"ASCE798W" --- ASCE 7-98 CODE WIND ANALYSIS PROGRAM

Program Description:

"ASCE798W" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of wind loading analysis for buildings
and structures per the ASCE 7-98 Code. Specifically, wind pressure coefficients and related and required
parameters are selected or calculated in order to compute the net design wind pressures.

This program is a workbook consisting of eight (8) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name Description

Doc This documentation sheet
Simplified Analysis using simplified method for low-rise buildings with h <= 30’
MWFRS (Low-Rise) Main Wind-Force Resisting System for low-rise buildings with h <= 60’
MWFRS (Any Ht.) Main Wind-Force Resisting System for buildings of any height
Wall C&C Analysis of wall Components and Cladding
Roof C&C Analysis of roof Components and Cladding
Stacks & Tanks Analysis of cantilevered chimneys, stacks, and vertical tanks
Wind Map Basic wind speed map (Figure 6-1 of ASCE 7-98 Code)

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

1. This program assumes only enclosed or partially enclosed buildings. Open buildings are NOT considered.
2. Worksheet for Simplified analysis is applicable for buildings meeting the criteria of Section 6.4.1.
3. In the worksheet for Simplified analysis, the design MWFRS wind load is calculated for each direction.
This design load is assumed equal to 1/2 of the total load, as 1/2 is assumed to be taken at roof level and
the other 1/2 is taken at the base of the building.
4. Worksheet for MWFRS (Low-Rise) is applicable for low-rise buildings as defined in Section 6.2.
5. Worksheets for MWFRS (Any Ht.), Wall C&C, and Roof C&C are applicable for buildings with mean roof
heights of up to 500 feet.
6. Worksheet for Stacks & Tanks is applicable for cantilevered structures up to 600 feet tall.
7. Worksheets for Wall C&C and Roof C&C are applicable for flat roof buildings, gable roof buildings with roof
angles <= 45 degrees, and monoslope roof buildings with roof angles <= 3 degrees.
8. Worksheets for MWFRS (Any Ht.) and for Stacks & Tanks can handle “rigid” as well as “flexible” buildings
and structures. For “rigid” buildings or structures, this program uses the smaller value of either 0.85 or the
calculated value from Section 6.5.8.1 of the Code for the gust effect factor, 'G'. For “flexible” buildings or
structures, this program calculates the gust effect factor, ‘Gf’, per Section 6.5.8 of the Code based on the
assumed formula for the fundamental period of vibration from Section 9.5.3.3 of the Code.
9. This program uses the equations listed in the reference, “Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of
ASCE 7-98” for determining the external wind pressure coefficients, ‘GCp’, used in the Wall C&C and Roof
C&C worksheets.
10. This program contains numerous “comment boxes” which contain a wide variety of information including
explanations of input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a “comment box”
is denoted by a “red triangle” in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the
desired cell to view the contents of that particular "comment box".)
 "ASCE798W.xls" Program
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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Main Wind-Force Resisting System

Per ASCE 7-98 Code for Low-Rise Buildings with h <= 30' and Roof q < 10o
Using Method 1: Simplified Procedure (Section 6.4)
Job Name: Subject: ###
Job Number: Originator: Checker: ###
###
Input Data: ###
###
Wind Speed, V = 130 mph (Wind Map, Fig. 6-1) ###
Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1) ###
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6) (Do not use Exp. "A") Length ###
Ridge Height, hr = 15.00 ft. (hr >= he) ###
Eave Height, he = 15.00 ft. (he <= hr) ###
Building Width = 30.00 ft. (Normal to Building Ridge) I
Building Length = 60.00 ft. (Parallel to Building Ridge) Width II
Roof Type = Monoslope (Gable or Monoslope) Plan III
Enclosed? (Y/N) Y (Sect. 6.2 & Table 6-7) IV
MWFRS Trib. Area = 1800.00 ft.^2 A
Roof C&C Name = Joist (Purlin, Joist, Decking, or Fastener) B
Roof C&C Area = 300.00 ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding) q<10o C
Wall C&C Name = Wall (Girt, Siding, Wall, or Fastener) hr D
h<=30'
Wall C&C Area = 75.00 ft.^2 (for Component/Cladding) he Gable
Monoslope
Resulting Parameters and Net Design Pressures: Width Y
Elevation N
Roof Angle, q = 0.00 deg. Purlin
Mean Roof Ht., h = 15.00 ft. (h = he for q < 10 deg.) Joist
Decking
MWFRS Net Pressures Design MWFRS Load Fastener
Location p (psf) SP (kips) SP (kips) Girt
Roof -36.96 (Width) (Length) Siding
Walls 40.60 9.13 18.27 Wall
Fastener
Components & Cladding Net Pressures ###
Location Zone +p (psf) -p (psf) ###
1 14.00 -39.20 Roof
Roof Joist 2 14.00 -46.20 ###
3 14.00 -46.20 ###
Wall 4 37.49 -41.61 ###
5 37.49 -46.90 ###
###
Notes: 1. Design wind pressures are net pressures (sum of external and internal pressures). ###
2. Wall net pressure for MWFRS is total for both windward and leeward walls. Walls
3. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces. ###
4. Net pressures taken from Tables 6-2, 6-3A and 6-3B and include the following "multipliers": ###
Exposure Factor = 1.40 ###
Area Reduction Factor = 0.80
Importance Factor, I = 1.00
5. Wall & Roof End Zone Widths for Components & Cladding: a = 3.00 ft.
6. Minimum wind load for MWFRS and C&C shall not be less than 10 psf. Componen
7. References: a. ASCE 7-98, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures". Roof:
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-98" 2(+) =

