Thumbnail Slide

Thumbnail Slide
Promotion Slide
ELECTROSTATICS AND
CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Maha Revision : Physics: Electrostatics and Current electricity
JEE 2024
JEE 2023
ELECTROSTATICS
Electric Charges and field
➢ Electric charges: Conservation of charge.

➢ Coulomb's law forces between two point charges,
➢ forces between multiple charges: superposition
principle and continuous charge distribution.
➢ Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge,
➢ Electric field lines.
➢ Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole.
➢ Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
➢ Electric flux.
➢ Gauss's law and its applications
(i) field due to infinitely long uniformly charged
straight wire
(ii) uniformly charged infinite plane sheet,
(iii)uniformly charged thin spherical shell.
ELECTROSTATICS
Electrostatic potential and capacitance
➢ Electric potential and its calculation for a point

charge,
➢ Electric dipole and system of charges; potential
difference, Equipotential surfaces,
➢ Electrical potential energy of a system of two point
charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic
field.
➢ Conductors and insulators.
➢ Dielectrics and electric polarization,
➢ Capacitors and capacitances,
➢ Combination of capacitors in series and parallel,
➢ Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and
without dielectric medium between the plates.
➢ Energy stored in a capacitor.
CURRENT ELECTRICITY
➢ Electric current.
➢ Drift velocity, mobility, and their relation with electric
current.
➢ Ohm's law. Electrical resistance.
➢ V-l characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic
conductors. Electrical energy and power.
➢ Electrical resistivity and conductivity.
➢ Series and parallel combinations of resistors;
➢ Temperature dependence of resistance.
➢ Internal resistance, potential difference, and emf of a
cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel.
➢ Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications.
➢ Wheatstone bridge. Metre Bridge.
Electric Electric
field Electric charges and fields charge
Electric
Coulomb’s
Electric field at distance 𝑟 from a dipole
law
point charge 𝑄 is,
Electrostatic force between charge q1 and q2
Gauss
law
Coulomb's force in a medium
Line charge density

Electric field at a point on the Electric field at a point on the axial
equatorial line of electric dipole, line of electric dipole,
Surface charge density
Volume charge density

series combination of capacitors: Energy stored in a capacitor Electric potential due to a single point charge Q at a
of capacitor that is raised distance r from it
to a potential V is given by:
Parallel combination of capacitors: Electric potential at a point due to system of charges

The energy density:
Parallel Plate Capacitor capacitance with

1) Potential energy of a single charge air/vacuum between the plates:
in an external field Electrostatic Electric potential at a point is
with a dielectric of constant K between the
plates:
Potential defined as the amount of work
done by the external force in
1) Potential energy of a system of two and bringing a unit positive charge
from infinity to that point without
charges in an external field
Capacitance any acceleration.
Electric field intensity can be defined as the

1) Potential energy of an electric negative gradient of electric potential Electric potential at any point due to an electric dipole
dipole of moment p in external field
of strength E
Electric potential at a point on the axial line of electric dipole

Inside a conductor, electrostatic Electric potential at a point due to spherical shell
field is zero. 1. At a point outside sphere
Electric field at the

1. At a point on the surface of sphere as well
surface of a charged Electric potential at a point on the equatorial line of electric
as inside the shell
conductor: dipole
Relation between Terminal Voltage and Emf , E = V + ir
● Emf (ε) is the potential difference between
the positive and negative electrodes in an
open circuit. Cells in Series combination,
● Internal Resistance(r): The electrolyte
through which a current flows has a finite
resistance r, called the internal resistance.
● Terminal Voltage(V) is the potential Cells in Parallel Combination,
difference between the positive and negative
electrode when the circuit is closed.
Balanced condition of a wheatstone Current

