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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
413 views16 pagesChapter 14 Binomial Theorem
Uploaded by
floreCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
14.1 The Binomial Expansion of (1 + b)°
which contain two terms each, are called
=a) and (a + b) e
ying (1 + 5) by itself,
»). If we keep on multipl
(LY,
Expressions such as (x+y), (1
binomials, Let us take a binomial (I +
we get (1 +b). (1+ bY, + by’, (1 + bY
We know (+ by = +b) +4)
1+2+h
and (1 +b)
= (1+ b)\(1 + 2b +8)
=143b4304+5
Similarly, we may obtain, by long multiplication, expansions for (1 + b), ete. Is there a
pattern in such expansions? To answer this, we list the following expansions of (1 + 5)".
Number of terms
1
1+b
142648
143643045
1+ 4b + 6b? + 4b? + bt
5 1+ 5b + 10b? + 10? + Sb‘ + b°
Auauens
Based on the expansions above, we draw the following rules concerning the expansions
of (1 + by". ~
(a) There are (n + 1) terms.
(b) The power of b starts with 0 and increases to n, i. its powers are in ascending order.
For each of the above bi ema expansions, we list the coefficients, which are known
follows:
as binomial coefficients, as
314 Binomial Theorem
Scanned with CamScanner The array of numbers on page 314 forms the Paseal’s triangle, What do you observe
about it? Firstly, the ‘sides’ of the Pascal's triangle consist of *1's', Secondly, the numbers
‘inside’ the triangle are formed by adding the two numbers just above it as illustrated.
Once you have recognised the pattern formed by the numbers, you can deduce subsequent
rows of binomial coefficients. For example, the binomial coefficients in the next row
n= 6 are obtained as follows:
1+ 54104104 5 +I
1 6 15 20 15 6 1
~ (Lh +b)° = 1 + 6b + 15h? + 20b' + 15h" + 6b* + b°
However. there is an inherent weakness in this method. To find any binomial coefficient,
you need the two coefficients just above it. A more direct way to get any binomial
coefficient is to use the "C, notation introduced in Chapter 13.
For example, when n =4, there are Sterms: = T, Ts, Tx Ts
Their coefficients are: , 4 6 4 1
Using the "C, notation, they are: Come cay ene eh
Using this notation, the Pascal’s triangle becomes:
n=l "Cy 'C,
n=2 Cy C2
n Co) BCH °C, eCy
n 8Gy Cy AC, HC, 8
n=5 SCue OG 0 Gr nsCyun (Cannes
Thus, we can easily see that the coefficients of the 3rd and the Sth terms in the expansion
of (1 + b)* are C; and °C; respectively.
In the expansion of (1 + 5)", the coefficient of T,.1="C,.
Recall that "Co = 1, "C,= 1 and "C, may be evaluated using a calculator.
Hence the binomial expansion of (1 + b)", where n € Z*,
s given by:
(1+ by = 1+ "Cyd! + "Cab? + et "CDH a HY
This result is known as the Binomial Theorem,
ebmbose | Use the Binon
expansion of
(a) (1 =), (b) (1+ 29%.
TEC +p
jal Theorem to expand (1 + 6)’, Hence deduce the
+ SCib + SCab* + 8Cyb + SCyb* + 5CsbS
+ Sb + 10b? + 10b + Sb* + bS
Binomial Theorem 315
Scanned with CamScanner Gm
Gin
em
316 Binomial Theorem
fay (= by = [eC
, . :
= 14 Sb) + 10(-bY? + 10D)! + 5(-b)' + Cb)
5h + 106? = 10b" + Shé — b*
) Leth = 2s. ; Loos
(14 Qu) = 1+ 5Qx) + 10(2x)? + 10(2x)' + 5(2)' + (20)
= 14 10x + d0x? + 80x + BOx! + 32%
Note: The binomial expansion of (1 - b)" is the same as that of
(1 +b)" except that the coefficients have alternate + and
— signs.
Find, in ascending powers of x, the first 4 terms in the binomial
expansion of (a) (1 + 4x) (b) = 3x)’.
(a) (1+ 4x) = 1+ Six) + °C)? + CHAR) +
= 1 + 6(4x) + 15(16:°) + 20(64x) + ..-
= 14 24x + 240x7 + 12802" + ...
(b) (1-3) = 01+ 0?
= 1 1C\(-3x) + 7Cx(-3x)? + 7Cs(-3x)' +
= 1 + 7-32) + 219%) + 35(-278) +...