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by: Kishor C. Mehta and Dale C. Perry (2002). 3(+) =

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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Main Wind-Force Resisting System

Per ASCE 7-98 Code for Enclosed or Partially Enclosed Buildings
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5) for Low-Rise Buildings
Job Name: Subject: II
Job Number: Originator: Checker: III
IV
Input Data: A
B
Wind Speed, V = 90 mph (Wind Map, Fig. 6-1) C
Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1) Wind D
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6) B Gable
Ridge Height, hr = 53.33 ft. (hr >= he) Monoslope
Eave Height, he = 20.00 ft. (he <= hr) Y
Building Width = 200.00 ft. (Normal to Building Ridge) N
Building Length = 250.00 ft. (Parallel to Building Ridge) Roof Zone 3E =
L
Roof Type = Gable (Gable or Monoslope) Wall Zone 4E =
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7) Plan
Direct. Factor, Kd = 0.85 (Table 6-6)
Enclosed? (Y/N) Y (Sect. 6.2 & Table 6-7) For Case 'A':
qo 0.5*L =
hr 2.5*h =
h<=60'
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: hUse
e =

Roof Angle, q = 18.43 deg. L External Pr

Mean Roof Ht., h = 36.67 ft. (h = (hr+he)/2, for angle >10 deg.) Elevation For Case 'B
Wall Zone 1 =
Check Criteria for a Low-Rise Building: Roof Zone 2 =
1. Is h <= 60' ? Yes, O.K. 2. Is h <= Lesser of L or B? Yes, O.K. Roof Zone 3 =
Wall Zone 4 =
External Pressure Coeff's., GCpf (Fig. 6-4): Wall Zone 5 =
(For values, see following wind load tabulations.) Wall Zone 6 =
Positive & Negative Internal Pressure Coefficients, GCpi (Table 6-7): Wall Zone 1E =
+GCpi Coef. = 0.18 (positive internal pressure) Roof Zone 2E =
-GCpi Coef. = -0.18 (negative internal pressure) Roof Zone 3E =
Wall Zone 4E =
If h < 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-5, Case 1b) Wall Zone 5E =
If h >= 15 then: Kh = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-5, Case 1b) Wall Zone 6E =
a= 9.50 (Table 6-4)
zg = 900 (Table 6-4)
Kh = 1.02 (Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h) Lesser of L or B:
I= 1.00 (Table 6-1) (Importance factor) 0.1*(L or B):
Compare to 0.4*h:
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-13) Compare to .04*(L, B):
qh = 18.06 psf qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at zCompare
= h) to 3':
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.2.2): Use 'a' =
p = qh*[(GCpf) - (+/-GCpi)] (psf, Eq. 6-16) Use '2*a' =

Wall and Roof End Zone Widths 'a' and '2*a' (Fig. 6-4):
a = 14.67 ft.
2*a = 29.33 ft.

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+GCpi Coef. (PIP) =

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MWFRS Wind Load Tabulation for Case 'A' Case 'A' Rotated (Corner II)
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressures (psf) Surface *GCpf p = Net Pressures (psf)
(w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi) (w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi)
Zone 1 0.52 6.08 12.58 Zone 1 0.40 3.97 10.47
Zone 2 -0.69 -15.71 -9.21 Zone 2 -0.69 -15.71 -9.21
Zone 3 -0.47 -11.71 -5.21 Zone 3 -0.37 -9.93 -3.43
Zone 4 -0.42 -10.75 -4.25 Zone 4 -0.29 -8.49 -1.99
Zone 1E 0.78 10.84 17.34 Zone 1E 0.61 7.77 14.27
Zone 2E -1.07 -22.57 -16.07 Zone 2E -1.07 -22.57 -16.07
Zone 3E -0.67 -15.41 -8.91 Zone 3E -0.53 -12.82 -6.32
Zone 4E -0.62 -14.41 -7.91 Zone 4E -0.43 -11.02 -4.51

*Note: Use roof angle q = 0 degrees for Case 'A' rotated.

