defeat Ravana the very next instant, Oh Rama!” – Verses 25-27.

This implies the efficacy of chanting of this hymn and the confidence it instills in the mind of
the devotee, something which manifests almost instantaneously in Rama.

The great sage of Kanchi, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswati (1894-1994), the 68th Pontiff of
the Kanchi Kamakoti Mutt, prescribed Aditya Hridayam as a text with great Mantra Shakti.
Regular recitation of it is sure to grant sound health, longevity, dispelling of miseries and
peace of mind, as indicated by Rishi Agastya in the Phalashruti.

The correct pronunciation by Dr.R. Thiagarajan

Scientific gleamings from the Stotram

From the glories of Surya described in the Stotram, we can understand how our culture
worships the Sun as the prime cause of sustenance of life on earth.

We understand how all natural phenomena are ascribed to be an act of Lord Aditya. This is
seen in the initial part of the hymn where Agastya identifies Lord Surya with majority of the
other devas, with the opposite forces being paired together – such as Yama (Death) and Soma
(Rejuvenation), Pitrs (the dead) and Vasus (the forces of nature), Vayu (wind) and Vahni
(fire) and so on. The seasons are said to be caused by him, as are cold and heat, day and
night, rain and shine, etc.

We also get a hint that the ancients too knew about rotation and revolution of the earth
around the Sun, the tilt of the earth’s axis towards and away from the Sun (which causes the
change in seasons), the rain cycle and the evolution of a star system (and its eventual
dissolution in the same star). A detailed reading of the Stotram by the reader may reveal even
more insightful information.

Other glories of Lord Surya

This stotram contains a beautiful praise of Lord Surya, describing him as the cause of the
creation, sustenance and eventual dissolution of this earth. Rishi Agastya devotes 13 slokas
out of 31 to the praise of Surya (out of which 3 slokas occur after the recitation of the actual
hymn).

Lord Surya is primarily described as the Overlord of the World, who nourishes and protects
the world through his various duties. He is described as the Glorious One with infinite rays,
who is worshipped by all, including the eternal enemies, the devas (gods) and the asuras (the
enemies of the gods). He is the embodiment of all divinities (Sarva Devatmakah) such as
Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Skanda, the eight guardians of the world, and so on. Such praise of
Surya is a reflection of the Vedic maxim:

सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थुषश्च॥

 Transliteration:
“sūrya ātmā jagatastasthuṣaśca॥”

English Translation:
The sun is the soul of all that is dynamic and static (Atharva Veda 13.2.35)

He is the Lord of the Skies, the creator of the Seasons, who dispels darkness and causes cold
and heat one after the other (referring to the change in seasons being due to the shift of the
earth towards and away from the Sun). He is the Lord praised by the Rig, Yajuh, and Sama
Vedas.

He causes heavy rains and is the friend of the waters (a poetic way of describing the rain
cycle), and is the source of all that is in this world. He has the skies as his pathway and he is
always on the move (referring to the revolution of the Sun around the Galactic center).

Lord Surya destroys all that is created, and recreates all that is destroyed (a reference to how
everything in a star system arises from and dissolves into the same nebula). He provides heat
and rains successively and is the form of all activities in this world and their fruits.

A similar praise can be found in the Bhagavata Purana, 12.11.30:

एक एव हि लोकानाम् सूर्य आत्मादिकृ द् हरिः।

सर्व वेद क्रिया मूलम् ऋषिभिर्बहुधोदितः॥

Transliteration:
eka eva hi lokānām sūrya ātmādikṛd hariḥ।
sarva veda kriyā mūlam ṛṣibhirbahudhoditaḥ॥

English Translation:
“The Sun God, a manifestation of Lord Hari, is the one Soul of everyone in this world. He is
the source of all Vedic activities, and is praised variously by several Rishis (like, here, Rishi
Agastya)”.

