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Stat & Prob Quarter 3 Module 2 ( Final)

Accountancy (STI College)

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WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM

OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL GRADE

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 11/12

3
LEARNING QUARTER

MODULE WEEK 2

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MODULE IN
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

QUARTER 3
WEEK 2

Mean and Variance of Discrete

Probability Distributions
Development Team

Writers: Jerick S. Paltong Michael G. Calipjo

Ma. Teresa R. Pascual
Editors/Reviewers: Gregorio C. Agatep, Jr. Gerson Jeremy C. Antonio
Myla Fei Martinez
Illustrator: Jeshimon C. Patoc
Layout Artist: Jerick S. Paltong
Management Team:
Vilma D. Eda Arnel S. Bandiola
Lourdes B. Arucan Juanito V. Labao
Marlyn S. Ventura

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What I Need to Know

This module allows you to explore more about discrete probability distribution. It also
discusses computing probabilities that correspond to a given random variable. Moreover, you
will learn how to illustrate and find the mean and variance of a discrete random variable.

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

The learner:

1. computes probabilities corresponding to a given random variable.

2. illustrates the mean and variance of a discrete random variable.
3. calculates the mean and variance of a discrete random variable.

Objectives:

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

1. compute probabilities corresponding to a given random variable.

2. illustrate the mean and variance of a discrete random variable.
3. calculate the mean and variance of a discrete random variable.

What I Know
Direction: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Suppose you are constructing a probability distribution of a random variable W representing

the number of girls in a family with three children. Which of the following distributions best
represents the problem?

A. B.

C. D.

2. Which formula gives the probability distribution shown by the table?

X 2 3 6
P(X) 1 1 1
2 3 6

1 𝑥 6 1
A. P(X) = B. P(X) = C. P(X) = D. P(X) =
𝑥 6 𝑥 6

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𝑥
3. If P(X) = , what are the possible values of X for it to be a probability distribution?
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A. 0, 2, 3 B. 2, 3, 4 C. 1, 2, 3 D. 1, 1, 2

For items 4 to 5, compute the probabilities corresponding to a given random variable. Refer to
the probability distribution below.

Z 1 2 3 4 5
P(Z) 1 2 1 2 1
9 9 3 9 9

4. Find P(Z ≥ 3).

1 2 4 5
A. B. C. D.
3 3 9 9

5. Find P(Z < 5).

1 2 5 8
A. B. C. D.
3 3 9 9

6. How does computing the mean of a probability distribution and a frequency distribution
similar?
A. Find the sum of the values of each random variable and its corresponding
probabilities.
B. Find the product of the values of each random variable and its corresponding
probabilities.
C. Find the sum of the product of the values of each random variable and its
corresponding probabilities.
D. Find the product of the sum of the values of each random variable and its
corresponding probabilities.

7. The random variable X representing the number of nuts in a chocolate bar has the following
probability distribution. What is the average number of nuts in a chocolate bar?

X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 1/10 3/10 3/10 2/10 1/10

A. 1.8 B. 1.9 C. 2.0 D. 2.1

For items 8 to 9, refer to the probability distribution below.

Z 2 4 6 8
P(Z) 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.1

8. Find the variance of the probability distribution of the random variable Z.

A. 4.64 B. 4.65 C. 4.66 D. 4.67

9. What is its standard deviation?

A. 2.14 B. 2.15 C. 2.16 D. 2.17

10. Below is a probability distribution of the number of Math failures in senior high students.
X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 0.41 0.38 ? 0.08 0.02

Calculate P(X = 2).

A. 0.09 B. 0.10 C. 0.11 D. 0.12

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Lesson PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION AND ITS
1 PROPERTIES (PART 2)

What’s In

In our previous discussion, we talked about random variables. There are two types of
a random variable: discrete random variable and continuous random variable. A random
variable is discrete when its set of possible outcomes is countable. However, it is continuous
if it represents measured data or has values on a continuous scale.

We also talked about the discrete probability distribution. It is a table showing all
the possible values of a discrete random variable together with their corresponding
probabilities. A distribution could be a discrete probability distribution if and only if the following
properties are satisfied:

If X is a random variable with n elements, then

a. Each of the probabilities, P(x), has a value ranging from 0 to 1.
0 ≤ P(x) ≤ 1
b. The sum of the probabilities must add up to 1.
P(x1) + P(x2) + P(x3) +…+ P(xn) = ΣP(x) = 1
The activity below requires you to recall the concepts on constructing discrete
probability distribution.