For Case 'A' when GCpf is neg. in Zone 2: For Case 'A' rot. when GCpf is neg. in Zone 2:
Zone 2 distance = 91.66 ft. Zone 2 distance = 91.66 ft.
Remainder of roof Zone 2 to have roof Zone 3 pressures.

MWFRS Wind Load Tabulation for Case 'B' Case 'B' Rotated (Corner II)
Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (psf) Surface GCpf p = Net Pressure (psf)
(w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi) (w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi)
Zone 1 -0.45 -11.38 -4.88 Zone 1 -0.45 -11.38 -4.88
Zone 2 -0.69 -15.71 -9.21 Zone 2 -0.69 -15.71 -9.21
Zone 3 -0.37 -9.93 -3.43 Zone 3 -0.37 -9.93 -3.43
Zone 4 -0.45 -11.38 -4.88 Zone 4 -0.45 -11.38 -4.88
Zone 5 0.40 3.97 10.47 Zone 5 0.40 3.97 10.47
Zone 6 -0.29 -8.49 -1.99 Zone 6 -0.29 -8.49 -1.99
Zone 1E -0.48 -11.92 -5.42 Zone 1E -0.48 -11.92 -5.42
Zone 2E -1.07 -22.57 -16.07 Zone 2E -1.07 -22.57 -16.07
Zone 3E -0.53 -12.82 -6.32 Zone 3E -0.53 -12.82 -6.32
Zone 4E -0.48 -11.92 -5.42 Zone 4E -0.48 -11.92 -5.42
Zone 5E 0.61 7.77 14.27 Zone 5E 0.61 7.77 14.27
Zone 6E -0.43 -11.02 -4.51 Zone 6E -0.43 -11.02 -4.51

Notes: 1. For Case 'A', Case 'A' Rotated (90 deg.), Case 'B', and Case 'B' Rotated (90 deg.):
Zone 1 is windward wall for interior zone. Zone 1E is windward wall for end zone.
Zone 2 is windward roof for interior zone. Zone 2E is windward roof for end zone.
Zone 3 is leeward roof for interior zone. Zone 3E is leeward roof for end zone.
Zone 4 is leeward wall for interior zone. Zone 4E is leeward wall for end zone.
Zone 5 is sidewall for interior zone. Zone 5E is sidewall for end zone.
Zone 6 is sidewall for interior zone. Zone 6E is sidewall for end zone.
2. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
3. Per Code Section 6.1.4.1, the minimum wind load for MWFRS shall not be less than 10 psf.
4. References : a. ASCE 7-98, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-98"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and Dale C. Perry (2002).

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MWFRS Zones and Load Cases for Low-Rise Buildings:

FIGURE C6-2. Application of Load Cases for Two Windward Corners

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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Main Wind-Force Resisting System

Per ASCE 7-98 Code for Enclosed or Partially Enclosed Buildings
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5) for Buildings of Any Height
Job Name: Subject: Parallel
Job Number: Originator: Checker: I
II
Input Data: III
IV
Wind Direction = Normal (Normal or Parallel to building ridge) A
Wind Speed, V = 120 mph (Wind Map, Fig. 6-1) Wind B
Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1) B C
Exposure Category = B (Sect. 6.5.6) D
Ridge Height, hr = 157.00 ft. (hr >= he) Gable
Eave Height, he = 157.00 ft. (he <= hr) Monoslope
Building Width = 100.00 ft. (Normal to Building Ridge) Y
L
Building Length = 200.00 ft. (Parallel to Building Ridge) N
Roof Type = Monoslope (Gable or Monoslope) Plan For h/L=0.5:
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7) For h/L>=1.0:
Direct. Factor, Kd = 0.85 (Table 6-6) actual h/L =
Enclosed? (Y/N) Y (Sect. 6.2 & Table 6-7) qo Use Roof Cp =
Damping Ratio, b = 0.030 (Suggested Range = 0.010-0.070)
Period Coef., Ct = 0.0200 (Suggested Range = 0.020-0.035) hr
h
(Assume: T = Ct*h^(3/4) , and f = 1/T) Zone #1 Roof Cp
he =
Zone #2 Roof Cp =
Zone #3 Roof Cp =
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: Zone #4 Roof Cp =
L
Elevation
Roof Angle, q = 0.00 deg.
Mean Roof Ht., h = 157.00 ft. (h = he, for roof angle <=10 deg.) L = 100 ft.
Windward Wall Cp = 0.80 (Fig. 6-3) B = 200 ft.
Leeward Wall Cp = -0.50 (Fig. 6-3)
Side Walls Cp = -0.70 (Fig. 6-3)
Roof Cp (zone #1) = -1.04 (Fig. 6-3) (zone #1 for 0 to h/2) a=
Roof Cp (zone #2) = -0.70 (Fig. 6-3) (zone #2 for h/2 to h) zg =
Roof Cp (zone #3) = N.A. (Fig. 6-3) (zone #3 for h to 2*h) Kh =
Roof Cp (zone #4) = N.A. (Fig. 6-3) (zone #4 for > 2*h) I=
+GCpi Coef. = 0.18 (Table 6-7) (positive internal pressure) qh =
-GCpi Coef. = -0.18 (Table 6-7) (negative internal pressure)

