LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

CODE 184

WRITING (10 Marks)

WRITNG section includes both

1. Formal Letters

2. Analytical Writing

This section of the question paper usually checks on the interpreting, evaluative, investigative

and perceptive skills of a writer in line with the present set-ups. As a writer, a student should be

able to comprehend through the information given in the question and try to write a paragraph in

his/her own words based on the details given.

It has been always taken as the most scoring section of the question paper as one finds it easy to

score more marks.

V.IMP : Always begin Your Writing Topics – a Formal Letter/ an Analytical paragraph on a new

page.
Formal Letters-Types
1. Letter to the Editor
2. Letter of Complaint
3. Inquiry (Enquiry) Letter
4. Letter of Placing an Order
Letter to the Editor
Tips :
1. Identify the purpose of your letter and the specific topic you want to address.
2. Research the publication you plan to submit your letter to and understand their
guidelines and policies.
3. Use a clear and concise writing style that is easy to understand.
4. Use a formal tone and language.
5. Start with a strong and attention-grabbing opening sentence.
6. Include facts and statistics to support your argument.
7. Use examples and anecdotes to illustrate your points.
8. Address the counter-arguments and provide a logical refutation.
9. End with a strong closing sentence that reiterates your main point and calls for
action.
10. Proofread and edit your letter for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
 DOs
• It is very important to know the format before you write the
letter to an editor as it is very officially written.
• It is also mandatory to mention the name of the newspaper
of your locality.
• Know what to state and in what manner you want to get it
to the grounds of public and their acceptance.
• Feel free to display the issues.
• Be very specific to the point when recounting the issues.
• You should also keep in mind the Marking Scheme.
 DON’Ts
• Don’t ever be informal while narrating the issues.
• Don’t try to go beyond the word limit, as prescribed by the
CBSE board.
• Don’t hurry while mentioning the subject, salutation and
asserting the main case of the letter.
• Don’t hesitate to write the body of the letter into 3 paragraphs.
• Don’t try to be informal in tone and style while writing
because it reaches the wider public for a reason.
Format to be followed as per the CBSE board:
1. Sender’s address
………………..
………………….
……………………
---------------------------------------LB (Line Break)
2. Date
Alphanumerical
(26 February 2024)
---------------------------------------LB
3. Receiver’s Address
………………………
…………………………
……………………………
---------------------------------------LB
4. Subject: xxxxxxx (6/7 words with in context of content words and structural words)
-------------------------------------------LB
5. Salutation- Sir / Dear Sir Madam / Dear Madam
--------------------------------------------LB
6. Body of the Letter (3 paras)
1………………… ( Introductive)
------------------------------LB
2…………………. ( Main declaration)
-------------------------------LB
3…………………..( Conclusive)
---------------------------------LB
7. Yours sincerely / faithfully / truly

-------------------------------------------------LB
8. Signature
Name
(Designation)
The 'Subject' in a formal letter should contain the aim/ purpose of the letter.
it should be in brief (up to 8 words) written right after the word 'Subject', the
receiver should understand the purpose of the letter at a glance.

How to Write a Subject of a Letter?

The subject of the formal letter should be very brief (i.e. from 6 to 8 words).
It must be preceded by the word 'Subject:'
The receiver, through the subject, understands the purpose of the letter at a
glance.
Subject must be underlined. Ex: Subject: Placing an Order for Home
Appliances
Every subject should begin with first letter in capital.
All the Content Words (such as Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs) in a
subject should begin with a capital letter.
All the Structural Words (Articles, Auxiliaries, Prepositions, Conjunctions) in a
subject should begin with a small letter.
Subject Samples:

Subject: Placing an Order for the following

Subject: Regarding the requirement of New Books

Subject: Complaining on the Delivery of a Damaged Product

Subject: Regarding Installation of Street Lights in Our Area

Subject: Regarding the rectification of Damaged Roads

Subject: Business Enquiry for Bulk Purchase of Fabrics

Subject: Regarding the issue of Air Pollution

Subject: Complaining about Open Manholes

Subject: Offline Examinations in the midst of peak COVID

Sample:

You are a resident of Sivaji Nagar Mumbai. You are concerned about the increasing
number of road mishaps in your city. Write a letter to the editor of a local magazine
“Jan Chetna” highlighting the problem and suggesting measures to check the
problem. Imagine you are Sayeed/Sajeda.

