Name:_______________ ● Educate yourself and your family members

Grade 11- STEM Handout ● Have disaster kits/supplies on hand.

James 1:5 “If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men ● Develop an emergency communication plan.
liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him.” ● Help your community get ready.
COVERAGE OF THE EXAM ● Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle
Test I. IDENTIFICATION. Instruction: Identify the terms being described in each
number. You may choose your answer from the box below and write the letter in the DISASTER FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE ( Ma’am Kylene’s Discussion)
space provided before the number. (1 point Each) ● Physical Perspective- causes great physical damage in a community
EFFECTS OF DISASTERS ON ONE’S LIFE infrastructure, its people and their properties, e.g. houses and environmental
● DISASTER- is a damaging event that occurs suddenly and involves loss of life sources of living.
and property. It can be of two types, natural and man-made. EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL PERSPECTIVE
○ Injuries
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HAZARD AND DISASTER? ○ Physical disabilities or illness
● A hazard is a dangerous situation or event that carries a threat to humans ○ Sanitation
while a disaster is an event that harms humans and disrupts the operations of ○ Damage in infrastructure
society. ● PSYCHOLOGICAL Perspective- victims of disasters may suffer from Post
● Hazards can only be considered disasters once it affect humans. If a disaster Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), which leaves the victims in a state of
happens in an unpopulated area it is still a hazard. shock and tend to deny the loss and try to escape from reality.
EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
THE HUMAN EFFECTS OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTER ○ Distress Hopelessness
● DISPLACED POPULATION- A large influx of refugees can disrupt the ○ Intrusion / avoidance Emotional Effects
accessibility of health care and education as well as food supplies and clean ○ Hatred / revenge Cognitive Effects
water. ○ Dependence / insecurities Physical Effects
● HEALTH RISKS- Severe flooding can result in stagnant water that allows the ○ Grief / withdrawn / isolation Interpersonal Effects
breeding of waterborne bacteria and malaria-carrying mosquitoes. ○ Guilt Feeling Helplessness
● FOOD SCARCITY- thousands of people around the world are hungry because ○ Lack of trust
of destroyed crops and loss of agricultural supplies, whether it happens ● Socio-cultural perspective- the culture of “malalampasan din natin to..” belief
suddenly in a storm or gradually in a drought. and “bahala na ang diyos” syndrome give home to most Filipino in the midst
● EMOTIONAL AFTERSHOCKS- Confronted with scenes of destruction and the of a disaster
deaths of friends and loved ones, many children develop post-traumatic SOCIO-CULTURAL EFFECT OF DISASTER
stress disorder (PTSD). ○ Change in individual role
● PTSD- a serious psychological condition resulting from extreme trauma. Left ○ Disruption of Social Relationships and personal connections
untreated, children suffering from PTSD can be prone to lasting ● ECONOMIC perspective- disasters affect the economic condition of a
psychological damage and emotional distress. community because they reduce local and international trade.
ECONOMIC EFFECT OF DISASTER
HOW TO PLAN AHEAD OF A DISASTER. ○ Loss of life
● Check for hazards at home. ○ Unemployment
● Identify safe places indoors and outdoors ○ Loss of property
 ○ Loss of household articles
○ Loss of crops TYPES OF VULNERABILITY
○ Loss of public infrastructure ● PHYSICAL VULNERABILITY- physical impact on the physical environment
● POLITICAL perspective- the effects of a natural disaster and the resulting ● ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY- the potential impacts of hazards on economic
distribution of humanitarian aid are profoundly linked to politics. assets and processes (i.e. business interruption secondary effects such as
increased poverty and job loss) vulnerability of different economic sectors.
ECONOMIC EFFECT OF DISASTER ● SOCIAL VULNERABILITY- refers to the inability of people, organizations and
