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Q No: 1 Cut out all the 10 shapes of metal insets on tough chart
paper and make creative designs of all levels as described in the
book? Paste the inset papers carrying your designs on your
assignment.
Answer:-
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Q No: 2 Explain how word building is introduced to children

using Movable Alphabet and Alphabet boxes at Pink, Blue and
Green levels.
Answer:-
LARGE MOVABLE ALPHBETS (LMA):
Exercise: 1
Material:
 A large box with 28 compartments, one for each letter of the
alphabet and two extra which can be used for the dots of the 'i's"
and "j's."
 Stiff cutout of letters made of plastic.
 Vowels are blue and consonants are red.
 Script letters are to familiarize the child to print.
Presentation:
The teacher spreads a mat on the floor. She invites 3 to 4 children. She
opens the box of large movable alphabets. She put the lid under the
box. She allow the children to observe the alphabets for a minute. In
order to familiarize them with the material, she pronounces alphabets
by sound. "Can someone find ‘a’?" "Put 'e' on the mat." "Find 'g.'" Each
time the teacher calls a letter, all the children start looking for it until
someone finds it and place it on the mat. She repeats this exercise for
all the alphabets make sure all the children participate.
Exercise: 2 Word building with Large Movable Alphabet
Material:
 Green felt mat.
 Box of large movable alphabets.
 Basket with objects whose names are three lettered.
 A notebook for tracing the words.
 A pencil and a clipboard.
Presentation:
The teacher Spread the mat and place all the material with help of
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children on it. She takes an object from the basket for example a car. If
the child identify the name of the object, she places it on the mat. She
then asks the child about the first sound produced by taking its name like
“c” in car. She stresses on the first sound until the child identifies it. She
then ask the child to get the alphabet from the LMA box. She repeat the
same exercise with all the alphabets in the word and places them in
front of that object. She then do this for all the objects in the basket so
the child learn to make words by hearing the sounds. She allow the child
to practice on his own. She then instruct the child to trace each word in
the notebook.
PINK LEVEL WORD WORK:
At this level, word activities involve three-lettered CVC (consonant-
vowel- consonant) and two lettered phonetic words. All the alphabets
used in this level should give their basic sound.
Exercise: 1
Material:
LMA box, pink color-coded boxes, objects having three lettered names, a
mat, small writing booklet and pencil.
Presentation:
The teacher places the LMA box and objects on the mat. She takes out
the objects one by one pronounces their names, takes out the required
alphabets and construct the words. She involves the child by asking the
sounds of letters and allow them to spell the words. After all the words
are, built the child is, asked to trace them in his notebook.
Exercise: 2
Material:
Material is same as for exercise 1. Only pictures are, used instead of
objects.
Presentation:
This exercise is same as exercise 1 except the teacher uses pictures
instead of objects.
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Pink level blending (beginning phonetic reading):

