DERIVATIVES AND INTEGRALS

Basic Differentiation Rules

1. —[cu = cu 2. uv = uv' + vu'
vu
n = nu n u

—[ln u] —

= eau' 11. [loga u] 12. = (In a)a uu'

(In a)u
B. —Isinu] = (cosu)u' 14. —Icos u] — —(sin u)u' 15. —Itan u] = (sec2 u)u'

16. — [cot u] = —(csc2 u)u' sec u = (sec u tan u)u' 18. —[csc u] —(csc u cot u)u'

19. — arcsin u 20. —[arccos u] — 21. —[arctan u] =

22. —[arccot u] — 23. [arcsec u] 24. —[arccsc u] =

25. — [Sinh u] (cosh u)u ' 26. [cosh u] (Sinhu)u' 27. — [tanh u] = (sech2 u)u'

28. — [coth u] —(csch2 u)u 29. — [sech u] —(sech u tanh ' 30. [csch u] = —(csch u coth u)u'

31. —[sinh ¯l u] 32. —[cosh ¯l u] 33. —[tanh¯l u]

34. —[coth 1 u] — 35. —[sech¯l u] 36. —[csch¯l u] =

u 1 2
ul I + Ld
Basic Integration Formulas
I. kf(u)du = k f(u) du [f(u) ± g(u)]du f (u) du ± g(u) du

3. du u+ C 4. un du =

du
Inlul + C 6. eu du = eu + C

8. sin u du = —cosu + C
In a
9. cos u du = sin u + C 10. tan u du = —Inlcos ul + C

11. cot u du = Inlsin ul + C 12. sec u du = Inlsecu + tan ul + C

13. csc u du = —Inlcscu + cot ul + C 14. sec2 u du = tan u + C

15. csc2 u du = —cot u + C 16. sec u tan u du = sec u + C

du
17. csc u cot u du = —csc u 18. = arcsin —+ C

du du = —arcsec
19. 20. + C
 TRIGONOMETRY

Definition of the Six Trigonometric Functions

Right triangle definitions,where•O < < 7/2.
sin e =
O
csc =
byp 9)
hyp opp
byp
cos e = 1200
hyp adj
1350 450
Adyacent 6
tan e = PPP cote- 1500
adj opp 00

Circularfunction definitions, where e is any angle. (-1,0) 1800

2100 3300
2 2 sin e — csc = 6 2250 3150
2 3000
x
e cos e = sec O =
x 2700 2

x x x
tan — cot 0 = 2
x

Reciprocal Identities Double-Angle Formulas

1 1 sin 2u = 2 sin u cos u
sinx =
1
tanx = cot x
secx = cos 2u cos2 u — sin u 2 cos2 u — 1=1 — 2 sin2 u
CSC x cos x
2 tan u
CSCx = sinx cosx = secx cotx = tanx
1 1 1
tan 2u —
1 — tan2 u

Quotient Identities Power-Reducing Formulas

I —cos 2u
sinx cos x sin
tanx = cos x cotx = sinx 2
1 + cos 2u
Pythagorean Identities cos
2
sin2x + cos2x 1 I —cos 2u
tan
1 + tan2x sec2x 1 + cot2x = CSCx 1 + cos 2u
Cofunction Identities Sum-to-Product Formulas

sin ——x cosx cos —

77 cos
—x = sinx sin u sin v = 2 sin
2 2 2 2
7
CSC— —x = sec x tan ——x = cotx sin u —sin v = 2 cos sin
2 2 2
2
cos u cos v = 2 cos cos
x cot — —x
77
= CSC tan x 2 2
2 2

Even/OddIdentities cos u —cos v = —2 sin sin

2 2
sin(—x) —sin x cos(—x) = cos x Product-to-Sum Formulas
csc(—x)= —cscx tan(—x)= —tanx
sec( —x) sec x cot(—x) = —cot x sin u sin v = —[COS(U
— v) — cos(u + v)]

Sum and Difference Formulas cos u cos v

1
—[cos(u—v) + cos(u + v)]
sin(u ± v) = sin u cos v ± cos u sin v
sin u cos v = —[sin(u + v) + sin(u —
1
cos(u ± v) cos u cos v sin u sin v
2
tan u ± tan v
tan(u± v) = —[sin(u + v) — sin(u —
I ; tan u tan v cos u sin v
 1200 600
1350 450
1500 300

(-1,0) 1800 3600

2 100 3300
3150 r
2400 300 0 7,r

2700