Suggested Response :

Sivaji Nagar
Mumbai

10 January 2024

The Editor
Hindu
Mumbai
Subject: Drawing Attention towards the Road Mishaps

Sir
Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities regarding
the rising number of road mishaps in my city. The root-cause of these collisions appears to be irresponsible and hasty
driving.

Vehicle driving ethics have to be followed by all. They are not concerned regarding their wellbeing or the regulations of the
road. Another factor contributing to these collisions is the growth in the number of automobiles on the road. Particularly the
younger generation have to realize the code of traffic rules and they should not take driving for granted.

I hope the authorities will be more alert and initiate strict steps and take
stern action against lawbreakers, so that roads become a safe place for everyone who use them.

Yours truly

Sheikh Sajeda
(a concerned resident)
A Letter of Complaint

Complaint letters are written to the concerned authorities when you are not satisfied with
some service, or you have a problem that needs to be addressed. See that you write the letter
in a polite manner. The format of a complaint letter follows the format of a formal letter. To
write a complaint letter, you can start with the sender’s address followed by the date, the
receiver’s address, the subject, salutation, body of the letter, complimentary closing, signature
and name in block letters.

Tips:
1. Know the subject of your complaint
2. Your original expectation about the subject.
3. What went wrong.
4. Details of any attempts by the other party to put right the
problem, and why they did not work.
5. Why the fault or error or action affects you so greatly.
6. What compensation you seek.
Steps to Write an Effective Complaint Letter
1. Start with the facts and describe the factual occurrence
and steer clear of conclusions.
2. Use timelines concerning to a particular issue/ situation.
3. Minimize the emotion taken.
4. Describe the steps you took to correct the problem
personally.
5. Identify the rule of conduct or policy violation.
6. Name your desired outcome.
 Some good lines/phrases to be written in a
complaint letter

*I hope that you will deal with this matter promptly as it is causing me
considerable inconvenience.

*I feel/believe that I am entitled to a replacement/ refund… I demand

a full refund/an immediate replacement.

*I shall be forced to take legal action/ the matter further.

DOs
• It is important to remember while writing a complaint letter that
one can not dig anyone’s personal details into writing or into
public.
• Be precise to the point while complaining and know what exactly
you want rather than Beating around the Bush.
• Word Limit to be maintained.
• Ask for an appropriate solution which can be reverted ASAP.

DON’Ts
• Don’t hesitate to mention your complaint as per the requirement .
• Never be harsh at the mention of your complaint.
• Don’t be informal while writing although it is a complaint letter.
Format :
1. Sender’s address
………………..
………………….
……………………
---------------------------------------LB (Line Break)
2. Date
Alphanumerical
(26 February 2024)
---------------------------------------LB
3. Receiver’s Address
………………………
…………………………
……………………………
---------------------------------------LB
4. Subject: xxxxxxx (6/7 words with in context of content words and structural words)
-------------------------------------------LB
5. Salutation- Sir / Dear Sir Madam / Dear Madam
--------------------------------------------LB
6. Body of the Letter (3 paras)
1………………… ( Introductive)
------------------------------LB
2…………………. ( Main declaration)
-------------------------------LB
3…………………..( Conclusive)
---------------------------------LB
7. Yours sincerely / faithfully / truly

-------------------------------------------------LB
8. Signature
Name
(Designation)
Sample :

You are Ramesh of 50, Arjun Nagar, New Delhi. A number of scooters and cars are
parked in your locality without any order, causing blockage of the streets. Write a letter
to the local Secretary of the Resident’s Association complaining against this problem.

Suggested Response :

50, Arjun Nagar

New Delhi

11 January 2024

Secretary
Resident’s Association
New Delhi
Subject: Complaining against Improper Parking

Dear Sir

I would like to draw your attention to the improper parking habits of residents in our locality. It is resulting
in a lot of chaos and no place for parking for those who come back late.

Despite defining the area assigned to each vehicle, cars are parked amidst two parking spots. One vehicle
occupies the space for 2-3 vehicles leading to mismanagement. This creates problems for other people as
they have to then spend a lot of time finding parking spots in other localities. It induces tension for the
safety of vehicles.

Several warnings have been given to the rule-violators, but to our dismay, no betterment happened. I
request you to take strict action, considering the depth of the situation.

Yours sincerely

Ramesh
(a concerned citizen)
A Letter of Inquiry(Enquiry)
An Enquiry Letter is a formal letter that is prepared to get information about
anything about which the writer wants to learn more.

