Kuleshwar Research M.sc.

CHAPTER-I
INTRODUCTION
“HEALTH IS WEALTH AND LET OUR CHILDREN ENJOY GOOD HEALTH

WITH GOOD EDUCATION, BETTER HEALTH WITH BETTER EDUCATION
AND BEST HEALTH WITH BEST EDUCATION”(WHO)
Coronary artery disease is an obstructed blood flow through the coronary arteries to
the heart muscles. The primary cause of coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis.
The term acute coronary syndrome is used to encompass the continuum of coronary
artery disease. Acute coronary syndromes describe the manifestation of coronary
artery disease, such as unstable angina, non -ST elevation myocardial infarction, and
ST elevation if blood flow reduction resulting from coronary artery disease is severe
and prolonged, myocardial infarction (MI, heart attack) can occur, causing in reversible
damage, Coronary artery disease is most prevalent type of cardiovascular disease in
adults.
Coronary artery disease should now be considered an important public health problem
due to epidemiological transition characterized by changing lifestyles and a problem
related to interplay of factors with regards to their existence, casualty and attributes.
The epidemiological factors like ageing and changing lifestyles, which culminate in
an epidemic of non-communicable disease is rapidly occurring in the developing
countries. Coronary artery disease, is also called Coronary arteriosclerosis, Coronary
atherosclerosis. Coronary artery disease is the most common type of heart disease. It
is the leading cause of death in the United States in both men and women. Coronary
artery disease happens when the arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become
hardened and narrowed. This is due to the build-up of cholesterol and other material,
called plaque, on their inner walls. This build up is called atherosclerosis. Coronary
artery disease grows less blood can flow through the arteries. As a result, the heart
muscle can't get the blood or oxygen it needs. This can lead to chest pain (angina) or a
heart attack. Most heart attacks happen when a blood clot suddenly cuts off the hearts
blood supply, causing permanent heart damage over time, coronary artery disease can
also weaken the heart muscle and contribute to heart failure and Arrhythmias. Heart
failure means the heart can't pump blood well to the rest of the body. Arrhythmias are
changes in the normal beating rhythm of the heart.
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According To Lewis's Chintamani" Coronary artery disease also known as ischemic
heart disease atherosclerotic heart disease, atherosclerotic, cardiovascular disease.
Coronary artery disease is the group of disease that includes angina pectoris,
atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction and lead to sudden death. “Hippocrates”
According To Brunner and Siddhartha's" A narrowing of the coronary arteries that

prevents adequate blood supply to the heart muscles is called coronary artery disease.
Usually caused by atherosclerosis, it may progress to the point where the heart
muscles are damaged due to lack of blood supply. Such damage may result in
infarction, arrhythmias, and heart failure In India, prevalence cases of cardiovascular
disease increased in India from 25.7million (95%U125.1-26.0) in 1990 to 54.5 million
(53.7-55.3) in 2016. In Chhattisgarh, less developed In Chhattisgarh, the prevalence
of the disease in C.G. varied between 3,000 and 4,000 per 1,000,000 populations. In
durg, recent study was undertaken at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Hospital,
Bhilai, Dist Durg, Chhattisgarh, India between the period of September-2010
September 2012 (2years) 120 cases of coronary artery disease were studies out of
which 60 cases are diabetic and 60 cases are non-diabetic coronary artery disease.
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Coronary heart disease is a disease of the heart and coronary arteries caused by the
build up of fatty materials in the blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen. This
can cause a heart attack, chest pain or angina. Cerebro vascular Disease, which
includes cerebro vascular accident/stroke and transient ischemic attack, is responsible
for the deaths of more than 4,000 people in Scotland every year. A stroke happens
when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted and the brain cells are starved
of oxygen. This usually occurs because a blood vessel becomes blocked. Stroke is
more common in older people.
According to Ahmad N, Bhopal R, et al, (2005) Coronary artery disease should now
be considered an important public health problem due to epidemiological transition
characterized by changing lifestyles and a problem related to interplay of factors with
regards to their existence. Casualty and attributes.
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According to Gupta R, et al, (2003) the epidemiological factors like ageing and
changing lifestyles, which culminate in an epidemic of non-communicable disease, is
rapidly occurring in the developing countries.
According to Medline, et al. (2010) coronary artery disease is also called Coronary
arteriosclerosis. Coronary artery disease is the most common type of heart disease. It
is the leading cause of death in the United States in both men and women. Coronary
artery disease happens when the arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become
hardened and narrowed. This is due to the build-up of cholesterol and other material,
called plaque, on their inner walls. This build-up is called atherosclerosis. As it grows,
less blood can flow through the arteries. As a result, the heart muscle can't get the
blood or oxygen it needs. This can lead to chest pain (angina) or a heart attack. Most
heart attacks happen when a blood clot suddenly cuts off the hearts blood supply,
causing permanent heart damage. Over time coronary artery disease can also weaken
the heart muscle and contribute to heart failure and arrhythmias. Heart failure means
the heart can't pump blood well to the rest of the body. Arrhythmias are changes in the
normal beating rhythm of the heart.
According to WHO Report, et al, (2010) An estimated 17 million people die of

cardio vascular disease. Particularly heart attacks and strokes, every year. A
substantial number of these deaths can be attributed to tobacco smoking, which
increases the risk of dying from coronary heart disease and cerebro vascular disease
2-3 fold. Physical inactivity and unhealthy diet are other main risk factors which
increase individual risks to cardio vascular diseases.
According to Reddy SS, Prabhu GR, et al, (2005) Indians have the highest rates of
coronary artery disease all over the world. It is 2-4 times higher at all ages and 5-10
times higher in those below 40 years of age. The excess burden of coronary artery
disease in Indians is due to combination of nature and nurture. Due to industrialization
and changing feature of socio-economic scenario, the incidences of coronary artery
disease are rising in the developing countries as well prevalence of coronary artery
disease in India is 3 to 4 fold higher than in America and Europe.
According to Enas, senthil Kumar A, et al, (2001) According to existing

knowledge. Coronary artery disease epidemics are essentially preventable. For
example, coronary artery disease mortality has fallen one-third to one-half in the last
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three coronary artery diseases in majority of developed countries. The reasons for the
accelerated decline in coronary artery disease mortality from 1980-1990 were
analysed. They found that 25 % of the decline was due to primary prevention, 29 %
due to secondary prevention and 43 % was due to improvements in treatments of
patients. This demonstrates that modification of risk factors related to lifestyle in the
entire nation, rather than advances in management of few with overt coronary artery
disease is largely responsible for dramatic decline of coronary artery disease mortality
in the developed countries. This is clear proof that the average of coronary artery
disease reduced with appropriate measures.
According to Bedi, et al, (2005) An increasing number of Indians, even among the
younger age groups are prone to get heart diseases due to their health damaging
lifestyle.
NEED OF THE STUDY
Recently a lot of coronary artery disease has been observed in India and Chhattisgarh.
Coronary artery disease is a dangerous disease so prevention is very important.
Along with being coronary artery disease, it is also associated with many
diseases. This can lead to death and a long hospital stay. Along with this, it also
causes heart attack, so it is more important to rescue as soon as possible. The disease
has been studied in the age group of 40 to 60 years. But at present this disease is also
being seen in the age group of 30 years.
The main objective is to find the address of the person who is interested in it. With
increasing age, this disease and severity is seen. This can be due to sedentary lifestyle
and wrong eating habits. A lot is being seen in a man as compared to a woman. There
is a lot of current epidemiologic evidence suggesting a great age of coronary artery
disease since birth. A lot of research has been initiated to prevent coronary artery
disease. Who has appreciated its prevention. Knowledge surveys are effective in
providing a baseline for evaluating intervention programs. So the researcher selected
this study. This will increase the knowledge of the patients.
The present study was undertaken at ChandulalChandrakar Memorial Hospital,

Bhilai , Dist. Durg, Chhattisgarh, India between the periods of September-2010,
September-2012 (2 years). 120 cases of coronary artery disease were studied, out of
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which 60 cases are coronary artery disease and 60 cases are non-diabetic coronary
artery disease. Sample is drawn by simple random technique. The result of the study
shows committee. A healthy lifestyle may prevent over 80% of cases of coronary
artery disease, 50% of ischemic strokes, 80% of sudden cardiac deaths, and 72% of
premature deaths related to heart disease. In other words, a healthy lifestyle is a good
investment in a longer, healthier life.
According to WHO Report, et al, (2003)
In today's world, most According to deaths are attributable to non communicable

diseases, 32 million and just over half of these, 16.7 million are as a result of coronary
heart disease. More than one third of these deaths occur in middle aged adults. In
developed countries heart disease is the first cause of death for adult men and women.
According to GafferA, Reddy KS, Singhi M, et al, (2006)
In 2020, India will have the largest cardiovascular burden in the world and among
Indians coronary heart diseases tend to occur earlier in life than in any other ethnic
group.
According to Banerjee K, et al, (2006) Cross- sectional studies in India revealed

that mortality attributed to cardiovascular disease in expected to rise by 100% in men
and 90% in women between 1985 and 2015. It would not be wrong to say that
coronary artery disease among Indians occurs earlier in life and that the mortality
rates are high. Cardiologists around the world are supporting these facts.
Hence it motivated to assess the knowledge regarding coronary artery disease among
the college students.
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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
“A Study to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge

regarding prevention of coronary artery disease Among Students in Selected arts
Colleges of Durg, (C.G.)”
OBJECTIVES
1. To assess the pre - test and post - test knowledge regarding prevention of coronary
artery disease Among Students in Selected Arts Colleges of Durg. (C.G.)
2. To assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding

prevention of coronary artery disease among Students in Selected Arts Colleges of
Durg. (C.G.).
3. To find out the association between level of pre-test knowledge score with their
selected socio demographic variables.
HYPOTHESIS
HI: There will be significant difference in the pre-test and post-test on level of
knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease Among Students in
Selected Arts Colleges of Durg, (C.G.)
H2: There will be significant association between the pre-test level of knowledge
regarding prevention of coronary artery disease with selected demographic variable.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
Assess: -It is an organized, systematic and continuous process of collecting data from
students regarding Coronary artery disease with their prevention.
Effectiveness: -Effectiveness is the capability of producing a desired result or the

ability to produce desired output.
Video assessed Teaching: - In this study , Video assessed Teaching refers to

systematically developed instructional programme using instructional aids designed to
provide information on the prevention of Coronary Artery Disease .
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Knowledge: -In this study knowledge refers to student's awareness regarding
Coronary Artery Disease and its prevention.
Coronary Artery Disease: -Coronary Artery Disease (CORONARY ARTERY

