Dynamic Reservoir Modelling

www.cmgl.ca

GEM
G
E
Generalized Equation of State Model Reservoir Simulator
GEM is a full Equation of State compositional reservoir
simulator with advanced features for modelling recovery
processes where the fluid composition affects recovery.
GEM also models Asphaltenes, Coal Bed Methane and the
Geochemistry for the sequestration of various gases including

M
Acid Gases and CO2.
GEM provides reservoir simulation capabilities that go beyond the
abilities of conventional black oil and K-value compositional simulators,
simulators,
including the effects of asphaltene precipitation
precipitation and plugging. It is also
the industry’s leading Coal Bed Methane (CBM) simulator, as it can
provide accurate early time water and methane production predictions, as
well as multi-component production predictions for Enhanced CBM
(ECBM) recovery. The ECBM features include extended Langmuir
Isotherms to model the preferential adsorption of CO2 and other gases
and models for coal shrinkage and swelling. The extensive capabilities for
representing asphaltene behavior and geochemical effects make GEM the
most robust compositional simulator available today.
The following is a general list of applications of GEM:

Hydrocarbon and Acid Gas Injection Primary & Enhanced Coal Bed Methane
• Multi
Multiple
ple contact
contact miscibilit
miscibility
y • Primary Depletion
• Sw
Swel
ellin
ling
g • Coal Shrinkage and Swelling
• Visco
Viscosity
sity reduc
reduction
tion • Flue Gas, CO2 and N2 Injection for enhanced
• Lower
Lowering
ing of interfacial
interfacial tension
tension CBM recovery
• Gas solubility
solubility in the
the aqueous
aqueous phase
• WAG proc
process
ess Green House Gas Sequestration
• Relati
Relative
ve permeability
permeability hysteresis
hysteresis • CO 2 and other acid gas storage
• VAPEX processes
processes for heavy
heavy oil • Aqueous equilibrium chemical reactions
• Molec
Molecular
ular diffusion
diffusion and convective dispersion
dispersion • Mineral dissolution and precipitation
• Asphaltene precipitation, flocculation, deposition
and plugging Thermal Effects
• Joule-Thompson near wellbore cooling
Gas, Gas Condensate and Volatile Oil • Deferential temperature water injection
• Gas Cycling
Cycling and
and Re-cycling
Re-cycling
• Conde
Condensate
nsate blocki
blocking
ng Fractured Reservoirs
• Unde
Undergrou
rground
nd Gas Storage
Storage • Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
• Hydraulically Fractured Reservoirs
• Fractured Gas Condensed Wells

• Gas-Oil Gravity Drainage

Advanced Features of Performance Enhancing Features
GEM include: • DynaGrid (Dynamic
(Dynamic Gridding) – fully dynamic grid refinement and
amalgamation. This unique feature places small grid blocks in the
Phase Equilibrium Models model where and when required and large blocks throughout the
remainder of the model. Typical model run time decreases range
• Equation of state for oil and gas
from 2 to 5 times.
• Henry’
Henry’ss law for gas solubility in the aqueous phase
• Solid model for asphaltene • Parrallel Processing
Processing – multi-CPU
multi-CPU parrallel processing
processing is supported CMG’s Suite of
• Activity coefficient model for ions in the
providing significant decreases in model run times. CMG’s unique Integrated
parallellization method enables ANY model to be parallellized
aqueous phase regardless of the complexity of the grid or the location of wells. Modelling Tools
• Water vaporization into the gas phase
• ParaDyne – this powerful combination
combination of parallel processing and
dynamic gridding multiplies the run time reduction factors from both
Modelling of CO2 and Other Acid Gases options, resulting in reductions of 3 to 30 times depending on model
parameters and number of CPU’CPU’ss utilized. TECHNOLOGY
• Comprehensive modelling of gas solubility in the
LAUNCHER
aqueous phase
• Comprehensive geochemistry: intra aqueous
reactions, and mineral dissolution Advanced Gridding Options
and precipitation • Fundamental Grid options: Cartesian, Corner-Point,
Cylindrical, & fully unstructured BUILDER
Pre-Processing
CBM & ECBM Modelling • Multi-Level, Static or Recurrent Local Grid Refinement (LGR) Applications
• Standard and Extended multi-component • Dynamic Gridding (DynaGrid) – fully dynamic grid
Langmuir Isotherms refinement and amalgamation
• Palmer-M
Palmer-Mansoori
ansoori Shrinkage/Swelling (standard &
multi-component) Comprehensive Well Management IMEX
IMplicit-EXplicit
• Full featured production
production and injection well controls Black Oil Simulator
Asphaltene Modelling • Field, group, platform,
platform, and well
well level controls
• Thermodynamic model
model for asphaltene precipitation • Targets, constraints,
constraints, and monitoring
monitoring
• Reaction kinetics
kinetics for asphaltene
asphaltene flocculation
flocculation • Well and group
group hierarchies
hierarchies
• Surface deposition,
deposition, plugging and re-entrainment
re-entrainment STARS
• Voidage replacement
replacement Steam, Thermal
• Gas lift optimiza
optimization
tion and Advanced process
ReservoirSimulator
Separators
• EOS modelling for surface
surface separators with
with gas Well, Well Group & Surface Manifold Modelling
plant separator stages
• Fully Coupled Wellbore modelling
modelling via source/sink well
well model,
• Optimize separator
separator conditions for best overall GEM
• Wellbore hydraulics via hydraulics tables or correlations
correlations
recovery Compositional Simulator
• Mult
Multi-Lat
i-Lateral
eral Wells
Naturally and Hydraulically Fractured
Reservoir Modelling Multiple Platform Support, Windows, Linux, UNIX
• Dual poros
porosity
ity GEM supports the following Operating Systems
• Dual permeabi
permeability
lity Windows XP (32 bit and x64) WINPROP
• Sub-domain dual permeability Linux: Red Hat 7.3 (32 bit) and Red Hat Enterprise 3.0 (64 bit) Phase Behavior Analysis

• Matrix-fracture
Matrix-fracture diffusion IBM AIX 5L (5.1 & higher)
• Multi-phase non-Darcy flow
• Rate dependant
dependant relative permeability
• Integrated to Pinnacle Technologies,
Technologies, Inc.’s
Inc.’s
RESULTS
FracProPT fracture design software Post-Processing
• Integrated to Fracture Technologies
Technologies Ltd’s
Ltd’s Applications
WellWhiz well, completion and fracture
design software

For more information or to arrange a demonstration of GEM’s capabilities in your

office, contact any of the CMG Marketing and Sales offices worldwide:
Head Office: (Calgary, Canada) 1-403-531-1300 Fax: 1-403-289-8502 Email: cmgl@cmgl.ca

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86-10-6209-8540 58-212-993-3990 1-281-872-8500 44-1491-832-447