MARMARA UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2022-2023 FALL SEMESTER CHEM1007.4

HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT

Submitted to: Arş. Gör. Dr. ÖZLEM UĞUZ NELİ

Due Date :23.12.2022

Dept: ME Student Id: 150421044 Name Surname: EROL OKÇU

 LIST OF CONTENTS

RELATIONSHIP OF CHEMISTRY AND AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY .............................. 3

CHEMICALS USED IN MANUFACTURING IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AND

THEIR FUNCTIONS ................................................................................................................. 4

R&D STUDIES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ........................................................... 5

REFERANCES .......................................................................................................................... 6
 Chemistry is the science that studies and applies the structure, properties, combination,
interactions, and reactions of matter. The science of chemistry deals with the properties of
substances, their classification, atoms, atomic theory, chemical compounds, chemical
reactions, states of matter, intermolecular and molecular forces, chemical bonds, reaction
kinetics and principles of chemical equilibrium, and so on. Some disciplines that chemistry is
associated with are aerospace, automotive, biotechnology, composites, energy, ergonomics,
human health, manufacturing and additive manufacturing, mechanics, robotics. In this article,
the relationship of chemistry with the automotive sector, the chemicals used in the
manufacture of components in this sector and the roles of the chemicals used, and the use of
chemistry in R&D studies in the automotive sector will be discussed.

RELATIONSHIP OF CHEMISTRY AND AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

The automotive sector is generally defined as an industry branch that manufactures road
vehicles (passenger cars, buses, minibuses, minibuses, tow trucks, trucks, tractors, etc.) and
the parts used in the production of these vehicles. If we take the automobile as an example,
the battery that provides power to the parts that need electricity in an automobile is a product
of electrochemistry. Another example is the combustion reactions that take place in the
engine. Combustion of fuel in an engine is a chemical phenomenon. Paint, which is a
chemical product, is used to prevent the body of the vehicle produced in the automotive
industry from rusting and to have an aesthetic appearance. These dyes used are also produced
with the principles of chemistry. On the other hand, chemical gases are used to inflate the
airbag, which is one of the safety equipment of the vehicle. Antifreeze produced by chemists
is used for the liquids required in the vehicle's engine to freeze at lower temperatures and boil
later. In addition, the gases that can be used in the air conditioner are determined by the
science of chemistry. The batteries of electric cars, which we have seen frequently in traffic in
recent years, are also produced and developed using the science of chemistry. Chemistry is
also used in the production of dials and touch screens in automobiles.
CHEMICALS USED IN MANUFACTURING IN THE AUTOMOTIVE
INDUSTRY AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
Many chemicals are used in the manufacture of automobiles. These are iron and steel,
copper, lead, zinc, rubber and plastic, glass, aluminium and other metals. Some of the mines
needed for these metals are iron ore, copper ore, lead ore, zinc ore, crude oil, glass sand,
bauxite ore, etc. are ores. According to the metal types used in battery production, it is divided
into types such as lead acid, nickel cadmium, nickel metal hydride (NiMH), nickel iron and
lithium-ion. In addition to these, electrolyte, which is a mixture of H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) -
pure water, is also put into the battery. Automobile paint consists of a mixture of solid and
liquid substances. Chemicals used in paint production are grouped as follows: pigments,
binders, fillers, additives, solvents (solvents). The gas producing solid used in the production
of airbags is a mixture of NaN3, KNO3 and SiO2. N2 gas, which is formed as a result of
some reactions of these compounds, inflates the airbag. Antifreeze is a chemical substance
that is added to the radiator water at 0 degrees and below, preventing the water from freezing.
Antifreeze is mostly used in automobile engines. Ethylene glycol (ethanediol), an alcohol
derivative, is a good antifreeze. There are two different air conditioner models used in
automobiles. R22 is generally used as air conditioner in old model cars. R410 gas is used in
vehicles produced with newer and technological systems. Today, R410 gas is used in new
generation vehicles and all other air conditioners. Main battery chemicals commonly used in
electric vehicles; Pb-acid (Lead-Acid), NiCd (Nickel Cadmium), NiMH (Nickel Metal
Hydrate) and Li-ion (Lithium Ion) batteries. Compared to other battery technologies, lithium-
ion batteries are more preferred because they have significant advantages such as high energy
density, long life and no memory effect. When producing touch screens of automobiles,
aluminosilicate glass, which is a mixture of aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide, is used.
These glasses are placed in hot, molten salt during production. Thus, the smaller sodium ions
leave the glass, while the larger potassium ions replace them. In this way, the glasses become
more durable. A thin, transparent and conductive indium oxide layer is coated on the glass to
give the glass a tactile feature. In addition, many rare earth elements such as yttrium,
lanthanum, praseodymium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium are used in very
small amounts to create colours on touch screens. Elements such as lanthanum, cerium, and
praseodymium are used in the production of bright screens.
R&D STUDIES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
R&D; It is the use of knowledge consisting of human, cultural and social knowledge to
produce innovative works. The main purpose of R&D is to make a service or product the best
and quality before putting it on the market. Another goal of R&D is to increase the
profitability of the company. R&D studies are also carried out for the purpose of users getting
more efficiency from the product. Examples of R&D studies in the automotive sector are
increasing user comfort, protecting nature, saving materials, increasing efficiency, and
facilitating human life. Since chemistry explains the structure, properties and possible
reactions of the substances to be used, it has a great role in these R&D studies. We need the
science of chemistry in order to use the substance in the desired way in production.

As a result, chemistry is a science that is actively used in many parts of the automotive
industry. Chemistry ensures that the produced product is beneficial to humans, safer for
humans and more efficient. In a production where chemistry is not involved, there will be
many problems. Products produced without sufficient knowledge of chemistry and materials
can do more harm than good to people.
REFERANCES

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512j69i60l3.4378j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

 https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/assets/pdf/plan-
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 https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/sanayihavarehberi/icerikler/05_boya-uret-m--
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 http://bilsenbesergil.blogspot.com/p/blog-page_712.html?m=1

 https://tr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifriz

 https://bilimgenc.tubitak.gov.tr/makale/akilli-telefonlardaki-elementler

 https://www.avansas.com/blog/ar-ge-nedir-ar-ge-ne-demek