= 1-21x + 189x? — 945x° +...
Find the first 4 terms in the expansion of (1 + 2°)° in ascending
powers of x. Use your result to estimate the value of (1.01).
(1) = 1+ SCO?) + SCOP + §CVOPY +
= 1+ 8x7 + 28x4 + 56x" +...
Comparing (1.01) with (1 + x°)8, we note that:
142101 > x=40.1.
2 (L018 = [1 + O.1P]*
= 1 + 8(0.1)? + 28(0.1)* + 56(0.1)° + ...
= 1 + 0,08 + 0,002 8 + 0,000 056 +...
= 1.082 856
Note: To estimate (1.01)%, one could also use x = — 0.1.
Find, in ascending powers of x, the first 3 terms in the expansion
of (a) (1- 2x) (b) (1+ 3y)’,
ere find the expansion of (1 ~ 2x)°(1 + 3x)° up to the terms
in
(a) (1 = 20) = [1 + C2018
= 1+ SC\(-21) + $C-2)? +
= 1- 10x +4007 4...
Scanned with CamScanner (b) (1+ any? B+ C180) OBI) +
B14 27y + 3240? +o
= +30"
= (1 = 10x +400 +...) + 27 + 3240 # 2)
= (1+ 27x + 324x?) — 10x + 274) +400) +
= 1+ Ie + de +
.d of expanding from the first term, one can find a specific term using the following
In the expansion of (1 +5)", Tr41 = "Cb
12
Gs Find the terms in x? and 2° in the expansion of (1 - $) . Hence
12
find the coefficient of x° in the expansion of (3 + 2¢)(1- 4) -
a AG
© For( y=[p (- J vthe term inxvis Tear ="C(- 5) «
For x7, Ts= ne y i
}=6
For 3, Te= "C3(- 3) = 79
. G+2(1-F np +8
+ 3(- Bx*) + 2e( 3
:. coefficient of x is 48.
1. Expand each of the following:
(a) (1-20 (b) (1 + 3x) © (=a
2. Show that (I + ¥x)*—(1 - Vx)' = 10Ve + 20r¥x + 2x7 Vix. Hence deduce the
value of (1 + ¥2)°—(1 = ¥2¥%.
3. Find the first 4 terms, in ascending powers of x, in the following expansi
(@) +a)” (b) (i=)" ©) d=
(d) (1 + 2x” @ (i= 30" WO d+xy
ray*
@ (297 wy (1-42) @ (+3)
Binomial Theorem 317
Scanned with CamScanner 4
ll.
15.
16.
17.
#18.
- in the expansit 30)", Hene
Find, in ascenaling powers of x, the first 4 terms in the expansion of (1 + 3x)". Hence
deduce the first 4 terms in the expansion of sn
(a) (= 34)", (by #3)"
Obtain the first 4 terms in the expansion of (1+ 2x)’ in ascending powers of x, Use
°
this expansion to find an approximate value of (1.02)".
he expansion of
Find. in ascending powers of x the first 3 terms in the
(a) (+4, (b) (1 = 2x)".
4 1
Hence find the first 3 terms in the expansion of (1 + ays = 20"
Expand (1 = 6x)‘(1 + 24)’ in ascending powers of « up to and including the terms
in
8
Obtain the binomial expansion of (2 - (I + 4x) in ascending powers of x as far
as the term in x°, Use your result to estimate the value of 1.9 x (1.05)*.
Expand (1 + 2x)" (1 — 2x)" in ascending powers of x up to the term in. and use
this result to evaluate (1.02)*° — (0.98) to 3 significant figures.
In each of the following expansions, find the indicated term.
(a) (1 + 4x), Sth term (b) Gd — 2°), 8th term
(©) (1 = 2x)", middle term (d) (1+ 2x), term in x?
Find the coefficient of ° and of x° in the expansion of
(a) (1-30, @) (1+ 2x)", © (\-
In the expansion of (1 — 2x)" the coefficient of x° is k times the coefficient of x°.
Evaluate k. (Cc)
. (a) Find the ratio of the coefficients of the 4th and 6th terms in the expansion of
(1+20".
(b) The coefficient of x? is 69 in the expansion of (1 — ax), where a > 0. Find the
coefficient of x°.
Find the expansions of (1 ~ x)® and (1 + 2x)° as far as the terms in x°, Hence expand
(1 +x = 2x7)° up to the terms in.’