Exercise: 1
Material:
Pink color-coded box, containing objects having three lettered names.
Words including middle level graphemes can be included such as ball,
moon etc. name cards of all the objects printed on light pink paper card
or laminated cardboard, a small tray, a booklet and a pencil.
Presentation:
The teacher takes out all the objects one by one, asking their names or
telling them herself and placing them on the table. She then takes out
them name cards one by one, placing them in front of the child,
pronouncing individual letters one by one, pronouncing the whole word
and asking the child if he could match the name card with the object.
She also help the children at first and then allow them to do it
independently.
Exercise: 2
Material:
Same as above exercise except pictures are, used instead of objects.
Presentation:
All the exercise is same as above only pictures are, used instead of objects.
Exercise: 3
Material:
Pink cards A4 size with six pictures in two rows and a reading card in
an envelope, which is, attached at the back of each pink card.
Presentation:
This exercise is, done with one child at a time. The teacher stack the
word cards neatly. She spreads the pictures card in front of the child and
tell their names. Then she takes out the word cards one by one and
allow the child to make sounds of individual alphabets. She also make
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the child sound the whole word. She asks the child to place the word
card under its respective picture. She allow the child to repeat the
exercise if he wishes to.
Exercise: 4
Material:
Pink color-coded secret box containing pieces of papers folded twice, the
papers contain three-lettered words previously used in the reading boxes.
Presentation:
The exercise is, done with every child individually. The teacher places
the secret box in front of the child and tells her that, it is a secret box
with some words, read it silently. The teacher takes out one paper unfold
it and read it silently then ask the child to do the same. She invites the
child to unfold all the papers and read the words silently. After the child
read all the words the teacher, verify them by asking the child to whisper
those words in her ear.
Exercise: 5
Material:
It includes lists of words. Each list contain six to eight words. The words
may have a common vowel repeated in all words, an initial or final word
repeated or mixture of three lettered words.
Presentation:
The teacher places the lists in front of the child. She asks him to blends
the sounds of each alphabet silently and speak the whole word loudly.
Exercise: 6
Material:
A booklet with pink color outer cover. Each page of the booklet contains a
three- lettered word on one side. A tray, small writing booklet and a pencil.
Presentation:
At first, the teacher opens the booklet and turn the pages one by one,
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allowing the child to read the words on each page. Then she invites the
child to hold the booklet and turn the pages himself. She then encourage
the child to write words he has read.
Exercise: 7
Material:
Flash cards of sight words, pink bordered white flash cards containing
words necessary for completing a sentence or phrase.
Presentation:
The teacher introduces two to three flash cards. She uses three period
lesson to introduce those words. First, she tells, “This is _.” Then she
asks, “show me _?” she then shuffle the cards and ask, “What word is
this?”
Exercise: 8
Material:
Six pink-colored strip with a picture on one side and a phrase on the
other side, all the alphabets are, written in small case, the phrases
include sight words and three lettered phonic words.
Presentation:
The teacher selects one strip at a time. She points to each word and
reminds the child of the sight words and phonic words. She allow the
child to read the words and then the whole sentence.
Exercise: 9
Material:
Sentence strips of pink color, containing a picture on one side and a
sentence on the other side, capital letters and punctuation is,
introduced on this stage.
Presentation:
The teacher introduces one strip at a time to the child. She reminds him
the sight words. She also explain the concept of punctuation and capital
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letter to the child.

BLUE LEVEL WORD WORK:
Blue level segmentation:
Exercise: 1
Material:
LMA box, blue boxes containing small objects whose names longer phonetic
words.
Presentation:
The teacher places the LMA and the blue box on the mat. She allow the
children to name the objects in the blue box. The teacher takes one
object, build the name using the LMA, and pronounce it. She allow the
child to do the same.
Exercise: 2
Material:
Material is same as in exercise 1 but pictures are, used instead of objects.
Presentation:
The process is also same as in exercise when except pictures are, used
instead of objects.
Blue level blending (beginning phonetic reading):
These are same as in the pink level exercises. Just as the material used
are colored blue. Using different colored format keep the interest toward
learning alive in a child. The exercises included are as follows:
 Blue phonetic object boxes and written cards.
 Blue phonetic picture boxes and written cards.
 Blue six picture cards.
 Blue level secret boxes
 Blue level word lists.
 Blue level phonetic booklets.
 Blue phrasal strips.
 Blue sentence strips.
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GREEN LEVEL WORD WORK:

After the child successfully completes the pink and blue level he is,
introduced to the green level, which includes phonograms. In this level,
phonetic words with one phonogram are used. For example, while
teaching the phonogram “sh” the teacher uses brush, shell, shrub, fish
etc. Rarely used phonograms are introduced to the child when he
comes across them therefore no special material is needed.
Exercise: 1
Material:
Green boxes containing green color-coded picture and word cards,
having phonetic words with only one phonogram. Red ink is, used for
the phonogram and the rest of the alphabets are in black. The
phonogram is, written on the lid of the box. Prepare separate boxes for
each phonogram.
Presentation:
The teacher shows the phonogram written on the lid to the child. She
spreads the picture cards and pile the word cards on the table. Then she
shows the words cards one by one to the child, ask him to pronounce
the word and place it beside the corresponding picture. The child can
always refer to the lid for the phonogram during the exercise.
Exercise: 2
Material:
List of green cards containing words where the phonogram is in red and
rest of the alphabets are in black. A picture of one word is, placed beside
its name card at the top of the list.
Presentation:
The teacher introduces the phonogram to the child. She then tells the
sound of the phonogram in the picture and first word as a clue. She asks
the child to read the rest of the words pronouncing the phonogram and
copy the words on a paper.
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Exercise: 3
Material:
An envelope, containing list of graphemes representing one sound.
Presentation:
The teacher shows the envelope to the child and tells him that all the
letters sound the same. She then takes out the list and asks him to read.
She then encourages him to read all the lists.
Exercise: 4
Material:
Strips with pictures on one side and sentences with words containing
phonogram on the other.
Presentation:
The teacher shows the strips to the child and encourages him to read them
loudly.
Exercise: 5
Material:
Separate booklets for every phonogram written on their cover.
Presentation:
Shows booklets to the child one at a time introduce him to the
phonogram and ask the child to read the words inside the booklet.
Green level segmentation Exercise:
Material:
Two sets of alphabet boxes. One in red and other is black and blue. All
the letters are, arranged alphabetically while vowel and consonants are
of same color.
Presentation:
The teacher introduces the child to alphabet boxes. She asks the child to
select a phonogram box from reading exercise 1. She pulls out a
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picture from the phonogram box and asks the child to construct the word
for that picture using the alphabets. She ask the child to use red color
alphabets for the phonogram.

