to ensure that substances for use

at work are safe and without

risk to health when properly
used

to make arrangement for of the

duty of persons who formulate, substances
Section 21, OSHA 1994 munfacture, import or supply
any substance for use at work
to make available adequate
information about the substance
supplied by them to users
- CSDS
- supplier are required to comply
OSH (CLASS) Regs 2013

an elaboration of Section 66, OSHA 1994

OSH (Control of Industrial Major

Accident Hazards) Regulations give power to authorities to prevent and reduce effects casued by
1996 disastrous acccidents caused by major hazard installations

chemicals covered are as per in Schedule I and II of the Reglations

OSHA 1994

an elaboration of Section 66, OSHA 1994

OSH (Classification, Labelling,
Safety Data Sheet of Hazardous
Chemicals) Regulations 2013 state the legal requirements related to classification, packaging,
labelling, safety data sheet and inventory of hazardous chemicals

Section 35(1), OSHA 1994, DG DOSH has the authority to prevent the
use and handling of any materials thought to be hazardous to
employees' health

OSH (Prohibition of Use of 1. 4-Aminodiphenyl; Benzidine; 2-Naphthylamine; 4-Nitrodiphenyl and

Substance) Order 1999 related salts
2. Crocidolite
3. Benzene; Carbon disulphide; Carbon tetrachloride and n-Hexane
4. White phosphorus

chemicals listed in Schedule I

and II
to provide a legal framework to
control exposure of chemical
hazardous to health at workplace
Properties categorized in Part B
of Schedule I of OSH (CPL) Regs
OSH (Use and Standards of
1997
Exposure of Chemicals
Hazardous to Health) Regulations Chemical hazardous to health:
2000
"Pesticide" in Pesticides Act 1974
to set a standard of exposure of
chemical hazardous to health to
the worker at workplace First schedule of the
Environment Quality (Schedule
Wastes) Regs 1989
 Lead Asbestos Process Mineral Dust Organic solvents Pesticides
- Asbestos – magnesium silica Many kinds of mineral dusts - Chemicals in liquid form - Any form of mixture used to
2 types: Usage - 2 groups: Schedule I in F&M (Mineral - Capable of dissolving non- prevent the presence of or
Organic Additives for Serpentine Chrysotile Dust) Reg 1989 list 25 types of soluble organic compounds eliminate pests such as
internal Amphiboles Crocidolite, mineral dust, includes: - Fat-soluble insects, weeds, fungus,
combustion Amosite, - Easily evaporate and works, rodents, among
Specific characteristics

Non- Used as metallic Fibrous Silica explode at room others.

organic compound, anthophylli Charcoal temperature
alloy and te, Graphite
chemical Tremolite Quartz
mixtures or Marble
actinolite

- Resistance to heat, wear,

alkalis and acids
- High flexibility
- Good insulator

- Inhalation - Inhalation (fibre <3 µm will - Inhalation Exposure through - Ingestion

Modes of Exposure

- Ingestion deposit in the lungs and
cannot be destroyed)
- Ingestion
- Risk depends on - Skin contact - Inhalation
Types, size of mineral dust, - Inhalation - Skin absorption
exposure duration, intensity
of mineral dust Enter body via
- Skin absorption
- Fume inhalation

- F&M (Lead) Regs 1984 - F&M (Asbestos Process) Regs - F&M (Mineral Dust) Regs - OSH (USECHH) Regs 2000 -
legislations

- OSH (USECHH) Regs 2000 1986 1989

Related

- OSH (USECHH) Regs 2000 - OSH (USECHH) Regs 2000

 Lead Asbestos Process Mineral Dust Organic solvents Pesticides

- Car batteries - Construction materials - Widely used in many - Farming sector = weed,
- Paint - Friction material (car industries insect and fungus killer
- Stabilizers for plastics and brakes) - Used in paint, ink, cleaning - Health sector = to control
bullets - Conductors of oily machines and diseases such as malaria,
Uses

- Water pipes removing of excess glue on dengue fever and

furniture elephantiasis
- Printing - Domestic home = insect
repellents

- Car battery - Factory workers for - Mining - Farmers

- Plastic PVC (Pb -stabilizer) products using asbestos - Quarry - Factory workers
Occupations at risk

- Paint and printing (Pb – - Workers that are exposed - Work involving rocks - Researchers and health
pigment) to the use of asbestos containing silica workers
- Glassmaking materials – shipbuilding, oil - Boiling works - General public
- Cable and pipe lining (Pb) rigs, etc. (sandblasting)