DISEASE) defined as acute or chronic form of cardiac disability arising from
imbalance between myocardial supply and demand for oxygenated blood . Prevention
of Coronary artery disease can be done by modification of risk factors in healthy way.
ASSUMPTIONS
Video assisted teaching will enhance the knowledge on prevention of Coronary artery
disease Among Students in Selected Colleges of Durg. (C.G.)
DELIMITATIONS
1. Sample size is delimited to 60 arts students.
2. The study was delimited in 4 week.
3. The study was delimited in selected arts college Durg, Chhattisgarh.
PROJECTED OUTCOME
Video assisted teaching will improve the knowledge regarding coronary artery disease
this will promote the practice, and free from complications.
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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
J.W.KENNEY’S OPEN SYSTEM MODEL
This study was based on J.W. Kenney’s open system model. All living
systems are open. In this system, there is a continue exchange of matter, energy and
environment.
Open systems have varying degrees of interaction with the environment from
which the system receives input and gives back output in the form of matter, energy
and information. The main concept of the open system model is input, throughput,
output and feedback.
Input:
In open system theory, Input refers to matter, energy and intimation that enter
in the system through its boundary.
The investigator assesses the demographic variables prior to pre-test knowledge

Colleges of Durg, (C.G.). In this study the input indicates that video assisted teaching
on regarding prevention of coronary artery disease Among Students in Selected arts
Colleges of Durg, (C.G.).
Throughput:
 Through put refers to processing where the system transforms energy, matter and
information. In this study, throughput refers to process of gaining knowledge the
Colleges of Durg, (C.G.).
Output
After processing input, the system returns output to the environment in an

altered state. Here, the output denotes the post-test which was conducted and the
result was categorized in three degrees such as,
 Poor knowledge
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 Average adequate knowledge
 Good knowledge
Feedback:
The feedback refers to the environment responses to the system’s output used
by the system in adjustment, correction and accommodation to the interaction with the
environment. In this study, feedback refers to the arts students those who had
inadequate and moderate level of knowledge, was given video assisted teaching on
regarding prevention of coronary artery disease and the output was evaluated again.
This is not carried out in this study.
SUMMARY – This chapter deal with the introduction which explains the important
aspects of the study, statement of the problem, and need for the study, which is the
background of the study. The following chapter gives idea of the hypothesis and the
conceptual framework used for the study.
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INPUT
THROUGHPUT
OUT PUT
Demographic variable of
the arts students
PHASE II
1. Age in year
PHASE I
2. Gender
3. Religion Good
4. dietary habit PRE-TEST POST-TEST knowledge
5. Previous knowledge
regarding (0-20)
prevention of Assess the
coronary artery Administer of Assess the knowledge
disease knowledge with video assisted with structure Average
6. Source of knowledge structure teaching on questionnaire knowledge
regarding knowledge regarding prevention
questionnaire
prevention of regarding the of coronary artery (21-30)
regarding disease among the
coronary artery prevention of
disease prevention of coronary arts students
Poor
7. Occupation coronary artery artery disease
DAY-7 knowledge
8. Type of family disease among the DAY- 1
(31-60)
arts students
Feed back
FIG.NO. 1: MODIFIED CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK BASED ON J.W. KENNY’S OPEN SYSTEM MODEL (1969)
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CHAPTER - II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents a review of literature related to the present study, the
review helped the investigator to develop a deeper insight into the problem and gain
information on what is already known about it.
According to Polit and Hungler Review of literature is a systematic search of

literature to gain information about a research topic.
According to Basavanthappa B.T, "Review of literature is a systemic identification.

Selection, location, security and summary of written material that contain information
on research problem".
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The reviews related to the study are carried out on the following headings,
 Studies related to knowledge on coronary artery disease

 Studies related to structured teaching programme on prevention of coronary
artery disease
Studies related to knowledge on Coronary artery disease
According to Faraz Kureshi et al, (2014) Conducted a study to assess the

perceptions of patients with stable coronary artery disease of the urgency and
benefits of elective percutaneous coronary intervention. The samples were 991
patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing elective percutaneous
coronary intervention. Although nearly two thirds of patients (n=661) reported
improvement of symptoms as a benefit of Percutaneous coronary intervention (site
range 52-87%), only 1% (n=9) identified this as the only benefit. The study
concluded that patients have a poor understanding of the benefits of elective
percutaneous coronary intervention, with significant variation across sites. These
findings suggest that hospital level interventions into the structure and processes of
obtaining informed consent for percutaneous coronary intervention might improve
patient comprehension and understanding.
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According to Mamta Choudhary et al, (2014) conducted a study which attempted
to quantify knowledge regarding preventive measures of Coronary Artery disease
among patients attending outpatient department of selected hospital of Ludhiana city.
Information was collected from 150 patients attending medical and surgical
outpatient department who were not diagnosed with any of heart disease. The result
revealed that only 15.33% of subjects had good level of knowledge, and 84.67%
subject had poor level of knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease.
The highest mean knowledge score of 14.55+0.65 was in the age group of 41-50
years.
The study recommends the need of awareness raising program regarding preventive
measures of coronary artery disease to decrease the burden of such devastating
disease.
According to Guoxin Tong et al, (2013) Conducted study on Common variants in

adiponectin gene is associated with coronary artery disease and angiographic severity
of coronary atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. This study investigated whether
common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene influenced plasma
adiponectin level and whether they were associated with the risk of coronary artery
disease and its angiographic severity in type 2 diabetes in Chinese population. The
severity and extent of coronary atherosclerosis were assessed using the angiographic
Gensini score and Sullivan Extent score. Haplotypes analysis revealed different
haplotype distributions in case and control subjects (P =0.0003), with two common
haplotypes GGG and GAG of the rs266729, rs182052, and 1501299. Being associated
in heterozygotes with a greater than threefold increase in cardiovascular risk.
Charles T. Upchurch, Eugene J. Barrett et al, (2012) conducted a study on review

of bibliographies of professional coronary artery disease screening guidelines, review
articles, and clinical trials published within the last 10 year, although they have
included relevant older studies. Screening for coronary ischemia or atherosclerosis
does provide incremental prognostic information in patients with and previously
undiagnosed coronary artery disease. This has not been found to significantly impact
outcomes. This appears to result from comparable efficacy of revascularization and
optimal medical therapy in stable coronary artery disease. Limited evidence supports
the hypothesis that those with more severe coronary artery disease (three-vessel, left
main, proximal left anterior descending) amenable to bypass surgery may be potential
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beneficiaries of screening. The low prevalence of such candidates in the
asymptomatic population, continuing advances with percutaneous intervention, and
the lack of prospective trials makes such a recommendation currently unsupportable.
Smith MM et al, (2011) Conducted a study on Coronary Artery disease knowledge

test which tested the validity and reliability of a written test designed to assess
knowledge of coronary artery disease (coronary artery disease) and its risk factors.
The subjects were 93 males diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Validation of this
test yielded difficulty ratings between 0 percent and 98 percent, with an average of 63
percent. Construct validation indicated that the average test score of subjects
participating in a was significantly higher than that of non-participants. The internal
consistency reliability of the test was 0.84. The results indicate that this test is a valid
and reliable tool for assessing patients knowledge of coronary artery disease and its
risk factors.
Studies related to structured teaching programme on prevention of coronary

artery disease
Hislop TG, Shigeru S, Sadanobu K. et al, (2008) Conducted a field experiment

community study in three northern California towns to determine whether community
health education can reduce the risk of coronary artery disease and the subjects varied
between 12,000 and 15,000 and in two of these towns, intensive mass education
campaigns were conducted against coronary artery disease risk factors over a period
of 2 years and the third community served as control. The people from each
community were interviewed and examined before the campaign began, and one and
two years afterwards to assess the knowledge of behaviour related to coronary artery
disease and to measure the physiological indicators of risk of coronary artery disease
increased over two years, but in the intervention were found after teaching. The group
demonstrated increase in knowledge and improvement in practice with the
implementation of teaching programme.
Goyal A, Yusuf S et al, (2006) Conducted a study on burden of cardiovascular

disease in the Indian subcontinent. Hospital-based, cross sectional study was
conducted at All India Institutes of Medical Sciences, a major tertiary care hospital in
New Delhi, India. Participants (n=217) recruited from patient waiting areas in the
emergency room were provided with standardized questionnaires to assess their
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knowledge of modifiable risk factors of coronary Artery Disease . The risk factors
specifically included smoking, hypertension, elevated cholesterol levels, diabetes
mellitus and obesity. Identifying 3 or less risk factors was regarded as a poor
knowledge level, whereas identifying 4 or more risk factors was regarded as a good
knowledge level. A multiple logistic regression model was used to isolate independent
demographic markers predictive of a participant's level of knowledge. In multiple
logistic regression analysis independent demographic predictors of a good knowledge
level with a statistically significant (p>0.05) adjusted odds ratio were routine exercise
of moderate intensity, or 8.41 (compared to infrequent or no exercise) no history of
smoking, 8.25, and former smokers, or 48.28 (compared to current smokers).
Although statistically insignificant, a trend towards a good knowledge level was
associated with higher levels of education.
Tmmins . F. Kaliser M et al, ( 2004 ) Conducted a study to assess the perception of