If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-5, Case 2a)
a= 7.00 zg = 1200 (Table 6-4)
Kh = 1.12 (Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h)
I= 1.00 (Table 6-1) (Importance factor)
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-13)
qh = 35.23 psf qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h)
Ratio h/L = 1.570 freq., f = 1.127 hz. (f >= 1, Rigid structure)
Gust Factor, G = 0.818 (Sect. 6.5.8)
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.2):
p = qz*G*Cp - qi*(+/-GCpi) for windward wall (psf), where: qi =qh (Eq. 6-15, Sect. 6.5.12.2.1)
p = qh*G*Cp - qi*(+/-GCpi) for leeward wall, sidewalls, and roof (psf), where: qi = qh (Sect. 6.5.12.2.1)

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Normal to Ridge Wind Load Tabulation for MWFRS - Buildings of Any Height
Surface z Kz qz Cp p = Net Design Press. (psf)
(ft.) (psf) (w/ +GCpi) (w/ -GCpi)
Windward Wall 0 0.57 18.01 0.80 5.45 18.13
15.00 0.57 18.01 0.80 5.45 18.13
20.00 0.62 19.55 0.80 6.46 19.14
25.00 0.67 20.84 0.80 7.30 19.98
30.00 0.70 21.95 0.80 8.03 20.71
35.00 0.73 22.94 0.80 8.68 21.36
40.00 0.76 23.83 0.80 9.26 21.94
45.00 0.79 24.65 0.80 9.80 22.48
50.00 0.81 25.40 0.80 10.29 22.97
55.00 0.83 26.10 0.80 10.75 23.43
60.00 0.85 26.76 0.80 11.18 23.86
70.00 0.89 27.97 0.80 11.97 24.65
80.00 0.93 29.05 0.80 12.68 25.36
90.00 0.96 30.05 0.80 13.33 26.01
100.00 0.99 30.97 0.80 13.93 26.61
120.00 1.04 32.62 0.80 15.01 27.70
140.00 1.09 34.09 0.80 15.98 28.66
For z = hr: 157.00 1.12 35.23 0.80 16.72 29.40

For z = he: 157.00 1.12 35.23 0.80 16.72 29.40

For z = h: 157.00 1.12 35.23 0.80 16.72 29.40
Leeward Wall All - - -0.50 -20.75 -8.07
Side Walls All - - -0.70 -26.52 -13.84
Roof (zone #1) - - - -1.04 -36.32 -23.64
Roof (zone #2) - - - -0.70 -26.52 -13.84

Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Per Code Section 6.1.4.1, the minimum wind load for MWFRS shall not be less than 10 psf.
3. References : a. ASCE 7-98, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-98"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and Dale C. Perry (2002).
4. Roof zone #1 is applied for horizontal distance of 0 to h/2 from windward edge.
5. Roof zone #2 is applied for horizontal distance of h/2 to h from windward edge.

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Determination of Gust Effect Factor, G:

Is Building Flexible? No f >=1 Hz.

1: Simplified Method for Rigid Building

G= 0.850

Parameters Used in Both Item #2 and Item #3 Calculations (from Table 6-4):
a^ = 0.143
b^ = 0.84
a(bar) = 0.250
b(bar) = 0.45
c= 0.30
l= 320 ft.
e(bar) = 0.333
z(min) = 30 ft.