Stotram in Sanskrit with translation

ततो युद्धपरिश्रान्तं समरे चिन्तया स्थितम्।

रावणं चाग्रतो दृष्ट्वा युद्धाय समुपस्थितम्॥१॥
दैवतैश्च समागम्य द्रष्टुमभ्यागतो रणम्।
उपगम्याब्रवीद् राममगस्त्यो भगवांस्तदा॥२॥

Transliteration:
tato yuddhapariśrāntaṃ samare cintayā sthitam।
rāvaṇaṃ cāgrato dṛṣṭvā yuddhāya samupasthitam॥1॥
daivataiśca samāgamya draṣṭumabhyāgato raṇam।
 upagamyābravīd rāmamagastyo bhagavāṃstadā॥2॥

English translation:
Approaching Rāma standing absorbed in deep thought in the battle-field,
exhausted by the fight, and facing Ravana who was duly prepared for the war,
the glorious sage Agastya, who had come in the company of the gods,
to witness the battle, then spoke as follows -

Hindi translation:
इधर श्रीरामचन्द्रजी युद्ध से थककर चिंता करते हुए युद्धभूमि में खड़े थे।
इतने में युद्ध के लिए उनके सामने उपस्थित हो गया।
यह देख भगवान् अगस्त्य मुनि, जो देवताओं के साथ युद्ध देखने के लिए आए थे, श्रीराम के पास जाकर बोले -

राम राम महाबाहो शृणु गुह्यं सनातनम्।

येन सर्वानरीन् वत्स समरे विजयिष्यसे॥३॥

Transliteration:
rāma rāma mahābāho śṛṇu guhyaṃ sanātanam।
yena sarvānarīn vatsa samare vijayiṣyase॥3॥

English translation:
"O Rāma, the mighty armed! Hear the following eternal secret,
by which you can conquer all the enemies in battle, my child!"

Hindi translation:
“सब के हृदय में रमण करनेवाले राम! यह सनातन गोपनीय स्तोत्र सुनो। वत्स!
इसके जप से तुम युद्ध में अपने समस्त शत्रुओं पर विजय पा जाओगे।

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आदित्यहृदयं पुण्यं सर्वशत्रुविनाशनम्।

जयावहं जपं नित्यमक्षयं परमं शिवम्॥४॥
सर्वमङ्गलमाङ्गल्यं सर्वपापप्रणाशनम्।
 चिन्ताशोकप्रशमनमायुर्वर्धनमुत्तमम्॥५॥

Transliteration:
ādityahṛdayaṃ puṇyaṃ sarvaśatruvināśanam।
jayāvahaṃ japaṃ nityamakṣayaṃ paramaṃ śivam॥4॥
sarvamaṅgalamāṅgalyaṃ sarvapāpapraṇāśanam।
cintāśokapraśamanamāyurvardhanamuttamam॥5॥

English translation:
“This supreme prayer, Ādityahrudayam, is the best amongst auspicious verses,
it will destroy all sins, dispel all doubts, allay all worry and sorrow,
anxiety and anguish, and increase the longevity of life.
It gives complete prosperity.

Hindi translation:
“इस गोपनीय स्तोत्र का नाम है 'आदित्यहृदय'। यह परम पवित्र और संपूर्ण शत्रुओं का नाश करनेवाला है।
इसके जप से सा विजय की प्राप्ति होती है। यह नित्य अक्षय और परम कल्याणमय स्तोत्र है।
संपूर्ण मंगलों का भी मंगल है। इससे सब पापों का नाश हो जाता है।
यह चिंता और शोक को मिटाने तथा आयु को बढ़ानेवाला उत्तम साधन है।

रश्मिमन्तं समुद्यन्तं देवासुरनमस्कृ तम्।

पूजयस्व विवस्वन्तं भास्करं भुवनेश्वरम्॥६॥

Transliteration:
raśmimantaṃ samudyantaṃ devāsuranamaskṛtam।
pūjayasva vivasvantaṃ bhāskaraṃ bhuvaneśvaram॥6॥

English translation:
“Worship the sun-god, the ruler of the worlds and lord of the universe,
who is crowned with effulgent rays, who appears at the horizon and brings light,
who is greeted by the gods and the demons alike.