○ Loss of life societies to withstand adverse impacts to hazards due to characteristics
○ Unemployment inherent in social interactions, institutions and system cultural values.
○ Loss of property
○ Loss of household articles
○ Loss of crops
○ Loss of public infrastructure ● Social vulnerability refers to how certain groups of people might be more
● BIOLOGICAL perspective - the disturbing effects caused by a prevalent kind affected by difficult situations or disasters because of things like where they
of disease or virus in an epidemic or pandemic level is known as biological live, their income, their health, or other factors. Basically, it's about how some
disaster. people might have a harder time coping with tough situations compared to
ECONOMIC EFFECT OF DISASTER others because of their social circumstances.
○ Loss of life ● ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY- natural resource depletion and source
○ Unemployment degradation are key aspects of environmental vulnerability.
○ Public demobilization
○ negative economic effect HOW DO WE REDUCE VULNERABILITY?
○ hunger ● Implementing building codes
● Insurance and social protection ( risk )
VULNERABILITY (MA’AM KYLENE’S DISCUSSION) ● Emphasizing economic diversity and resilient livelihoods
● VULNERABILITY- determine the ability of a person or a group to predict, ● Knowledge and awareness raising
cope with, resist and recover from the effects of a natural or human-induced ● Preparedness measures
threat. Is a state of being at risk and defined as the characteristics and
circumstances of a community. WHAT IS RISK?
● is a function of threats exploiting vulnerabilities to obtain, damage or destroy
assets
● the chance of something bad happening. It's like guessing how likely it is for
something to go wrong. If something has a high risk, it means it's more likely
to happen. If it has a low risk, it's less likely to happen. So, when we talk about
risk, we're talking about the possibility of something bad or unexpected
occurring.
Sectors of Society’s Vulnerability to Disaster
Vulnerabilities of different elements due to its exposure to particular and specific
hazards HAZARDS SIGNS AND WARNINGS
● 1. Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle
○ Population refers to the number of individuals inhabiting a
particular space at the same time. If people are well distributed, ● Flame
there is less effect of disaster. ○ flammable
○ Population density refers to the number of individuals living in an ○ self-heating
area about the size of an area. So, crowded communities have a ○ emits flammable gas
higher vulnerability to hazards. ○ Pyrophoric
● The primary consideration is not the population size but the population
density.
● 2. Capacity and Efficiency to Reduce Disaster Risk.
○ A community that is less vulnerable has the capacity to reduce ● Health Hazard
disaster risk because ○ reproductive toxicity
■ it can provide accessibility and availability of services and ○ respiratory sensitizer
facilities during and after the disaster. ○ target organ toxicity
■ It can anticipate, adapt and respond to possible disasters.
○ aspiration toxicity
○ Advanced technology to predict super typhoons and several
○ municipalities have already provided evacuation centres to provide
temporary housing for victims during disasters.
● HAZARD- is a harmful condition, substance, human, behaviour, or condition ● Exploding Bomb
that can cause loss of life, injury or other health effects, harm to property, loss ○ Explosives
of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption or damage to the
○ Self-reactive
environment. Any risk which is imminent is a threat.
○ Organic Peroxides
Types of Hazards
● Natural Hazards- arise from natural processes in the environment. Examples
(earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, volcanic eruptions and floods) ● Skull and crossbones
● Quasi-natural hazards - Arise through the interaction of natural processes ○ fatal or toxic
and human activities. Examples (Pollution or desertification, smog, and/or ○ Acute toxicity
fog)
● Technological/ man-made- these arise directly as a result of human activities
(Examples: accidental release of chemicals, toxic and pesticides to floral and
fauna.)
 Aquatic Toxicity Air Toxicity

