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Lecture Sheet
HSC

First &
Second Paper
Writing
Section

Table of Contents
English 1st Paper
Serial Topic
1. Writing Paragraph
2. Completing Story
3. E-mail Or, Informal Letter Writing
4. Graph & Chart
5. Appreciating Short Story/Poem
Table of Contents
English 2nd Paper
Serial Topic
1. Application Writing
2. Report Writing
3. Paragraph Writing
4. Composition Writing

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 English First Paper
English 'The Schoolboy'
Summary Writing First Paper by William Blake
Ah then at times I drooping sit,
Summary Writing (Textual Poems)
And spend many an anxious hour;
01 Write a summary of the following poem.
Nor in my book can I take delight,
The Traffic Police
Nor sit in learning's bower,
Amidst killer speeds I stand
Facing the traffic, stretching my hand. Worn through with the dreary shower.
I am seen on kid's books and as cartoons everywhere How can the bird that is born for joy
Educating people and asking them to beware Sit in a cage and sing?
Of the erratic traffic and the signboards How can a child, when fears annoy,
Seen on almost all the roads. But droop his tender wing,
So that you're safe I see each one of you And forget his youthful spring! ...................
But my sweat, my plight on the road sees who? Answer :
Be it sunny or rainy, William Blake was a romantic and mystic poet of the late 18th
For your safety I must be century. Here the poet draws the picture of a schoolboy who
Vigil and agile, on the middle wants to live in youthful joy but faces drudgery and annoyance
Standing erect, as fit as a fiddle. at school. At a school, a child has to suffer from fear and
.......................................... anxiety. There he/ she drowses and sweats. As a bird born for
Answer joy does not love a cage, a child also does not like an unfriendly
A traffic police is a very dutiful and hard working person. He environment of traditional school at all. A school deprives a
stands amid the speedy movement of vehicles on the road. He child of all childhood dreams and glee.
does this risky and sweating job for the public safety. But people 05 Write a summary of the following poem.
do not understand and properly evaluate his work. The poet
wants to honour the traffic police, who makes an important role
'The Schoolboy'
in the society inspite of being deprived. by William Blake
02 Write a summary of the following poem. O father and mother if buds are nipped,
Love and Friendship And blossoms blown away;
by William Shakespeare And if the tender plants are stripped
Blow, blow, thou winter wind, Of their joy in the springing day,
Thou art not so unkind By sorrow and care's dismay,
As man's ingratitude; How shall the summer arise in joy,
Thy tooth is not so keen, Or the summer fruits appear?
Because thou art not seen, Or how shall we gather what griefs destroy,
Although thy breath be rude. Or bless the mellowing year,
Heigh-ho! sing heigh-ho! unto the green holly: When the blasts of winter appear?
Most friendship is feigning, most loving mere folly : Answer
Then heigh-ho, the holly! The poet addresses the parents to be sympathetic to their
This life is most jolly.............................. children. He tells the parents if buds are nipped and blossoms are
Answer blown away, buds and blossoms will die untimely death.
It is a song taken from William Shakespeare's play As You Like Likewise, if children are deprived of their joy and sent to a
It. Here the poet thinks that human friendship is feigning and school of cruel environment, they will lose all their innocence
hypocritical. It has no depth or significance. So he glorifies and lead a joyless life. Without summer fruits, summer will not
winter wind and invites it to blow. He thinks that winter wind is
have any joy. Likewise, joyless school life turns a child's joy of
not as unkind as man's ingratitude. That's why, he prefers winter
summer into the blasts of winter.
wind, which has no sensation to human beings.
03 Write a summary of the following poem. 06 Write a summary of the following poem.
'The Schoolboy' 'Out, Out-'
by William Blake by Robert Frost
The buzz saw snarled and rattled in the yard
I love to rise in a summer morn,
And made dust and dropped stove-length sticks of wood,
When the birds sing on every tree;
Sweet-scented stuff when the breeze drew across it.
The distant huntsman winds his horn,
And from there those that lifted eyes could count
And the skylark sings with me :
Five mountain ranges one behind the other
O what sweet company!
But to go to school in a summer morn,- Under the sunset far into Vermont.
O it drives all joy away! And the saw snarled and rattled, snarled and rattled,
Under a cruel eye outworn, As it ran light, or had to bear a load........................
The little ones spend the day Answer :
In sighing and dismay................. The poem "Out, Out" depicts the social realities of Robert
Frost's time. At first we see that the saw is a machine making
Answer
The poet tells the reader about the innocence and tenderness of animal noises "snarling" and "rattling". The first few lines
childhood. Children naturally love a summer morning, birds' narrate the setting of the poem. When the wind blows, the dust is
chirping, huntsmen's horns and skylarks' songs. School going a sweet scented stuff. If a person were to look around the scene,
children cannot enjoy these because they have to go to school in the he would encounter the beauty of Vermont and the five
morning. They have to pass the school time in sighing and dismay. mountains. The saw continues running and making sounds.
A traditional school deprives a child of all its innocence and joy.
07 Write a summary of the following poem.
04 Write a summary of the following poem.
'Out, Out-'
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 by Robert Frost of Bengal. The poet wants to see a glorious Bengal, a country
Call it a day, I wish they might have said that had high glory in the antiquity. That was a Bengal of Chand
To please the boy by giving him the half hour Saudagar and Behula. Besides, the natural landscape of Bengal
That a boy counts so much when saved from work. makes it a beautiful country. That's why, having been born in
His sister stood beside him in her apron this country, the poet wishes to see no more country of the
To tell them 'Supper,' At the word, the saw, world. He expresses both his pride and sorrow concerning this
As if to prove saws knew what supper meant,
country.
Leaped out at the boy's hand, or seemed to leap-
He must have given the hand. However it was, 10 Write a summary of the following poem.
Neither refused the meeting, But the hand! 'Dreams'
The boy's first outcry was a rueful laugh,.............. by D.H. Lawrence
Answer All people dream, but not equally.
The above lines are an exquisite piece of literary work that Those who dream by night in the dusty recesses of their mind,
provides social realities. The day was almost over. The narrator Wake in the morning to find that it was vanity.
wishes that the boy could have stopped half an hour early so that But the dreamers of the day are dangerous people,
he could do what boys like to do. The boy's sister came with the For they dream their dreams with open eyes,
supper. Right then the saw acted as though it knew what supper And make them come true.
means. The boy did not pay attention and put his hand into the Answer
saw and the saw completed its supper. The poem "Dreams" written by D.H. Lawrence is a short poem
08 Write a summary of the following poem. about the types of dreams. Here he expresses his valuable
'Out, Out-'
thought what he thinks about different kinds of dreams. To the
by Robert Frost
........."Don't let him cut my hand off............... poet everyone's dreams are not the same. People who dream at
The doctor, when he comes. Don't let him, sister!" night while sleeping forget everything in the next morning. This
So. But the hand was gone already. kind of dream comes from the nasty regions of their mind. They
The doctor put him in the dark of ether. take no initiatives to make them come true. They are all hollow
He lay and puffed his lips out with his breath. inside. But there are some other dreamers who are dangerous.
And then-the watcher at his pulse took fright. These dangerous dreamers dream during day time. These people
No one believed. They listened at his heart. dream keeping their eyes open and make them come true.
Little-less-nothing!-and that ended it. 11 Write a summary of the following poem.
No more to build on there, And they, since they 'Dreams'
Were not the one dead, turned to their affairs. by Langston Hughes
Answer : Hold fast to dreams
Unfortunately this little boy had been doing a job that is for the
For if dreams die
adults. He was too small to use such dangerous piece of
Life is a broken-winged bird
equipment. He cried out and requested his sister not to let the
doctor cut off his hand. But the hand was already gone. The That cannot fly.
doctor gave him anesthesia. The boy was having trouble in Hold fast to dreams
breathing. Slowly, the boy's breathing lessened. The boy died For when dreams go
but life goes on. Since the people who were a part of his life Life is a barren field
could do nothing, they went on with their works. Frozen with snow.
Answer
09 Write a summary of the following poem. "Dreams" is an extremely short poem by Langston Hughes
I Have Seen Bengal's Face written in free verse. The poet in this poem suggests his readers
Translation of Jibanananda Das to hold on tightly to their dreams. According to the poet if
"Banglar Mukh Ami Dekhiachhi" by Fakrul Alam dreams die, life will be like a bird with damaged wings that
Because I have seen Bengal's face I will seek no more; cannot fly. When dreams go away, life is a "barren field"
The world has not anything more beautiful to show me. covered with frozen snow.
Waking up in darkness, gazing at the fig-tree, I behold
12 Write a summary of the following poem.
Dawn's swallows roosting under huge umbrella-like leaves. I
'The Lake Isle of Innisfree'
look around me
And discover a leafy dome-Jam, Kanthal, Bat, Hijol and by W.B. Yeats
Aswatha trees- I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,
All in a hush, shadowing clumps of cactus and zedoary bushes. And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made;
When long, long ago, Chand came in his honeycombed boat Nine bean rows will I have there, a hive for the honey bee
To a blue Hijal, Bat and Tamal shade near the Champa, he too And live alone in the bee loud glade.
sighted
Bengal's incomparable beauty. One day, alas. In the Ganguri, And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes
On a raft, as the waning moon sank on the river's sandbanks, dropping slow
Behula too saw countless aswaths bats besides golden rice fields Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket
And heard the thrush's soft song. One day, arriving in Amara, sings;
Where gods held court, when she danced like a desolate wagtail, There midnight's all a glimmer, and noon a purple glow,
Bengal's rivers, fields, flowers, wailed like strings of bells on her
And evening full of the linnet's wings.......................
feet.
Answer Answer :
W.B. Yeats is a modernist poet. He was born in a world of
Jibanananda Das here describes the beauty as well as lost glory
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turmoil and frustration. The world was inflicted by horseback into the "valley of death" for about one and a half
mechanisation, hatred and war. Especially people were tired of miles. The soldiers were obeying a command to charge the
the mechanised and prosaic town-life. In the cities, people lost enemy. It was a death mission, they knew. All the soldiers
all human compassions and conscience. That's why, the poet has realized that their commander had made a terrible mistake. But
expressed his own dream to go to the lake island Innisfree, a not a single soldier felt discouraged or distressed knowing the
village, where he will have a peaceful life. There he will live fact. The role of the soldier is to obey and 'not to make reply',
amid bean rows, bee hives, crickets' songs and linnets' wings. He 'not to reason why'. So they followed orders and rode into the
will get relieved of the drudgery of city life and find real peace. "valley of death".
13 Write a summary of the following poem. 16 Write a summary of the following poem.
B. From 'September 1, 1939' The Charge of the Light Brigade
by W. H. Auden by Lord Alfred Tennyson
I sit on one of the dives ..............................
On Fifty-second Street Plunged in the battery-smoke
Uncertain and afraid Right thro' the line they broke;
As the clever hopes expire. Cossack and Russian
Of a low dishonest decade: Reel'd from the sabre-stroke
Waves of anger and fear Shatter'd and sunder'd.
Circulate over the bright Then they rode back, but not
And darkened lands of the earth, Not the six hundred.
Obsessing our private lives; Cannon to right of them,
The unmentionable odour of death Cannon to left of them,
Offends the September night. Cannon behind them
Answer Volley'd and thunder'd
In the poem, "September 1, 1939," the poet W.H. Auden .............................
describes the brutality of impending World War II. On Answer
September 1, 1939, he was in a dive bar in New York City. Here The poem tells the story of the Crimean War that took place
he expresses his mental fear regarding the war. Here he between Russia and the British empire. The light Brigade
describes what the war will bring. Because of the war all the consisting of 600 soldiers rode into the death valley. They
good hopes are gone. There is anger and fear all around. The moved right through the smoke coming from the cannons. They
bright future will be destroyed and the earth will turn into a dark even broke through the line. They were small in number but they
land. Private lives will be disrupted and there will be shattered and sundered the enemies. The soldiers were
unmentionable odour of death with the outbreak of the war. surrounded by the enemies cannon from their left, right and
14 Write a summary of the following poem. back. In spite of this, they fought bravely forcing the Cossacks
The Charge of the Light Brigade and the Russians back.
by Lord Alfred Tennyson 17 Write a summary of the following poem.
Half a league, half a league, 'She Walks in Beauty'
Half a league onward, by Lord Byron
All in the valley of Death, She walks in beauty, like the night
Rode the six hundred. Of cloudless climes and starry skies;
'Forward, the Light Brigade!' And all that's best of dark and bright
Charge for the guns' he said: Meet in her aspect and her eyes :
Into the valley of Death Thus mellowed to that tender light
Rode the six hundred. ................ Which heaven to gaudy day denies.
Answer ................................
"The Charge of the Light Brigade" is a well known poem of Answer
Lord Alfred Tennyson. The poem tells the story of a brigade "She Walks in Beauty" is written by Lord Byron. The poem is
who rode on horseback into the "valley of death" for half a about an unnamed woman. She is really very beautiful. The poet
league (about one and a half miles). The brigade consists of 600 here compares her to lots of beautiful things but the things are
soldiers. They were obeying a command to charge the enemy 'dark like night' and 'starry skies'. The poet compares the beauty
forces that had been seizing their guns. Though it was a death of the woman to the cloudless night which has lots of stars.
mission, not a single soldier was discouraged or distressed by According to the poet "all that's best of dark and bright" are parts
the command to charge forward. of her aspects and eyes. Byron again says that she has a perfect
15 Write a summary of the following poem. balance of beauty.
The Charge of the Light Brigade 18 Write a summary of the following poem.
by Lord Alfred Tennyson 'I Died For Beauty'
'Forward, the Light Brigade!' by Emily Dickinson
Was there a man dismay'd? I died for beauty, but was scarce
Not tho' the soldiers knew Adjusted in the tomb,
Some one had blunder'd: When one who died for truth was lain
Theirs not to make reply, In an adjoining room.
Theirs not to reason why, He questioned softly why I failed?
Theirs but to do and die: 'For beauty,' I replied.
Into the valley of Death 'And I for truth- the two are one;
Rode the six hundred. We brethren are,' he said.
Answer And so, as kinsmen met a-night,
This is a poem about the courage of 600 soldiers who rode on We talked between the rooms,
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 Until the moss had reached our lips, frustration. There are a great variety of reasons behind drug
And covered up our names. addiction. Frustration due to unemployment, political anarchy,
Answer lack of family ties and lack of love and affection is the main
The speaker says that she died for beauty. She is not alone. There cause of drug addiction. Drugs create some kind of dream like
lay a man next to her who died for truth. The man asked her why feelings and the drug-takers forget everything for some moments
she died and the reply was that she died for beauty. And the man and live in a world of hallucination. Drug addiction causes a lot
told that he for truth. The man declared that Truth and Beauty are of harms not only to the addicts but also to the society and
the same and so he and the speaker are "brethren". The speaker nation as a whole. Drugs tell upon the human body terribly. The
says that they met at night, "as kinsmen", and talked between their addicts feel drowsy and his nervous system gradually becomes
tombs until the moss reached their lips and covered up the names weak causing damage to their brain which leads to decay and
on their tombstones. death. When the addicts fail to arrange money for buying drugs,
they commit various kinds of social crimes and become
English dependent on others. Both the government and non-government
Paragraph Writing First Paper agencies including the parents may cure the addicts and help
them to live a happy and peaceful life in the society.
The Significance of the 7th March Speech Climate change
The 7th March 1971 is a memorable day in the history of the
Changes in the earth‘s weather including changes in
Bengali nation. On this day Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
temperature, wind patterns and rainfall refer to as climate
Rahman, the founding father of the nation, gave a historical
change. Climate change is a long term change in weather
speech that directed the whole nation in those days of turmoil
and unrest. The West Pakistanis had been exploiting the patterns over a long period of time. It is now a major global
Bengalis since the emergence of the state Pakistan in 1947. The concern. Greenhouse gases that include carbon dioxide, methane
Bengalis were deprived in economic, political and cultural life. and CFC are the main causes of this climate change. Our
After 24 years of treachery and discrimination, the Bengali atmosphere which is guarded by an ozone layer resists the
nationalist party Awami League won the parliamentary election. entrance of ultra-violet rays from the sun causing greenhouse
But the rulers decided not to let them form the government of effect. Climate change is the worst of all the problems that affect
the country. It infuriated the entire Bengali nation. Amid anger all the flora and fauna of the environment. Bangladesh, being a
and protest, Bangabandhu gave this epoch-making speech at the low-lying land, may become the worst victim of it. There are
Race Course Maidan on the 7th March. He said it was the time many plants and animals that are vulnerable to climate change.
of struggle for emancipation and independence, and the nation The summer and rainy seasons are already prolonging and
must fight for that mission. He called the nation for not winter is shrinking. The river banks are being eroded and crop
cooperating with the Pakistanis, for not giving them taxes, and land is being reduced. Besides, saline water is intruding into the
for not attending offices. Bangabandhu's speech worked as a big rivers in the coastal areas resulting in damage to farm lands.
inspiration for the nation. It motivated people to sacrifice theirMoreover, floods, droughts and other disasters hit the country
lives for the cause of the freedom of our motherland. Thus more frequently nowadays. Over the past century, sea level has
Bangabandhu's 7th March speech has become immortal in the risen by 10 to 20 centimetres as a result of global warming. The
national history. Sundarbans, world‘s largest mangrove forest is also at severe
Environment Pollution risk. All these lead to more landless people and climate refugees
Environmental pollution refers to the pollution of natural in the country.
conditions, land, air and water in which human beings, animals
and plants live. There are various types of pollution in the
Food Adulteration
environment. Air pollution, water pollution, sound pollution, Food adulteration means making food or drink less pure by
arsenic pollution are some of them. Air is being polluted by the adding or mixing another substance to it. Nowadays foods are
emission of harmful smoke. Mills and factories, vehicles with often adulterated. In hotels and restaurants stale and rotten foods
engines produce carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and many are mixed with fresh food and served to the customers. Fish and
other poisonous gases. By inhaling this polluted air, people vegetables are adulterated by putting on them chemicals and
suffer from various diseases. Water is polluted very easily. other preservatives in order to make them look fresh. Bakery and
Human waste and industrial waste are greatly responsible for confectionery products are also prepared by using toxic
water pollution. Farmers use pesticides and chemicals for substances and thus they get adulterated. Junk food contains
producing crops. Floods and rain water wash these materials into harmful chemicals. Even fruits, milk and beverages are
ponds, rivers and other sources of water and by drinking this adulterated. In fact all kinds of foods and food articles are
polluted water, people become sick. Again sound is polluted if it adulterated by dishonest and greedy businessmen and shop
is above 70 decibel. Most of the vehicles use hydrolic horns keepers for quick and unearned profit. Adulterated foods are a
which produce unbearable sound. Nowadays arsenic pollution is serious health hazard. They cause many fatal diseases and even
increasing alarmingly. If we don't take step to prevent these death. They are the cause behind thousands of people suffering
pollutions, our life on earth will be hellish. We should make from cancer, kidney failure, heart problems and other diseases.
everybody aware of the harmful effects of these pollutions. This According to a survey report, nearly 40% of 82 samples of milk,
is not all. Punishment should be given to those bad people who milk products, fish, fruits and vegetables have been found
are directly involved with environmental pollution.
contaminated in different areas of Dhaka city. Public awareness
Drug addiction should be created so that they become careful about buying
Drug addiction, as curse in modern age leads to an untimely
foods and food articles. Besides, the criminals have to be
miserable death of the addicts. Drug addiction is the habit of
identified and punished. The relevant department of the
using non-prescribed medicine for exciting feelings. Opium,
government should remain ever vigilant against food
hemp, heroine, morphine, yaba, phensidyl etc. are the main
drugs taken in our country. Drug addiction is the habit of taking adulteration and gear up their activities.
an excess of drug for no physical disease but to get rid of Digital Bangladesh

