Natural Language Processing (NLP):

 NLP is a field of artificial intelligence focusing on the interaction between computers and human language. It aims to enable machines to understand,
interpret, and generate human language for practical applications.
2. Part-of-Speech Tagging (POS Tagging):

 POS tagging is a task in NLP where grammatical categories (e.g., nouns, verbs) are assigned to words in a sentence, aiding in syntactic analysis and language
understanding.
3. Tokenization:

 Tokenization is the process of breaking text into individual units (tokens), such as words or sentences, serving as the basic units for subsequent NLP analysis.
4. Parsing:

 Parsing involves analyzing the grammatical structure of a sentence to understand how its components relate, creating a hierarchical representation for
further linguistic insights.
5. Segmentation:

 Segmentation is the division of continuous text into meaningful units (e.g., sentences or paragraphs), facilitating focused analysis in various NLP applications.
6. Recognition:

 Recognition encompasses tasks like named entity recognition (identifying entities) and speech recognition (converting spoken language to text), involving
the identification of specific patterns or entities in input data.
7. Cleaning and Normalization:

 Cleaning and normalization involve preparing text data by removing irrelevant elements (cleaning) and standardizing formats or representations
(normalization) to enhance consistency and improve NLP model performance.
NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit):
8. Definition: NLTK is a specific Python library designed to facilitate the development of programs for natural language processing. It provides tools and
resources for various linguistic tasks, making it easier for developers and researchers to work with human language data in Python.
 WordNet Interface: NLTK includes an interface to WordNet, a lexical database of the English language. It can be used for synonym and antonym lookups, as
well as exploring semantic relationships between words.

Python has become a prominent language for machine learning (ML) and deep learning due to its simplicity, versatility, and the availability of numerous libraries and
frameworks. Here's an overview of some popular Python ML and deep learning toolkits:

1. NumPy and SciPy:

 Purpose: Foundation for numerical and scientific computing in Python.

 Key Features: Multi-dimensional arrays, linear algebra, statistical functions.

2. Pandas:

 Purpose: Data manipulation and analysis.

 Key Features: Data structures (DataFrame, Series), data cleaning, and exploration.
3. Scikit-learn:

 Purpose: General-purpose ML library for classical ML algorithms.

 Key Features: Classification, regression, clustering, dimensionality reduction.

4. TensorFlow:

 Purpose: Deep learning framework developed by Google.

 Key Features: Versatile for building and training deep neural networks, supports both low-level and high-level APIs.
5. Keras:

 Purpose: High-level neural networks API (can run on top of TensorFlow, Theano, or Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit).

 Key Features: Simplifies the process of building and training neural networks.
6. PyTorch:

 Purpose: Deep learning framework developed by Facebook.

 Key Features: Dynamic computation graph, popular in research settings, easy to understand and debug.

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