Tips for Enquiry Letter

The request letter needs to be created in an official manner.
The sender’s address, phone number, and email address must appear at the start
of the letter.
The letter of request has to provide every detail about the thing you are
requesting.
The date and address of the addressee must be included.
Don’t forget to start the letter with a salutation and finish it with your name,
signature, and title.
Must be concise and clearly written.
Enquiry Letter Format to be followed precisely.
 DOs
• Make sure, in many a time, an enquiry can be a personal and
individualistic.
• Be precise to what your are actually enquiring for.
• Be formal in tone while enquiring for a reason or cause.
• Ask for the required, may be, asking them to provide in a scheduled
time.

DON’Ts

• Never beat around the bush and be specific in while enquiring.

• Don’t be informal in nature and in tone while asserting for an enquiry.
• Don’t go beyond the word limit and take the word limit as prescribed by
the CBSE board.
 Format
1. Sender’s Address
2. Date
3. Address of the Addressee

4. Subject: Inquiry Regarding ……………………... (6 or 7 words)

5. Dear Sir/Madam (Salutation)

6. Body of the letter
1. Introduction to the subject
2. Elaborate on the subject /request/enquiry
3. Conclusion

7. Yours faithfully / Yours sincerely (Subscription)

Sender’s name
Sample :

You are Mansi / Manas of 308, Vikas Nagar Nainital, a student of class 10 and after
the board exams, you want to learn paragliding. Write a letter to the Director of High
Fly flying club seeking details of the course, fee, duration and other requirements.

Suggested Response :

308, Vikas Nagar

Nanital

12 January 2024

The Director
High Fly flying club
Subject: Enquiring about Paragliding Courses

Dear Sir

I came across your advertisement in the local newspaper regarding paragliding courses given by your
institution.

I am keen on learning paragliding after my class 10 board exams end. I always wanted to do something
out of the box and that’s where the thought to learn paragliding came to my mind. I want to know the
details of the courses, fee structure, duration, precautions to be taken, the certification of the courses
and their validity in and abroad. I would like to know about the stay of the students during the course. If
any Hostel Provision is there what would be the expenses?

Please provide the above information as early as possible. My contact number is 8889999222. My E-
mail ID is maahimanasi491@gmail.com.

Yours faithfully

Manas
(a student)
A Letter of Placing an Order

A Letter of Placing an order is a formal document that approves the purchase and sale of a product and
provides product specifications. It may also comprise order characteristics, product specifications,
quantity, color, product, mode of payment, and shipment/delivery date(s), among other things. Purchase
orders, or POs, are another term for order letters.

This letter is written in formal language. You must take special care to provide complete and accurate
information, as missing information results in delayed deliveries.

Tips for Placing an Order

1. The letter should be precise; no pep talk or informal conversation is required.
Your objectives must be properly understood and articulated.
2. The language should be simple and formal.
3. Make no errors in the essentials or numbers.
4. Inform the seller when you expect delivery and how you intend to pay the fee.
5. Jargon should be avoided.
6. Don’t be afraid to place your order, but remember to plan ahead of time.
7. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact the receiver.
8. Instead of a simple A4 page, order letters are frequently written on the company’s letterhead.
 DOs

• Be formal in tone and in communication

• Be specific to the point and mention what you want to order for as in the case
of Brand, color, type, cost and number.
• Try to mention everything required in a box so that the required is very clearly
visible.
• Before placing the order, make sure that address is very clearly mentioned.
• Ask for an order of particulars which are good in usability.

DON’Ts

• First and foremost thing is, to ask for expected discount on the order.
• Don’t forget to give a schedule date and time for the order to be dispatched.
• Don’t be informal in language.
Format
Writer’s address
Date
Ref. No. _________
The Manager
Name of company
Address of company

Subject
Dear Sir/Madam
Body of the letter

1. Reference to quotation dated

2. List of items to be ordered 3. Date on which delivery is required
4. Mode of payment 5. Items to be of standard quality and in good condition

Yours faithfully
Name
Designation
Sample :

You are Geetu, a resident of Giani Nagar, Amritsar. You have just shifted to this new
city and require a few furniture items and kitchen appliances for your house. Write a
letter of order to Home and More, Mall road, Amritsar placing an order for the same.