Hindi translation:
“भगवान् सूर्य अपनी अनंत किरणों से सुशोभित (रश्मिमान्) है।
ये नित्य उदय होनेवाला (समुद्यन्), देवता और असुरों से नमस्कृ त, विवस्वान् नाम से प्रसिद्ध,
प्रभा का विस्तार करनेवाले (भास्कर) और संसार के स्वामी (भुवनेश्वर) हैं। तुम इनका इन नाम मन्त्रों के द्वारा
पूजन करो।

सर्वदेवात्मको ह्येष तेजस्वी रश्मिभावनः।

एष देवासुरगणाँल्लोकान् पाति गभस्तिभिः॥७॥
 Transliteration:
sarvadevātmako hyeṣa tejasvī raśmibhāvanaḥ।
eṣa devāsuragaṇā~llokān pāti gabhastibhiḥ॥7॥

English translation:
“Indeed, He is the very embodiment of all Gods. He is self-luminous and a reflector of all the
rays.
He nourishes and energises the inhabitants of all the worlds as well as the host of Gods and
demons by his rays.

Hindi translation:
“संपूर्ण देवता इन्हीं के स्वरूप है। ये तेज की राशि तथा अपनी किरणों से जगत को सत्ता एवं स्फू र्ति प्रदान
करनेवाले हैं।
ये ही अपनी रश्मियों का प्रसार करके देवता और असुरों सहित संपूर्ण लोगों का पालन करते हैं।

एष ब्रह्मा च विष्णुश्च शिवः स्कन्दः प्रजापतिः।

महेन्द्रो धनदः कालो यमः सोमो ह्यपां पतिः॥८॥
पितरो वसवः साध्या अश्विनौ मरुतो मनुः।
वायुर्वह्निः प्रजाः प्राण ऋतुकर्ता प्रभाकरः॥९॥

Transliteration:
eṣa brahmā ca viṣṇuśca śivaḥ skandaḥ prajāpatiḥ।
mahendro dhanadaḥ kālo yamaḥ somo hyapāṃ patiḥ॥8॥
pitaro vasavaḥ sādhyā aśvinau maruto manuḥ।
vāyurvahniḥ prajāḥ prāṇa ṛtukartā prabhākaraḥ॥9॥

English translation:
“Indeed, he is Brahma (the creator), Viṣṇu (the protector), Śiva (the god of destruction),
Skanda (son of Śiva),
Prajāpati (the ten lords of beings), Indra (the ruler of gods), Kubera (the bestower of riches),
Kāla (time),
Yama (god of retribution), Soma (the moon god), Varuṇa (ruler of waters), the Pitṛs
(ancestors), the eight Vasus,
the twelve Sādhyas, the two Aśvinas (physicians of god), the forty nine Maruts (wind gods),
Manu (progenitor of the human race), Vāyu (the wind god), the fire god, The created beings,
the life breath (of all human beings), the maker of the seasons and the giver of light.

Hindi translation:
“ये ही ब्रह्मा, विष्णु, शिव, स्कन्द, प्रजापति, इंद्र, कु बेर, काल,
यम, चन्द्रमा, वरुण, पितर, वसु, साध्य,
अश्विनीकु मार, मरुद्गण, मनु, वायु, अग्नि, प्रजा, प्राण, ऋतुओं को प्रकट करनेवाले तथा प्रभा के पुंज हैं।
 आदित्यः सविता सूर्यः खगः पूषा गभस्तिमान्।
सुवर्णसदृशो भानुर्हिरण्यरेता दिवाकरः॥१०॥
हरिदश्वः सहस्रार्चिः सप्तसप्तिर्मरीचिमान्।
तिमिरोन्मथनः शम्भुस्त्वष्टा मार्ताण्डकोंऽशुमान्॥११॥
हिरण्यगर्भः शिशिरस्तपनो भास्करो रविः।
अग्निगर्भोऽदितेः पुत्रः शङ् खः शिशिरनाशनः॥१२॥
व्योमनाथस्तमोभेदी ऋग्यजुःसामपारगः।
घनवृष्टिरपां मित्रो विन्ध्यवीथीप्लवङ्गमः॥१३॥
आतपी मण्डली मृत्युः पिङ्गलः सर्वतापनः।
कविर्विश्वो महातेजाः रक्तः सर्वभवोद्भवः॥१४॥
नक्षत्रग्रहताराणामधिपो विश्वभावनः।
तेजसामपि तेजस्वी द्वादशात्मन् नमोऽस्तु ते॥१५॥

