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Conviction 11 languages

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See also
Not to be confused with indictment or convection.
References "Convicted" redirects here. For other uses, see Convicted (disambiguation) and Conviction (disambiguation).

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Find sources: "Conviction" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2019)

In law, a conviction is the determination by a court of law that a defendant is guilty of a crime.[1] A Criminal procedure
conviction may follow a guilty plea that is accepted by the court, a jury trial in which a verdict of guilty is
Criminal trials and convictions
delivered, or a trial by judge in which the defendant is found guilty.
Rights of the accused
Fair trial · Pre-trial · Speedy trial · Jury trial ·
The opposite of a conviction is an acquittal (that is, "not guilty"). In Scotland, there can also be a verdict of
Counsel · Presumption of innocence ·
"not proven", which is considered an acquittal. Sometimes, despite a defendant being found guilty, the Exclusionary rule1 · Self-incrimination ·
court may order that the defendant not be convicted. This is known as a discharge and is used in countries Double jeopardy2 · Bail · Appeal
including England, Wales, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Verdict
Conviction · Acquittal · Not proven3 ·
In any criminal justice system, innocent people are sometimes convicted. Appeal mechanisms and post Directed verdict
conviction relief procedures may help to address this issue to some extent. An error leading to the Sentencing
conviction of an innocent person is known as a miscarriage of justice. In some judicial systems, the Mandatory · Suspended · Custodial · Periodic ·
Discharge · Guidelines · Guilt
prosecution may appeal acquittals; while in others, this is prohibited under double jeopardy protections.
Totality5, 6 · Dangerous offender4, 5
Capital punishment · Execution warrant
After a defendant is convicted, the court determines the appropriate sentence as a punishment. In addition
Cruel and unusual punishment
to the sentence, a conviction can also have other consequences, known as collateral consequences of Imprisonment · Life imprisonment ·
criminal charges. These can include impacts on employment, housing, the right to travel to other countries, Indefinite imprisonment · Three-strikes law
and other areas of an individual's life. Post-sentencing
Parole · Probation · Tariff 6 · Life licence6 ·
A minor conviction is a warning conviction that does not affect the defendant but serves as a warning. Criminal justice · Exoneration ·
[citation needed] Habitual offender · Miscarriage of justice ·
Pardon · Recidivism · Rehabilitation ·
Restorative justice · Sex offender registry ·
A person's history of convictions is known as their antecedents or "previous" in the United Kingdom and
Sexually violent predator laws1
"priors" in the United States and Australia.
Related areas of law
Civil procedure · Criminal defenses ·
See also [ edit ] Criminal law · Evidence
Portals
Convict
Law portal
Verdict
1
US courts · 2 Not in English/Welsh courts · 3 Scottish courts ·

References [ edit ] 4
English/Welsh courts · 5 Canadian courts · 6 UK courts

1. ^ Garner, Bryan A., ed. (2019). Black's law dictionary (11th ed.). St. Paul, Minn.: West Group. · ·

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Categories: Common law legal terminology Criminal law legal terminology Criminal law

This page was last edited on 28 October 2023, at 13:38 (UTC).

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