 n h e i j English  5
'Digital Bangladesh' means digitalizing Bangladesh by ensuring adopts obligations and duties to protect and fulfill its human
an ICT based society where information will be available on line rights. People all over the world struggle for establishing
and where all possible tasks of the government and other non- fundamental human rights. But unfortunately people are yet to
government or semi-government will be performed using digital overcome the barriers to human rights. Bangladesh emerged as
technology. The benefits of Digital Bangladesh are many. If we an independent state as a result of a fight against violation of
can establish a digital Bangladesh, corruption will be absolutely human rights by the Pakistanis in different ways. In spite of
eradicated. It will save people's time and money and will make having enough potential for progress and prosperity, our country
people more enterprising. It will connect people with the whole is still fighting against humiliating poverty and illiteracy. These
world economically, politically, socially, academically and even two are perhaps the most powerful enemies of human rights. As
culturally. It will modernize banking and financial activities. a result, most of the people are unable to speak and think freely.
Agriculture, health, education, commerce all these sectors will It is essential that people need freedom to exercise their rights.
be highly benefited by making Bangladesh a digital one. The But in our country they are often neglected by the established
government has to take certain initiatives for implementing this politics and socio-economic activities. Yet, there is ample scope
dream. First of all, uninterrupted power supply has to be for improvement in the status of human rights.
ensured. We have to develop computer network infrastructures Dowry System
throughout the country. We also have to train our people to Dowry is an unexpected custom in our society. Like other social
acquire ICT skill and ensure equitable access to digital evils, it is a curse. At present, it is practised in both educated and
governance services by all strata of the society. It will be no uneducated families. Guardians buy bridegrooms for their
exaggeration if we say that the implementation of a digital daughters by offering money, jewellery and furniture. Greed for
Bangladesh can help our country make progress in all sectors by money and wealth is the main cause of dowry. Most of the
leaps and bounds. It is hoped that Bangladesh will be fully bridegrooms think that it is their right to have money and wealth
digitalised by 2041. when they marry because they have a negative attitude towards
Diaspora women. Bridegrooms think that as they provide women with
The word 'diaspora' means those people who have left their everything, they must pay for the establishment of their
homelands and settled in other parts of the world, either because husbands. This evil practice affects our society very much. It
they were forced to leave their homeland or they liked to live in creates panic in the mind of the guardians who have daughters
their own way. The word is used for a collective group or a yet to marry. Very often in newspaper, we read about untold
community. The world has seen many great diasporas. Among torture women have to face for the non-payment of dowry. As a
those, the Jewish people are historically notable, who were conscious citizen, I greatly oppose this system. It should be
forced to leave their lands in ancient times. The Aryans who eliminated as soon as possible. We have to create awareness
moved from the central Europe to the Indian subcontinent is among people about its bad effect in the society. Female persons
another important diaspora in history. But the causes of this should be aware of their dignity and right. They have to be
diaspora are unknown. The Palestinian diaspora attracted a lot of educated and contribute to their family as much as possible. If
interests in the last century. They are a cause of concern for the this is done, this social curse can be eliminated.
world leaders due to their plight. War or the ravages of nature The Sundarbans and the Royal Bengal Tiger
have created a massive African diaspora, too. But the major The Sundarbans is a vast mangrove forest shared by Bangladesh
cause of so much concerns of diaspora in the modern world is and India, across the coastline of the Bay of Bengal. The forest
globalization. is famous as a habitat of our national beast Royal Bengal Tiger.
Uses and Abuses of Cell Phone But it is an alarming news that 71% of the forest's coastline is
Cell Phone is a great invention of modern science. It is called so retreating by nearly 200 meters a year as a result of soil erosion.
because a user can carry it wherever he goes out. It has made the If it continues, tigers' existence will be at stake. The causes of
interpersonal communication very easy and fast. One can this erosion are increasing storm, surges and other extreme
communicate with the expected person within a few seconds natural events, rises in sea-level and increased salinity that
through a mobile phone. Business communication has become makes mangroves vulnerable. This rapid retreating of coastline
easier because of the use of this device and all steps of life are cannot be accounted by the regular dynamics of the Sundarbans.
benefited by it. It is also helpful for the students. They can get Thus the forest is now a critical tiger habitat. The forest is
suggestion of their studies from their friends and teachers. So the known for vanishing islands but the scientists said the current
number of consumers of mobile phone is increasing day by day. retreat of the mangrove forests on the coastline is not normal. As
Today, more than 100 million people in Bangladesh and over 4.6 human development thrives, and global temperature continues to
billion people around the world use cell phones. It spreads so rise, natural protection from tidal waves and cyclones are
fast that it is now considered one of the greatest inventions of all lessening at an alarming rate. This will inevitably lead to species
time. It makes the world smaller and brings all closer. But it is loss in this richly biodiverse part of the world. It is one of the
unfortunate that it has some negative aspects too. Criminals also few forests that can hold several hundred tigers. So it is now
use it for their activities. It causes some health hazard. Scientists vitally necessary to save this forest for saving the majestic
believe that it causes brain tumors by its invisible and Bengal Tigers from extinction.
uncontrolled radio activity. Specially the pregnant women and Folk Music
children should not use it at all. In spite of all these, mobile Folk music means that type of ancient music that springs from
phone is a blessing for us. the heart of a community, based on their natural style of
Human Rights expression uninfluenced by classical music or modern popular
Human rights are the rights that are inherent in all human beings songs. A combination of folk song, folk dance and folk tune can
in spite of their different identities. The basic or fundamental be called folk music, for example– Baul songs. The rural folk
rights include human's social rights, civil rights, political rights, compose folk music on the basis of ancient rules transmitted
cultural rights, religious rights and economic rights etc. orally. Folk songs are composed and performed by illiterate or
Everyone has the right to keep one's privacy, honour, semi-literate people, either in groups or individually. It is a
nationality, family, freedom of thought and expression, spontaneous expression in easy language, local dialect and
association, and suffrage. Each and every country of the world simple tune. Bangladesh has a rich tradition of folk music. These
 n h e i j English  6
songs tell about social inequality and poverty, about the material changes in lifestyle and material conditions are expected to have
world and the supernatural. Our folk music varies from region to their influence on craftworks and their production. But
region. They are classified into Bhawaiya, Bhatiyali, Baul, craftworks face some problems in this era. Its future is under
Murshidi, Marfati, Kabigan, Leto, Alkap, Gambhira etc. Folk threat due to industrialization and meachanization. Now, crafts
songs have been written on the culture, festivals, views of life, that are disappearing should be revived. Nowadays, even when
natural beauty, rivers and rural life. Some song-writers have the market is an important factor, community aesthetics
composed mystical songs using the metaphors of rivers and determine the form and content of the work. Craftworks like
boats. Bhatiyali is an important genre of folk music in this dolls reflect community aesthetics so much that the market
riverine country. Tribes like Santal, Garo, Hajong, Chakma, cannot impose its preference on them. Craftworks are dynamic
Manipuri, Tripura, Marma etc. have their own folk music. All objects, always evolving and abreast of changing tastes and
those forms of music have enriched our culture. preferences. As a result, their demand still remains throughout
Adolescence the country and beyond.
Children pass through several stages to become adult. There are Conflict
four or five stages of growth: infancy, early childhood, later Conflict means a disagreement among groups or individuals
childhood, and adolescence. There are some who try to act older characterized by antagonism and hostility. It is mainly caused by
than their age. But most persons go through these stages the opposition of one party to another, and it comes as a result of
whatever their economic or social status is. Adolescence one party's attempt to reach an objective different from the other
generally covers from 13 to 18 years of age of a person. During party's goal. Conflict is an inevitable part of life, as all of us
this phase, one experiences critical transition like growing from possess our own opinions, ideas and sets of beliefs. We have our
childhood to adulthood and puberty. However, many adolescents own ways of thinking and we act accordingly. As a result, we
face pressure to become alcoholic, drug-addict or chain-smoker find ourselves in conflict in different scenarios with other
that creates their health problems. These practices put them to individuals or groups of people. Then conflict influences our
high risk for intentional and unintentional injuries, unintended actions and decisions. A clash of thoughts and ideas is a part of
pregnancies and infections from HIV. These exert long-lasting the human experience; so conflict comes naturally. It can be
effects on future health and well-being. They are not fully seen as an opportunity for learning and understanding our
capable of understanding sexual practices and this incapability differences. Again, conflict in the human world may concern
may make them particularly vulnerable to sexual exploitation either economy or value or power. It can be interpersonal or
and high-risk behaviours. Moreover, laws and policies often intrapersonal, intergroup or intragroup. Interpersonal conflict
restrict unmarried adolescents' access to reproductive issues. For means a conflict between two persons. Intrapersonal conflict
a solution, what older ones should do is to change their outlook occurs within an individual and takes place in a person's mind.
about the adolescents and youths, treat them properly and also Intragroup conflict happens among individuals within a team.
talk to them about various personal problems with an open up And intergroup conflict is seen among teams within an
mind. They should go forward with a new look to build up them organization. We can all live in harmony despite conflicts if we
for the sake of the country's welfare. know how to manage these issues.
Etiquette and Manners The Victory Day
There are two terms to describe our social behaviour — Bangladesh is not a very aged country though in this short span
'etiquette' and 'manners'. The first one is a French word. of time many significant events took place in its history. The
Etiquette means the rules of correct behaviour in society. 16th December is the Victory Day of Bangladesh. The day is a
Etiquette and good manners are essential to any civilization. red-letter day in the life history of Bangladesh. On this day in
Over the years the great people of the world have emphasized on 1971, we gained triumph at the cost of a bloodstained war and
etiquette and good manners. Good manners make you a person, Bangladesh came into being. About three million people
while etiquette makes you socially acceptable. Etiquettes help including more than two lac women scarified their lives for the
you gain respect in society as well as in family. It is important to sake of independence of our country. The day reminds us of the
say 'please', 'thank you', 'pardon me', 'excuse me', 'may I' etc in sacrifices of our valiant freedom fighters. We commemorate the
everyday life. Family is the best institution for children to learn paramount (Pig) sacrifice of the brave sons who died for the
etiquette. Here children learn to respect the decision of all other country and pay gleaming acclaim to their deceased soul. The
family members. They also put into practice the foundation of day begins with gunshot and the whole country wears a festive
all social etiquette here. Social etiquette means how you behave look. The national flag is hoisted on the top of each house. Many
with your friends, neighbours and strangers. If you show respect meetings, seminars, symposiums and discussions are held.
and be well mannered with your friends and neighbours, you are People of all walks of life go to the national mausoleum and
sure to be in list of their favourite persons. They will trust you offer flowers there as a symbol of our profound homage to the
and care about you. We should remember that nowadays martyred valiant soldiers. This day is a day of great joy, hope
everyone observes us. We not only represent ourselves and our and inspiration. This victory symbolizes victory against inequity,
family but also our society, our nation. So it is important to be oppression and falsehood. This day will remain ever fresh and
well mannered and have the proper sense of etiquette. evergreen in the heart of each and every Bangladeshi.
Crafts of Bangladesh Modern Technology
A craftwork is an applied form of art. It is a social and cultural Present age is the age of science and technology. Modern
product reflecting the inclusive nature of folk imagination. A technology is a great blessing for present civilization. We see the
craftwork, though doesn't bear the maker's signature, retains a use of modern technology in every sphere of our life. We can't
personal touch. 'Nakshikantha' is a fine example of Bangladeshi think of our modern life without science and technology.
craftwork. We wonder at a Nakshikantha for its artistic Technology is being used in industry, communication, medical
ingenuity. Our personal ignorance of the artist of a craftwork treatment, household activities etc. Use of technology has made
doesn't diminish his/ her worth. A craftwork is shaped by the our life easy and more comfortable. Modern technology has
interaction of individual creativity and community aesthetics, turned the world into a global village. With the blessings of
utility functions and also human values. A craftwork also mobile phone, internet, television, computer we can know in an
represents a way of life and a cultural flavour. That's why instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world. We
 n h e i j English  7
can communicate with anyone living at any place in the world not confined to his textbooks. He takes interest in current affairs
within seconds. Medical technology has advanced to a great and often discusses with me about important issues of the day.
extent. It is being used in diagnosing and curing very complex He is tolerant, broadminded and co-operative. He is also fond of
diseases. Sophisticated plane, rocket, ship etc. are the gifts of seeing movies in theater. Sometimes he compels me to
modern technology. Mills and factories are manufacturing accompany him even though I have seen that particular movie.
various things very quickly. Mobile phone and computer are In fact, nobody is absolutely free from shortcomings. I allow
certainly most wonderful invention of science. Besides, him to enjoy such liberties and he does not cross the limit. He is
communication between person to person, we can enjoy various a very good cricket player. He is a well-mannered boy. I am
things on these two wonderful scientific devices. Technology really proud of him.
has made the impossible things possible. In a word, it is the life Internet
and soul of modern civilization. Internet, the latest and most wonderful means of worldwide
Celebration of Pahela Baishakh communication, is a computer-based global network system that
Culture is the way we lead our life. Every nation has a culture of has created a great revolution in the world. It is the cheapest and
its own. Pahela Baishakh, the first day of Bangla New Year is a fastest means of communication for business and commerce.
part and parcel of Bengali culture. It is celebrated throughout the The information system of the world has become globalized
country with great festivity and fervour. The day's first with the magical touch of internet. Like a spider-web the internet
programme begins at Ramna Batamul. Wearing punjabi and has spread its interconnected link with tens, hundreds or even
pajama people of different ages and classes attend the thousands of computers. Internet has brought new opportunities
programme. Chhayanat, a cultural organization performs there. to government, education and business. In the developed
They sing in chorus (`jxq Mvb) welcoming the Bangla New countries teachers send every study material and course to every
Year. A procession is brought out carrying festoons, posters, individual student through internet. Picture, data and many other
banners, placards. The participants dance and sing wearing things also can be sent through internet. If one wants to use
masks. The Shilpakala Academy, Jatiya Press Club and many internet, one has to learn how to operate it. Firstly, the user
other socio-cultural organizations arrange cultural and needs a particular software to install in his computer. Next, he
discussion programmes. Bangladesh television and Bangladesh has to click on the browsing icon where a space for writing the
Betar telecast live programmes. The national dailies bring out address on the web page will appear. One can go for a searching
special supplements highlighting the significance of the day. The engine in order to find a particular web page or a piece of
traders and businessmen open halkhata and entertain the information. Bangladesh, as a developing country does not have
customers with sweets. People roam around different areas. access to the internet in all spheres except the banking system
They eat special foods and enjoy carnivals. A remarkable and educational institutions.
arrangement on this day is the colourful procession known as Facebook
'Mangal-shovajatra' by the students of the Institute of Fine Arts Facebook is a very popular social networking site which has
of Dhaka University. Thus goes the day amidst (g‡a¨; gvSLv‡b) both advantages and disadvantages. It is a great way to keep in
the flow of joy everywhere. In fact, the celebration of Pahela touch with your family and friends that live far away. With
Baishakh reminds us of our cultural heritage that we are going to instant messaging and even video chat, Facebook is the perfect
lose. environment to stay connected. With the status updates, photos
An Ideal Student and profile information, it can keep us up to date on the
An ideal student is an all-rounder having many different happenings of all of our close ones. Facebook makes meeting
qualities, skills and abilities. He/she is an asset for the school new people extremely easy. Using Facebook one can express
and for the country. Punctuality is a good virtue for all. An ideal one's opinion easily. Facebook has some disadvantages too. It is
student is always regular and punctual in attending the class and very easy for cyber bullies to thrive. They can harass and gang
submitting the assignment. A good student is very studious. up on one person. There aren't moderators that go around
He/she learns and earns and his/her learning is an asset. He/She monitoring what people say to each other. Besides, teenagers
does not leave anything undone for tomorrow that can be done who spend much time on Facebook, will suffer in the long run as
today. An ideal student always speaks the truth. So it is seen that their valuable time for study is not used properly. So there is no
an ideal student always remains ahead and success embraces denying to say that Facebook has a lot of advantages with some
him/her all the times. All these qualities make him/ her different disadvantages too. Active but overt monitoring and open
from other students. We need simplicity and sincerity in all communication about appropriate usage is the key to all the
walks of life. An ideal student is simple in behaviour, sincere in problems. This active role could prevent serious consequences
activities and dedicated towards the nation. He/she should be such as depression, anxiety or even suicide. It is also important
polite in his/her behaviour in order to be loved and cared for by for parents to stay abreast with online trends and the latest
all. He provides a model that other students follow. He/she is technologies, websites and applications.
always obedient to his parents and teachers. Bangladesh is Load Shedding
marching towards the progress since her birth. The whole nation Load Shedding is an often-heard term nowadays in our country.
wants brilliant students. In this context, an ideal student is given It means the suspension of the supply of electricity for a certain
utmost priority. Everybody loves an ideal student. period. There are various causes of load-shedding. Insufficient
My Best Friend production of electricity is one of them. The government of
Good friends are very rare in these fast changing days. Old Bangladesh cannot meet the increasing demand of electricity.
values have gone and new ones have not yet come. I am lucky to There are many people who misuse electricity in different ways,
have a number of friends. Among them I have a special one and thus they create shortage of it. Besides, illegal connection of
we love each other very much. The name of my best friend is electricity causes load-shedding. Load shedding creates lots of
Shayan Sharjeel. He comes from a respectable family. We are problems in our daily life. Lack of electricity means lack of
class fellows. He is one of the best students of our class. He production in mills and factories. Fresh food kept in the
understands things quickly. He is a bright and active student. He refrigerator gets rotten. In hot weather, the situation becomes
is very punctual. He is obedient and respectful. He is soft- worse. The surrounding of a locality becomes ghostly during
spoken. He is good in studies. He reads some extra books and is load shedding at night. Snatchers become active and they rob
 n h e i j English  8
people of their money and other goods. It also disturbs the study Where there are not adequate trees, the soil of the land will be
of students. Actually, the economy of our country depends on gone away during floods. Besides, we get wood from trees. With
electricity. Industrial factories are difficult to run on without this wood we make our furniture. So, we should avoid cutting
electricity. Load-shedding also hampers agricultural production trees. And if we cut a tree for our need we should plant at least
as power-pumps and other necessary mechanical tools are run by two plants. We must be aware of growing more trees for
it. So, people should be conscious about the misuse of it. Illegal ecological balance of our country and the world as well.
connection and system loss should be avoided. The government Necessity of Learning English
should plan properly and take step to solve this problem. The necessity of learning English is beyond description. English
Traffic Jam is that common language which is used and understood all over
Traffic jam refers to a serious road block when there is a long the world. It has become the second language of our country.
line of vehicles plying on the road. Now it has become a We need to know the language for many reasons. We cannot
common scenario of roads and streets in the big towns and cities communicate with the people of other countries in our mother
of our country. Thus it has posed a major problem for the tongue. We need a language that is common to the people of all
people. Several causes are responsible for this traffic jam. the countries. When we go outside, we use English to
Firstly, most of the roads and streets are narrow and unplanned. communicate with the foreigners. We have to use English in
Secondly, roads are insufficient in proportion to our population. business correspondence with foreigners. Nowadays
Thirdly, a lot of unlicensed vehicles ply on the roads. Next, businessmen have to maintain international relations. So they
many drivers are not aware of the rules and regulations of use English language. Next, we require English language for
driving. Many others are not willing to abide by the traffic rules. higher studies because books of higher classes are written in
Again, many others are prone to reckless driving and overtaking English. The language of computer, the present wonder of
tendency. Furthermore, small vehicles like rickshaws, auto science, is English. It is not possible to operate computer without
rickshaws, private cars, hand carts etc also cause unbearable knowing English. Moreover, English is essential in Foreign
traffic jam. Above all, the number of traffic police is quite Service. People who are engaged in serving international
insufficient to handle it. Traffic jam causes a lot of problems relations must know English. There are many other jobs like
killing our valuable times. The office-goers, students, patients postman, airhostess, hotel receptionist etc. that essentially
and general people have to suffer a lot due to traffic jam. But require English. In all, English language has become a very
this situation should be handled rigidly for the welfare and indispensable and unavoidable language for us. The simple ways
smooth movement of the people. Widening of roads and streets, to improve it are to provide the students with the standard
introduction of one-way movement of vehicles, removal of English text of every class in each school and college.
unlicensed vehicles and imposition of strict traffic rules can help Female Education
the people live a better and smoother civic life. Female education is very essential for the overall development
A Book Fair of a nation. More or less, half of the population of a country is
Nowadays book fairs are well-known to most of the people both female. Leaving the female uneducated and unemployed, no
in villages and towns. A book fair is a display of a great stock of nation can prosper. In our country about 7 crore people are
books of various interests. Every year many book fairs are held women out of 14 crore in total. But, most of the women are
in different places of our country. In the national days such as lagging far behind in education. The rate of female literacy is
21st February, 16th December, 26th March and also in the new about 20%. This rate of female literacy is alarming because
year book fairs are arranged. The two main book fairs held in without their education, our satisfactory development is
our country are the Ekushey Boi Mela and the Dhaka Boi Mela. impossible. Women need to be educated for different reasons.
A book fair is very much popular. Readers can purchase their To be a conscious citizen of the country, to be an active member
desired books. Authors also meet their favourite readers. This of the family and society, to be a good mother or wife and to
year I visited the book fair arranged by the Bangla Academy on lead a self-reliant better life, a woman should be educated
21st February. Everywhere there was a festive look. Various properly. Besides, educated women have higher income
publication companies hire stalls. Many types of necessary potential than those who have had no schooling. An educated
articles are found there. All kinds of books such as drama, novel, woman is conscious of her duties, rights and responsibilities. So,
poetry, adventure, biography, translation are usually found. New we should take every necessary step to ensure an environment to
writers often arrange discussion programmes on their new educate our female force. Parents ought to be encouraged to
books. Seminars and cultural programmes are also held in such a send their daughters to school. The Govt. and NGOs should
fair. Actually, books are the best companions and a book fair patronize the education for girls in order that they can be
only gives us opportunities to seek books from a great educated and can play a vital role in the development of our
collection. If we can arrange a disciplined book fair, the fair will country.
be successful. Early/Premature Marriage
Deforestation Premature marriage is the marriage of boys and girls who have
Trees are the best friends of human on earth. When trees are cut not yet reached the age of marriage. Although the government of
indiscriminately and forests are destroyed massively, we cause Bangladesh has fixed 18 and 21 years for girls and boys
deforestation. People cut trees for various reasons. They need respectively, people especially in the rural areas tend to marry
wood for building houses and for making furniture. The ever their sons and daughters off earlier than the expected time.
growing population needs more space to live and cultivate. So, Marrying at such a premature age, boys suffer a lot because they
people are deforesting. Again the high price of wood makes have to work hard to run a family. On the other hand, girls suffer
people greedy to cut them. But we must know that without trees even more because they have to risk their lives during premature
no life is possible on earth. We take oxygen from air and leave child birth. Yet the parents of sons marry them off to get dowry
carbon-dioxide. Trees on the other hand, take carbon-dioxide from the in-laws. Girls' parents are often prejudiced against
and leave oxygen. If there is no tree, there will be lack of oxygen education. They think that the more educated their daughters
in the air. Trees help us to get adequate (ch©vß; h‡_ó) rain. are, the more dowry they have to give. Some of them even think
Raindrops help the plants to grow. If there is no tree, the land that girls are born to serve their in-laws. Thus the premature
will gradually turn into a desert. Trees help to preserve soil. marriage creates a lot of problems in the society. Lack of
 n h e i j English  9
education is one of the causes of premature marriage. Lack of Bangladesh. But none of them is active enough to pose a major
moral values also causes premature marriage. The media should threat. So, in order to protect us from this impending danger, we
be active in solving premature marriage. The govt. should take must be conscious about the causes and results of earthquake.
pragmatic steps to remove this evil practice. Last but not the We should not build house without the advice of expert. The
least, raising social awareness can play the key role towards Government should take steps for this disaster. The Government
curbing this evil act. should develop earthquake resistant building code that all
Price hike/Price spiral buildings should follow as mandatory.
Price hike or the increase of price of the daily essential Good Manners
commodities is the most talked about issue at the present time. The term 'manners' means the behaviour that is considered to be
In our country it has become a usual phenomenon now. The polite in a particular society or culture. Manners can be good or
price of the daily commodities is soaring sky high to go out of bad. For example, it is a bad manner to speak with food in one's
reach of the poor and the lower middle class people of our mouth. Manners vary from culture to culture and from society to
country. There are a lot of causes behind this price hike. society. Good manners are the external expressions of one's
Hoarding of essential commodities by the dishonest inner goodness and education. It is a person's positive way of
businessmen is one of the causes of price hike. Smuggling and behaving towards others. A person is judged by his manners.
black marketing by traders and people in general are also Good manners enrich the personality of an individual. A well
important factors causing price rise. Many dishonest men have mannered person is liked by most of our people and can prosper
earned huge black money through black marketing. This has in life. Good manners enhance his value and make him a worthy
caused great suffering to the people. Shortage of supply due to human being. A good mannered man is polite and courteous. He
low production also accelerates the price hike of essential goods. respects the views and opinions of others although they differ
At present syndicate business has added to this plight. Due to from his own. He listens patiently to what others have to say. He
inflation price hike is more acute in our country. Government neither uses harsh words to others nor does anything that may
mechanism to curb price hike is defective. Many poor villagers offend others. An ill mannered man is rude and rough. He has no
cannot afford to manage two square meals a day. Very often respect for the feeling of others. He shows bad manners in
they suffer from malnutrition and other diseases. Many even die various ways. A man of unpolished manners is not liked by
without getting proper medical treatment. Public awareness anyone. Everybody hates him. Good manners make life pleasant,
against illegal hoarders of the daily necessaries, smugglers and smooth and easy. Good manners do not cost anything but they
black marketeers can remove this curse from the country. gain for us love and respect.
The 21st February or, Gender Equality
International Mother Language Day Gender equality means the practice of treating any gender fairly.
The 21st February is the Language Martyrs' Day. On this very It is very important in every society through the whole world.
day in 1952, Barkat, Rafiq, Jabbar, Shafiur and Salam sacrificed According to the United Nations, gender equality is regarded the
their lives for the honour and preservation of their dear mother first and foremost human right. But in Bangladesh the condition
tongue, Bangla. On 17 November 1999, UNESCO declared this of gender equality is different. In our society we notice that
day as International Mother Language Day. Now Ekushey female persons are the worst sufferers of gender inequality.
February is being observed as the International Mother There are many barriers in our country. From the birth of a male
Language Day all over the world. The then Pakistani rulers child, he gets the most facilities from the society. On the
wanted to make 'Urdu' as the state language of Pakistan by force. contrary, from the very birth of a female child, gender disparity
The people of the then East Pakistan in general, and the students starts and ends with her death. Our society is dominated by the
of Dhaka University in particular, protested vigorously against males. They think that male child will earn money for the family
the unjust and autocratic decision of the government. The and female child will do only domestic chores. So, male children
students violated section 144 and at one stage, they were fired by are always welcomed. There are many reasons for these barriers.
the Pakistani army. Thus the heroic sons of the soil laid down The male dominated society is responsible firstly. Then poverty,
their invaluable lives with a view to pressing demand for illiteracy, the disparity of attitude are also responsible for gender
declaring Bangla as the state language of Pakistan. The Pakistani inequality or barriers. Gender equality is important for social
govt. at last yielded to the demand and declared Bangla as the development. It is not possible for male people to change the
state language of Pakistan. In commemoration of this socio-economy without gender equality. The old tradition should
tremendous sacrifice, and to make this historic day memorable, be changed. Awareness among the general people and the
eventually, the Central Shaheed Minar was constructed. As such, government should be increased. All should work hand in hand
this unforgettable Day has brought national pride, prestige and to develop our country.
national integrity for us. Indeed, the 21 st February ultimately led Gender Discrimination
to the struggle for Independent Bangladesh. Gender discrimination is the practice of treating any gender of
Earthquake the society unfairly. When any person of one particular gender is
Earthquake is one of the most common natural calamities on not given his or her rights, gender discrimination begins. Female
earth. Earthquake is an abrupt movement of a part of the Earth's persons of our society are the worst sufferers of this
surface caused by deep crack in the Earth or by volcanic discrimination. It starts from the very birth of a female child, and
eruption. It causes great disaster. Bangladesh is in the active ends with her death. Our society is dominated by male people.
earthquake area. Now, it is frequently felt in Bangladesh. But the They think that male child will earn money for the family and
people of our country are not conscious enough about the gravity female child will do only domestic chores. So, male children
of this dangerous natural calamity. Most of the buildings of our always get prominence. They get the highest of the opportunities
country will be destroyed if they are not built in accordance with available in the families. But, female children are assigned to
an earthquake resistant standard. A group of experts opine that household works and are married off as soon as possible. So,
the repetition of quakes in recent years should be taken as a they don't get opportunity to flourish their latent talent. Some of
signal for a major earthquake. Another group of experts believe these girls may be at school but after marriage, they only give
that the concern should not be amplified, because there are a birth to children and rear them up. This disparity causes a great
number of fault lines in the geographical area comprising harm to their mentality. They think themselves inferior to male
 n h e i j English  10
people. But, for social development both male and female To stop smoking, we should raise consciousness among the
persons should contribute equally because the female people are people and inform them of the negative effects of it.
the half of our whole population. It is not possible for male Street Children
people to change the socio-economy without the help of female Street Children or street urchins are familiar figures in the streets
people. This problem can be solved by raising awareness in of the third world country like Bangladesh. Most of them are the
general. abandoned children of their parents. They are rootless. These are
Our Liberation War/War of Independence floating children of a country. They do not know about the
Liberation/Independence means freedom. So, liberation war/war whereabouts of their parents, their place and date of birth. Many
of independence means the war which is fought for the freedom of them are orphans. Generally they earn their livelihood by
of a country from foreign domination. The emergence of begging, stealing, cheating, selling flowers and doing the job of
Bangladesh is a history of grief and pride. It came into being in wage earners. But sometimes some poor parents make their
1971 after a great war against the then Pakistani occupying children work in the streets. These street children live in the
forces. After the British, they exploited us economically, dirty slums, on the roadside pavements without any protection
socially, politically and above all militarily. But, the heroes of against rough weather. They sleep under the open sky. They also
the soil did not tolerate their exploitation. They raised their arms work as garbage collectors, porters and rickshaw pullers.
and compelled the occupying forces to leave the country. On Sometimes they beg for food. They are deprived of education,
March 26, the liberation war started. In this war, thousands of health care and nutrition. Though they are abandoned children,
people were killed in the hands of the Pakistani force. The Mukti they are human beings. They are the to be citizens of our
Bahini fought against them and resisted them in land, water and country. They have some basic rights to live, to enjoy, to survive
even by air everywhere in Bangladesh. They fought for long in peace and to receive education. It is our duty to ensure their
nine months against the Pakistanis and made a free country on rights. The government and the people in general should do
16 December, 1971. This is the fastest victory against an something so that these helpless and homeless children can taste
occupying force in the world history. We celebrate our liberation the sweetness of life.
with fervour and enthusiasm . We show our respect bowing Global Warming
down our heads in front of the National Memorial at Savar. We Global warning is one of the most talked topics of the present
organise various seminars, symposiums and cultural functions to world. There are many reasons of global warming around the
celebrate this day. world and it has disastrous effects on us. Greenhouse effect is
My Childhood Memories the main cause of global warming. The rise in the atmospheric
I often remember the memories of my childhood. I was born in a temperature is known as greenhouse effect. Our atmosphere is
small village named Hulerhat on the bank of the river Kajolia. It guarded by an ozone layer which resists the entrance of ultra-
was a place of scenic beauty. There were many trees, ponds, violet rays from the sun. But deforestation around us and the
green fields in the village. I used to pass my childhood days increased amount of carbon dioxide, methane and chloro fluoro
playing with other village children. They all behaved with me carbons affect that layer. The heat of the sun enters directly into
with heart. I started my education at the village primary school the atmosphere of the earth. Scientists are worried about this
when I was 6 years old. I have so many sweet memories of my increased heat because it is melting the ice in the polar-regions.
childhood. Green fields, riverbanks were my playgrounds. We If this process continues for a long time, the layer of water in the
passed our time playing in the fields, flying kites in the sky, oceans will rise and flood coastal areas and farm lands of
exploring the jungle, picking up fruits from the trees and so on. Bangladesh. Besides, this will reduce mankind's ability to grow
An incident of my childhood still haunts me. Once I got lost as I food, destroy or severely damage wild life and wilderness. So,
followed a group of people who were rendering songs from door greenhouse effect is the main cause of global warming along
to door. Luckily friend of mine saw me crying and he took me to with deforestation and rise of CFC gas. So, in order to solve this
my home. I embraced my mother and promised not to leave her problem we have to prevent or reduce the amount of emission of
again. But, my happy days did not last long. My father had to greenhouse gases. We should give it the highest importance to
come to town on service purpose and we also came with him. save the world.
Now, I am a young man but I will ever cherish the sweet English
memories of my happy childhood spent in the charming Completing Story First Paper
environment of my village.
Smoking : A Habitual Sickness 01. Complete the following story with the cue. Give a
Smoking is a very bad habit which is injurious to health. suitable title to it.
Inhaling the smoke of burnt tobacco is called smoking. The It was a bright sunny morning. I was going to college with
tobacco can be either burnt in a device called pipe or it can be some of my friends. We were in a hilarious mood as we
wrapped and rolled in a piece of tobacco leaf paper. It is a were talking about our plan to go on a picnic.
popular belief that inhaling tobacco smoke provides stimulation Suddenly.......................
though there is no medical evidence to this belief. There are Friend Is for Friend
numerous bad effects of smoking. It causes respiratory problem It was a bright sunny morning. I was going to college with some
leading to bronchitis. A smoker suffers from hyper tension, of my friends. We were in a hilarious mood as we were talking
anxiety, digestion disorder and heart attack. Smokers run the risk about our plan to go on a picnic. Suddenly we were in a fix what
of being attacked with colone cancer and cardiac arrest at least 7 to do. I, along with two others, lifted him up from the ground. I
to 8 times higher than a non smoker. The decision then should took a rickshaw. The rickshaw puller did not agree to go on
be very obvious. In order to keep our people healthy and usual fare. So we had to give him double fare.
working we need to prevent this malady. Government has However, we took our sick friend on the rickshaw to a nearby
already prohibited smoking in public places. As smoking causes hospital. He was admitted there and treatment was going on. The
several chemical changes within human body the impact is far doctors gave him saline and prescribed him to take rest on the
reaching. Once somebody smokes for the first few times there is hospital bed. In the afternoon, they released him giving some
no coming back. He becomes a slave to this malevolent habit. medicines.
We hurriedly went to college. The exam was already over. We
 n h e i j English  11
met our Principal in his room, told him everything and requested knife and cut the belly of the goose. To his utter surprise, he
him to give us another chance to sit for the exam. He pleasantly found no egg there. Another sad news for him was that the goose
okayed our plea to sit for the exam on Friday. We thanked him died for bleeding. The farmer was very shocked at the incident.
and took our ailing friend to his house. He realised that he implemented a foolish plan. For his greed, he
02 Read the following outlines and develop them into a lost the wonderful goose forever.
complete story. Give a suitable title to it. 05 Read the beginning of the following story and complete
It was late at night. I was taking preparation for my ensuing it in your own way. Give a suitable title to it.
examination. All the members of my family were sleeping. Once on a summer day a crow became very thirsty. It began
All on a sudden, my phone rang and it was an unknown to move here and there in search of drinking water but in
number. I got frightened ................... vain. The crow did not lose hope. It, at last, noticed a jar at a
Fun Is Not Always Good little distance. It at once flew to it but.........................
It was late at night. I was taking preparation for my ensuing Or, Read the beginning of the following story and complete
examination. All the members of my family were sleeping. All on it in your own way. Give a suitable title to it.
a sudden, my phone rang and it was an unknown number. I got It was a summer day and a crow became very thirsty. It
frightened when he introduced himself as a robber. began to move here and there in search of drinking water
This voice was soft at first but it was very ferocious later. He but in vain. The crow did not lose hope. It, at last, noticed a
demanded at least ten lac taka within 24 hours. After saying this jar at a little distance. It at once flew to it
he cut the line. I was very nervous because he threatened to kill but..........................
me if I don't give him the money. I was very sensitive about this Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way/A Thirsty Crow
issue, specially over unknown phone call. My mental condition It was a summer day and a crow became very thirsty. It began to
was serious and I was admitted into the hospital by my parents. move here and there in search of drinking water but in vain. The
Next night he phoned me again and my father received it and crow did not lose hope. It, at last, noticed a jar at a little
told him about my real condition. After hearing this he became distance. It at once flew to it but there was a little water at the
ashamed and penitent. He apologised to my father telling him bottom of the jar. The water of the jar was not reachable to the
that he was one of my school friends and he had made a fun with crow.
me. He became very frustrated. He was at a loss what to do. He
03 Complete the following story with the cue. Give a looked around and saw some pebbles. Then an excellent idea
suitable title to it. came to his mind.
There was a crow on a tree with a piece of meat in its beak.
He picked up the pebbles one by one with his beak. He dropped
A hungry fox sat under the tree ......
them into the pitcher. Soon the water came up to the mouth of
The Fox And the Crow
the pitcher. The crow drank the water and flew away happily.
There was a crow on a tree with a piece of meat in its beak. A
hungry fox sat under the tree. He saw the crow with the piece of So, we learn from the story that we should never be frustrated in
meat in her beak. He wished to eat the piece of meat. So, he any situation.
made a plan. In an attempt to materialise his plan he thought of 06 Read the beginning of the following story and complete
several devices and finally he got one which seemed very it in your own way. Give a suitable title to it.
suitable. He decided to take to flattery. Rahim was a meritorious boy. He read in a village school.
So the fox walked up to the foot of the tree, looked up and cried, His father‘s economic condition was not good. But he
"Good day beautiful crow. How well you are looking today : dreamt to be doctor………
how glossy your feathers are; how bright your eyes are! I feel Determination Brings Success
sure that your voice must surpass in sweetness than that of other Rahim was a meritorious boy. He read in a village school. His
birds, just as your figure does: Let me hear but one song from father’s economic condition was not good. But he dreamt to be
you that I may greet you as the Queen of birds." doctor so that he could remove all the miseries of his family. But
Each and every word that the fox uttered were the sweetest there is always a gap between imagination and reality. When he
things of the world the crow had ever heard. She lifted up her was a student of class X, his father died.
head and began to caw her best. But the moment when she After his father‘s death he fell into more difficulties. But he did
opened her mouth the piece of meat fell to the ground, and the not give up his hope. He promised to try his level best to
fox snapped the piece of meat. materialize his dream. He appeared at the SSC and got GPA 5
"That will do. That was all I wanted. In exchange for your meat I from science group. A national newspaper published an article
will give you a piece of advice." "No, that is not possible," said
on him. There were some photographs of him, their home etc in
the fox, "But I must give you the advice for the future : Do Not
the newspaper. Reading this article, a private bank extended its
Trust Flatterers."
cooperative hands to assist Rahim.
04 Read the following story and complete it in your own
way with a title. One day a postman came to their house and delivered him a
There lived a farmer in a village. He had a wonderful goose. registered letter. After reading the letter, he became
The goose laid an egg of gold everyday. The farmer was overwhelmed with joy and surprise. The bank offered him a big
very greedy. He thought that...................... stipend. He called out his mother and his close friends. They all
Grasp All, Lose All/A Greedy Farmer also became very happy at the good news. Rahim availed the
There lived a farmer in a village. He had a wonderful) goose. chance and after a few days he met the chief of the bank. Then
The goose laid an egg of gold everyday. The farmer was very he got admission in B.S College, Comilla and began to study
greedy. He thought that it was difficult for him to keep patience. very sincerely and seriously. He also secured GPA 5 in his HSC
He grew impatient to have all the eggs at a time. If he got all the examination. Then he got admitted into Dhaka Medical College.
eggs in a day, he would be very rich quickly. He was quite Now Rahim is a very skilled and experienced doctor. He treats
tempted. his patients humanly. He has been doing a lot of philanthropic
As a result, he hit upon a plan to cut the belly of the goose and and constructive works for the people of his village. The people
collect all the eggs altogether. To implement his plan, he took a also love and respect him very much.
 n h e i j English  12
 07 Read the following outlines and develop them into a 09 Read the following story. It is not complete. Use your
complete story. Give a suitable title to it. imagination to complete it and give a suitable title.
A shepherd boy — kept a flock of sheep near a forest — Once there lived a happy cobbler who passed his days in
made a fun with villagers — shouted 'Wolf! Wolf! Help!' — working and singing from morning till night. A rich man of
villagers-ran to help — he laughed at them — made the his neighbour asked him one day "How much a year do you
same fun — but a wolf really came — killed the sheep — earn?" The cobbler laughed and said.................
cried for help — none came. Money Cannot Buy Happiness
Or, There lived a shepherd boy in a pastoral area. He kept a Once there lived a happy cobbler who passed his days in
flock of sheep near a forest. In the forest, there lived a wolf. working and singing from morning till night. A rich man of his
At times, the wolf would come out and kill lambs and neighbour asked him one day "How much a year do you earn?"
farmers. The shepherd boy had.............. The cobbler laughed and said, "I never reckon my money in that
Punishment of a Liar way. It goes as fast as it comes, but I am glad to be able to earn
There lived a shepherd boy in a pastoral area. He kept a flock of it. I cobble on from day to day and earn a living." "Well then,
sheep near a forest. In the forest, there lived a wolf. At times, the how much do you earn each day?" asked the rich man. "Why,
wolf would come out and kill lambs and farmers. The shepherd sometimes more and sometimes less," answered the cobbler.
boy had a bad habit of telling lies. He used to make a fun with "On many holidays I earn nothing but I manage to live." "You
villagers shouting "Wolf! Wolf! help!" The villagers would are a happy man now," said the rich man, "but I will make you
think that the young shepherd boy might be in danger. The happier," and he handed the cobbler one thousand dollar. "Go,
villagers would rush to save the shepherd boy with sticks, spears spend this money carefully. It will supply your needs for many
and tools. But they would find no wolf. days," he said. The cobbler had never dreamt of so much money
Seeing the villagers, the shepherd would laugh at them. The before. He thought it was enough to keep him in food and
villagers would become annoyed and return to their work. The clothes all his life. He took the money home and hid it, but he
liar shepherd would make the same fun few and far between. hid his joy with it. He stopped singing and became sad. He could
The villagers would come forward to protect the boy and return not sleep for fear of robbers. He thought that everyone who
home being annoyed. came into his shop was trying to find out his secret. When a cat
But one day a wolf really came. The shepherd boy shouted to his ran over the floor, he thought a thief had slipped through the
highest voice. The villagers heard his shouting but they did not door.
extend (cÖmvwiZ Kiv) their helping hands. They did not come 10 Read the following outlines and develop them into a
to rescue the shepherd. The wolf killed all his sheep. The boy complete story. Give a suitable title to it.
cried loudly and asked for help. But nobody came. The wolf also An ant lived on the bank of a river. The level of water in the
killed the shepherd. The poor unfortunate (nZfvM¨) shepherd river was increasing gradually. One day a wave stroke at the
lost his life for telling lies. shore. At that moment the ant was walking. It slipped into
So, we should never tell a lie. water and.........
08 Read the beginning of the following story. It is not The Dove And the Ant
complete. Use your imagination to complete it and give it An ant lived on the bank of a river. The level of water in the
a suitable title. river was increasing gradually. One day a wave stroke at the
There lived a woodcutter in a village. One day he was shore. At that moment the ant was walking. It slipped into water
cutting wood near a river. Suddenly his axe fell into the and could not reach the shore. A dove observed the matter. He
river. The river was very deep. The wood cutter did not felt for the ant and became very sympathetic.
know how to swim or dive. So, he was sitting there sadly. He took a leaf of a jackfruit tree and spared it downward the
Then a wonderful thing happened. A beautiful fairy water. The drowning ant caught it. Both the leaf and the ant were
appeared before the woodcutter ... ... ... ... floating. At last the ant reached the shore. When he got back his
Reward for Honesty life, he heard everything from the dove. He thanked the dove
There lived a woodcutter in a village. One day he was cutting and soon they became friends.
wood near a river. Suddenly his axe fell into the river. The river One day, while the dove was sitting beside the bank, a hunter
was very deep. The woodcutter did not know how to swim or targeted it for hunting. At that moment, the grateful (K…ZÁ) ant
dive. So, he was sitting there sadly. Then a wonderful thing hit upon a plan suddenly to save the dove. When the hunter
happened. A beautiful fairy appeared before the woodcutter. The aimed his gun at the dove, the ant bit his foot. As a result, the
fairy asked the woodcutter what had happened to him. The hunter jumped up and missed his target. Hearing the sound, the
woodcutter informed the fairy about the incident. He informed bird flew off. Thus the ant saved the life of his useful friend
her that he was a poor woodcutter and he earned his living by dove.
cutting wood. Now he would not be able to work anymore as he 11 Read the following story. It is not completed. Complete
had lost his axe in the river water. It was out of his ability to buy it using your own imagination. Give a title to it.
Sheikh Saadi was a great poet of Iran. He led a very simple
a new one. Hearing all these, the fairy felt pity for him. The fairy
life. Once the king of the country invited him to the court.
dived into the river water and came out with a gold axe. She
Walking all day long on foot, he...................
asked the poor woodcutter whether it was his axe. The poor man
Dress Does Not Make a Man Great
replied in the negative. The fairy dived again into the river water Sheikh Saadi was a great poet of Iran. He led a very simple life.
and raised her hand with a silver axe. She asked the woodcutter Once the king of the country invited him to the court. Walking
whether it was his axe. The woodcutter replied in the negative. all day long on foot, he became tired and took shelter in a rich
The fairy instantly dived into water and raised up with the axe man's house at night. Saadi had a very simple dress as usual. The
which the woodcutter had lost. She asked him if it was his axe. rich man considered him an ordinary traveller and did not
The woodcutter was very glad and shouted that it was his axe. entertain him well.
The fairy was surprised to see the honesty of the poor The next day, Saadi left the rich man's house and reached the
woodcutter. She rewarded him with all the three axes of gold, king's court. The king received him well and presented him royal
silver and iron. dress. On his way back home, Saadi again took shelter in the
 n h e i j English  13
same rich man's house. Seeing his royal dress, the rich man took 14 Read the beginning of the following story. The story is
great care of him and served him rich and delicious food item. not complete. Use your imagination and complete the
Saadi started putting the food items into his pocket instead of story by giving a suitable title to it.
eating. The rich man became astonished at his strange behaviour A hare is a very speedy animal. It can run very fast. But a
and asked the reason of his doing so. Saadi gently told the host tortoise moves very slowly. Once upon a time a hare was
of his behaviour at the first day and the second day. "The very proud of his speed and cut a joke to a tortoise. Once
delicious food was given to me for the dress. So I am putting this the tortoise challenged.......
food in my dress," he said. Ans. Slow And Steady Wins the Race/A Race between the
The man became very ashamed of remembering his behaviour Hare And the Tortoise
and begged pardon. Saadi then introduced himself to the rich A hare is a very speedy animal. It can run very fast. But a
man and took leave of him. tortoise moves very slowly. Once upon a time a hare was very
12 Read the following story. It is not complete. Complete proud of his speed and cut a joke to a tortoise. Once the tortoise
the story by using your imagination and give it a suitable challenged the hare and invited him to run a race with him. They
title : both went to a fox and asked him to be the judge of their contest.
Once there lived two cats in a house. They were very The fox agreed and on an appointed day they met at cross road.
intimate to each other. One day the two cats stole a piece of Finally the race began. The hare, from the beginning, started
cake from a neighbouring house. Each of them demanded ... running at a top speed and soon left the tortoise far behind.
Dividing the Bread/Cake Crossing almost half of the distance the hare looked back. There
Once there lived two cats in a house. They were very intimate to was no sign of the tortoise around.
each other. One day the two cats stole a piece of cake from a The hare smiled and said to himself, "I am really a fool. Why
neighbouring house. Each of them demanded the larger share of should I run so fast in the hot sun with the slow, old tortoise? I
the cake. None of them agreed to compromise a bit. So, they will start again when the tortoise will catch up. Before that I will
decided to go to the monkey for fair justice. The monkey assured have a rest." So, he lay down to have a rest under a shady tree.
them about equal dividing. He brought a scale for it. But, as he was a little tired, he soon fell asleep. The tortoise, on
At first, he broke the cake into two pieces and put them on the the other hand, went along his slow but steady way. He never
scales. To equalize the portions he bit the larger part. That time stopped nor looked back and at last passed the proud hare and
the larger part became smaller and the smaller part became reached the finishing spot well ahead of the hare.
larger. The monkey continued that process and bit again and The hare knowing not when he fell asleep, awoke with a start
again. Within a few moments, the piece of cake became very and looking back found no sign of the tortoise. Still satisfied
small. The two cats were frustrated to see the incident. They with himself he started running. But on reaching the finishing
asked the monkey to stop his work and return them the rest of spot he saw the tortoise gossiping with the fox, the judge of the
the cake. But the monkey denied to return the cake. He race.
demanded the rest of the piece of cake as his remuneration. The Then the tortoise said, "You should know friend, slow and
two cats realised their mistake and lamented for the cake. They steady wins the race."
promised never to do such a mistake and keep a mutual 15 Complete the following story with the cue. Give a
understanding. suitable title to it.
13 Read the beginning of the following story and complete In a small village once a scholar was crossing a river on a
it in your own way. Give a suitable title to it : boat. The weather was very pleasing. The river was very
Once there lived a very clever fox in a jungle. One day cool and calm..................
while walking through the jungle, he fell into a trap and lost A Scholar And an Illiterate Boatman
his tail. Without a tail he looked very strange and he felt In a small village once a scholar was crossing a river on a boat.
ashamed......... The weather was very pleasing. The river was very cool and
The Fox without Tail calm. The scholar was enjoying a lot. The boatman was a simple
Once there lived a very clever fox in a jungle. One day while illiterate man. His bookish knowledge was nil.
walking through the jungle, he fell into a trap and lost his tail. The scholar started talking to him when he was sailing the boat.
Without a tail he looked very strange and he felt ashamed. He The scholar asked the boatman whether he had read the Gita and
also felt very unhappy and sad. But the fox was very cunning. whether he could explain the verse of the Gita. The boatman
He was thinking and thinking. At last, an idea crossed his mind. replied that he had heard about that but had not read that. The
He invited all his neighbouring foxes to come to a meeting under
scholar then said that he had wasted one fourth of his life. The
a tree. All of them arrived there in time and took their seats.
scholar again said, "But tell me have you read the Arthashastra?"
Then the fox without tail said, "My dear friends, listen to me,
Again the boatman showed his ignorance. The scholar then
please. I've discovered a new thing. It‘s that our tails are
completely useless. They look very odd and ugly. Also, they are undervalued the boatman and arrogantly said, "Then my friend,
always dirty. So, we all should cut off our tails, shouldn‘t we?" you have wasted two-fourths of your life." It was about to
All the foxes listened to the cunning fox eagerly. Most of them become dark as the sun was going to set.
agreed to cut off their tails. They were convinced by the cunning Noticing the sun the scholar again asked the boatman if he knew
fox that they would look nice if they cut off their tails. So, they the reason behind the sun rise and sun set. Being helpless the
were almost ready to move on to the right action. boatman again expressed his ignorance. The scholar haughtily
However, in the meeting, there was also an old and wise fox. He said, "Then my friend, you have wasted three-fourths of your
had been listening to the fox without tail. He said to him, "My life."
friend, your plan is very nice but very evil. Actually, you want After sometime suddenly a thick cloud covered the sky and a
us to cut off our own tails because you've lost your one." storm rose from the river bed. Being anxious the boatman asked
Hearing this, all other foxes could understand the evil plan of the the scholar, "Sir, do you know swimming?" "No I don't know
cunning fox. They all shouted at him loudly and chased him. how to swim," the scholar answered with anxiety. The boatman
Guessing the unfavourable situation, the cunning fox ran away said with sigh, "Then my friend, I see your whole life is going to
quickly and saved his life. be wasted and meaningless."
 n h e i j English  14
16 Complete the following story following the cue. 18 Complete the following story with the cue. Give a
There lived an old king named Lear in England. He had suitable Title to it.
three daughters; Regan, Goneril and Cordelia. Once he Once there was a selfish giant who had a large and beautiful
decided to divide his kingdom among three daughters garden. The garden was full of soft green grass. Here and
................... there all over the grass stood many colorful flowers like
King Lear, a Tragic Hero/ A King without a Kingdom stars. ... ... ... ... ... ...
There lived an old king named Lear in England. He had three A Selfish Giant
daughters, Regan, Goneril and Cordelia. Once he decided to Once there was a selfish giant who had a large and beautiful
divide his kingdom among three daughters. Rather childishly he garden. The garden was full of soft green grass. Here and there
proposed to divide his kingdom in proportion to declaration of all over the grass stood many colorful flowers like stars. The
love made by his daughters. The two elder daughters, Goneril garden was a nice playground for the beautiful children. There
and Regan enthusiastically showed their love, much to the were many trees and birds sat on the trees and sang sweet songs.
satisfaction of the old and vain king. The youngest daughter One day when the giant returned, he saw the children in his
Cordelia was loved most by King Lear. She was sincere, honest garden. He became angry and chased them away. He built a high
and lacked the hypocrisy of her elder sisters. She displayed her wall around the garden.
love simply and sincerely which was misunderstood by the After the children stopped coming to the garden, the garden lost
arrogant king. In his foolishness the king divided his kingdom its beauty. It became covered with snow and frost. No birds
into two shares and allotted to Regan and Goneril, and decided came to sing there. Spring was everywhere but in the giant's
to live with each of them by turns. He left Cordelia and cursed garden it was still winter. One morning the children entered the
her. The king of France offered his love to Cordelia and took her garden through a small hole in the wall. And spring arrived in
as his wife.
the garden at last to express its happiness on seeing the children
The wicked daughters conspired against their father. Goneril and
again. The giant saw the children and the environment of the
Regan treated their father with complete disrespect. The two
garden. He realised that he had been selfish and felt sorry. The
sisters refused to accept King Lear. The old king was enraged
trees were covered with flowers. But the giant saw that only in a
and heart-broken. He walked out into the stormy night.
In the meantime the discord between the two sisters and their corner there was snow because a little child couldn't climb up a
kingdom erupted. In addition there was also news of an army tree. The giant helped the child and put him on the top of the
from France slowly making its way to England. On the deserted tree. Since then the child stopped coming there and the giant was
health, the old and weak king boldly faced the storm. By this sad. The giant grew old and in one winter he found the child
time he was already mad and was brought to the refuge by a again in one corner with a tree covered with blossoms. The child
loyal servant Kent. He took the king towards France where help was Jesus Christ who took the giant to Paradise.
and friends waited for them. 19 Read the following outlines and develop them into a
In the meantime the Army of France landed on the shores of complete story. Give a suitable title to it.
England where Cordelia learnt that her mad father was near the Bayazid was a small boy. His mother was ill. One day he
shore. She sent her man to search for the old king. He was soon was studying by the side of the bed of his ailing mother. All
brought in front of Cordelia. Tenderly, she brought him back to on a sudden his mother woke up, raised her head and told
a resemblance of sanity. The two sisters jointly advanced to her son to give her a glass of water .........
protect England against the invading French Army. In the battle Devotion to Mother
that ensued, the French were defeated and Lear and Cordelia Bayazid was a small boy. His mother was ill. One day he was
were taken to the prison. Meanwhile Cordelia was murdered. studying by the side of the bed of his ailing mother. All on a
The broken-hearted King Lear was unable to see her innocent sudden his mother woke up, raised her head and told her son to
daughter's death and he too died in utter grief. give her a glass of water. The boy Bayazid took the glass to pour
17 Read the following story. It is not complete. Use your water from the pitcher. But the pitcher was empty. There was
imagination to complete it and give it a suitable title. not a single drop of water in the house.
There were two friends. They lived in a certain village. Bayazid remembered a stream from where he could bring water.
They promised that they would help each other at the time But it was far from his house and was in one corner of the
of danger. One day they were passing through a deep forest. village. The night was quite dark. Bayazid took the pitcher and
Suddenly they heard...... went to fetch water from the stream. When he returned with
A Friend in Need is a Friend Indeed water, he found his mother in deep sleep. Bayazid thought that if
There were two friends. They lived in a certain village. They he made his mother awaken, she might feel disturbed. So, he
promised that they would help each other at the time of danger. decided to stand beside his mother's bed with the glass of water.
One day they were passing through a deep forest. Suddenly they When she woke up, he would serve her with the water.
heard a loud sound. It was a bear. So, both of them were afraid The whole night passed. Bayazid's mother opened eyes in the
and were at a loss what to do. One of them knew how to climb a morning and saw her son standing with a glass of water. Seeing
tree. He left his friend in danger and took shelter on a tree. The that, her eyes became full of tears. She took him in her arms
other friend was helpless. with motherly affection and blessed him from the core of her
Suddenly a plan came up in his mind. He knew that the bear heart. Her blessings made him a great saint later.
doesn't eat any dead animal. Finding no way, he decided to 20 Read the following outlines and develop them into a
pretend (fvb Kiv) to be dead. According to his plan, he lay on complete story. Give a suitable title to it.
the ground like a dead one. At last, the bear came and found him A farmer had three sons — he called his sons — farmer
lying on the ground. The bear smelt the body and considered asked them to break it — untie the bundle — they broke —
him to be dead. It went away without doing any harm. nobody can harm you.
When the bear went away, his friend got down from the tree. He Unity Is Strength
asked what the bear had whispered (wdmwdm K‡i ejv) to him. A farmer had three sons. His sons were not in good terms with
The friend replied that the bear forbade (wb‡la Kiv) him to keep one another. They often quarrelled among themselves. So, the
company with such a friend who leaves his friend in danger. old farmer was unhappy with them. The old farmer wanted to
Hearing this, his friend felt ashamed and went away. teach them a good lesson. So, he hit upon a plan. He called all
 n h e i j English  15
his sons and asked them to bring some sticks. According to their different opinions. But nothing was suitable. The meeting was
father's order, the sons collected some sticks and took them to about to end. At that time, a young mouse stood up and asked
him. The farmer told the sons to tie the sticks in a bundle. permission to put his proposal. All agreed. It said, "We will tie a
Then the farmer asked each of his sons to break the bundle. Each bell around the cat's neck. So, we will get warning when the cat
of them tried to break the bundle but failed. This time the old comes. Then we can easily hide ourselves in safe place." All the
farmer asked them to untie the bundle. The sons did it at once. mice greeted his proposal with applause.
Then he gave a stick to each of his sons. He again asked them to Then an old mouse stood up and asked others to be calm. He
break the sticks. The sons could break their sticks easily. said, "Who will bell the cat?". There was pin drop silence. They
Then the farmer told his sons that if they remain united like the were looking at one another. There was nobody who was brave
bundle of sticks, nobody can harm them. He also warned them if to accomplish the task of belling the cat. Finally, the conference
they quarrelled again and remained separate, enemies would ended in smoke.
break down them like the single sticks. He taught his sons the 23 Read the beginning of the following story. The story is
importance of unity. The sons realized and promised to remain incomplete. Use your imagination and complete it. You
united. have to give a suitable title to it :
21 Complete the following story with the cue. Give a Once there was a lion sleeping in a forest. Suddenly a
suitable title to it. mouse came there. It did not notice the sleeping lion. It was
Once there lived a poor farmer who worked very hard to running about and playing happily. By chance, it ran over
maintain his big family. But he could hardly manage two the face of the lion. It awoke the lion. At this, the lion
square meals a day. One day while working in the field, he grew............
found a basket. He picked it up and carried it ............. A Small Creature Saves the Life of a Lion
Honesty Is the Best Policy Once there was a lion sleeping in a forest. Suddenly a mouse
Once there lived a poor farmer who worked very hard to came there. It did not notice the sleeping lion. It was running
maintain his big family. But he could hardly manage two square about and playing happily. By chance, it ran over the face of the
meals a day. One day while working in the field, he found a lion. It awoke the lion. At this, the lion grew very angry. It
basket. He picked it up and carried it home. He showed it to his roared with anger. The mouse got frightened and started
wife. She opened it. Oh! It was full of huge amount of money. trembling. The lion said, "How dare you disturb me, the small
The wife was greedy by nature. She advised her husband to use evil? I will kill you." The mouse fell in great danger. It begged
it or at least a part of it for themselves. But the farmer told his its life to the lion. It also promised to help the lion in future if he
wife that to use it was nothing but great dishonesty. He added needed. Hearing this, the lion laughed at him. He said, "How a
that he would first try to find out the person who had lost the small creature like you will help me?" He mocked at the mouse
basket. and relieved him.
He set out to find the owner of it. He moved here and there to After a few days a hunter set a trap and the lion was caught in it.
find him or her. At last the farmer found the owner of the basket. The lion tried his utmost to escape from it but failed.
He was an industrialist of the nearby town. He went to him and The mouse noticed the situation and decided to help the lion. It
gave him the basket. Finding the basket, the rich man became started to cut off the net with its sharp teeth. After sometimes,
very happy. He gave the farmer lots of thanks, but no reward. the lion was able to get out from the trap and thanked the mouse
Giving back the basket to its owner, the farmer became happy. for saving his life. So, nobody should neglect anyone treating as
Then he came back home. The farmer's wife looked at him very a small creature.
angrily and rebuked him for his foolishness. But the farmer did 24 Read the following story. It is not complete. Use your
not change his motto and stand. He kept on saying, "Honesty is imagination to complete it and give a suitable title.
the best policy." Rafiq got into the train. He found out his seat and sat down.
Some months went away. Suddenly one day the industrialist A few minutes later, another passenger claimed the seat and
arrived at his house. Both he and his wife got astonished at this. to his utter surprise, Rafiq discovered that he had got into
They tried their level best to entertain him. He praised the farmer the wrong train. But it was too late.
highly. Then he gave the farmer a handsome cash reward and Misfortune of Rafiq
gave him some plots of land, then took leave of them. The poor Rafiq got into the train. He found out his seat and sat down. A
farmer and his wife became very glad at the greatness of the rich few minutes later, another passenger claimed the seat and to his
man. utter surprise, Rafiq discovered that he had got into the wrong
Then the farmer called his wife and said to her, "Now have you train. But it was too late. The train had already left the station.
understood that honesty is the best policy?" The wife felt very There was no way to get down. Rafiq left the seat for the man
ashamed and said, "Really, honesty is the best policy." and told him about his mistake. The man felt sorry and
22 Read the following outlines and develop them into a suggested Rafiq getting down at the next station. Rafiq looked at
complete story. Give a suitable title to your story. his watch. It was almost 10 pm. So asked the man how much it
Once some mice were having a good time in a rich man's would take to reach the next station. The man replied that it
house. There was the availability of rich and tasty foods. would take about an hour. Rafiq lost his heart and got frightened
They ate cereal and made holes in the house. The mice also thinking what he would do getting down there. Besides, he had
cut the clothes and................................... two lac taka in his suitcase. He became pale thinking about
Who Is to Bell the Cat? upcoming danger. He was also fearful about the snatcher.
Once some mice were having a good time in a rich man's house. Finding him thoughtful, the man said that he would also get
There was the availability of rich and tasty foods. They ate down at the next station and assured that he would help him to
cereal and made holes in the house. The mice also cut the get into an inn. In the meantime, ticket master came and Rafiq
clothes and bit the sleeping children. They were always managed him showing his ticket. At last the train reached the
shrieking and squeaking in the house. So, the owner brought a station. Rafiq got down. The man showed Rafiq the way to the
cat to get relief from that disturbance. The cat started to hunt nearest inn. The town was very quiet and there was hardly any
mice everyday. The mice were afraid of it. people. There were not enough street lights. The road was dark.
So, all the mice sat together in a conference. Many of them put He was walking along the street. Suddenly, two people emerged
 n h e i j English  16
and pointed gun at him. They told him to give them all his amusing to him.
belongings. As he refused, one of them loaded the gun and Right at this moment, his only daughter entered the garden. He
threatened his life. He started trembling. His suitcase fell down took her into his arms to share his delight with her. But as soon
from his hand. He sat down. They snatched away his suitcase, as he touched her, she turned into gold. He became very shocked
moneybag everything. at this turn. He could not bear the pain caused by the loss of his
25 Read the beginning of the following story and complete daughter. He prayed to God to take back the destructive
it in your own way. Give a title to it: blessing. After a few moments, the girl came to life. Then the
Once a dog stole a piece of meat from a butcher's shop. He king became very happy.
ran away with it and at last went to a stream. There was a 28 Read the beginning of the following story and complete
plank across the............... it in your own way. Give a suitable title to it :
Too Much Greed, Too Much Sufferings Once there lived a king named Robert Bruce. He lost his
Once a dog stole a piece of meat from a butcher's shop. He ran kingdom being defeated by his enemies. He wished to
away with it and at last went to a stream. There was a plank regain his kingdom at any cost. He collected troops and
across the stream. The dog was running over the plank. He made six attempts one after another to drive away the
looked down into the stream at the time of running over the enemies. But by an irony of fate he was defeated each time.
plank across stream and saw clearly a dog's shadow in the water.
He then hid himself in a cave............................
The greedy dog thought that there was another dog carrying a
piece of meat. So he quickly jumped into the water. In doing so Perseverance Is the Key to Success
the dog lost the piece of meat from its mouth. The piece of meat Once there lived a king named Robert Bruce. He lost his
was carried away by the river. There was no other dog. The one kingdom being defeated by his enemies. He wished to regain his
it had attacked was its own shadow. The greedy dog was soaking kingdom at any cost. He collected troops and made six attempts
wet and with great difficulties reached the shore. one after another to drive away the enemies. But by an irony of
The greedy dog went home sluggishly. His stomach was getting fate he was defeated each time. He then hid himself in a cave.
even hungrier. The dog thought that too much greed had resulted He was in a gloomy mood there. One day the king was lying in
in such misery. the cave. He was thinking deeply. Suddenly a spider attracted his
26 Read the following story. It is not complete. Use your attention. The spider was trying to climb up the top of the cave
imagination to complete it and give it a suitable title: again and again. But it was falling down repeatedly. In spite of
Once a boy named Arif was coming home from the school this, it did not give up its attempt.
on foot. Suddenly, he noticed a money bag lying beside the It failed for seven times, but it was not disheartened.
road. He thought for a while.......... Then it made another attempt. On the eighth attempt it
Responsibility of a Young Boy
succeeded. That is, on the eighth attempt at last, it was able to
Once a boy named Arif was coming home from his school on
climb the roof of the cave.
foot. Suddenly he noticed a moneybag lying beside the road. He
thought for a while. He was confused to take up the bag as The king was inspired at this and took a lesson from the
somebody might treat him as a thief. Again he was not such activities of the spider that perseverance is the key to all success.
irresponsible as to overlook the matter. So, he shook off Just then, he made up his mind to make an attempt more. He
hesitation and took the bag to his house. collected his troops again and encouraged them. With a firm
At home, he consulted the fact with his parents and his younger determination, he along with his soldiers attacked his enemies
sister. His parents advised him to search for the owner of the bag once again.
and he found a big amount of money. Inside the moneybag, he This time he could defeat his enemies and got back his lost
found a visiting card with phone number. Arif decided to call on kingdom.
the number. A grave male voice answered on the other end. Arif 29 Complete the following story following the cue.
enclosed his identity and the fact of getting the moneybag. The There was a little pond beside the play ground. There lived
receiver demanded that he owned that bag with money. Arif some frogs in the pond. One day some boys were playing
tried to test the man if he was speaking the truth. The beside the pond. They were disturbed by the croaking of
conversation between them removed Arif's confusion. Arif
some frogs............
became sure of his ownership of the bag.
He gave his residence's address to the man. The man met Arif What Is Fun to One Is Death to Another
and thanked him a lot for his responsibility. He also gifted Arif a There was a little pond beside the play ground. There lived some
nice story book. frogs in the pond. One day some boys were playing beside the
27 Read the following outlines and develop them into a pond. They were disturbed by the croaking of some frogs. So
complete story. Give a suitable title to it : they made a plan and said to each other, ―Let us throw stones at
Once upon a time, there was a king called Midas. He was them.‖
very rich and loved gold more than anything else. He had a They began to throw stones at the frogs. Soon some were
large kingdom, and a lovely little daughter. But he was not injured. All the frogs were in danger. There was an old frog. It
happy because he......................... planned a wise plan. It put its head out of the water and said,
The Golden Touch ―Boys, why are you throwing stones at us?‖ The boys replied,
Once upon a time, there was a king called Midas. He was very ―We are making fun only.‖ At this the old frog said, ―What is
rich and loved gold more than anything else. He had a large fun to you is death to us.‖
kingdom, and a lovely little daughter. But he was not happy But the boys did not stop. They kept throwing stones at the
because he was never content with the heap of gold he had. He
frogs. At one stage, a frog was so hurt that it died on the spot.
always wished for a golden touch. A wish god granted him the
The other frogs said, ―Oh boys! Please stop the cruel game. One
golden touch.
One morning, he got up early in the morning. He started walking of us has died. Please stop throwing stones at us.‖
about his garden as usual. He touched a white rose in the garden, The boys were ashamed of this. They stopped their funny games.
and saw, it turned into gold. He was amazed. It was really Being repentant the boys stopped throwing stones.

