Covalent Bonding, Lewis Structures, Shapes of Molecules

1 Which one of the following compounds is most likely to exhibit covalent bonding?

A NaCl B MgCl2 C FeCl3 D CCl4

2 Which one of the following has a Lewis structure most like that of SO32-?

A SeO32- B SO3 C CO32- D NO3-

3 The shape of the chlorate ion, ClO3-, is best described as

A pyramidal B tetrahedral
C distorted tetrahedral D trigonal planar

4 In which one of the lists below are all of the formulae correct?

A SO3, H3PO4, Na2SO4 B NH4, HCl, Al2(CO3)3

C CO3, HNO3, Mg(OH)2 D LiOH, AlCl3, MgNO3

5 What shape would you expect for the tetrafluoroborate ion, BF4-?

A Trigonal pyramidal B Square pyramidal

C Square planar D Tetrahedral

6 What is the value of the OCO bond angle in carbon dioxide?

A 90o B 109.5o C 120o D 180o

7 Which one of the following molecules does NOT contain one or more lone pairs of electrons?

A C2H6 B H2S C PCl3 D CCl4

8 Which one of the following is NOT trigonal planar in shape?

A BF3 B CO32- C PCl3 D SO3

9 Which one of the following values is the bond angle in a molecule of ammonia?
A 90o B 107.3o C 109.5o D 120o

10 Ionic compounds I Have relatively high melting points

II Conduct electricity in the crystalline state
III Dissolve in organic solvents such as hexane

Which of the above correctly complete(s) the statement?

A I only B III only C I and II only D II and III only

11 Which one of the following species is NOT isoelectronic with the others

A H2F+ B OH- C CH4 D NaH

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 Covalent Bonding, Lewis Structures, Shapes of Molecules
12 Which one of the following statements is the best description of a covalent bond?

A Positive ions attracting negative ions

B Overlapping of two electron-filled orbitals having different energies
C Overlapping of unoccupied orbitals of two or more atoms
D Electrons simultaneously attracted by more than one nucleus

13 The distribution of electron domains about the central atom in BrF3 would best be described
as

A trigonal planar B trigonal pyramidal

C tetrahedral D trigonal bipyramidal

14 Which pair of elements is most likely to form a covalently-bonded compound?

A Li and F B P and O C Ca and O D Zn and Br

15 The F-B-F bond angle in the BF3 molecule is most similar to the bond angle in

A BF4- B C2F4 C CF4 D C2F6

16 Which one of the following species would not be expected to be tetrahedral in shape?

A CF4 B NF4+ C BF4- D SF4

17 In which one of the species below would the F-X-F bond angle be expected to be the
smallest?

A CF4 B NF3 C BF3 D OF2

18 In the Lewis structure for the ion ClF2+, the number of lone pairs in the outer shell of the
central atom is

A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3

19 When the species NH2-, NH3 and NH4+ are arranged in increasing order of H-N-H bond
angle, the correct order is

A NH2-, NH3, NH4+ B NH4+, NH3, NH2-

C NH3, NH4+, NH2- D NH3, NH2-, NH4+

20 What is the distribution of electron domains and the arrangement of atoms in the triiodide
ion, I3-?
Electron domains Atom arrangement
A tetrahedral bent
B square planar linear
C trigonal bipyramid linear
D trigonal bipyramid bent

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 Covalent Bonding, Lewis Structures, Shapes of Molecules
21 (a) Describe the main features of the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory for
predicting shapes of molecules [3]

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(b) Predict with reasons the shapes and bond angles of the following species [4]
(i) BCl3

(ii) NCl3

(c) Draw and name the shape and predict the bond angles in each of the following [12]

SF6 PCl5 SF42- XeF2

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 Covalent Bonding, Lewis Structures, Shapes of Molecules
22 This question deals with the shapes and properties of molecules formed by xenon, Xe,
(atomic number 54).
(a) Draw 4 different Lewis structures for XeO3 and use formal charge (FC) to predict the
most likely structure. [5]

(b) Draw and explain the shape of XeO3. [2]

(c) Draw Lewis structures and predict the shapes for the following molecules:

XeF4 XeO4 [4]

23 Starting with an electron dot (Lewis) structure deduce the shape of the POCl3 molecule.
Suggest why the Cl-P-Cl bond angle is approximately 103 o. [4]