Activity 1: Construct Probability Distribution

Directions: Given a problem below, copy the table and construct a discrete probability
distribution and answer the questions that follow. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

Problem:
If four eggs are taken from the basket one after the other, let us determine the possible
values of the random variable R representing the number of rotten eggs.

P(R)

Questions:
What is the probability when three bananas are taken from a basket which has/have:
1. no rotten eggs?
2. 1 one rotten egg?
3. 2 rotten eggs?
4. 3 rotten eggs?

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What’s New
Activity 2: What Is My Value?
Directions: Using the table below, answer the following questions. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
Three biased coins are tossed. The figure below shows the probability distribution of a
random variable X that represents the number of heads.
X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 1/7 3/7 1/7 2/7

What is the probability of tossing three unfair coins if at the same time they have:
1. three heads?
2. greater than one head?
3. at most two heads?
4. greater than one but less than three heads?
5. at least one head?

What is It
To understand more about probability distributions and how to compute probabilities
corresponding to a given random variable, study the following concepts.
Probability Mass Function
If X is a random variable defined by the number of tails in three tosses of a coin, the
sample space (S) would be:
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT}
Therefore, X = {0, 1, 2, 3}

Thus, we can say that P(0) = 1/8, P(1) = 3/8, P(2) = 3/8 and P(3) = 1/8. The probability
distribution is:
X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8
Another way of thinking about a probability distribution is to consider it as a function.
We denote P(X) as a function of x or f(x); thus, we can have the function with ordered pair (x,
f(x)). In this case, the discrete probability distribution becomes a probability mass function.
Note: P(X = x) is the same as P(X).
The probability mass function has the same characteristics/properties as the
discrete probability distribution. Each probability in the distribution ranges from 0 through 1,
and the sum of the probabilities is equal to 1.

Example:
What will be the probability of tossing three coins at the same time if they have:
a. three tails?
b. greater than one tail?

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c. less than two tails?

d. greater than 0 but less than three tails?
Solution:
a. This can be written in symbols as P(X = 3) or P(3).
P(3) = 1/8

b. This could be written in symbols as P(X > 1).

The probabilities that are greater than 1 tail are P(2) and P(3). So we must add the
two probabilities.
P(X < 1) = P(2) + P(3)
= 3/8 + 1/8
=4/8 or ½
P(X < 1) = ½

c. This can be written in symbols as P(X < 2).

The probabilities that are less than two tails are P(0) and P(1). So we must add the
two probabilities.
P(X < 2) = P(0) + P(1)
= 1/8 + 3/8
= 4/8 or ½
P(X < 2) = ½

d. This can be written in symbols as P(0 < X < 3).

The probabilities that are greater than 0 but less than 3 are P(1) and P(2). So we
must add the two probabilities.
P(0 < X < 3) = P(1) + P(2)
= 3/8 + 3/8
= 6/8 or 3/4
P(0 < X < 3) = ¾

Note: Always remember these inequality symbols.

< Is less than
> Is greater than
≤ Is less than or equal to, at
most
≥ Is greater than or equal to, at
least

What’s More

Activity 3: What is Missing?

Directions: Find the missing value to make the distribution a probability distribution or a
probability mass function. Show your complete solution. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Find P(2).
X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 0.16 0.25 ? 0.30 0.05

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2. Determine k.

X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 0.4 2k 0.1 0.25 0.1

Activity 4: What is the Corresponding Probability?

The daily demand for copies of a movie magazine at a variety store has the probability
distribution as follows:

Number of Copies X Probability P(X)

0 0.06
1 0.14
2 0.16
3 0.14
4 0.12
5 0.10
6 0.08
7 0.07
8 0.06
9 0.04
10 0.03

Directions: By using the probability distribution given below, find the probability that
corresponds with each item. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
a. P(X = 3)
b. P(x > 4)
c. P(x < 9)
d. P( 0 < x < 5)
e. P(x ≤ 5)
f. What is the probability that three or more copies will be needed on a particular
day?
g. What is the probability that the demand will be at least two but not more than
six?

What I Have Learned

A probability distribution is considered as a function. We denote P(x) as a function of
x or f(x); thus we can have the function with ordered pair (x, f(x)). In this case, the discrete
probability distribution becomes a probability mass function.

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Lesson
MEAN OF A DISCRETE
2 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

What’s In
Activity 1: Summation Notation

This activity requires you to recall the concepts about summation. Remember that a
summation notation (or sigma notation Σ) allows us to write a long sum in a single expression.
For example, given the values of X and Y, study how to find the value of the following sums.