Suggested Response :

Giani Nagar
Amritsar

12 January 2024

The Sales Manager

Home and More
Mall Road
Amritsar
Subject: Placing an Order for house hold things

Sir

I am writing to you with regard to the telephone chat we had where we talked about the house
hold items that you sell. I would like to place an order to the listed items given below.
S.No Name of the item No. of items / Quantity Brand
1. Fans 4 Bajaj
2. Microwaves 1 LG
3. Dish Washer 1 LG
4. Geysers 1 Nova
5. Double door fridge 1 Godrej
Please send us all the products in a good shape, securely bound, and packaged by the end of the
month. Also send the bill at the time of delivery. As always we will first check the supplies and then
transfer the payment digitally. You would be liable for any damage that occurred during shipping.
We hope that we will get reasonable discount as we are your regular customers.

Yours sincerely

Geetu Ghosh
(a consumer)
Things to remember

Ordered items should be mentioned in a tabular form

Informing the made of payment
Asking for Reasonable Discount
Specifying to replace the damaged items if any
Analytical Paragraph

An analytical paragraph is a form of descriptive writing used to

test the analytical skills of students by providing them with a
hypothetical chart, graph, table, data etc. It requires an in-depth
comprehensive analysis of the given data. CBSE introduced the
concept of analytical passage in the writing section so as to
enhance the analytical and reasoning skills of the students. The
motive to write analytical paragraphs is to analyse and explain a
text or data and then describe it in simple and clear language.
Analytical writing should be lucid and crisp.
How does One Analyze Given Facts?

Analytical reading starts with finding and understanding a

main idea, and then considers the validity of that main idea
by studying its parts, to see how logically those parts fit
together.
Key Characteristics of an Analytical Paragraph

It should be brief; around 100-120 words.

It should be precise and well directed.
Clear and crisp language should be implemented.
The entire paragraph should be written using a single
tense.
It should clearly portray the stated facts.
The use of first-person pronouns should be omitted.
Features of an Analytical Paragraph:
• It describes the given chart, table, data, graph, cues etc.
• It should be brief and comprehensive but at the same time,
include complete information.
• It should state the facts that are provided.
• It should have simple and accurate language.
• It should mention figures and quantities appropriately.
• It should use the same tense throughout, as far as possible.
• It should not provide any personal observation or response.
• It should preferably use the passive form of the verb.
Points to Remember:
• We must not include any personal opinions, conclusions or
observations but simply stick to the facts.
• We must choose wisely the important information, organize it well, state
the correct facts and summarize it properly.
• For introduction, we can start with phrases such as The chart given
above describes…/The given table suggests…/ The line graph shows…/
The data given provides information about…/ The pie chart illustrates…,
etc.
• For body of the paragraph, we should organize the information well. We
should look for the large differences that are very prominent. We can
mention the aspect which is the smallest or the largest in the data given.
Any aspect that is similar should be mentioned next. We should further
mention about the aspect that has remained unchanged or is constant
throughout.
If the chart or table mentions two different groups, we should refer to
both of them in the paragraph. If there is any contrast or comparison
that could be drawn, we must present it effectively. If the chart is
about a particular time period or highlights trends of several years, we
should mention about each year in a concise manner. If any
comparison or contrast can be made for two or more years, we should
write about that too.

For describing the pattern of growth, we can use words and phrases
like-‘rapidly doubled’, ‘skyrocketed’, ‘striking increase’, ‘peaked’,
‘soared’, ‘declined’, ‘plummeted’, ‘leveled off’, ‘stagnated’,
‘fluctuating’, ‘starting to rise’, ‘starting to fall’, ‘drop down’, ‘slightly’,
etc.
Mentioning Quantities: When including numbers and figures, the
accuracy must be ensured. Quantities can be described in a number of
ways, such as percentage, fraction, ratios etc. For describing quantities,
we can also use words and phrases like ‘one-third of’, ‘nearly one-fourth
of’, ‘majority’, ‘on an average’, ‘twice as much’, ‘almost equal’, ‘the
highest’, ‘the lowest’, ‘approximately’, etc.

For establishing relationship or contrast, we can make use of words

and phrases like- ‘similarly’, ‘in contrast with’, ‘ in comparison to’,
‘however’, ‘whereas’, ‘as opposed to’, ‘while’, ‘a striking difference’, ‘a
noticeable difference’, etc. • For conclusion, we may use words and
phrases like ‘overall’, ‘subsequently’, ‘in all’, ‘in a nutshell’, ‘in short’,
‘therefore’, etc.
Types of Analytical Paragraphs
Data-oriented
Here, the class 10 students would be required to carefully comprehend and analyze the information that is
presented in the form of graphs, pie-chart or a table. The students would do the comparative analysis and
draw a conclusion from it.

