Muneeb Muhammed Ali

IV BDS
Introduction:-

A dental varnish is a coating liquid for teeth,

which is applied in thin layers and converted
to a consistent, solid film by chemical or
physical processes

In dentistry, only water- or solvent-based liquid

systems are used, as they enable simple, quick
and reliable application on the surfaces to be
treated.
Basic requirements:-
It should be Homogeneous quality

Release of active substances

Patient comfort

Easy, safe application

Biocompatibility

Good storage stability

The main tasks of dental varnishes are:-
1.Protection of the teeth from caries:-
To protect the teeth from caries through the release of
active substances fluoride or antimicrobial
substances are used. Fluoride reduces the
demineralization of dental enamel and antimicrobial
substances combat cariogenic bacteria.

2.Enhancing the esthetics of the tooth shade

Varnishes that contain bleaching agents are applied to
remove discolorations or to whiten the teeth
3.Desensitization of sensitive tooth necks

Desensitizing sensitive tooth necks can be achieved via

the creation of a mechanical block, i.e. a physical layer
covering exposed dentin tubule. This prevents or
minimizes any conduction of pain stimuli into the tubule
via effectively sealing them. A sustainable seal below the
tooth surface istherefore ideal.
Types:-

varnishes

varnishes

varnishes
Based on Curing:-

Physically cured varnishes

Chemically cured varnishes

 Fluoride varnish

Flouride Varnish was first developed in

europe by Schmidt in 1964

Fluoride Varnish is a protective coating that is

painted on a teeth to prevent CAVITIES

A fluoride varnish should provide protection

from demineralization or erosion
Indication:-
For moderate-high caries risk patients

As a primary preventive measure

As a treatment for hypersensitive teeth

To decrease post operative sensitivity

Used as a cavity liner

Types:-
1.Duraphat
First Fluoride varnish developed in Germany

Yellow viscous material containing 22,600 ppm fluoride as

sodium fluoride in a neutral colophonium base (NaF
Contains 2.2%fluoride)

Duraphat has shown caries reduction of between 30-40% in

permanent dentition and 7-44% in the primary dentition

2.Carex:-
Contains a lower fluoride concentration than Duraphat
(1.8% flouride) and has efficacy equivalent to that of
duraphat as a caries preventive agent
3.Fluorprotector
Clear polyurethane based product containing 7000 ppm fluoride
(Silane flouride with 0.7%F in polyurethane base)

It has a range of efficacy between 1% and 17% but its clinical

effectiveness is questionable

4.Duraflour:-
5% NaF in alcoholic suspension of natural resins
Techniques of Varnish Application
Oral prophylaxis

Teeth are dried,but not isolate with

cotton rolls

A total of 0.3-0.5 ml of varnish

equivalent to 6.9-11.5 mg F is
required to cover full dentition

Application is done using single

tufted small brush starting with
proximal surfaces
 After application patient is made
to sit with the mouth open for 4
minutes before spitting to let
Duraphet set on teeth

Patient is asked not to rinse or

drink anything at all for one hour
and not to eat anything solid but
take liquids and semisolids only till
the next morning so that contact
between varnish and tooth surface
for about 18 hours maintained for
prolonged interaction between
fluoride and enamel
Advantages of fluoride varnish over
professionally used fluorides

Easy to use and fast to apply

Gels and foams require the use of suction , air drying the
teeth , trays that may trigger gag reflexes

Safe and posses less risk of adverse reaction beacause only

small amount is used

It does not require the use of dental equipment or

instruments
Disadvantages:-

Yellowish discoloration of teeth gradually fades

Undesirable taste in mouth after application

 DURAFLOR HALO
One of the recent varnish that have been
introduced in the market

They have couple of advantage over other

varnish

1. No Discoloration (Esthetically pleasing)

2. No bad taste (Comes in flavours mint and

berry)

3. More acceptable by children thus fits with

any age
Antimicrobial varnishes
An antimicrobial protective varnish can reduce the
bacteria and help shift the bacterial balance to a
healthier level

By reducing the bacterial count, an antimicrobial

varnish can also minimize other problems caused by
bacteria, such as inflammation of the gingiva

Chlorhexidine thymol varnish is commonly used

antimicrobial varnish.it has antimicrobial activity
against all gram positive and gram negative
microorganisms
Desensitizing varnishes

Type of varnish indicated for the

treatment of dentinal sensitivity

Contraindicated in ulcerative gingivitis

and stomatitis
Tooth whitening varnishes
A tooth whitening varnish contains an
oxidant, usually a peroxide, which diffuses
into the tooth after the application of the
varnish

Peroxide is unstable in the oral cavity. Their

decomposition produces oxygen, which
converts stains and discolouration into
colourless compounds

the varnish contains no or very little of the

active substance, thus there is no added
benefit to the varnish remaining on the tooth,
and it should be easily removed
Clinical Studies:
Treatment of hypersensitive tooth necks

Title: Evaluation of a fluoride varnish for the treatment of dentine

hypersensitivity

Location: Lund University, Sweden

Time: 1990

Authors: B. Collaert, G. Söderholm, G. Bratthall, H. de Bruyn

The study included 15 patients, who had suffered from dentin

hypersensitivity for an average of more than 6.5 years. Sensitivity to blown
air or scratching on the tooth surface was determined at the beginning of the
study as well as after 1 and 4 weeks. Furthermore, the patients reported and
rated their sensitivity to temperature and tooth brushing. A placebo solution
was applied at baseline 0; at baseline 1 and after one week, Fluor Protector
was administered.
Results: In week 4, the sensitivity to all stimuli (blown
air, scratching, temperature) was significantly reduced
Eleven patients felt a clear reduction in symptoms after
treatment with Fluor Protector, such that they were no
longer affected by their hypersensitive teeth during
eating/drinking or tooth brushing. The remaining 4
patients still considered their hypersensitivity to be too
severe. These four patients all suffered from
hypersensitivity of all teeth

Fluor Protector reduces dentin hypersensitivity, even if

it has persisted for years
Bibliography:-

Article on Dental Varnish Systems in Focus by Dr Thomas

Hirt Dr Thorsten Bock Carlo Bolis Dr Kathrin Fischer
(February 2016)

Essentials of Preventive and Community Dentistry 4th

edition by Soben Peter

Fluoride Varnish in the Prevention of Dental Caries in

Children and Adolescents:A Systematic Review By Amir
Azarpazhooh Patricia A. Main
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