Transliteration:
ādityaḥ savitā sūryaḥ khagaḥ pūṣā gabhastimān।
suvarṇasadṛśo bhānurhiraṇyaretā divākaraḥ॥10॥
haridaśvaḥ sahasrārciḥ saptasaptirmarīcimān।
timironmathanaḥ śambhustvaṣṭā mārtāṇḍakoṃ'śumān॥11॥
hiraṇyagarbhaḥ śiśirastapano bhāskaro raviḥ।
agnigarbho'diteḥ putraḥ śaṅkhaḥ śiśiranāśanaḥ॥12॥
vyomanāthastamobhedī ṛgyajuḥsāmapāragaḥ।
ghanavṛṣṭirapāṃ mitro vindhyavīthīplavaṅgamaḥ॥13॥
ātapī maṇḍalī mṛtyuḥ piṅgalaḥ sarvatāpanaḥ।
kavirviśvo mahātejāḥ raktaḥ sarvabhavodbhavaḥ॥14॥
nakṣatragrahatārāṇāmadhipo viśvabhāvanaḥ।
tejasāmapi tejasvī dvādaśātman namo'stu te॥15॥

English translation:
“His names are - Āditya (an offspring of Aditi), Savitā (the progenitor of all), Sūrya (the sun
god), Pūṣā (the procator of people), Gabhastimān (the nourisher with rain), the possessor of
golden rays that are brilliant having the golden seed, Divākara (maker of the day); he has
seven horses, Sahasrārci (thousand rayed), Marīcimān (full of rays), Timironmadhana
(destroyer of darkness), Śambhu (giver of life), Mārtaṇḍa (who is infuser of life in the cosmic
egg); Hiraṇyagarbha (who is a golden foetus), Ahaskara (who brings the day), Ravi
(eulogised by all), Agnigarbha (pregnant with fire), the son of Aditi, Śiśiranāśana (the
destroyer of frost); Vyomanātha (the lord of the sky), Tamobhedī (disperser of darkness), the
master of Ṛgveda, Yajurveda and Sāmaveda, Ghanavṛṣṭi (sender of great rainfall), Apāṃ
mitra (the friend of waters) and Vindhyavītīplavaṅgama (the one who swiftly crosses the
sky); Ātapī (he is the radiator of heat) and Maṇḍalī (is adorned with a circle of rays), Mṛtyu
(he is death himself), Piṅgala (tawny in colour), Sarvatāpa (giver of warmth), omniscient,
endowed with extra ordinary splendour, and Sarvabhavaodbhava (the one who is
affectionate); he is the controller of all the lunar bodies, planets and stars, creator of all and
resplendent among the splendid, O god, Dwādaśātman (who appears in twelve forms), hail to
you!

