Tutorial week 5

Temperament an individual’s behavioral style and characteristic way of responding

emotionally. Please describe and classify temperament.
Temperament is a person’s or animal nature, especially as it permanently affects their
behaviour. The Oxford dictionary defines temperament as a person's nature shown in how
they behave or react to people or situations. It also refers to personality traits that determine
how someone reacts to the world. Temperament is also means the combition of mental,
physical, and emotional traits of a person. In psychology, temperament broadly refers to
consistent individual differences in behavior that are biologically based and are relatively
independent of learning, system of values and attitudes. External environmental factors such
as negative and positive childhood experiences can also shape temperaments. For example, a
person who grew up in an abusive family could become melancholic. The “temperament term
can sometimes can give a negative misconception or can carry suggesting volatility in
someone’s behaviour. It’s very essential to recognize that temperament is a natural part of
human diversity and it can carry both positive and negative aspects. People with different
temperaments will react in different ways to the same situation according to their
temperament level.
There are four types of temperament such as melancholic, choleric, sanguine and
phlegmatic. People who have melancholic temperament will be reserved and also thoughtful
and sensitive. They can also be analytical especially at work and they also make them
valuable to any workplace. They also prefer to work alone and might not specialized in team
works. They also get moody when things are not going as well as they plan. Secondly, people
with choleric type of temperament will be dominant. This type of people is goal-oriented.
They are high achievers at work, school, or even play and they will be often chosen as
leaders. Unlike sanguines, choleric people are decisive but can be impatient and stubborn.
They prioritize achieving goals rather than making social connections and relationships.
Futhermore, people who belong to sanguine temperament type will be defined as typically
extroverted and sociable. They are the people who can see a glass as half full instead of
worrying about half empty. This type of people can always find in the middle of the crowd
because social interactions come easy to them and they can be talkative and always
energitive. Unfortunately, they also can make some impulsive and indecisive activities too
such as seeking out thrill, which in extreme cases could include drug use. Lastly, people who
have phlegmatic temperament type will be easygoing people who will be very empathetic
when relating with others. They are also dependable and patient. They also need to avoid
conflicts at all costs can be disadvantageous and cause them to miss out on opportunities
when they fail to protect themselves.