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1 The shape of a protein is very important for its function.

Explain the importance of shape for the function of an enzyme.

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[Total: 3]

2 Enzymes are biological catalysts.

Define the term catalyst.

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[Total: 2]
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3 Catalase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

The effect of temperature on catalase activity was investigated.

The results are shown in the graph.

State one factor other than temperature that affects enzyme activity.

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[Total: 1]
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4 The cut surface of an apple usually turns brown when exposed to air. This is caused by enzymes.

Three slices of apple were given different treatments and were then exposed to air for 30 minutes.

The table shows the treatments and appearance of the apple slices.

appearance of the
appearance of the
apple slice pH temperature / °C apple slice after
apple slice at 0 minutes
30 minutes

A 6 20 white brown

B 2 20 white white

C 6 4 white white

Suggest why slice B and slice C did not turn brown after 30 minutes.

slice B ......................................................................................................................................

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slice C ......................................................................................................................................

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[Total: 2]

5 The diagram is of DNA.

(a) (i) State the letter of the base that pairs with A.

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(ii) State the letters of the other bases in DNA.

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[Total: 2]

6 The table shows the results of some food tests.

Which row shows a food containing both protein and starch?

Benedict’s iodine
biuret test ethanol
solution solution

A blue blue clear blue-black

B blue purple clear blue-black
C red blue cloudy brown
D red purple cloudy brown

[1]

[Total: 1]

7 Which substance contains nitrogen?

A fat
B glucose
C protein
D starch
[1]

[Total: 1]
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8 A plant was not watered for one week.

Look at a series of photographs of the plant during the week.

Explain how the lack of water has affected the support of the leaves of the plant shown in the
photographs.

Use the term turgor pressure in your answer.

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[Total: 3]