1.15.

4 DIFFERENTIAL INDEXING
Though compound indexing as explained above isa convenient way to get any indexing
required, it is fairly cumbersome to use in practice.Differential indexing is used to
index almost all the numbers not obtainable by simple or compound indexing. This
method is not very much different in principle than compound indexing Hence, it can
be said to be an automatic mnethod of performing compound indexing.
Differential Indexing is Carried in Two Stages :
Y The crank is moved in acertain direction similar to the simple indexing
(ii) In the second stage, either some movement is added to the above crank movement
or subtracted from the same
The addition or subtraction of the crank movement is accomplished by moving the
plate by means of a gear train, connecting the dividing head spindle to the worm
spindle. Thesaid motion is added by rotating the index plate in the same direction
as crank and is subtracted by rotating the plate in the opposite direction to that of
the crank.
In differential indexing, the index plate is made free to rotate, by taking out the locking
pin. When the index crank is rotated, the workpiece spindle also rotates (through
worm and wormwheel). As the workpiece spindle is connected to the index plate
through the gears, the index plate willalso start rotating. The direction of the movement
of the index plate depends upon the gear train employed.
WARNING IF ANYBODY CAUGHT WILL BE PROSECUTED
 worm shaft
If an idler gear is added between the spindle gear and the gearas in case o
plate will move in the same direction
à Simple gear train, then the index that of
indexing crank movement, shown in Fig. 1.52. In case of compound
gear train,thean
is to move in the opposite
gear is to be used when the index plate
idler
shown in Fig. 1.53. Gear on Spindle
direction,
Gear on Spindle First Gear on
Stude

Gear on Worm Shaft

Idler
Idler Gear on Worm Shaft Second Gear on Stud

FIG 1.53 : Compound Differential

FIG 1.52: Simple Differential
Indexing
Indexing
dividing heads) is: 24, 24, 28, 32 40
The change gear set available (Brown and sharp
44, 48, 56, 64, 72, 86 and 100.
placed between
(The following relation is used for calculating the necessary gears to be
the spindle and the worm shaft,
Driver Gear on spindle (A Ny )x40
Gear ratio = Driven Gear on index plate A
40
and a crank movement A
where A = the selected number, which can be indexed byplain indexing and the
number is approximately equal to Nrev
Ndiy = the required number of divisions to be indexed.
The equation gives the gear ratio to be placed on the spindle and the worm shaft
The arrangement of gears may be simple or compound train depending upon the
suitability.
If (A - Ndiy) is positive, then rotate the index plate in the direction in which crank 1S
rotated. If it is negative, then rotate the index plate in opposite direction to that of the
crank.

To make sure that the calculations made for change gears and the crank movement
are correct, apply the following rules,
.15.5 ANGULAR INDEXING
periphery of a work in anguilar
(The angular indexing is the process of dividing the
used when it
measurements and not by the number of divisions. Angular indexing is
angle at the centre of the circle
is necessary to cut grooves or slots subtending agiven
upon which they are spaced. )
The indexing method is similar to the plain indexing. In earlier discussions we have
seen that 40 crank rotations make the work rotate through 360°. Therefore, for each
360
rotation of the crank the work will rotate through 40 9°)
Rule for Angular Indexing : To find the index crank movement, divide the angle by
9 if it is expressed in degrees, by540 if it is expressed in minutes, and by 32,400 if it
is expressed in seconds. The formula is,

Index crank movement =

Angular displacement of work in degees
9

Angular displacement of work in miute

540

Angular displacement of work in seond

32,400