Hindi translation:
“इन्हीं के नाम - आदित्य (अदितीपुत्र), सविता (जगत को उत्पन्न करनेवाले), सूर्य, (सर्वव्यापक), खग (आकाश
में विचरनेवाले), पृषा (पोषण करनेवाले), गभस्तिमान (प्रकाशमान), सुवर्णसादृश, भानु (प्रकाशक), हिरण्यरेता
(ब्रह्मांड की उत्पत्ति के बीज), दिवाकर (रात्रि का अंधकार दूर करके दिन का प्रकाश फै लानेवाले), हरिदश्व (हरे
रंग के घोड़े वाले), सहस्रार्चि (हजारों किरणों से सुशोभित), सात घोड़ेवाले, मरीचिमान (किरणों से सुशोभित),
अंधकार का नाश करनेवाले, शम्भू (कल्याण के उद्गमस्थान), त्वष्टा (भक्तों का दुःख दूर करनेवाले), मार्तन्डक
(ब्रह्माण्ड को जीवन प्रदान करनेवाले), अंशुमान (किरण धारण करने वाले), हिरण्यगर्भ (ब्रह्मा), ठं डी का नाश
करनेवाले, अहस्कर (दिनकर), रवि (सब के स्तुतिपात्र), अग्नि को गर्भ में धारण करनेवाले, आकाश स्वामी,
अंधकार को नष्ट करनेवाले, ऋग्वेद, यजुर्वेद तथा सामवेद के पारगामी, घनी वृष्टि देनेवाले, जालों को उत्पन्न
करनेवाले, किरणों को धारण करनेवाले, पिंगल (भूरे रंग वाले), सबको ताप देनेवाले, सर्वस्वरूप, कवि,
महातेजस्वी, लाल रंगवाले, तेजस्वियों में भी अधिक तेजस्वी, तथा जो बारे स्वरूपों में अभिव्यक्त है - आपको
नमस्कार है।

नमः पूर्वाय गिरये पश्चिमायाद्रये नमः।

ज्योतिर्गणानां पतये दिनाधिपतये नमः॥१६॥

Transliteration:
namaḥ pūrvāya giraye paścimāyādraye namaḥ।
jyotirgaṇānāṃ pataye dinādhipataye namaḥ॥16॥

English translation:
Salutations to the Lord of eastern mountain (sunrise) Lord of western mountain (sunset).
Salutations to the Lord of the stellar bodies and to the Lord of day.

Hindi translation:
पूर्वागीरी (उदयाचल) तथा पश्चिमगिरि (अस्ताचल) तक आपको नमस्कार है।
ग्रहों और तारों के स्वामी तथा दिन के अधिपति आपको प्रणाम है।

जयाय जयभद्राय हर्यश्वाय नमो नमः।

नमो नमः सहस्रांशो आदित्याय नमो नमः॥१७॥

Transliteration:
jayāya jayabhadrāya haryaśvāya namo namaḥ।
namo namaḥ sahasrāṃśo ādityāya namo namaḥ॥17॥

English translation:
Hail to you, the bestower of victory, hail to you the joy born of victory!
Hail to you the lord of green horses, Hail to you Oh thousand rayed one! Hail to you Oh son
of Aditi!

Hindi translation:
 आप जयस्वरूप तथा विजय और कल्याण के दाता हैं। आपके रथ में हरे घोड़े जुते हैं।
आपको बारम्बार नमस्कार है। सहस्रों किरणों से सुशोभित भगवान् सूर्या आपको बारम्बार नमस्कार है। अदिति
के पुत्र आपको बारम्बार नमस्कार है।

नम उग्राय वीराय सारङ्गाय नमो नमः।

नमः पद्मप्रबोधाय प्रचण्डाय नमो नमः॥१८॥

Transliteration:
nama ugrāya vīrāya sāraṅgāya namo namaḥ।
namaḥ padmaprabodhāya pracaṇḍāya namo namaḥ॥18॥

English translation:
Salutations to you O fierce one, salutations to the valiant one,
salutations to the one with variegated colours, hail to you Oh furious one!

Hindi translation:
उग्र, वीर एवं सारंग (शीघ्रगामी) सूर्यदेव को मेरा नमस्कार है।
कमलों को विकसित करनेवाले प्रचंड तेजधारी प्रचण्ड को भी मेरा प्रणाम है।

ब्रह्मेशानाच्युतेशाय सूर्यायादित्यवर्चसे।
भास्वते सर्वभक्षाय रौद्राय वपुषे नमः॥१९॥

Transliteration:
brahmeśānācyuteśāya sūryāyādityavarcase।
bhāsvate sarvabhakṣāya raudrāya vapuṣe namaḥ॥19॥

English translation:
Salutations to the Lord of Brahma, Śiva and Viṣṇu, salutations to Sūrya the sun god,
who (by his power and effulgence) is both the illuminator and devourer of all and is of a form
that is fierce like Rudra.

