FUNCTIONS

Objectives:
a. To evaluate a function.
b. To represent real-life situations
using functions, including piecewise
functions.
c. To solve problems involving
functions.
Explain why set A is a function
and set B is just a relation:
SET A {(1, 6), (2, 6), (3, 8), (4, 9)}
SET B {(6, 1), (6, 2), (8, 3), (9, 4)}
Use the vertical line test to explain
which graphs are functions and
which are not.
Explain why the equation 1 and 2
functions that define y as a
function of x while equation 3 does
not define y as a function of x:
1) 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟔
𝟐
2) 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟒
𝟐 𝟐
3) 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟒
 𝟐
Given: 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟓
1) 𝒇 𝟐
2) 𝒇 𝒙 + 𝟑
3) 𝒇(−𝒙)
RELATION
A relation is any set of
ordered pairs. The set of all
first components of the
ordered pairs is called the
domain of the relation and
the set of all second
components is called the
range of the relation.
FUNCTION
A function is a
relation where each
element in the domain
is related to only one
value in the range.
 ALL FUNCTIONS ARE
CONSIDERED AS RELATIONS
BUT NOT ALL RELATIONS
ARE FUNCTIONS.
The human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, infects
and kills helper T cells. Because T cells stimulate
the immune system to produce antibodies, their
destruction disables the body’s defenses against
other pathogens. By counting the number of T
cells that remain active in the body, the
progression of HIV can be monitored. The fewer
helper T cells, the more advanced the disease.
Without the drugs that are now used to inhibit
the progression of the virus, Figure 2.9 shows a
graph that is used to monitor the average
progression of the disease. The number of T cells,
𝒇(𝒙), is a function of time after infection, x.
a) Explain
why 𝒇
represents
the graph of
a function.
b) Use the
graph to
find and
interpret
𝒇(𝟖).
c) For what
value of 𝒙 is
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟑𝟓𝟎?
d) Describe
the general
trend shown
by the
graph.
PIECEWISE Function is defined by two (or
more) equations over a specified
domain.
A cellphone company
offers the following plan
for a mobile hotspot:
1) $40 per month
includes 15 GB of data.
2) Additional data costs
$0.60 per GB.
 Example 3 | Use the function that
describes the Internet plan

𝟒𝟎 𝒊𝒇 𝟎 ≤ 𝒈 ≤ 𝟏𝟓
𝑪 𝒈 =ቊ
𝟒𝟎 + 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎 𝒈 − 𝟏𝟓 𝒊𝒇 𝒈 > 𝟏𝟓

to find each of the following:

1) 𝑪 (𝟏𝟎) 3) 𝑪 (𝟓)
2) 𝑪 (𝟐𝟓) 4) 𝑪 (𝟓𝟎)
Example 4 | Graph the piecewise
function defined by

𝒙 + 𝟐 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 =ቊ
𝟒 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 > 𝟏

𝟑 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 ≤ −𝟏
𝒇 𝒙 =ቊ
𝒙−𝟐 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 > −𝟏