When (1 —x)(1 + ax) is expanded as far as the term in a’, the result is 1 + bx°, Find
the value of a and of b.
Find the coefficient of x” in the expansion of (1 - 3x)(1 + 2°)",
Hence find $ if
1-0) 40-2) + 6 =) <4 =x) 4,
If xis sufficiently small such that the terms in x* and higher powers of x may be
neglected, show that (1 +.x)°(1 = 4x) = 1 = Ly + 26,2.
( i . + 26x", Hence or otherwise, expand
the following up to the term in x2, otherwise, exp:
(a) (1-291 + 40)!
Expand (1 ~.9!
s
(b) (1+ = 29 + 20)!
318 Binomial Theorem
Scanned with CamScanner 14.2 The Binomial Expansion of (a + b)”
We shall now derive a more general form of the Binomial Theorem for the expansion of
(a+ bY’. where n isa positive integer:
(a+ by = (0 ‘ “J
safi+ra(4)+ oY + ro) + #1C(5)']
on
safle h Ok ++
@ @
(a +b)" =a"+"Cia"~'b + "Cra"~*b? + "Csa"~*b* +... +b"
Observe that the rule is similar to the expansion of (1 + b)" except that now we include
the powers of a, descending from n to 0. Observe further that in each term, the powers
of a and b always add up to n, the power of the binomial.
ekchetelol Expand (a + b)' and hence find the expansion of (2 + 3x)*.
ot (a+ bY =a) + 3Ca’b + °Crab? + b*
=a? + 3a’b + 3ab? + b*
Let a = 2 and b = 3x.
Then, (2 + 3x)’ = 2° + 3(2°)(3x) + 3(2)(3x)° + (3x)
= 8+ 36x + Sdx? + 27x"
Retolo 7 Find, in descending powers of a, the first 4 terms in the binomial
expansion of
(a) (2x- 3), (b) (« +
GE oes
- 2v4 (3
Qn) + SCy(W)(-3) + $CQWI(-3P + CM AWP(H3) +
3205 + S(160')(-3) + 108099 + LOE -27) +
2x5 — 240" + 720x° — LOB? +...
Binomial Theorem 319
Scanned with CamScanner Note: In (b), the third term, 15, is independent of x, i.c. the power
of vis 2¢r0.
y =p O6y + x +e find p. rand 5.
Given that iG = }
(o-f elec
= p'-3pix+ Epi t..
po-3pix+ Bpiv = r— 96x + sx
Finding a Specific Term
'C.a"~"B'.
In the expansion of (a +b)", Tr
Ge In each of the following expansions, find the indicated term,
(a) (2 + £)\ am term ) (2« -
nl
Qs wr ( + =) oe
2
The rea]
= 462025)(4)' oo"
" fl
, term in =
x
= 23x"
320 Binomial Theorem
Scanned with CamScanner (b) For (2x -
Power of x in Ty41
For sr (Le..1°"),
the term in 4 = Oy(20)r7)”
1760
x
1. Expand the following:
(a) G-2x) ) @+x © (2 -
2, Find, in ascending powers of x, the first 4 terms in the expansion of
(@) @+30% 0) (4 - ty, © (¢ - ax)
7
3, Obtain, in ascending powers of x, the first 4 terms in the expansion of e . 2) .
correct to 4 decimal places.
=8— be + Sbx- a
Hence find the value of (1,995)
4, Find the non-zero values of a and b for which (2x - a)"
owers of x, in the expansion of (I — 2x)’ and of
5. Find the first 3 terms, in ascending p*
up to the terms in x7,
(2 +.x)°. Hence expand (1 — 2x)9(2 + 0)
following expansions.
6. Find the indicated term in each of the
(b) (3x — 2), 4th term
(a) (2 +4)", 7th term
12
(©) (2x), Sth term @ (« + 5) , middle term
10
7. In the expansion of (° = 3) . find
(a) the term in x”, (b) the coefficient of i (©) the constant term.
:
Expand (4 - 22) upto te term in. the coeicint of x? in the expansion of
s
(+ ax+30(5- 2x) is, find she coeticient of
9. In the expansion of (1 + x)(a — bx)", where ab # 0, the coefficient of x* is zero.
Find in its simplest form the value of the ratio ee
Binomial Theorem 321
Scanned with CamScanner nt
"GC? Ha
tive integers”
ay + aC a
fa are in descending order w
der. The sum of the powers ofa
5 equal to 7. ‘
rhe Binomial Theorem for posi
(asay ears tc "b+ "Ca
‘There are 2 + 1 terms: ‘The Ee of
the powers of bare in ascending ord
ees pin each term of the expansion |S alway:
) Tae"
the above result, if a =
14 "Cb + "Cab +
ice the
Game ‘The third term of the binomial expansion of (1 + 4) is twit
fourth term. Calculate the value of n. Hence evaluate the middle
term of this expansion.
