Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. headache B. character C. stomach D. challenging
Question 2: A. purpose B. pursuit C. persuade D. perceive
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position
of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. dialect B. diagram C. diagonal D. diamond
Question 4: A. obsolete B. complete C. compete D. deplete
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
Question 5: Many successful film directions are former actors who desire to expand their experiences in
A B C D
the film industry.
Question 6: The earth is the only planet with a large number of oxygen in its atmosphere.
A B C D
Question 7: During a depression, economic conditions are far worst than they are during a recession.
A B C D
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 8: It _______ rains whenever I go out without my umbrella.
A. continually B. typically C. rapidly D. invariably
Question 9: We _______ today and I got into trouble because I hadn't done it.
A. were checked our homework B. had our homework checked
C. have our homework checking D. had checked our homework
Question 10: You can go to the party tonight _______ you are sober when you come home.
A. as long as B. as far as C. as soon as D. as well as
Question 11: You are welcome _______any book in the library.
A. to B. with C. for D. by
Question 12: It’s vital that every student _______ the exam before attending the course.
A. passes B. would pass C. passed D. pass
Question 13: ____ appears considerably larger at the horizon than it does overhead is merely an official illusion.
A. When the Moon B. That the Moon C. The Moon which D. The Moon
Question 14: The relative size of an insect’s wing is much greater than_____ .
A. of a bird’s wing B. a wing of a bird is
C. that of a bird’s wing D. that wing of a bird
Question 15: On the battle field .
A. did the tanks lie B. lay the tanks C. the tanks lay D. lied the tanks
Question 16: I’m not surprised that Tom is ill. He’s been _____ for a long time. It was bound to affect his health sooner or
later.
A. having his cake and eating it B. burning the candle at both ends
C. playing with fire D. going to town
Question 17: I only knew this when he had told me about it. Not until _______.
A. he had told me about it that I knew this B. did I know this he had told me about it
C. he had told me about, I knew this D. he had told me about it did I know this
Question 18: Since they aren't answering their telephone, they ___________ left.
A. must have B. should have C. need have D. can’t have
Question 19: The thief was __________ to six months' imprisonment.
A. given B. sent C. sentenced D. changed
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the
following exchanges.
Question 20. Trang: "I live in Vietnam.” - Thomas: "_______”
A. Whereabouts? B. About where? C. What is it about? D. How about in Hanoi?
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Question 21: A: “Do you know that Marry has got married?”
B:“__________________.”
A. It’s your turn B. Yes, I knew C. No, I didn’t D. I have no idea.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22: This sort of behavior sends the wrong message to young people.
A. delivers the incorrect letter B. fails to communicate
C. does not talk properly D. does not set a good example
Question 23. "What I've got to say to you now is strictly off the record and most certainly not for publication," said the
government official to the reporter.
A. beside the point B. not recorded C. not popular D. not yet official
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24. I see John’s boasting again. I’ve heard him telling everyone he’s the best tennis player in the County.
A. holding his tongue B. speaking too much
C. blowing his own trumpet D. pulling my leg
Question 25: Her father likes the head cabbage rare.
A. precious B. over-boiled C. scarce D. abundant
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 26: To be honest, I can’t stand the taste of cigarettes.
A. Frankly, the taste of cigarettes doesn’t bother me.
B. In fact, I strongly dislike the taste of cigarettes.
C. Honestly, cigarettes make me ill.
D. As a matter of fact, I prefer to be seated while smoking.
Question 27: The family finds it difficult to manage on the money they have.
A. The family managed to earn enough money for their living.
B. It is difficult for the family to earn money in this society.
C. It is difficult for the family to get by on the money they have.
D. The family could manage on the money they have.
Question 28: It’s his duty to get all the documents typed before the meeting.
A. He’s supposed to type all the documents before the meeting.
B. All the documents were supposed to type before the meeting.
C. All the documents were typed before the meeting.
D. He’s supposed to have all the documents typed before the meeting.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
questions.
Question 29: No one cares about the starving people .
A. for the aid is intended B. whom the aid is intended
C. whose aid is intended for D. that the aid is intended for
Question 30: _________ that Marie was able to retire at the age of 50.