 n h e i j English  17
30 Complete the following story following the cue. 02 Write a letter to your friend who smokes a lot of
There lived a wolf / tiger in a wood. He killed a lamb, but cigarettes describing the bad effects of smoking and
as he went on eating the flesh, a bone stuck................. advising him to stop it.
Ungratefulness/A Wolf And a Crane 18 February, 2022
There lived a wolf in a wood. He killed a lamb, but as he went Mirbag, Rangpur
on eating the flesh, a bone stuck in his throat. This gave him
My dear Rana
pain and he went about not knowing what to do. At first take my cordial love and hearten greetings from the
He was howling on in agony. While moving here and there, core of heart. I am very anxious about you as you smoke a
suddenly he saw a crane at a distance. He asked the crane lot of cigarettes a day. Smoking is surely harmful to health.
towards him and requested it to help him in his great trouble. I hope this letter will be able to make you conscious of the
The wolf lured the crane that it would give lot of rewards. bad effects of smoking and help you stop it.
The greedy crane immediately agreed. It put its long beak into Smoking causes a major health hazard. It is so dangerous
the wolf‘s throat and removed the piece of bone. that it may cause cancer, heart attack, chronic bronchitis and
The wolf was relieved of his pain. Then the crane asked for the other diseases. One puff of cigarette smoke contains more
rewards. or less nicotine, methyl alcohol, carbon monoxide,
formaldehyde, arsenic, benzopyrene and several other acids
The wolf laughed at the crane and said, "Why? You have
which are fatal to human beings. It will decay and destroy
already had sufficient rewards in having been permitted to draw you day by day. So you should stop it without further delay.
out your beak and head in safety from the mouth and jaws of a With best wishes to you.
wolf." "So I have already rewarded you without biting your Yours ever
head. Run away from here, else I will kill you." The crane was Minha
very much disappointed and ran away to save its life. 03 Your father sent you a letter not to waste time using
facebook/internet. Now, write a letter to reply it.
English
17, North Brook Road, Jessore
Informal Letter First Paper 25 April, 2022
01 Write a letter to your pen-friend about Bangladesh and My dear father
her people. I hope you are hale and hearty. I [DB'
have 17]
just received your
Pabna letter. In your letter you have forbidden me to waste my
3 February 2022 time by using facebook. I know it well that you have told
Dear John this because of the adverse effects of facebook. But it has
Thank you for your letter. Thanks for your interest to know some advantages too. It is a great/best way to keep in touch
about my country. I am writing a few words about it. with the family and friends who live far away. We can
Bangladesh is a small country. Its land area is 1,47,570 easily communicate with our near and dear ones with instant
messaging and even video chat. We can easily update status,
square kilometers. It became independent through a
photos and profile information through it. In spite of having
sanguinary war in 1971. Thirty lakhs of people died for the
many advantages it has some disadvantages too. Many
country. It is a tropical country. It has six seasons. It is students become addicted to it and waste their valuable time
called a land of rivers as it is criss-crossed by hundreds and in using facebook that may hamper their studies. They
thousands of rivers and tributaries. Our land is very fertile. suffer in the long run. I am aware of the demerits of it. So, I
The monsoon blows over it and there is a lot of rain here. It am assuring you that I will take the best of it. But I will not
has too big a population. It is now a fast developing country. spend much time in using it.
Though my country is small, it is rich in crops, fruits, No more today. Salam to mother and love to my youngers.
flowers, birds and animals. Rice with fish is our staple food. Your son
Ours is a very beautiful country. The climate is neither too Ratul
hot nor too cold. As it is a country of heavy rainfall, floods
04 Write a letter to your friend telling him about taking
occur every year. Floods cause a great damage to life and
food in a Chinese restaurant.
property. Our people are very simple. Most people are N.S. Road
farmers. We want love and peace. There are people of Kushtia
different communities who live in harmony. We have 22 January 2022
different festivals and rituals. The natural beauty of the
country is charming. The spring is the most beautiful season My dear friend
when nature smiles with sights and sounds. We are proud of Thank you for your letter. I am glad to know about your
our country, our culture and heritage. You are cordially interesting experience of attending a wedding party.
invited to visit our country. I am also telling you my experience of taking food in the
Cantoon restaurant in Kushtia. It is a luxurious restaurant in
Hope to hear from you soon. I am fine.
the heart of the town. It remains constantly illuminated at
Yours ever
night. The environment inside the restaurant is very
Alam charming. The dinner was served at 8.30 pm. We were four
5" friends at the same table. At first, soup was given. It was
Stamp very tasty. Then other items were served. The menu
From To consisted of chicken fry, polao, lobster, mutton, vegetables,
Alam John 3
fruits and sweets. Every item was sufficient for us. We ate
Pabna Austria to our heart's content. The waiters were very polite. Their
 n h e i j English  18
 service was excellent. Your letter is to hand. I am happy to know that you are fine.
When we were taking food, an interesting thing happened. But I am sorry to learn that you are less interested in
A seven-year old boy was eating with his mother. Suddenly, communicative English. You must know about its importance.
he became very violent and threw away the plate of food at Modern English is communicative English. It is necessary for
his mother's face. It made us all laugh. us to communicate with the foreigners. Nowadays, many
That's all for today. I am fine. With best love to you. people go to foreign countries for employment. They have to
speak English. In different international forums we have to
Yours ever speak English. For overseas correspondence, we must
Nadim understand what the foreigners say. If we are not fluent in
05 Write a letter to your cousin about the procedure of spoken and written English, we cannot maintain our
admission to college. diplomatic and all commercial activities internationally. In
897, Sobhanbagh that case, we shall be isolated from the global village.
Dhaka -1217 Without knowing English we cannot get a good job.
7 June 2022 Ours is a developing country. We cannot keep pace with
other nations without English. So I suggest you to lay
My dear Rupa importance on English specially communicative English
Thank you for your letter to know the procedure of which means the language of conversation, correspondence
admission to college. I am telling you about it. or knowledge of functional English. It does not mean
For admission to a college you have to apply in a prescribed literature. It is easy to learn.
form. So you have to bring a form from your preferred That's all for today. I am fine. Hope to hear from you.
school. Then you will fill in the form. After this, you will Yours sincerely,
submit the application along with a passport size Mehdi.
photograph, an academic transcript and a copy of 08 Write a letter to your younger brother/friend about the
testimonial from your school. Some colleges want the importance of physical exercise.
income certificate of the applicant's father or guardian and a Mymensingh
nationality certificate. 3 January 2022
If the applicants are more than the seat capacity of the
college, an admission test or interview is held. Otherwise, My dear brother
you will be selected for admission in order of merit in the Your letter is to hand. I am very glad to know that you are
S.S.C. Examination. Then you have to pay the fees and regular in studies. But I am worried about your health
other charges for admission. After admission your name because you are often suffering from different complaints.
will be entered in the admission register and you will have a In order to keep in good health you should take physical
roll number. exercise. I am writing a few words about its importance.
You can get a prospectus from the college to know the rules Physical exercise is a systematic exertion of human body. It is
and regulations of admission. I suggest you to collect a copy good for us in a number of ways. It helps our muscles and
of the prospectus. nerves to work properly. It helps to breathe more deeply and
I am fine. No more today. get more oxygen into our lungs. Physical exercise helps to
Your cousin digest our food well and increase appetite. This is why the
Shahidul person who takes physical exercise can eat enough and does
06 Write a letter to your uncle about your visit to a place of not have any indigestion. It helps the blood to circulate all
historical importance. over the body properly. It also prevents constipation. Physical
Dhaka exercise helps to remove insomnia. It increases immunity in
2 March 2022 the body.
Regular physical exercise with proper food and rest can help
My dear uncle
a man to build a good health and maintain it. So I am
Accept my compliments. I am fine. I hope you are fine too.
advising you to take regulated form of exercise. I hope you
Last week I had a visit to Sonargaon. You know about the
will follow my advice.
place. I went there by bus. I had a wonderful experience
I am well. With best love to you.
there. I went round the museum and saw many historical
relics in it. They gave me both pleasure and practical
Your elder brother
knowledge. I have learnt about the coins, soldiers, their
Saif
uniform, weapons and armours of heroes of Bengal during
09 Write a letter advising your brother to avoid evil
the time of Isha Khan and Giasuddin Azam Shah. In the
company.
museum a guide helped me. It was a fine excursion for me. I
63 Elephant Road
took down some information in my diary about my journey.
Dhaka
I had a camera with me. I took some photographs which
5 June 2022
will give you pleasure. I returned by bus in the afternoon.
I shall tell you more about the visit when I meet you.
My dear brother
Your loving nephew I received your letter yesterday. I am glad to know that you
Nafiz have got many new friends.
07 Write a letter to your friend about the importance of I think all your friends may not be good friends. So I am
communicative English. advising you to choose good friends and not to keep
Dhanmondi company with bad boys.
Dhaka You should know the consequences of evil company. Evil
3 June 2022 company is like a rotten fruit that affects other fruits with it.
Dear Friend Similarly, bad boys will make you bad. They will
 n h e i j English  19
 demoralize you and spoil your career. Bad boys do not obey 12 Write a letter to your younger brother/friend about the
their parents. They do not attend college regularly. They do importance of reading newspaper.
not listen to what their teachers say. They are not polite. 10 Motijheel
Bad boys are imprudent. They cannot prosper in life. Before Dhaka
you become intimate with new friends, you should identify 6 March 2022
whether they are good or bad. Never make friendship with
bad boys. Remember that a man is known by the company My dear Rahmat
he keeps. Beware of false friends. They are opportunists. I I am very glad to receive your letter. You are interested to
want you to follow my advice. know about the benefits and importance of reading
I wish you a happy and prosperous life. May Allah bless newspaper. Many thanks for such a letter.
you. Reading newspaper means reading current history. It has a
Your elder brother lot of benefits. If you read newspaper regularly, you can
Morshed know what is happening around the world. Reading
10 Write a letter advising your brother to be attentive to his newspaper will make you a conscious and good citizen. It
studies. will increase your general knowledge. If you read
Luxmibazar, Dhaka newspaper regularly, it will develop your vocabulary. There
6 June 2022 is a children's page in newspaper. If you read it, you will
My dear brother have both joy and knowledge. Newspaper tells you about
Your letter is to hand. I am very glad to know about your market price, job opportunities, lost and found things and
performance in the annual sports of your college. But I am advertisements. It contains the news of things for sale and
very anxious about your studies. Your progress report purchase. You can know weather report and views of
shows that you are not regular in studies. important people as well as policy of the Government.
You are my only younger brother. You are my pride. Our Newspaper has some demerits. But still reading a
hopes and aspirations center round you. We want you to be newspaper is good for you if you want to learn from it.
a doctor. I know that you are ambitious. But remember that Remember one thing, never read newspaper leaving your
you cannot shine in life if you do not study regularly. You lessons.
are now in class 11. This is high time for you to become I am fine. With love to you.
punctual, serious, regular and attentive. Your elder brother
As I am your elder brother, it is my duty to guide and advise Nadim
you. Do not miss any class and never put off any lesson for 13 Write a letter to your younger brother/friend about the
tomorrow. Practise writing regularly to improve your importance of games and sports.
handwriting and avoid the slip of the pen. Irregularity is a 11/4, Pallabi
bad habit. Do not keep late hours before the examination. Dhaka
Those who study seriously just before the examination 6 June 2022
cannot do well in the examination. It is because they are not My dear brother
regular. So I advise you to be regular. I want you to be I am glad to know about your things of interest. But I am
attentive to studies if you want to reach the goal of life. not happy to know that you have less interest in games and
I am fine. With love to you and your friends. sports. I am telling you why you should take part in games
Your elder brother and sports. Games and sports are closely related to our life
Maruf and education. Taking part in games is essential for all
11 Write a letter congratulating your friend on his success students. Only work makes our life dull and cheerless.
in the exam. Shakespeare said that all work but no play makes Jack a dull
890, Shahidbagh boy. Game is a part of our life. It is never good for a student
Dhaka-1217 to remain busy with lessons only.
6 June 2022
Regular games and sports keep our body and mind fresh.
Dear friend
They keep our body strong and energetic. Games teach us
I have received the news about your success in the SSC
discipline, cooperation, patience and obedience. Victory in
Examination. I extend my best congratulation to you on
games brings glory for the winners. Excellence in games
your brilliant success. It's a unique achievement in your life.
My parents are very glad to hear the news. I feel proud of and sports improves the image of the nation.
you. So it is said that a good sportsman is better than several
You have secured GPA 5. It's a grand success. You have ambassadors. Taking part in games is also good for health.
brought a great glory to your family and the college. It is a So I suggest you to take part in games regularly.
rare academic distinction for you. Because, it is only you We all are fine. With best love to you and your friends.
who have achieved laurels of success from your college. Your brother
I know that your aim in life is to become a doctor. So I Nur
suggest you for admission into a famous college where you 14 Write a letter to your friend/ younger brother advising
can have a congenial environment for studies. I know you him to improve his English learning.
are careful. But still I advise you not to involve yourself in Kotbari
politics. Comilla
Try to do much better in your future life. Ability, integrity 7 March 2022
and hard work will bring you success. And you have these My dear Nahid
qualities. I am sure that you will reach the goal of your life. I am glad to receive your letter. But I am sorry to know that
Convey my best regards to your parents. Again with you are not good at English. English is an international
heartiest congratulations and best wishes. language and we cannot keep pace with other nations
Yours ever without knowing it. If you want to have a good job, you
Rahman must know English. So I am telling you how to improve
 n h e i j English  20
 your English learning. are also very much related with the study because without a
You must read this subject regularly. You have to learn the sound health a student cannot concentrate on his study.
vocabulary and their uses. Don't memorize anything without Games and sports pave the way for building sound health.
understanding. You should know the basic rules of Moreover, co-curricular activities help us to foster good will.
grammar. They will help you make correct sentences. You They teach students to be polite, modest, gentle, loyal,
should write whatever you read and learn. It will help you diligent and perseverant. They also tighten the bondage of
keep it in memory. It is said that writing one time is equal to friendship and brotherhood among the students. This is why
reading ten times. Besides these, you should practise the our college authority gives so much emphasis on co-
four language skills—listening, speaking, reading and curricular activities as our routine work in the college.
writing. Without practising these four skills, you can never
No more today. Hope my letter will encourage you to take
learn a foreign language. So practise these skills in different
part in co-curricular activities of your college. Give my
ways. I want you to follow my advice.
regards to your parents.
I shall tell you more when I come home. I am fine. With
best wishes for your success. Your loving friend
Your elder brother Monir/Monira
Nadim
15 Write a letter to your father about your progress in 17 You are Mijan. Your friend wants to know about your
studies and preparation for the exam. preparation for H.S.C exam. Now, write a letter to him
Sonapur College informing about your preparation.
Hostel Room No. 12 B 31 March, 2022
Sonapur. Trunk Road, Munshigonj
31 March, 2022 Dear Hasan
My dear father Hope you are well. I am Ok. You have wanted to know
Your letter is to hand. You are anxious to know about my about my preparation for HSC Exam.
progress in studies and preparation for the coming I am always good in English and Bangla. I have already
examination. I request you not to be anxious. I am going on taken a good preparation on these subjects. I am weak in
well with my studies. physics and math. So I am very careful in preparing myself
Dad, you know that I am reading English and Mathematics for these two subjects. I am revising physics and math
with private tutors. Now I do not find any topic difficult for topics again and again.
me. I have prepared standard notes on all science subjects as So I hope to do well in the exam.
well as English and Bengali. I have learnt the answers to all Now my all thoughts and motivations are concerned with it.
important and probable questions. Now my revision is going Take care.
on. You will be glad to know that this is my second time Your friend
revision. There are still seven days ahead for the Mijan
examination to begin. I want to revise the course again for 18 Write a letter to your friend describing a picnic you
the third time. You advised me to write whatever I read and enjoyed.
learn. I am doing so and by learning in this way I have Tangail,
achieved a very rapid and lasting effect. Now I can learn 7 March, 2022
and remember easily. In the class tests my performance is My dear Atique
very good, too. I hope I shall do very well. Now I need How are you? I am fine. Yesterday I enjoyed a picnic. I am
blessings of you and mother. telling you a few words about it.
Convey my regards to mother. I am fine. With best regards We, the students of our class arranged the picnic. We went
to you. to the National Park at Gazipur. We went there by a hired
Yours affectionately bus. We reached there by 10 am. Then we had our breakfast
Nayeem with eggs, loaves and bananas. After breakfast, we walked
16 Suppose, you are Monir/Monira living at Sonapur, around the venue and enjoyed the natural beauty. Then we
Chandpur and a student of Nurpur College. Your friend, went near the lake and saw the lotuses. We were charmed to
Nazim/ Nazma lives at Kaptai, Rangamati. He/She wants to see the beauty of these flowers.
know about the co-curricular activities of your college. By this time our meal was ready. Everybody sat to eat. First
Now, write a letter to your friend describing the co- I served food and then ate with the last group. The delicious
curricular activities of your college. food consisted of polao, chicken roast, mutton rejala, salad,
Rokeya Villa curd and an apple for each. Everybody ate to his heart's
Sonapur, Chandpur content.
18 March, 2022 After meals, we enjoyed some interesting events. Some
Dear Nazim/Najma students presented songs. Some students told jokes. A
I have received your letter on the 12th instant. In your letter student played on a flute. Prizes were given among the best
you asked me to let you know about the co-curricular performers. Many photographs were taken. I shall show you
activities of our college and the benefits of such activities. the copies.
Here is a brief description of the co-curricular activities of When it was about evening, we came back to Dhaka.
our college. No more today. Hoping to hear from you.
As a part of co-curricular activities our college includes Yours ever
debate, publication of magazine, cultural activities such as Hamid
singing, dancing. Co-curricular activities help us to bring out
the best and the latent talents of us. Again games and sports
 n h e i j English  21
 English Rahat. His email ID is rahat_2001@gmail.com. Now email
Or, Informal E-mail First Paper him inviting to attend your birthday party.
01 Write an email to your friend informing him about your To: rahat_2020@gmail.com
preparation for the exam. Subject: invitation
To : lamia2020@yahoo.com Hi, Rahat
Subject : preparation for the exam How are you? I'm passing my days quite well. You'll be
Hi, Lamia very glad to hear that I'm going to celebrate my birthday on
How are you? Hope that you are fine. In your last email you 15 March. I'll be very happy if you arrive in Comilla by 14
wanted to know about my preparation for the coming March. I know you are busy with your studies but my
examination. My preparation in all subjects except English birthday party will remain incomplete (Am¤•–Y©) if you
is good. I am trying my best to prepare myself for the exam. don't participate.
Pray for me. With best wishes to you. No more today. Please convey my best regards to your
parents and affection to your younger sister.
Your best friend May Allah bless you.
Nadia Islam
02 Suppose, your friend got first prize on a debate competition. Yours
Now, write an email congratulating him. Sumon
To: adiat15@gmail.com 06 Write an email to your father requesting him to send
Subject: congratulation you some money to buy books.
Dear Adiat To: jahid_64@gmail.com
I received your email just a few minutes ago. We all are Subject: money for buying books
going very well. I am very glad to know about your recent My dear father
success on a debate competition where you got first prize. Please accept my salam first. I hope that you are well by the
My parents are also happy after hearing this. Please accept grace of Almighty Allah. You know that I have been
my heartiest congratulations on this glorious achievement. promoted to the next higher class. Our new class has already
In fact, your hard work and your splendid performance been started. That's why I have to buy some new books for
bring you success every time. the new class. I need some 1500/= taka to buy the books. If
you send the money by post as early as possible it will be
That's all for today. Convey my regards to your parents. My much helpful for me. Please bless me so that I can build up
best wishes for your bright future. a successful career.
With best regards to mother and love to younger brother and
Yours ever, sister.
Shayan
03 Write an email to your friend inviting him to join a Yours affectionately
picnic. Sayeed
To: keya_2020@gmail.com 07 Write an email to your friend congratulating him/her on
Subject: invitation his/her brilliant success.
Hi, Keya To: nasir25@yahoo.com
How are you? I am passing my days quite well. Our college Subject: congrats
will be closed for winter vacation on Thursday next. You Hi, Nasir
will be glad to know that we are going to have a picnic on
the 15th instant. We have decided to go to Patenga Sea Your letter is just to my hand. I am very much glad at your
Beach, Chittagong. I hope we will have a nice time if you excellent result in the SSC examination. I offer my heartiest
join us. congratulation on your brilliant success. I am very much
No more today. Convey my best regards to your parents and pleased with your result. I knew that you would cut an
love to the youngers. excellent figure in the SSC examination. But I was really in
Yours ever some doubt whether you could do such outstanding result.
Mahi However, the result will inspire you to make further brilliant
04 Suppose, you are Rina and your friend is Tony. Now, email success.
your friend thanking him for his sending you a birthday
gift. With best wishes to you and your parents.
To : tony_bashabd@yahoo.com Your loving friend
Subject : thanks for birthday gift Anis
Hi, Tony
I hope that you are fine. Yesterday you did not attend my 08 Suppose, you are Munira and your friend is Labonnya. Your
birthday party but sent a nice gift. It would add to my friend borrowed a book from you. But your examination is
pleasure if you came. near. Now write an email to your friend to return the
However, your gift has given me immense joy. As you are book.
my best friend I shall always keep the gift with care. To: labonnoya_2020@gmail.com
Thanks a lot. Take care. Subject: returning the book