patients immediately after their coronary disease of their needs in a cardiac education
programme and to compare these with their perception, 6 weeks after the event and
also with their nurse education questionnaires comprises of 37 learning needs of the
cardiac patients under several categories each item given to 45 patients and 68 nurses
(cardiac ward nurses, cardiac. Modification nurse, all nurses employed in one
coronary artery disease care unit) responded. The overall response score distribution
of the patients differed from that of the nurses , but this difference was accounted by
mainly three items, all in the physical activity category namely when to resume
driving , when to resume sexual activity and when to resume work which the nurse
scored high and patients low. Both patients and nurses gave the highest mean scores
to four items namely what to do when in chest pain, what are the signs and symptoms
of a heart attack. When to call a doctor and what to do to reduce the chance of other
heart attack. The findings support the need for individual nurse / patient negotiated
cardiac teaching programme that can be tailored to suit the needs of the patient.
Alma D et al: 2014. A study was conducted in America on sample of 300 Filipino
Americans on 15.75 years selected by purposive sampling completed the Heart
Disease Fact Questionnaire to assess their knowledge of heart disease and a researcher
developed questionnaire to assess the heart disease risk factors . Results shows that
sample had an average knowledge score of 82.81 % out of a maximum correct score
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of 100% The risk factors prevalent them included hypertension dyslipidaemia 27.7%
overweight 36,743, abdominal obesity (80.0%), smoking (1177), and lack of exercise.
Aniket Arole ( 2013), A study was conducted diabetes patients to the effectiveness
of planned teaching programs on knowledge reducing risk of coronary artery disease
amongst patients with diabetes mellitus admitted in selected hospital on The sample
consisted of 60 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus sampling technique in the
study was non probability Purposive sampling. The tool consisted of structured
questionnaire which includes 30 questions Reus was found that the Planned Teaching
Programme significantly brought out improvement in the knowledge of patients
regarding risk of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Aysha Almas; 2008, A multi centre cross sectional study was conducted in college of
Karachi regarding Knowledge of Coronary Artery Disease risk factors and Coronary
Intervention among sample of 200 adult students through purposive sampling by
using a structured questionnaire and stets shows that 60% student thought that bancs
diseases were the leading cause of death in our population, followed by cancer (126),
distress mellitus (110). Infection (11), kidney diseases (496) and stroke 10.396, 85%
students thought that heart diseases were preventable. 25 graded smoking as the top
most risk factor for coronary artery disease followed by hypertension high cholesterol,
age. Family history and high cholesterol diet. Correct identification of risk factors in
the form of positive responses was highest for cholesterol levels 85% students thought
that exercise prevents heart diseases, 53% would consider quitting smoking to prevent
heart disease, while 25 % refused to quit smoking.
Manta Chaudhary et al 2014, A cross sectional study was conducted in selected

hospital of Ludhiana city to quantify knowledge regarding preventive measures of
Coronary Artery disease among 150 patients attending medical and surgical who were
not diagnosed with any of heart disease by using simple random sampling by using
questionnaire related to socio demographic variable.
Abdelmoneilm Awad; 2012, A descriptive cross - sectional survey was conducted in

Kuwait on sample of 900 individuals through random sampling wing protest self
administered questionnaire regarding knowledge of cardiovascular disease and its risk
Results shows that the response rate was 90.7%. Respondents knowledge about types
of coronary artery disease, bean attack 60 % at respondents did not know any type of
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and coronary heart disease was the commonest identified type (2009). Two fifth of
participants were not aware of any heart attack symptoms , and the most commonly
known were chest pain (50.45) and shortness of breath (48.0) (14.7%) respondent’s
knowledge regarding cardio vascular disease risk factors was moderate. The
commonest factor identified by ever four fifth smoking obesity unhealthy diet and
physical inactivity.
Gupta R et al: 2004, An ethnic-group sample survey study was conducted on 600
subjects in Punjabi Bhatia community through random sampling on 458 (76.7%)
persons (men 220, women 232), & Results shows that in both men and women there
was a high prevalence of family history of coronary heart disease in 45 (1999) and 50
21,095 ), history of diabetes in 96 (2.396) and 77 (33.256), sedentary habits in
(36354) and 73 (31-3%), smoking or tobacco use in 59 (26.154) and 4 (1.7%)
Iyengar SS et al 2017, A study was conducted on 997 young patients (men 55,
women <65y) through purposive sampling Results shows that 72% were men and
6876 had. Falsely history of coronary artery disease was in 50%, diabetes 4496,
hypertension 49%, history of dyslipidaemia 1196, smoking / tobacco and sedentary
habits in 20%.
Kutty VR: 1993, survey study was district of India on a cluster sample with
probability proportionate size (P% sample) of 500 households from five villages,
sample consisted of 1253 individuals who were more than 25 years of age , of which
1130 responded (90%) Results and that objective prevalence of coronary hear
Thiruvananthapuram district when compared to studies from when centres in India
but the prevalence of angina by Rose questionnaire is greater.
Mangalyarkkarasi K: 2016, A descriptive research study was conducted on

outpatient department at selected hospital, Coimbatore on sample size of 150 patient
through Now probability purposive sampling technique Results shows that Majority
of patients have risk factor likes increased waist circumference (7016), non-vegetarian
habits 68.73 sedentary work (66.7%) and increased (64%) in both men and women .
Ms. Ramya K R. 2015, A cross sectional survey study was conducted in Trissur
district of Kerala, with a population of 2975440 Our 262 schools, One private and
private aided school was randomly selected using multistage cluster sampling cross-
sectional survey 1922.
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Perception, Knowledge of Coronary Heart Disease using a protester structured
questionnaire Results Findings revealed that most adolescents were of the series of the
heart disease. Only 14.3% students thought that Coronary heart se is a public health
concern , 28.01s were aware of their un body overweight , and of them had heard of
the terns Body Mass Index 26.2 adolescents had moderately equate and 73.356 had
inadequate knowledge regarding Coronary heart disease.
Raja Reddy et al 2015, A cross sectional survey was conducted among a total of 303
employees working at a tertiary hospital aged 30 years and above using purposive
sampling by means of questionnaire, to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk
factors song employees Results shows that there was a high prevalence at major anti
vascular risk factors current unyoking (26.03), tobacco consumption (17.82). family
history, diabetes mellitus (165) hypertension (21.23), hypercholesterolemia hypertri
glyceridemia (5123), physical inactivity (46.21), body mass index (56.23), central
obesity (44.14) , inadequate fruits and vegetables consumption (36.13) heavy drinking
(0.01)
Alona N 2010, A study was conducted in 120 sample of Filipino Americans aged of
35 to 73 years through random sampling by tool committed of a semi structured
questionnaire Results shown that most of them risk factor like lack of exercise (65).
Hypertension (50 %). Dyslipidaemia (36.7%). Abdominal Adiposity ( 275 ), Diabetes
Mellitus (25 %) obesity (22.5%) & Smoking (10 %). Gender education & Income
were significantly correlated with coronary heart disease knowledge.
Howard BV et al : 2006, A Randomized controlled trial was conducted in USA On

sample of 48,835 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years, of diverse
backgrounds and ethnicities who participated in the Women's Health Initiative
Dietary Modification.
Wang W et al: 2006. A study was conducted on sample of 4549 American Indian
aged 45 to 74 year and proportional models with time dependent covariates and the
mixed models were used to explore the association of hypertension with
cardiovascular disease Results shows that the risk of developing hypertension was
raising. Pre hypertensive participants had 3.2/1.74 times’ higher risk of developing
hypertension cardiovascular disease than normotensive participants.
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Based on the review of literature the investigator understood that the knowledge on
prevention of coronary artery disease among the college student is necessary from
these instances, the investigator has taken video assisted teaching as an effectiveness
instructional moduled to provide the knowledge on college students.
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CHAPTER - III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may
be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically.
According to Polit DF and Beck CT (2011) “methodology means the steps,
procedure and strategies for gathering and analyzing data in a research investigation”.
This chapter deals with the methodology adopted for the study. It includes
research approach, research design, target population, accessible population, and
setting of the study, sampling technique, and sample selection criteria, development of
tool, instrument, and description of tool, content validity and reliability, pilot study,
method of data collection, plan for data analysis, ethical consideration and summary.
This chapter deals with the methodology followed in the study and is
discussed under the following headings. e. g. Research approach, Research design,
variables, study setting, population, sample, sample size, sampling technique,
inclusion and exclusion criteria for selection of samples, development and description
of tools, scoring key, content validity, reliability, pilot study, procedure for data
collection and plan for data analysis.
RESEARCH APPROACH
According to Kerlinger “The research approach tells the basic procedure for
the conduct of research enquiry.”
According to “Sharma SK”, “research approach is the overall plan to carry
out the research. It include proceed for conducting the study”.
It involves the description of the plan to investigate the phenomenon under
study is a structured (Quantitative), unstructured (Qualitative) or a combination of two
methods (quantitative-qualitative integrated approach). Therefore, the approaches
help to decide about the presence or absence as well as manipulation and control over
variables. The approach of research study depends on several factors, but primarily on
the nature of phenomenon under study.
The present study aims is to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching
on knowledge regarding coronary artery disease among students in selected arts
college of Durg (C. G.).
19
In my study we are selected pre-experimental Quantitative research
approaches was used.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The term research design refers to a researcher overall plan for obtaining
answers to the research question or for testing the research hypothesis, demographic
variables.
Basvanthappa BT (2002) stated that the research design is the video assisted and
strategy for investigation of answering the research question. It is the overall plan or
blueprint of the research selected to carry out their study.
According to "Kerlinger" the design has two basic purposes:
1. To provide answer to research question.