Hindi translation:
आप भगवान ब्रह्मा, शिव और विष्णु के भी स्वामी है। सूर आपकी संज्ञा है, यह सूर्यमंडल आपका ही तेज है,
आप प्रकाश से परिपूर्ण हैं, सबको स्वाहा कर देनेवाली अग्नि आपका ही स्वरुप है, आप रौद्ररूप धारण करने
वाले आपको मेरा नमस्कार है।
 तमोघ्नाय हिमघ्नाय शत्रुघ्नायामितात्मने।
कृ तघ्नघ्नाय देवाय ज्योतिषां पतये नमः॥२०॥

Transliteration:
tamoghnāya himaghnāya śatrughnāyāmitātmane।
kṛtaghnaghnāya devāya jyotiṣāṃ pataye namaḥ॥20॥

English translation:
Salutations to the dispeller of darkness, the destroyer of cold,
fog and snow, the exterminator of foes; the one whose extent is immeasurable.
Salutations also to the destroyer of the ungrateful and to the Lord of all the stellar bodies,
who is the ruler of all the lights of the Universe.

Hindi translation:
हे प्रभु, आप अज्ञान और अन्धकार के नाशक है, आप जड़ता एवं शीत के निवारक तथा शत्रु का नाश करनेवाले
हैं।
आपका स्वरुप अप्रमेय है। आप कृ तघ्नों का नाश करनेवाले, संपूर्ण ज्योतियों के स्वामी और देवस्वरूप हैं,
आपको मेरा प्रणाम है।

तप्तचामीकराभाय हरये विश्वकर्मणे।

नमस्तमोऽभिनिघ्नाय रुचये लोकसाक्षिणे॥२१॥

Transliteration:
taptacāmīkarābhāya haraye viśvakarmaṇe।
namastamo’bhinighnāya rucaye lokasākṣiṇe॥21॥

English translation:
Salutations to the Lord shining like refined gold, destroying darkness, to the architect of the
universe,
who destroys the darkness (of ignorance), and who is the cosmic witness. Salutations to
incarnate splendour, the cause of all activity and creation in the world.

Hindi translation:
प्रभु आप प्रभा तपाये हुए सुवर्ण के समान है, आप हरि हैं, आप विश्वकर्मा हैं,
तम के नाशक, प्रकाशस्वरूप एवं जगत के साक्षी हैं, आपको मेंरा प्रणाम है।

नाशयत्येष वै भूतं तमेव सृजति प्रभुः।

पायत्येष तपत्येष वर्षत्येष गभस्तिभिः॥२२॥

Transliteration:
nāśayatyeṣa vai bhūtaṃ tameva sṛjati prabhuḥ।
 pāyatyeṣa tapatyeṣa varṣatyeṣa gabhastibhiḥ॥22॥

English translation:
Salutations to the Lord who creates heat by his brilliant rays.
He alone creates, sustains and destroys all that has come into being.
Salutations to him who by his rays consumes the waters, heats them up and sends them down
as rain again.

Hindi translation:
हे रघुनन्दन! ये भगवान् सूर्य ही संपूर्ण भूतों का संहार, सृष्टि और पालन करते हैं।
ये अपनी किरणों से गर्मी पहुंचाते और वर्षा भी करते हैं ।

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एष सुप्तेषु जागर्ति भूतेषु परिनिष्ठितः।

एष चैवाग्निहोत्रं च फलं चैवाग्निहोत्रिणाम्॥२३॥

Transliteration:
eṣa supteṣu jāgarti bhūteṣu pariniṣṭhitaḥ।
eṣa caivāgnihotraṃ ca phalaṃ caivāgnihotriṇām॥23॥

English translation:
Salutations to the Lord who abides in the heart of all beings keeping awake when they are
asleep.
Verily, he is the Agnihotra, the sacrificial fire and the fruit gained by the worshipper of the
Agnihotra.

