Model Answer: History and Theory of Architecture 3

‫اﻟﻤﻌﮭﺪ اﻟﻜﻨﺪي اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿﺎ‬
‫اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﺔ و اﻹدارة – اﻟﺘﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬

History and Theory of Architecture 3
Mid-Term Exam Course Code: ARC 223
Semester: ONE- 2022/2023 No. of Pages: 8
Department: Architecture No. of Questions: 40
Instructor Name: Dr. Dina El Kordy Total Marks: 10
Exam Date: 22/ 11/ 2022 Exam Period 1.5 Hrs.
Model Answer
Note: Model answer is shaded in gray
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the world before the advent Marks
of Islam? [1/4]
A) The world was at a state of ‘Jahiliyyah’ where moral corruption influenced life’s aspects.
B) The world was civilized as evident by the existence of empires and monarchies at that time around the
world.
C) The world was not quite civilized nor uncivilized.
D) None of the above
2. There is a debate initiated in some Western literature against the Marks

influence of Islam over urban planning and architecture, what is [1/4]
one of their reasons?
A) There was evident influence of Islam over communities’ decisions which caused a change in
urban planning.
B) The Muslims did NOT have contributions in any science.
C) The Muslims did NOT increase urban development.
D) None of the above.
3. What was the main aim of the superpowers existing in the world Marks
before Islam? [1/4]
A) Spreading peace and morals.
B) Hegemony over the known world’s resources and wealth.
C) Causing wars for no reason.
4. Before Islam, the Arabian Peninsula hosted many religious beliefs, Marks
how was the Arabs in the Arabian Peninsula in terms of unity? [1/4]
A) United and harmonious in spite of their differences.
B) They were capable of making good political constitutions that promote peace.
C) Disunited and living in ideological conflict.
5. Stephano Bianca stated that ‘there is a close interaction between Marks

what people BUILD and what they …’ [1/4]
A) Eat.
B) Believe.
C) Enjoy.
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Course Name
(Mid-Term / Final-Term) Exam Course Code: ………………
Semester: ……… - 20../20.. No. of Pages: ………..
Department: …………………. No. of Questions: ………..
Instructor Name: …………………........... Total Marks: ………
Exam Date: … / … / 20.. Exam Period ... Hrs.
Model Answer
6. How to identify an Islamic city? Marks

[1/4]
A) An Islamic city aims to satisfy the requirements of a practicing, Muslim community to fulfill all
Islamic teachings and morals.
B) An Islamic city only aims to provide mosques for Muslims to pray.
C) An Islamic city only aims to provide narrow alleys and cul-de-sacs for security.
7. What is one of the differences between Roman law and Shari’a Marks
law? [1/4]
A) Roman law aims to provide a human conduct system based on morals.
B) Shari’a law aims to provide a human conduct system based on morals.
C) Shari’a law is based on secular prescriptions
8. Where does the shared values and practice of Muslim Marks

communities, that include shaping their built environment, [1/4]
emanate from?
A) Ancient Greek philosophy.
B) The Qur’an and Sunnah (tradition of the Prophet PBUH).
C) Asian philosophies.
9. Which of type of structure did NOT develop in Islamic cities Marks

because Islamic societies minimized the need for external control? [1/4]
A) Medical structures.
B) Administrative structures.
C) Commercial structures.
10. Which of the following is NOT one of Islamic architecture and Marks
urban planning’s main principles: [1/4]
A) Maintaining a gridded-streets urban planning.
B) Prohibiting harm.
C) Interdependence.
11. Due to continuous warring amongst Arab tribes in Yathrib, what Marks
was one type of buildings that residents used at times of war for [1/4]
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Course Name
Model Answer
residency?
A) Houses.
B) Tents.
C) Blockhouses.
12. Marks
In the middle of the first Islamic city, what did the Prophet PBUH build first?
[1/4]
A) A palace.
B) A blockhouse.
C) A mosque (masjid).
D) A workshop.
13. Marks
Which of the following is true about the functions of a mosque? [1/4]
A) It performs many functions of which is helping the poor and treating patients.
B) It is only for praying and education.
C) It is only for education and helping the poor.
14. Marks
When Al-Fustat was first established by A’mr Ibn Al-A’s, how
was its demographic constitution? [1/4]
A) It only contained Arabs.

B) It contained Arabs, Egyptians, and minorities e.g., Romans.
C) It only contained Egyptians.
15. Marks
What was the building materials used in the establishment of Al-
Fustat? [1/4]
A) Environmental materials that include mud bricks.
B) Concrete which they learnt how to make from the Romans.
C) Marble and gold.
16. Marks
The first public bath in Al-Fustat was built during … [1/4]
A) The Abbasid era.
B) The U’baydid / Fatimid era.
C) The righteous caliphs era.
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Course Name
Model Answer
17. Marks
What was the building material used in the establishment of A’mr
Ibn Al-A’s mosque and were was its location in Al-Fustat? [1/4]
A) It was made with thick-walled bricks and vaults located at the north of Al-Fustat.
B) It was a high building built with concrete and stones and located at the south of Al-Fustat.
C) It was built with a low shed of wood and palm leaves, resembling the Prophet’s PBUH mosque, in the
middle of Al-Fustat.
18. Which of the following cities was the capital of the Islamic world Marks
during the Umayyad rule in the Middle East? [1/4]
A) Damascus.
B) Cairo.
C) Baghdad.
D) Cordoba.
19.What was the urban planning of Damascus before the advent of Marks
Islam? [1/4]
A) Greco-Roman gridded planning.
B) Organic urban planning, inspired by Islamic urban planning.
C) Garden city urban planning.
20. Knowing that Damascus was a previously established city at the Marks
time of Muslims’ arrival, how did the Muslims build a mosque? [1/4]
A) The Muslims confiscated land and established a separate mosque on that land.
B) They shared an old abandoned temple which the Christians, transformed into a church named St. John
the Baptist.
C) They did NOT establish a mosque until their rule was settled.
21.For how long did Muslims and Christians share St. John church? Marks
[1/4]
A) 50 years.
B) 30 years.
C) 10 years.
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Course Name
Model Answer
22. What did the Umayyads bring to architecture and urban Marks
planning of the Islamic city? [1/4]
A) They allowed the building of palaces and castles.

