विद्युत अभिय ांत्रिकी विि ग Electrical Engineering Department

र ष्ट्रीय प्रौद्योगगकी सांस्थ न National Institute of Technology

ि रां गल Warangal
Academic Year: 2023-2024, Semester-II
Lecture Plan
Course & Course Code : EE465- Real Time Control of Power systems
Branch, Year & Semester : IV B.Tech. (EEE) II Sem
Name of the Faculty : Dr. A.V. Giridhar
No of contact hours/week : 3 Credits : 3
Class Work Start Day : 08-01-2024
Class Work Last Day : 06-04-2024
Evaluation:
Internal Assessment (Quiz / Test’s / Assignments & Attendance, etc.): 20 Marks
Mid Exam: 30 Marks :: End-Semester Examination : 50 Marks
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 Understand the structure of Real Time Control of Modern Power Systems.

CO2 Compute the number of Analog and Digital data points required at a Sub-station.
CO3 Understand the functionalities of Remote terminal units, SCADA and PMUs.
Identify the standard protocols required for SCADA and Communication systems for Load Dispatch Centers.
CO4

Lec No. Topics to be covered

1-2 Substation/ Generating Station :
Layout of substation / Generating Station, Main Equipment in Sub Station/ Generating Station,
3-4 Instrument Transformers and their importance in measurements and protection, important parameters necessary
for Grid operation: Analog Points (MW, MVar, Tap Position, Voltage, Frequency), Status Points (CB Status,
Isolator Status, SOE Points),
5-6 Alarms. Hardware required getting these parameters to RTU: Transducers & their connectivity.
Minor – I
7-9 Scada Functions: Introduction to SCADA: Grid Operation & Control, Difficulties in operating the large power
systems manually, need for going to SCADA operation, advantages of SCADA operation. Data Acquisition,
Monitoring and Event Processing, Control Functions, Time tagged data,
10-11 Disturbance data collection and analysis, Reports and Calculations Man Machine Communication: operator's
Console, VDU display and its use, operator dialogs. Mimic Diagram Functions and Printing Facilities.
Assignment and/ or Surprise Test
12-13 Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) &Communication Practices: Major Components: RTU Panel, Interface Panel.
D20M Main Processor, Analog Card, Status Card, Control Card, Modems.
14-16 Types Of Communications: Power Line Carrier Communications, Microwave, Optical fiber, VSAT
Communications.
17-18 Types of Network Elements in LAN & WAN. Process of Data Communication.
Mid Semester exam 30 marks
19-21 Sub-Load Dispatch Center (SUB-LDC): Various Equipment in Sub LDC: (a) Work Stations: details (b) FEPS:
Function of FEPS (Front End Processors).
22-24 (c) Routers: function of routers, interconnectivity of the equipment by LAN, Functionality and responsibilities of
Sub LDC.
Assignment and/ or Surprise Test
24-25 Introduction to SCADA Protocols and Communication Standards for Electrical Power Systems: Power
System Control requirements and evolution of Protocol for Communication,
26-28 Protocols - Modbus, Distributed Network Protocol (DNP), IEC 870-5 and 60870 series
29-30 Benefits from the IEC (International Electro technical Commission) communication Standards. (Ref:
www.dnp.org,www.modbus.org,www.kema.nl)
Minor Test-2 10 marks
31-32 Introduction to PMUs and role of PMUs
33-35 Computer Control of Electrical Power Systems: Evolution of System Control, time scale of system control,
online computer control,
36-37 Software Elements: State Estimation, Monitoring & Prediction, Generation & Load Control, Security Analysis;
Software Coordination & Systems Simulation.
38-39 State Load Dispatch Center (SLDC): Inter Connectivity of Sub-LDCs & SLDCs, Hierarchy of Data Transfer,
Functions & Responsibilities of SLDC, Real Time Operation carried at SLDC.
End Semester Examination 50 marks

Learning Resources:
Reading:
1. Mini S. Thomas and John D. McDonald, ‘Power System SCADA and Smart Grids, CRC Press.
2. Hassan Bevrani: Robust Power System Frequency Control, Power Electronics and Power Systems, Edition illustrated
Publisher Springer, 2009.
3. Michael John Howard Sterling: Power system control, Volume 6 of IEE control engineering series, Edition illustrated
Publisher Peregrinus [for] the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1978.
4. TorstenCegrell, “Power System Control- Technology", Prentice- Hall International series in systems and control
Engineering, Prentice- Hall International Ltd., 1986.
5. S. Bennett and D.A. Linkens (Editors): Real Time Computer Control, IEE Control Engineering series (24), peter
Peregrinus Ltd., 1984.
6. Real Time Systems by C.M. Krishna and Kangg. Shin, McGraw-Hill international companies, 1997.
7. Wolfgang Hauschild & E. Lemke: High-Voltage Test and measuring techniques, Springer Publishers, 2014

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