24/02/2024, 11:04 Novel applications of nanotechnology in medicine : Indian Journal of Medical Research

Novel applications of nanotechnology in

medicine : Indian Journal of Medical
Research
December 2009 - Volume 130 - Issue 6

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Review Article: PDF Only

Novel applications of nanotechnology in medicine

Surendiran, A.; Sandhiya, S.; Pradhan, S.C.; Adithan, C.

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Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education &
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Adithan, Director
collected Professor
through & Head,for
these technologies Department of Pharmacology,
Jawaharlal
various Institute
purposes, of Postgraduate
including Medical
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functionality, RejectDhanvantari
All Nagar,
Puducherry 605 006, India e-mail: adithan50@gmail.com
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24/02/2024, 11:04 Novel applications of nanotechnology in medicine : Indian Journal of Medical Research

Current modalities of diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, especially cancer have major
limitations such as poor sensitivity or specificity and drug toxicities respectively. Newer and
improved methods of cancer detection based on nanoparticles are being developed. They are used
as contrast agents, fluorescent materials, molecular research tools and drugs with targeting
antibodies. Paramagnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanoshells and nanosomes are few of the
nanoparticles used for diagnostic purposes. Drugs with high toxic potential like cancer
chemotherapeutic drugs can be given with a better safety profile with the utility of nanotechnology.
These can be made to act specifically at the target tissue by active as well as passive means. Other
modalities of therapy such as heat induced ablation of cancer cells by nanoshells and gene therapy
are also being developed. This review discusses the various platforms of nanotechnology being used
in different aspects of medicine like diagnostics and therapeutics. The potential toxicities of the
nanoparticles are also described in addition to hypothetical designs such as respirocytes and
microbivores. The safety of nanomedicine is not yet fully defined. However, it is possible that
nanomedicine in future would play a crucial role in the treatment of human diseases and also in
enhancement of normal human physiology.
© 2009 Indian Journal of Medical Research | Published by Wolters Kluwer – Medknow

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