2. To control variance.
The design provides the back bone structure of the study and determine how
the study will be organized when the data would be collected and when intervention
to be implemented.
According to Polit FD and Hungler’s RP (1999) research design is an overall

plan for obtaining answer to research question. The research design in the plan for the
study providing overall framework collecting data it may help the researcher in
defining attributes, selecting of population their manipulation and control observation
to be made and type of statistical analysis to interpret data. In the present study
research design used is Pre-experimental, One Group Pre-test and Post-test
research design, to measure the effectiveness of video assisted program regarding
the coronary artery disease.
Research design is an investigators overall plan for obtaining answer to the

research questions or for testing the research hypothesis Pre-experimental one
group pre-test and post-test design is adopted for this study. The pre-test (O1) is
carried out to determine the knowledge of arts students on coronary artery disease
followed by the administration of the video assisted programme. Post-test (O2) is
conducted on the 7th day following the pre-test and video assisted programme.
20
RESEARCH DESIGN
Pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design
TARGET POPULATION
Arts college students
ACCESSIBLE POPULATION
Selected arts college students at durg (C.G.)
SETTING
Arts college students at swami shri swaroopanand mahavidyalay hudko bhilai
(C.G.).
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
(Purposive Sampling Technique)
SAMPLE SIZE
60 students
INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT
Knowledge regarding
Video assisted teaching VARIABLES
prevention of coronary
programme on prevention of artery disease among arts
coronary artery disease students durg.
Research Tools – 1.Socio-demographic variables

2. Structured Questionnaire
INTERVENTION POST – TEST (7TH DAY)

PRE – TEST (1ST DAY) Video assisted Assess knowledge criteria
Assess the knowledge
program regarding measurement
criterian measurement the prevention of
coronary artery  Poor (0-20)
 Poor (0-20) disease among arts  Average (21-30)
 Average (21-30) college students  Good (31-60)
 Good (31-60)
Analysis of
Research Report Discussion Finding
data
FIGURE NO.2.-Schematic representation of research design. Descriptive

and
inferential
statistician
21
SETTING OF THE STUDY:
The setting refers to the physical location and conditions where data collection
takes place. In this study, research was conducted in arts college durg (C.G.) and it is
situated 15 km’s away from the Apollo College of nursing Anjora Durg. The
researcher has randomly selected art students in this study.
VARIABLES
Variable is defined as an attribute of person or objects that varies, that takes
on different values. Three types of variables are identified in this study.
According to Polit and Hungler (1995)” A variable is as the name implies
something is an attribute of a person or an object that varies i.e. it takes different
values.”
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:
“According to BT Basvanthappa” (1975) “Independent variables is a
condition on characteristics that the experiment manipulates or control in his / her
attempts to as certain their relationship to observe phenomenon”.
In the present study effectiveness of video assisted teaching is independent
variable.
DEPENDENT VARIABLE:
Dependent variables are the condition or a characteristics that appears,
disappears change as the experimenter introduces, removes, or change independent
variables.
In the present study assess knowledge regarding the prevention of coronary
artery disease is dependent variable.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLE:
Socio-demographic variables such as age in year, gender, religion, dietary
habits, previous knowledge regarding prevention coronary artery disease, occupation,
type of family.
POPULATION:
According to B.T Basvanthappa (2002) population refers to aggregate of

elements having some common set of criteria. In the present study population refers to
both female and male students.
22
TARGET POPULATION
According to B.T. Basvanthappa (2002) target population refers to the
population the researcher wishes to study. It is the entire set of cases about which the
researcher would like to make generalization.
In the present study, the target population refers to students those who are arts
college students durg.
ACCESSIBLE POPULATION
According to Sharma SK (2011) it is the aggregate of cases that conform to
designated inclusion or exclusion criteria and that are accessible as subject of the
study.
Accessible population refers to the portion of the target population to which
researcher has reasonable access. In the present study, accessible population includes
arts students selected arts college durg (C.G.).
SAMPLE
Denise F. Polit and Cheryl Tantano Beck, “A sample is the subset of population
elements.”
The sample to the present study comprised of 60 arts students in selected arts college
in Durg, (C.G.).
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:-
Sampling technique is a process of selecting a group of people, event,
behaviour and element with which to conduct study.
According to the B. T. Basvanthappa (2002) sampling is a process of
selecting subjects of a population in order to obtain regarding a phenomenon in a way
that represent the population state.
In present study purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample.
CRITERIA FOR SAMPLE SELECTION:-

In sampling criteria, the researcher specifies the characteristics of the
population under the study by detailing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion
criteria are characteristics that each sample must possess to be included in the sample
and exclusion criteria are characteristics, which is not included in the study. The
following criteria are set for the selection of sample:
23
SAMPLE SIZE:
“According to Sharma SK (2011)”sample size is a number of subjects,
events, behaviours or situations that are examined in a study.
In this study, the sample size consisted of 60 students who fulfilled the
inclusion criteria studying students selected arts college (C.G.).
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
 All arts students boys and girls.
 Arts students who are willing to participate in the study.
 Students who understand to read and speak English or Hindi.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
 Students who are not willing to participate in this study
 Students who are not available during the period of data collection.
DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS:
Data collection tools are procedures or instruments used by the researcher to
observe or measure the key variable in the research problem.
Based on the objective of the study, structured multiple choice questionnaire
schedules was appropriate method of data collection to assess the knowledge
regarding coronary artery disease.
TESTING OF THE TOOL:
VALIDITY:
Polit Denise F. Hungler Bernadette, “Reliability refers to degree of consistency of
dependability with which an instrument measures the attribute.”
Developed from researcher, the constructed tool used in this study was
validated by 10 nursing experts and also from two cardiologist doctor. The tool was
evaluated for appropriateness, adequacy, relevant, completeness and
comprehensiveness. Comments and suggestions were invited and appropriate
modifications were made accordingly. The tool was refined and finalized, after
establishing the validity.
RELIABILITY:
The reliability of the tool was tested by test karl pearson (post-test) method.
The computed coefficient r=0.9 the tool was found to be highly reliable.
24
PILOT STUDY:
Nancy Burns, 2000, Pilot study is defined as a small version of a proposed
study conducted to refine the methodology.
A pilot study is a small preliminary investigation of the same general
character as a major study which is designed to acquaint the researchers with
problems that can be corrected in preparation of larger research project.
The pilot study was conducted in Seth Rattan Chand Surana College Durg
(C.G.). From 25/01/2023.The pilot study was conducted in the same ways as the final
study would be done. In order to test the feasibility and practicability, 6 arts students
who met the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling. The knowledge
questionnaire was used. The results were analyzed based on the score obtained by the
stuents. These subjects were not included in major study.
On the first day, the pre-test was conducted and after which the structured
teaching was administered. The time taken for video was 13 minutes. The tool and
the video assisted were found to be feasible, practicable and acceptable no
modifications were made in the tool and video assisted.
Post-test was conducted after seven days using the same questionnaire on
30/01/23 to assess the knowledge of the students.
Data analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics. After the
pilot study the investigator then proceeded to the main study.
FINDING OF THE PILOT STUDY
Finding of the pilot study revealed that the tool was feasible to conduct the
final study. The investigator had no problem during pilot study.
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE:
A formal written permission for the main study was obtained by the
investigator from the concerned authorities before the data collection. Data collection
period is extended from 13/02/23 to 21/02/23 (4week).
25
The investigator selected the sample that met the inclusion criteria
purposively and met arts student and assured the confidentiality of their responses
and informed consent was obtained from arts students. The structured knowledge
questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge of the arts students of
coronary artery disease. The average time taken for pre-test was 15 minutes.
On the same day video assisted teaching was conducted using LCD. Post-
test was conducted on the 7 th day using the same tool. The arts students were
thanked for their participation and cooperation. The data collected was complied
for analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS:
Data was analyzed based on the objectives. Frequency and percentage was
computed for describing the sample characteristics. Bio statistical methods such as
frequency, percentage, were used to find out the pre-test and posttest knowledge
score. Paired t-test was computed to find out the effectiveness of video assisted
teaching. Chi-square test was computed to describe the association between post-test
knowledge score of the sample and demographic variables.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL
PART I:
It consists of demographic variables such as age in year, gender, religion, dietary
habit, previous knowledge regarding coronary arty disease, source of knowledge
regarding prevention coronary artery disease, occupation and type of family.
PART II:
It consists of 30 multiple choice items to assess knowledge regarding the coronary
artery disease among the arts student at selected college durg. All items have one
correct response in 3 distracters.
SCORING PROCEDURE:
PART I:
It was not scored but analyzed with descriptive and interstitial statistics.
PART II:
Questionnaire on knowledge consists of 30 multiple choice questions. The arts student
was asked to select an answer in each item. For correct answer the score ‘1’ was given
26
and for wrong answer score ‘0’ was given. The maximum score of the knowledge
questions was 30.
CRITERIA FOR GRADING KNOWLEDGE SCORES:-
S. NO.
LEVELOF KNOWLEDEGE SCORE PERCENTAGE
1. Poor Knowledge 0 – 20 0 – 33%
2. Average Knowledge 21 – 30 34 – 50%
3. Good Knowledge 31 – 60 51 – 100%

SCORING: The questionnaire contains 30 each multiple-choice questions. Each
correct answer carries 1 mark and each wrong answer carries zero (0) mark.
PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS-
Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring information on
variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer
stated research questions, test hypothesis, and evaluate outcomes
Data collection is a study is rather extensive and therefore need to be
processed and analysis in the orderly, statistical analysis cover a broad range of
techniques, from some simple procedure to complex and sophisticated methods. Data
will plan to be prepare on a master sheet and then to use both descriptive and
inferential statistics to analysis and interpret the collected data.
Data will be analyzing under various section.
SECTION-A- Distribution of respondent according to demographic variables.
SECTION-B- Distribution of respondents according to effectiveness.
SECTION-C-Distribution of respondents according to association between pre-test
knowledge score with selected demographical variables.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION:
 Confidentiality of data will be maintained.
 Freedom will be give to withdraw from the study.
 The research problem and objectives will approve by the research committee.
 Due permission from authorities will sought out obtained.
27
SUMMARY
The chapter include the research approach, research design, target population,
accessible population and setting of the study, variables, sample and sampling
technique, sample selection criteria, development of tool, description of tool, content
validity and reliability, pilot study, method of data collection, plan for data analysis,
ethical consideration and summary
28
CHAPTER - IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

TITLE OF THE STUDY

regarding prevention of coronary artery disease Among Students in Selected Arts
Colleges of Durg. (C.G.)”.
This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the data collected from 60
samples. The present study has been taken up to effectiveness of video assisted
teaching on knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease Among
Students in Selected Arts Colleges of Durg. (C.G.). Analysis and interpretation are
based on the objectives of the study. The analysis was done with the help of
descriptive and inferential statistics.
Study Objective
1. To assess the pre-test and post-test knowledge regarding prevention of coronary

Durg. (C.G.).
3. To find out the association between levels of pre - test knowledge score with their
Organization of finding
The analysis and interpretation of the observations are given in the following section:
 Section A: Distribution of participant with regards to demographic variable.