X1 = 5 X2 = 1 X3 = 6
Y1 = 4 Y2 = 1 Y3 = 0

1. ΣX = X1 + X2 + X3 3. ΣXY = X1Y1 + X2Y2 + X3Y3

=5+1+6 = (5)(4) + (1)(1) + (6)(0)
= 12 = 20 + 1+ 0
= 21

2. ΣY = Y1 + Y2 + Y3 4. Σ(X+Y) = (X1 + Y1) + (X2 + Y2) + (X3 + Y3)

= 4 + 1+ 0 = (5 + 4) + (1 + 1) + (6 + 0)
=5 =9+2+6
= 17
Guide Questions:
1. What did you notice in each notation?
2. How did we get the value of each notation?
Activity 2: Finding the Mean Score

Before we begin the activity, let us recall the concepts about the mean. The mean is the
average of the numbers: a calculated “central” value of a set of numbers. To calculate it: add
up all the numbers, then divide by how many numbers there are. This calculation is commonly
used when the set of numbers are ungrouped.

In this activity, our main focus is finding the mean of grouped data. In getting the mean,
∑ 𝑓𝑥
we use this formula 𝑥̅ =
𝑛
where 𝑥̅ – mean score
f – frequency
x – score
n – total number of frequencies
To find the mean score, we follow these steps. First, multiply each score (x) by its
corresponding frequency (f). Second, get the sum of their products (∑ 𝑓𝑥). Last, divide the
sum of the products by the total number of frequencies(n).

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For a better understanding of the mean, answer the given problem below.

Directions: Given the table below showing the scores of 40 students in a test, compute the
mean score. Show your complete solution. Write your answers on a separate sheet
of paper

Score (X) Number of Students (f)

42 8

50 12

53 9

38 7

46 4

What’s New

Study the steps shown below. Then, make some observations on getting the mean of
a probability distribution.

Knowing More about Mean of a Probability Distribution

Consider rolling a die. What is the average number of spots that would appear? The
following activity will help you answer this question.

Step 1. Construct the probability distribution for the random variable X representing the
number of spots that would appear.

Number of Probability P(X)

Spots X
1 1
6
2 1
6
3 1
6
4 1
6
5 1
6
6 1
6

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Step 2. Multiply the value of the random variable X by the corresponding probability.
Number of Probability P(X) X●P(X)
Spots X
1 1 1
6 6
2 1 2
6 6
3 1 3
6 6
4 1 4
6 6
5 1 5
6 6
6 1 6
6 6

Step 3. Add the results obtained in step 2

Number of Probability P(X) X●P(X)
Spots X
1 1 1
6 6
2 1 2
6 6
3 1 3
6 6
4 1 4
6 6
5 1 5
6 6
6 1 6
6 6
21
ΣX●P(X) = 6
= 3.5

Conclusion: The average number of spots that would appear when rolling a die is 3.5.

What is It
Mean of a Discrete Random Variable

The mean or expected value of a discrete random variable is computed using this
formula:
𝜇 = ΣX●P(X)
where 𝜇 = mean or expected value*
X = outcome or value of the random variable
P(X) = probability of outcome X

*Note: Mean or expected value is also denoted as E(X).

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Steps in Finding the Mean of a Discrete Random Variable

Step 1. Construct the probability distribution.
Step 2. Multiply the value of the random variable X by the corresponding probability.
Step 3. Add the results obtained in step 2.

Illustrative Examples:
1. A random variable X has this probability distribution:
X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 0.13 0.44 0.34 0.09

Find the mean or expected value of x.

SOLUTION:
X P(X) X●P(X)
0 0.13 0
1 0.44 0.44
2 0.34 0.68
3 0.09 0.27
ΣX●P(X) = 1.39
E(X) = ΣX. P(X)
= 1.39
Therefore, the mean or expected value is 1.39.

2. A random variable X has this probability distribution:

X 0 1 2 3 4
1 3 3 2 1
P(X)
10 10 10 10 10

Find the mean or expected value of x.

SOLUTION:
X P(X) X●P(X)
0 1 0
10
1 3 3
10 10
2 3 6
10 10
3 2 6
10 10
4 1 4
10 10
ΣX●P(X) = 19 = 1.9 10
𝜇 = ΣX●P(X)
= 1.9
Therefore, the mean or expected value is 1.9.

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What’s More

Activity 3: Let Us Do It!

Directions: Complete the table below and find the mean of the probability distribution.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1.