Map-oriented
Here two maps with considerable differences would be provided. One has to meticulously analyze the
variations and finally summarize them in the form of a paragraph.

Information-oriented
This revolves around comprehending and processing the provided information that is presented as input
and eventually describing it in the form of a paragraph.

Problem-oriented
Here a problem would be depicted and students would be required to think rationally and suggest some
solution based on some logic backed by data.
Process description oriented
The information is given in the form of a flow chart, diagram, or infographic. Again the student has to
carefully analyse the information and well summarize it in the form of the passage.
Format of an Analytical Paragraph

The content should be well summarized and should comprise the following components:
Introduction
This should well direct and explain briefly the principle content that is highlighted in the
graph or table. It should be no more than two or three lines.
Body
It focuses on the key areas of the information/data that is given in the question asked by
CBSE. It clearly portrays the significance of the graph. The following requirements should be
covered as part of the body:
It should be well presented
Can divide it into sub-paragraphs; breaking the body facilitates comprehension for the
reader
Use simple and clear language
Explain the graph/diagram in detail
Highlight the comparisons and variations observed using appropriate words
If mentioning numbers and figures, their accuracy must be ensured. The sentences should
be rationally framed and connected
Conclusion

It should cover the entire summary of the given chart, graph, or diagram. This is the closing
paragraph, so should be concluding in nature.
The analytical paragraph in general has to be written in around 100-120 words. It should manage to
provide a detailed account of the chart given. The entire paragraph must implement crisp and lucid
language. An internal choice is generally given i.e, the grade 10 students are supposed to attempt
one question out of the two questions of Analytical paragraphs that are asked in the CBSE English
examination.
The question usually carries 5 marks

NOTE:

• Use simple and lucid language

• To depict the comparisons, variations and withdraw the conclusion implement functional language
• Do proofread to avoid any grammatical and structural errors
• Present the factual information in the best possible manner
• Try to cover every little piece of information that is provided by the charts/diagrams/graphs etc.
 Analytical Paragraph- Table & Graph

Tables and graphs are visual representations of data used to

organize information to show patterns and relationships.

Researchers and scientists often use tables and graphs to report

findings from their research.
Tips
1. Read the question and identify key information.
2. Paraphrase the question and the title of the graph to
give an overview.
3.Describe the numeric data from left to the right
referring to the change in variable.
4.Note key events and their effect on the variables.
5.Include the numbers in your paragraph.
 Writing an Analytical Paragraph – Table
• Study the rows and columns properly.
• Carefully analyse the provided information.
• Try to comprehend the literal and surface meaning of the data given
in form of numbers and figures.
• The facts and data should be accurate.
• Follow a sequential and logical pattern while writing the content.
• Use simple and lucid language.
• To depict the comparisons, variations and withdraw the conclusion
implement functional language.
• Do proofread to avoid any grammatical and structural errors.
• Present the factual information in the best possible manner.
Study the following table and write an analytical paragraph in about 100-120 words.

Year – Wise Percentage of Attendance in Senior Secondary Schools in India

Types of Schools in Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of

India Attendance Attendance Attendance Attendance

Year 2000 2005 2010 2015

Government Schools 62% 68% 70% 78%

(in City)

Government Schools 24% 28% 32% 44%

(in Villages)

General English Medium 52% 49% 54% 59%

Schools

Convent-Run Schools 80.5% 82% 84% 89%

Suggested Response :
The cited table shows the steady increase in the year-wise percentage of
attendance in four different types of senior secondary schools in India. It is
recorded with the gap of every 5 years from the year 2000 to 2015. The
attendance in convent-run schools is much higher compared to that of the other
three. Initially, the village schools underperformed, while the General English
Medium schools showed less percentage of attendance compared to the
Convent-run schools. The poor attendance in the year 2010 in the Government-
run village schools shows a big leap in 2015, indicating that the Government is
being proactive. Noteworthy attendance in convent-run schools indicates the
solid infrastructure and the corresponding authorities’ focus. All in all, there is
the continuous increase in the percentage of attendance.
Steps in Writing an Analytical Paragraph
on Bar-graph:
Step 1: Compare groups. Look for differences in the
heights of the bars. The bars show the values for
the groups.