 Section B: Assess the pre - test and post - test knowledge regarding prevention of
coronary artery disease Among Students in Selected Arts Colleges of Durg. (C.G.)
 Section C: To assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge
regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among Students in Selected Arts
Colleges of Durg. (C.G.).
 Section D: To find out the association between level of pre-test knowledge score
with their selected socio demographic variables.
29
SECTION A
DISTRIBUTION OF PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLE.
This section deals with the percentage-wise distribution of participant with regard to
demographic variables. A purposive sample of 60 subjects was drawn from the study
population, who were from selected area. The data obtained to describe the sample
characteristics including the age, relation, education etc.
Table 4.1 Frequency and Percentage-wise distribution of participant with

regards to age in year.
N=60
Age in Years Frequency Percent

19-20 Years 4 6.7
21-22 Years 9 15.0
23-24 Years 30 50.0
Above 24 Years 17 28.3
Total 60 100.0
Age in Years
35 30
30
25
20 17
15 9
10 4
5
0
19-20 21-22 23-24 Above 24
Years Years Years Years
Age in Years 4 9 30 17
19-20 Years 21-22 Years 23-24 Years Above 24 Years
Fig. 4.1 Percentage-wise distribution of participant with regards to age in year.
Table. 4.1 figure 4.1 shows the age of the participant 4 were 19-20 years, 9 were 21-
22 years, 30 were 23-24 years and 17 were above 24 years.
30
TABLE 4.2 FREQUENCY AND PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF
PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO GENDER.
N=60
Gender Frequency Percent

Male 45 75.0
Female 15 25.0
Total 60 100.0
Gender
15, 25%
Male
45, 75% Female
Fig. 4.1 Percentage distribution of participant with regards to gender.
Table. 4.2 figure 4.2 shows the gender of the participant 45 was male and 15 were
female.
31
TABLE 4.3: FREQUENCY AND PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF
PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO RELIGION
N=60
Religion Frequency Percent

Hindu 52 86.7
Muslim 0 0.0
Cristian 4 6.7
Others 4 6.7
Total 60 100.0
Religion
4, 7%
4, 6%
Hindu
Muslim
Cristian
Others
52, 87%
Table 4.3 Percentage distribution of participant with regards to religion
Table 4.3 figure 4.3 shows the religion of the participant 52 was Hindu and 4 were
Cristian and others.
32
PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO DIETARY HABITS.
N=60
Dietary Habits Frequency Percent

Vegetarian 20 33.3
Non-Vegetarian 40 66.7
Total 60 100.0
Dietary Habits
20
40
Vegetarian Non-Vegetarian
Table 4.4 Percentage distribution of participant with regards to dietary habits.
Table 4.4 figure 4.4 shows the dietary habits of the participant 20 were vegetarian
and 40 were non-vegetarian.
33
PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
REGARDING PREVENTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
N=60
previous knowledge Frequency Percent

regarding prevention of
coronary artery disease
Yes 20 33.3
No 40 66.7
Total 60 100.0
Previous Knowledge Regarding

Prevention of CAD
50
40
40
30
20
20
10
0
Yes No
Previous Knowledge
Regarding Prevention of 20 40
CAD
Yes No
Table 4.5 Percentage distribution of participant with regards to previous

knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease
Table 4.5 figure 4.5 shows the previous knowledge regarding prevention of coronary
artery disease of the participant 20 were yes and 40 were no.
34
PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE
REGARDING PREVENTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
N=60
source of knowledge regarding Frequency Percent

prevention of coronary artery
disease
Newspaper 10 16.7
TV 35 58.3
Social Media 10 16.7
Workshop/Seminar 5 8.3
Total 60 100.0
Source of Knowledge Regarding

Prevention of CAD
40 35
35
30
25
20
15 10 10
10 5
5
0
Social Workshop/
Newspaper TV
Media Seminar
Source of Knowledge
Regarding Prevention of 10 35 10 5
CAD
Source of Knowledge Regarding Prevention of CAD
Table 4.6 Percentage distribution of participant with regards to source of

knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease.
Table 4.6 figure 4.6 shows the source of knowledge regarding prevention of
coronary artery disease of the participant 10 were newspaper, 35 were TV, 10 were
social media and 5 were workshop/Seminar.
35
PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO OCCUPATION
N=60
Occupation Frequency Percent

Part time working 10 16.7
Not Working 50 83.3
Total 60 100.0
Occupation
10, 17%
Working
Not Working
50, 83%
Table 4.7 Percentage distribution of participant with regards to occupation.
Table 4.7 figure 4.7 shows the occupation of the participant 10 was working and 50
were not working.
36
PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO TYPE OF FAMILY
N=60
Type of Family Frequency Percent

Nuclear 45 75.0
Joint 15 25.0
Total 60 100.0
Type of Family
15, 25%
Nuclear
Joint
45, 75%
Table 4.8 Percentage distribution of participantwith regards to type of family.
Table 4.8 figure 4.8 shows the type of family of the participant 45 were nuclear and
15 were joint.
37
SECTION B
ASSESS THE PRE-TEST AND POST - TEST KNOWLEDGE

REGARDING PREVENTION OF CORONARY ARTERY
DISEASE AMONG STUDENTS IN SELECTED ARTS COLLEGES
OF DURG. (C.G.)
TABLE 4.9 PRE-TEST KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE.
N=60
Pre-test Frequency Percent Minimum Maximum Mean SD

Poor 2 3.3 9 23 18.17 2.763
Average 46 76.7
Good 12 20.0
PRE-TEST
90
76.7
80
70
PERCENTAGE
60
50
40
30 20
20
10 3.3
0
Poor Average Good
Series2 3.3 76.7 20
Table 4.9 pre-test knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease.

Table 4.9 figure 4.9 shows Pre-test knowledge regarding prevention of coronary
artery disease Among Students in Selected Colleges of Durg. (C.G.)2 (3.3%) were
poor, 46 (76.7%) were average and 12 (20%) were good. Minimum score was 9 and
maximum was 23. Mean score was 18.17 and standard deviation were 2.763.
38
TABLE 4.10 POST TEST KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE.
N=60
Post-test Frequency Percent Minimum Maximum Mean SD

Poor 0 0 18 30 28.07 2.162
Average 42 80.0
Good 18 20.0
Post test knowledge

45 42
40
35
30
25
20 18
15
10
5
0
0
Poor Average Good
Posttest knowledge 0 42 18
Poor Average Good
Table 4.10 Post test knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease.
Table 4.10 figure 4.10 shows Post-test knowledge regarding prevention of coronary
artery disease Among Students in Selected Colleges of Durg, (C.G.)42 (80%) were
average and 18 (20%) were good. Minimum score was 22 and maximum score was
30. Mean 28.07 and standard deviation 2.162.
39
SECTION C
TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO ASSISTED

TEACHING ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AMONG STUDENTS IN
SELECTED ARTS COLLEGES OF DURG. (C.G.).
TABLE 4.11 EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO ASSISTED TEACHING ON

KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF CORONARY ARTERY
DISEASE.
N=60
Mean N Std. t-value df Significant

Deviation
Pre-test 18.17 60 2.763 19.769 59 0.001S
Post-test 28.07 2.162
Table 4.11 shows effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding

prevention of coronary artery disease among Students in Selected Colleges of Durg
(C.G.). In pre-test mean 18.17 and standard deviation 2.763 and post-test mean 28.07
and standard deviation 2.162. t-value were 19.769 and df-59 with 0.001 significant
with level of 0.05.
40
SECTION D
Association between level of pre-test knowledge score with their

Table 4.12: Association between level of pre-test knowledge score

with their selected socio demographic variables.
N=60
Demographic Category
variables
Age in Years Poor Average Good Value df P- Inference
Value
19-20 Years 0 4 0
21-22 Years 1 7 1
4.091 6 12.592 NS
23-24 Years 1 22 7
Above 24 Years 0 13 4
Gender
Male 2 35 8 1.14 2 5.991 NS
Female 0 11 4
Religion
Hindu 2 40 10
Muslim 0 0 0 0.426 4 9.488 NS
Cristian 0 3 1
Others 0 3 1
Dietary Habits
Vegetarian 1 17 2
2.022 2 5.991 NS
Non-Vegetarian 1 29 10
Previous Knowledge Regarding Prevention of
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
2.022 2 5.991 NS
Yes 1 17 2
No 1 29 10
41
Source of Knowledge Regarding Prevention of
coronary artery disease
Newspaper 0 10 0
TV 2 25 8
Social Media 0 8 2 5.602 6 12.592 NS
Workshop/Seminar 0 3 2
Occupation
Working 0 10 0 3.652 2 5.991 NS
Not Working 2 36 12
Type of Family
Nuclear 2 35 8 1.14 2 5.991 NS
Joint 0 11 4
1. There was no association found between age and knowledge and the
calculated value i.e., 12.592 was less than the table value of chi square (4.091)
at 0.05 level of significance.
2. There was no association found between gender and knowledge and the
calculated value i.e., 5.991 was less than the table value of chi square (1.14) at
0.05 level of significance.
3. There was no association found between religion and knowledge and the
4. There was no association found between dietary habits and knowledge and the
5. There was no association found between previous knowledge regarding
prevention of coronary artery disease and knowledge and the calculated value
i.e., 12.592 was less than the table value of chi square (5.602) at 0.05 level of
significance.
6. There was no association found between source of knowledge regarding
prevention of coronary artery disease and knowledge and the calculated value
i.e., 12.592 was less than the table value of chi square (5.602) at 0.05 level of
significance.
42
7. There was no association found between occupation and knowledge and the
8. There was no association found between type of family and knowledge and
the calculated value i.e., 5.991 was less than the table value of chi square
(1.14) at 0.05 level of significance.
43
CHAPTER V
DISCUSSION
This study to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on
knowledge regarding coronary artery disease among the art students at durg
Pre experimental design one group pre-test post-test design was used to conduct the
study.
A questionnaire tool was used to assess the knowledge of arts students

regarding the coronary artery disease. The purposive sampling technique was used for
selecting the sample to conduct the study.
This study consists of 60 samples of students from Arts College in durg. The
study findings are discussed in this chapter with reference to the objectives.
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY WAS:

Durg. (C.G.).
3. To find out the association between level of pre - test knowledge score with their
OBJECTIVE
To assess the pre-test knowledge score regarding the prevention of coronary

artery disease among arts students.
That the frequency and percentage distribution of sample according to the level of
knowledge in the pre-test. The pre-test score reveals that 35 (75%) students had poor
knowledge, 10 (25%) had average knowledge, 0 (0%) had good knowledge regarding
prevention of coronary artery disease.
44
The researcher point of view concluded that most of the samples have Good
knowledge and average knowledge regarding the prevention of coronary artery
disease this supported the study.
These results showed by evident that samples have difficultly knowing about
the prevention coronary artery disease.
To assess the post-test knowledge score regarding the prevention of coronary

artery disease among studying at arts students.
That the frequency and percentage distribution of sample according to the level of
knowledge in the post-test. After administered video assisted teaching the post-test
score 18 (20%) arts students had good knowledge, 42 (80%) had average knowledge
and 0(0%) of them had poor knowledge prevention of coronary artery.
To evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted program on knowledge regarding

the prevention of coronary artery disease among arts students.
H1: There is a significant difference in the score of mean between pre-test and
post-test.
That the mean post-test knowledge score of the samples 28.07 is higher than the mean
pre-test knowledge score 18.17. The calculated‘t’ value 19.769 is greater than of table
no. value (2.02) at 0.001 level of significance.
The mean post-test knowledge of prevention of coronary artery disease is

higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score. The obtained‘t’ value is significant at
0.001 level. Since the obtained‘t’ value is higher than the table value at 0.001 level of
significance. Therefore it was concluded that there was a difference between the mean
pre-test knowledge score and mean post-test knowledge score regarding the
prevention of coronary artery disease.
H2: There is a significant association between the pre - test level of knowledge
regarding prevention of coronary artery disease with selected demographic
variable.
Chi-square was computed to find out the association between mean post- test
knowledge score and demographic variables. The result shows there is a significant
association between age in year, gender, dietary habits, and previous knowledge
45
regarding coronary artery disease, source of knowledge about prevention of coronary
artery disease, occupation, and type of family.
46
CHAPTER VI
SUMMARY, IMPLICATION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND
CONCLUSION
“I think and think for months and years. Ninety-nine times, the conclusion is false.
The hundredth time I am right.”
Albert Einstein
This chapter deals with the summary of the study and conclusion drawn. It
clarifies the limitation of the study; Implication and recommendation are given for
different aspect in nursing practice, nursing education nursing research and general
education.
SUMMARY
A pre experimental study to determine the effectiveness of video assisted on
knowledge regarding the prevention of coronary artery disease among arts students at
durg (C.G.).
The research approach adopted for this study was quantitative approach and
the design used in this study was pre experimental one group pre-test and post-test
design. The tool used for this study was knowledge questionnaire. This study was
conducted in Swami Shri Swaroopanand Sarswati Mahavidyalaya Hudco Bhilai
(C.G.). Purposive sampling method was used for sample selection. The size of the
sample is 60 students.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Colleges of Durg, (C.G.)
OBJECTIVE

Durg. (C.G.).
3. To find out the association between level of pre - test knowledge score with their
47
HYPOTHESES
The following hypotheses will be tested at 0.001 level of significance:
HI: There will be significant difference in the pre - test and post - test on level of
knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease Among Students in
Selected Arts Colleges of Durg, (C.G.)
H2: There will be significant association between the pre - test level of knowledge
regarding prevention of coronary artery disease with selected demographic variable.
The literature gathering by the researcher was discussed under the

following section:-
SECTION I: - Studies related to the knowledge about coronary artery disease.
SECTION II: - Studies related to the prevention of coronary artery disease.
SECTION III: - Review of literature studies related risk of coronary artery disease.
The period of data collection was two weeks in Swami Shri Swaroopanand
Sarswati Mahavidyalaya Hudco Bhilai (C.G.). Initially the investigator established
rapport with the study subjects. The purpose of the study was explained and received
their consent to collect the data day. Seven students were assessed the questionnaire
tools schedule, the data was collected from students. The video assisted programme
has given immediately after pre-test to each sample. It was last for about 13 minutes.
Post- test was assessed with an interval of 7 days after video assisted programme to
assess the knowledge regarding the prevention of coronary artery disease by using the
same tool. The studying period of data collection 8a.m-1p.m and 5p.m-8.00p.m.
MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY:
 Majority of the samples were in the age group of 23-24 years 30 (50%).
 Majority of the sample in the male 45 (75%).
 Majority of the samples were Hindu 52 (86.7%)
 Majority of the samples were non-vegetarian 40 (66.7%)
 Majority of the samples were belongs previous knowledge in no 40 (66.7%)
48
 Majority of the samples had the sources of knowledge regarding prevention of
coronary artery disease got information from prevention of coronary artery
disease a tv 3(58.3%)
 Majority of the sample had belong the occupation on not working 50 (83.3%)
 Majority of the sample had belong the type of nuclear family 45 (75%)
 The pre-test score reveals that 02 (%) students had inadequate knowledge, 46
(76.7%) had average adequate knowledge, 12 (20%) had good adequate
knowledge regarding prevention of coronary artery disease.
 The post-test score 42(80%) students had good adequate knowledge, 18 (20%)
had average adequate knowledge, and none of them had inadequate
knowledge regarding the prevention of coronary artery disease.
 The mean post-test knowledge score of the subjects 28.07 is higher than the
mean pre-test knowledge score 18.17. The calculated‘t’ value 19.769 is greater
than of table no. value (1.984) at 0.001 level of significance. Which indicates
that video assisted programme is effective in gaining in subject’s knowledge
regarding the prevention of coronary artery disease
 Chi-square was computed to find out the association between mean post- test
knowledge score and demographic variables. The result shows there is a
significant association between age in year, gender, dietary habits, and
previous knowledge regarding coronary artery disease, source of knowledge
about prevention of coronary artery disease, occupation, and type of family.
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
IMPLICATION OF THE STUDY:-

The present study has several implications in nursing practice, nursing education,
nursing administration and nursing research.
IMPLICATION FOR NURSING PRACTICE :-
The nurses can play an important role of imparting preventive health care. Arts
students can also educate the Arts students who visit the outpatient department or
inpatient department and also do video assisted program regarding prevention of
coronary artery disease. This education will help the Arts students to understand depth
49
about preventive measure of prevention of coronary artery disease thereby they can
adopt healthy life style practices, which help to prevent the disease.
IMPLICATION FOR NURSING EDUCATION:-
Nursing education should prepare effective future nurses. Active participation of

student nurses in conducting educational program to provide information regarding ill
effects of prevention of coronary artery disease and its preventive measures. The
nursing curriculum focuses more on the preventive aspect, the nurse must therefore,
be prepared to identify the area of knowledge deficit through the assessment of
learning needs of Arts students.
Health information can be impaired through various methods like lecture, incidental
teaching and mass media. Several educational strategies can be used to disseminate
the health information like lecture, demonstration, flip chart, flash cards and hard out
etc, which would make it interesting and helps to gain adequate knowledge. Nurses
have to involve themselves in the area of health practices which helps to lead a
healthy life.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING ADMINISTRATION:-
Nurse’s administrators are responsible to identify the nature of the problem and
organize program related to health promotion to the target people. The study assists
the nursing administrative authorities to initiate and carry out health education
program in health care settings.
Nurse administrator can also take the initiate in imparting health information through
different effective methods. They have to support and encourage the nursing students
to participate in health promotion activities. Individual and group teaching can be
arranged for Arts students
IMPLICATION FOR NURSING RESEARCH:-
Nurses being the major focus in the health care delivery system must take the
initiative in conducting research on significant health care problem among the
vulnerable group in community, especially adolescent boys. This researcher will help
to prevent mortality and morbidity caused by any preventable illness such as cancer,
heart attack, importance etc. Nurse researcher can conduct studies to determine the
50
effectiveness of education in terms of cigarette smoking. Most researchers can be
done on prevention of innovative method of teaching preparation of effective teaching
materials, focusing on interest, quality and cost effectiveness.
DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
 The study was conducted to only one group of 60 students in a selected shree
swami swarupa nand saraswati mahavidiyalay, bhilai (C.G.) hence
generalization is limited to the population under study.
 The study did not use a control group and there is a threat to internal validity
as the investigator had no control over the took place between the pre-test and
post-test.
 Extraneous variables such as exposure to mass media were beyond
researcher’s control.
RECOMMENDATIONS
 The similar study can be replicated with larger sample with different
demographic characteristics.
 The similar study can be done in different settings.
 The comparative study can be conducted to determine the knowledge of

different age group on prevention of coronary artery disease
 The comparative study can be conducted to assess the knowledge of

prevention of coronary artery disease among the Arts Students Durg.
 The similar study can be conducted by using experimental group and control
group.
 The similar study can be conducted by using different modalities.
51
CONCLUSION:-
 The study finding provide the statistical evidence which clearly indicate that
video assisted program has significant effect on level of knowledge in arts
students.
52
CHAPTER-VII
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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contributing la coronary artery disease among paurakarmikas of Bangalore with a
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INTERNET RESOURCES
1. http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/disorders/coronary artery disease

coronary artery diseasesymptoms
2. http : //www.healthline.com/health/coronary-artery disease complications Overview
3. http://www. healthline.com/health/coronary artery disease / riskfactors Controllable
Risk Factors3
4. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbc/ 9.
5. http : //www.texasheart.org/ HIC/Topics
6. http://www.cardiosmart.org/Heart- Condition
7. http://www.heartsite.com/html/coronary artery disease.html 53
8. http://www.heartpoint.com/coronartdiseas 11.
9. http://www.msdmanuals.com 4.
10. http://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/condition
57
CHAPTER-VIII
APPENDIX – I
LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT THE PILOT