● Kirchhoff’s Current Law(KCL): The sum of
the currents entering any junction must
equal the sum of the currents leaving that
Average current
junction.
● Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL):The algebraic
sum of all voltages within the loop must be
equal to zero
Current
Instantaneous current
Resistivity of a metallic conductors vary with
Electricity
temperature according to the empirical formula:
ρ2 = ρ1(1 + 𝛼ΔT) Relaxation time: The average time interval between two
𝜶 is the temperature coefficient of resistivity. successive collisions ( 𝝉) Voltage , V = Ri
𝜶 is positive for metals Drift Velocity: The average velocity with which the free
𝜶 is negative for semiconductors. electrons move in a current carrying conductor is called
Resistance,
𝜶 is very low for alloys. drift velocity
● Relation between current density and drift velocity
- Resistivity
j = nevd
● Resistivity ,
Current Density,
Electrical Energy, E = VIt
● Mobility,
Power, P = E/t = VI
Most Important Topics

❏ ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD
❏ ELECTRIC FLUX
❏ ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
❏ CAPACITANCE AND ENERGY OF A CAPACITOR
❏ COMBINATION OF RESISTORS
❏ ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND POWER
❏ MOVING COIL GALVANOMETER
❏ METER BRIDGE
Let’s understand Types and their Variations

Type 1 : ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD
Type 2 : ELECTRIC FLUX
Type 3 : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
Type 4 : CAPACITANCE AND ENERGY OF A CAPACITOR
Type 5 : COMBINATION OF RESISTORS
Type 6 : ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND POWER
Type 7 : METER BRIDGE
Write down all the types in your copy, we will discuss

each in Detail
Type 1 : ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD
JEE Main 2024
JEE Main 2023

ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD
COULOMB’S LAW
If two point charges q1, q2 are separated by a

distance r in vacuum, the magnitude of the force (F)
between them is given by
ELECTRIC FIELD
The electric field intensity at any point is defined

as the force experienced by a unit positive
charge placed at that point.
Electric field due to a system of charges

Electric field at a point due to a system of charges is the
vector sum of the electric fields at the point due to
individual charges.
ELECTRIC FIELD DUE TO DIPOLE

ALONG AXIAL LINE
ELECTRIC FIELD DUE TO DIPOLE ALONG

EQUATORIAL LINE
Question JEE Main 2024

1
A 5F
B 25F
C F/5
D F/25
JEE Main 2024
Question
1
JEE Main 2024
Question
1
JEE Main 2024
Question
1

1
A 5F
B 25F
C F/5
D F/25
Solution

2
D

2

2

2

2
D
Solution
3 Question JEE Main 2023
The electric field due to a short electric dipole at a large distance (r)
from center of dipole on the equatorial plane varies with distance as:
A 1/r2
B 1/r
C r
D 1/r3
A 1/r2
B 1/r
C r
D 1/r3
Solution
D



D
Solution
Type 2 : ELECTRIC FLUX
JEE Main 2024
JEE Main 2023

ELECTRIC FLUX
φ = ∫ E ⋅ dS
φ = ∫ E dS cosθ
Electric flux is the rate of flow of the electric field

through a given area & is proportional to the number of
electric field lines going through a virtual surface.
GAUSS’S LAW
Gauss’s theorem states that

the total electric flux through
a closed surface is equal to
1/ε0 times the total charge
enclosed by the surface.
φ = ∮ E ⋅ dS = q/ε0
The surface over which we calculate the flux is called

Gaussian surface.
Electric field due to infinitely long Electric field due to uniformly
charged wire : charged thin spherical shell :
1.OUTSIDE THE SHELL
Electric field due to uniformly

charged infinite plane sheet :
2.ON THE SURFACE OF THE SHELL
3.INSIDE THE SHELL

A 3:2
B 5:2
C 2:5
D 2:3



A 3:2
B 5:2
C 2:5
D 2:3
Solution
A 60
B 90
C 180
D 150



A 60
B 90
C 180
D 150
Solution
D



D
Solution
D



D
Solution
Type 3 : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
JEE Main 2024
JEE Main 2023

ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL DUE TO POINT CHARGE :
Electric potential at a point in a

electric field is the amount of
work done in bringing a unit
positive charge from infinity to
the point.
POTENTIAL DUE TO SYSTEM OF

CHARGES :
ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
DUE TO DIPOLE :
The electrostatic potential due to an electric dipole at a distance ‘r’

varies as:
D

varies as:

varies as:

varies as:

varies as:
D
Solution
D



D
Solution
A 0.9 cm
B 90 cm
C 3 cm
D 9 cm



A 0.9 cm
B 90 cm
C 3 cm
D 9 cm
Solution
Type 4 : CAPACITANCE AND ENERGY OF A CAPACITOR
JEE Main 2024
JEE Main 2023

CAPACITANCE
The potential difference, V between the two conductors is
proportional to the charge , Q.
Q∝V
Q=CV
C =Q/V
The constant C is called the capacitance of the capacitor.
C is independent of Q or V.
The capacitance C depends only on the geometrical

configuration (shape,size, separation) of the system of two
conductors .
CAPACITANCE
Q∝V
Q=CV
C =Q/V
Energy stored in a capacitor :

CAPACITORS IN SERIES
CAPACITORS IN PARALLEL
D



D
Solution
Solution



Correct Answer : 2
Solution
A 1:2
B 2:3
C 2:1
D 1:4



A 1:2
B 2:3
C 2:1
D 1:4
Solution
Type 5 : COMBINATION OF RESISTORS
JEE Main 2024
JEE Main 2023

COMBINATION OF RESISTORS
Ohm’s Law V∝I

V = RI
𝐑=𝐕/𝐈
Combination of cells
Series Parallel
For n cells in series,
εeq= ε1 + ε2+………+εn
req = r1 + r2+………..+rn
A potential divider circuit is shown in figure. The output voltage V0 is:
A 2 mV
B 4V
C 0.5 V
D 12 mV



A 2 mV
B 4V
C 0.5 V
D 12 mV
Solution
In the given circuit, the current in resistance R3 is:
A 2A
B 1.5 A
C 1A
D 2.5 A



A 2A
B 1.5 A
C 1A
D 2.5 A
Solution
A 1/25 R
B 1/5 R
C 25 R
D 5R



A 1/25 R
B 1/5 R
C 25 R
D 5R
Solution
Type 6 : ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND POWER
JEE Main 2024
JEE Main 2023

Electrical energy and Power

Q Question JEE Main 2024
A 26%
B 36%
C 46%
D 56%



A 26%
B 36%
C 46%
D 56%
Solution
A 1/2 W
B 4W
C 1/4 W
D 2W



A 1/2 W
B 4W
C 1/4 W
D 2W
Solution
Type 7 : METER BRIDGE
JEE Main 2024

METER BRIDGE
Unknown resistance R is
found in terms of the
standard known resistance
S as,
WHEATSTONE BRIDGE BALANCING CONDITION
METER BRIDGE
A 62.5
B 22.5 cm
C 20 cm
D 65 cm



A 62.5
B 22.5 cm
C 20 cm
D 65 cm
Solution
Solution
A 10 cm
B 80 cm
C 40 cm
D 20 cm



A 10 cm
B 80 cm
C 40 cm
D 20 cm
Solution
A 63
B 70
C 66
D 35



A 63
B 70
C 66
D 35
Solution
Homework Problems for Practice

Electrostatics and Current Electricity



CORRECT ANSWER :3 W
Solution
D



D
Solution
Solution
D



D
Solution
29 Question
29 Question
29 Question
29 Question
CORRECT ANSWER :27

Solution



CORRECT ANSWER : 8
Solution
D



D
Solution
Given below are two statements: One is labeled as Assertion A and the other
is labeled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Two metallic spheres are charged to the same potential. One of
them is hollow and another is solid, and both have the same radii. Solid
sphere will have lower charge than the hollow one.
Reason R : Capacitance of metallic spheres depend on the radii of spheres
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options
given below.
Both A and R. are true but R is not the correct

A explanation of A
Both A and R. are true and R is the correct
B explanation of A
C A is false but R. is true
D A is true but R. is false

given below.
given below.
given below.
given below.
Both A and R. are true but R is not the correct

A explanation of A
Both A and R. are true and R is the correct
B explanation of A
C A is false but R. is true
D A is true but R. is false

Solution
D



D
Solution
Given below are two statements.