X P(X) X•P(X)
1 4
9
3 2
9
5 1
9
7 2
9
𝜇=
2.

X P(X) X•P(X)
2 0.10
4 0.23
6 0.25
8 0.36
10 0.06
𝜇=

What I Have Learned

1. The mean or expected value of a discrete random variable is computed using this formula:
𝜇 = ΣX●P(X)
where 𝜇 = mean or expected value*
X = outcome or value of the random variable
P(X) = probability of outcome X

*Note: Mean or expected value is also denoted as E(X).

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Lesson VARIANCE OF A
DISCRETE PROBABILITY
3 DISTRIBUTION

What’s In

This activity helps the learners to look back at the concept of getting variance of a
frequency distribution. It will give them the idea of computing for the variance of a discrete
probability distribution.

Activity 1: Variance of Frequency Distribution

Directions: Study the steps on finding the variance of the frequency distribution.

Compute the variance of this frequency distribution.

Score Number of Students

5 3
8 5
10 4
12 5
15 3

Σ𝑓𝑋
Step 1: Compute the mean by using the formula 𝑥̅ = .
𝑛
Number
Score of
f•X
X Students
f
5 3 15
8 5 40
10 4 40
12 5 60
15 3 45
n = 20 Σ𝑓●X= 200
Σ𝑓𝑋 200
𝑋̅ = = = 10
𝑛 20

Step 2: Subtract the mean from each score. Square the results.
X f X-𝑿 ̅ (𝐗 − 𝑿 ̅ )𝟐
5 3 -5 25
8 5 -2 4
10 4 0 0
12 5 2 4
15 3 5 25

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Step 3: Multiply the results by the corresponding frequency. Add the results in the f●(X - 𝑋̅)2.
̅ ̅ )𝟐 𝒇 • (𝐗 − 𝑿 ̅ )𝟐
X f X-𝑿 (𝐗 − 𝑿
5 3 -5 25 75

8 5 -2 4 20

10 4 0 0 0

12 5 2 4 20

15 3 5 25 75

n=20 Σ𝑓(X − 𝑋̅)2 = 190

Step 4: Compute the variance using the formula.

Σf(X − 𝑋̅ )2
𝜎2 =
𝑛
190
=
20
2
𝜎 = 9.5
To get the standard deviation, get the square root of the variance.

𝜎 = √9.5 ≈ 3.08 (Round off to the nearest hundredths)

What’s New

Activity 2: Knowing More about Variance of a Probability Distribution

Directions: Study the steps shown below. Then, make some observations on getting the
variance of a probability distribution. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

The number of cars sold per day at a local car dealership and its corresponding
probabilities are shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and the standard
deviation of the probability distribution.

Number of Cars Sold Probability

X P(X)
1
0
10
2
1
10
3
2
10
2
3
10
2
4
10

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Step 1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.

X P(X) X●P(X)
1
0 0
10
2 2
1
10 10
3 6
2
10 10
2 6
3
10 10
2 8
4
10 10
22
ΣX●P(X)= 10
22
𝜇 = 10 = 2.2

Step 2: Subtract the mean from each probability of the distribution. Square the results.
X P(X) X−𝝁 (𝐗 − 𝝁)𝟐
1
0 -2.2 4.84
10
2
1 -1.2 1.44
10
3
2 -0.2 0.04
10
2
3 0.8 0.64
10
2
4 1.8 3.24
10
Step 3: Multiply the results by the corresponding probability. Add the results in the
P(X)●(X-𝜇)2.
X P(X) X−𝜇 (𝐗 − 𝜇)𝟐 P(X)●(𝐗 − 𝜇)𝟐
1
0 -2.2 4.84 0.484
10
2
1 -1.2 1.44 0.288
10
3
2 -0.2 0.04 0.012
10
2
3 0.8 0.64 0.128
10
2
4 1.8 3.24 0.648
10
ΣP(X)●(𝐗 − 𝜇)𝟐 = 1.56

Step 4: Compute the variance using the formula.

𝜎 2 = ΣP(x)•(X – 𝜇)2
𝜎 2 = 1.56
To get the standard deviation, get the square root of the variance.

𝜎 = √1.56 ≈ 1.25 (Round off to the nearest hundredths)

Therefore, the variance of the probability distribution (𝝈𝟐 ) is 1.56, and its standard
deviation (𝝈) is 1.25.