STUDY
58
LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT THE MAIN
STUDY
59
REQESTING OPINION AND SUGGESTION OF EXPERT TO VALIDATE
THE TOOL ALONG WITH THE BASE LINE PERFORMA
60
APPENDIX-II
LIST OF EXPERT
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
APPENDIX - III
STRUCTURED TOOL TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF ARTS

STUDENTS TOWARDS CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
SECTION A:-SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
Instruction: please read the following questions carefully and place a (√) against the
answer that is relevant to you.
1. Age in years
a) 19-20 year ( )
b) 21-22 year ( )
c) 23-24 year ( )
d) Above 24 year ( )
2. Gender
a) Male ( )
b) Female ( )
3. Religion
a) Hindu ( )
b) Muslim ( )
c) Christian ( )
d) Others ( )
4. Dietary habits
a) Vegetarian ( )
b) Non vegetarian ( )
70
5. Previous knowledge of prevention of CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
a) Yes ( )
b) No ( )
6. Source of knowledge regarding prevention of CORONARY ARTERY

DISEASE
a) Newspaper ( )
b) T.V. ( )
c) Social media ( )
d) Workshop / seminar ( )
7. Occupation
a) Working ( )
b) Not working ( )
8. Type of family
A) Nuclear ( )
b) Joint ( )
71
SECTION-B
STRUCTURED KNOWLEDGE QUESTIONNAIRE REGARDING

PREVENTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Instruction: the tool consists of 30 questions and each question consists of multiple
options and one is the appropriate answer. Place a tick mark in the corresponding
space given below .
1. Area of body cavity in the heart is situated normally in which area ?
a) Thoracic cavity ( )
b) Peritoneal cavity ( )
c) Auricular cavity ( )
d) Cellular cavity ( )
2. Which of the following is the role of the coronary artery?
a) To supply blood to heart muscles ( )
b) To carry blood away from the heart muscles ( )
c) To ensure the supply of blood to all parts of the body ( )
d) None of these ( )
3. The function of heart’s ?
a) Store blood ( )
b) Supply blood and nutrition to whole parts of the body ( )
e) Remove carbon dioxide from parts of the body ( )
d) Maintain of hormonal level ( )
72
4. How can coronary artery disease happen?
a ) Coronary artery getting blocked by fatty deposition ( )
b ) Food passage getting blocked ( )
c ) Heart reduces in its size ( )
d ) Change in chest cavity ( )
5. Risk factor of coronary artery disease is ?
a ) Infection ( )
b ) Physical activity ( )
c ) Environment ( )
d ) Alcohol ( )
6. What is the cause of coronary artery disease ?
a ) Do regular exercise ( )
b ) Losses weight ( )
c ) Is having family history of heart disease ( )
d ) Maintain healthy diet ( )
7. Which age group people are mostly affected with coronary artery disease?
a ) > 25 yearsb ) 26-35 years ( )
c ) 36-45 yearsd ) Above 45 years ( )
8. Name of bad cholesterol?
a ) LDL cholesterol ( )
b ) HDL cholesterol ( )
c ) Triglycerides ( )
d ) Glyceraldehyde ( )
73
9. The optimal level of HDL and LDL is?
a ) HDL level above 60mg / dl and LDL less than 100 mg / dl ( )
b ) HDL level below 10mg / dl and LDL greater than 200 mg / dl ( )
c ) HDL level above 120mg / dl and LDL less than 500mg / dl ( )
d ) HLD level above 120mg / dl and LDL less than 750mg / dl ( )
10. Smoking is harmful due to the presence of?
a ) Carbon dioxide , nitrogen , serine , phosphate etc. ( )
b ) Caffeine , sugar , aldosterone , catecholamine etc. ( )
c ) Nicotine , carbon monoxide , benzene , formaldehyde ( )
d ) Potassium , cholesterol , water etc. ( )
11. The main cause of increase in the blood sugar level
a ) Body does not take enough insulin ( )
b ) Decrease bile secretion ( )
c ) Decrease thyroid secretion ( )
d ) Decrease HCL secretion ( )
12. Type of diabetes is having more risk for coronary artery disease ?
a ) Type 1 diabetes ( )
b ) Type 2 diabetes ( )
c ) Pre diabetes ( )
d ) Gestational diabetes ( )
74
13. The meaning of angina pectoris ?
a ) Abdomen pain ( )
b ) Chest pain ( )
c ) Low back pain ( )
d ) Ear pain ( )
14…………is a condition in which the heart can not pump enough blood to meet
the body’s need.
a ) Heart attack ( )
b ) Cardiomyopathy ( )
c ) Heart failure ( )
d ) Hypertension ( )
15. Atherosclerosis is most common cause of CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE?
a ) Yes ( )
b ) No ( )
16. Layers of fatty material in the coronary artery can lead to-
a ) Dyspnoea ( )
b ) Arrhythmia ( )
e ) Atherosclerosis ( )
d ) Heart transplant ( )
17. One investigation done to rule out unhealthy cholesterol level is?
a ) Lipid profile ( )
b ) Blood glucose ( )
c ) Complete blood count ( )
d ) ESR ( )
75
18. which test is used to Diagnose CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE ?
a ) Haemoglobin ( )
b ) Wbc count ( )
c ) Coronary angiogram ( )
d ) Blood glucose ( )
19. Saturated fatty acid is found in ?
a ) Rise , wheat , dhal ( )
b ) Vegetables , fruits , green leaves , ( )
c ) Dairy product , chocolates , deep fried and processed foods ( )
d ) Cereals , pulses , whole green ( )
20. Source of omega 3 fatty acids ?
a ) Meat ( )
b ) Cheese ( )
c ) Fish ( )
d ) Dairy product ( )
21. What are rich source of fibre diets ?
a ) Whole grains , fruits and vegetable ( )
b ) Fish , egg , meat ( )
c ) Milk , water , oil ( )
d ) Cereals , pulses , nuts ( )
76
22. Low salt diet can help you to prevent ?
a ) Weight gain and hypertension ( )
b ) Weight loss and hypertension ( )
c ) Prevents excessive sweating ( )
d ) None of above ( )
23. What Kind of food should be avoided in order to reduce the chance of getting
coronary artery disease ?
a ) Vegetables ( )
b) High fibre diet ( )
c ) High caloric dietd ( )
d) None of the above ( )
24. In the following , which is to be included in your diet ?
a ) Salt and sugar ( )
b ) Fried food ( )
c ) Junk foods ( )
d ) Green vegetables ( )
25. which life style factor has a great impact on our health after angioplasty?
a ) Obesity ( )
b ) High blood pressure ( )
c ) Inactive lifestyle ( )
d ) All of the above ( )
26. How much timeshould average people spend on exercise ?
a ) 30 min./ day ( )
77
b ) 30 min./month ( )
c ) 2 hrs./day ( )
d )1 hrs / day ( )
27. How can we reduce obesity ?
a ) Regular exercise and diet control ( )
b ) Regular exercise and no diet control ( )
c ) Diet control without regular exercise ( )
d ) Irregular exercise and no diet control ( )
28. What can happen if blood flow in an artery is blocked?
a ) Heart palpitation ( )
b ) Stroke ( )
c ) Heart attack ( )
d)b&c ( )
29. Which of these is a cause of heart disease?
a ) Stroke ( )
b ) Arthritis ( )
c ) Atherosclerosis ( )
d ) None of the above ( )
30. The major complication of coronary artery disease is ?
a ) Cardiac arrhythmias ( )
b ) Heart failure failure. ( )
c ) Cardiac myopathy ( )
d ) Myocardial infarction ( )
78
CORRECT RESPONSES AND SCORING KEY
SECTION-B: SCORE KEY FOR STRUCTURED KNOWLEDGE

QUESTIONNAIRE
QUESTION NO. ANSWER SCORE

1 A 1
2 A 1
3 B 1
4 A 1
5 D 1
6 C 1
7 D 1
8 A 1
9 A 1
10 C 1
11 A 1
12 B 1
13 B 1
14 A 1
15 A 1
16 C 1
17 A 1
18 A 1
19 C 1
20 C 1
21 A 1
22 A 1
23 C 1
24 D 1
25 D 1
26 A 1
27 A 1
28 C 1
29 B 1
30 B 1
SCORE: 30
79
CRITERIA MEASURES
LEVEL OF MEASURE PERCENTAGE

KNOWLEDGE
POOR KNOWLEDGE 0-20 0-33%
AVERAGEKNOLWEDGE 21-30 34-50%
GOOD KNOWLEDGE 31-60 51-100%
80
APPENDIX - IV
LIST OF STATISTICAL FORMULA
1. Arithmetic mean
Sum of the value (∑ X)
X̅ =
Number of the value (N)
2. Correlation and Reliability

∑ (x−x̅)(y−y̅)
r=
√∑(x−x̅)2 ∑(y−y̅)2
2r
r1 =
1+r
3. Standard Deviation
∑(x−x̅)2
(σ) = √
n
4. Standard Error
SD (σ)
SE =
√n
5. Degree of freedom
DF= (r-1) X (c-1)
6. Chi-square test
Calculation of expected
Column or vertical ×Row or horizontal total
frequency=∑
Sample total
(O−E)2
X2 = ∑ E
81
APPENDIX - V
CERTIFICATE OF STATISTICIAN’S REPORT
82
APPENDIX - VI
CERTIFICATE OF HINDI EDITING TO WHOM SO EVER IT

MAY CONCERN
83
CERTIFICATE OF ENGLISH EDITING TO WHOM SO EVER IT
MAY CONCERN
84
APOLLO COLLEGE OF NURSING
ANJORA DURG
SUBJECT: - MEDICAL- SURGICAL NURSING- II
LESSON PLAN
ON
PREVENTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
SUBMITTED TO; SUBMITTED BY;