B) They have NOT made any additions to the Islamic city.
C) They brought in the idea of a grand portal in the mosque dedicated for the entry of the caliph.
23. What has changed in Al-Fustat during the Umayyad rule? Marks
[1/4]
A) The Umayyad Caliph, A’bdel A’ziz Ibn Marawān, established a large governance residence, and
multiple story building was permitted.
B) Nothing has changed in Al-Fustat’s architecture and urban planning.
C) Ahmad Ibn Tulun established a mosque with a twisted, malweyyah, minaret.
24. Marks
Where did the Umayyad princes build their palaces? [1/4]
A) Outside of the city.
B) In the middle of the city.
C) In different regions of the city.
25. Marks
How did the Abbasids initiate the outthrow of the Umayyads’ rule? [1/4]
A) Through military action.
B) Through Propaganda.
C) The Abbasids did nothing.
26. Marks
Which city was the first capital of the Abbasids? [1/4]
A) Baghdad.
B) Samarra.
C) Kufa.
D) Al-Basra.
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Course Name
Model Answer
27. Marks
What was the pre-planned city of Baghdad shape? [1/4]
A) Circular.
B) Squared.
C) Organic.
28. Marks
Which were the city elements placed in the middle of Baghdad? [1/4]
A) The mosque.
B) The caliph’s palace.
C) The mosque and the palace.
29. What was the urban planning challenge that Baghdad faced? Marks
[1/4]
A) The limitedness of the space.
B) The narrowness of the streets.
C) The pollution in the environment.
30. Which of the following is true about the building materials used Marks
by the Umayyads and the Abbasids? [1/4]
A) The Abbasids adopted stone traditions in building and the Umayyads adopted the mud and baked brick
construction.
B) The Umayyads adopted stone traditions in building and the Abbasids adopted the mud and baked brick
construction.
C) In both eras, building construction was using stone.
31. Which of the following cities was the first built by the Abbasids in Marks
Egypt? [1/4]
A) Al Qatta-e’.
B) Cairo.
C) Al A’skar.
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Course Name
Model Answer
32. Marks
What was the objective of Ismaili thought which was at the
foundation of Fatimid / U’baydid rule? [1/4]
A) To create a relation between Asian philosophy and religion.
B) To create a bridge between Hellenic philosophy and religion.
C) To create a bridge between politics and economy.
33. Marks
Which of the following was the first U’baydid / Fatimid capital in
North Africa? [1/4]
A) Mahdia.
B) Cairo.
C) Alexandria.
34. What was the main characteristic of Mahdia city? Marks

[1/4]
A) It was a city of refuge.
B) It was a typical colony.
C) It was a Roman city.
35. Which of the following architectural features were considered a Marks

major turning point in the architecture of Islamic cities? [1/4]
A) The appearance of environmentally friendly design concepts.
B) Adding water tanks to the mosque.
C) Dedicating a large portal, reserved for the caliph and his entourage in Mahdia Mosque.
36. Where was the caliphal palace and Al-Azhar’s Mosque location in Marks
Cairo? [1/4]
A) The caliph’s palace in the center of the city and Al-Azhar Mosque was placed farther from the center.
B) Both were at the center.
C) There was no caliphal palace in Cairo.
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Course Name
Model Answer
37. Marks
Cairo was considered … [1/4]
A) A normal Islamic city that went under the same Islamic urban development progress.
B) A private, palatial compound serving a small elite population from which a colonial or imperial
rule was exercised over the local population.
C) An ancient Greek city.
38. Which architectural style did Al-Azhar Mosque adopt? Marks

[1/4]
A) Moorish architecture.
B) Gothic architecture.
C) Ottoman architecture.
39. How did the Ismaili Shi’ites insert text in the public sphere to Marks
communicate with their followers? [1/4]
A) By inserting co-centric writing signs with certain meanings in buildings and coins.
B) The Ismaili Shi’ite had political clarity and did not insert messages with hidden meanings in the public
sphere to their followers.
C) By using a variety of symbols inserted in stalactites.
40. Marks
Which of the following mosques is NOT an U’baydid / Fatimid
mosque? [1/4]
A) Al-Azhar.
B) Ahmad Ibn Tulun.
C) Al-Aqmar.
D) Al-Hussein.
Good Luck
Examination Committee:
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‫اﻟﻤﻌﮭﺪ اﻟﻜﻨﺪي اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿﺎ‬

‫اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﺔ و اﻹدارة – اﻟﺘﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬

2. There is a debate initiated in some Western literature against the Marks

5. Stephano Bianca stated that ‘there is a close interaction between Marks

6. How to identify an Islamic city? Marks

8. Where does the shared values and practice of Muslim Marks

9. Which of type of structure did NOT develop in Islamic cities Marks

A) It only contained Arabs.

A) They allowed the building of palaces and castles.

34. What was the main characteristic of Mahdia city? Marks

35. Which of the following architectural features were considered a Marks

38. Which architectural style did Al-Azhar Mosque adopt? Marks

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