Wet floor or slippery surface

Hazard: Its impact, identification and Risk assessment


What are the different impacts of hazards?
● Danger to life which includes physical and psychological harm and diseases
● Denial of access to energy, water, communication and transport access
● damage to the physical environment like buildings and land.
6 more specific types of HAZARD IMPACTS
● PHYSICAL IMPACT
○ Physical injuries (bone fracture, wounds, bruises)
○ Destruction and loss of vital infrastructure like transportation
system
○ roads, bridges, power lines and communication lines
○ widespread destruction of housing and buildings.
● PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT
○ grief and psychological illness
○ Marital conflict
○ depression due to the loss of loved ones and properties
○ Chronic anxiety
● SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT
○ Displacement of population
○ Loss of cultural identity
○ forced of adaptation of new sets of culture
○ ethnic conflicts
● BIOLOGICAL IMPACT
○ Epidemic to people, flora and fauna
○ Chronic and permanent illness caused by biological agents
○ proliferation of different viral diseases.
○
IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
● Hazard Identification- is the process of all physical and nonphysical agents in
the workplace or specific environment.
● RISK ASSESSMENT- Is a way to determine which hazards and risks should be
prioritized by taking into consideration the probability and severity of
impact.
● STEPS in HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT
● 1. Identify the hazards
Methods:
a. Observation- use your sense of sight, hearing, smell and touch
combined with knowledge and experience.
b. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)- obtain them from
manufacturers and suppliers. It gives information on possible harm
from hazardous substances and precautions that need to be taken.
c. Hazard and risk surveys- interview other people about their safety
concerns as far as the workplace is concerned. Utmost consideration
should be given to children or visitors who could be at risk.
d. Discussion groups- are useful for identifying hazards and
recommending solutions.
e. Safety audits- a committee must be assigned to periodically check
safety in the area.

● ECONOMIC IMPACT ● 2. ASSESS THE RISK - once a hazard has been identified, the likelihood and
○ Loss of Job due to displacement possible severity of injury or harm will need to be assessed before
○ loss of harvest and livestock determining the best way to minimize the risk. High-risk hazards need to be
○ loss of farms, fish cages and other sources of food addressed more urgently than low-risk ones.
○ loss of money and other valuables. ● 3. Make the changes- Once risks are assessed, the next step is to make
decision for some necessary changes. These changes include removing the
● ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT hazard and replacing it with something less hazardous, engineering
○ Loss of forest due to forest fires modifications like installation of exhausts, safety barriers and safety exits
○ Loss of freshwater due to salination modification of procedures, etc.
○ Disturbance of biodiversity
○ Loss of natural rivers
 ● 4. Checking the changes made- To make sure risk has been minimized, and a
further hazard has not been created, the new safety measures may need to be and engaging. interesting, and interesting, and interesting, and
Imaginative and engaging, engaging, engaging,
carefully tested before work begins again. original imaginative and imaginative and imaginative, and
original original original
Meaning Making
Test II. Write your answers at the back of this paper. Maximize the space provided. EVACUATION CENTERS ARE PRONE TO CONTAGIOUS DISEASES BECAUSE OF OVERCROWDED AND NO PRIVACY.
(15 points)

What are Define Natural Define Quasi- Define Do you think it is

Hazards? Hazards and give Natural Hazards Technological or important to
some Examples and give some manmade hazards know these
examples and give some precautionary
examples /warning signs
and symbols?
Why?

3pts 3pts 3pts 3pts 3pts

Transfer

Test III: Cerebral Enhancer. Answer the given scenario below. (15 points)

Create an information brochure about the elements of hazard exposure. Visit a community using
Google Maps or you can choose your community or barangay. Determine all the elements exposed to
hazards in that locality. Use your resources to create a creative brochure. Be creative and include
emergency hotlines as much as possible. You will be graded based on the rubrics given.

Rubric 4 (3) 2 1

Accuracy All information is Most of the Some of the Very little of the
y correct and all of the information is information is information is
sources are listed correct and most correct and some correct ad none of
of the sources are of the sources are the sources are
listed listed listed

Neatnes All writing is tidy, Most of the writing Some of the Very little of the
s photos or drawings is tidy, photos and writing is tidy, writing is tidy,
and artwork are artwork are mostly photos and photos and
precisely placed, and placed carefully, artwork are artwork are placed
all sections are orderly and most of the somewhat placed poorly, and the
sections are carefully, and sections are
orderly some of the disorderly
sections are
orderly

Creativity The brochure as a Most of the Some of the Very little of the
whole is interesting, brochure is brochure is brochure is