Applications of Information and Communication

Technologies
CSC-101
Lab Report #2

Name

Registration Number

Class

Instructor’s Name

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Renewable Energy
Resources

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 Table of Contents

1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Background..................................................................................................................................................................3
1.2. Objectives...................................................................................................................................................................3
2. Types of Renewable Energy Sources..................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Solar Energy.................................................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Wind Energy................................................................................................................................................................4
2.3 Hydroelectric Power....................................................................................................................................................4
2.4 Biomass Energy...........................................................................................................................................................5
2.5 Geothermal Energy.....................................................................................................................................................5
3. Benefits of Renewable Energy...........................................................................................................................................5
4. Challenges in Harnessing Renewable Energy....................................................................................................................5
5. Future Prospects...............................................................................................................................................................6
6. Conclusion.........................................................................................................................................................................6
7. References.........................................................................................................................................................................7

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1. Introduction:

1.1 Background

The increasing global demand for energy and the pressing need to address climate change have led to a
growing interest in renewable energy sources. This report explores the various types of renewable energy
sources, their advantages, challenges, and the role they can play in a sustainable energy future.

1.2 Objectives

 To provide an overview of renewable energy sources.

 To examine the benefits and challenges associated with these sources.
 To assess the future prospects of renewable energy.

2. Types of Renewable Energy Sources:

2.1 Solar Energy

Solar energy harnesses sunlight to generate electricity and heat. It is abundant and clean, making it a
sustainable energy source. Solar energy is a form of renewable energy that is generated by harnessing the
power of the sun's rays and converting them into electricity or heat. It is one of the cleanest and most
abundant sources of energy available on Earth. Here

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 Figure 1: Solar Panels Installation

2.2 Wind Energy

Wind energy uses the kinetic energy of the wind to generate electricity through wind turbines. It is a rapidly
growing renewable energy source. Wind energy is a form of renewable energy that is generated by harnessing
the kinetic energy of moving air, or wind, and converting it into electricity. This is typically done using wind
turbines or windmills.

Country Installed Capacity (MW)

China 282,944

United States 122,101

Germany 61,657

India 39,657
Spain 27,688

Table 1: Wind Energy Capacity by Country (2021)

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3. Benefits of Renewable Energy:

 Reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

 Energy security and independence.
 Job creation and economic growth.
 Sustainable and inexhaustible energy supply.

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4. Challenges in Harnessing Renewable Energy:

 Intermittency and variability.

 High initial installation costs.
 Infrastructure and storage limitations.
 Technological and regulatory challenges.

5. Future Prospects:

The future of renewable energy looks promising, with ongoing advancements in technology, increased
investment, and supportive policies aimed at transitioning to a sustainable energy landscape.

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6. Conclusion:

Renewable energy sources offer a viable solution to the global energy and environmental challenges we face.
By harnessing the power of the sun, wind, water, and more, we can create a cleaner and more sustainable
energy future for generations to come.

7. References:

[1] International Energy Agency (IEA). (2021). Renewables 2021: Analysis and Forecast to 2026. IEA Publications.

[2] U.S. Department of Energy. (2021). Wind Energy Technologies Office: 2021 Wind Technologies Market Report. Office
of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.

[3] Solar Energy Industries Association. (2021). Solar Market Insight Report 2021 Q2. Solar Energy Industries
Association.

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