Yours ever Hi, Labonnya

Rina How are you? I hope that you are fine by the grace of the
Almighty Allah. I'm also fine. I think you have already
05 Suppose, you are Sumon. Your email ID is finished reading the book that you borrowed from me last
sumon_2020@yahoo.com. You have a friend named month. My examination is knocking at the door. That is
 n h e i j English  22
 why, I'm badly in need of the book. Please send the book as My dear father
quickly as possible. Take my salam. I have come to know that you are anxious
No more today. Pray for me. Best wishes to you. about my progress in studies and preparation for the coming
examination. I request you not to be anxious. I am going on
Yours ever well with my studies. I have learnt the answers to all
Munira important and probable questions. Now my revision is going
09 Write an email to your father informing him of your on. You will be glad to know that this is my second time
result that has been published recently. revision. I hope I shall do very well. Now I need blessings
To : jahidulislam@gmail.com of you and mother. Convey my regards to mother. I am fine.
Subject : result With best regards to you.
Yours affectionately
Dear father Nayeem
Take my salam. Today I am very happy. My half yearly 13 Suppose you have a pen friend. He/She wants to know
exam's result has been published today. You will be glad to about your country. Now write an email to him/her
know that I have stood first in the examination. Pray for me describing about your country and its natural beauty.
so that I can continue my study attentively and cut a good To : John_anderson_nyork@yahoo.com
figure in the next exams. Subject : a beautiful country

With best regards to mother and love to younger brother and Hi, John
sister. Thank you for email. You wanted to know about
Yours affectionately Bangladesh, our country.
Anik Bangladesh is a secular and democratic republic. It gained
10 Write an email to your pen friend asking him/her to visit independence from Pakistan in 1971 through a bloody war.
Bangladesh. Our country has an area of 1,47,570 square kilometres.
To : edward12@yahoo.com About 160 million people live here.
Subject : invitation to visit our country Ours is a poor country. Most of the people live below
poverty line. Besides natural calamities like flood, drought
Hi, Edward and cyclone hamper our economic progress.
I hope you are well. It is late autumn in Bangladesh. Gentle However, ours is also a country of extraordinary natural
breeze is blowing from the north. The fields are covered beauty. It is adorned with green fields and innumerable
with paddy. I am inviting you to come to my beautiful rivers. It is a land of six seasons. The natural landscape
country. Bangladesh is endowed with many historically changes with the advent of each new season. We shall be
important places. The Lalbagh Fort of Dhaka is a very glad if you come. So please try to come here.
reminiscent of Mogul architecture, The National Museum at Take care.
Shahbagh will tell you many things of our glorious days.
The Liberation War Museum will let you know about Sincerely yours
people's sacrifice and our glorious victory in the war of Rahat
1971. 14 Write an email to your friend describing a historical
No more today. You are cordially invited to Bangladesh place.
once again. And wherever you are, live happily and To : mohiuddinjilaniju@gmail.com
peacefully. Subject : a visit to the Taj Mahal
Hi, Mahi
Your friend I hope that you are well and good. I returned home
Robi yesterday from a visit to India. I went to visit Agra with my
11 Write an email to your younger brother advising him to parents and uncle. I passed there about a week. It's my
be regular in studies. pleasure to inform you that I was able to see the beauty of
To : mahfuz-2020@gmail. com the magnificent Mughal monument Taj Mahal with my own
Subject : be regular in studies eyes. The beauty of the Taj is in a word beyond description.
The construction of the Taj was a token of love, the eternal
Hi, Mahfuz feeling of humans in the form of a monument. However, the
How are you? I hope that you are fine. From mother I have pattern, structure, design and overall setting of this beautiful
heard that you are not attentive to your study. You are building catch a spellbound effect to the onlookers.
wasting your valuable time by playing and making fun with However, we also visited many other places surrounding it.
your friends. It's not good at all. You have to study No more today.
attentively to make a good result in the coming exam. I
hope you will start to study regularly. Yours ever
No more today. Take care. Milon
15 Write an email to your friend asking him to give up the
Your elder sister habit of taking drugs.
Sweety To : masum_billah@yahoo.com
12 Write an email to your father about your progress in Subject : giving up drug
studies and preparation for the exam. Hi, Masum
Hope you are well. I have heard that you have recently been
To : monirahmed@gmail.com addicted to drugs. It is really unexpected. Drug addiction
leads a person to physical and mental destruction. It is a
Subject: about studies curse on the society. So you have to give up this habit. In a
 n h e i j English  23
 week's time, I want to hear that you have given it up. and will develop your vocabulary. Newspaper tells you
Wish you all the best. about market price, job opportunities, lost and found things
and advertisements. You can know weather report and
Yours ever views of important people as well as policy of the
Sumon Government. Remember one thing, never read newspaper
16 Write an email to your friend showing sympathy for his leaving your lessons.
father's death.
To : amiya_rahman@gmail.com I am fine. With love to you.
Subject : 'do not break down, my friend'
Hi, friend Yours ever
I am sorry to hear that your father has passed away. He was Sumon/Sumona
a noble and benevolent person indeed. I respect and honour
such a good man. 20 Your younger brother does not know the importance of
Yet what can we do? As a law of nature, man must die. We physical exercise. Now, write an email to him describing
all have the same fate in this world. So do not grieve too the importance of physical exercise.
much. It will tell upon your health and you will not be able To : towhidul@gmail.com
to do your duties properly. Subject : importance of physical exercise
My dear brother
No more today. Keep patience. Take care. I am very glad to know that you are regular in studies. But I
Your bosom friend am worried about your health because you are often
Amin suffering from different complaints. In order to keep in
17 Compose an email to your friend greeting him/her good health you should take physical exercise. I am writing
happy new year. a few words about its importance.
To : shayon_wari@gmail.com Physical exercise is good for us in a number of ways. It
Subject : happy new year helps our muscles and nerves to work properly. It helps to
Hi! Shayon breathe more deeply and get more oxygen into our lungs.
"Happy New Year". I wish you a happy and joyous new The person who takes physical exercise can eat enough and
year. I hope the New Year will bring good luck to your life. does not have any indigestion. It helps the blood to
circulate all over the body properly.
Lovingly yours Regular physical exercise with proper food and rest can
Sakib help a man to build good health and maintain it. So I am
advising you to take exercise. I hope you will follow my
18 Write an email to your friend describing the co- advice.
curricular activities of your college. I am well. With best love to you.
To : nazimhossain@gmail.com
Subject : co-curricular activities Your elder brother
Hi, Nazim/ Najma Saif
Thanks for your email. You wanted to know about the co- 21 Imagine you are Sourav/Raya of 105 Mirpur Road, Dhaka.
curricular activities of our college. Here is a brief One of your friends is very weak in English. Now, write an
description of co-curricular activities of our college. email to your friend Nabil/Raka telling him/her about
As a part of co-curricular activities our college includes how to improve English.
debate, publication of magazine, cultural activities such as To : nabilahmed@yahoo.com
singing, dancing, games and sports etc. Co-curricular Subject : how to improve English
activities help us to foster good will. They teach students to Hi, Nabil
be polite, modest, gentle, loyal, diligent and persevering. I am glad to receive your email. You wanted to know about
They also tighten the bondage of friendship and the way of improving English. So I am telling you how to
brotherhood among the students. This is why, our college improve your English learning.
authority gives much emphasis on co-curricular activities as You must read this subject regularly. You have to learn
our routine work in the college. vocabulary and their uses. You should know the basic rules
No more today. Write to me about the co-curricular of grammar. They will help you make correct sentences.
activities of your college. Besides, you should practise the four language skills—
listening, speaking, reading and writing. Without practising
Your loving friend these four skills, you can never learn a foreign language. I
Monir/Monira want you to follow my advice.
19 Write an email to your friend telling him/her about the Take care
benefits of reading newspaper. Your loving friend
To : aminislam@yahoo.com Sourav/ Raya
Subject : benefits of reading newspaper 22 An email to your friend describing how to use internet.
Hi, Amin/Amina To : bashirahmed@gmail.com
I am very glad to receive your email. You wanted to know Subject : how to use internet
about the benefits and importance of reading newspaper. Hi, Bashir
Many thanks for such an email. Thanks for your email. You wanted to know about the
Reading newspaper has a lot of benefits. If you read method of using internet. I am writing you about it.
newspaper regularly, you can know what happens around At first, start the computer. Then connect the modem with
the world. Reading newspaper will make you a conscious the computer. Now a red light will be seen in the modem
and good citizen. It will increase your general knowledge which will later turn to blue, The blue light indicates that
 n h e i j English  24
 internet is on. Then run the search engine (like Mozilla heart's content. Their service was excellent.
Firefox) to get entrance into Internet software. You can do That's all for today. I am fine. With best love to you.
various useful tasks like sending email, chatting, knowing
something from encyclopedia, listening music or watching Yours ever
movies through internet. Nishad
That's all. No more today. Take care. 26 Write an email to your friend inviting him to attend the
wedding ceremony of your elder brother/ sister.
Yours ever To: ahmedsharif@yahoo.com
Shakil Subject : invitation
23 Write an email to your younger brother about the Hi, Sharif
importance of learning English. How are you? I hope that you are fine. I am passing my
To : sujankhan@yahoo.com days in business. Because the wedding ceremony of my
Subject : importance of learning English elder sister will be held on 17 instant. You are heartily
Hi, Sujan requested to attend the ceremony. Converse with you on
My love to you. I came to know that you have got very poor meeting. Till then bye.
marks in English in your examination. I have observed that
you are not keen to learn English. The importance of Yours ever
learning English is immense. Ashik
English is an international language. It is the official and
state language of many countries of the world. At present it 27 Write an email to your friend describing the prize giving
has become the main medium of communication. You ceremony of your college.
cannot hope to communicate with the other countries or To: jahangir_01714@gmail.com
with the foreigners without knowing English. Getting a Subject: prize giving ceremony
good job now totally depends on the knowledge of English. Hi, Jahangir Alam
Books on advanced learning, science and technology and Thanks for your email. I'm very glad to know that you are
literature are also published in English. So if you want to keenly interested to know about the prize giving ceremony
keep pace with the modern world, you ought to learn of our college. I'm giving a short description of it. Last
English and put more emphasis on it. week the prize giving ceremony of our college was held. It
No more today. More when we will meet. was a very enjoyable and interesting one. It was held in our
large college auditorium. The chief guest took his chair at
Your loving sister the right time. At 4 p.m. the ceremony began. Our Principal
Amita read out the annual report. The winners received prizes from
24 Write an email to your friend inviting him to spend the the chief guest by turns. I personally got two prizes for good
summer vacation with you in your village home. result and modesty. The ceremony was finished with a
To : azadmahmood@gmail.com cultural function. Really it was a cheerful ceremony.
Subject : invitation Love to you and all of your family.
Hi, Azad
Our examination is over. Our college has been closed for Yours ever
the summer vacation. I think your college is also closed A. Mannan Hawlader
now. I have decided to spend the summer vacation in our
village home. I want to take you with me. If you come, I English
shall be very glad. You will be glad to know that our village Graph & Chart First Paper
stands by a small river. We will bathe and catch fish in this 01 The chart/graph shows the gradual rise in the internet users in
river. Besides there are lots of fruitful trees in our village Bangladesh. Now, write a paragraph analyzing/describing the
home. We will bring down fruits from different trees. I graph and give a suitable title to it.
believe everything of our village will give you much
pleasure. Don't miss it.
No more today. With best wishes to you.
Yours ever
Md Kamaluddin
25 Write an email to your friend telling him about taking
food in a Chinese restaurant.
To : redwan_jamil@gmail.com The Internet Users in Bangladesh
Subject : dinner in a Chinese restaurant The graph above clearly shows the number of internet users in
Bangladesh. It shows that the number of internet users has increased to
My dear friend a large extent. The graph shows the rise in the internet users from 2000
Thank you for your email. I am glad to know about your to 2009. In 2000, the number of the internet users was .003 lac whereas
interesting experience of attending a wedding party. in 2002, it rose to 1.50 lac in number. In the next year, the number of
I am also telling you about my experience of a dinner in the the internet users reached to 2.43 lac and it reached to 3 lac in 2005. In
Cantoon Restaurant in Kushtia. It is a luxurious restaurant 2007, the number of the internet users rose to 5 lac.
In 2008, the users of the internet were 5.56 lac which rose to 6.17 lac in
in the heart of the town. The environment inside the
the next one year. From the above graph, it is crystal-clear that more
restaurant is very charming. and more people are being interested in using internet keeping pace
We were four in number. At first, soup was given. It was with the developed countries. It would not be wrong to say that the day
very tasty. Then other items were served. The menu is not far away when almost everyone will use the internet in their daily
consisted of chicken fry, fried rice, lobster, mutton and activities.
vegetables. Every item was sufficient for us. We ate to our
 n h e i j English  25
02 The graph below shows the number of people living below the World Population Growth
poverty line. Now, write a paragraph based on the information The bar graph shows the growth of the world population between the
given in the graph and give a suitable title to it.
year 1750 AD and 2000 AD. In the year 1750 the world population was
The Number of People Living below the Poverty Line (%)
800 million. By the year 1800 the population rose to 1000 million.
So it is found that in the 50 years between the year 1750 and 1800 the
increased population is 200 million. And in the year 1850 the
population rose to 1250 million. In these 50 years the growth is 250
million. In another 50 years world population reached to 1500 million.
Again in 1950 world population rose to 2000 million. But finally in
2000, world population rose to 6000 million. In these 50 years world
The Number of People Living below the Poverty Line population increased 4000 million!
Bangladesh is a developing country and almost 50% people here live
below the poverty line. The above graph shows the rate of people living So, it is seen that population is growing always.
under the poverty line from 1995 to 2010. The graph shows that in 06 The following bar chart shows the percentage of early
1995, population below the poverty line was 35.6% and between 1995 marriage in Bangladesh, India and Nepal in different decades.
and 2004, it came up to 38%. It was unfortunate that population below
poverty line in 2004 became 45% and this rate was 44% between 2004 Now write a paragraph on "Statistics of Early Marriage"
and 2008. But again the situation began to improve. depending on the chart given below.
The rate came down to 36.3% in 2008. Between 2008 and 2010 the rate
was 32%. The 35.6% rate of 1995 came down to 31.51% in 2010.
During these 15 years, the number of people living below the poverty Ba n gla d es h
line came down to a great extent. People struggled against poverty and
worked hard to improve their condition in these 15 years. Yet, the In d ia
improvement attained in these years is not so much satisfactory as we
expect. Nep a l
03 Look at the chart below. It is about the choice of profession by
different educated people. Now describe the chart in your own
words.
Govt. Job Farming Business Intellectual work
80% 4% 10% 6% Statistics of Early Marriage in Bangladesh, India and Nepal
People of Different Professions The chart provides information about the rate of early marriage in
This is a simple chart which shows the tendencies of our educated Bangladesh, India and Nepal between 1980 and 2010. In the chart we
people towards the choice of profession. In the chart we see that most of can notice some changes in the rate of early marriage in different years.
the educated people in our country want to get a government job. The
percentange of such people is 80%. In 1980 the rate of early marriage in Bangladesh was 30% whereas for
Although ours is an agricultural country, according to the chart, only India it was 35%. In Nepal the rate was less than 35%. In 1990 the rate
4% of the educated youths like farming while 10% of them are desirous of early marriage in Bangladesh and Nepal was the same. It was 30%
of taking up business as their profession. Intellectual work is very
significant for a nation. From the chart, we see that only 6% youths for the both countries. But for India it was still 35%. In 2000 the rate for
select it as their profession. However, government job is overestimated Bangladesh and India increased but for Nepal the rate decreased. In this
while farming and business sector are underestimated in our country. year the rate for both countries increased to 40 and 45% respectively.
04 The graph below shows the results of HSC exam of XYZ
College from 2008 to 2012. Describe the chart in 150 words. But in Nepal it was 15%. Again in 2010 the rate of early marriage in
You should highlight and summarise the information given in Bangladesh did not change. But in Nepal the rate again slightly
the chart. decreased than the previous year. And it was about 13%.
100 % Ss Passed
% Ss GPA5
From the chart we can say that the rate of early marriage in Bangladesh
80
and India is gradually going up while it is gradually going down in
60
Nepal.
40
07 The graph shows yearly Imports and Exports (Billion Dollars)
20
0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
of a country. Describe the graph in 150 words. You should
The results of HSC Exam (2008-2012) highlight and summarize the information given in the graph.
The graph shows the results of HSC exam from 2008 to 2012. In 2008 35
we observe that the percentage of pass was about 78% and the
percentage of GPA 5 holders was about 25%. In 2009 we see that more
than 80% students passed the exam. The percentage of GPA 5 holders E xp or t
Fa r m in gs

was about 24%. The passing rate gradually increased. In 2010 about
85% passed while about 25% students got GPA 5. In 2011 the rate of Im p or t
GPA 5 holders decreased. The percentage was about 22%. On the other
hand about 98% passed the exam. In 2012 the rate of pass and the rate
of GPA 5 holders tremendously increased. 100% students passed the
exam while about 42% students got GPA 5.
From the graph we can say that the total picture of the results of HSC
exam is satisfactory.
05 The bar graph shows the growth of the world population. Now, Imports and Exports
write a paragraph in 150 words describing the bar graph. The bar chart shows the change of imports and exports from 2009 to
2011.
In 2009, the amount of exports was 15.07 billion Dollars, while the
amount of import was 19.76 billion Dollars. In 2010, the export money
increased to 16.24 billion Dollars and the import was of 21.34 billion
Dollars.
At last in 2011, the amounts of export and import money were 23.86
and 31.75 billion Dollars respectively.
So both the export and import increased through these years.

 n h e i j English  26
08 The graph below shows the population growth rate of games and sports in the 90s, 12% withdrew themselves from it after a
Bangladesh. Now, write a paragraph based on the information decade making it 38%. Unfortunately, the falling tendency persisted on
given in the graph and give a suitable title to it. during the next ten years and by 2010 it came to 25%. Though the
young people have dissociated themselves noticeably from games and
sports, there is a sharp and solid increase in their association with online
or computer assisted programmes.
In 1990 when the users of online or computer for pastimes was only
9%, in 2000 the number nearly doubled and reached 14% with a rapid
increase in the next ten years when it shot up to 23%.
In conclusion, the graph shows that our young generations are stepping
to an e-world.
12 The graph below shows the number of mobile phone users in
Bangladesh. Now, write a paragraph based on the graph and
give a suitable title to it.
Population Growth Rate in Bangladesh Mobile Phone Users in Bangladesh
It is known to all that population growth is a burning question for
Bangladesh. The above graph shows the population growth rate of
Bangladesh from 2005 to 2012. The graph clearly shows that our
country has succeeded to reduce the growth rate of our population in
these years. In 2005, the population growth rate of Bangladesh was 2.09
and it did not improve in the next one year, Then, the growth rate began
to reduce in the following years. In 2007, the rate reduced to 2.06 and it
was 2.02 in 2008.
We find a significant change in the growth rate of population in 2009. It
reduced to 1.29 in this year. The growth rate again rose to 1.55 in 2010
and 1.57 in 2011. In 2012, it rose to 1.58. Bangladesh could not
The Number of Mobile Phone Users
improve its population growth rate in the last three or four years. The
The use of mobile phone is not a fashion now; rather, it has become a
whole graph shows a picture of the rise and fall in the population
growth rate. But it is also true that our government including some daily necessity for everyone. From the above graph we can see that the
renowned NGOs is working hard to improve the situation of population number of mobile phone users increased rapidly and is still increasing
growth rate. very fast. The graph shows the number of users from 1998 to 2011. In
10 Look at the chart below. It is about the importance and usage 1998, only .0241 crore people used mobile phone which rose to .0283
of English. Now describe the chart in your own words. in 2000. Again, the number of mobile phone users rose to .1365 crore in
Using Using Usage of English Information in 2003. The most remarkable change in the users of the mobile phone
English as a English as a in various the world's occurs between 2005 and 2007. The number of mobile phone users
first second organization computers jumped to 3.43 crore in 2007 while the number was only .9 crore in
language language worldwide 2005. Again, the number of the mobile phone users rose to 5.04 crore in
58% 50% 33% 80% 2009 but again the number unbelievably jumped to 8.5 crore in 2011.
Importance & Usage of English From the graph, we can easily notice the great rise in the users of
The above mentioned chart shows the importance and usage of English. mobile phone in Bangladesh. Besides, we notice in our everyday
The first one means the number of people of using English as a first practical life that the number of the mobile users is increasing rapidly.
language. The percentage is 58. If it is calculated properly it will show The survey from 1998 to 2011 of the graph gives us a hint that the day
that about 350 million people speak English as a first language. And for is not far away when everyone will possess at least one mobile phone.
the second one about 300 million people use it as a second language. 13 Look at the following graph. It shows a comparative selling
The next percentage shows the usage of English in various rate of four types of books in Ekushey Boi Mela 2021. Now
organizations worldwide. It means that it is the official or semi-official describe/analyze the graph in your own words.
language in 33% international organizations. The last one is about how Different types of books
much information is stored in the world's computers in English. The
percentage is 80%. It means that almost all kinds of information are 5000
available in the world's computer in English. 4000
11 The bar-chart below shows young people's changing attitude to
pastimes. Now write a report using the information given 3000
below and give a title to it.
Young people's favourite pastimes 2000
1000
0
Science Novel History Poetry
fiction
Selling Rate of Different Types of Books
The graph presents the comparative selling rates of four types of books
in Ekushey Boi Mela 2021. Different types of books such as poetry,
novels, history, science fictions etc are exhibited in the Ekushey Boi
Young People's Favourite Pastimes Mela.
The graph shows the change in young people‘s trends towards favourite
Different people like different books. From the chart we find that the
pastimes. It is vivid that there is a steady rise in young people‘s
selling rates of science fiction book is very good. It sells 3000 books
tendency to watch TV but there is a sharp rise of users of online and
computer. and it is the second largest among the four types. But the novel tops the
In 1990, 41% of teenagers liked watching TV which increased to 48% selling rates. It sells more than 4000 books. It seems that people like the
in the next ten years and it further increased to 52% in the next decade. novel most. History is the third in the selling rates. It sells 2500 books.
Unfortunately, the picture is grim in terms of young people‘s attraction Surprisingly enough, poetry is the lowest among the four types. It sells
to open field games and sports. When 50% of youngsters opted for less than 1000 books.

 n h e i j English  27
14 The chart below shows the benefits of girls' education. So the graph clearly shows the number of internet users gradually
Describe the chart in 150 words. You should highlight and increased from 2001 to 2011, and by 1 lakh in each two years.
summarize the information given in the chart. 17 The graph below shows the percentage of 15-19 and 20-24 year
Girls' Education old married women in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh
who have experienced physical or sexual violence. Describe the
graph in at least 80 words.
Urban area Rural area
Improved Reduced Increased Sustained
health and population economic development
nutrition growth productivity efforts
Benefits of Girls' Education
The chart shows the benefits of girls' education. It exhibits various
types of positive aspects of girls' education. The chart emphasizes on it
for their own betterment.
Education shows them the way to improve their health and fulfill their
necessity of nutrition. When a girl is educated she herself learns how to
reduce population growth. When girls contribute to family income, this
contribution as a whole has its own share in the national economic
productivity that can smoothly pave the national development. So, the Violence on Women
benefits of girls' education are beyond description. Finally, it can further This bar-graph shows the percentage of 15-19 and 20-24 year old
be added that if a girl is educated accordingly, she will be able to married women living both in rural and urban areas who have
sustain development efforts herself. experienced either physical or sexual violence.
None would be needed to rear her up. Therefore, the significance of The graph tells us that 35.3% married women of 15-19 years of age-
girls' education is highly fruitful, indeed. group suffer from physical violence in urban areas, while 11.8% of
15 The graph below shows the positive and negative use of them are sexually tortured. In the rural areas, 39.8% married women of
internet according to the different age group of the users. the same age-group are physically repressed and 22.2% of them
Describe the graph in at least 80 words. You should highlight experience sexual violation. Again, 45.2% married women of 20-24
the information and report the main features given in the years of age in urban areas are physically tortured while 16.8% of them
graph. are sexually assaulted. Finally, 42.3% and 20.2% married women of the
Positive and Negative use of Internet age-group of 20-24 years experience physical and sexual violence
respectively.
This is the complete scenario of the persecution of married women in
Bangladesh.
18 The graph below shows the number of road accidents in
Bangladesh. Describe the graph in at least 80 words. You
should highlight the information and report the main features
given in the graph.