Hindi translation:
ये सब भूतों में अन्तर्यामी रूप से स्थित होकर उनके सो जाने पर भी जागते रहते हैं।
ये ही अग्निहोत्र तथा अग्निहोत्री पुरुषों को मिलनेवाले फल हैं।

देवाश्च क्रतवश्चैव क्रतूनां फलमेव च।

यानि कृ त्यानि लोके षु सर्वेषु परमप्रभुः॥२४॥
 Transliteration:
devāśca kratavaścaiva kratūnāṃ phalameva ca।
yāni kṛtyāni lokeṣu sarveṣu paramaprabhuḥ॥24॥

English translation:
He comprises all the gods, as well as the fruits of the sacrifices also.
He is supremely competent, one of all activities which is found in all the worlds.

Hindi translation:
देवता, यज्ञ और यज्ञों के फल भी ये ही हैं।
संपूर्ण लोगों में जितनी क्रियाएँ होती हैं, उन सब का फल देने मैं ये ही पूर्ण समर्थ हैं।

एनमापत्सु कृ च्छ्रेषु कान्तारेषु भयेषु च।

कीर्तयन् पुरुषः कश्चिन्नावसीदति राघव॥२५॥

Transliteration:
enamāpatsu kṛcchreṣu kāntāreṣu bhayeṣu ca।
kīrtayan puruṣaḥ kaścinnāvasīdati rāghava॥25॥

English translation:
Listen, Oh Rāghava, any person, singing the glories of Surya in great difficulties,
during affliction, while lost in the wilderness, and when beset with fear, will not come to
grief.

Hindi translation:
हे राघव! विपत्ति में, कष्ट में, दुर्गम मार्ग में तथा और किसी भय के अवसर
पर जो कोई पुरुष इन सूर्यदेव का कीर्तन करता है, उसे दुःख नहीं भोगना पड़ता।

पूजयस्वैनमेकाग्रे देवदेवं जगत्पतिम्।

एतत् त्रिगुणितं जप्त्वा युद्धेषु विजयिष्यति॥२६॥

Transliteration:
pūjayasvainamekāgre devadevaṃ jagatpatim।
etat triguṇitaṃ japtvā yuddheṣu vijayiṣyati॥26॥

English translation:
If you worship this lord of the universe, the God of all Gods,
with concentrated mind and devotion by reciting this hymn (ādityahṛdayam) thrice, you will
emerge victorious in the battle.
 Hindi translation:
इसलिये तुम एकाग्रचित्त होकर इन देवाधिदेव जगदीश्वर कि पूजा करो।
इसका (आदित्यहृदय स्तोत्र का) तीन बार जप करने से तुम युद्ध में विजय पाओगे।

अस्मिन् क्षणे महाबाहो रावणं त्वं जहिष्यसि।

एवमुक्त्वा ततोऽगस्त्यो जगाम च यथागतम्॥२७॥

Transliteration:
asmin kṣaṇe mahābāho rāvaṇaṃ tvaṃ jahiṣyasi।
evamuktvā tato’gastyo jagāma ca yathāgatam॥27॥

English translation:
“O mighty-armed one, you shall triumph over Rāvaṇa this very moment.”
Saying so, sage Agastya took leave and returned to his original place.