A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business
C. Her business was successful D. So was her successful business
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
In Korea, in former days the marriage between a man and woman (31) _____ the joining of two families, rather
than the joining of two individuals. The event was often called Taerye (Great Ritual), and people from all over the
village or neighborhood participated. The ceremonies and events surrounding the actual marriage were long and (32)
_____. Professional matchmakers paired up likely candidates for marriage, with the new couple often meeting for the
first time at their wedding. The families considered many factors in the decision, consulting with fortune tellers for
(33) _____ about the couple's future life together. During the Chosun period, people married (34) _____ their early teens,
with the girl often being several years older than the boy.
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The groom usually traveled to the house of the bride for the ceremony, then stayed there for three days before
taking his new bride to his family's home. The actual ceremony involved many small rituals, with many bows and
symbolic gestures. The participants were expected to control their emotions and remain somber.
Although Koreans have kept several aspects of the traditional ceremony, most modern ceremonies resemble
Western marriage ceremonies more than traditional Korean ones. However, many folk villages and museums across the
country regularly perform ceremonies to (35) ______ the traditions alive.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Many ants forage across the countryside in large numbers and undertake mass migrations; these activities proceed
because one ant lays a trail on the ground for the others to follow. As a worker ant returns home after finding a source of
food, it marks the route by intermittently touching its stinger on the ground and depositing a tiny amount of trail
pheromone - a mixture of chemicals that delivers diverse messages as the context changes. These trails incorporate no
directional information and may be followed by other ants in either direction.
Unlike some other messages, such as the one arising from a dead ant, a food trail has to be kept secret from members of
other species. It is not surprising then that ant species use a wide variety of compounds as trail pheromones. Ants can be
extremely sensitive to these signals. Investigators working with the trail pheromone of the leafcutter ant Attatexana
calculated that one milligram of this substance would suffice to lead a column of ants three times around Earth.
The vapor of the evaporating pheromone over the trail guides an ant along the way, and the ant detects this signal
with receptors in its antennae. A trail pheromone will evaporate to furnish the highest concentration of vapor
right over the trail, in what is called a vapor space. In following the trail, the ant moves to the right and left, oscillating
from side to side across the line of the trail itself, bringing first one and then the other antenna into the vapor space. As
the ant moves to the right, its left antenna arrives in the vapor space. The signal it receives causes it to swing to the
left, and the ant then pursues this new course until its right antenna reaches the vapor space. It then swings back to the
right, and so weaves back and forth down the trail.
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Read the following passage and circle the letter (A, B, C or D) to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Culture is a word in common use with complex meanings, and is derived, like the term broadcasting, from the
treatment and care of the soil and of what grows on it. It is directly related to cultivation and the adjectives cultural
and cultured are part of the same verbal complex. A person of culture has identifiable attributes, among them a
knowledge of and interest in the arts, literature, and music. Yet the word culture does not refer solely to such
knowledge and interest nor, indeed, to education. At least from the 19th century onwards, under the influence of
anthropologists and sociologists, the word culture has come to be used generally both in the singular and the plural
(cultures) to refer to a whole way of life of people, including their customs, laws, conventions, and values.
Distinctions have consequently been drawn between primitive and advanced culture and cultures, between
elite and popular culture, between popular and mass culture, and most recently between national and global cultures.
Distinctions have been drawn too between culture and civilization; the latter is a word derived not, like culture or
agriculture, from the soil, but from the city. The two words are sometimes treated as synonymous. Yet this is
misleading. While civilization and barbarism are pitted against each other in what seems to be a perpetual behavioral
pattern, the use of the word culture has been strongly influenced by conceptions of evolution in the 19th century and
of development in the 20th century. Cultures evolve or develop. They are not static. They have twists and turns. Styles
change. So do fashions. There are cultural processes. What, for example, the word cultured means has changed
substantially since the study of classical (that is, Greek and Roman) literature, philosophy, and history ceased in the
20th century to be central to school and university education. No single alternative focus emerged, although with
computers has come electronic culture, affecting kinds of study, and most recently digital culture. As cultures express
themselves in new forms not everything gets better or more civilized.
The multiplicity of meanings attached to the word made and will make it difficult to define. There is no single,
unproblematic definition, although many attempts have been made to establish one. The only non-problematic
definitions go back to agricultural meaning (for example, cereal culture or strawberry culture) and medical meaning
(for example, bacterial culture or penicillin culture). Since in anthropology and sociology we also acknowledge culture
clashes, culture shock, and counter-culture, the range of reference is extremely wide.