Step 2: Compare groups within groups. Compare bars

within the clusters or stacks to understand the
proportions of subcategories within each main
group.
DOs
• Try to read through the graph given on par with the information given.
• Once the information given is comprehended, try to go with procedure
of compare, contrasts with what is provided.
• Use some cohesive devises while writing the paragraph after your
analyzation.
• Try to keep the word limit of the paragraph, irrespective of the subject
taken.
• While writing a paragraph, be introductive, and concluding in tone,
though written in a single paragraph.
DON’Ts

Never go beyond the word limit.

Don’t write the analytical paragraph into 3 paragraphs.
Don’t go for spelling mistakes, striking's, and the use of color
pens or highlighters for the beautiful presentations.
Don’t be very elaborative and mention the facts specifically.
Don’t rush through, while analyzing the information from the
graph.
Sample

Study the chart given below, which is the result of the survey
conducted in the public schools and government schools of
Lucknow. This depicts the types of activities the teenagers
(Age 13- 19 years) are involved during their leisure time.
Complete the summary in about 100-120 words.
Suggested Response :

Teenagers and leisure time: Now a days the teenagers are more techno-savvy
than the children used to be ten years back. They do not play games like Ludo,
Carrom, Chess and other indoor games. 9-18 % of boys and girls in the age
group of 13-19 years possess their own cell phones. In the survey conducted
recently on some 2000 students of two leading schools- one government and
the other a public school, the following facts were revealed. While the students
from public schools spend more of their leisure time in net-surfing and talking
on cell phones, the government school students spend it in watching TV and
talking to their friends.
 Analytical Paragraph- Pie chart

• The “pie chart” is also known as a “circle chart”, dividing the

circular statistical graphic into sectors or sections to illustrate
the numerical problems.
Each sector denotes a proportionate part of the whole.

• To read a pie chart, you must consider the area, arc length,
and angle of every slice. Because it can be hard to compare
the slices, meaningful organization is key. Slices in a pie
chart should be organized in a coherent way, usually the
biggest to smallest, to make it easier for the user to
interpret.
 DOs

• Try to read through the chart given on par with the information
given.
• Once the information given is comprehended, try to go with
procedure of compare, contrasts.
• Use some cohesive devises while writing the paragraph after
your analyzation.
• Try to keep the word limit of the paragraph, irrespective of the
subject given.
• While writing a paragraph, be introductive, and concluding in
tone, though written in a single paragraph.
DON’Ts

• NEVER go beyond the word limit.

• Don’t write the analytical paragraph into 3 paragraphs.

• Don’t go for spelling mistakes, striking's, and the use of color pens
or highlighters for the beautiful presentations.

• Don’t be very elaborative and mention the facts specifically

• Don’t rush through, while analyzing the information from the graph.
Sample
• The pie chart shows the proportion of people from different
households living in poverty in the UK in 2002. Write an analytical
paragraph to describe the information in 100-120 words.
Suggested Response :
• The given pie chart illustrates seven different categories of households living
in poverty in the UK in 2002. It is clearly evident from the pie chart that 26%
of the total poverty-stricken households are those of sole parents. Single
people without children account for the second highest proportion with 24%.
In contrast to couples without children that accounts for just 9%, couples
with children account for 15% of the poor households. Single aged persons
and aged couples proportion for 12% together for poor households. Overall,
14% of all households in the UK were living under poverty. The younger
generation had a greater poor percentage than their aged counterparts.
Couples without children had better economic conditions than those with
children.
Analytical Paragraph- Map
A material and graphical support that tries to make evident and
easy to identify patterns and trends about a domain. It consists of
digital processing of data and its rendering in visual form. It is a tool
for research and study.

Some easy steps in writing an analytical paragraph on map

1. Analyze the question
2. Identify the main features
3. Write an introduction
4. Write an overview
5. Write the details paragraphs
DOs
• Try to read through the graph given accurately.
• Once the information given is comprehended, try to go with
procedure of compare, contrasts.
• Use some cohesive devises while writing the paragraph after
your analyzation.
• Try to keep the word limit of the paragraph, irrespective of the
subject given.
• While writing a paragraph, be introductive, and concluding in
tone, though written in a single paragraph.
DON’Ts
NEVER go beyond the word limit.

Don’t write the analytical paragraph into 3 paragraphs.

Don’t go for spelling mistakes, strikings, and the use of color pens or
highlighters for the beautiful presentations.

Don’t be very elaborative and mention the facts specifically.