Positive and Negative Use of Internet

This bar-graph shows the positive and negative use of internet by users
of different age groups.
Among the age group 3-12, 50% users make positive use of internet
while 20% of them make negative use. From the age group 13-19, 30%
users use internet for positive purpose while 80% use it negatively. In
the age group 20-35, 60% make positive use of internet while 70% Number of Road Accidents in Bangladesh
users make negative use. And among the users of 36 to 60 years of age, Road accidents have become a matter of great concern in many
80% make positive use while 55% use it for negative objective. countries of the world. Bangladesh also suffers a great deal every year
So the most positive use is seen in the age group 36-60, and the age due to road accidents. Road accidents take away thousands of valuable
group 13-19 make the most negative use of internet. lives every year. The graph above shows the number of accidents,
16 The graph below shows "The increasing trend in Internet injuries and deaths from 2009 to 2013. In 2009, 2631 accidents
Users in Bangladesh from 2001 to 2013. Describe the graph in occurred and these accidents killed 2495 people leaving 2325 people
at least 80 words. You should highlight the information and injured. In 2010, the total number of accidents was 2254. These
the main features given in the graph. accidents took away 2108 valuable lives and injured 1661 people. In
2011, the number of accidents reported is 2054, causing the death of
2119 victims and injuries to 1374. 1979 accidents took place in 2012 in
which 2063 people died and 1904 people were injured. The number of
accidents in 2013 was 1525 which killed 1543 and injured 1247
victims. So, it is clearly seen in the graph that the number of accidents
was highest in 2009 in these years. But the rate was in a decrease and it
decreased significantly in 2013.
19 The pie-chart below shows the sources of US Electricity, 1970.
Now write a paragraph describing the information of the
2011 2013 following chart/graphs.
Internet Users in Bangladesh
This bar-graph shows the increasing trend of internet users in
Bangladesh from 2001 to 2011.
In the year 2001, there were 0.8 lakh internet users. The number
increased after two years and reached 1.8 lakh. In 2005, the number
became 2.8 lakh. Then in 2007, the number of internet users was 3.8
lakh. It became 4.8 lakh in 2009. And in 2010 and 2011, the number
reached 5.8 lakh and 6.8 lakh respectively.

 n h e i j English  28
 Sources of US Electricity, 1970 22 Look at the chart below. It is about the choice of profession by
The pie chart shows how electricity was generated in the US in 1970. It different educated people. Now describe the chart in your own
clearly shows that coal and gas provided the most of electricity words.
produced that year. Only coal accounted for almost half of US
Govt. Job Farming Business Intellectual work
electricity production, at 46%. This was almost twice as much produced
by natural gas, which provided just over 24.3% of power. Renewable 80% 4% 10% 6%
sources of electricity, such as hydroelectric power, supplied less than People of Different Professions
16.2% of electric power. A small proportion 12.1% come from oil fired This is a simple chart which shows the tendencies of our educated
power station. By far the smallest sector was nuclear power which people towards the choice of profession. In the chart we see that most of
accounted for less than 2% of US electricity supply. In fine we notice
the educated people in our country want to get a government job. The
that coal and gas dominated power production in the US. Hydro-electric
power station, nuclear facilities and oil burning turbines produced just percentange of such people is 80%.
over a quarter of US power needs. Although ours is an agricultural country, according to the chart, only
20 The chart below shows the sources of air pollution in a city. 4% of the educated youths like farming while 10% of them are desirous
Describe the chart in 150 words. You should highlight and of taking up business as their profession. Intellectual work is very
summarise the information given in the chart. significant for a nation. From the chart, we see that only 6% youths
select it as their profession. However, government job is overestimated
while farming and business sector are underestimated in our country.
23 The pie chart below shows the percentages of types of
transportation used by 800 students to come to college.
Describe the chart in 150 words.
Car
Air Pollution in a city 10%
The pie chart is about air pollution in a city. The chart is divided into 5 Bicycle
Bus
parts. It shows the sources that cause air pollution in various degree. 45%
30%
The chart also shows the percentages of liability of these sources for air Walking
pollution. We know that the vehicles running in the city emit gases and 15%
pollute air. It is 60 percent liable for air pollution. Actually, this source Types of Transportation
is the main culprit for air pollution. Then it is industries and factories.
Types of Transportation Used by Students (%)
At the time of power generation, industries and factories emit gases and
The pie chart provides information about the percentage of types of
cause air pollution. It is 17 percent liable for air pollution. Power plant
transportation used by 800 students to come to college. In the chart we
centres also emit gases and they are 14 percent liable for air pollution.
can notice that 45% of the students use bicycle to come to college. The
Heating and/ or air-conditioning are/ is 6 percent liable for it. However,
last of all, water disposal bears the rest 3% liability for air pollution. chart shows that there is a downfall in students' tendency to use car.
This is the calculation of total 100 percent liability of air pollution. In Only 10% of the students use car to come to college. 30% of the
fact, all these sources of air pollution are the key elements of our students come to college by bus. And 15% of the students come to
modern urban life. So, air pollution is the curse of our modern urban college on foot.
life. So, from the chart we can say that there is a steady rise in students'
21 The pie chart below shows the time allocation of a student's tendency to use bicycle. But on the other hand the rate of students who
daily activities. Describe the chart in 150 words. You should use car is very poor.
highlight and summarize the information in the chart. 24 Write a paragraph on how a family's household income is
distributed into different categories describing the information
of the following pie chart.

 Food 25%
15%
25%  Clothes 13%
College  Education 22%
8%
College  Power 5%
12% 13%  Transport 12%
Daily activities of a student  Others 8%
5% 22%
The pie chart shows six daily activities of a student. In general, the  Saving 15%
chart describes the percentage of time doing different activities in a day
by a student. A Family’s Household Expenditure
From the chart it becomes clear that the student spent 20% time of a day The pie chart shows the rate of different categories of the distribution of
by studying. He/she spent 12% time of a day as a part of recreation. a family‘s income. They use 25% income for food, 13% for clothes, and
And the chart shows that the student allocated 5% time of a day for
22% for education. For power, transport and other daily uses, 5%, 12%
playing. He/she spent 25% time of a day in college. For sleeping the
and 8% are the percentages of use of income respectively. 15% money
student spent 30% time of a day. And 8% time of a day is allocated for
is saved.
other activities.
So the largest portion of the family‘s income (60%) is used for
The above chart indicates that the student spent more time in sleeping
than study, play, recreation and other activities. Again he/she allocated essentially needed things e.g. food, clothes and education. Other
more time in study than play, recreation and other activities. And he/she relevant necessities like power and transport cost them 17% of the
has to spend more time in college's activities than playing, recreation, income. Other expenditure is 8%. Only 15% money is saved.
studies and other activities. He/she allocated very short time for other The situation tells us that the total income of the family is not too much
activities. to have beyond an average life standard.

 n h e i j English  29
25 The pie-chart below shows the percentage of the types of books 03 Write an application to your Principal to set up an
in a college library. Write a report based on the given data. English Language Club to develop your speaking as well
as other skills of English language.
17 May 2022
The Principal
Bhola Govt. College
Bhola
Subject : Application for setting up an English Language
Club
The Percentage of Books in a College Library Sir
The graph shows the percentage of the types of books in a college I, on behalf of the students of class XII, beg to state that our
library. It gives us a clear information about the highest number of skill in English Language is very poor. Most of the students
books in the library. get poor marks in this subject. There are many promising
In this graph, we see that the highest number of books in the library is students in our class who want to practise speaking English.
English with 25%. Science is a close second with just 4% less and Math But they can not do that for want of an English language
comes as third following Science with just 3% less. Then fourth comes club. That is way we feel the necessity of an English
Bangla with 16%. Then fifth subject named History comes with 14% of
all the books in the college library. Finally, the percentage of other
Language club where there will be enough facilities and
books is only 8%. equipments for practical use of English.
In a word, it is clear that the highest number of books in the college I, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to take the
library is English books. initiatives for setting up an English Language Club and
oblige thereby.
English Second Paper Yours obediently
Mitu
English
Application Writing Second Paper
On behalf of the students of class XII
04 Write an application to the Principal of your college for
01 Write an application to the Principal of a college for increasing facilities in the College, Computer Lab.
admission on transfer certificate. 29 January 2022
25 May 2022 The Principal
The Principal Ideal School and College, Motijheel
Rajshahi Collegiate School & College Dhaka
Rajshahi Subject : Application for facilities in the Computer Lab
Subject : Application for admission on transfer certificate Sir
Sir I, on behalf of the students of class XI, have the honour to
I would like to state that I am a student in class XI of Pabna state that a computer lab was set up in our college last
Govt. College, Pabna. But my father has recently been January so that we could broaden our knowledge. We were
transferred to Rajshahi. Our family has also shifted here. So highly enthusiastic about it. But unfortunately this noble
it is impossible for me to continue there. Now I want to get initiative is not serving the purpose. In fact, the lab lacks the
admitted into your reputed College on transfer certificate. facilities. First, there is not sufficient number of computers
I, therefore, request you to admit me into your college and in the lab. Only a few computers cannot satisfy the need of
oblige thereby. many enthusiastic computer users. Secondly, we do not
Yours obediently have internet facilities in our lab. Internet connection can
Abul Khair ensure us to introduce with a vast informative world.
02 Write an application to the principal of your college for I, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind enough
increasing multimedia facilities in the classrooms. to increase the facilities in our computer lab and oblige
28.05.2022 thereby.
The Principal
Dhaka City Women's College I remain,
Dhanmondi, Dhaka. sir
Subject : Application for increasing multimedia facilities in Obediently yours
the classrooms. Raihanul Islam
Sir, On behalf of the students of class XI
With due respect, I beg to state that ours is a prominent 05 Write an application to the Principal of Bluebird
college in the city. But it's a matter of great regret that we College asking permission for setting up a debating
have no modern facility in our classrooms. A large number club/an English debating club.
of students have to attend the classes without getting 25 May 2022
adequate learning facilities. We need various kinds of The Principal
learning and multimedia facilities. It will help us to be more Bluebird College
concentrated on our study and to keep pace with the modern Sylhet
age. Subject : Application for setting up a debating club/ an
I, therefore, pray and hope that your honour would be kind English debating club in the college campus
enough to grant the application and oblige thereby. Sir
With due respect, we would like to state that ours is one of
Your most obedient pupil the most renowned colleges in the district. Here, most of the
Mohona students are encouraged to perform many co-curricular
On behalf of the students of activities along with increasing their English speaking skill
Dhaka City Women's College, Dhaka. in Bengali and English. But it is a matter of regret that we
 n h e i j English  30
 do not have a debating club in our college and there is no academic and practical life.
scope to arrange regular debating activities. Now we We, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to set up
earnestly feel the necessity of setting up a debating club/ an a computer club/lab in our college and oblige thereby.
English debating club and arranging regular debating Obediently yours
activities in our college. Munir
We, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind On behalf of the students of class XII
enough to take necessary steps for setting up a debating 09 Write an application to the Principal of your college
club/an English debating club in our college and oblige seeking permission to go on a study tour.
thereby. 13 May 2022
Obediently yours The Principal
(1) Md Masum Ahmed, Roll-1, Class 12(Humanities) Satkhira Govt. College
(2) Nirjhor Roy, Roll-1, Class 12(Science) Dhaka
On behalf of the students Subject : Application for permission to go on a study tour
06 Write an application to the principal of your college for Sir
providing sound system for large class rooms. We, the students of class XI of your college, beg to draw
10 May 2022 your kind attention to the fact that our term examination is
The Principal over. Now we are willing to go on a study tour at Mainamati
Cantonment Public School & College in order to increase our knowledge and get rid of monotony.
Jahanabad, Khulna Two of our teachers have agreed to guide our team.
Subject : Application for providing sound system We, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to give
Sir us permission to go on a study tour and oblige thereby.
We, the students of your college, would like to draw your Yours obediently
kind attention to the fact that we are facing the problem of Kamal Hasan
sound system in our class room. During the combined On behalf of the students of class XI.
classes (English and Bengali), the students of all groups join 10 Write an application to the Principal of your college for
together. That is why the students who sit in the back increasing facilities in the common room.
benches can not hear the valuable lectures of the teachers. 4 May 2022
So, we keenly feel the necessity of sound system for our The Principal
large class rooms. Ideal College
We, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind Comilla
enough to take necessary steps for providing sound system Subject : Application for increasing facilities in the common
for large class rooms. room
Yours obediently Sir
The students of Cantonment Public School & College We, the students of your college, would like to state that
07 Write an application to the Principal of your college for ours is a well-known college in our district. But there are
a seat accommodation in the hostel. not enough opportunities for indoor games and reading
10 May 2022 magazines or newspapers in our common room. So, most of
The Principal the students pass their time gossiping or moving here and
City College there during leisure.
Chittagong We, therefore, hope that you will take necessary steps to
Subject : An application praying for a seat in the college increase the facilities in the common room and oblige
hostel thereby.
Sir Obediently yours
I have the honour to state that I am a student of 1st Year, Mehedi
Science group in this college. I am badly in need of a seat in On behalf of the students of class XII
the college hostel as my father, a government employee, has 11 Write an application to the Principal of your college
recently been transferred from Chittagong to Chandpur. Our requesting him/ her not to allow any student or teacher
family will leave Chittagong on the 15th instant. to use cell phone in the classroom or in the examination
Under the above circumstances your honour is requested to hall.
arrange a seat for me in the college hostel before the 15th 10 May 2022
instant and oblige thereby. The Principal
Yours obediently City College
Faruk Hossain Khulna
Class XI, Science, Roll No. 2 Subject : Application for not allowing any student or teacher
08 Write an application to the Principal to set up a to use cell phone in the classroom/ in the examination hall
computer club/lab in the college. Sir
12 May 2022 We, the students of your college, beg to state that ours is
The Principal one of the best colleges in the district. But the college at
Rangpur Cadet College present is suffering from a problem. The problem is the use
Rangpur of cell phone in the classroom and in the examination hall.
Subject : Application for setting up a computer club/lab We cannot pay attention to the class due to this problem. As
Sir a result, it hampers our study. Moreover, in the examination
We, the students of your college, beg to state that we are hall our concentration lapses when a teacher or a student
keenly interested in computer. But there is no computer uses it.
club/lab in our college. By setting up a computer club/lab, I, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind enough
the authority can help us to be benefited in both our to take necessary steps to solve this problem and oblige
 n h e i j English  31
 thereby. 15 Write an application to the Principal of your college
Obediently yours seeking permission to stage a drama in the college
Mukul auditorium.
On behalf of the students of class XII 10 March 2022
12 Write an application to the principal of your college for The Principal
a transfer certificate. Comilla Govt. Women‘s College
20 May 2022 Comilla
The Principal Subject : Application for permission to stage a drama in the
Jamalpur Govt. College, Jamalpur college auditorium
Subject : Application for a transfer certificate Madam
Sir We, the students of your college, beg to state that our First
With due respect, I beg to state that I am a student of class Year Final Examination is over. Now we are very interested
XI of your college. Recently my father has been transferred to stage a drama in our college auditorium on the occasion
from Jamalpur to Rajshahi. Our family has shifted there. I of our great Victory Day. The name of the drama is
am now alone in Jamalpur. So, it is impossible from my side ‗Shadhinata‘. We want to mention that proper rehearsal on
to continue my study in your college. I am in need of a the drama has nicely been done.
transfer certificate to get admission into a college in We, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to
Rajshahi. permit us to stage the drama in the auditorium and oblige
I, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind enough thereby.
to issue me a transfer certificate.
Obediently yours
Obediently yours
Maliha Akter
Habib/Habiba
On behalf of the students of class XI
Class XI, Roll 210
16 Write an application to your Principal to subscribe an
13 Write an application to the Principal of your
English daily for your college common room.
college praying for financial help/ assistance from the
20 May 2022
poor fund. ]
8 May 2022 The Principal
The Principal Palakhal Rustom Ali Degree College
City College Kachua, Chandpur.
Rajshahi Subject : Application for an English daily for the common
Subject : Application for financial help from the poor fund room
Sir Dear Sir
With honour I would like to state that I am a student of class We, the students of your college, would like to state that
XI of your college. I made good results in SSC ours is a well-known college in our district. In our spacious
Examination. But my father is a poor farmer. So it is very common room we have some magazines and dailies but all
difficult for him to bear my educational expenses. Now I in Bangla. An English daily like 'The Daily Star' can
need financial help from the poor fund of the college. provide the students with the knowledge of English
I, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to grant language.
me financial help from the poor fund and oblige thereby. I, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind enough
to subscribe (MÖvnK nIqv) to an English daily for our
Yours obediently college common room and oblige thereby.
Md Alamgir Kabir
Class-XI (Science) Roll no- 101005 Yours obediently
14 Write an application to the Principal of your college for Md. Mohiuddin Jilani
increasing/ expanding library facilities. Cultural Secretary
18 May 2022 Students' Organization, Palakhal Rustom Ali Degree
The Principal College,
Pioneer College Chandpur
Sylhet 17 Write an application to the Principal seeking
Subject : Application for increasing/ expanding library permission to set up a literary club in your college.
facilities 9 May 2022
Sir The Principal
With due respect I, on behalf of the students, would like to Khulna Govt. College
state that we have a library in our college but there is lack of Khulna
enough facilities. The reading rooms are small and are not Subject : Application for setting up a literary club
well-furnished. Books, chairs, benches and daily Sir
newspapers are not adequate (ch©vß). We, the students of your college, would like to state that
I, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to take ours is a well known college in our district. But we have no
necessary steps to increase the library facilities and oblige literary club in our college. So we have decided to form a
thereby. literary club under your guidance. This club will organize
Yours obediently literary meetings, debates, seminars and cultural activities.
Ruman/Ruma We hope you will appreciate our noble initiative and kindly
Roll no 4 give us permission to set up a literary club in our college.
Class XI [Science Group] Yours obediently
On behalf of the students of Pioneer College The students of Khulna Govt College
Sylhet Khulna
 n h e i j English  32
18 Write an application to the Principal of your college 21 Write an application to the Principal seeking
praying for a testimonial. permission to hold a cultural function/ week on the
25 September 2022 college premises/ auditorium.
The Principal 10 May 2022
Kazipur Model College The Principal
Sirajgonj 'T' College
Subject : Application for a testimonial Dhaka
Sir Subject : Application for holding a cultural function/ week
I beg to state that I had been a student of your college for on the college premises/ auditorium
Sir
the last two years. I passed the HSC Examination from your
We, the students of your college, beg to state that ours is a
college in 2016 in science group bearing Roll, Kazipur,
famous college in Dhaka city. We have name and fame all
No100385. I got GPA 5. Now I intend to get myself over the country for results, rules, educational environment
admitted into a university. So I need a testimonial. and co-curricular activities. Accordingly we have decided to
I, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to issue hold a cultural function/ week in our college premises (gvV/
me a testimonial and oblige thereby. Avw½bv)/ auditorium on the occasion of our
"Independence Day".
Yours obediently
We, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind
Md Shahjahan Miah enough to permit us to hold a cultural function/ week and
Roll Kazipur, No—100385 oblige thereby.
19 Write an application to the Principal of your College for Yours obediently
setting up a canteen in your college. Dulal Tarafdar
4 May 2022 On behalf of the students
The Principal 'T' College
Mohanagar Ideal School and College 22 Write an application to the principal of your college for
Dhaka remission of delay fine.
Subject : Application for setting up a canteen 10th May 2022
Sir The Principal
We, the students of your college, beg most respectfully to Satkhira Day Night College
state that there is no canteen in our college campus. We Satkhira
have to stay here for six hours. We cannot pass this long Subject : Application for remission of delay fine.
period without taking any food. So we have to eat Sir
something during the leisure time. Many students take their With due respect I would like to state that I am a student of
food from the road side hotels which are very dirty and class XII of your college. Due to business purpose my father
unhygienic. As a result, many students suffer from stomach went abroad last month. For this reason I was unable to pay
my college fees. Now my father is at home and I like to pay
upset.
my college fees.
We, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind
I, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind enough
enough to set up a canteen in our college campus and oblige
to allow me to pay my college fees without delay fine.
thereby. Sincerely yours
Obediently yours Md. Jahidul Islam
Class XII
The students of Mohanagar Ideal School and College,
23 Write an application to your Principal requesting him to
Dhaka.
allow your class to render voluntary service for the flood
20 Write an application to the Principal of your college for
affected people.
some money for an excursion. 14 May 2022
25 May 2022 The Principal
The Principal MC College
Govt. A M College Sylhet
Hajigonj Subject : Application for permission to render voluntary
Subject : Application for some money for an excursion service for the flood affected people.
Sir Dear Sir
We, the students of class XI, beg to state that our First Year I have the honor to inform you that several villages around
Final Examination is over. Now we want to go for an our college have been flooded. Many men, women and
excursion. This time, we want to go to Mainamati, a great children are passing their days without food and medicine.
historical site. Our class teacher Mr Nur Ahmed has given Their sufferings know no bounds. So we want to render
us his consent to guide and accompany us. Now we need voluntary service to collect relief goods and other necessary
your permission and consideration for sanctioning the articles for them.
money in order to complete the tour. In the circumstances, I pray and hope that you would be
We, therefore, pray and hope that you will kindly take steps kind enough to take steps to form a voluntary group for
in this regard and oblige thereby. collecting relief goods.

Yours obediently Yours obediently

Ali Reja, Roll no 101023 Tripti
On behalf of the students of Class XI On behalf of the students
Govt. A M College, Hajigonj. MC College, Sylhet
 n h e i j English  33
24 Write an application to the Principal of your college 27 Write an application to the Principal to arrange a grand
seeking permission to arrange a science fair on the freshers' reception.
college campus. 30 June 2022
23 May 2022 The Principal
The Principal J C College, Dhaka
M C Government College Subject : Application for arranging a grand freshers'
Dhaka reception ceremony
Subject: Application for permission to arrange a science fair Sir
Sir I, on behalf of the students of 'XII' of your college, beg to
We, the students of your college, beg to state that ours is a state that a huge number of students have recently got
very reputed college in the city. Many of our students are admitted in our college in class XI. Now we want to arrange
very talented and innovative. Already many of us have a grand Freshers' reception ceremony in our college
discovered and invented a lot of scientific things like cheap auditorium.
power generator, new type of safety tank, ultra modern May I, therefore pray and hope that you would be kind
energy–saving lights, multimedia writing board etc. Now enough to allow us to arrange a grand Freshers' reception
we want to display these things along with many more and oblige thereby.
scientific inventions in our college compound. Obediently yours
May we, therefore, request you to permit us to arrange a Md. Sarwar Hossain
science fair in our college compound and oblige thereby. On behalf of the students of XII
J C College, Dhaka
Yours obediently 28 Write an application to your Principal seeking
Rashed Khan permission to arrange a Book Fair in the college
Roll no 1.Class XI [Science A] premises.
On behalf of the students 10 February 2022
MC College, Sylhet The Principal
25 Write a application to the Principal of your college, Jhenidah K C College
requesting him/her to take necessary steps to clean the Jessore
campus as there is menace to dengue. Subject : Seeking permission for arranging a book fair
24 March 2022 Sir
The Principal We, the students of your college, would like to state that
Boalmari Govt. College ours is the most celebrated college of this district. Our
Faridpur college arranges various programmes like cultural
Subject : Application for taking necessary steps to clean the programme, staging drama, debate, etc from time to time.
college campus Now we want to arrange a book fair to observe 21 st
Sir February.
This is to inform you that some of the students of our We, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to
college have been attacked with dengue fever. Three of arrange a book fair in our college premises on the 21st
them are in a very serious condition. In our college campus February and oblige thereby.
there are so many ideal breeding places for female Aedes Yours obediently
which cause dengue fever. The students of Jhenidah K C College
We, therefore, pray and hope that you will take necessary 29 Write a application to the Mayor of the municipality of
steps to clean the college campus and save us from the your town asking him to provide street lights in your
menace to dengue. locality.
Yours obediently 15 May 2022
Abu Bakar The Mayor
On behalf of the students of Boalmari Govt. College, Dhaka South City Corporation
Faridpur Dhaka
26 Write an application to your Principal for a full free Subject : An application for street lights
studentship.
4 May 2022 Dear Sir
The Principal We, the inhabitants of Shantinagar Thana of your
Faujdarhat Cadet College municipality, beg to state that most of the streets of our
Faujdarhat locality have no street lights. So, at night the streets remain
Sub : Application for full free studentship totally dark. As a result, the incidents of snatching have
Sir become very common here in the recent days. Some
I beg to state that I am a student of class XI in your college. terrorists also sell drugs under the cover of night here. Even
I made a good result in the last annual examination. But as many young boys consume alcohol sitting at the corner of
my father is a poor farmer, he cannot bear the educational the streets. We think that if you provide enough street lights,
expenses. So, I will not be able to continue my studies if I we can get rid of these problems.
am not granted a full free studentship. We, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to take
I, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to grant necessary steps to provide enough street lights and oblige
me a full free studentship and oblige thereby. thereby.
Obediently yours
Thanking you
Abu Rayhan
Ahmed Hossain
Class XI
On behalf of the inhabitants of Shantinagar
Roll : 12005
 n h e i j English  34
 Dhaka South City Corporation Muktagacha, Mymensingh
30 Write an application to the chairman of your Upazila 33 Write an application to the Chairman of your Union
requesting him to take steps for immediate repair of Parisad for sinking a tubewell in your locality.
some roads of your locality. 3 May 2022
10 May 2022 The Chairman
The Chairman Nandanpur Union Parisad
Gajaria Upazila Nandanpur, Sylhet
Munshigonj Subject : Application for sinking a tubewell
Subject : Application for immediate repair of some roads Sir
Sir We, the inhabitants of Hatbaria of Nandanpur Union
We, the people of the village Uttarshahapur under
Parisad, beg most respectfully to state that about 500 people
Tengarchor Union Parishad, have the honour to state that
live in our village. But it is a matter of great regret that there
there is a district road that runs from upazila Headquarter to
is no tubewell in our village. As a result, cholera, dysentery
our village. But the condition of the road is very deplorable.
As a result accident is very common here. During the rainy and typhoid break out in our village every year. So we are
season the sufferings are intolerable. badly in need of a tubewell in our village.
Under the above circumstances, we hope that you will take We, therefore, pray and hope that you would be kind
steps for immediate repair of the road of our locality and enough to sanction a tubewell in our village and thus save
thus help to relieve the sufferings of the people of this area. our lives.
Yours faithfully Yours faithfully
The inhabitants of Uttarshahapur The inhabitants of Hatbaria
Gajaria, Munshiganj 34 Write an application to the Upazilla Nirbahi Officer to
31 Write an application to the chairman of your Union set up a charitable dispensary for the villagers as soon as
Council for the construction of a bridge. possible.
02 May 2022 16 March 2022
The Chairman Upazilla Nirbahi Officer
Alipur Union Council Nagarkanda
Munshigonj Faridpur
Subject : Application for the construction of a bridge Subject : Application for setting up a charitable dispensary
Sir Dear Sir
We, on behalf of the inhabitants of Alipur and Andar Manik With due respect, I would like to draw your kind attention
villages, have the honour to inform you that there is a canal
to the following fact that the poor people of our locality are
between these two villages. There are a high school, a post
deprived of medi-care. Many poor families cannot go to the
office and a bazaar in Alipur and on the other hand two
upazila health complex. Many people have died premature
mosques, a charitable hospital stand in Andar Manik
village. Hundreds of people have to cross the canal every deaths for want of proper treatment. So, it is necessary to
day. So the villagers are badly in need of a bridge over the open a charitable dispensary here for giving the medical
canal. services to my poor and under privileged people.
We, therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to visit I, therefore, hope that your esteemed honour would be kind
the place and take necessary steps to construct a bridge enough to consider my appeal for the welfare of the poor
there and remove the sufferings of the people of these two and oblige thereby.
villages.
Faithfully yours
Yours faithfully Robi Saha
Mahi
Rasulpur, Nagarkanda
On behalf of the people of Alipur and Andar Manik,
Faridpur
Munshigonj
35 Write an application to the Chairman of your locality
32 Write an application to TNO/D.C for immediate
sanction of relief goods for flood affected people of your against Eve Teasing.
locality. 10 May 2022
14 May 2022 The Chairman
The TNO Rupgonj Union Council
Muktagacha, Mymensingh Rupgonj, Faridpur
Subject: Application for the sanction of relief goods Subject : Request for taking action against Eve Teasing
Sir Sir
We, the inhabitants of Kanpara under Muktagacha Union I would like to draw your kind attention to the fact that
Parishad, have the honour to state that we are the victims of recently Eve Teasing has increased alarmingly in our
recent flood. The flood water washed away the stores of locality. School or college going girls on the way to their
food stuffs and left the people in grief and starvation. The institution often fall victim to eve-teasing. I myself also am
breaking out of epidemic is a matter of hours. a victim to this evil practice. We have already made a
Under the above circumstances, your honour is requested to complaint to the local thana against it.
sanction sufficient food grains and relief goods for the In these circumstances, I do request you to take some quick
people of this flood affected area. action against Eve-teasing prevailing in our locality
and oblige thereby.
Yours faithfully
Akram Hossen Yours faithfully
On behalf of the people Raina Haq
 n h e i j English  35
 On behalf of the inhabitants hope that my academic qualification, experience and other
36 Write an application with a cover letter for the post of skills fulfill the requirements for the job. I enclose here with
Marketing Officer/Field Officer/Sales Representative my detailed CV, photos and other necessary papers for your
officer. kind consideration.
20 May 2022 I would feel honoured if you select me as a candidate for the
The Manager post of an Assistant Teacher/ Lecturer in English.
Kazal Brothers Ltd Yours faithfully
Paltan, Dhaka-1210
Subject : Application for the post of 'Marketing Officer'/ (Ibrahim Hossin)
'Field Officer'/ 'Sales Representative Officer'. Enclosure:
Dear Sir 1. CV
With reference to your advertisement published in the 2. Attested photocopies of all academic certificates.
Daily Star on 10 April 2022, I am writing to offer myself 3. 2 copies of passport size photos.
as a candidate for the post. I hope my academic Curriculum Vitae of
qualification, experience and other skills fulfill the Md Ibrahim Hossin
requirements for the job. I enclose herewith my detailed Contact Address:
CV, photos and other necessary papers for your kind Allauddin Khan Road
consideration. Alipur, Faridpur
I, therefore, earnestly request you to give me a chance to Mobile no.- 01717324
prove my worth in the selection test and oblige thereby. Academic Qualification:
Yours faithfully Name of Group/ Board/ Year of Grade
Degree Subject University Passing Point/ Class
(Ms Sabina Yasmin) MA National
English 2010 2nd Class
Enclosure : University
(1) CV BA (Hons') National
English 2009 2nd Class
University
(2) Attested photocopies of all certificates
HSC Science Dhaka Board 2004 3.40
(3) 2 copies of passport size photos
SSC Science Dhaka Board 2002 4.00
Curriculum Vitae
Experiences : * District Correspondent of The
Name : Ms Sabina Yasmin
Daily Sun
Father's Name : Md. Shahadat Hossain
* Lecturer in English in "Mohila
Mother's Name : Mrs. Farhana Begum
College, Sadarpur, Faridpur
Date of Birth : 17.01.1990
since 1st June 2013
Address : House #18 (6th Floor), Road #
Personal Details :
5/A
Father‘s name : Akter Hosen
Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1209
Mother‘s name : Aleya Begum
Telephone : 02×××××××
Permanent Address : Vill.- Alipur ; P.O. Faridpur
Mobile : 017××××××××
Sadar
Email : sabina1980@yahoo.com
P.S.- Kotwali; Dist. Faridpur
Nationality : Bangladeshi
Date of Birth : 12 January 1986
Educational qualification :
Name of Year of Grade
Marital status : Unmarried
Group/Subject Board/University Nationality : Bangladeshi
Degree Passing Point/Division
Dhaka Religion : Islam
MBA Management 2013 3.10
University
Dhaka English
BBA Management 2012 3.00 Or, Email Writing
University Second Paper
HSC Humanities Dhaka Board 2008 4.88
01 Suppose, you are the secretary of the internet library club of
SSC Humanities Dhaka Board 2006 4.50
your college. Now read the following email sent by an
Employment : Working as Sales Representative Officer,
internet service providing company and write a reply
Dhaka since July 2014.
requesting the company manager to provide you with
Skill : MS Word, MS Excel, Power Point
internet facilities for the upgradation of your library.
Bangla & English: Excellent in Speaking
Subject : Internet connection
and Writing
From : manager.bisp@gmail.com
Interests :  Playing;  Reading;  Writing;  To : secretaryiclub@gamil.com
Traveling Dear Sir/ Madam,
References : Available on requirement We are glad to inform you that our firm, "Bangladesh
37 Write an application for the post of an Assistant Internet Service Provider" is ready to support and help for
Teacher/ Lecturer of English with your complete CV. the upgradation of internet service of the internet library of
10 May 2022 the educational institutions with a good price. We have
The Principal imported modern machineries from the foreign countries for
Viqarunnisa Noon School and College providing the best service. We here attach the price list for
Dhaka your further interest. Please mail us if you need any internet
Subject : Application for the post of Assistant Teacher/ related service.
Lecturer in English Sincerely yours
Sir P.B. Choudhury
With due respect, I am writing to apply for the post of Manager
Assistant Teacher/ Lecturer of English in your school. I
 n h e i j English  36
 Bangladesh Internet Service Provider Robi Saha
Reply : 04 Suppose, you are a foreign student and you want to get
information regarding admission in a university in
Subject : Internet facilities for the upgradation of our Bangladesh. Now, compose an email to the Admission
library Section of a university asking them about admission
To : manager.bisp@gmail.com procedure for the foreign students.
Dear Sir To : jnu.admission@gmail.com
I want to upgrade my internet connection. I'm not having Subject : For information regarding admission procedure for
enough internet speed to download necessary documents. the foreign students
Besides, I'm having other problems. So, I need your help. The Admission Officer
Please come as soon as possible. Jagannath University
Dhaka
I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
Dear Sir
Secretary, Internet Library Club
My name is Raihanul Islam. I am from Afghanistan. I have
Chittagong Govt. College, Chittagong come to Bangladesh for getting admission in a university in
02 Suppose, you want to participate in The Inter Debate order to study English. For this purpose, I need to know
Competition by a National Daily. Compose an email to the some information about admission procedure in your
editor requesting him/her for sending you the guidelines institution for the foreign students.
and other detail regarding the competition.
To : ittefaq.bd@gmail.com If you help me, I would be highly grateful. I am looking
Subject : For detailed information about the Inter Debate forward to hearing from you.
Competition
Sincerely yours
Raihanul Islam
The Editor
05 Suppose, you are Enayet Karim of Demra, Dhaka. You along
The Daily Ittefaq with 7 of your friends want to visit Rangamati for sight-
Kazla, Jatrabari seeing. Now, write an email to the manager of Hotel
Dhaka Tajmahal for booking 33 double seated rooms for 4
days.
Dear Sir To : manager.hoteltajmahal@yahoo.com
I have come to know from the advertisement of your daily Subject: Booking rooms
that an Inter Debate Competition is going to be held very
soon. But I think that the advertisement is not provided with The Manager
Hotel Tajmahal
all the information. So, I am requesting you to send me
Rangamati
detailed information. Dear Sir
I have the pleasure to inform you that I want to go to
I am looking forward to hearing from you. Rangamati with seven of my friends on the 13th August and
Thanking you stay upto 16th August.
Would you please let me know the type of rooms, the
Anayet Karim charges for 4 days and the sight-seeing facilities and
Block-E, Mohammadpur expenses (thereof in detail? Moreover, let me know if there
Dhaka is 24 hour water supply, electricity and generator service
13 Suppose, you are a student of the Department of English, available.
Awaiting your early reply.
Dhaka University. You want to attend a seminar on
language study organised by Bangla Academy on 07 to 11 Yours faithfully
August 2022. Compose, an email to the Director Enayet Karim
requesting him to give you an opportunity. 06 Suppose, you are the Branch Manager of Janata Bank. Read
To : belta14@gmail.com the following letter sent by one of your clients and write a
Subject: For permission to attend a seminar on language reply to the email.
study Subject: Issuing a Bank Draft
From : jakirul.islam@gmail.com
The Director To : Selim Khan<s.khan@gmail.com
Bangla Academy
The Manager
Dhaka Janata Bank Limited
Dear Sir Rampura Branch
I have come to know that Bangla Academy is going to
organise a seminar on language study from 07 to 11 August Dear Sir
2022. I like to attend the programme to enrich my I shall be highly obliged if you would supply me with a
knowledge and skill in English language. Bank draft of tk 5000 (Five thousands only) in favour of
―Rajuk College‖ Uttara.
I will be highly pleased if you give me the opportunity to Please debit the amount to my current account. Thanking
attend the seminar. you in anticipation.