Calculated Parameters Used in Both Rigid and/or Flexible Building Calculations:

z(bar) = 94.20 = 0.6*h , but not < z(min) , ft.
Iz(bar) = 0.252 = c*(33/z(bar))^(1/6) , Eq. 6-3
Lz(bar) = 453.94 = l*(z(bar)/33)^(e(bar)) , Eq. 6-5
gq = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gv = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gr = 4.218 = (2*(LN(3600*f)))^(1/2)+0.577/(2*LN(3600*f))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-7
Q= 0.805 = (1/(1+0.63*((B+h)/Lz(bar))^0.63))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-4

2: Calculation of G for Rigid Building

G= 0.818 = 0.925*((1+1.7*gq*Iz(bar)*Q)/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar))) , Eq. 6-2

3: Calculation of Gf for Flexible Building

b= 0.030 Damping Ratio
Ct = 0.020 Period Coefficient
T= 0.887 = Ct*h^(3/4) , sec. (Period)
f= 1.127 = 1/T , Hz. (Natural Frequency)
V(fps) = N.A. = V(mph)*(88/60) , ft./sec.
V(bar,zbar) = N.A. = b(bar)*(z(bar)/33)^(a(bar))*V*(88/60) , ft./sec. , Eq. 6-12
N1 = N.A. = f*Lz(bar)/(V(bar,zbar)) , Eq. 6-10
Rn = N.A. = 7.47*N1/(1+10.3*N1)^(5/3) , Eq. 6-9
hh = N.A. = 4.6*f*h/(V(bar,zbar))
Rh = N.A. = (1/hh)-1/(2*hh^2)*(1-e^(-2*hh)) for hh > 0, or = 1 for hh = 0 ,Eq. 6-11
hB = N.A. = 4.6*f*B/(V(bar,zbar))
RB = N.A. = (1/hB)-1/(2*hB^2)*(1-e^(-2*hB)) for hB > 0, or = 1 for hB = 0,Eq. 6-11
hL = N.A. = 15.4*f*L/(V(bar,zbar))
RL = N.A. = (1/hL)-1/(2*hL^2)*(1-e^(-2*hL)) for hL > 0, or = 1 for hL = 0 ,Eq. 6-11
R= N.A. = ((1/b)*Rn*Rh*RB*(0.53+0.47*RL))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-8
Gf = N.A. = 0.925*(1+1.7*Iz(bar)*(gq^2*Q^2+gr^2*R^2)^(1/2))/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar)) ,
Use: G = 0.818 Eq. 6-6

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Wind Pressure Combinations for Full and Partial Loading of MWFRS for Buildings with h > 60 ft.

Case 1: Full design wind pressures acting on the projected area perpendicular to each principal axis of
the building considered separately.
Case 2: Wind pressure as defined in Case 1, but with a 25% reduction in pressure acting on 50% of the
projected area bounded by the extreme projected edge of the building.
Case 3: Wind pressure as defined in Case 1, but considered to act simultaneously at 75% of the
specified value.
Case 4: Wind pressure as defined in Case 3, but with a 25% reduction of these pressures acting on 50%
of the projected area bounded by the extreme projected edge of the building.

Notes: 1. Design wind pressures for windward (Pw) and leeward (PL) faces are obtained from provisions
for buildings with a mean roof height, h > 60 ft. (per Sect. 6.5.12).
2. Above diagrams show plan view of building.
3. Pw = Windward face design pressure , PL = Leeward face design pressure.

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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Wall Components and Cladding

Per ASCE 7-98 Code for Buildings of Any Height
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5)
Job Name: Subject: II
Job Number: Originator: Checker: III
IV
Input Data: A
B
Wind Speed, V = 90 mph (Wind Map, Fig. 6-1) C
Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1) D
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6) B Gable
Ridge Height, hr = 53.33 ft. (hr >= he) Monoslope
Eave Height, he = 20.00 ft. (he <= hr) Y
Building Width = 200.00 ft. (Normal to Building Ridge) N
Building Length = 250.00 ft. (Parallel to Building Ridge) Girt
L
Roof Type = Gable (Gable or Monoslope) Siding
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7) Plan Wall
Direct. Factor, Kd = 0.85 (Table 6-6) Fastener
Enclosed? (Y/N) Y (Sect. 6.2 & Table 6-7) Use 'a' =
Component Name = Girt (Girt, Siding, Wall, or Fastener) qo
Effective Area, Ae = 208 ft.^2 (Area Tributary to C&C) hr
h
+GCpi Coef. (PIP)
he =
-GCpi Coef. (NIP) =
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: L
Elevation
Roof Angle, q = 18.43 deg. a=
Mean Roof Ht., h = 36.67 ft. (h = (hr+he)/2, for roof angle >10 deg.) zg =
Kh =
Wall External Pressure Coefficients, GCp: I=
GCp Zone 4 Pos. = 0.77 (Fig. 6-5A) qh =
GCp Zone 5 Pos. = 0.77 (Fig. 6-5A)
GCp Zone 4 Neg. = -0.87 (Fig. 6-5A)
GCp Zone 5 Neg. = -0.93 (Fig. 6-5A)
Positive & Negative Internal Pressure Coefficients, GCpi (Table 6-7):
+GCpi Coef. = 0.18 (positive internal pressure)
-GCpi Coef. = -0.18 (negative internal pressure)

