Acknowledgements For Jennie Thank you, for everything.

And Alex and Holly For doing your best to

keep quiet while I wrote this. It’s been a long journey. Along the way there have been house-moves,
children, and various other life events that got in the way. I wouldn’t have got even halfway there
without ongoing support from my wife Jennie, in both emotional and financial forms. Thank you for your
support, encouragement, and patience. Many people deserve thanks for helping me get this work done.
My supervisors, Mike Sharples and Claire O’Malley, have provided essential guidance and advice along
the way. Thanks also to Russell Beale and Bob Hendley for their support, and to Terry Wilmer and Ian
Pearshouse for valuable technical assistance. I ran trials at two schools during this PhD, and those could
not have happened without the help and cooperation of the teachers, staff, and students at those
schools. Particular thanks go to Ian Watts, Pete Gibson and Darren Frearson. And my thanks also to my
fellow PhD students at the LSRI who helped out during those trials. 3 Contents ABSTRACT 1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2 CONTENTS 3 CHAPTER'1: INTRODUCTION 19 1.1
MOTIVATION'&'BACKGROUND 19 1.2 RESEARCH'AIMS 21 1.3 CHAPTER'CONTENTS 23 1.4
CONTRIBUTION'TO'THE'FIELD 26 CHAPTER'2:
LITERATURE'SURVEY:''USING'SITUATED'MOBILE'GAMES'TO'
SCAFFOLD'FIELDABASED'ENQUIRY'LEARNING'ACTIVITIES 28 2.1 INTRODUCTION 28 2.1.1 MOBILE!
LEARNING 29 2.2 USING'MOBILES'FOR'FIELD'LEARNING 31 2.2.1 THE!IMPORTANCE!OF!THE!
ENVIRONMENT 32