Hindi translation:
"महाबाहो! तुम इसी समय रावण को यूद्ध में वध कर सकोगे।"
यह कहकर अगस्त्य ऋषि वापस चले गए।

एतच्छ्रु त्वा महातेजा नष्टशोकोऽभवत् तदा।

धारयामास सुप्रीतो राघवः प्रयतात्मवान्॥२८॥
आदित्यं प्रेक्ष्य जप्त्वेदं परं हर्षमवाप्तवान्।
त्रिराचम्य शुचिर्भूत्वा धनुरादाय वीर्यवान्॥२९॥
रावणं प्रेक्ष्य हृष्टात्मा जयार्थं समुपागमत्।
सर्वयत्नेन महता वृतस्तस्य वधेऽभवत्॥३०॥

Transliteration:
etacchrutvā mahātejā naṣṭaśoko'bhavat tadā।
dhārayāmāsa suprīto rāghavaḥ prayatātmavān॥28॥
ādityaṃ prekṣya japtvedaṃ paraṃ harṣamavāptavān।
trirācamya śucirbhūtvā dhanurādāya vīryavān॥29॥
rāvaṇaṃ prekṣya hṛṣṭātmā jayārthaṃ samupāgamat।
sarvayatnena mahatā vṛtastasya vadhe'bhavat॥30॥

English translation:
Having heard this, that great warrior Raghava, feeling greatly delighted, became free from
anguish. The lustrous Lord Rāma obeyed the sayings of sage Agastya with great happiness.
With a composed mind, he retained this hymn in his memory, ready to chant the
Ādityahrudyam.
Having performed Acamanam (sipping water thrice) and being purified, Rāma gazing at the
sun with devotion, recited the hymn Ādityahrudyam thrice, then that great hero Rāghava was
thrilled and lifted his bow.

Hindi translation:
उनका उपदेश सुनकर महातेजस्वी श्रीरामजी का शोक दूर हो गया। उन्होंने प्रसन्न होकर शुद्धचित्त से
आदित्यहृदय को धारण किया और तीन बार आचमन करके शुद्ध हो भगवान् सूर्य की ओर हुए इसका तीन बार
जप किया।
इससे उन्हें बड़ा हर्ष हुआ। फिर परम पराक्रमी राघनाथजी ने धनुष्य उठाकर रावण की ओर देखा और
उत्साहपूर्वक विजय पाने के लिए वे आगे बढ़े। उन्होंने पूरा प्रयत्न करके रावण के वध का निश्चय किया। भक्ति
के साथ राम ने सूरज को देखा एवं तीन बार इस भजन का आनंद लिया । भजन के समाप्त होने पर राम ने
अपने धनुष को उठाया और रावण से युद्ध करने के लिए तैयार हो गए।

अथ रविरवदन्निरीक्ष्य रामं मुदितमनाः परमं प्रहृष्यमाणः।

निशिचरपतिसंक्षयं विदित्वा सुरगणमध्यगतो वचस्त्वरेति॥३१॥

Transliteration:
atha raviravadannirīkṣya rāmaṃ muditamanāḥ paramaṃ prahṛṣyamāṇaḥ।
niśicarapatisaṃkṣayaṃ viditvā suragaṇamadhyagato vacastvareti॥31॥

English translation:
Then knowing that the destruction of Rāvaṇa was near, the Sun-God,
surrounded by all the Gods in heaven, looked at Rāma with a delighted mind and exclaimed
“Hasten up!”

Hindi translation:
उस समय देवताओं के मध्य में खड़े हुए भगवान् सूर्य ने प्रसन्न होकर
श्रीरामचन्द्रजी की और देखा और निशाचरराज रावण के विनाश का समय निकट जानकर हर्षपूर्वक कहा –
‘अब जल्दी करो!’

Valmiki proves his excellence as a poet when he concludes the chapter thus:

“Upon hearing this prayer, Rama became free of miseries. He looked at the sun, with
happiness, and chanting the hymn thrice, lifted his bow. He looked at Ravana, and valorously
advanced to battle, knowing full well that Ravana’s death was inevitable.

Then, Lord Surya, positioned in the middle of the group of gods in the sky, looked
delightedly at Rama. And knowing that Ravana’s death was at hand, he uttered, ‘Hurry up!’”.

Thus Valmiki concludes the chapter, in such a way that the prayer is complete by itself (due
to the predetermined outcome of the battle being confirmed in the conclusion), and yet the
reader has the pleasure and thrill of reading the sequence of the climactic battle afresh in the
next chapter.