If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-5, Case 1a)
a= 9.50 (Table 6-4)
zg = 900 (Table 6-4)
Kh = 1.02 (Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h)
I= 1.00 (Table 6-1) (Importance factor)
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-13)
qh = 18.06 psf qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated at z = h)

Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.4):

For h <= 60 ft.: p = qh*((GCp) - (+/-GCpi)) (psf)
For h > 60 ft.: p = q*(GCp) - qi*(+/-GCpi) (psf)
where: q = qz for windward walls, q = qh for leeward walls and side walls
qi = qh for all walls (conservatively assumed per Sect. 6.5.12.4.2)

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Wind Load Tabulation for Wall Components & Cladding

Component z Kh qh p = Net Design Pressures (psf)
(ft.) (psf) Zone 4 (+) Zone 4 (-) Zone 5 (+) Zone 5 (-)
Girt 0 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
15.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
20.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
25.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
30.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
35.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
40.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
45.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
50.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13
For z = hr: 53.33 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13

For z = he: 20.00 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13

For z = h: 36.67 1.02 18.06 17.11 -18.91 17.11 -20.13

Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Width of Zone 5 (end zones), 'a' = 14.67 ft.
3. Per Code Section 6.1.4.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 10 psf.
4. References : a. ASCE 7-98, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-98"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and Dale C. Perry (2002).

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Wall Components and Cladding:

Wall Zones for Buildings with h <= 60 ft.

Wall Zones for Buildings with h > 60 ft.

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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Roof Components and Cladding

Per ASCE 7-98 Code for Bldgs. of Any Height with Gable Roof q <= 45o or Monoslope Roof q <= 3o
Using Method 2: Analytical Procedure (Section 6.5)
Job Name: Subject: II
Job Number: Originator: Checker: III
IV
Input Data: A
B
Wind Speed, V = 90 mph (Wind Map, Fig. 6-1) C
Bldg. Classification = II (Table 1-1) D
Exposure Category = C (Sect. 6.5.6) B Gable
Ridge Height, hr = 53.33 ft. (hr >= he) Monoslope
Eave Height, he = 20.00 ft. (he <= hr) Y
Building Width = 200.00 ft. (Normal to Building Ridge) N
Building Length = 250.00 ft. (Parallel to Building Ridge) Purlin
L
Roof Type = Gable (Gable or Monoslope) Joist
Topo. Factor, Kzt = 1.00 (Sect. 6.5.7) Plan Decking
Direct. Factor, Kd = 0.85 (Table 6-6) Fastener
Enclosed? (Y/N) Y (Sect. 6.2 & Table 6-7) For Zone 1 Neg. =
Component Name = Joist (Purlin, Joist, Decking, or Fastener) q o For Zone 2 Neg. =
Effective Area, Ae = 208 ft.^2 (Area Tributary to C&C) hr Forh Zone 3 Neg. =
Overhangs? (Y/N) N (if used, overhangs on all sides) Use Zone 1,2,3 Pos.
he =
Use Zone 1 Neg. =
L Use Zone 2 Neg. =
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: Use Zone 3 Neg. =
Elevation

Roof Angle, q = 18.43 deg.

Mean Roof Ht., h = 36.67 ft. (h = (hr+he)/2, for roof angle >10 deg.) Fig. 6-5B:

Roof External Pressure Coefficients, GCp: For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =

