Types of Transformers

1. Power Transformers:

 Distribution Transformers: These transformers are used to step down high-

voltage electricity from the transmission lines to lower voltages suitable for
distribution to homes, businesses, and industrial facilities. They typically operate
at high efficiency and are designed for continuous operation.

 Power Transformers: Power transformers are used in electrical power

generation, transmission, and distribution systems to step up or step down
voltage levels as needed. They are often large, high-power transformers
designed for heavy-duty industrial applications.

2. Instrument Transformers:

 Current Transformers (CTs): Current transformers are used to step down high
currents in power systems to levels suitable for measurement and protection
equipment. They provide accurate current measurements for metering,
monitoring, and relay protection purposes.

 Voltage Transformers (VTs) or Potential Transformers (PTs): Voltage

transformers are used to step down high voltages in power systems to levels
suitable for measurement and protection equipment. They provide accurate
voltage measurements for metering, monitoring, and relay protection purposes.

3. Isolation Transformers:

 Isolation transformers are used to provide electrical isolation between two

circuits while maintaining the same voltage levels. They are commonly used to
isolate sensitive equipment from power line noise, ground loops, and other
electrical disturbances. Isolation transformers are also used for safety purposes
to isolate equipment from the power source.

4. Auto-Transformers:

 Auto-transformers are transformers with a single winding that serves as both

the primary and secondary winding. They are used to step up or step down
voltage levels more efficiently than conventional transformers, as they share
part of the winding between the input and output circuits. Auto-transformers are
often used in applications where space and cost savings are important.

5. Phase-Shifting Transformers:
  Phase-shifting transformers are used to adjust the phase angle between two or
more AC power lines. They are commonly used in power transmission systems
to control power flow, voltage regulation, and improve system stability. Phase-
shifting transformers can be designed with fixed or variable phase shift
capabilities.

6. Resonant Transformers:

 Resonant transformers are designed to operate at or near the resonance

frequency of the circuit they are connected to. They are used in high-frequency
applications such as radio frequency (RF) circuits, switching power supplies,
and induction heating systems. Resonant transformers can improve efficiency
and reduce losses in such applications.

7. Ferro resonant Transformers:

 Ferro resonant transformers, also known as constant voltage transformers

(CVTs), are designed to provide a relatively constant output voltage despite
variations in input voltage. They are used in applications where a stable voltage
supply is critical, such as in sensitive electronic equipment, telecommunications
systems, and medical devices.

a) These are some of the main types of transformers used in various electrical and electronic
applications. The choice of transformer depends on factors such as voltage and current
ratings, frequency, efficiency, size, cost, and specific application requirements.