Types Of Breech Presentation

 Complete breech is characterized by flexion of the

legs at both hips and knee joints, so the legs are

bent underneath the baby.

 Frank breech is the commonest type of breech

presentation, both the baby's legs point straight upwards.

 Footling breech is when one or both

legs are extended at the hip and knee

joint and the baby presents 'foot first'.

Risk Of Breech Presentation

• The fetal head gets stuck (arrested) before delivery
• Labor becomes obstructed when the fetus is
disproportionately large for the size of the maternal pelvis
• Cord prolapse may occur, i.e. the umbilical cord is pushed
out ahead of the baby and may get compressed against
the wall of the cervix or vagina
• Premature separation of the placenta (placental abruption)
• Birth injury to the baby, eg, fracture of the arms or
legs, nerve damage, trauma to the internal organs,
spinal cord damage, etc.
• A breech birth may also result in trauma to the
mother's birth canal or external genitalia through
being overstretched by the poorly fitting fetal parts.
Planning/Implementation
• Use measures to promote comfort
• Monitor the FHR in upper quadrants