Yours faithfully
Thanking you Jakirul Islam
 n h e i j English  37
 A/C No: 215.912.000592  They also do not get good supply of fertilizers. As a
Reply : result their lands do not yield sufficient crops.
 Furthermore, they cultivate their lands with traditional
To : jakirul.islam@gmail.com tools and in ancient method.
Subject: Granting a bank draft
Mr. Jakirul Islam Considering the points given above, I recommend the
A/C No: 215.912.000592 addressing of the problems so that the farmers can get rid
of poverty.
Dear Sir
In reference to your letter dated August 10, 2022, we Sincerely yours
enclose a Bank Draft of tk 5000 (Five thousand only) Hasnat Mahbub
herewith as required by you. We have debited your account (Hasnat Mahbub)
for the same. Researcher
Please acknowledge. ASA
Kurigram
Yours faithfully
Selim Khan 01 Suppose, you are a reporter of a local daily newspaper of
The Branch Manager Barisal. The young people of your area are becoming drug
Janata Bank Ltd addicted. Write a report on the devastating consequences
07 Suppose, you are a student of Notre Dame College, of "Drug Addiction".
Motijheel, Dhaka. Now, write an email to the Principal of Drugs crippling young generation in Barisal
your college for a seat in the college hostel. Barisal Correspondent
To : principal.notredamecollege@gmail.com Barisal, 20 April, 2022 :
Subject : Prayer for a seat in the college hostel Millions of people, mainly the youth, are addicted (Avm³)
The Principal to drugs in Bangladesh. A study by CARE Bangladesh
Notre Dame College revealed this yesterday.
Motijheel, Dhaka The survey found that drug addiction (Avmw³) in the
young, between the ages of 18 and 30, are mainly for
Dear Sir depression. People try to remove depression using drugs as
I am a student of class XI in your college. Recently my a tool. And this is how they become addicts. Failed
father has been transferred to Chittagong. Our family will relationships and broken hearts are also major causes of
also shift there next month. Then I will have no residence in drug abuse.
Dhaka. But I am determined to continue my studies at your Besides, crores of taka are wasted every year for drugs.
college. So, I am in great need of a seat in your college Drugs not only destroy the users but also ruin the family
hostel. harmony. Crimes in the society also increase as a result of
So, I hope your kindness will be enough to grant me a seat drugs. Overall, the country badly suffers in financial and
in your college hostel and oblige thereby. social context.
Prof Amina Islam, Head of Psychology Department of
Sincerely yours Dhaka University says, ‗Government should solve
Monzur Morshed unemployment problem and law enforcing agencies should
Class: XI, Roll No: 01 be active to curb drug addiction.‘
02 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily. Now write a
report on the bad impact of facebook on the young
English
Report Writing Second Paper generation.
Using Facebook 'can lower exam results’
Example of Office Report Staff Correspondent :
 Suppose you are a researcher of ASA. You have been Students who use Facebook while they study get
asked to make a report on the problems of the farmers significantly lower grades than those who do not, according
of Kurigram district. to psychologists.
07-04-2022 A study has found that the exam results of those who used
The Chairman the social networking site while studying were 20 per cent
ASA lower than non-users.
Dhaka Researchers say the findings undermine the theory that
Subject: Problems of the farmers of Kurigram District young people's brains are better at multitasking on digital
Sir gadgets.
Directed through your letter memo no ASA 189-13/ 13 Study author Professor Paul Kirschner said, 'Our study, and
dated 25-03-2022, I did a study about problems of the other previous work, suggests that while people may think
farmers of Kurigram district. The followings are the constant task-switching allows them to get more done in
findings: less time, the reality is it extends the amount of time needed
 The main problem they are facing is that there are not to carry out tasks and leads to more mistakes.'
enough water channels to irrigate their fields. So they His team studied 219 students aged between 19 and 54 at an
are mainly dependent on the mercy of nature, that is, American university.
rain. That‘s why they cannot grow crops round the year. The Facebook users among them had a typical grade point
 Most of the time crops fail as rain is not timely and average - a score from zero up to four - of 3.06. Non-users
proportional to the need. had an average GPA of 3.82.
 The next vital problem is that they cannot procure good 16 Suppose, you are a reporter of the Daily Star. Now prepare
quality seeds for growing various crops. a report on "A Terrible Road Accident" you have come
 n h e i j English  38
 across very recently. where special prizes were awarded under: Best
5 killed in road crash on Dhaka-Chittagong Highway Performance, Extra-curricular Activities, and Perfect
Narayanganj Correspendent Attendance categories achieved throughout the whole
Narayanganj, 15 March, 2022 : academic course at NDC.
At least five people were killed and 10 others injured in a After that the students were called to their respective classes
road accident at Sonargaon on Dhaka-Chittagong Highway where the final progress reports were distributed. Light
yesterday. refreshments then followed with everyone while biding
The accident occurred as a Dhaka-bound bus collided head- goodbye.
on with a truck. It was going to Comilla from Manikganj. 02 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Now write
Two of the passengers and driver of the truck were killed on a report on "The Prize Giving Ceremony of Govt.
the spot. Two of the injured including the helper of the bus Commerce College, Chittagong".
died at the hospital. Prize giving ceremony held at Govt. Commerce College, Chittagong
Three passengers received serious injury and were sent to Chittagong Correspondent
Dhaka Medical College and Hospital. Their condition was Chittagong, 03 January, 2022 : A prize giving ceremony
critical. Other injured persons were admitted to different was held at Govt. Commerce College, Chittagong on 3rd
local hospitals and clinics. January.
Police seized both the bus and truck. The driver of the bus The programme started at the auditorium with the tune of
could not be arrested. the national anthem. The principal of the college presided
Local witnesses said several accidents had already occurred over the programme, and the Education Secretary was the
at the same spot. The Roads and Highways Department has chief guest.
been asked many times to construct a speed breaker there. The big college campus was very nicely decorated with
But no step has yet been taken. flags and festoons. The principal in his speech thanked the
The Superintendent of Police or SP of Narayangonj visited students for their performances. He read out the annual
the spot. A case was filed with Sonargaon Police Station. report of the college. After that an excellent cultural
04 You are a reporter of a daily newspaper. You have covered programme was held. The students of the college performed
the news of food poisoning in Comilla. Now write a report songs, dances and staged mini drama. The audiences were
on that issue. highly impressed by the programme. The chief guest then
30 People fell sick due to food adulteration in Comilla distributed the prizes among the winners. He advised the
Comilla Correspondent students to concentrate more on studies and keep away from
Comilla, 20 April, 2022 : At least 30 people fell sick after politics and any bad habits. He also said that students should
taking marriage feast at a reception ceremony at the groom's take an oath to serve the country through honesty and
residence at village Dighipara in Barura thana under integrity.
Comilla district. Among them 21 were admitted to Comilla The entire programme was a nice display of discipline by
Medical College Hospital out of which five were in critical students and organisers. The invited guests and journalists
condition. praised the initiative and hoped for further such
Sources said the incident took place on Thursday at the programmes.
residence of Jabbar Mollah. His son Waliur Mollah married 03 You are a reporter of a daily newspaper. You have covered
the daughter of Shaikh Abdur Rahim of village Nanda Para the news of massive fire on a factory. Now write a report
under the same union. The guests from the bride's side were on it.
invited on the occasion. 20 injured in fire at RMG factory, Gazipur
Eye witnesses reported that the guests were invited to take Gazipur Correspondent
their meal at around 1 pm. After some time, few of the Gazipur, 10 January, 2022 : A massive fire broke out on
guests started vomiting and fell unconscious. They were the ground floor of Zaman Knit and Sweater factory at
rushed to the Upazilla Health Complex. As their conditions Zirani in Gazipur yesterday morning. At least 20 people
deteriorated, they were rushed to Comilla Medical College were injured.
Hospital. Subsequently, many more fell sick and were taken Garment workers said the fire broke out on the ground floor
to the hospital. Some of them were given first aid and around 7:30 am and engulfed the first and second floors.
released. In the meantime police reached the scene and Dyeing division and chemicals are located on the ground
spoiled the cooked food and the cook and his staffs were floor of the building, they added.
taken to custody. On information 10 fire fighting units from Gazipur Sadar,
A case has been filed in this connection with Barura police Tongi, Savar EPZ and Mirpur rushed to the spot and
station. brought the blaze under control after four and half-hours.
05 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Write The wounded include fire fighters Akhtaruzzaman, Ratan
a report on farewell to the HSC examinees held in X Kumar Sarkar, Nurul Islam and Payel Hossain and garment
College. workers Badshah Miah, Atikul Islam, Sohel Miah, Md
Farewell held at Notre Dame College Mostafa, Kamal Hossain, Saiful Islam and Aslam.
Staff Correspondence : They were admitted to local hospitals and clinics.
Farewell to the HSC examinees was held amidst befitting Abdur Rashid, Deputy Director of fire service and civil
manner yesterday at Notre Dame College. defence of Dhaka division, said the fire might have
The day was marked by addresses by NDC principal Father originated from a room beside the warehouse of the
Hemanta P. Rozario, C.S.C and the senior teachers of the garments factory.
college, wishing the very best to the outgoing students. Dr 18 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Write a
Kamal Hossain, also an ex-Notre Damian was invited as the report on "Victory Day".
chief guest for the occasion and he delivered an inspiring Victory Day Celebrated in Mymensingh
speech. Mymensingh Correspondent
A prize giving ceremony followed the addressing session, Mymensingh, 18 December, 2022 :
 n h e i j English  39
 In my home town Mymensingh, Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam allege the slum dwellers. They say they always live with the
College organised a two-day Victory Day programme on fear of eviction anytime either by the government or by any
the campus on December 16 and 17. powerful person of the society.
On December 16, the Principal of the college inaugurated 07 Suppose you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. You had a
the event. The programme started with a discussion attended chance to pay a visit to a book fair. Now write a report on
by teachers and students. The Deputy Commissioner and the that fair.
Superintendent of Police of Mymensingh attended the Visit to a book fair
programme as special guests. Staff Correspondent : This year book fair at Bangla
Speakers at the discussion narrated the country's road to Academy Premises was held with all its joviality and
independence and highlighted the facts about the Liberation spontaneous rhythm. It is the biggest and most gorgeous
War. They also asked the students to be a true citizen of the book fair of the country. There were a lot of rows of
country. bookstall beautifully decorated. The premises of Bangla
After the discussion a cultural show was also held. Students Academy took a festive look. Visitors were moving from
of the college performed patriotic songs which entertained one row to another just like the rows of ant.
the audience a lot. There were hundreds and thousands of books in the stalls.
The next day was a public holiday. But the college was People were looking for their favourite and chosen books.
open for different programmes that include discussion, Some visitors were looking for new publications.
cultural show and competitions on different events at the This fair has special significance in this regard. This
college auditorium. correspondent visited a lot of stalls. Of the books there were
13 A huge number of students fail in English every year in story books, science fictions and autobiographies. While I
public examinations despite studying it as a compulsory was about to finish my visit, I noticed that the great writer
subject from class 1 to honours level. Now prepare a Muhammad Jafar Iqbal was sitting on a chair in front of a
report focusing on causes of their failures in English for stall. I also noticed that the great poet Al Mahmud was also
a Daily Newspaper. sitting beside him. Two great personalities were talking to
Reasons for students’ failure in English each other and curious people were gathering round them
Staff correspondent : A fair number of students fail in for taking their autograph. I interviewed these two
English every year in public examinations though they personalities. They told me that the fair assumed a huge
study it as a compulsory subject from class 1. A survey festivity.
conducted by the British Council found out different facts 05 Suppose you are Faroque, a student of R. K. College. You all
responsible for this condition. have celebrated the Independence Day at your college
Firstly, students are not motivated to learn this foreign gorgeously. Now write a short report on the celebration
language, rather they are given short cut technique to pass of the Independence Day.
the examination. Secondly, the textbooks are unsuitable and R.K. College celebrates Independence Day
teaching method is difficult. Besides, students are not Staff Correspondent; Dhaka, 27 March 2022 :
encouraged to use English in the practical life. The students and teachers of R.K College in the capital
Most of interviewees said they are afraid of using English celebrated the 46th Independence Day gorgeously and in a
while communicating with others. Above all, they added befitting manner yesterday.
that their vocabulary knowledge is very poor. The day-long programme started with raising the national
While talking to this correspondent a leading intellectual of flag during sunrise on the campus. After that the students
the country said, ‗To overcome this problem we should put and teachers attended a discussion on the Independence Day
emphasis on learning English rather than passing the exam at the college auditorium at 8:00am. The Principal of the
barrier.‘ He also emphasized listening to and watching college chaired the programme. Speakers highlighted
English programmes on radio and television regularly. different aspects of the Liberation War and the duties of the
11 Suppose, you are a reporter of a reputed daily. You have citizens of an independent country.
interviewed many slum-dwellers about their ways of life. An amusing cultural programme organised and performed
Now write a report on them. by the students followed the discussion. The audience
Perils of city slum dwellers enjoyed the patriotic songs and folklore dance very much.
Staff Correspondent : Thousands of slum dwellers in the The second part of the programme included sports and film
capital are leading their lives miserably amidst lack of basic show. The students of class XI section A versus Section B
needs. But the city dwellers are spending huge sum of played a friendly football match. The match ended with a
money only for luxury. draw, each team scoring two goals.
Most of these slum dwellers are deprived of education, In the afternoon, the film "Ora Egarojon" was showed at the
nutrition, medical treatment, sanitation and other auditorium. It was a movie on the Liberation War. The
metropolitan facilities. Besides, criminal activities are teachers, students, guardians and invited guests watched the
increasing due to lack of vigilance by the law-enforcement movie.
agencies. The Deputy Commissioner of Dhaka attended the
Md. Abul Hashem, resident of Mirpur slum, said they are programme as the chief guest.
living inhuman lives in the slum. There is no supply of 06 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Make a
water and the women collect water from ponds. As the report on a day-long programme against corruption.
water is often polluted, they suffer from different water- Corruption in Our Country
borne diseases all the time, he added. Staff Correspondent : Today corruption is a talked about
Sakhina Begum, resident of Lalbagh slum, said no doctors subject in our country. It is also a key issue which has
agree to come to their shanties if anyone falls sick and need spread every nook and corner of the world. In our country,
immediate care. in particular, it influences the key sectors of our national
Before every election political leaders come and promise to life. Actually all the government sectors are now riddled
solve their problems. But after the election they do nothing, with a wide-spread corruption. It has broken all the records
 n h e i j English  40
 of the past. But there is none to raise voice against this keep the price of daily commodities within their reach.
social vice. Political corruption is beyond description. The 15 Suppose, you are a reporter of a renowned newspaper.
corrupt politicians do not try to realize the fact that by Write a report for your newspaper on 'Deforestation
adopting corruption they harm not only the society but also and its devastating consequences/ bad effect of
their own families. indiscriminate cutting trees'.
The corrupt officials are sucking up the blood of our Experts Blame Deforestation for Bangladesh Disaster
economy and are delaying the socio economic advancement Staff Correspondent :
of our country. Without taking bribe no person in authority Flooding on a massive scale may soon become the norm,
does anything. It is high time we brought the corrupt and development in the already poor and developing
politicians and officials to book and gave an exemplary country like Bangladesh might come to a dramatic halt, says
punishment. The mass media can play significant role in the experts.
this regard. The experts observed this at a seminar organized by the
08 You are a reporter of a renowned newspaper. Now write a Daily Star yesterday.
report on "The Cultural Week of Rajshahi Government "What we seem to be looking at with the floods is a
Mohila College". remarkable collapse of the Himalayan ecosystem," said A.
Cultural week held at Rajshahi Govt. Mohila College in Atiq Rahman, Director of the Institute for Advanced Studies
Rajshahi in Dhaka.
Rajshahi Correspondent The speakers at the seminar said the adverse impact of
Rajshahi, 12 January, 2022 : Cultural Week 2022 was held deforestation on climate has been noticed conspicuously.
at Rajshahi Government Mohila College amidst a festive The humidity of air has been drastically reduced which
mood last week. affects the rainfalls in the country. If reforestation
The Principal of the College, Prof Dr Abdur Rahman, programmes are not taken, there is every possibility that
inaugurated the programme at the college auditorium at Bangladesh will turn into a desert within a short span of
10:30 am on Sunday. time.
All the programmes were scheduled for five days and They also said the government and the private organisations
started at 9:30 am each day. The programmes were must come forward. There is a universal formula on
classified into songs, dance, recitation, acting, debate, reforestation that when you cut one tree, plant two more
speech, essay writing, quiz and other forms of arts and trees to compensate the loss.
entertainment. 17 Suppose, you are a reporter of a reputed daily. Now, write a
Apart from the teachers, distinguished resource persons report on "Traffic Jam".
from the city were invited to be judges in the competitions. Chittagong traffic jam worsening
After everyday's competition, the names of the winners Chittagong Correspondent
were announced. Chittagong, 5 May, 2022 :
Bilkis Mahmuda of Science group, class eleven, became Traffic situation is worsening day by day in the port city of
champion of the cultural week. Keya Huq of Business Chittagong as the authorities concerned are keeping a blind
Studies, class twelve, and Sakila Islam of Arts and eye to the problem for long.
Humanities, class twelve, became second and third Huge working hour is wasted every day due to traffic jam.
respectively. Besides, they have economic loss as extra fuel is consumed
The final day of the week was on Thursday. There was no for the jam.
competition that day. The best performers of each event Prof Anu Mohammad of Urban Development Department
performed before the audience. The Mayor of Rajshahi City of Chittagong University said, ‗Lack of proper planning,
Corporation was present as the chief guest. He distributed neglect by traffic department and illegal parking are the
prizes among the winners. main causes of traffic jam.‘
10 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Price of Passengers allege, ‗Instead of performing duty, the traffic
rice is going down whereas price of some essentials is policemen are busy taking bribe from drivers who violate
soaring. Now make a report on it. different laws.'
Price of daily commodities soaring up The roads should be more spacious and the traffic laws
Staff Correspondent : The prices of all daily commodities should be strongly enforced, the experts suggest. They also
are on the increase. From the interview of the common say all roads should be free from hawkers and illegal
people it is found that the prices of all the necessary items parking to solve the problem.
of commodities excluding rice are rising so high that the 20 Suppose you are a reporter of the Daily Star. Now, write a
common people can hardly afford. report on "The Role of the Satellite Channels in Our
A buyer at Babubazar said the rice price has decreased Present Society".
between Tk 1 and Tk 2 per kg because the new harvest of The Satellite Channels : Impact on our society
Boro started arriving in the market. Different varieties of Staff Correspondent :
powdered milk have also increased between 2.19 percent In a recent survey, it has been found that the Satellite
and 11.11 percent. The price of garlic has increased between Channels are much more responsible for the moral
15 percent and 25.93 percent, beef 2.13 percent, mutton degradation of our young generation. The bad impact of
4.11 percent, broiler chicken 3.70 percent and Hilsha fish these channels has surpassed the good service they render/
11.76 percent for the last one-month, according to state serve.
owned Trading Corporation of Bangladesh (TCB). People all over the world became happy when satellite
However, vegetables price remained same as in the previous channels were introduced. But now they are alarmed of the
week. The prices of loose soybean, palm oil and mug dal misuse of these channels.
remained high. These channels can render a useful service telecasting
Common people have shown great concern over this price educative and informative programmes. They can also be a
hike. They want government to take immediate steps to great source of entertainment. But now they are destroying
 n h e i j English  41
 the moral values and character of the young generations by immediate solution.
telecasting immoral programs. Sometimes, they show such 31 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily. Now write a report
nasty and naked scenes that the youths can not but be about "Eve-easing" focusing on its causes and effects.
morally degenerated. As a result they are now being Causes and effects of Eve-teasing
involved with crimes, eve-teasing, acid throwing etc. For Staff Correspondent : Eve-teasing has become a much-
this, social peace and harmony is severely hampered. talked social disease in Bangladesh nowadays with
Experts believe that if this situation continues further, our thousands of women falling victim to it every day.
young generation will completely go to the dogs and the Whenever the issue comes up, men usually comment that
social stability will be crushed. modern women are "responsible" for it. They also point to
28 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily. Recently your locality the clothes women wear in public places.
has been hit by a flood. Now write a report on "Flood However, except a few exceptions in the posh zones,
Affected Area in Your Locality". women usually wear dresses that cannot be blamed for
Flood situation worsens in Netrokona instigating eve teasing.
Netrokona Correspondent Fourteen female students committed suicides in Bangladesh
Netrokona, 2 January, 2022 : / our locality in the last few months. They were teased,
Flood situation has deteriorated in Khaliajuri upazila in harassed verbally and physically while they were going to
Netrakona as 15,000 people have been marooned and educational institutions. All of these unfortunate girls were
20,000 hectares of Boro crops damaged. in uniforms.
Floodwater damaged 15,000 hectares of Boro crops at In most cases men don't hesitate to show disrespect towards
Baghatia, Gondamara, Nogor, Ballobpur and Jagannathpur women. Besides, movies and TV often present eve teasing
haor in Khaliajuri. or stalking as a mode of convincing beautiful girls.
A 10-kilometre portion of Jatrabari flood protection In reality, men become verbally and physically abusive if
embankment was washed away by floodwater. girls refuse to accept their indecent proposals. Sometimes
Water Development Board sources said the water level of they harass girls only to show their machismo.
the rivers Kongsha, Dhonu and Ubdakhali rose sharply. The existing laws need to be revised to address the present
As more people have been flood affected, shortage of situation. Besides, social awareness is also a must to check
drinking water and food has become acute. Different water- this disease.
borne diseases have spread among the flood victims. 39 Suppose you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Now
Government relief has yet to reach the flood affected areas. write a report on frequent hartals highlighting the
A number of local NGOs and some charity organizations devastating consequences in our daily life.
are conducting limited-scale relief activities. But it is very Hartal disrupts daily life
inadequate for the victims. Staff Correspondent : A seminar on "The culture of hartal
If relief is not distributed among the affected, people have to should be ended" was held at Dhaka National Press Club
starve. Oral saline and medicines have become a must for yesterday. The organization called 'Shushil Samaj' arranged
the patients. Doctors say if saline and medicines are not it. Almost all participators harshly criticized hartal
distributed immediately, epidemic may strike the flood remarking that it is harmful for the economic progress of the
affected areas. country.
30 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Load They said that frequent hartals generally disrupt the normal
shedding has become a major concern in your locality. Now life. Moreover, the poor suffer more during the hartal as
write a report on the frequent load shedding/ failure of they lose their income. It is generally believed that frequent
electricity in your area. hartals not only disrupt normal life, they also have a
Load-shedding cripples city negative effect on the poor income earners of the city like
Staff Correspondent : the rickshaw pullers, day laborers, slum dwellers etc.
People of the capital are going through acute power crisis in During the hartal, they can‘t go to their work. So they don‘t
the peak hours as gas supply is poor. earn money. Both major political parties have the financial
The crisis persists as four power plant units are not working resources and the country wide organizations need to
well. Two other units had to shut last week due to lack of employ outside workers. Both can afford to hire tokais,
gas supply. armed cadres or poor slum dwellers to ensure a good
Technical faults and shortage of gas supply force power turnout at their programmes. On hartal day laborers are
supply authorities to enforce load-shedding, PDB sources worked for economic interest and sometimes they are victim
said. of this politics.
Reports from different areas in the city confirm that load- While the negative economic consequences of hartal draw a
shedding occurs five to eight times till 12:00 am every day. great deal of attention, its social consequences should not be
This disruption in power supply is severely hampering daily overlooked, said the civil society.
life and business activities. 40 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily in Sylhet. Write a
Power Development Board officials say they are trying to report on the celebration of Pahela Baishakh celebrated
improve the situation. by Sylhet Cadet College.
The officials said the country now produces around 4,000 SCC celebrates Pahela Baishakh amidst fun in Sylhet
MW of electricity against the demand of over 6,500 MW. Sylhet Correspondent
Academic activities of students at both home and Sylhet, 15 April, 2022 : The students of Sylhet Cadet
educational institutions are being hampered due to load- College celebrated Pahela Baishakh by holding a cultural
shedding. Besides, production at mills and factories, function at the college auditorium yesterday.
treatment at hospitals and clinics and business activities are The Principal of the college inaugurated and presided over
also suffering badly. the programme that started at 10:00 am. The General
With the growing demand for electricity, the situation is Officer Commanding was present as the chief guest.
likely to turn worse if the government fails to find an The auditorium was specially decorated on the occasion.
 n h e i j English  42
 The college authorities formed different committees programme in the college campus. The students took part in
comprising teachers and students to stage the programme. different events including patriotic songs, Palli Geeti,
All the committee members worked hard to make the show Rabindra Sangeet and Nazrul Geeti and recitation of poems.
a success. Last of all, the students staged the drama "Kabar" written by
The programme began with a chorus in which every Munir Chowdhury.
student, both from stage and audience, took part. The students, teachers and guardians enjoyed the cultural
Other items that followed included songs, dance, recitation, programme. Towards the end of the programme the
band music and so on. The programme ended through principal gave away the prizes among the winners of the
staging a short drama that criticized the unruly youths and competitions.
their manner to celebrate the New Year. 62 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily. Write a report on
All the teachers and students were present and enjoyed the gender discrimination that exists in your family or
programme very much. locality.
Earlier in their speeches, both the principal and the chief Gender discrimination still prevails
guest conveyed their New Year greetings to the students and Staff Correspondent :
faculty members. They also thanked everyone for holding Gender discrimination prevails more or less in everywhere
such a wonderful show. around the globe. From family to national level it exists as a
45 Suppose you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Write a social phenomenon.
report on the observance of International Mother At family level, gender discrimination begins even before a
Language Day. girl is born. It is always seen that both the parents expect a
Amar Ekushey observed in Rangpur Division baby boy. Gender discrimination in our locality has reached
Rangpur Correspondence such a height that even a man often unjustly breaks up the
Rangpur, 22 February, 2022 : The Amar Ekushey and marriage tie because his wife has given birth to a baby girl.
International Mother Language Day-2022 has been During visits to different families, it is found that boys get
observed here yesterday amidst enthusiasm among the more nutrition than the girls. The mothers, despite being
common people, especially youngsters. women, commit this ill practice thinking that boys need
Observance of the day began at one minute past midnight more food. They don't believe that both girls and boys need
last night through placing wreaths at the Central Shaheed equal amount of nutrition to grow up healthily.
Minar by mayor of Rangpur City Corporation (RCC) Alhaj In education the discrimination is also severe. The parents
Sharfuddin Ahmed Jhantu, Divisional Commissioner are found more willing to send their sons to good schools
Jashim Uddin Ahmed, Deputy Inspector General (DIG) of and colleges. Many of them plan an early marriage for their
Police Iqbal Bahar at the Central Shaheed Minar to pay due daughters and thus don't let her go for higher education.
respects to the martyrs of Language Movement. In job sector, a female applicant is sometimes turned down
In the morning, thousands of people of all ages in bare feet even if she is more qualified than many of her male
brought out a mourning procession singing 'Amar Bhayer counterparts. During interviews of different human resource
Rakte Rangano Ekushey February, Ami Ki Bhulite Pari'. personnel, it is learned that hiring companies don't want to
The daylong programmes also included hoisting of the take women in administrative posts.
National Flag at half-mast atop all government, semi- Although there is widespread prejudice against women that
government, autonomous, private, commercial buildings they are not as skilled as men, scientific and social
and educational institutions and inauguration of a weeklong researches rule down this view as mere superstition.
Ekushey Book Fair on the Central Shaheed Minar premises. 66 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily newspaper. Make a
Special prayers were offered at Mosques, Mandirs, report on "A Science Fair".
Churches, Pagodas and other places of religious worships. Science fair held at Adamjee Cant. College
The local daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly, online and Staff Correspondent : A grand science fair was held at
other newspapers have published special supplementary Adamjee Cantonment College in the capital with the aim of
issues and Rangpur Betar Kendra has aired special promoting science and removing fear of the discipline from
programmes narrating importance and significance of the students' minds.
day. The Principal of Adamjee Cantonment College inaugurated
55 Suppose, you are a reporter of a daily. Make a report on the three-day fair at the college compound with the slogan
sports and cultural function or programme held in your "Promote science, remove darkness".
college. At least 30 colleges from Dhaka and elsewhere took part in
Sports and cultural function held at Shah Zafor the fair as teams. Each team consisted of five members who
Technical College in Faridpur displayed at least one of their own scientific creations. Each
Faridpur Correspondent team got their own separate stall for presentation of their
Faridpur, 10 January, 2022 : The annual cultural function projects.
and games in a befitting manner ended today at Shah Zafor The fair was open for all. Students from the participating
Technical College campus at Boalmari, Faridpur with the colleges and other institutions came to visit the fair. The
participation of all students, teachers and staff. participants presented their projects before the audience
The students of the college decorated the college campus with patience.
with colourful flags and paper designs. A decorative gate After three days of display, the Principal of Adamjee
was put up in front of the college building. The sports Cantonment College presented awards among the winning
started at 8:00 am as soon as the sports flag along with the teams.
national flag was hoisted by the principal. There were total Besides the demonstrations, the fair arranged science quiz,
10 events such as 200 metres race, 100 metres race, sack documentary film show and scientific book exhibition for
race, high jump, long jump etc. The students of this college the viewers.
took part in these competitions.
In the afternoon, there was a cultural competition
 n h e i j English  43
 English chemicals and insecticides get mixed with rain water, it causes
Paragraph Writing Second Paper water pollution. Mills and factories throw away their waste
materials and toxic wastes into the rivers and canals and cause
National Flag water pollution. Steamers, launches and boats also pollute water
A national flag is the symbol of independence and sovereignty
by throwing oil, food and human waste into the rivers and
of a free country. Bangladesh has also a national flag.
canals. Moreover, unsanitary latrines in the countryside standing
Bangladesh got this flag on December 16, 1971 after a nine-
on the banks of ditches, canals and rivers also pollute water.
month long valiant struggle of our heroic freedom fighters with
Furthermore, Kutcha drains running into the canals and rivers
the occupying Pakistani army. The flag is rectangular in size
cause water pollution. Clean water is safe for use but polluted
having a proportion of 10 : 6. There are two colours in our
water is harmful for man. Water pollution can be prevented in
national flag – bottle green and red. The green colour of our flag
many ways. Various kinds of fatal diseases like diarrhoea,
stands for everlasting youth, freshness and vigour of the nation.
dysentery, cholera including water borne diseases are the effects
It also symbolizes the greenery of Bangladesh. The deep red
of water pollution. Water pollution always threatens the
round colour part symbolizes the rising sun of independence. It
existence of human lives on earth.
also stands for the supreme sacrifices of our heroic freedom
fighters who laid down their lives for the cause of their
Village Life and City Life
Though man is living now both in villages and cities, there are
motherland. The flag is hoisted everyday on top of government
some differences between the two ways of life. The development
buildings, educational institutions and offices. It is hoisted
of the country depends both on the development of the cities and
everywhere on the Independence Day and the Victory Day.
the villages. If the cities produce something, the villages supply
Besides, it is hoisted half mast on national and international
them with the raw materials. In the cities, life is busy and
mourning days. Whenever we see our national flag flying, our
competitive, and people live in polluted environment. But the
mind is filled with joy and hearts swell in pride.
environment of the villages is very fresh and hygienic. Modern
Road Accident/Causes and Effects of Road Accident
facilities are available in the cities, whereas most of the villagers
A road accident is the most vulnerable, unexpected, intolerable
are bereft of modern facilities. Proper medical treatment and
incident in human life. Nowadays, Bangladesh becomes one of
higher educational institutions are available in cities. In the
the most accident prone countries where generally, this incident
cities, people lead a very artificial life in the big buildings. But
happens mostly. It generally takes place on High Ways where all
in the villages, one can lead a simple life in the lap of nature.
the vehicles are always in a hurry. Road accidents cause
The villagers can enjoy natural beauties while the city-dwellers
unexpected incidents but if we find the reasons of this, then, at
can appreciate the beauties of architecture. Their art and culture
first the ignorance of traffic rules is found. Always we ignore the
are also different. So village life and city life have many points
traffic rules as if we loved to do it and it causes accident.
of difference.
Besides these, there are some other reasons. As roads are not
wide and good, most of the vehicles are nearly damaged but they Our College Library
are on road, the drivers are not well trained and not sincere to We are really proud of having a very rich library in our college.
their duty etc. Because of these above mentioned reasons, road Our college library is a great attraction for us. It is said that a
accident is usually happened. These all are known to us but we library is a store house of knowledge which can help a man to
do not care for it. Due to such accidents, people lose their lives. satisfy his desire for knowing the unknown. Our college library
To solve the problem, some attempts should be taken by has also a very rich collection of books on various subjects
government and individuals. Traffic rules should be made strict. namely novels, fictions, story books, poetry books, plays,
People must be made aware of traffic rules. autobiographies and periodicals- all arranged in a systematic
My Country/Bangladesh way in our well decorated library. Books on religion and sports
Bangladesh, my country, is an independent sovereign country. are also available here. Our college library is housed on the 2nd
She got her freedom from Pakistan on 16 th December, 1971. floor of our academic building. Attached to the library there is a
Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. She is a temperate country- well furnished reading room for the students and the teachers. A
neither too hot nor too cold. She has six seasons - each season pin drop silence prevails in the reading room. An efficient and
covering two Bengali months. The total land area of the country well qualified librarian handles the activities of the library. He is
is about 1,47,570 square kilometres with a population of over assisted by three peons who are very expert in finding out books
160 millions. Around 1800 people live per square kilometre. She to the readers. There exists a calm, quiet and serene atmosphere
is the most densely populated country in the world. She is a in our library. Books are issued against library cards. In fact, our
plain and fertile land with a large number of rivers and college library is a part and parcel of our college life.
tributaries. The Padma, the Meghna and the Jamuna are her main A Moonlit Night
important rivers. The majority of her population are farmers. A moonlit night is a great pleasure and source of recreation for
Rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane etc are our main crops. the people of almost all ages, tastes and temperaments. The night
Mangoes, jackfruits, coconuts, pineapples etc grow here in in which the moon shines brightly in the cloudless clear sky is
generally known as a moonlit night. It comes to us with all her
plenty. The natural beauty is the main attraction of this country.
Bangladesh has three World Heritage Sites declared by the stimulation and magnificent beauty. The moon then looks like a
UNESCO. Cox's Bazar sea beach, Saint Martins island, disk of dazzling silver and bathes the nature with her pleasant
Rangamati, Jafflong, Sundarbans are some famous tourist spots. light. The water of rivers, canals and tanks seem to smile on this
She is one of the attractions of the tourists from home and moonlit night. The whole nature wears a bright and charming
abroad. look. It soothes our eyes and refreshes our minds. Both the city
Water Pollution and the village dwellers enjoy the night gossiping, walking here
Water, one of the ingredients of life, is being polluted by many and there. Children greatly enjoy the night playing. There are
ways. And it is men who are greatly responsible for water plenty of poems, songs, stories, fairy tales about moonlit nights.
pollution. Man pollutes water by throwing different wastes into Again some birds and beasts come out leaving their nestling
rivers, canals and ditches. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and place to relish the beauty of the night. In fine, a moonlit night is
insecticides in their fields to grow more food. When these a nice gift of nature and it spell bounds all through its loveliness.