MRS. ANNIE EDITH MELINDA. J MR. KULESHWAR SAHU
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MSC NURSING 2ND YEAR STUDENT
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
85
LESSON PLAN
NAME OF THE PRESENTER : - KULESHWAR SAHU
COURSE & YEAR : - M.Sc. Nursing 2nd year
SUBJECT : - Medical surgical nursing-II
TOPIC : - coronary artery disease
SAMPLE SIZE : - 60 person
DATE : - 13/02/2023
TIME : -13 MIN
VENUE : - Swami shri swaroopanand mahavidyalay hudko bhilai (c.g.)
METHOD OF TEACHING : -Video assessed teaching
MEDIA OF TEACHING/ A.V. AIDS : - Video
86
GENERAL OBJECTIVE:-
At the end of the video assisted teaching students will acquire knowledge about the prevention of coronary artery disease.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE:- The end of the video assisted teaching students will be able to:
 Introduction of coronary artery disease

 Define coronary artery disease
 Enumerate the risk factor of coronary artery disease
 Enlist the causes of coronary artery disease.
 List down various clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease
 Detail about diagnostics test for coronary artery disease
 Explain the complication coronary artery disease
 Explain the prevention of coronary artery disease
 Explain medical management of coronary artery disease
87
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
INTRODUCTION:-.Coronary artery disease is the most common form of heart disease in all over the world . A narrowing of the coronary arteries
prevents adequate blood supply to the heart muscle in this condition . Usually caused by atherosclerosis , it may progress to the point where the heart muscle
is damaged due to lack of blood supply . Such damage may result in infarction , arrhythmias , and heart failure .
S.No TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING LEARNING A.V. EVALUATION

OBJECTIV ACTIVITY ACTIVITY aids
E
1. 3min To define Video lecture Listening. Video Define coronary
coronary DEFINITION:- artery disease?
artery
disease CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS is the abnormal
accumulation of lipid or fatty substances or fatty atheroma (
plaque ) in the lumen of coronary artery
To Discussion What is risk
2, 5min describe RISK FACTOR and lecture Listening. factor of
risk factor MODIFIABLE coronary artery
Atherogenicdyslipidemia Cigarette smoking , tobacco use
of disease?
Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Physical inactivity or
coronary sedentary lifestyle Obesity W m
artery NON MODIFIABLE
disease Family history of premature CORONARY ARTERY
DISEASE in first degree relatives . Increasing age Gender-
male
Race -non white populations
88
4. 5min To enlist CAUSES- Discussion Listening. What are the
the cause Development of atherosclerosis ; Coronary artery disease is and lecture. cause of
of thought to begin with damage or injury to the inner layer of a coronary artery
coronary coronary artery , sometimes as early as childhood The damage disease?
artery may be caused by various factors , including
disease ▶ Smoking
► High blood pressure
► High cholesterol
► Diabetes or insulin resistance Sedentary lifestyle
5. 5min To list CLINICAL MANIFESTATION Discussion Listening What are the sign
down CARDIOVASCULAR and lecture and symptoms of
various  Angina pectoris coronary artery
clinical  Ischemia disease?
manifestati  Low cardiac output
on  Bradycardia ( Decrease pulse rate )
 Hypertension
ofcoronary  Myocardial infarction
artery  Diaphoresis -excessive sweating
disease  ECG changes
ST segment and T wave changes , also show tachycardia ,
bradycardia
 dysrhythmias .
6. 2min To detail DIAGNOSTICS EVALUATIONS Discussion Listening Which type of

about Physical Examination and lecture test perform in
diagnostic  History collection coronary artery
test for  ECG disease?
coronary  Coronary angiogram
artery  Stress test
disease  Complete blood count
 Lipid profile
89
8. 2min To discuss COMPLICATIONS : Discussion Listening What are the
about ► Chest pain ( angina ) and lecture complication of
complicati ▶ Heart attack coronary artery
on of ►Heart failure diseaserenal?
coronary ► Abnormal heart rhythm ( arrhythmia )
artery
disease
9. 3 min To detail PREVENTION : Discussion Listening How to prevent
about There are several ways you can reduce your risk of developing and lecture coronary artery
prevention coronary heart disease (CHD), such as lowering your blood disease?
of pressure and cholesterol levels.
coronary
Combining a healthy diet with regular exercise is the best
artery
way of maintaining a healthy weight. Having a healthy weight
disease reduces your chances of developing high blood pressure.
Regular exercise will make your heart and blood circulatory
system more efficient, lower your cholesterol level, and also
keep your blood pressure at a healthy level
Any aerobic exercise, such as walking, swimming and
dancing, makes your heart work harder and keeps it healthy
Making a commitment to the following healthy lifestyle
changes can go a long way toward promoting healthier arteries.
8 ways to prevent coronary artery disease-

1. uses of healthy diet-
fruit & vegetable
whole grain
legume
lean protein & fish
2. Stop smoking-
it lead to various type of health problem like HTN.
90
3. Get moving-
daily walking for 30 min in 5 times per week
4. Reduce alcohol intake

over drinking can lead to HTN
5. To manage the stress-

by using relaxation therapy we can overcome the stress. like
meditation, yoga.
6. developed healthy habit-

7. take care of your health status.
8.see your irregularly
DRUGS-
If you have CHD, you may be prescribed medicine to help
relieve your symptoms and stop further problems developing.
If you do not have CHD but have high cholesterol, high blood
pressure or a history of family heart disease, your doctor may
prescribe medicine to prevent you developing heart-related
problems.
Various drugs can be used to treat coronary artery disease ,
including
 Vasodilators ( These drugs acts as blood vessel dilator
) : Nitrates
 Beta - Blockers ( Decrease work load in heart ) :
Propranolol 20-40 mg
 Calcium channel blocker ( They improve coronary
blood flow ) : Nifedipine Verapamil.
 Anticoagulant Drugs : Heparin

 Opiate Analgesic ( For reduce pain ) ▶ Morphine
sulphate
 Thrombolytic Drugs : Streptokinase , Urokinase
91
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. LUCKMANN’S “TEXT BOOK OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING”
Edition: - 2016, Page no:-1037-1038, Published by: - Elsevier publication.
2. MOSBY “TEXT BOOK OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING”
Edition: - 7th edition, Page no: - 1023-1025, Published by:-. Elsevier publication.
3. BRUNNER AND SUDDARTH’S “TEXT BOOK OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING”
Edition:-.13th edition, Page: - 1331, Published by: - Wolter’skluwer.
4. ANSARI JAVED “MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING-I”
Edition:-3rd, page: - 554-568, published by: - PV publication.
5. JOYCE M. BLACK “MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING-I”
Edition:- 2015, page: - 626, published by:- Elsevier publication.
6. INTERNET:-
WWW.MEDIINDIA.COM
92

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CHAPTER-I

“HEALTH IS WEALTH AND LET OUR CHILDREN ENJOY GOOD HEALTH

According To Brunner and Siddhartha's" A narrowing of the coronary arteries that

According to WHO Report, et al, (2010) An estimated 17 million people die of

According to Enas, senthil Kumar A, et al, (2001) According to existing

NEED OF THE STUDY

The present study was undertaken at ChandulalChandrakar Memorial Hospital,

According to WHO Report, et al, (2003)

In today's world, most According to deaths are attributable to non communicable

According to GafferA, Reddy KS, Singhi M, et al, (2006)

According to Banerjee K, et al, (2006) Cross- sectional studies in India revealed

“A Study to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge

2. To assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding

Effectiveness: -Effectiveness is the capability of producing a desired result or the

Video assessed Teaching: - In this study , Video assessed Teaching refers to

Coronary Artery Disease: -Coronary Artery Disease (CORONARY ARTERY

1. Sample size is delimited to 60 arts students.

2. The study was delimited in 4 week.

3. The study was delimited in selected arts college Durg, Chhattisgarh.

J.W.KENNEY’S OPEN SYSTEM MODEL

The investigator assesses the demographic variables prior to pre-test knowledge

After processing input, the system returns output to the environment in an

According to Polit and Hungler Review of literature is a systematic search of

According to Basavanthappa B.T, "Review of literature is a systemic identification.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

 Studies related to knowledge on coronary artery disease

Studies related to knowledge on Coronary artery disease

According to Faraz Kureshi et al, (2014) Conducted a study to assess the

According to Guoxin Tong et al, (2013) Conducted study on Common variants in

Charles T. Upchurch, Eugene J. Barrett et al, (2012) conducted a study on review

Smith MM et al, (2011) Conducted a study on Coronary Artery disease knowledge

Studies related to structured teaching programme on prevention of coronary

Hislop TG, Shigeru S, Sadanobu K. et al, (2008) Conducted a field experiment

Goyal A, Yusuf S et al, (2006) Conducted a study on burden of cardiovascular

Tmmins . F. Kaliser M et al, ( 2004 ) Conducted a study to assess the perception of

Manta Chaudhary et al 2014, A cross sectional study was conducted in selected

Abdelmoneilm Awad; 2012, A descriptive cross - sectional survey was conducted in

Mangalyarkkarasi K: 2016, A descriptive research study was conducted on

Howard BV et al : 2006, A Randomized controlled trial was conducted in USA On

According to "Kerlinger" the design has two basic purposes:

1. To provide answer to research question.

According to Polit FD and Hungler’s RP (1999) research design is an overall

Research design is an investigators overall plan for obtaining answer to the

Research Tools – 1.Socio-demographic variables

INTERVENTION POST – TEST (7TH DAY)

FIGURE NO.2.-Schematic representation of research design. Descriptive

According to B.T Basvanthappa (2002) population refers to aggregate of

CRITERIA FOR SAMPLE SELECTION:-

FINDING OF THE PILOT STUDY

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE:

1. Poor Knowledge 0 – 20 0 – 33%

2. Average Knowledge 21 – 30 34 – 50%

3. Good Knowledge 31 – 60 51 – 100%

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

“A Study to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge

1. To assess the pre-test and post-test knowledge regarding prevention of coronary

 Section A: Distribution of participant with regards to demographic variable.

DISTRIBUTION OF PARTICIPANT WITH REGARDS TO

Table 4.1 Frequency and Percentage-wise distribution of participant with

Age in Years Frequency Percent

19-20 Years 21-22 Years 23-24 Years Above 24 Years

Fig. 4.1 Percentage-wise distribution of participant with regards to age in year.

Gender Frequency Percent