SECTION 1.
Question 1- 5: Complete the form below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Options:
Car hire
- Don’t want to drive
(1)............................................
- Expensive
Greyhound bus
- $ 15 single, $27.50 return
- Direct to the (2) ........................................
- Long (3) ......................................
Airport Shuttle
- (4) ..................................... service
- Every 2 hours
- $35 single, $65 return
- Need to (5) ....................................
Question 6-10: Complete the booking form below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each
answer.
AIRPORT SHUTTLE BOOKING FORM
To: Milton
Date: (6) .......................................... No. of passengers: One
Bus Time: (7) ...................................... pm Type of ticket: Single
Name: Janet (8) ..................................
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Flight No: (9) ............................................ From: London Heathrow
Address in Milton: Vacation Motel,
24, Kitchener Street
Fare: $35
Credit Card No: (Visa) (10) .................................
SECTION 2.
Question 11- 15: Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
11. PS Camping has been organizing holidays for _______.
A. 15 years B. 20 years C. 25 years
12. The company has most camping sites in _______.
A. France B. Italy C. Switzerland
13. Which organised activity can children do every day of the week?
A. football B. drama C. model making
14. Some areas of the sites have a “no noise” rule after _______.
A. 9.30 p.m B. 10.00 p.m C. 10.30 p.m
15. The holiday insurance that is offered by PS Camping ________.
A. can be charged on an annual basis.
B. is included in the price of the holiday.
C. must be taken out at the time of the booking.
16. Customers who recommend PS Camping to friends will receive ________.
A. a free gift B. an upgrade to a luxury tent C. a discount
Question 17-20: What does the speaker say about the following items?
Write the correct letter A, B or C next to questions 17-20.
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→ He treated............................................................................., but he agreed to consider it.
2. They should have completed the new road last year but they're still building it. due
→ The new road...................................................................... last year but they're still building it.
3. You haven't mentioned my new hair cut yet. mention
→ You've...................................................................of my new haircut yet.
4. You got lost because you didn't do what I told you. instructions
→ If.............................................................................you wouldn't have got lost.
5. I sometimes regret coming to live in this city. occasions
→ There are some..........................................................that I hadn't come to live in this city.
6. Could you deliver the goods to my home? delivered
→ Could I............................................................................... to my home?
7. This train should have left 20 minutes ago. meant
→ This train..............................................................................off 20 minutes ago.
8. She described the events of that day in detail. detailed
→ She..............................................................................of the events of that day.
9. I learnt quite a lot of the language simply by listening to other people. fair
→ I picked..............................................................................the language simply by listening to other people.
10. He invented an illness in order to avoid having to go to school. view
→ He invented an illness..................................................................................to go to school.
II. Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the first sentence, using
the cues at the beginning of each sentence (0) has been done as an example.
0. She was not used to driving on the left. => She found it strange to drive on the left.
Question 1: The phone stopped ringing the moment I got down stairs.
No sooner __________________________________________________________________________________
Question 2: He is determined to carry on working when he is 65.
He has no __________________________________________________________________________________
Question 3: He was very sorry that he didn’t see Audrey on her trip to London.
He greatly __________________________________________________________________________________
Question 4: She agreed to go out to dinner with him because she assumed he was not married.
Had she____________________________________________________________________________________
Question 5: Everyone was surprised that the singer had very little money when he died.
The singer had_______________________________________________________________________________
Question 6: Tony is very charming, but I won’t trust him.
Charming __________________________________________________________________________________
Question 7: It was essential for her to be relieved of her duties.
It was essential that ___________________________________________________________________________
Question 8: We can start at either 1p.m or 2 p.m.
→It makes ____________________________________________________________________________________
Question 9: Only one person knew what had caused the fire.
→The cause __________________________________________________________________________________
Question 10: People think that the wanted man is living in New York.
The wanted man _____________________________________________________________________________
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Rewrite the second sentences using the given words so that they have the same meanings as the first ones.