Gra For (1+ ty. ne a(t)
Given T,22xT
. n=8
Since n = 8, t
= 8, there aren + 1 = - :
the middle term = T, 9 terms in the expansion.
= \"
='c(3)
=
322 Binomial Theorem m
——d
Scanned with CamScanner Write down and simplify the expansion of (1 =p)". Use this result
to find the expansion of (1 = +.°)' in ascending powers of x as
far as the term in x", Find the value of x which would enable you
to estimate (1.11)° from this expansion.
(1 =p)’ = 1 = Sp + 1p? = 10p" + Sp* = p*
Comparing (1 = x +27)’ with (1 = py’:
l-p=l-x4x
Pp
x? into the expansion:
Substitute p =
(=x)
= 1 S(x— 37) + 10x
= 1 = 5x4 5x + 1007 - 2x +2')
XY = 10(e- P+.
1000 +...) toe
(ignoring powers higher than 3)
= 15x + 5x + 10x? = 20x' - 108° +...
= 1 = 5x + 15x? = 30x" +
- O11 =0.
Let | = x +27 = LIL. Therefore x7
(by quadratic formula)
=-O.1 or Ll
to estimate (1.11%, we use x = 0.1 so that higher powers of
x can be ignored.
Note: We cannot use x = 1.1, as higher powers of 1.1 cannot be
ignored.
Write down, in ascending powers of x, the first three terms in the
expansion of (2 + ax)’. Given that the first three terms in the
expansion of (b + 2x)(2 + ax) are 96 ~ 176x + cx", find the values
of a, b and c.
(2 4 ax) = 2 + °C.2'av) + SC2ary +
32 + B0ax + 80a°x* +
(b + 2xj(2 + ary’
= (b + 2x32 + 80ax
= 32h + 8aby + 80a, \
= 32b + (64 + 80ab)x + (80a7D + L60a)x? +...
=)
we have:
Comparing this result with 96 — 176. +
32b = 96 => b
64 + 80ab=-176 => 64 + 80a(3)
a
Binomial Theorem 323
Scanned with CamScanner ———————
and c= 800° + 1604
= g0(-1703) ~ 160
= 80
a = 80
b= sande
in ascending powers of x.
1 of (1-3) Ct
rms in the expansion of
in the expansior
the first four te!
‘ind the first four terms i
therwise, find
Using this expansion, oF 0
e& Use a graph plotter to obtain the graphs of
ye (i+ 2" \
2+ 64x" + 16x"
Bx + 24x° + 64x + LOx'.
and y= 1+ 8x + 24x or
Deduce from the graphs whether (I+ 28) +
Given that the binomial expansion of (I + ont = (1 = 2x)" = ax + bx’, Find the
values of a and b.
3. Expand (2 + sy in ascending powers of x up fo the term in 3°. Hence find an
a
approximate value of (1.997 5)
expansion of
12
2
m (3)
rst four terms in the expansion of
(b) (1 - 4x).
nt of x? in the expansion of (1 + 3x)
4. Find the coefficient of x° in the
‘
x
@ (1+3):
5, Find, in ascending powers of x, the fi
(@) (1+ 30%
Hence find the coefficies
Find the term in x° in the expansion of (1 + 5x)"(1- 20%
‘
ion of (# a 2) in descending powers of
a - 40%.
7. Find the first 4 terms in the expans
Hence find the coefficient of x” in the expansion of (x* + p(s = 2y.
x
Write down and simplify the expansion of (1 + p)*. Use this result to find the
expansion of (1 +x + 2°)! in ascending powers of x as far as the term in x’, Hence
evaluate (1.11)* to 3 significant figures.
6 °
Yin ascending
9, Expand (2 ~p)', Use this result to find the expansion of (2
powers of x as far as the term in 2°,
10, Write down, and simp! he first three terms of sion, in a
. Ys a
the expansion,
w (1+ 3), ) Q-ay%
scending
324 Binomial Theorem
Scanned with CamScanner We
12.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19,
20.