Don’t rush through, while analyzing the information from the graph.
Sample
• The maps below show the village of Stokeford in 1930 and 2010.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main
features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Suggested Response :

The two maps illustrate how the village of Stokeford, situated on the east bank of the River
Stoke, has changed over an 80 year period from 1930 to 2010. There was a considerable
development of the settlement over these years and it was gradually transformed from a small
rural village into a largely residential area. The most notable change is the presence of housing
in 2010 in the area that was farmland bank in 1930. New roads were constructed on this land
and many residential properties were built. In response to the considerable increase in
population, the primary school was extended to around double the size of the previous building.
Whilst the post office remained as a village amenity, the two shops that can be seen to the
north-west of the school in 1930, no longer existed by 2010, having been replaced by houses.
There also used to be an extensive property, standing in its own large gardens, situated to the
south-east of the school. At some time, between 1930 and 2010, this was extended and
converted into a retirement home. This was another significant transformation for the village.
 Analytical Paragraph- Report
• In a nutshell, analytical report uses textual evidence to support the
author's claims and main points by utilizing logic and facts rather than
relying on sentimental appeals and personal narratives.

Best approaches to take on:

• Take your stance on a topic.
• Draft your thesis statement.
• Gather data from outside sources.
• Outline and structure your essay.
• Write your paragraph after analyzation.
DOs

• Try to read through the graph given on par with the information given.
• Once the information given is comprehended, try to go with
procedure of compare, contrasts.
• Use some cohesive devises while writing the paragraph after your
analyzation.
• Try to keep the word limit of the paragraph, irrespective of the subject
given.
• While writing a paragraph, be introductive, and concluding in tone,
though written in a single paragraph.
DON’Ts
• NEVER go beyond the word limit.
• Don’t write the analytical paragraph into 3 paragraphs.
• Don’t go for spelling mistakes, striking's, mistakes in
punctuations and the use of color pens or highlighters for the
beautiful presentations.
• Don’t be very elaborative and mention the facts specifically
• Don’t rush through, while analyzing the information from the
graph.
 Sample
Given below is a report given by an editor on the unavailability of petrol in the state
Telangana. Now write a paragraph, in about 100-120 words, analyzing the information
given.

G Vinay Kumar, President of the Telangana State Petrol Dealers Association, brings a
dose of optimism to the current situation. “Everything is now back to normal, and
there is no need to worry. People do not have to panic anymore,” he stated. Kumar’s
reassuring words bring relief to Hyderabad residents, indicating that the challenges
faced during the protest are now behind them. He added, “Petrol pumps are now
waiting for customers.” Hyderabad residents, who were previously prompted to alter
their daily routines due to fuel concerns, can now resume normal activities without
the panic that arose during the protest period yesterday. The initial scarcity, marked by
long queues and increased traffic congestion, prompted significant disruption. Tuesday
saw long and serpentine queues of anxious motorists which caused significant
disruptions in traffic in several parts of the city and suburbs.
Suggested Response :
The given report speaks volumes of commotion that happened in the
Telangana state due to the strike observed by the petrol dealers. It begins
with a positive note that everything is back to normalcy. Mr. Vinay Kumar
president of TS Petrol Dealer’s association had confirmed that the Gas filling
stations were awaited for their customers. It was even clear that the daily
routine of Hyderabad citizens has no more disturbance. It seems that the
panic stricken citizens lined up in long and serpentine queues, due to scarcity
of fuel, which was explained in a picturesque manner. There occurred traffic
congestion causing interruption. Petrol pumps are personified. In a nut shell
the report is positive and instills confidence in the minds of public thoroughly.
(123 words)
 Analytical paragraph- SWOT ANALYSIS

To create a standard SWOT analysis, draw a box and separate it

into four squares. Each square will contain one of the SWOT topics:
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of a situation.
Use the squares to make your lists under the different categories.
Tips

Step 1: Determine Your Objective. A SWOT analysis can be

broad, though more value will likely be generated if the
analysis is pointed directly at an objective.
Step 2: Gather Resources. ...
Step 3: Compile Ideas. ...
Step 4: Refine Findings. ...
Step 5: Develop the Strategy.
DOs

Try to read through the SWOT given on par with the information
given.
Once the information given is comprehended, try to go with
procedure of compare, contrasts.
Use some cohesive devises while writing the paragraph after your
analyzation.
Try to keep the word limit of the paragraph, irrespective of the
subject given.
While writing a paragraph, be introductive, and concluding in tone,
though written in a single paragraph.
When it comes to SWOT analysis, you should decide whether to
write a paragraph in support or against.
DON’Ts
NEVER go beyond the word limit.
Don’t write the analytical paragraph into 3 paragraphs.
Don’t go for spelling mistakes, striking's, and the use of color pens or
highlighters for the beautiful presentations.
Don’t be very elaborative and mention the facts specifically
Don’t rush through, while analyzing the information from the graph.
Don’t plan your analytical paragraph in both ways like support of the
decision and against the decision instead write only one way response.
SAMPLE