1. Everytime she talks about going on holiday I get really excited
The more she ……………………………………………… …………………………
2. It has rained much more in London over the 15 years than it has ever done in previous decades
(CONSIDERABLY)
Over the last 15 years, the rainfall in Londdon has ……………………………………………….. in previous
decades
3. What was much better than expected was the costume design (EXCEEDED)
What ……………………………………………………………the costume design
4. Peter thought it is unfair that his team resented him for not scoring a goal
Peter thought it unfair that his team should ………………………………………… for not scoring a goal
5. The speaker rambled on for ages before stating what the lecture was about (POINT)
It took ages for the speaker to ……………………………………………what the lecture was about
6. He’s renowned for his expertise in human psychology (FIELD)
He’s a renowned ………………………………………………human psychology
7. The contract said that we didn’t have to accept immediately (OBLIGATION)
The contract said that we were ………………………………………………..
8. The rate of unemployment hasn’t increased quite as much this year compared to previous years
(SLIGHTLY)
This year the rate of unemployment has increased ………………………………………. did in previous year
9. Rose decided that she’d ask to be transferred to another department (REQUEST)
Rose decided to put ………………………………………a transfer to another department
10. If you need any help, please don’t hesitate to ask (ASSISTANCE)
If I can …………………………………………….. …………….
11. Linda cried her eyes out immediately she was told she’d failed the exam (BROKE)
Linda ……….…………………………………………as soon as she’s failed the exam
12. I wasn’t expecting my colleagues to organize a farewell party on my last day at the company (TAKEN)
I was ………………………………………………when my colleagues organized a farewell party
13. I’m so sorry, I didn’t realize it was so late (TRACK)
Sorry, I …………………………………………………………………………..
14. How can I make her understand that I don’t want to see her anymore?(ACROSS)
How can I …………………………………………………that I don’t want to see her anymore?
15. Parents predict chaos in schools unless the strike is called off (RESULT)
Parents claim it ……………………………………………………the teacher’s strike goes ahead
16. Would you give us your answer as soon as possible? (CONVENIENCE)
Please respond ……………………………………………………………..
17. Obviously, they are planning on using public transports to reduce congestion (DRAWN)
Plans …………………………………………………………use public transports to reduce congestion
18. The building stands a good chance of being closed as unsafe by the council (HIGHLY)
It’s …………………………………………………will be closed by the council due to being unsafe
Rewrite the second sentences using the given words so that they have the same meanings as the first ones.
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1. I thought about what had happened all those years before
I cast ……………………………………………… …………………………
2. I will only be satisfied if the director apologizes fully
Nothing short .……………………………………………… …………………………
3. It is such a wonderful opportunity that we cannot miss it
It is too ……………………………………………… …………………………
4. Peter thought it is unfair that his team resented him for not scoring a goal
Peter thought it unfair that his team should ………………………………………… for not scoring a goal
5. The minister gave no precise figures about the casualities
The minister didn’t go ……………………………………………… …………………………
6. Apparently, the restaurant in town has been bought out by someone else
I hear the restaurant in town ……………………………………………… …………………………
7. You led me to believe the job was mine if I wanted it (IMPRESSION)
I ……………………………………………… ………………………… that the job was mine if I wanted it
8. The speaker rambled on for ages before stating what the lecture was about (POINT)
It took ages for the speaker to ……………………………………………what the lecture was about
9. Rose decided that she’d ask to be transferred to another department (REQUEST)
Rose decided to put ………………………………………a transfer to another department
10. It was a mistake not to write the telephone number down (POINT)
I should ……………………………………………………………writing down the telephone number
11. A phone call was the first we heard about them withdrawing from the concert (PULLING)
The first we heard about …………………………………………of the concert was a phone call
12. “I can’t stand what his assistant said about me”. Said Jenny (OBJECTED)
Jenny ……………………………………………the assistant said about her
13. Linda didn’t seem to be at all scared when she drove the motorbike (DISREGARD)
Linda showed ……………………………………………………her safety ehrn she drove the motorbike
14. How can I make her understand that I don’t want to see her anymore?(ACROSS)
How can I …………………………………………………that I don’t want to see her anymore?
15. Jane said it was Sally’s fault that the dinner party was a disaster (PLACED)
Jane ……………………………………………………Sally for the disastrous dinner party
16. Don’t ever open this window (ACCOUNT)
……………………………………………………………..should you open this window
17. I don’t mind at all if you film my wedding speech (OBJECTION)
I have …………………………………………………………my wedding speech
18. I don’t think Mike hitting your car was an accident (PURPOSE)
I think Mike …………………………………………………
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