GCp Zone 1-3 Pos. = 0.30 (Fig. 6-5B) For Zone 1 Neg. =
GCp Zone 1 Neg. = -0.80 (Fig. 6-5B) For Zone 2 Neg. =
GCp Zone 2 Neg. = -1.40 (Fig. 6-5B) For Zone 3 Neg. =
GCp Zone 3 Neg. = -1.40 (Fig. 6-5B)
Positive & Negative Internal Pressure Coefficients, GCpi (Table 6-7): For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
+GCpi Coef. = 0.18 (positive internal pressure) For Zone 1 Neg. =
-GCpi Coef. = -0.18 (negative internal pressure) For Zone 2 Neg. =
If z <= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) , If z > 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) (Table 6-5, Case 1a) 3 Neg. =
For Zone
a= 9.50
zg = 900 (Table 6-4) For Zone 1,2,3 Pos. =
Kh = 1.02 (Kh = Kz evaluated at z = h) For Zone 1 Neg. =
I= 1.00 (Table 6-1) (Importance factor) For Zone 2 Neg. =
Velocity Pressure: qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-13) For Zone 3 Neg. =
qh = 18.06 psf qh = 0.00256*Kh*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I (qz evaluated
Use
at Zone
z = h)1,2,3 Pos. =
Use Zone 1 Neg. =
Design Net External Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.12.4): Use Zone 2 Neg. =
For h <= 60 ft.: p = qh*((GCp) - (+/-GCpi)) (psf) Use Zone 3 Neg. =
For h > 60 ft.: p = q*(GCp) - qi*(+/-GCpi) (psf)
where: q = qh for roof
qi = qh for roof (conservatively assumed per Sect. 6.5.12.4.2)
Width 'a' for
Lesser of L or B:

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Wind Load Tabulation for Roof Components & Cladding

Component z Kh qh p = Net Design Pressures (psf)
(ft.) (psf) Zone 1,2,3 (+) Zone 1 (-) Zone 2 (-) Zone 3 (-)
Joist 0 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
15.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
20.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
25.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
30.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
35.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
40.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
45.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
50.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53
For z = hr: 53.33 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53

For z = he: 20.00 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53

For z = h: 36.67 1.02 18.06 8.67 -17.70 -28.53 -28.53

Notes: 1. (+) and (-) signs signify wind pressures acting toward & away from respective surfaces.
2. Width of Zone 2 (edge), 'a' = 14.67 ft.
3. Width of Zone 3 (corner), 'a' = 14.67 ft.
4. For monoslope roofs with q <= 3 degrees, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCp' values with 'qh'.
5. For buildings with h > 60' and q > 10 degrees, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCpi' values with 'qh'.
6. For all buildings with overhangs, use Fig. 6-5B for 'GCp' values per Sect. 6.5.11.4.2.
7. If a parapet >= 3' in height is provided around perimeter of roof with q <= 10 degrees,
Zone 3 shall be treated as Zone 2.
8. Per Code Section 6.1.4.2, the minimum wind load for C&C shall not be less than 10 psf.
9. References : a. ASCE 7-98, "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures".
b. "Guide to the Use of the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-98"
by: Kishor C. Mehta and Dale C. Perry (2002).

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Roof Components and Cladding:

Roof Zones for Buildings with h <= 60 ft.

(for Gable Roofs <= 45o and Monoslope Roofs <= 3o)

Roof Zones for Buildings with h > 60 ft.

(for Gable Roofs <= 10o and Monoslope Roofs <= 3o)

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WIND LOADING ANALYSIS - Chimneys, Stacks, and Vertical Tanks

Per ASCE 7-98 Code for Cantilevered Structures Classified as Other Structures
I
Job Name: Subject: II
Job Number: Originator: Checker: III
IV
Input Data: D A
B
V= 90 mph (Design Wind Speed from Fig. 6-1) C
Class. = II (Structure Classification from Table 1-1) D
Exposure = B (Exposure Category from Sect. 6.5.6) Wind Round
h
Kzt = 1.00 (Topographic Factor from Sect. 6.5.7) Hexagonal
h= 80.00 ft. (Height of Stack/Tank itself) Square
Hb = 50.00 ft. (Ht. of Stack/Tank Base Above Ground) Y
D= 3.00 ft. (Diameter or Width of Surface Normal to Wind) N
Hb >= 0
Shape? Round (Round, Hexagonal, or Square) Ground
b= 0.010 (Damping Ratio = 0.010-0.070) Base Shear and Moment Tabula
Elevation
Ct = 0.0412 (Period Coefficient = 0.020-0.035) for trapezoidal pressure distribu
Kd = 0.95 (Direct. Factor, Table 6-6) Wind Load Tabulation for Stack / Tank
z Kz qz p=qz*G*Cf F=qz*G*Cf*D
(ft.) (psf) (psf) (lb/ft)
Resulting Parameters and Coefficients: 50.00 0.81 15.97 12.54 37.61
55.00 0.83 16.41 12.88 38.65
If z < 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(15/zg)^(2/a) 60.00 0.85 16.82 13.21 39.62
If z >= 15 then: Kz = 2.01*(z/zg)^(2/a) 65.00 0.87 17.21 13.51 40.54
a= 7.00 (Table 6-4) 70.00 0.89 17.58 13.80 41.41
zg = 1200 (Table 6-4) 75.00 0.91 17.93 14.08 42.23
I= 1.00 (Table 6-1) (Import. Factor) 80.00 0.93 18.26 14.34 43.02
h/D = 26.667 85.00 0.94 18.58 14.59 43.77
freq., f = 0.907 Hz. (f < 1) Flexible 90.00 0.96 18.89 14.83 44.49
G= 1.122 (Gust Factor, Sect. 6.5.8) 95.00 0.97 19.18 15.06 45.18
Cf = 0.700 (Table 6-10) (Press. Coef.) 100.00 0.99 19.47 15.28 45.85
(for Mod. Smooth Surface) 105.00 1.00 19.74 15.50 46.49
110.00 1.02 20.00 15.71 47.12
Velocity Pressure (Sect. 6.5.10, Eq. 6-13): 120.00 1.04 20.51 16.10 48.30
qz = 0.00256*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V^2*I 130.00 1.07 20.98 16.47 49.42

