In recent conflicts, various tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) and technologies have been

adopted by different armed forces to gain an advantage over their adversaries. Some examples
of these are:

1. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): UAVs or drones have been increasingly used in conflicts
to provide intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities, and to carry
out targeted strikes on enemy positions. For example, in the ongoing conflict in Yemen,
the Saudi-led coalition has extensively used drones to strike Houthi rebel positions.
2. Cyber warfare: Cyber warfare involves the use of computer networks and digital
technology to disrupt or destroy enemy systems. During the conflict in Ukraine, for
instance, Russian hackers targeted Ukrainian government and military websites, causing
disruption and chaos.
3. Special operations forces (SOF): SOF units are specialized units that conduct covert or
overt operations to achieve strategic or operational objectives. These units have been
used in conflicts such as the war in Afghanistan and the war on terror to gather
intelligence, carry out targeted strikes, and train local forces.
4. Precision-guided munitions (PGMs): PGMs are weapons that can be guided to their
targets with a high degree of accuracy. These weapons have been extensively used in
recent conflicts, such as the war in Syria, to minimize collateral damage and civilian
casualties.
5. Network-centric warfare (NCW): NCW refers to a military doctrine that emphasizes the
use of information technology to enable rapid communication and coordination between
different units on the battlefield. This doctrine has been adopted by various armed forces,
including the US military, to gain an edge in modern conflicts.

In summary, recent conflicts have seen the adoption of various TTPs and technologies by
different armed forces to gain an advantage over their adversaries. The use of these tools has
become increasingly important in modern warfare, and it is likely that they will continue to evolve
and shape future conflicts.

India has been involved in several conflicts in recent years, including the ongoing border dispute
with China, counter-insurgency operations in Jammu and Kashmir, and cross-border terrorism from
Pakistan. The adoption of tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) and technology has been crucial
in these conflicts to ensure the safety and success of Indian armed forces.

Border dispute with China: In the recent border conflict with China, India adopted a combination of
traditional and modern tactics. The Indian Army used old-fashioned infantry combat techniques,
combined with modern technology such as drones and satellite imagery to monitor Chinese troop
movements. The Indian Air Force also deployed fighter jets and transport planes to airlift troops and
supplies to remote areas.

Counter-insurgency operations in Jammu and Kashmir: The Indian Army has been engaged in
counter-insurgency operations in Jammu and Kashmir for several years. In these operations, the
Army has adopted a variety of TTPs, including special forces operations, targeted strikes, and close-
quarter combat tactics. The Army also uses technology such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and
thermal imagers to monitor the movement of militants and detect hidden weapons caches.

Cross-border terrorism from Pakistan: India has been facing cross-border terrorism from Pakistan for
many years. To combat this threat, India has adopted a variety of tactics, including surgical strikes,
intelligence-based operations, and border fencing. The Indian Army has also deployed modern
technology such as ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and hand-held thermal imagers to detect and
neutralize improvised explosive devices (IEDs).

Overall, the adoption of TTPs and technology has been crucial in ensuring the safety and success of
Indian armed forces in recent conflicts. It has allowed for better situational awareness, improved
communication and coordination, and more effective targeting of enemy forces. However, there is
always room for improvement, and India must continue to innovate and adopt new tactics and
technology to stay ahead of evolving threats.