 n h e i j English  44
 Early Rising becomes a model for the students. All the above mentioned
The habit of early rising provides a lot of benefits to the early qualities make a teacher an ideal one.
riser. It is of special use to a man in various ways. It is essential Satellite TV Channels :
for maintaining good health. Firstly, an early riser can take some A Source of Cultural Interaction
exercises daily or a walk in the morning fresh air by the river Despite having some negative effects, satellite TV has added a
side or in the open field. The morning air full of oxygen new dimension to our oriental life providing many programmes
refreshes his body and mind. Secondly, he can enjoy the calm through different channels. Satellite TV is a great source of
and serene atmosphere everywhere. Thirdly, he can enjoy the recreation and knowledge. It has a great importance in the field
beauty of nature full of colourful flowers, green fields and the of education. Different channels telecast various educative
chirping of birds. All these make an early riser cheerful and dramas, movies, sports, cultural functions, news and
healthy. Fourthly, he can start his daily work earlier without any documentaries. With the combined help of satellite and dish
worry or haste. Thus he gets enough time to work, earn more antenna satellite TV can telecast any programme live from the
and become wealthy. The habit of early rising reminds remotest part of the world. The world has turned into a global
everybody of the Creator and one feels like praying to God. village. It brings us the information regarding states, economics,
Thus he becomes wise. So, the habit of early rising is the source politics, anthropology, geography, science, literature,
of health, wealth and wisdom. archaeology and the art and culture of every country of the
Tree/Tree Plantation world. But many people especially young generations are
Since the dawn of civilization man has a close relation with forgetting our own customs and culture and becoming more
nature. Man has made friendship with trees. As such, trees play addicted to the western culture, that is leading them to moral
an important role in our life and economy. Planting trees is a degradation. To foster and enrich our own culture we should
noble work as trees and plants supply oxygen, the most vital arrange different programmes which are related to our culture,
thing for our survival. Besides, they are a great source of food history etc.
and vitamins. Trees also provide us with fruits, flowers and My Favourite Teacher
timber for furniture. They give shade and shelter to many Mr. Monirul Ahsan Hero, our English teacher, is my favourite
people. They make the land fertile and save land from erosion. teacher. I like him very much for some of his extra-ordinary
They attract rains, prevent drought, control flood and maintain qualities. His method of teaching is outstanding. His art of
ecological balance. Nowadays, Bangladesh has been facing speaking is also very appealing. I become spellbound when I
drought, excessive rainfall and floods because of tremendous listen to him. His pronunciation is so clear that students can
shortage of her forests. We should therefore, make it a point to understand his lecture easily. Besides, he takes care of every
plant more trees than we cut down. Plenty of seedlings and student in such a manner that everyone regards him as an
saplings need to be planted on both sides of roads and in the intimate one. Moreover, he is rude to none, rather he treats all
unused barren lands around our houses. It is impossible to very politely and equally. He is also very co-operative. If a
describe the importance and uses of trees in words. They are a student fails to understand any term, he helps him understand it
part and parcel of our day to day life. In fine, tree plantation is again and again. He is very punctual. For these reasons, he is
necessary for the maintenance of ecological balance. very poular with the students. He leads a very simple life. I
A Winter Morning hardly find these qualities in other teachers. Following him, I
A winter morning is both enjoyable and distressful. It is would like to be a teacher like him. I am very proud of my
naturally a very cold morning. There is dense fog all around. favourite teacher.
Sometimes the fog is so dense that the sun rays can't get through My Future Plan of Life
it. Nothing can be seen even at a little distance. Dew drops fall at Every person has a future plan of his/her life. I have also my
night. When the morning sun peeps they look like glittering gold own future plan of life. And I am leading my life towards that
on grasses and leaves. It is pleasant to the rich but curse to the plan. The plan is to be a doctor. My parents have given their
poor. The poor village people and the slum dwellers in cities consent to my choice. There are many reasons for choosing the
suffer greatly for want of warm clothes. Farmers have to go to profession of a doctor. The village people in our country are
the fields with their materials. The workers of low classes have very poor and illiterate. They do not have any knowledge of
to go to their workplace in the morning. In the villages, children health and sanitation. They often suffer from various diseases.
and old people gather straw and make fires to warm themselves. But there is no qualified doctor to serve them. There are a few
The old people bask in the sun or warm themselves beside quacks but they cannot serve them properly. They only gather
fireplace. In the village market, some people come out to sell money from our poor and simple villagers. Many people die a
'date juice'. The scenery of towns is totally different from premature death for want of proper treatment. So I have decided
villages. The people of the town get up from bed a bit late. They to serve them through this profession. I have also a
also enjoy the winter morning. Thus a winter morning is not determination to set up a charitable dispensary in our village and
only enjoyable but also distressful to people. distribute medicines to the poor free of cost.
An Ideal Teacher English
There are some outstanding qualities that help a teacher to be an Composition Writing Second Paper
ideal teacher. Such as his teaching method is extraordinary and
art of speaking is very appealing. He makes his lessons Female Education in Bangladesh/
interesting. He acts when he delivers his lecture. He never sits Necessity of Female Education in Bangladesh
motionless before his class. He is able to bring out the latent Females are almost half of the total population of Bangladesh.
talent of a student with proper guidance. He is well behaved. He So the importance of females is not less than the males in our
is not biased to any student, rather he treats all equally. He is a society. Their intellectual, psychological and moral levels
man of upright character in his private life. He is punctual and influence the whole nation to a great extent. As a result female
economical in every respect. He does the right things at the right education in Bangladesh is given importance for her national
time. He is studious. He is sincere to his work. Moreover, he growth and development. But the scenario is not so satisfactory.
takes care of every student so that he regards him as an intimate
friend. This is why, he is very popular with the students and In our family and social life, the females play a very vital role.
 n h e i j English  45
As mothers, sisters and housewives, their function is highly There are many reasons for climate change in the world. The
important. They give the children primary academic education impacts of high temperature, more variable precipitation, more
and moral lesson. The mental make-up, nature, behaviour, moral extreme weather events, and sea level rise are the intensifying
values, character, personality- everything of the children largely factors of climate change. The emission of carbon from
depend on the knowledge and skills of the female. Even the industries is likely to be the prime cause of climate change.
health and treatment of the family members are also largely Because of carbon emission, the glacier of the Himalayas melt
dependent on their care and consciousness. Actually females are and that melting causes higher flows and severe floods.
the key factors in the family life. As they play such vital roles in Deforestation is also a reason that increases carbon in the
family and society, they must be properly educated. If they are environment.
not educated the whole society will be affected. In Bangladesh, climate change will affect many sectors
A woman has a significant role as a citizen in the state as well. including water resources, agriculture and food security,
She has to know her rights, privileges and duties. If she gets ecosystems and biodiversity, human health and coastal zones.
education, she can prove her worth. The climate changes are already having major impacts on the
In our society women are mostly neglected. They are deprived in economic performance of Bangladesh and on the lives and
every sphere of their life. If they get education, they will feel livelihoods of millions of poor people. It worsens many
themselves powerful and nobody can deprive them of their environmental and developmental problems and the rainfall
rights. could increase flood affected areas in Bangladesh.
The Government of Bangladesh has taken some positive steps to It is predicted that climate change could have devastating impact
promote female education and has made female education free on agriculture. The rise of the sea level threaten the valuable
up to HSC level. To encourage female folk in education they are coastal agricultural land, particularly in low-lying areas of our
given special quota in jobs. country. Biodiversity is also hampered in the Sundarbans and
Apart from these, media are playing praiseworthy role to tropical forests. The effects of these impacts will threaten food
promote female education. A day will come in Bangladesh when security for the most vulnerable people of Bangladesh. A large
all females go hand in hand with men in every sector. Only then number of people will become homeless, landless and will have
we can hope for a developed a nation. to lead a miserable life.
My Favourite Poet (Kazi Nazrul Islam)/ The poor and the vulnerable in Bangladesh are constantly
adjusting to climate change by raising their houses above the
Personality You Like Most
flood level or changing crop types. The government and also the
Kazi Nazrul Islam popularly known as the 'rebel poet' is my foreign assistance are needed to get out of this maleffect of
favourite poet. I admire all the great poets but I love Nazrul climate change.
Islam most. His poetry has a great charm for me. My heart
dances and blood stimulates when I read his poems. Rivers of Bangladesh
Nazrul Islam is my teacher, my guide. I like to recite some of the Bangladesh is a land of rivers. There are more than 230 rivers in
most famous lines of his poems. Nazrul's poems give me hope the whole country. The importance of rivers is really immense
and courage at the time of my despair. Though I am not a good for the country. Our agriculture, energy sector, water-way
singer, I like to sing some of his famous songs. I love and communication, economy, trade and commerce etc are greatly
admire Nazrul Islam for his writings of revolutionary spirits. dependent on our rivers.
Kazi Nazrul Islam was born at Churulia in the district of The Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna and the Karnafuli are the
Burdwan in 1899. He was born in a poor but noble family. He main rivers. Besides these, there are many small rivers in our
did not get a good chance for regular education. He was a country. All the rivers are necessary in our national life.
restless child by nature. The school education had no charm for
River plays an important role in our agriculture. The rivers
him. He walked about and received his lessons from whatever he
supply water and make the land fertile by depositing silt. Silt
saw or heard all around him. As a school pupil, as a teacher of a
maktab, as an assistant of a baker's shop, as a maker of songs for helps to grow plenty of crops as it makes the soil fertile.
the Jatra Party and as a soldier in the First World War, he The rivers abound with a great variety fishes. Fishes are one of
gathered a lot of experiences. the main sources of protein which is very important for human
His books 'Agnibina', 'Bisher Banshi', 'Bidrohi', 'Sarbahara', body. Many people earn their livelihood by catching and selling
'Bulbul', 'Dhumketu' etc. are his notable works. They have a fishes. Thus river plays a great role in our economy and health.
great contribution towards Bengali literature. He composed Rivers play a vital role in our communication. Our rivers are
thousands of songs and 'gajals'. He also wrote so many novels, great means of transport too. Rivers can be extensively used to
stories, dramas and poems. His poems inspired thousands of go from one place to another. People can make an easy and
people to fight for our independence. comfortable journey across the river. So rivers are of great
Nazrul was at the same time a poet, a musician, a novelist, a story importance to communication.
writer and a dramatist. Poet Nazrul Islam is greatly honoured as the Rivers can be used as sources of energy. At present we get
national poet of Bangladesh. He died on the 29th August, 1976 in power from the hydro-electric project of Karnafuli.
Dhaka. But his literary works will never die.
Sometimes rivers become curse for us. In rainy season the rivers
Climatic Change and Bangladesh / become full to the brim. They cause flood and flood causes a
Climate Change and Its Effect great suffering and even death to the people and animals. River
Climate change is the recent problem that is surrounding the erosion is another curse for us. Every year many people become
whole nation. Our country is most vulnerable to the impacts of homeless and shelterless and we lose much of our cultivable
climate change. People are very close to the risks of cyclones, lands due to river erosion
floods and droughts especially who are living in rural or coastal In conclusion, we can say that our rivers are a great asset for us.
areas. If we can use them properly, it will bring great benefit for us.
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 Environment Pollution Patriotism
Environment pollution is a great problem for the world. Air, Patriotism refers to the love one has towards one's country. It is
water and soil are the main elements of our environment. These a noble virtue. The person who has love for his country is a
elements are very important for our survival on this earth. patriot. A patriot's patriotism leads him to save his country from
Unfortunately, every moment we are polluting these elements. any foreign invasion at any cost and he is always ready to
Air is an important element. We pollute air by creating smoke. dedicate his life for the prosperity of his country. To a patriot his
We make smoke by cooking food, melting pitch, burning brick country is like his mother and he never hesitates to sacrifice his
etc. Again, motor vehicles create huge smoke in the air. On the life to save the honour of his country.
other hand, everyday we cut down more and more trees. It The patriotism of a patriot is his good sentiment, love, feelings
increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. As a result, and wishes of goodness to his country. Only patriotism can lead
world temperatures are increasing day by day and cause global a man towards supreme sacrifice for the nation.
warming. This creates a great harm to human beings. The people of our country showed a high example of patriotism
Water is another important element of our environment. It is a during the liberation war of 1971. About 3 million people
matter of great regret that we also pollute it. Water is polluted in irrespective of race, religion, age or gender sacrificed their lives
many ways. Industrial and household wastages are thrown into for the sake of the country's freedom. It would not be possible
the river, canal and pond water. Chemical fertilizers used by the without strong patriotism.
farmers also get mixed with water and the water becomes Bigot patriotism or blind patriotism is no good. It leads to malice
polluted. Even ocean is not free from pollution. Fishes and and jealousy among the nations. It creates quarrel, conflict and
plants of water are in great danger. clash among the countries. For this, freedom of his own country
Again, we also pollute soil everyday. We are cutting down trees. becomes at stake. When bigot patriotism goes beyond control, it
This causes soil pollution. Sometimes we throw plastic materials brings destructive consequences. The bigotted love of Hitler
and poisonous things on soil. They also pollute soil. initiated the 2nd World War which killed millions of people and
We should take steps to stop pollution. The price of this serious brought disgrace to Germany and Japan. On the other hand true
pollution is death. We need to plant more trees to prevent patriotism leads to philanthropic love. It leads the nations of the
pollution. We should not throw industrial wastes directly to the world to prosperity and creates mutual respect. A true patriot
water. Students have some duties to lessen pollution. They can loves his country and respects others' sovereignty. He never
plant trees near their houses. They also can advise people about hates other people's culture and independence. Thus, his attitude
the bad effects of pollution. is for universal welfare and peace. He becomes the glory of the
world.
We need to save our environment. It is important for our living.
Government should take necessary steps to prevent pollution. Every religion tells us to be patriotic. It is a noble virtue. We all
Otherwise, it will bring threat to us. should exercise this virtue in our life.
Dangers of Drug Addiction / Drug Addiction Internet - boon or bane
The other name of drug is medicine, but when it is used Internet is the latest wonder of modern science. It has really
indiscriminately with a view to making the users' nervous created a great revolution in the world. It is a computer-based
system inactive, it is addiction. Drug addiction is a very global network system. Internet has a lot of uses. There is hardly
dangerous social crime. It indeed destroys the young generation any facility which is not got through internet.
of a nation. Moreover, it destroys morality and breeds many Internet is composed of numerous interconnected computer
other crimes in the society. networks. Each network may connect tens, hundreds or even
Up to the sixties, it was a problem of the industrially developed thousands of computers.
capitalist countries of the West. Since the end of the sixties, it We can get all kinds of information, knowledge, inventions,
has spread to the least developed countries like Bangladesh. processes, techniques, technologies, arts, literature etc. through
Now the picture of drug addiction is not so pleasing. A section it. It enables us to share information, databases etc. with one
of young people is addicted to different types of drugs. another.
There are several reasons behind drug addiction. Acute Now people all over the world can communicate cheaply and
unemployment, miserable poverty, political unrest, lack of social effectively with one another through Internet. Now it has turned
security, lack of any particular aim in life are the reasons for the world into a Global Village.
drug addiction. Out of curiosity, they take them at first but they
become habituated. Thus a lot of our young men and women, It has brought about new opportunities to a government,
even teenagers, have become addicted to different kinds of business organisation, educational institution etc. It also helps to
drugs. The situation is getting worse day by day. keep transparency in all sectors of the government. Students can
Drugs have terrible effect on human body. It carries the addict to collect important information and necessary study materials
an unreal world of dreams. The addict feels drowsy, loses through internet. Doctors and scientists can perform their
appetite and feels like smiting. They damage the brain and the research collecting latest information from internet.
internal function of the body and ultimately lead to death. Besides, it helps to find advertisements of various goods and
The perfect strictness of law must be continued including death services online to customers and business concerns. Today many
penalty for drug smuggling. Steps have to be taken to treat and people use Internet for shopping, paying bills and online
rehabilitate the addicted ones. No medicine should be dispensed banking. We can easily download and upload lots of our
without prescription. Young generation must be made aware of necessary things.
the dangerous effect of drug taking. Parents must be more However, it has some negative effects also. Nowadays many
careful about the education and upbringing of their children. A people, especially teen-agers, are randomly misusing it. They
country-wide campaign against drug addiction should be often browse it or keep chatting through it. They sometimes use
undertaken immediately. To remove drug addiction is a internet inconsiderately and waste a lot of time being absorbed
mammoth task. United and determined efforts are needed to do in social networking sites. Thus they kill their valuable time and
it.
 n h e i j English  47
study, and ruin their future. Sometimes some criminals and was full of guests, and I passed a few days in the midst of joy
terrorists take the advantage of internet to materialise their and mirth. My aunt is highly qualified; she is kind and loving
terrible targets. too. Soon I grew into her favour and affection. She took charge
Thus we see that internet has a lot of uses. Despite these, it has of my education and became my guide and guardian.
also some abuses. So we should use internet wisely to keep pace Of recollections outside school, the memory of plucking flowers,
with the rest of the world. stealing mangoes, coconuts, etc. is still fresh in my mind. How
Students and Social Service happy I was at my childhood days! I wish I were a child again.
Students are devotees in the temple of learning. The first and Duties of Students/
foremost duty of students is to study seriously with devotion. The Duties and Responsibilities of Students
They should try to gain knowledge and experience which will Students are the hopes of the nation. As they are refined and
enable them to play their role in society. Without gaining proper tender, much depends on them for the development of the
knowledge they cannot be able to work for the welfare of the country. They have to render great service to the society.
society as well as country. In fact, student life is the life of Students have the strength to play a vital role in gaining any
preparation— preparation for the struggle of life that lies ahead. positive thing. If they come forward vigorously, they can win
So, study should be their most important duty. any difficult situation. It is evident in our history.
In an underdeveloped country like ours, the students can do Study is the principal duty of the students. They should enrich
many things along with their study. At times they can be their realm of knowledge by widening the outlook of their life. It
engaged in social services. They can do many benevolent works is rightly called the seedtime of human life. If they sow good
involving themselves in social service. seeds in this period, they will have a good harvest in future.
Mass illiteracy is a great problem. In this field, our students can Student life is the perfect period of preparation for all the
make a distinct contribution. In town, they can run night schools problems that an individual and a community face. So, students
for adults and when they go home during long vacation they can have many other duties beside studies. They should take part in
establish libraries, night schools, clubs, gymnasiums and the social activities. Students can do a lot to remove illiteracy from
like. They can explain elementary rules of health and warn the the society. They may conduct night school and educate the
people about the danger of population explosion. ignorant. Students should make people aware of the adverse
Students must be ready to respond to the call of their country. effect of over population. Students can make the farmers aware
They must come forward to render their helping hands in any of the modern method of cultivation. Doing all these things, they
kind of disaster of the country. When a country is face to face can keep a great contribution in the development of the nation.
with a natural calamity like flood or famine, they can render Students have many other duties too. They must stand by the
social service by giving help to suffering humanity. They may distressed, the poor and the deprived. Bangladesh often faces
collect money, clothes, blankets, foods etc, go to the flood and natural calamities. Students must work for the suffering people
famine affected area and help them distributing this money, and during these calamities. They may campaign to raise fund for
materials. relief and distribute them among the sufferers. They must avoid
Even the importance of Boy Scouts, Guides, Rover Scouts and party politics, but must remain conscious of politics. They must
Bangladesh National Cadet Cores is immense. If they are trained grow up as ideal persons to be followed by others.
up in such branches of learning, they will be moulded up to The students are the future leaders of our country. So, they must
render their social services wholeheartedly. Only then they will be well trained and well educated so that they can carry out their
win the love and confidence of the people. duties effectively. Then we can expect a better future for us.
My Childhood Memories / Unemployment Problem in Bangladesh
Some Recollections of My Childhood Unemployment is the state of not having a job to earn one's
Childhood is the sweetest period of human life. Everybody is livelihood. This problem is one of the talked topics in the present
fond of remembering his or her childhood days and I am no context of Bangladesh. It is a curse and it has become acute in
exception to this rule. Whenever I recollect my childhood our country. In Bangladesh, there are different reasons behind
memories, my mind fills with amusement. unemployment problem.
I can hardly remember what happened during the first four years Bangladesh is an overpopulated country. Her population is much
of my life. But so far as I guess, I was an object of care and larger than the job opportunities she can provide. As a result,
affection to all in the family. Everyone in the family loved me government is not capable of providing employment for too
very much. many people. Moreover, there are some problems in our
I fondly remember the day of the beginning of my learning. I education system. Our education is not capable of making
was then five years old. I was sent to village pathshala. There I skilled people and there is a great difference between our
was admitted to class 1. This village pathshala was an interesting education and professional proficiency. As a result, educated
place to me. I enjoyed reading there with a lot of boys of my people have to suffer a lot.
age. People of our country hanker after dignified job and some
But the day ever to be remembered by me is the day on which people just want to become officers only. Some people dislike
my grandmother died. It is the saddest day of my life. I was then laborious job and so they remain unemployed. This is a great
nine years old, so I could not properly understand what death reason behind this problem.
meant. My father was sobbing, my mother was weeping bitterly Unemployment problem in Bangladesh causes many social
and my uncle was crying, but I burst into a loud cry. Even now problems like drug addiction, drug business, terrorism,
my eyes get wet with tears whenever her face flashes into my hijacking, extortion and so on. Unemployed people of our
mind. society have to lead a miserable life and they become the burden
Another important event that I fully remember was the marriage of the nation. The burden of unemployment becomes a great
ceremony of my uncle. I was then twelve years old. Our house curse to the unemployed people.

 n h e i j English  48
To solve the unemployment problem, government as well as garden, I feel proud. When I get the sweet scent of my garden
non-government organisations have to take pragmatic initiatives. flowers, my pleasure knows no bound.
We have to foster industrialisation and establish new mills and Gardening is very useful to a man. It gives a man pleasure. It
factories. Vocational education should be encouraged and makes a man active and healthy. If a man feels bored, he can
introduced. We should increase the rate of literacy so that people spend his time in his garden. It helps a man to remove his
can be conscious of the bad effects of overpopulation. Our boredom. If he grows some vegetables in his garden, this saves a
educated young generation should change their attitude to life. lot of expenditure of his family. Moreover, to work in the garden
They can start small business of their own such as poultry is a physical exercise. So every man should have a hobby.
farming, cultivating fish, growing vegetables etc. In fact, self-
employment is a possible solution to this great problem. If all Birds of Bangladesh
these can be implemented, the problem will be reduced to a great Birds are beautiful creatures of nature and source of joy and
extent. pleasure. They enrich our natural beauty. Bangladesh is a unique
abode of birds. Various species of birds are seen in our country.
A Journey by Train / Journey I Have Made Recently
In Bangladesh, there are about 575 species of birds. Among
Journey is always a matter of pleasure to me and a journey by
them there are both migratory and domestic birds. About one-
train is my most favourite journey. On the 5 th January 2015, I
third of them are guest or migratory birds which come in
had an excellent journey by train to Sylhet. Our college was
September or October and live up to February or March. The
closed for the winter vacation. I started for my uncle's house at
rest are domestic birds. The most familiar but the least liked bird
Sylhet from Dhaka. One of my cousins accompanied me. The
in Bangladesh is the crow. It is a bird of prey. It is very cunning.
journey was really very enjoyable to me.
People usually dislike it because of its ugly appearance and
We bought two first class tickets. We were waiting at the harsh voice.
platform for the train. Soon the train arrived at the station.
The common plundering birds are the kite, the seagull, the
Passing a huge crowd, somehow we managed our seats beside a
kingfisher etc. They have keen eyes, sharp claws and nails and
window. The train started from Kamalapur Railway Station at
sweeping nature. They swoop down upon their prey and carry it
10:30 pm.
away. Because of their nature they are called plundering birds.
The train was a mail train. It stopped only at the big stations. I
The dove is a mild bird. It may be called a song bird as it is also
was looking outside through the window and enjoying the
noted for its songs. The pigeon is a small pet bird. Some people
natural beauty. It seemed that all the houses and trees on both
keep them as their hobby. The snipe, the bittern, the heron and
sides were running backward. The sights were changing every
the teals are called game birds as they are hunted and killed for
moment. My heart was filled with amusement seeing the sights.
food or sports.
The train reached Bhairab Bazar at I2:00 a.m. We saw many
The cuckoo is the most popular song bird. It appears with the
passengers and hawkers at the station. Some hawkers entered the
coming of spring. The parrot, the maina, the chandana, the
train and tempted us to buy different things. I bought chocolates
shyama, the koel and the shalik are popular singing birds. The
and juice. Soon the train started with whistles. The train was
doel is the national bird of Bangladesh.
going towards Sylhet at a great speed.
The tuntuni, the babui and the swallow are called tailor birds.
Many passengers were talking of many matters of their own life.
The sparrow is a very small bird. It is very active and alert.
Some of them talked about our national politics. The young man
Again the vulture is a common bird. It feeds upon the flesh of
sitting at my left side wanted to know about me and my journey.
dead animals.
I told him and he also told of his ownself.
Birds add charm and beauty to the flora and fauna of our
After a long journey, at last the train reached Sylhet in the
country. It is our moral responsibility to help them survive.
morning. I got my uncle there. I felt very excited seeing him and
he cordially received me and my cousin. It was a very pleasant Deforestation/
journey indeed. I will remember it forever. The Effects of Deforestation on the Environment
My Favourite Hobby The cutting down of trees indiscriminately is called
Hobby is an interesting work at leisure. Hobby means a deforestation. People cut down trees for various purposes
favourite occupation of a man. But it is not his main business. A without any consideration. To meet up the basic needs of food
person usually does this to have pleasure in his mind. It may not and housing trees are being cut on a large scale and thus it
bring him money but it gives him joy and pleasure. It is an causes the ecological imbalance. Consequently, the atmosphere
important means of getting enjoyment. So it is necessary to of the world is going under a huge threat.
enjoy life. The causes of deforestation are many. The large number of
There are different kinds of hobbies like gardening, painting, population of our country needs more shelter, agricultural land,
drawing picture, stamp collecting, autograph collecting, coin fuel, furniture and so on. To meet all these demands people cut
collecting, kite flying, fishing etc. Different people have trees indiscriminately, forgetting the dire consequences of the
different types of hobby. I also have a hobby. My hobby is days to come. Besides, there are some dishonest people who cut
gardening. trees in our forest to make money. Due to their greed for money
I have a small garden in front of our house. I have planted many our forestlands are being destroyed.
kinds of flower plants in my garden. I take care of my garden The bad impacts of cutting trees indiscriminately are too many
properly. I make the soil loose with a spade. I weed out the grass to describe. As a result, of deforestation, the existence of
of my garden. Sometimes I water my flower plants. I have made animals is going to be threatened. We get oxygen from trees.
a fence around my garden so that animals and naughty children Due to deforestation, carbon dioxide is increasing worldwide. As
can do no harm to it. Every afternoon I spend at least two hours a result, the world is getting warmer. The sea level is rising and
in my garden. As a result of it, my blood runs well. Besides this, many parts of the world are going to be engulfed by the sea in
gardening is very useful to health and mind. It strengthens my near future. If it happens, a significant number of people of the
health and refreshes my mind. When the flowers bloom in my world will turn into climate refugee.
 n h e i j English  49
Deforestation destroys the ecosystem of the environment. If we birds fills the minds of people with pleasure.
destroy trees at random, one day the country will turn into a This season is the period of abundance. Vegetables grow in
great desert. The country will be unsuitable for living and plenty. It is the best harvesting period. Crops and grains cover
various natural calamities like flood, drought, storm etc. will the fields. Plants and trees become lively.
visit our country. Then the country will suffer extensively.
Spring wins my heart with her manifold charms. No one can
Necessary measures should be taken to prevent deforestation. overlook her wealth of natural beauties, and her pleasant
We should plant two trees if we cut down one. People should be temperate climate.
made aware of tree plantation through mass media. As a whole,
So, spring is the king of seasons. It is the season of youth and
tree plantation programme should be extended throughout the
colour, new leaves, new buds, new flowers, sweet melody,
country. Finally, we all have to work together to save our
gentle breeze and moderate climate. The season is really
beautiful world.
enjoyable to all.
Value of Time
Importance/ Benefits of Reading Newspaper
It can undoubtedly be said that the value of time is limitless. It
Newspaper is a wonder of modern science. It is a moving mirror
cannot be measured. Its main focus is that human life is short but
of the world we live in. It is a storehouse of knowledge of home
he has to do all his works within the short span of time.
and abroad. Modern life cannot be imagined without newspaper.
"Time and tide wait for none." Really, time is the most valuable Everyone waits for the newspaper in everyday morning. One
asset in human life. He who cannot make proper use of time is who does not read newspaper is like a frog in a well. Reading
sure to suffer in the long run. There is no certainty that newspaper is essential to keep pace with the world.
tomorrow will come in our life. So present should be the motto
A newspaper is a paper that gives us news of our country and of
of working. So, the value of time is immeasurable.
different parts of the world. Carlyle called it the 'Fourth Estate'.
Every work has its proper time and we must perform it at its Indeed a newspaper has become an essential item to modern life.
right time. Any delay may lead us to failure. The students must
Different types of people get different types of benefit from
follow this rule strictly. No student can reach his or her goal
newspaper. Businessmen read them to know the condition of
wasting time with trivial work.
markets. Sportsmen find pleasure in reading sports news.
There lies the secret of life in the proper utilization of time. Students can get benefit from the page of study materials. Film
Time once gone is gone forever. Lost wealth may be regained by fans go through cinema pages to get entertainment. From
hard labour, lost knowledge by study, lost health by taking advertisement columns, job seekers and traders get useful hints
proper food and medicine, but lost time can never be brought and information. Statesmen and political persons read
back by any means. If we look at the history of human newspapers to know political currents of the world. Besides,
civilization, we will find them to be successful who made proper newspapers have corners for children and women. For all these
use of time in their lives. reasons, newspapers have become universal reading matters
Waste of time may breed the cause of crime. An idle brain is the today.
devil's workshop. An idle person commits different types of Moreover, newspapers play an important part in our social and
crimes. Besides committing crimes, he easily brings about his national life. They teach general people and help to form public
ruin in life. opinion. They publish grievances of people. A democratic
If we look at nature, we can see that ants, bees, birds, insects etc government feels the pulse of the people through honest
work timely. They do not waste a single moment. We can learn criticisms of newspapers.
from nature how to make the best use of time. In spite of having numerous advantages, newspaper also has
Value of time indicates that a person should not waste time, some disadvantages. Sometimes a newspaper publishes
rather he should spend every minute in useful works. This will misreports or false reports. They lead to dangerous
make his life worth living and glorious. consequences. Some newspapers also spread propaganda with a
The Season I Like Most / Spring in Bangladesh view to serving their purposes. Sometimes they excite people in
a wrong cause and thus mislead them.
There are six seasons in Bangladesh and among all the seasons, I
like spring the most as it is the loveliest of all the seasons. It is On the whole, newspaper reading is a very good habit. In order
called the king of seasons. The months of Falgun and Chaitra to keep ourselves up-to-date with news and views, we should
form the season of spring. It comes between winter and summer. read newspapers.
In this season, the weather is neither so cold nor so hot. The My First Day at College/ A Memorable Day in My Life/
weather remains very comfortable. The Day I Will Not Forget Anyhow
During the winter, nature becomes dull and dry and the leaves of In our short life, there are some events, some days which cannot
trees fall extensively. But with the advent of spring nature takes be forgotten. My first day at college is such a day. It is, in fact,
a new look and life. The trees and plants become adorned with an unforgettable day in my life. The memory of my first day at
new leaves, new buds and flowers. college will remain vivid throughout my whole life.
The spring is the season of flowers. Various kinds of flowers I was a student of Dhaka College which is one of the best
bloom in this season. The scent of flowers spreads all around. colleges in our country.
The kamini, the hasnahena, and the bakul make the atmosphere
fragrant with their sweet scent. They make the season pleasing, The thrill of pleasure which I felt on entering through the gate of
charming and bewitching. People can enjoy the beauty and my college on the first day beggared description. I went to the
sweet scent of the flowering. notice board and took the class routine. Then I went to the
classroom and took a seat on the last bench. The class was full of
This season is the season of songs in our country. The cuckoo students. All the faces were unknown. I eagerly waited for the
sings its melodious songs. It hides itself in the leaves of the trees first class to start.
and coos. All other singing birds pour out their sweet, thrilling,
welcoming notes in the fullness of their heart. The singing of The bell rang. In silent excitement we waited for the first