Net Design Wind Pressures (Sect. 6.5.13):

p = qz*G*Cf (psf)

Net Design Wind Forces (Sect. 6.5.13, Eq. 6-20):

F = qz*G*Cf*D (lb/ft)

Resulting Total Base Shear & Moment:

SV(total) = 3.53 kips

SM(total) = 324.23 ft-kips

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Determination of Gust Effect Factor, G: SV(total):

###
Flexible? Yes f < 1 Hz.

1: Simplified Method for Rigid Structure

G= N.A.

Parameters Used in Both Item #2 and Item #3 Calculations (from Table 6-4):
a^ = 0.143
b^ = 0.84
a(bar) = 0.250
b(bar) = 0.45
c= 0.30
l= 320 ft.
e(bar) = 0.333
z(min) = 30 ft.

Calculated Parameters Used in Both Rigid and/or Flexible Structure Calculations:

z(bar) = 48.00 = 0.6*h , but not < z(min) , ft.
Iz(bar) = 0.282 = c*(33/z(bar))^(1/6) , Eq. 6-3
Lz(bar) = 362.57 = l*(z(bar)/33)^(e(bar)) , Eq. 6-5
gq = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gv = 3.4 (3.4, per Sect. 6.5.8.1)
gr = 4.166 = (2*(LN(3600*f)))^(1/2)+0.577/(2*LN(3600*f))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-7
Q= 0.895 = (1/(1+0.63*((B+h)/Lz(bar))^0.63))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-4

2: Calculation of G for Rigid Structure

G= N.A. = 0.925*((1+1.7*gq*Iz(bar)*Q)/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar))) , Eq. 6-2

3: Calculation of Gf for Flexible Structure

b= 0.010 Damping Ratio
Ct = 0.041 Period Coefficient
T= 1.102 = Ct*h^(3/4) , sec. (Period)
f= 0.907 = 1/T , Hz. (Natural Frequency)
V(fps) = 132.00 = V(mph)*(88/60) , ft./sec.
V(bar,zbar) = 65.23 = b(bar)*(z(bar)/33)^(a(bar))*V*(88/60) , ft./sec. , Eq. 6-12
N1 = 5.043 = f*Lz(bar)/(V(bar,zbar)) , Eq. 6-10
Rn = 0.050 = 7.47*N1/(1+10.3*N1)^(5/3) , Eq. 6-9
hh = 5.119 = 4.6*f*h/(V(bar,zbar))
Rh = 0.176 = (1/hh)-1/(2*hh^2)*(1-e^(-2*hh)) for hh > 0, or = 1 for hh = 0 , Eq. 6-11a,b
hB = 0.192 = 4.6*f*b/(V(bar,zbar))
RB = 0.883 = (1/hB)-1/(2*hB^2)*(1-e^(-2*hB)) for hB > 0, or = 1 for hB = 0 , Eq. 6-11a,b
hd = 0.643 = 15.4*f*L/(V(bar,zbar))
RL = 0.680 = (1/hL)-1/(2*hL^2)*(1-e^(-2*hL)) for hL > 0, or = 1 for hL = 0 , Eq. 6-11a,b
R= 0.817 = ((1/b)*Rn*Rh*RB*(0.53+0.47*RL))^(1/2) , Eq. 6-8
Gf = 1.122 = 0.925*(1+1.7*Iz(bar)*(gq^2*Q^2+gr^2*R^2)^(1/2))/(1+1.7*gv*Iz(bar)) , Eq. 6-6
Use: G = 1.122

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FIGURE 6-1: Basic Wind Speed
FIGURE 6-1a: Western Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Coastline
FIGURE 6-1b: Eastern Gulf & Southeastern U.S. Hurricane Coastline
FIGURE 6-1c: Mid and Northern Atlantic Hurricane Coastline