Exposure at home: working

attire
 Lead Asbestos Process Mineral Dust Organic solvents Pesticides
- Anemia Effects on lungs: Mineral dust accumulated in - Affect eyes, nose, throat Symptoms:
- Reproductive system - Asbestosis the lungs – damages lung and lungs.
Infertility, abortion, Lung cancer structure – loss of elasticity - Eyes will hurt Short term
weak fetus, Lung mesothelioma and reduces air volume – - Throat will be dry causing Common sign: Fatigue,
premature delivery breathing cough headache, weakness,
- Kidney failure Effects on other organs: difficulties/breathing fast - Causes the skin dry leading exhaustion
- Nervous system – Stomach cancer (whooping cough) to skin dermatitis Skin and nail: Skin itch, feeling
behavioral change, Peritoneal mesothelioma - Enter body cause brain hot and skin disease
neuropathy Scrotal mesothelioma - Mineral dust - narcosis (sign: dizziness, Eyes will itch and burn
Pneumoconiosis nausea, sleepiness, lack of Mouth, stomach and
- Silica –> silicosis –> higher energy and intestines: Sore throat,
risk of getting tuberculosis – unconsciousness) withered lips, vomiting, loss of
> lung cancer - Toxic to bone marrow, liver, appetite, heavy saliva
- Kaolin – kaolin kidney and nervous system production, nausea, stomach
pneumoconiosis - Benzene causes leukemia ache and diarrhoea
Respiratory system: cough,
Health effects

breathing difficulty, chest pain

Central nervous system:
giddiness, pain and black-out
Fits, unconsciousness and
even death

Long term
Skin allergies and damaged
nails
Pesticides contains arsenic
causing cancer
Pesticides
(dibromochloropropane)
causing infertility or difficulty
to conceive,
 Lead
Elimination/substitution
Engineering controls
- Water spraying: vacuum
Administrative controls
- Information, instruction &
training
- Changing room facilities,
cleaning/laundry and
personal hygiene
- Isolated eating places, drinks
and smoking
PPE
Control Measures
- Respirator, clothing
- Type, suitability, good
maintenance and hygiene
Asbestos Process
Elimination
- prohibition of crocidolite
Minimise exposure
- work processes and
practices, engineering
controls, PPE
Mineral Dust Organic solvents
Elimination/Substitution Elimination/substitution
- EC: water spraying, LEV
Engineering controls
Minimize exposure - Water spraying: vacuum
- Work procedures for
cleanliness, hygiene, Administrative controls
changing room, cupboard, - Information, instruction &
warning signages training
- PPE - Changing room facilities,
cleaning/laundry and
personal hygiene
- Isolated eating places, drinks
and smoking
PPE
- Respirator, clothing
Type, suitability, good
maintenance and hygiene
Pesticides
1. Before using
a. Use proper PPE
b. Read and follow
instruction on label
c. Mix the pesticide as
recommended
d. Choose suitable spraying
machine/equipment
e. PPE and spraying
equipment in good
condition
2. While using
a. Do not eat, drink and
smoke while using
b. Do not spray against the
wind
c. Ensure no one is nearby
d. Do not blow on blocked
equipments
3. After using
a. Equipment, clothing and
PPE must be washed clean
and kept in a safe place
b. Bath using soap and a lot
of water
c. Keep a proper record of all
usage of pesticides
d. pesticides containers must
be buried or burnt if not
used
e. users must know the
method for emergency
treatment
 Lead Asbestos Process Mineral Dust Organic solvents Pesticides

1. Exposure monitoring 1. Exposure monitoring 1. Exposure monitoring 1. Medical surveillance is

carried out according to
2. Health surveillance by 2. Medical assessments by 2. Medical assessments by the type of organic
OHD OHD OHD solvents the worker is
a. History (occupational, a. History (medical, a. History (medical, exposed to.
medical) occupational, smoking) occupational, smoking) 2. Different organic solvent
b. Clinical assessment: b. Clinical examination b. Clinical examination may cause different
anemia, hypertension, c. Check x-ray c. Check x-ray harmful effects.
nervous system d. Lung function test d. Test for whooping 3. The harmful effects may
c. Hemoglobin, kidney cough be obtained from CSDS.
function 3. Medical removal e. Lung function test 4. Tests can be carried out:
d. Blood lead test protection a. Examining the type of
3. Medical removal organic solvent
3. Medical Removal protection b. Tests on specific
organs such as blood
Health surveillance

test for the function

of the liver and
kidneys
c. Test on the nervous
system such as nerve
reaction,
neurobehavioral test
d. Urine or blood test
for specific organic
solvents
 Classification of Pesticides

According to use According to Toxicity level (LD50) According to colour

Class 1a very high level of toxicity and very hazardous Black

Insect repellents Class 1b very high level of toxicity Red

Weed killers Class 2 an average level of toxicity Yellow

Rat poison Class 3 low level of toxicity Blue

Class 4 very low level of toxicity White