Statement I: Electric potential is constant within and at the surface of each
conductor.
Statement II: Electric field just outside a charged conductor is perpendicular to
the surface of the conductor at every point.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from
the options given below.
A Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C Statement I is correct but Statement Il is incorrect
D Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct


conductor.

conductor.

conductor.

conductor.
A Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
B Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
C Statement I is correct but Statement Il is incorrect
D Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Solution
D



D
Solution
A 1:2
B 2:1
C 1:1
D 1:4



A 1:2
B 2:1
C 1:1
D 1:4
Solution
A 640 Ω
B 40 Ω
C 16 Ω
D 10 Ω



A 640 Ω
B 40 Ω
C 16 Ω
D 10 Ω
Solution
The current flowing through R2 is:
A 1/2 A
B 1/3 A
C 1/4 A
D 2/3 A



A 1/2 A
B 1/3 A
C 1/4 A
D 2/3 A
Solution
A 4:1
B 1:4
C 2:1
D 1:2



A 4:1
B 1:4
C 2:1
D 1:2
Solution
Solution
The equivalent resistance between A and B as shown in figure is:
A 30 kΩ
B 20 kΩ
C 5 kΩ
D 10 kΩ



A 30 kΩ
B 20 kΩ
C 5 kΩ
D 10 kΩ
Solution
Solution
Promotion Slide

Thumbnail Slide

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Thumbnail Slide

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Thumbnail Slide

➢ Electric charges: Conservation of charge.

➢ Electric potential and its calculation for a point

Electrostatic force between charge q1 and q2

Line charge density

Volume charge density

Parallel combination of capacitors: Electric potential at a point due to system of charges

Parallel Plate Capacitor capacitance with

Electric field intensity can be defined as the

Electric potential at a point on the axial line of electric dipole

Electric field at the

Balanced condition of a wheatstone Current

Most Important Topics

Let’s understand Types and their Variations

Type 1 : ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD

Type 2 : ELECTRIC FLUX

Type 3 : ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL

Type 4 : CAPACITANCE AND ENERGY OF A CAPACITOR

Type 5 : COMBINATION OF RESISTORS

Type 6 : ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND POWER

Type 7 : METER BRIDGE

Write down all the types in your copy, we will discuss

Type 1 : ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD

JEE Main 2024

JEE Main 2023

ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD

If two point charges q1, q2 are separated by a

ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD

The electric field intensity at any point is defined

Electric field due to a system of charges

ELECTROSTATIC FORCE AND FIELD

ELECTRIC FIELD DUE TO DIPOLE

ELECTRIC FIELD DUE TO DIPOLE ALONG

Question JEE Main 2024

Question JEE Main 2024

Question JEE Main 2024

Question JEE Main 2024

Question JEE Main 2024

Question JEE Main 2024

Question JEE Main 2024

3 Question JEE Main 2023

3 Question JEE Main 2023

3 Question JEE Main 2023

3 Question JEE Main 2023

3 Question JEE Main 2023

4 Question JEE Main 2023

4 Question JEE Main 2023

4 Question JEE Main 2023

4 Question JEE Main 2023

4 Question JEE Main 2023

Type 2 : ELECTRIC FLUX

JEE Main 2024

JEE Main 2023

Electric flux is the rate of flow of the electric field

Gauss’s theorem states that

The surface over which we calculate the flux is called

1.OUTSIDE THE SHELL

Electric field due to uniformly

2.ON THE SURFACE OF THE SHELL

3.INSIDE THE SHELL

5 Question JEE Main 2024

5 Question JEE Main 2024

5 Question JEE Main 2024