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What do you notice on finding the variance of a frequency distribution to a probability

distribution variance?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

What is It

Formula for the Variance and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Probability Distribution

The formula below gives the variance of a discrete probability distribution:

𝜎 2 = ΣP(X)•(X − 𝜇)2
The formula below gives the standard deviation of a discrete probability distribution:

𝜎 = √ΣP(X) • (X − 𝜇)2

where:
X = value of the random variable
P(X) = probability of the random variable X
𝜇 = mean of the probability distribution

The variance and standard deviation can be obtained using a shorter formula and
procedure.

Alternative Procedure for the Variance and Standard Deviation of a Discrete

Probability Distribution

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.

2. Multiply the square of the value of the random variable X by its corresponding
probability.
3. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 2.
4. Subtract the mean from the results obtained in Step 3.
Illustrative Example:
Find the variance and standard deviation of the table using the alternative formula.
Number of Cars Sold Probability
X P(X)
0 1
10
1 2
10
2 3
10
3 2
10
4 2
10

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Step 1: Find the mean of the probability distribution.

X P(X) X●P(X)
1
0 0
10
2 2
1
10 10 22
3 6 𝜇= = 2.2
10
2
10 10
2 6
3
10 10
2 8
4
10 10

Step 2: Multiply the square of the value of the random variable X by its corresponding
probability.
X P(X) X. P(X) X2•P(X)
1 1
0 0 02 • = 0
10 10
2 2 2 2
1 12 • =
10 10 10 10
3 6 3 12
2 22 • =
10 10 10 10
2 6 2 18
3 32 • =
10 10 10 10
2 8 2 32
4 4 • =
2
10 10 10 10

Step 3: Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 2.

X P(X) X. P(X) X2• P(X)
1 1
0 0 02 • = 0
10 10
2 2 2 2
1 12 • =
10 10 10 10
3 6 3 12
2 22 • =
10 10 10 10
2 6 2 18
3 3 • =
2
10 10 10 10
2 8 2 32
4 42 • =
10 10 10 10
64
ΣX . P(X) = = 6.4
2
10

Step 4: Subtract the mean from the results obtained in Step 3.

The formula for the variance of a probability distribution is
𝜎2 = ΣX • P(X) – 𝜇2
2

The standard deviation is the square root of the variance. Thus,

𝜎=√ Σ𝑥2 • P(X) – 𝜇2

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The variance is:

Σ
𝜎 2 = X2•P(X) – 𝜇2
= 6.4 – (2.2)2
= 1.56
The standard deviation is:
𝜎 = √1.56 ≈ 1.25
What is the alternative formula in finding the variance of a probability distribution?
__________________________________________________

What is the alternative formula in finding the standard deviation of a probability distribution?
__________________________________________________

What’s More
Activity 3: Let Us Do It!

Directions: Complete the table below and find the variance and standard deviation of the
following probability distributions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1.

X P(X) X•P(X) X-𝜇 (X − 𝜇)2 f(X − 𝜇 )2

1 4
9
3 2
9
5 1
9
7 2
9
𝜇= 𝜎2=
𝜎=

2.

X P(X) X•P(X) X2•P(X)

1 4
9
3 2
9
5 1
9
7 2
9
𝜇=
ΣX 22
•P(X) =

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What I Have Learned

Formula for the Variance and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Probability Distribution

The formula gives the variance of a discrete probability distribution:

𝜎 2 = ΣP(X)• (X − 𝜇)2
The formula gives the standard deviation of a discrete probability distribution:
𝜎 = √ΣP(X) • (X − 𝜇)2
where:
X = value of the random variable
P(X) = probability of the random variable X
𝜇 = mean of the probability distribution

Alternative Formula for the Variance and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Probability
Distribution
The formula for the variance of a probability distribution is
𝜎 2 = ΣX2• P(X) – 𝜇 2
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance. Thus,
𝜎 = √Σ𝑥 2 • P(X) – 𝜇2

What I Can Do
Activity 4: Math Tutor Be Like

Directions: Read the given problem and do what is asked. A rubric for the evaluation of output
is also provided on the next page.

Suppose that you have a friend who struggles to understand our lesson about the variance
and standard deviation of a discrete probability distribution. As his/her tutor, you want to help
him/ her understand it. In this activity, you will show how you would explain to him/her through
a letter so that he/she can understand the topic. Below is a discrete probability distribution that
is needed to be explained in finding the variance and standard deviation.

X 6 7 8 9 10
P(X) 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

Note: You may use the original formula or the alternative formula in finding the variance and
standard deviation of the given probability distribution.