Q No: 3 Write a comprehensive note on Exercises

of Oral Language.
Answer:-
Exercises of oral language:
Before entering the Montessori, most of the children have started
construction words and sentences. This is, done by them
unconsciously. Montessori equip the child with the tools required for
language development.
There are two groups in Montessori for teaching correct oral language to the
child.
1. The enrichment of vocabulary.
2. Language training.
Purpose:
 Following are the main purposes of these exercises:
 Speech clarity.
 Vocabulary expansion.
 Familiarize with different aspects of language.
 Develops appreciation and enjoyment toward language.
 Prepares for, writing work and reading.
1. THE ENRICHMENT OF VOCABULARY:
From the first day, teacher starts talking about the objects in the
environment, the children gain vocabulary and it helps in the orientation
of their new environment. For this lesson, the teacher begin with very
broad classifications. Later, the teacher moves to the sub-
classifications. The teacher simply works from simple to more complex,
groups of vocabulary. She present the child with words that he has
already familiar. Three Period Lesson style is very effective.
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Exercise: 1 Objects of the Environment

Materials:
The objects of the environment such as chair, table or lamp
Presentation:
The teacher chooses three words broadly representing a category. For
example, floor, wall, and ceiling. She uses the three period lesson. She
asks to name one of the things. For example, floor. She touch the floor,
“This is the floor.” Then she asks the children to do the same. The she
do the same with the other words. Then she asks one child at a time to
show her one of the three. Then she asks the name of each object. She
repeats until the children are comfortable with these three words. She
then introduces other examples for word categories such as Table,
Chair, and Shelf. Bowl, Spoon and Tray. Jug, Scissors and Bin. Soap
Dish, Brush and Sponge.
Exercise: 2 The Sensorial Materials
Materials:
The sensorial materials
Presentation:
The teacher uses three period lesson to introduce nouns and adjectives
related to the sensorial material. Language lessons on the Sensorial
Materials. The child is, given the language lessons after he has
mastered the material, and is at a point where he has start losing
interest in the material.
Exercise: 3 Classified Cards
Material:
A set of labeled or unlabeled picture cards representing a class of
things, e.g. animals, plants, furniture etc.
Presentation: 1
The teacher Invites children to work. She chooses one set of cards.
Introduces the cards conversationally/non-formally. Shows the child the
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classification card and Talks about what he sees on that card. Places
the card face down next to the box of cards. She shows all the cards
and Separates the cards he knows and the cards he does not know.
She teaches the names of the cards he does not know by doing a Three
Period Lesson with three cards at a time. When the child is sure of all of
the names, she mixes them with the cards he knows. Do a second Three
Period Lesson with the entire set. Put the entire set back into the box.
Presentation: 2
The teacher chooses two sets of cards that the child has already
familiar. She then takes out the two classification cards and mixes them
together. She places the classification cards next to each other, with
ample space on the mat. She asks the child to name each card, one by
one and place it in a column under its appropriate classification card.
Once the child is comfortable using two sets, she introduces them to
three or four different sets.
Exercise: 4 The Nomenclature Cards
Materials:
Collections of Classified Nomenclature cards. Illustrating geography,
geometry, biology, and other sciences. About 200 sets of cards that can
be, changed regularly and frequently if needed.
Presentation:
Same as classified cards presentation.
Exercise: 5 The Vocabulary of Social Relations
The use of grace and courtesy words are, introduced and they are role-
played.
Material:
Objects in the environment may be used.
Presentation:
The teacher invites the children, demonstrate the term and act it herself.
She then ask the child to repeat it.
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Direct purpose:
 Enlarge the child's vocabulary.
 Help classification of the environment.
Indirect purpose:
Preparation for other cultural studies.
2. LANGUAGE TRAINING:
Exercise-1: Reading and telling stories:
This exercise is, done with one child or a small group of children. The
teacher make them sit in a semi-circle, so that every child has a clear
