Electrostatics

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 Electrostatics COULOMB’S LAW
If two stationary and point charges Q1 and Q2 are kept at a
ELECTRIC CHARGE distance r, then it is found that force of attraction or
repulsion between them is proportional to the product of
Charge is the property associated with matter due to which the two charges and inversely proportional to the square of
it produces and experiences electrical and magnetic the distance between them. Mathematically, Coulomb’s law
effects.
(i) Positive charge (ii) Negative charge k ⋍ 9.0 × 109 N m2C2
Charge with the same electrical sign repel each other, and
charges with opposite electrical sign attract each other.
Constant k depends upon system of units and medium
between the two charges.
ELECTRIC FIELD
A positive charge or a negative charge is said to create its field
around itself. Thus space around a charge in which another
charged particle experiences a force is said to have electrical
field in it.
Electric field intensity
The electric field intensity at any point is defined as the force Effect of medium
experienced by a unit positive charge
placed at that point.

Direction of electric field

Principle of Superposition
 Electrostatics

Relation between electric force and electric field

Electrostatics

Electric field Intensity due to Ring Electric field due to Infinite sheet

Electric field Intensity due to Hollow Sphere Electric field Intensity due to Solid sphere
 Work done in electrostatic field

Electric Potential: Electric potential V at a point P in an electrostatic field is

defined as work done by the external force in bringing unit positive charge

Electrostatics slowly from infinity to the given point.

Potential energy of system

Equipotential surface: An equipotential surface is one where the potential is

same at every point on the surface.

Relation between E and V

Electric Dipole: Two equal and opposite charges separated by a small

distance is called electric dipole.
p = q(2a)

Electric field of a dipole

At equatorial point
Electrostatics

Electric flux: It is defined as the total number of electric field lines that penetrate a
given surface perpendicularly. ϕ = E.A

Gauss Law: Gauss law states that the flux through any closed surface is equal to the
total charge enclosed by the surface.

Energy of Capacitor Energy Density

Capacitors and Capacitance: Potential difference across capacitor

Capacitance

Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor:

If there is any dielectric medium in between the plates then capacitance

 Electrostatics

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