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CRITERIA 4 3 2 1
Outstanding Satisfactory Developing Beginning
Content Substantial, Sufficiently Limited content Superficial and/or
specific and/or developed content with inadequate minimal content
illustrative with adequate elaboration or
demonstrating elaboration or explanation.
strong explanation
development and
sophisticated
ideas.
Completeness The solutions are The solutions are The solutions are The solutions are
of the solution correct, well correct and correct but not correct and
organized, and complete. incomplete. incomplete.
complete.
Focus Sharp, distinct Apparent point No apparent point Minimal evidence
controlling point made about a but evidence of a of the topic.
made about a single topic with specific topic.
single topic with sufficient
evident awareness of task.
awareness of
task.
Conventions Evident control of Sufficient control Limited control of Minimal control of
grammar, of grammar, grammar, grammar,
mechanics, mechanics, mechanics, mechanics,
spelling, usage spelling, usage spelling, usage spelling, usage
and sentence and sentence and sentence and sentence
formation formation formation formation

Assessment
Directions: Read each item carefully. Select the correct answer among the choices given
and write the letter of your choice. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which formula gives the probability distribution shown by the table?

X 1 2 3 4
P(X) 1 1 1 1
4 4 4 4
1
A. P(X) = B. P(X) = x + 2
2𝑥
𝑥+2 1
C. P(X) = D. P(X) =
𝑥 4

For nos. 2 – 3, refer to the given probability distribution. Compute the probabilities
corresponding to a given random variable.
Z 1 2 3 4 5
P(Z) 1 2 1 2 1
9 9 3 9 9

2. Find P(z ≥ 4).

1 2 4 5
A. B. C. D.
3 3 9 9

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3. Find P(2 < z < 4).

1 2 1 5
A. B. C. D.
3 3 9 9

4. Find P(z > 4).

1 2 1 5
A. B. C. D.
3 3 9 9

For nos. 5 – 7, refer to the probability distribution shown below.

Z 0 1 2 3
P(Z) 1 3 3 1
8 8 8 8

5. What is the mean of the probability distribution?

A. 1.2 B. 1.5
C. 1.6 D. 1.8

6. What is the variance of the probability distribution?

A. 0.50 B. 0.75
C. 1.00 D. 1.25

7. What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution?

A. 0.71 B. 0.87
C. 1.00 D. 1.12

For nos. 8 – 10, refer to the problem shown below.

The values of the random variable Z are 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8, given that the corresponding
1
probability of each value is .
5

8. What is the mean of the probability distribution?

A. 1.5 B. 2.0
C. 3.5 D. 4.0

9. What is the variance of the probability distribution?

A. 10.4 B. 11.4
C. 12.4 D. 13.4

10. What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution?

A. 3.22 B. 3.38
C. 3.52 D. 3.66

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23
What I Know What’s More
1. C Activity 3: Mean of Probability
2. A Distribution
3. B 1. 3.22 2. 6.1
4. A
5. D Lesson 3
6. C What’s New
7. B Activity 2: Knowing More about Variance
8. A of Probability Distribution
9. B (Answers may vary)
10. C
What’s More
Lesson 1 Activity 3: Let Us Do It!
What’s In
Activity 1: Constructing Probability
Distribution

𝜇 = 3.22
R 0 1 2 3 4

𝜎 2 = 16.84
P(R)

𝜎 = 4.1
Assessment
1. D 6. B
1 1 3 1 1
1. 3. 2. A 7. D
16 4 8 4 16
1 3
3. A 8. D
2. 4.
16 8
4. C 9. B
1 1
5. B 10.B
4 4
What’s New
Activity 2: What is My Value?
1. 4.
1 4
2. 5.
7 7
3 6
3.
7 7
5
7
What’s More
Activity 3: What is Missing?
1. 0.24
2. 0.075
Activity 4: What is the Corresponding
Probability?
a. 0.14 e. 0.72
b. 0.38 f. 0.64
c. 0.93 g. 0.52
d. 0.56
Lesson 2
What’s In
Activity 1: Summation Notation
(answers may vary)
Activity 2: Mean Score
46.575
Answer Key
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References
Belecina, R., Baccay, E., Mateo, E. (2016). Statistics and Probability. Philippines: Rex
Publishing

Alonzo, George A. (2017). Statistics and Probability for Senior High School: Salinlahi
Publishing House, Inc.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Laoag City

Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)
Brgy. 23 San Matias, Laoag City 2900
Contact Number: (077) 771-3678
Email Address: laoag.city@deped.gov.ph

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