view of the teacher’s gestures and facial movements. Which helps a
child to understand the meaning of the story. The stories are about
reality, whether true or fictional. Fantasy stories are for the older
children. Telling stories strengthens relation of a teacher and children.
Teacher avoid showing pictures during this exercise so the child uses
his own imagination. She also ask children to share their stories as well.
Similarly, teacher sometimes read story from a book. Well-constructed
real stories are, chosen, though they do not have to be true. Once the
story is, read to the children, it goes to the Book Corner where the
children are free to look at it.
Exercise: 2 Poetry-Rhymes, jingles and songs
Poetry is a mode of self-expression and communication that attracts the
young child. The teacher takes special care while selecting a poem so
as it does not depict any kind of negative message. She starts with short
poem, which are easy to memorize. She reads the poem aloud then
read one sentence at a time and asking the children to repeat after her.
This continues in this way until the child learns the entire poem. She also
tries to create poems. Rhymes and Jingles are, taught in the same
manner as with poetry.
Exercise: 3 Books corner
The book corner is a place where the child goes to read a good book or
just look at the pictures in a book. This corner, in a Montessori
classroom, is a special place. The materials used to create a book corner
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like a floor mat, lamplight etc. make this place even more special. Only
two chairs are, placed in the book corner to make it a calm and peaceful
area. Books with least amount of text and more pictures are, placed on
the bottom shelf. It moves up depending on the amount of text.
This allows the youngest children to have easy access to the books with
less text and more pictures. Quality of the books are, also maintained.

Exercise: 4 News Time

Sharing news is, done in any time of the day. Giving news is, done one-
on-one with the child, in small groups, or even with the whole class. This
exercise is, not done as routine or it loses its essence. This exercise
develops confidence and improves expression of a child. It is important
for the teacher to listen to the child with interest and immediately. The
child can repeat his news during News Time, in front of the class if he
wishes. The teacher also encourages them by sharing news herself. The
teacher may ask open-ended questions to help shy children be more
descriptive. The other children may also help by asking their own
questions. The teacher help each child feel comfortable in sharing his
news.
Exercise: 5 Asking questions Game
These are fun games, which help the child to think more than he would
naturally do. It is a great exercise of brain. This can be, played
individually or with a group of children. For example, if a child had fries
for lunch, the teacher may ask:
 What are, they
made of?

 Where does
potato come from?

 What color is a
potato?
 What else can we make from potato? Etc.
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The teacher repeat these exercises regularly to encourage sharing of ideas.

Exercise: 6 Grammar games:
These games are, played to; informally introduce parts of speech to a
child and their proper use.

Q No: 4 Prepare a complete set of Montessori language material to be

used at Pink, Blue and Green levels.
Answer:-
Pink Phonetic Object Boxes with LMA:
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Pink Phonetic Object Boxes with written Cards:

Six Pictures Cards

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Pink Level Secret Box / Basket

Pink Level Words List

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Pink Level Phonetic Booklet

Pink Sight Words

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Phrasal and Sentence Strips Pink Level

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Blue Level Words Work

Exercise: 1
Blue Phonetic Object Boxes with LMA
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Reading Exercise: 3
Blue Six Pictures Card
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Reading Exercise: 4
Blue Level Secret Box / Basket

Blue Level Words List

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Blue Phonetic Booklet

Blue Phrasal Strips

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Blue Sentence Strips

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Green Level Words Work

Reading Exercise: 1
Green Pictures Boxes and Written Cards
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Green Sentences Strips (Story Starters)

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Reading Exercise: 3
Green List of Words