 n h e i j English  50
professor to address us. It was our English class. After about a and the Karnafuli rivers, our mind becomes fresh. The water lily
minute, a good looking young man came with a register and a blooms in the canals, beels and haors during the rainy season.
textbook. He called our rolls and marked us present. Then he The scenery is very charming to the common people of our
started his lecture. He spoke in English. He explained the country.
importance of English language and very nicely made us The local area of the east is decorated with tea gardens. There
understand the fact. I also attended two other classes on that day. are a lot of tea gardens in Sylhet division. A large number of
I found that in a college a single teacher teaches a single subject green parrots come to these tea gardens and that makes the
on which he or she is specialized. scenery more beautiful. Specially the guest birds make the
Then I went to the common room and found that many boys scenery more beautiful. During the summer season thousands of
were reading newspapers and magazines. There were also carom juicy fruits like mango, jack-fruit, pine-apple etc are found in
boards, chess-boards and ping pong tables for healthy recreation. our country. These fruits are very much tasty.
On that day I also entered the college library and saw many The autumn comes with a fine and clear sky and the sheuli
books. flowers. All the time the white clouds remain in the sky in this
My first day's experience made me feel that I was no longer a season.
school boy. Still I remember my first day at college. It was really The winter comes with the dewdrops and trees without leaves,
a day of observing and experiencing new things. various kinds of pithas (home-made cakes) and date juice etc.
Satellite Channels When the dew falls on the grass and the morning sun light shines
Satellite TV or Dish TV is one of the most well-known means of on it; it looks like diamond.
entertainment at present. Millions of TV viewers throughout the The spring comes with the cuckoo‘s singing. Many flowers
world watch satellite television. The viewers of satellite TV bloom in this season. I think all people like the spring season.
ranges from kids to old people. I fact people of all ages and all In every season, Bangladesh is decorated with different natural
classes can enjoy their favourite programs from numerous beauties. I love my country very much. I am proud to be a
channels. It has become a great source of recreation. citizen of such a country of natural beauty.
Satellite channels broadcast some useful programmes. They Fruits of Bangladesh /
include BBC, CNN and Aljazeera news, National Geographic
and Discovery programmes etc. The programmes of these The Common Fruits of Bangladesh
channels help us in various ways. Through these channels, Bangladesh is a country of moderate climate and fertile soil. A
people can know the news of the whole world as well as learn vast number of popular and delicious fruits grow in our fertile
many things. soil. The chief fruits of our country are the mango, the banana,
Satellite channels telecast not only educative but also the jackfruit, the coconut, the pineapple, the guava, the lichi, the
entertaining programmes. Besides cultural programmes, we can blackberry, the woodapple, the papaya, the shaddock, etc. These
enjoy various types of recreational programs like cinemas, fruits are not only tasty but also delicious. They are rich in food
telefilms, movies, plays through them. With the help of satellite value as well.
we can watch many international summits, conferences, events As the name of our fruits is countless, they differ from one
and sports. We get all these facilities due to satellite channels. another in sizes, shapes, colours and tastes. Some are big and
But most satellite channels telecast some programmes which are some are small. Some taste sweet and some taste sour. Some are
not suitable for us as well as our kids and teenagers. These juicy too.
programmes may have a long term negative effect on their The mango is the king of fruits. It is the fruit of summer. It
tender minds. At present, it has become a matter of great grows all over the country, particularly in Rajshahi and Dinajpur
concern to most of our guardians. Sometimes young boys learn areas. Munshiganj is famous for bananas. The best varieties of
how to commit crimes watching violent programmes on satellite bananas are sabri, amritasagar, agniswar and champa. The
channels. jackfruit is a national fruit. It is found all over Bangladesh
Satellite Television has other effects too. It has now come as a mainly in the months of Jaistha and Ashar. But it grows in
cultural aggression (nvgjv) for many countries and societies. plenty in the hilly areas of Chittagong and Sylhet and in the
With the advent of satellite television in Bangladesh, it is highland of Dhaka, Narsingdi, Mymensingh, Comilla and
threatening the age-old values, enriched culture and tradition of Jessore.
our country. The coconut grows in plenty in coastal areas. The pineapple
Youths, particularly teenagers are exposed to various grows well in Sylhet, Comilla, Dhaka, Chittagong and
international satellite channels and it is a serious threat to our Chittagong Hill Tracts.
culture and tradition. So the government should permit only The orange has vitamin C. It is a winter fruit. It grows only in
those channels which are not threat to our culture and moral the district of Sylhet. Besides, lemon is another fruit which is
values. rich in vitamin C. It tastes sour.
Natural Beauties of Bangladesh Blackberry, guava, watermelon, lichi, wood apple, star apple,
date etc. are also the common fruits of Bangladesh. They are
Bangladesh is a colourful country. She is called the darling child
available all over the country.
of nature. As she is a country of moderate climate, she is blessed
with many natural beauties. The natural beauty of the country is Fruits are very much essential to prevent diseases and keep our
really beyond description. body fit. Besides, some fruits are used to prepare jam, jelly,
chatni, etc. On the other hand, many families earn their
The vast Bay of Bengal is situated to the south of Bangladesh.
livelihood by growing fruits and selling them.
Green trees, birds chirping, yellow corn crops etc make our mind
fulfill. Everyday we wake up hearing birds‘ chirping. Modern Technology and Globalization / Globalization
The natural scenery of the village draws a general picture of Nowadays 'Globalization' has become a buzzword. That means,
thrilling. When we go to the Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna it is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the

 n h e i j English  51
world by creating a borderless market. With the progress of to date with news and views, we should read newspapers.
sophisticated communications-media, rapid technological Tree Plantation / Afforestation
development and rapid transportation facilities, the world has
become closer. Tree plantation means planting seedlings and saplings to get
profit and to maintain ecological balance. Planting trees is a
At present if anything happens anywhere in the world, people noble work as plants and trees supply oxygen, the most vital
throughout the world can know instantly. Now the intermingling thing for which we survive, give fruits, flowers, timbers and
of culture, international trade system has played important roles what not.
to turn the world into a village.
Trees are useful to us in many ways. Carbon dioxide makes our
Present age is an age of economic diplomacy. For the sake of atmosphere or environment poisonous for us. Trees consume
trade, the countries of the world have come under the same this carbon dioxide and thereby makes our environment safe for
platform. People are sharing their feelings with the help of cell us. Some trees give us fruits and flowers; some trees supply
phone, telephone, optical fiber, submarine cable, radio, timber for furniture. Trees make the land fertile. They save land
television, VOIP etc. Because of globalization, cultures are from erosion. In summer, they bear the scorching rays of the sun
penetrating into one another. Many economic dogmas like and give us cool shade under them. Trees in our forests check
capitalism, socialism and Islamism are being mixed. So many the quick flow of rain-water and thereby check the occurence of
economic, martial and political forums have emerged like high flood in our river. They maintain ecological balance.
SAARC, ASEAN, OPEC, EU, OIC etc.
Despite the immense benevolent service, the green trees are
Globalization is a blessing mostly for the advanced countries as disappearing fast. People often cut down trees for fuel, furniture
undeveloped countries can no more compete with them and other purposes. In addition, many greedy and corrupted
successfully. The USA, the UK, Japan, Sweden, China etc are officials and active gangs are engaged in cutting trees. This is
now controlling the free market of the world. creating a dangerous situation for our country.
Language has also an important role to play in the acceleration Our country lacks large forests. We have some forests like the
of globalization. The countries lacking command of English are Sundarbans, Modhupur forests and forests of Chittagong Hill
lagging behind. We have to gather strength to keep pace with the Tracts. But these are not enough. Nowadays Bangladesh has
progressive forces of the world. been facing drought, excessive rainfall and floods because of
We must be alert about the dark sides of globalization as tremendous shortage of her forests.
terrorists and mafia gangs are not lagging behind to spread the We should, therefore, make it a point to plant more trees than we
poisonous activities across the globe. Alongside we should look cut down. Every family of the villages should be encouraged and
at the advanced countries so that we can get strategy from them inspired to plant trees on the banks of the ponds and near the
to bring a revolution in our information technology. houses.
Newspaper Reading / Newspaper - Its Uses And Abuses In fine, tree plantation is necessary for the maintenance of
Nowadays, when all are more or less educated, almost ecological balance. If we are careless about the importance of
everybody reads some daily paper. A man who never reads a trees, our existence will be doomed. This is why an elaborate
newspaper cannot keep in touch with the times. A newspaper is plan for plantation of trees is a must for us.
a paper that gives us news of events as they happen every Computer and Digital Bangladesh/ Digital Bangladesh
moment in different parts of the world. Indeed, a newspaper has
become almost an indispensable part of modern life. Our life today is governed by the offshoots of science. Computer
invention is the most determining factor in this respect. It has
A modern newspaper is a chronicle and an encyclopedia in brought about a revolutionary change in the face of the global
miniature. Merchants read them to know the condition of the world. This change has been possible through the information
market. Sportsmen find pleasures in reading the sports news. technology (IT) based on computer-internet system. This
The film fans go through the cinema page to get the thrill. From information technology or computer & internet based
the advertisement columns, the employment seekers and traders Bangladesh is called a digital Bangladesh.
get useful hints and information. Statesmen read the papers to
know the political currents of the world. It is for all these To cherish such a dream of digital Bangladesh is easy but it is
reasons that the newspaper has become a universal reading too much difficult to materialize this dream. Land phone,
matter today. mobile, computer, laptop, e-magazine, e-book readers and many
more tools of information technology will be available in every
Newspapers educate public mind and help to form public nook and corner of the country. People will no more have to
opinion. They voice the sufferings of the people and seek for stand in queue to collect tickets, result etc or to deposit and
redress. Indeed, the press is so powerful that it can make or withdraw money or to buy and sell things.
unmake governments. That is why, whenever government
becomes tyrannical, it tries to control the press and destroy its Education is the backbone of a nation. So we must put our first
freedom. priority on education sector with a view to establishing a digital
Bangladesh. We can make video of teachers' lectures of
A good newspaper gives us much more dependable news. We speeches and display them on the white screens before the
read it on political, social and other matters. We must be careful learners. A learner can receive education sitting in his house.
when we read it.
Modern science has given birth to a new world in the field of
Sometimes a newspaper rouses popular passions against a medical treatment. If the internet connection can be spread
country or a people or a community by giving exaggerated widely, a patient can receive prescription of medicine without
versions of minor incidents. Sometimes they excite people in a appearing before a physician by paying offers through online
wrong cause and thus mislead them instead of giving them banking system.
correct news and views.
We can make the administration dynamic, work-oriented and
The great majority of newspaper readers are uncritical. Only a free from corruption by setting up CCTV camera through
few think for themselves, and form their own opinions. On the computer-internet system.
whole, newspaper reading is a very good habit. In order to be up
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Computer network has made banking sector more dynamic than There is really a great satisfaction in the service of the sick and
ever before. Now we no more need carry cash money with us to the suffering people. By serving such men I shall be able to
the remotest regions of the country. serve my motherland.
It is said, ―Hope springs eternal in the human breast‖. We also Winter in Bangladesh / The Season You Like Best
hope that we shall be able to turn our war-shattered country into Bangladesh is a country which is blessed with six colourful
a digital Bangladesh by bringing about an all round development seasons with colourful scenic beauty. Winter is one of them. In
through computer internet system. comparison to western countries, winter days are not wintry in
A Visit to a Place of Historical Importance/ Interest Bangladesh. In Bangla year, Poush-Magh (December-January-
There are many places of historical interest in our country. I like February) are the two months of winter.
to visit the places whenever I get time. During the last winter Winter follows the late autumn. Winter looks gloomy. Trees
vacation, I had an occasion to visit the majar of Pir Khan Jahan become bare of leaves. Days are very short and the nights are
Ali and the Shat Gambuj Mosque at Bagerhat. Four of my very long. People shiver in cold. They wrap themselves with
friends and I went there by launch on the 2nd January. quilt and blanket when they go to bed at night. Poor people in
The majar of Khan Jahan Ali stands on a high land at Bagerhat. the villages make fire with leaves and straw in the morning to
The tomb was built with cut out stones. On the tomb there are warm themselves.
inscriptions (AwfwjLb) in Arabic. A big fair is held beside the All through the season, the weather is very foggy and cold. Most
majar every year on the night of the full moon in the month of of the days, we cannot find the sunlight in early morning. For the
Chaitra. The visitors coming here enjoy the time very much. I as well-off people this season is very pleasant, eagerly awaited and
well as my friends also enjoyed a lot. planned for. But for poor people, it brings curse through
There is a big lake like tank in front of the mazar. It is one of the suffering. Death because of bitter cold is the news of everyday.
biggest tanks excavated by him. There are some crocodiles in it. People in villages are in predicament for lack of warm colthes.
When the crocodiles come, people throw cocks, hens or goats at Sometimes government distributes warm clothes among the
them and they swallow the offerings. slum dwellers.
We stayed there for some time and watched the scene worth The nature takes an outstanding look in winter. In the morning,
visiting. Then we left for the Shat Gambuj Mosque. This is when the sun starts to peep, the grasses with dew drops look like
about three kilometers away from the majar. The Shat Gambuj glittering gold. Children and other people are seen to bask in the
Mosque is a large building. Actually it has seventy seven sun. The gift of winter is also felt through food items. The foggy
gambuj or domes and not 'shat' or sixty gambuj, as the name morning is flavoured by the steaming hot pitha. New fresh
indicates. The mosque has been declared as 'World Heritage vegetables and supply of fishes, date palm juice, molasses from
Site' by UNESCO. sugarcane are found available in the market. 'Pitha Utsab' is
usually celebrated by the people of capital in Dhaka. Some
We spent about seven hours visiting these two places of
location is full of migratory birds coming from countries of
historical importance. We felt like visiting these places in the
extreme cold.
days of Pir Khan Jahan Ali. The past history flashed before our
mind's eyes and made us very emotional. We came to Bagerhat For the poverty stricken people the balmy and comfortably cool
in the afternoon. We enjoyed the full time of our visit. The visit days of winter bring no cheer. As a whole, Bangladeshi winter
was really a memorable experience in my life. has both exciting and depressing phenomena. We should
welcome the season cordially.
Your Aim in Life / Future Plan of Life
The Utilities and Evils of Facebook
Everyone should have an aim. There is a proverb that a man
without an aim is like a ship without a rudder. A rudderless ship Facebook is a very popular social networking site with over
drifts on at the mercy of the wind and waves. Similarly, an eight hundred million users. It has become so much a part of
aimless man is drifted along the current of life and he reaches no people's lives that we can learn the life story just by checking
definite destination. An aim is, therefore, something like a their page. There are positive and negative effects that Facebook
compass for the adventure of life. A compass shows the right has on people and they can be quite significant.
direction to a person who goes on an adventurous journey. Facebook is a great way to keep in touch with your family and
Similarly, the aim in one's life leads one to the right path. friends who live far away. With the status updates, messaging,
There are lots of aims for men and women in our society. Some video chat, photos, and profile information, it can keep us up to
men, for example, hanker after wealth, some seek power and date with the happenings of all of our close ones.
position, some desire name and fame and some travel in the Facebook makes meeting new people extremely easy due to the
realm of knowledge. fact that it allows you to add up to thousands of friends and act
I want to be a doctor in life because I think I have special fitness as a social melting pot of the internet.
for it. I think this is one of the most suitable professions to serve Facebook makes expressing oneself very simple with status
the nation. updates. It is a lot harder to feel embarrassment over the internet
Another reason behind my choice is that the profession of a than in person. So, people find it easier to 'vent' their feelings on
doctor is no doubt noble. It is surely a humanitarian career. In Facebook.
our country, more than eighty percent of the people live in the On the contrary, on Facebook it is very easy for cyber bullies to
villages. They live in wretched poverty, hunger and diseases. thrive. They can harass and/or gang up on one person. There
This is an unfortunate situation which should not be allowed to aren't moderators that go around monitoring what people say to
continue. So I feel urge in my mind that it is my sacred duty to each other. Anything can be said.
do something for the welfare of the poverty-stricken people of Furthermore, it is clear that school grades will suffer when
my own village. When I shall complete medical education and spending too much time on Facebook as valuable study time is
have my degree, I shall go back to my native village and start lost. Besides, some studies suggest that so-called teenage
practising among my own people and try to help them in their ―hyper-social networkers‖ are more likely to engage in risky
illness.
 n h e i j English  53
behaviors, such as smoking, drinking, drug use, fighting and satisfactory.
promiscuity. But the government of Bangladesh is keen to empower our
Active, but overt, monitoring and open communication about women. To improve the literacy and education level among girls
appropriate usage is the key to all the problems. This active role and women, fees and charges have been waived up to higher
could prevent serious consequences such as depression, anxiety secondary level. In almost all government jobs in Bangladesh
or even suicide. It is also important for parents to stay abreast there are quotas for women. Various NGOs are providing micro-
with online trends and the latest technologies, websites and credit loan to poor women. It has a tremendous positive impact
applications. on women empowerment in our rural and urban areas. There are
Effects of Computers and the Internet on Society strict laws in places to protect women‘s right. We have reserved
seats for women in our Parliament and they can also compete in
Before we know it, technology is going to pass us by. With the other seats as well. We have found women as our Prime
invention of the computer and the internet, the possibilities are Ministers for three consecutive terms. Even then we have to go a
endless. long way towards establishing equal rights for men and women
Society is changing by leaps and bounds, with no chance of a that is women‘s empowerment in Bangladesh.
stopping point in the near future. The Internet affects us in every
Employment of Women /
way, most importantly with our social lives, our jobs and our
entertainment. Women's Role From Past to Present
Our social lives are not just communicating with telephones and About fifty percent of our people are women. In the past, the
mail anymore. Going ―on-line‖ is the new way we like to employment scope for our women was very limited, but day by
communicate with people. day it is increasing.
Email is also another popular way to correspond with others. Earlier, women could not go out of the four walls of their homes
Users can electronically send mail to another person with an on- and get themselves employed in the society. Their position in the
line mailbox, simply by typing in their message and sending it family and in the society was much ignoble. Their jobs were
by the click of a button. only to work as mothers, wives and house keepers. They would
Computers can calculate and figure out things much quicker give birth to and bring up their children.
than the average person. This process can not only save time, but But at present they are playing important roles in all spheres of
money too. Stock trading is now on the Internet, along with our country. They are no longer confined within their parents‘ or
banking and any other type of business you could imagine. husbands‘ houses.
In the future, hundreds or millions of jobs will be taken away Women are also contributing a lot to their families with their
from honest hard-working employees and will be given to income. They do both their household works and work outside
computers. No matter what choices we make or what plans we of their houses. They are contributing a lot to our economy and
change, these outcomes are going to become real. the nation. After receiving higher education and trainings, they
Computers and the internet are definitely affecting the way we are employed as teachers, doctors, nurses, social workers,
entertain ourselves. The most basic example is card games, administrators, pilots, engineers, and so on. Many of our women
chess, watching movies etc. People can do all of these activities are employed in our family planning and health sector. They
in the comfort of their own houses. No cash money is wasted or work in rural and urban areas. Not only that a good number of
time spent driving around to find entertainment and so people women works in non-traditional jobs like mills, factories,
are happy. construction works, pharmaceutics and also involves in small
scale trade and business.
The inevitable outcome of this magnificent invention is going to
change the world. With the choice of having a computer and The lion‘s share of the foreign currency in Bangladesh comes
being on-line, there is almost nothing you cannot do. This from ready-made garments industries. But these industries are
remarkable idea of the internet is going to revolutionize the way mainly dependent on women. 90 percent of the garment workers
we live in the future. are women.
However, there are still some barriers to their employment as
Women’s Empowerment in Bangladesh well as self-employment sectors. There are negligence towards
Empowerment is needed where there is unequal distribution of them, low pay for many of them and, insecurity etc.
power among people in any society or country. It results in
As time goes by, the scopes for women employment and their
people‘s experiences of power or powerlessness. Women in
contribution are increasing. Our government and other
Bangladesh have been in many ways inferior to and dependent
concerned bodies should see to all of their employment related
on men from early childhood. Although our constitution has
problems and solve them.
given equal rights to our women, they still suffer from
discrimination and violence. These discrimination and violence Computer as a Wonderful Gift of Science /
occur at homes, at workplaces and everywhere. Uses and Abuses of Computer
The women in our rural Bangladesh are hard working. They Computer is the greatest of the discoveries of modern science.
perform heavy household works throughout the day. But We cannot now think of a moment without computer. It cannot
women‘s contribution to the family income is not well- work itself but can work on the basis of the commands given by
evaluated. Illiteracy is the prime barrier against women the operator.
empowerment.
Charles Babes is called the father of modern Computer. He
There are many barriers against women empowerment. Our invented the structure of Computer at first in 1833. By following
society consists of male-based family. Many male members of the structure of Babes, Harvard University and I.B.M company
the family do not like their women's employment outside the calmingly invented the modern Computer in 1944.
home. Again women are compelled to work at low wages in
A Computer has/consists of five major components. They are the
agriculture as well as job sector. Though there are lot of plans to
input unit, the output unit, the memory unit, the control unit and
empowerment women, the result of materialisation is not
the arithmetic unit.
 n h e i j English  54
A Computer performs three functions : (1) It receives data, (2) It Starting from personal life to the national or international life
processes data and (3) It emits data. discipline is important. An indiscipline life is full of problem
Computer contributes a lot in the field of education. The and chaos. Student life is the best period to build the habit of
students of developed countries prepare their study materials and discipline. Students must attend school in right time and obey
many things by using a computer. Printing thousands of books in the rules of school. They have to abide by the orders of the
a very short time has become possible for it. teachers. The teachers cannot teach the students and the students
cannot learn their lessons if there is no discipline.
Computer is now being used to diagnose disease. It has invented
a new process of operation as an alternative of surgery. It is also Discipline is very necessary in the playground. A player has to
used to grind stones in normal pathological treatment. Computer show respect to the decision of the referee or the umpire.
is the most common media of worldwide communication. By Discipline is strictly followed in the army or in the battle field. It
using different functions, it is possible to communicate all over is the key to success of the army. Discipline must be maintained
the world in a short time. and practised in the family. This should be cultivated in the early
childhood of boys and girls.
At present, business, commerce and trade cannot be thought of
without computer. It is widely used to prepare document, budget Discipline is the most important condition of success in life. It
and to store information. In banking section, it is almost gives some order and system in the activities of life and
essential. It is also used to run mills, factories and industries in ultimately takes us to the peak of success. Without discipline
the developed countries. nobody can shine and no nation can prosper.
In spite of having so many advantages of computer, it has also Physical Exercise
some disadvantages. It weakens the eye-sight of the operator. Physical exercise is very essential for keeping good health.
Computer has made a rapid change in different fields of There is a proverb - 'Health is wealth.‘ There is no alternative to
Bangladesh. For a Digital Bangladesh, every literate person physical exercise to achieve this wealth. Physical exercise means
should have a basic knowledge on it. systematic and regulated movement of the limbs of our body.
We should be careful about physical exercise from our very
My Favourite Game (Football) / childhood.
The Game You Like most There are different kinds of physical exercise. The most
Football is my favourite game. I like it most, because it is full of common items of physical exercise are walking, swimming,
thrill and excitement. Football is an international game. It was cycling, rowing, riding, wrestling and so on. All forms of
first played in England. It is now played all over the world. In physical exercise are not suitable for people of all ages. Besides,
our country, both students and non-students take great interest in different kinds of games like football, cricket, hockey etc. also
this game. belong to physical exercise. We should take any of these
Football is an outdoor game. It is played all over the world. exercises if we want to make the body and the mind strong and
healthy.
Football is played in a large field. The field is 110 to 120 yards
long and 70 to 80 yards wide. There are two goalposts at each of We should take our exercise at right time. After meal no exercise
the opposite ends of the field. These are eight yards apart and should be taken. It must not be taken in an empty stomach either.
have a bar on them eight feet above the ground. So, we should be aware of all these matters. Morning is the best
time for physical exercise. Some exercise can be taken in the
Football is played between two teams of eleven players on each
evening too.
side. There are one goalkeeper, four backs, two links and four
forwards on each side. A ball is placed at the centre of the field. Physical exercise keeps the limbs of our body in a perfect
When the referee blows the whistle to start the game, the ball is condition. It makes our muscles strong and body active. It also
kicked off. When the ball is kicked off, the players try to send it helps the proper circulation of blood and improves digestion of
into the net through the goalposts of their opposite party. Only food. It builds our personality. It provides us with energy and
the goalkeeper can touch the ball with his hands. Other players keeps us tension free. It helps a student to a great extent. It helps
can only kick the ball but they cannot touch it with their hands. him to concentrate his mind to his studies. It is very helpful for
sound sleep. There is a maxim, "A sound mind lives in a sound
This game is highly exciting. Both the teams try their best to
body." So, it is imperative to take physical exercise so as to keep
send the ball through the opposite goalposts. The team which
our body fit.
can score more goals is said to win the game.
A strong and manly body is the outcome of years of exercise.
Football is a good form of exercise. It makes our body strong
Student life is the time when care should be taken in this respect.
and hardy. It also teaches us discipline, brotherhood and team
We should take physical exercise regularly. If we do so, our
spirit. Besides, we get fresh entertainment by playing it. So it is
bodily organs can function properly. Then we can remain free
my favourite game.
from diseases. Thus, we can preserve good health. It gives us a
Discipline feeling of joy and cheerfulness.
Discipline means obeying certain rules and principles in any Floods in Bangladesh
event or phase of life.
Though Bangladesh is a darling child of Nature, she falls a
Discipline is the root of success in life. It helps men to live in victim to floods every year. The fact is that she is a riverine
peace and happiness. It forms the basis of all the virtues. country and is situated in the monsoon area. Moreover, she has
Without discipline no one can make progress in life. lower land. That‘s why flood visits here now and then and
Man is a social being. He cannot live alone. He has to live in increases our sufferings terribly. But it does a little good to us.
society and the state. One cannot do whatever one likes. He/she We know the causes of floods. Heavy rainfall is the main cause
has to abide by some rules and regulations. Maintaining these of flood in our country. There is much rain in Bangladesh in the
rules and regulation lead him/her to the goals of life. rainy season. This rain water fills the rivers and canals of our
Nature shows us a great discipline. The sun, the moon, the earth, country. So the rivers and canals cannot hold much water. It
the stars, the milky-ways and all other planets are moving in causes flood. Not only that, catastrophic flood may be caused by
their own orbit in a disciplined way. They do not come in cyclones and tidal bores in the seas. Sometimes heavy down fall
collision with one another. We can learn the importance of of water due to the melting of snow on mountains is also
discipline from these. responsible for floods.

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Many dangerous diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery, gases are mainly created by various human activities such as
skin diseases etc. break out. As a result, many people die fossil fuel burning, deforestation etc. One natural cause is
unnaturally. release of methane gas from wet lands.
Everything has both good and bad sides. Similarly, flood has Another major man-made cause of global warming is over
some good effects on us. During floods rivers carry a lot of silts population. More people mean more food, and more transports.
that make our land fertile. As a result, we find good crops after It also means more CO2, methane etc. because there will be
floods. Moreover, it also wash away garbage, dust and make our more burning of fossil fuels and more agriculture.
environment clean. The effects of global warming include Arctic shrinkage, Arctic
There are severe bad effects of floods. Floods wash away our methane release, releases of global carbon, methane release, sea
crops (km¨), cattle etc. People become homeless. Many cattle level rise and so on. It is causing more rainfall and floods in
die, communication system is destroyed. People use boat to go many areas, droughts, extreme climate incidents, and changes in
here and there. climate patterns.
The effects of floods beggar description. People cannot feed Some regions and sectors are in great risks for this. Low-lying
their animals. Sometimes epidemic and famine break out. and less-developed countries and areas are at the greatest risk of
People suffer for the want of pure drinking water. The price of global warming. Adaptation potential for biological and
necessary goods increases. geophysical systems is estimated to be lower than of human
Flood is a threat to us. We should take proper steps to stop this. health.
We need to build dams and barrages to prevent flood. In conclusion, if we make small changes now in the way we live,
Seasons in Bangladesh we can avoid huge changes in the future. Scientists,
governments and individuals must work together to overcome
In Bangladesh, there are six seasons such as summer, the rainy this threat.
season, early autumn, late autumn, winter and spring. These
seasons come one after another in a regular cycle. Each season The Advancement of Science in Modern Age
has its own beauty and features. They decorate Bangladesh with Modern age is the contribution of science, needless to say. We
special characteristics. cannot imagine our modern age without science.
Summer is the first season of the year. It consists of the months Information technology has added a new speed in our
of Baishakh and Jaistha. During this period the days are longer communication. Internet, e-mail, telex, fax etc. have made our
than the nights. It is the warmest season of the year. Fruits of communication easier.
different kinds and sizes such as mango, lichi and jackfruit ripen Computer is the latest invention of science. All kinds of official
during this season. activities cannot be imagined without it.
After summer comes rain to drench everything on earth. It Mobile phone is another very important invention of modern
comprises the months of Ashar and Sravan. Due to heavy and science. Besides communicating with others, it can be used in
continual rains rivers, ponds, canals, beels, fields, etc. are full to watching movies, enjoying audio songs, making calculation,
the brim. We get plenty of fishes in this season. Crops, plants knowing time and date, seeing ways in the dark etc. By fax one
and trees grow rapidly. can send any writing, picture, or document over great distance
The rainy season is followed by the early autumn. It consists of very easily.
Bhadra and Aswin. In this time the sky gets clear and the moon- Satellite channel has added a new dimension to our
light comes with all its sweetness. entertainment. It has introduced us with different countries, the
Then comes the late autumn with dews. It consists of Kartik and culture of different nations, international affairs and sports.
Agrahayan. It is the harvesting season. It is neither hot nor cold. The advancement of science in medical sector is really
Then comes the winter with its fog, mist and cold. It consists of admirable. Due to the blessing of science the rate of death has
Poush and Magh. The sky remains cloudless and looks blue. In decreased and man can lead a sound life.
this time we get different kinds of fresh vegetables and it is the The invention of bus, truck and all other vehicles has developed
season of different kinds of cake, date juice. communication sectors and also spread our trade and commerce.
Last of all comes the spring. It consists of Falgoon and Chaitra. We can notice the advancement of science in food processing,
During this season countless varieties of flowers bloom and house-building, constructing roads, bridges etc. We can solve a
make the whole atmosphere delightful with their sweet complicated sum with the help of a calculator. Sewing clothes,
fragrance. Each season has its own features and characteristics - printing of million of pages is now a matter of short time.
its special crops, vegetables, fruits and flowers. All these seasons
have given our motherland an uncommon scenic beauty and Like everything it has also some demerits. The invention of
novelty. deadly weapons and their use in battle and war causes
innumerable destruction of life and property. The misuse of
Global Warming internet and mobile/phone causes many unlawful and immoral
One of the biggest problems facing the world is that our activities.
production of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases is In spite of having some demerits, we cannot contradict the
having a heating on the atmosphere, and this could be very helpful contribution of science in this modern age. Its immoral
dangerous for human life. and evil side should be restricted and it should be used only for
Global warming means the increase in the average temperature the moral and useful purpose of human being.
of the earth‘s near-surface air and atmosphere. It has been a very
important issue all over the world. Many problems could result
from global warning. One of the biggest problems is rising of
sea level. This could result in the flooding of low lying coastal
areas and cities such as Egypt, the Netherlands and Bangladesh.
Some countries might even disappear completely.
Global surface temperature has increased 0.18 °C during the last
century. Temperature increase since the mid 20th century was
caused for increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases. These
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