Miss Anne is an aspiring start up business woman. She wants

to establish a Nursery school in her city.
She is equipped with good knowledge and wants to serve the
society by establishing a kinder Garten school.
Write a paragraph in about 100-120 words, analysing her
SWOT notes to support your stand on whether she should
implement the idea /not.
 STRENGTHS
1. Highly educated Popular in locality
2. Financially sound
3. Own building
4. Mentor for many educational
institutions.
OPPORTUNITIES
1. Potential area with high salaried people.
2. Availability of public transports
3. Area expansion possible in future.
4. No other Nursery schools nearby.
WEAKNESSES
1. Delay in getting permission
2. Lack of public security
3. Highly congested area
THREATS
1. Risk of hygiene maintenance
2. Accident prone locality
3. Owning old building
4. Excessive sound pollution area
Suggested Response :

In support of the decision:

The given SWOT data of Miss Anne reveals that she is a woman with all the
potential, being a high end literate, had good social access. Apart from that she is
affluent, owns a building. Her work experience is commendable. Miss Anne’s
employees are good at hand on experience. She has access to transportation.
Business expansion scope is assured. The possible hindrance could be to get
permission from the government. Location is congested and low security too. But it
is manageable. The possible threats are the building is an old one, needs
renovation. She can take traffic police help for smooth dispersal. Noise pollution can
be checked through public awareness programs. To sum up there are many
possibilities for Miss Anne to go ahead with her noble idea.

OR
Against the decision:

The given SWOT notes of Miss Anne reveals that she has all positive
points that would definitely support her to implement the idea of
establishing a kindergarten school. She has good education and
experience. She is also equipped with good number of employees and
her own building. She even had the opportunity of good transportation
and no competitors. But dealing with government to get the permit for
small kid’s school is not that easy. There will be many objections
regarding security and maintenance. The area is congested and prone
to accidents. It would be quite a challenge continuously. The old
buildings will be always a threat for the security of the kids. Hence it is
suggested that Miss Anne should review her decision.
Analytical Paragraph- Line Graph
Analyzing data presented in charts or graphs allows you to visually
interpret and understand the information. It can help you identify trends,
patterns, and relationships within the data, make comparisons between
different sets of data, and draw conclusions based on the visual
representation.

Best way to Interpret a line graph

A line graph, also known as a line chart or a line plot, is commonly
drawn to show information that changes over time. You can plot it by
using several points linked by straight lines. It comprises two axes
called the “x-axis” and the “y-axis“.
DO’s

• Try to read through the graph given on par with the information
given.
• Once the information given is comprehended, try to go with the
procedure of compare, contrasts.
• Use some cohesive devises while writing the paragraph after your
analyzation.
• Try to keep the word limit of the paragraph, irrespective of the
subject given.
• While writing a paragraph, be introductive, and concluding in tone,
though written in a single paragraph.
 DON’Ts
• NEVER go beyond the word limit.

• Don’t write the analytical paragraph into 3 paragraphs.

• Don’t go for spelling mistakes, striking's, and the use of color pens
or highlighters for the beautiful presentations.

• Don’t be very elaborative and mention the facts specifically

• Don’t rush through, while analyzing the information from the graph.
Sample:
Critically analyze the line graph given below and
write down your conclusions of it in a paragraph.
Suggested Response :

U.K Influenza: The cited graph illustrates how many people from the
age of 65 and above were reported to have contracted influenza in a
particular village in the UK from 1985 to 1995. Overall, the number of
cases of elderly people with influenza increased over the period given.
The highest number of people with the illness can be seen in 1991. In
1985, the number of cases of influenza stood at 40 and then rose
steadily over the next three years to reach 55 in 1987. In the following
year, 1988, the figure dipped slightly to below 50 after which it rose
significantly to reach a high of 75 in 1991. From 1991, there was a
decrease to about 60 in 1993 of the number of reported cases of
influenza. From this point, except for a slight increase of about 5 cases,
the number remained at about 60 at the end of the period.
THAT’S ALL FOR TODAY
HAPPY LEARNING
ALL THE BEST