21,
22,
Hence. or otherwise, obtain the coefficient of x? in the expansion of
wt)
2 Ww 7
e 4 - ) 5 (Cc)
Given that the coefficient of x° in the expansion of (a +x)’ + (I = 2x)" is ~120,
calculate the possible values of a, (c)
In the expansion of (2 + 31)", the coefficients of x and x" are in the ratio 8 : 15.
Find the value of n,
Given that the coefficients of x and .2 in the expansion of (1 + ax)"(2 + bx)’ are
=112 and 80 respectively, find the integer values of a and b.
Write down and simplify the first four terms in the expansion, in ascending powers
of x, of (2 + 3x). Use this expansion to
(a) estimate the value of (2.03),
(b) obtain the expansion of (2 —.x + 3x°)(2 + 3x)’ in ascending powers of x up to
the term in x.
Find the coefficient of x* and of x* in the binomial expansion of (1+
Hence find the coefficient of 2° in the expansion of (21° + 3)(1 +
A
Find in terms of a, the coefficient of in the expansion of (
(a) Evaluate the coefficient of 2° in the expansion of (1 + 203 +2)".
(b) Evaluate the coefficient of 2° in the expansion of (e :
(c) The first three terms in the binomial expansion of (a + 6)", in ascendit
powers of b, are denoted by p,q and r respectively. Show that = —-.
Given that p = 4, q = 32 and r= 96, evaluate n, (c)
Obtain the binomial expansion of (2 + ¥3)* in the form a + b3, where a and b
are integers. State the corresponding result for the expansion of (2 - ¥3)* and show
that (2 - ¥3)° is the reciprocal of (2 + 3).
Write down the third and fourth terms in the expansion of (a + bx)", If these terms
are equal, show that 3a = (n ~ 2)bx,
When (1 + ax)" is expanded in ascending powers of x, the series expansion is
A+ By + Cx + 1x +... Find the values of a, A, Band C,
1 - 12x + 63
Given that (1 + ax)" tes find @ and ny
Binomial Theorem 325
Scanned with CamScanner 23.
In the expansion of (2 + vy"
(tax + vy = b+ 8+ 320 +
Find the term independent of .« in the exp:
. Read the following a
root slightly greater than 1. By
ers of h, find a closer
Given that the equation 28x" - 30e4 = 15 0 ims oo
substiting 4 = 1 + Aad negtecting and higher pow
approximation to this root.
n .
1+ 2) | find the coefficient of x”,
find a and b.
y.
explain why the coefficient of 6’ in the binomial
ansion of ( tat
rgument 10
expansion of (1+ b)* is “Cx
(1 by = (1+ BML BML + BYCL + PMT +b)
wwe need to get ab from 3 of the brackets and a | from the
To obtain ab" term,
his can be done is shown below:
other 2 brackets. One way U
(+ bl + bY + byl + b)(1 + 4)
pid
bx 1 xbx bx tab
the b's can be chosen from the 3 brackets in °C; ways and the 1's come from the
remaining brackets.
It follows that there are °C; terms of the form }, that is the coefficient of b° is °C.
Use a similar argument to explain why:
(a) (Leb) aL ECD HCD "CD + on EC Dt HB
(b) (a+ by =a" + "Ca" 'b + "Ca" *b + "Ca We tC bt tO
326 Binomial Theorem
Scanned with CamScanner 1.
|. OAB is
. Sketch, on the same diagram, the graphs of y
. Find the number of ways
. With the help of an equilateral triangle,
‘ctor of a circle, centre O and radi
such that AC = 3 cm. If AOB = 1.2 radians, calculate
(a) the length of are AB,
(b) the area of sector AOB, %
(c)_ the area of the shaded region.
”
Pon
B
. Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation
(a) tan (x + 45°) = 1, (b) sec 2y = -2, (©) 2 cos z cot z = 3.
sin x +1 and y = 3 cos 2x for the
interval 0° < x < 360°. Hence state for this interval the number of solutions of the
equation
(a) 2sinx+1=3 cos 2x,
(b) [2 sin. x + 1] =3 cos 2x,
(©) [2 sin x + 1| = 3|cos 2x).
|. (a) Without using a calculator, evaluate sin 225° and tan (-240°).
(b) Given that A is acute and cos ‘A =c, express sin A and cot A in terms of c.
CCAs: Choir, Band, Drama Club, Badminton
Sophia is interested in the following
ff them. In how many
and Tennis. However she feels that she has time only for 3 of
ways can she decide on her 3 CCAs?
Having decided on her CCAs, she wants to run
of these 3 CCAs. How many choices are open to her?
4 boys and 5 girls can be arranged in a row if
(a) there are no restrictions,
(b) a particular boy and a particular girl must be next to each other,
(c)_ two particular boys must not be next to each other,
for Secretary or Treasurer in each
(d) the first and last persons are of the same sex.
‘Write down the first three terms,
(1 = 2x)*. Hence find the coefficient of
in ascending powers of x of the expansion
‘in the expansion (3 + x)°(1 - 2x)*.
cos x cot x.
0° < x < 360° and state
(a) Prove the identity (1 — sin x)(1 + cosec x)
(b) Sketch the graph of y = 2 +3 cos x for the interval
the corresponding range of y.
prove that sin = 3 eae Hence find the
exact value of sin =.
Find all the angles between 0° and 360° inclusive which satisfy the equation
(ay 380% =24sin x, (b) cot (2y - 60°) = 1 - tan 65°,
= sin
(© 9 sin? z- tan? z= 0, (@) 2%cos x +5 sin x) =3 sin x.
Revision Exercise 327
Scanned with CamScanner ——eeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeeeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeE__—‘(<;;P”"’”
AB, CD are arcs of
4. The diagram shows to ser” Dar ‘cp have lengths
concenttie circles, centre O. The ares 43 MNO A teutate a -
TOS em and 15,6 em respectively. AD oa z
| (a) AOB in radians, my 2
| (b) the area of the shaded region ABCD.
| Cc and 4 women. . f,
ere are 6 men and | d from 5 of
. ty Find the number of possible committees which can be formed from 5 of these
people. i which can be formed by 5 of them.
(b) Find the number of possible queues
(©) Find the number of possible groups
3 men,
2
i 2
Find the term in x7 in the expansion of (x + 2) .
si i s of x, in the binomial
ive at the first three terms, In ascending powers of x,
ee a of (3 rf ax)’ are 243 — 810x + bx’, find the value of @ and of b.
7. Write down and simplify the expansion of (2 — p)’. Use this result to find the
4
expansion of (2 +4n- x) in ascending powers of x as far as the term in x,
{4 if the groups must consist of at most
6. (a)
Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation
(a) ¥2 sin 2x +1 =0, (b) sec? y - tan y = 3,
© [3 sin z - cos ¢|
sin z.
tam -
2. Sketch, on the same diagram, the graphs of y = 3 cos x + I andy
for the interval 0 < x < 2n. Hence state the number of roots in this interval of the
equation 6 cos x + 4 = (x- 1).
P
3. (a) Prove the identity Sop eeene = 2-cosec 6.
(b) If a cos 6 +b sin? @ = c, show that tan? @= “=,
cn-b
4. The perimeter and area of the triangle ABC c
are P cm and Q cm’ respectively.
(a) Show that Q = 32 sin @ cos 6.
(b) Express P in terms of 6,
(©) Given that (P ~ 8)? = 40 + 80 cos 6, find A z a
om
the value of @, where 0 << @< %.
2 A
5. Two sticks, AC and BD are each 60 en
. are ea m long and both are us
10 form the framework of kite. BD is bent in the shape of an B »
are of a circle with centre C. If BC = 40 em, find
(a) BCD in radians, (b) the area of the shaded region.
328 Revision Exercise
Scanned with CamScanner 6. (a) Find, in ascending powers of x, the first three terms in the expat
(2 = 34)’. Use the expansion to find the value of (1.997)’, correct to the neare
whole number.
(b) Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (2° = +) .
x
7. How many 4-figure numbers can be formed from the digits 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 9 if
cach digit is used only once? How many of these numbers are
{a) even? (b)_ less than 60007
1, Four letters are to be chosen from the letters in the word PROJECTS. Find the
number of choices. How many of these choices contain
(a) the letter J, (b) no vowels, (©) at least one vowel?
How many 5-letter code words can be formed from the given 8 letters?
2. A cultural event is to showcase 2 song items, 2 plays and 4 dance items. Find the
number of possible arrangements.
Find the number of arrangements
(a) which begin with a song item,
(b) in which the 2 plays are not consecutive,
(©) in which the 4 dance items are separated.
3. (a) Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation
(i) cot (2x — 40°) = -0.7, (ii) 8 cos y = 1 + tan’ y.
(b) Find the values of x, where 0
